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Meira TM, da Costa MM, de Simoni Gouveia JJ, Soares RAN, Tavares MRS, Fernandes AWC, Gouveia GV. Action of crude ethanol extract of Hymenaea martiana leaf, gallic acid, and polypyrrole (PPy) against Aeromonas hydrophila. Braz J Microbiol 2023; 54:1191-1202. [PMID: 36807089 PMCID: PMC10235323 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-023-00922-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Pisciculture represents one of the industries with the fastest growth rates worldwide. However, it presents obstacles to its development, such as bacteriosis, which is conventionally treated with antibiotics. The indiscriminate and inappropriate use of antibiotics can lead to bacterial resistance, thus alternatives to the use of antibiotics have been researched. The study aimed to analyze the potential of crude ethanol extract (CEE) from Hymenaea martiana leaf, gallic acid (GA), and polypyrrole (PPy) against Aeromonas hydrophila. Tests were performed to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the compounds individually and in synergy (checkerboard) against A. hydrophila and in silico tests between the compounds evaluated. The CEE of H. martiana leaf and PPy were effective against A. hydrophila with MBC results of 3125 μg/mL for the CEE of H. martiana and 125 μg/mL for PPy. Evaluating the GA, a MIC and MBC of 125 μg/mL was obtained. In the interaction tests (checkerboard, using PPy/CEE and PPy/GA), there was a significant reduction in individual introductions. Thus, for the PPy/CEE tests, we had a reduction of MIC/MBC to 1.95 and 781.25 μg/mL, and for the synergy tests between PPy/GA to 7.8125 and 31.125 μg/mL, respectively. The synergy tests are encouraging, and it is possible to verify a decrease of up to 98% in the introduction of PPy, 75% in CEE for H. martiana and 75.1% for GA, when compared to their individual tests. The tests with GA are encouraging due to GA's effectiveness as an antimicrobial agent and high synergy with polypyrrole, both in vitro results and molecular docking experiments showed the actions at the same activation site in A. hydrophila. In vivo tests evaluating isolated components of CEE from H. martiana in synergy with PPy should be performed, to verify the quality of the interactions and the improvement of the immune responses of the animals. It was evidenced that gallic acid, a substance isolated from the extract, tends to have more promising results. This is relevant since the industry has been developing these compounds for different uses, thus providing easier access to the product. Thus, the present study indicates an efficient alternative in the use of bioactive compounds as substitutes for conventional antimicrobials.
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Soares WNC, Lira GPO, Santos CS, Dias GN, Pimenta AS, Pereira AF, Benício LDM, Rodrigues GSO, Amora SSA, Alves ND, Feijó FMC. Pyroligneous acid from Mimosa tenuiflora and Eucalyptus urograndis as an antimicrobial in dairy goats. J Appl Microbiol 2021; 131:604-614. [PMID: 33342017 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate the applicability of the Mimosa tenuiflora and Eucalyptus urograndis pyroligneous acids (PAs) as alternative antiseptics in dairy goats. METHODS AND RESULTS Cytotoxicity was evaluated in vitro using bacteria, as well as in vivo using goats, and the influence of PAs on the physicochemical parameters of fresh milk were examined. The cytotoxicity of PAs was evaluated in terms of morphology, cell viability and metabolic activity of goat tegumentary cells. The PA of M. tenuiflora had results similar to those of 2% iodine. For the in vitro tests, strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were used with the well technique, demonstrating inhibition halos greater than 9 mm. In the in vivo test, 15 animals were used per phase of the experiment, and the plate counting technique showed that there was antiseptic action of both extracts, with emphasis on the M. tenuiflora PA. Physicochemical analysis of the milk showed that neither PAs interfered with its physical-chemical parameters. CONCLUSIONS The PA of M. tenuiflora presented potential as an alternative antiseptic in dairy goats. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This study demonstrates the use of PA as an antimicrobial agent in animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- W N C Soares
- Laboratory of Veterinary Microbiology, Center of Agrarian Sciences, Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid Region, Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - G P O Lira
- Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal Rural University of Semi-arid Region, UFERSA, Mossoró, RN, Brazil
| | - C S Santos
- Laboratory of Veterinary Microbiology, Center of Agrarian Sciences, Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid Region, Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - G N Dias
- Laboratory of Veterinary Microbiology, Center of Agrarian Sciences, Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid Region, Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - A S Pimenta
- Forest Engineering, Master Program in Forest Sciences, Agricultural Sciences Unit, Agricultural School of Jundiaí, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, UFRN, Jundiai, RN, Brazil
| | - A F Pereira
- Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal Rural University of Semi-arid Region, UFERSA, Mossoró, RN, Brazil
| | - L D M Benício
- Laboratory of Veterinary Microbiology, Center of Agrarian Sciences, Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid Region, Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - G S O Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Veterinary Microbiology, Center of Agrarian Sciences, Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid Region, Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - S S A Amora
- Laboratory of Food Tecnology, Center of Agrarian Sciences, Federal Rural University of Semi-arid Region, Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - N D Alves
- Laboratory of Veterinary Microbiology, Center of Agrarian Sciences, Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid Region, Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - F M C Feijó
- Laboratory of Veterinary Microbiology, Center of Agrarian Sciences, Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid Region, Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
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Gabardo ML, Botelho-Filho C, Izumi G, Vieira J, Bertoli FDP, Filho AR, Maranho L, Baratto-Filho F. Anatomical description and in vitro evaluation of the antibacterial potential of Aristolochia esperanzae kuntze (Aristolochiaceae) extract on oral micro-organisms. Pharmacognosy Res 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/pr.pr_52_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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