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Miron VV, Assmann CE, Mostardeiro VB, Bottari NB, Baldissarelli J, Reichert KP, da Silva AD, Castro MFV, de Jesus LB, da Silveira MV, Palma TV, Morsch VM, Cardoso AM, Schetinger MRC. Resistance physical exercise alleviates lipopolysaccharide-triggered neuroinflammation in cortex and hippocampus of rats via purinergic signaling. Neurotoxicology 2023; 99:217-225. [PMID: 37890558 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2023.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Resistance physical exercise has neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects on many known diseases and, therefore, it has been increasingly explored. The way in which this type of exercise exerts these actions is still under investigation. In this study, we aimed to analyze the enzymes and components of the purinergic system involved in the inflammatory process triggered by the P2X7R. Rats were divided into four groups: control, exercise (EX), lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and EX + LPS. The animals in the exercise groups were subjected to a 12-week ladder-climbing resistance physical exercise and received LPS after the last session for sepsis induction. Enzymes activities (NTPDase, 5'-nucleotidase, and adenosine deaminase), purinoceptors' density (P2X7R, A1, and A2A), and the levels of inflammatory indicators (pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3), Caspase-1, interleukin (IL)- 6, IL-1B, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) -α) were measured in the cortex and hippocampus of the animals. The results show that exercise prevented (in the both structures) the increase of: 1) nucleoside-triphosphatase (NTPDase) and 5'-nucleotidase activities; 2) P2X7R density; 3) NLRP3 and Caspase-1; and 4) IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α It is suggested that the purinergic system and the inflammatory pathway of P2X7R are of fundamental importance and influence the effects of resistance physical exercise on LPS-induced inflammation. Thus, the modulation of the P2X7R by resistance physical exercise offers new avenues for the management of inflammatory-related illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Valéria Miron
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Charles Elias Assmann
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Vitor Bastianello Mostardeiro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Nathieli Bianchin Bottari
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Institute of Biology, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPEL), Brazil
| | - Jucimara Baldissarelli
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Karine Paula Reichert
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Aniélen Dutra da Silva
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Milagros Fanny Vera Castro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Loren Borba de Jesus
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Marcylene Vieira da Silveira
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Tais Vidal Palma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Vera Maria Morsch
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Andréia Machado Cardoso
- Undergraduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Medical School, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Campus Chapecó, Chapecó, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
| | - Maria Rosa Chitolina Schetinger
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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Feng X, Wen X, Wang Y, Bai L, Yu H. Impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on physical fitness among college women living in China. Ann Med 2023; 55:2235560. [PMID: 37467159 PMCID: PMC10360984 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2235560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSES The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of the COVID-19 lockdown on physical fitness among college women living in China and to explore how fitness changed with different physical conditions. METHODS We performed repeated measures of BMI, 800 m running and sit-up performance assessment on college women from one university in China pre and post the COVID-19 lockdown. A total of 3658 (age 19.15 ± 1.08 yr.) college women who completed the same assessment pre and post the COVID-19 lockdown were included in the analysis. We analyzed the data using one way ANOVA and paired-samples t-test. RESULTS Due to the COVID-19 lockdown, the result shows a significant increase in BMI by 2.91% (95% CI =0.33, 0.40) and a significant decline in 800 m running and sit-up by 7.97% (95% CI =0.69, 0.77) and 4.91% (95% CI = -0.27, -0.19), respectively. College women in the highest quartile level of physical condition (Quartile 4) had more decreases than college women in the lowest quartile level (Quartile 1). Their BMI level was increased by 3.69% and 0.98% in college women in Quartile 4 and Quartile 1, respectively. Their performance of 800 m running was decreased by 9.32% and 7.37% in college women in Quartile 4 and Quartile 1, respectively. Their performance of sit-up was decreased by 13.88% in college women in Quartile 4 while it increased by 10.91% in college women in Quartile 1, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The COVID-19 lockdown might increase the BMI level and decrease 800 m running and sit-up performance among college women living in China. The decrease for college women in higher quartile level of physical condition (Quartile 4) were more seriously while college women in lower quartile level of physical condition (Quartile 1) were modest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolu Feng
- Department of Sports Science, College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinyi Wen
- Department of Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yangyang Wang
