USE OF THE BIBLIOGRAPHIC REFERENCE MANAGER IN THE SELECTION OF PRIMARY STUDIES IN INTEGRATIVE REVIEWS

Searching for studies: A guide to information retrieval for Campbell systematic reviews

This guide outlines general issues in searching for studies; describes the main sources of potential studies; and discusses how to plan the search process, design, and carry out search strategies, manage references found during the search process and document and report the search process.

Characteristics of surveillance systems for suicide and self-harm: A scoping review

BACKGROUND

Suicide is a complex public health issue. Surveillance systems play a vital role in identifying trends and epidemiologic needs, informing public health strategies, and tailoring effective context-based suicide prevention interventions.

AIM

To identify and summarise the characteristics of specific surveillance systems and general health behaviour that include data onsuicide and self-harm.

METHOD

A scoping review following the JBI recommendations and PRISMA-ScR guidelines identified 29 relevant studies on suicide and self-harm surveillance systems. A systematic search was performed on Cinahl, Embase, Lilacs-Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature, PubMed-US National Library of Medicine, Scopus, and Google Scholar. The eligibility criteria include papers that use qualitative, quantitative or mixed methods with no restrictions on time or language. The following papers were excluded regarding euthanasia and assisted suicide, as well as papers that did not explicitly describe suicide, self-harm, and surveillance systems. Two researchers independently screened the materials for eligibility and extracted data from the included studies. Data analysis was conducted using content analysis.

RESULTS

Twenty-nine references were included, and 30 surveillance systems were identified and classified into general health behaviour surveillance (n = 15) and specific systems for suicide and self-harm (n = 15). General health behaviour systems often operate at national data collection level, collecting non-fatal data in healthcare settings, mainly emergency departments. The specific systems exhibited greater variability in terms of context, involved actors, data collection level, data collection procedures, and case classification. Limitations found by the studies pointed mostly to case definitions and data quality. Co-production, intersectoral collaboration, clear case definition criteria and data standardisation are essential to improve surveillance systems for suicide and self-harm.

CONCLUSIONS

This review identified the characteristics of surveillance systems for suicide and self-harm. Monitoring and evaluation are crucial for ongoing relevance and impact on prevention efforts.

Demographic Profile, Health, and Associated Factors of Family Caregivers and Functionality of Hospitalized Older Adults: Cross-Sectional, Exploratory, and Descriptive Study

BACKGROUND

The longevity of the world population can contribute to an increase in hospitalizations and, consequently, to the emergence of functional limitations, resulting in the need for family caregivers. Hospitalized older adults may become dependent and require more care, increasing the burden on family caregivers. Thus, the nursing team in the hospital environment faces a new situation: an increase in the number of older adults occupying hospital beds and the presence of their family caregivers.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to analyze the association between the demographic variables of interest and the self-rated health of family caregivers and to describe the functionality of older adults hospitalized in a university hospital in the Amazonian context.

METHODS

This cross-sectional, quantitative, exploratory, and descriptive study was carried out through individual interviews with 98 interviewees, divided into 49 family caregivers and 49 older adults hospitalized in the surgical clinic sector of a university hospital in Brazil between February and March 2023. Demographic data and health conditions were collected from family caregivers, and to describe the functionality of hospitalized older adults, the Barthel Index was applied. Descriptive (frequency and percentage) and inferential analyses were used, and the student t test was applied. The significance level of 5% was adopted.

RESULTS

Among the 49 family caregivers, the majority were women (n=40, 81.6%) with an average age of 46.9 (SD 13.3) years. Most were single (n=28, 57.1%) and had completed an average level of education (n=26, 53.1%). Additionally, 25 (51%) caregivers were caring for their parents. Regarding health conditions, respondents self-assessed their health as good (25/49, 51%; P=.01), and they considered that their health status was not affected by the provision of care (36/49, 73.5%; P=.01). There was a significant association between demographic variables (ie, gender, age, and education) and self-assessment of family caregivers (P=.01, P=.01, and P=.04, respectively). Of the 49 older adults hospitalized, the majority (n=31, 63.2%) were men, with a mean age of 69.2 (SD 7.12) years. Regarding the assessment of functionality, most older adults were classified as having mild dependence on care (n=23, 46.9%), specifically in the age group between 60 and 69 years (21/49, 67.8%).