- Department of Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Bai
- School of Sports Science, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongjun Yu
- Department of Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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Sordi AF, Lemos MM, de Souza Marques DC, Ryal JJ, Priscila de Paula Silva Lalucci M, Marques MG, Amaro Camilo ML, De Paula Ramos S, Franzói De Moraes SM, Valdés-Badilla P, Mota J, Magnani Branco BH. Effects of a multi-professional intervention on body composition, physical fitness and biochemical markers in overweight COVID-19 survivors: a clinical trial. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1219252. [PMID: 37700761 PMCID: PMC10494426 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1219252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The sequelae post-COVID can affect different systems. In this sense, considering the multi-factorial etiology of COVID-19, multi-professional interventions could be a relevant strategy for recovery health indicators. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of multi-professional intervention on body composition, physical fitness, and biomarkers in overweight COVID-19 survivors with different symptomatology. Methodology: A non-randomized parallel group intervention included 69 volunteers (BMI ≥25 kg/m2), divided into three groups according to SARS CoV-2 symptomatology, but only 35 finished the longitudinal protocol [control group (n = 11); moderate group (n = 17) and severe group (n = 7)]. The groups were submitted to a multi-professional program (nutritional intervention, psychoeducation, and physical exercise intervention) for 8 weeks, and the volunteers underwent body composition assessments (primary outcome) and physical and biochemical tests (secondary outcome) in pre- and post-intervention. This study was registered on the Clinical Trials Registration Platform number: RBR-4mxg57b and with the local research ethics committee protocol under number: 4,546,726/2021. Results: After the 8-week multi-professional intervention, the following results were observed for the moderate COVID-19 group: improved dynamic strength of lower- and (p = 0.003), upper-limbs (p = 0.008), maximal isometric lumbar-traction strength (p = 0.04), flexibility (p = 0.0006), and albumin (p = 0.0005), as well as a reduction in the C reactive protein (CRP) (p = 0.003) and fasting glucose (p = 0.001); for the severe COVID-19 group: an improvement in dynamic lower-body strength (p = 0.001), higher values of albumin (p = 0.005) and HDL-c (p = 0.002), and lower values of CRP (p = 0.05), and for the control group: an improvement in sit-up repetitions (p = 0.008), and a reduction of CRP (p = 0.01), fasting glucose (p = 0.001) and total cholesterol (p = 0.04) were identified. All experimental groups reduced triglycerides after intervention (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Finally, 8 weeks of multiprofessional intervention can be an efficient tool for reversing the inflammatory process and promoting improvements in daily activities and quality of life, although it is believed that the severe COVID-19 group needs longer interventions to improve different health indicators. Clinical Trial Registration: https://ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/, identifier: RBR-4mxg57b.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Flávia Sordi
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Intervention in Health Promotion, Cesumar Institute of Science, Technology and Innovation, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Maurício Medeiros Lemos
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Intervention in Health Promotion, Cesumar Institute of Science, Technology and Innovation, Maringá, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Health Promotion, Cesumar University, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Déborah Cristina de Souza Marques
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Intervention in Health Promotion, Cesumar Institute of Science, Technology and Innovation, Maringá, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Health Promotion, Cesumar University, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Joed Jacinto Ryal
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Intervention in Health Promotion, Cesumar Institute of Science, Technology and Innovation, Maringá, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Health Promotion, Cesumar University, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Marielle Priscila de Paula Silva Lalucci
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Intervention in Health Promotion, Cesumar Institute of Science, Technology and Innovation, Maringá, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Health Promotion, Cesumar University, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Marilene Guiraldi Marques
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Intervention in Health Promotion, Cesumar Institute of Science, Technology and Innovation, Maringá, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Health Promotion, Cesumar University, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Maria Luiza Amaro Camilo
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Intervention in Health Promotion, Cesumar Institute of Science, Technology and Innovation, Maringá, Brazil
| | | | | | - Pablo Valdés-Badilla
- Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Faculty of Education Sciences, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
- Sports Coach Career, School of Education, Universidad Viña del Mar, Viña del Mar, Chile
| | - Jorge Mota
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Research Centre of Physical Activity, Health, and Leisure, Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Braulio Henrique Magnani Branco