CONCLUSIONS

The data revealed that female gender, age, and education of family caregivers contributed favorably to the provision of care to hospitalized older adults with a lower degree of functional dependence. It is important to emphasize that during the older adult's hospitalization, the family caregiver should not be seen as a delegation of responsibilities or as a complement of human resources to assist in their recovery. Health professionals need to implement assertive interventions so that the family caregiver functions as a therapeutic resource.

Mental Health Care in Primary Health Care: An Integrative Review

In this study, we analyzed recent studies on mental health approaches developed in primary health care to identify the emphasis of such interventions, their technical feasibility for the setting in question, and their levels of evidence. An integrative review was conducted of primary studies from the LILACS, PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, and Web of Science databases using the PRISMA search strategy. Nineteen studies were identified with a high level of evidence that contribute to the advancement of knowledge in the area. However, academic, cultural, and linguistic barriers still need to be overcome to facilitate sharing of such interventions' findings and protocols.

Educational material production and validity: educational instrument for home care for premature newborns

OBJECTIVE

to produce and validate a booklet, based on Jean Watson's Theory, on home care for premature newborns, based on caregivers' experiences.

METHOD

a methodological study, developed in the following stages: diagnosis of knowledge needs about home care; survey of scientific content; educational material production; and validity by judges/experts.

RESULTS

the literature review resulted in 19 articles. The main themes (breastfeeding, bath care, bond building, infection prevention and support network) were listed for producing the booklet "Booklet for Premature Newborns: Demystifying Home Care". The booklet content and appearance received the overall Content Validity Index of 0.85, considered suitable within the scientific rigor of validity.

FINAL CONSIDERATIONS

the booklet produced and validated is an educational material whose main role is to provide knowledge and awaken caregivers' autonomy in providing home care to newborns.

Produção e validação de material educativo: instrumento educativo para o cuidado domiciliar ao recém-nascido prematuro

RESUMO Objetivo: produzir e validar cartilha, baseado na Teoria de Jean Watson, sobre os cuidados domiciliares ao recém-nascido prematuro, a partir de vivências de cuidadores. Método: estudo metodológico, desenvolvido nas etapas: diagnóstico das necessidades de conhecimento sobre os cuidados domiciliares; levantamento dos conteúdos científicos; produção de material educativo; e validação por juízas/experts. Resultados: a revisão da literatura resultou em 19 artigos. Elencaram-se os principais temas (amamentação, cuidados com o banho, construção de vínculo, prevenção de infecções e rede de apoio), para produção da cartilha intitulada “Cartilha de Cuidados com o Recém-Nascido Prematuro: Desmistificando o Cuidar no Domicílio”. O conteúdo e aparência da cartilha recebeu o Índice de Validade de Conteúdo Global de 0,85, considerado adequado dentro do rigor científico de validade. Considerações finais: a cartilha produzida e validada é um material educativo cujo papel principal é proporcionar conhecimento e despertar a autonomia dos cuidadores na prestação dos cuidados domiciliares ao recém-nascido.

Construction and validation of podcast for teen sexual and reproductive health education

OBJECTIVE

to construe and validate a podcast for teen sexual and reproductive health education.

METHOD

a methodological study was conducted based on Freire's perspective. The podcast was construed based on the Knowledge about Sexuality Questionnaire applied to 60 adolescents and an integrative literature review. Eleven experts conducted the validation process. Internal consistency was evaluated using Item-level Content Validity Index ≥0.78 and Cronbach's alpha ≥0.700.

RESULTS

four podcast episodes were produced with the adolescents' participation using the radio play format, addressing sex and sexuality, contraceptive methods, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) and other sexually transmitted infections. The podcast episodes last between 8 and 11 minutes and was validated with Item-level Content Validity Index = 0.87 and Cronbach's alpha = 0.951.

CONCLUSION

the podcast was validated for teen sexual and reproductive health education and constitutes a tool for health professional practices, particularly nurses, as well as autonomous use by adolescents.

(1) Adolescents helped construct the technology. (2) Podcast is an easy-to-access, low-cost educational resource. (3) The radio play format emulates the target audience’s style and language. (4) The podcast format is little used by nursing, especially in health education. (5) The unpublished and judge-validated podcast is available for free.