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Intervention in Health Promotion, Cesumar Institute of Science, Technology and Innovation, Maringá, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Health Promotion, Cesumar University, Maringá, Brazil
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Research Centre of Physical Activity, Health, and Leisure, Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Sousa RAL, Yehia A, Abulseoud OA. Attenuation of ferroptosis as a potential therapeutic target for neuropsychiatric manifestations of post-COVID syndrome. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1237153. [PMID: 37554293 PMCID: PMC10405289 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1237153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is associated with the persistence of pre-existing or the emergence of new neurological and psychiatric manifestations as a part of a multi-system affection known collectively as "post-COVID syndrome." Cognitive decline is the most prominent feature among these manifestations. The underlying neurobiological mechanisms remain under intense investigation. Ferroptosis is a form of cell death that results from the excessive accumulation of intracellular reactive iron, which mediates lipid peroxidation. The accumulation of lipid-based reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the impairment of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) activity trigger ferroptosis. The COVID-19-associated cytokine storm enhances the levels of circulating pro-inflammatory cytokines and causes immune-cell hyper-activation that is tightly linked to iron dysregulation. Severe COVID-19 presents with iron overload as one of the main features of its pathogenesis. Iron overload promotes a state of inflammation and immune dysfunction. This is well demonstrated by the strong association between COVID-19 severity and high levels of ferritin, which is a well-known inflammatory and iron overload biomarker. The dysregulation of iron, the high levels of lipid peroxidation biomarkers, and the inactivation of GPX4 in COVID-19 patients make a strong case for ferroptosis as a potential mechanism behind post-COVID neuropsychiatric deficits. Therefore, here we review the characteristics of iron and the attenuation of ferroptosis as a potential therapeutic target for neuropsychiatric post-COVID syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo A. L. Sousa
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Asmaa Yehia
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Phoenix, AZ, United States
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Osama A. Abulseoud
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Phoenix, AZ, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ, United States
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De Sousa RAL, Cassilhas RC. Microglia role as the regulator of cognitive function. REVISTA DA ASSOCIACAO MEDICA BRASILEIRA (1992) 2023; 69:e20230412. [PMID: 37466612 PMCID: PMC10352012 DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.20230412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Augusto Leoni De Sousa
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Physical Education Department - Diamantina (MG), Brazil
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Neuroscience and Exercise Study Group - Diamantina (MG), Brazil
| | - Ricardo Cardoso Cassilhas
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Physical Education Department - Diamantina (MG), Brazil
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Neuroscience and Exercise Study Group - Diamantina (MG), Brazil
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Roever L, Cavalcante BRR, Improta-Caria AC. Long-term consequences of COVID-19 on mental health and the impact of a physically active lifestyle: a narrative review. Ann Gen Psychiatry 2023; 22:19. [PMID: 37170283 PMCID: PMC10174610 DOI: 10.1186/s12991-023-00448-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronavirus-19 disease (COVID-19) is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Respiratory viruses damage not only the upper respiratory tract in humans, but also several different organs such as the brain. Some of the neurological consequences of COVID-19 reported are anosmia, headache, stroke, declined cognitive function, and impaired mental health, among others. People who had COVID-19 have a higher risk of sequelae in the central nervous system (CNS). However, it is not known which are all possible sequelae and how long will last the long-term effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on behavioral patterns and quality of life. AIM We intend to address the long-term impacts of COVID-19 on mental health and the relevance of physical exercise during the pandemic. METHODS We conducted a literature search using PubMed to find the articles that were related to these themes. RESULTS We found 23,489 papers initially, and then we applied the inclusion/exclusion criteria to narrow down our search to 3617 articles and selected 1380 eligible articles after a thorough reading of titles and abstracts. The findings indicated that COVID-19 impacted general mental health and led many not only hospitalized patients to develop cognitive decline, memory impairment, anxiety, sleep alterations, and depressive-like behavior. Furthermore, the fear of vaccines and their effects had negatively affected mental health and directly impacted mortality rates in unvaccinated COVID-19 patients. CONCLUSIONS Preventive measures must be undertaken, such as the vaccination of the entire population, vaccination hesitancy discouragement by creating awareness among individuals, and people's engagement in a physically active lifestyle, since being physically active is a low-cost and effective measure to restore or inhibit the negative outcomes from COVID-19 on mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Roever
- Department of Clinical Research, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil.
| | - Bruno Raphael Ribeiro Cavalcante
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador, Brazil
- Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, Brazil
| | - Alex Cleber Improta-Caria
- Post-Graduate Program in Medicine and Health, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, Brazil
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Improta-Caria AC, Soci ÚPR, Rodrigues LF, Fernandes T, Oliveira EM. MicroRNAs Regulating Pathophysiological Processes in Obesity: The Impact of Exercise Training. CURRENT OPINION IN PHYSIOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cophys.2023.100648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
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The health benefit of physical exercise on COVID-19 pandemic: Evidence from mainland China. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0275425. [PMID: 36223368 PMCID: PMC9555623 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Our study aims to investigate the health benefit of regular physical exercise participation on a series of COVID-19 outcomes including COVID-19 morbidity, mortality, and cure rate. Methods Prefecture-level panel data related to physical exercise and the COVID-19 pandemic in China were collected from January 1 to March 17, 2020, (N = 21379). Multiple linear regression was conducted, and the ordinary least squares technique was used to estimate the coefficient. Results It was shown that regular sports participation significantly negatively affected COVID-19 morbidity (estimate = -1.1061, p<0.01) and mortality (estimate = -0.3836, p<0.01), and positively affected cure rate (estimate = 0.0448, p<0.01), implying that engaging in physical exercise regularly does have a significant positive effect on COVID-19 outcomes. Then, we explored the heterogeneity of the effect of physical exercise on areas with different risk levels and it was revealed that the effect of physical exercise was more pronounced in high-risk areas in terms of morbidity (estimate = -1.8776, p<0.01 in high-risk areas; estimate = -0.0037, p<0.01 in low-risk areas), mortality (estimate = -0.3982, p<0.01 in high-risk areas; estimate = -0.3492, p<0.01 in low-risk areas), and cure rate (estimate = 0.0807, p<0.01 in high-risk areas; 0.0193 = -0.0037, p<0.05 in low-risk areas). Conclusions Our results suggest that regularly engaging in physical exercise before the pandemic has positive health effects, especially in the case of a more severe epidemic. Therefore, we urge readers to actively engage in physical exercise so that we can reduce the risks in the event of a pandemic.
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Molanouri Shamsi M, Vahed A, Hekmatikar AA, Suzuki K. Combined Effects of Exercise Training and Nutritional Supplementation in Cancer Patients in the Context of the COVID-19: A Perspective Study. Front Nutr 2022; 9:847215. [PMID: 35356739 PMCID: PMC8959344 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.847215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The 2019 coronavirus (COVID-19) epidemic, has caused unprecedented global social and economic impacts and many deaths. Many risk factors have been identified in the progression of COVID-19 to severe and critical stages, and it is shown that the coronavirus appears more severely in people with cancer. Pro-inflammatory status and weakened immune system due to cancer-related treatments can be determinants in the immune system’s response to the coronavirus in these patients. Higher physical activity levels are associated with lower hospitalization rates and mortality in COVID-19. Also, regular exercise training can improve immune system responses, modulate inflammatory responses, and improve psychological parameters in cancer patients. The interactive effects of nutritional supplements on immune responses and anti-inflammatory status have been shown in some studies. The purpose of this perspective article was to investigate the interaction between dietary supplementation and regular physical exercise in controlling risk factors associated with coronavirus in cancer patients. In addition to appropriate dietary habits, some nutritional supplements, especially vitamin D, have been shown to improve the immune system’s response against COVID-19 and cancer. Using lifestyle strategies such as regular physical activity and intake of functional compounds as supplements can be effective in treatment outcomes, quality of life, and overall survival in cancer patients. We proposed that combining dietary supplements and exercise training in cancer patients can boost immune responses against COVID-19 and probably improve vaccine responses. Angiotensin (ANG)-(1-7) Mas receptor axis can probably activate following exercise training and vitamin D combination. And can prevent pulmonary injury, hematological alterations, and hyperinflammatory state in COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdieh Molanouri Shamsi
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
- *Correspondence: Mahdieh Molanouri Shamsi,
| | - Alieh Vahed
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
- Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - AmirHossin Ahmadi Hekmatikar
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
- Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Katsuhiko Suzuki
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan
- Katsuhiko Suzuki,
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De Sousa RAL, Improta-Caria AC. Regulation of microRNAs in Alzheimer´s disease, type 2 diabetes, and aerobic exercise training. Metab Brain Dis 2022; 37:559-580. [PMID: 35075500 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-022-00903-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia. The evolution and aggregation of amyloid beta (β) oligomers is linked to insulin resistance in AD, which is also the major characteristic of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Being physically inactive can contribute to the development of AD and/or T2D. Aerobic exercise training (AET), a type of physical exercise, can be useful in preventing or treating the negative outcomes of AD and T2D. AD, T2D and AET can regulate the expression of microRNAs (miRNAs). Here, we review some of the changes in miRNAs expression regulated by AET, AD and T2D. MiRNAs play an important role in the gene regulation of key signaling pathways in both pathologies, AD and T2D. MiRNA dysregulation is evident in AD and has been associated with several neuropathological alterations, such as the development of a reactive gliosis. Expression of miRNAs are associated with many pathophysiological mechanisms involved in T2D like insulin synthesis, insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, hyperglycemia, intracellular signaling, and lipid profile. AET regulates miRNAs levels. We identified 5 miRNAs (miR-21, miR-29a/b, miR-103, miR-107, and miR-195) that regulate gene expression and are modulated by AET on AD and T2D. The identified miRNAs are potential targets to treat the symptoms of AD and T2D. Thus, AET is a non-pharmacological tool that can be used to prevent and fight the negative outcomes in AD and T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Augusto Leoni De Sousa
- Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Fisiológicas- Sociedade Brasileira de Fisiologia (SBFis), Universidade Federal Dos Vales Do Jequitinhonha E Mucuri (UFVJM), Campus JK, Rodovia MGT 367, Km 583, Alto da Jacuba, nº 5000, Diamantina, Minas Gerais, CEP 39100-000, Brazil.