UTILIZAÇÃO DA PLACENTA HUMANA NA CICATRIZAÇÃO DE ÚLCERAS NOS PÉS DE PESSOAS COM DIABETES: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA

Objetivo:Identificar na literatura as contribuições da utilização da placenta humana na cicatrização de úlceras nos pés de pessoas com diabetes. Método: Estudo de revisão integrativa realizado por meio da busca de artigos na Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Cochrane Library, National Library of Medicine (PubMed), Web of Science e Scopus, com a utilização das estratégias de busca: Placenta AND “Pé diabético” e Placenta AND “Diabetic foot”. Resultados: A busca inicial resultou em 148 artigos. Após aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, obteve-se amostra final de 12 artigos. Observou-se que a placenta tem potencial de promover a melhora do tecido de granulação e a circulação periférica, maior repitelização, redução na área da ferida, com uso majoritário de aloenxerto de membranas placentária e amniótica criopreservadas. Conclusão: A placenta humana é um material biológico rico em nutrientes que apresentou potencial para contribuir com o reparo tecidual de úlceras nos pés de pessoas com diabetes em menor período de tempo.

USE OF THE HUMAN PLACENTA IN THE HEALING OF FOOT ULCERS IN PEOPLE WITH DIABETES: INTEGRATIVE REVIEW

Objective: To identify in the literature the contributions of the use of the human placenta in the healing of foot ulcers in people with diabetes. Method: An integrative review study carried out by searching articles in Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Cochrane Library, National Library of Medicine (PubMed), Web of Science and Scopus, using the search strategies: Placenta AND “Diabetic foot” and Placenta AND “Diabetic Foot”. Results: The initial search resulted in 148 articles. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a final sample of 12 articles was obtained. It was observed that the placenta has the potential to promote the improvement of granulation tissue and peripheral circulation, greater epithelialization, and reduction in the wound area, with the majority use of cryopreserved placental and amniotic membrane allograft. Conclusion: The human placenta is a nutrient-rich biological material that has the potential to contribute to the tissue repair of foot ulcers in people with diabetes in a shorter period of time.

Breastfeeding in times of COVID-19: a scoping review

OBJECTIVE

to identify how the COVID-19 pandemic has influenced postpartum women in breastfeeding.

METHOD

a scoping review, with a search in seven databases. Studies available in full, in English, Portuguese or Spanish, published from December/2019-April/2021 were included. The analysis was carried out by categorizing common themes.

RESULTS

25 studies were included, grouped into five categories, presenting the influence of the pandemic: in the routine of breastfeeding care, evidencing preventive measures against COVID-19; in breastfeeding rates, highlighting changes in dietary practices; in the support network for breastfeeding, indicating a lack of service care; in the postpartum women's emotions, with predominance of concern and stress; in the use of technology to support breastfeeding, with teleservice facilitating care.

CONCLUSION

the COVID-19 pandemic has influenced new forms of care, in the offer and duration of breastfeeding, in emotional health and in the support network fragility. It is expected to contribute so that health professionals provide care with greater assertiveness in the face of this new situation.

Mental Health of Postpartum Women During the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Integrative Review

Objective: To identify and analyze the scientific evidence on the mental health of postpartum women during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: This integrative review was carried out using the VHL, CINAHL, PubCovid, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, whose research question was “What is the scientific evidence on the mental health of postpartum women during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic?” Results: Ten articles in English were included, identifying a higher frequency of cross-sectional research (n = 4), publications in November 2020 (n = 3), conducted in Italy (n = 3), with level VI evidence (n = 6). The study found that postpartum women feel depressed, lonely, and afraid; attention is drawn to the worsening risk of postpartum depression with significant prevalence values. It points out factors that negatively influence the mental health of this population in the current pandemic and discloses care measures. Conclusions: In addition to previous characteristics, socioeconomic conditions (e.g., living in highly infected areas, unemployment) and elements inherent to this pandemic (e.g., distance and fear of contagion) negatively influence the mental health of postpartum women. Means of dealing with the conditions imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic are available, such as relaxation techniques, physical exercise, and professional support. The relevance and need for research on this theme, mostly nationally, are highlighted.