| | - Alex Cleber Improta-Caria
- Post-Graduate Program in Medicine and Health, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, Bahia, Brazil
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Tsai CL, Tu CH, Chen JC, Lane HY, Ma WF. Efficiency of an Online Health-Promotion Program in Individuals with At-Risk Mental State during the COVID-19 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182211875. [PMID: 34831631 PMCID: PMC8622344 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182211875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Mental health issues caused by the COVID-19 pandemic greatly impact people’s daily lives. Individuals with an at-risk mental state are more vulnerable to mental health issues, and these may lead to onset of full psychotic illnesses. This study aimed to develop and evaluate an online health-promotion program for physical and mental health of the individuals with at-risk mental state during the COVID-19 pandemic. A single group study with pre- and post-tests was conducted in 39 young adults with at-risk mental state. The participants were provided with the online health-promotion program after completing the pretest. Via social media, the online counseling program released one topic of material (about 15–20 min) every two weeks and provided interactive counseling for specific personal health needs on the platform. Study questionnaires, physiological examination, and blood serum examination were completed at both pre- and post-tests. The participants showed significant improvements in mental risk, anxiety, and physical activity after participating in the program. Furthermore, those who did not complete the program had significantly more severe negative symptoms. These results imply that the online health-promotion program is effective and accessible under certain barriers such as the COVID-19 pandemic, but not for individuals with higher risk of more negative mental health symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Lun Tsai
- Department of Public Health (in Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine), China Medical University, No. 100, Sec. 1, Jingmao Rd., Beitun Dist., Taichung 406040, Taiwan;
| | - Cheng-Hao Tu
- Graduate Institute of Acupuncture Science, China Medical University, No. 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 404333, Taiwan;
| | - Jui-Cheng Chen
- Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Neurology, China Medical University Hospital, No. 2, Yude Road, North District, Taichung 40447, Taiwan;
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, No. 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 404333, Taiwan
- Department of Neurology, China Medical University, No. 199, Sec. 1, Xinglong Rd., Hsinchu County 302056, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Yuan Lane
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, No. 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 404333, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, China Medical University Hospital, No. 2, Yude Road, North District, Taichung 404332, Taiwan
- Department of Psychology, College of Medical and Health Sciences, Asia University, No. 500, Lioufeng Rd., Wufeng, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (H.-Y.L.); (W.-F.M.); Tel.: +886-4-2205-2121 (ext. 1855) (H.-Y.L.); +886-4-2205-3366 (ext. 7107) (W.-F.M.); Fax: +886-4-2236-1230 (H.-Y.L.); +886-4-2205-3748 (W.-F.M.)
| | - Wei-Fen Ma
- PhD Program for Health Science and Industry and School of Nursing, China Medical University, No. 100, Sec. 1, Jingmao Rd., Beitun Dist., Taichung 406040, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, China Medical University Hospital, No. 2, Yude Road, North District, Taichung 404332, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (H.-Y.L.); (W.-F.M.); Tel.: +886-4-2205-2121 (ext. 1855) (H.-Y.L.); +886-4-2205-3366 (ext. 7107) (W.-F.M.); Fax: +886-4-2236-1230 (H.-Y.L.); +886-4-2205-3748 (W.-F.M.)
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