Nurse training for care management: integrative literature review

ABSTRACT Objectives: to identify how nurses are trained to manage care. Methods: an integrative review, guided by the research question: “How does the training of nurses for care management occur?” The studied performed the search on LILACS, BDENF, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, BVS, and SciELO, using combined strategies to select publications indexed in databases and electronic libraries. The analysis involved bibliometric aspects and the evidence on nursing education contained in the articles. The final sample consisted of eight articles. Results: three thematic categories emerged: conceptions and senses; fragmentation of care; and training practices. They showed essential aspects about the nurse training process for care management. Final Considerations: research needs to address conceptions inherent to teaching processes focusing on concepts, significance, and application, engaging the development of macro skills to transpose care beyond theory.

Aleitamento materno em tempos de COVID-19: uma scoping review

RESUMO Objetivo: identificar como a pandemia de COVID-19 tem influenciado as puérperas no aleitamento materno. Método: scoping review, com busca em sete bases de dados. Incluíram-se estudos disponíveis na íntegra, em inglês, português ou espanhol, publicados de dezembro/2019-abril/2021. A análise deu-se por categorização de temas comuns. Resultados: incluíram-se 25 estudos, agrupados em cinco categorias, apresentando a influência da pandemia: na rotina de cuidados ao aleitamento materno, evidenciando medidas preventivas contra COVID-19; nas taxas do aleitamento materno, destacando mudanças nas práticas alimentares; na rede de apoio para o aleitamento materno, apontando falta de assistência de serviços; nas emoções das puérpera, predominando preocupação e estresse; no uso da tecnologia para apoio ao aleitamento materno, com teleatendimento facilitando a assistência. Conclusão: a pandemia de COVID-19 influenciou novas formas de assistência, na oferta e no tempo de amamentação, na saúde emocional e na fragilidade da rede de apoio. Espera-se contribuir para que profissionais da saúde proporcionem assistência com maior assertividade diante dessa nova situação.

TECHNOLOGIES FOR HEALTH EDUCATION IN THE CARE OF PATIENTS WITH URINARY INCONTINENCE: AN INTEGRATIVE REVIEW

Objective: analyze the technologies available in the literature used for health education in the care of people with urinary incontinence. Methods: integrative review, with database searches: Índice Bibliográfico Espanhol de Ciências da Saúde (IBECS), Base de Dados em Enfermagem (BDENF) via Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online via Pubmed (MEDLINE/PubMed) from the National Library of Medicine, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Scopus, Web of Science and Embase. The collection was carried out in February 2021, with the main descriptors: Urinary Incontinence, Educational Technology and Health Education. Results: 91 articles were selected, after analyzing the inclusion and exclusion criteria, there were only 5 productions that were selected, presenting as a strategy the technologies: multimedia course, videos, mobile application and book/booklet. The articles were published between 1997 and 2020. The dimensions considered were: development of health technologies for the treatment of urinary incontinence and knowledge, adherence and the effect of using health technologies for the treatment of urinary incontinence. Conclusion: the technologies used were diversified, with the adherence and the effect being directly proportional, and it depends on how the individual understands urinary incontinence and the impact it brings on each person’s life.

TECNOLOGIAS PARA EDUCAÇÃO EM SAÚDE NO CUIDADO AO PACIENTE COM INCONTINÊNCIA URINÁRIA: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA

Objetivo:analisar as tecnologias disponíveis na literatura utilizadas para a educação em saúde no cuidado às pessoas com incontinência urinária. Métodos: revisão integrativa, com buscas nas bases: Índice Bibliográfico Espanhol de Ciências da Saúde (IBECS), Base de Dados em Enfermagem (BDENF) via Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online via Pubmed (MEDLINE/PubMed) da National Library of Medicine, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Scopus, Web of Science e Embase. A coleta foi realizada em fevereiro de 2021, tendo como principais descritores: Incontinência urinária, Tecnologia educacional e Educação em saúde. Resultados: foram selecionados 91 artigos, após a análise dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão restaram 5 produções que foram selecionadas, apresentando como estratégia as tecnologias: curso de multimídia, vídeos, aplicativo móvel e livro/livreto. Os artigos foram publicados entre 1997 e 2020. As dimensões consideradas foram: desenvolvimento de tecnologias em saúde para o tratamento da incontinência urinária e conhecimento, adesão e efeito do uso de tecnologias em saúde para o tratamento da incontinência urinária. Conclusão: as tecnologias utilizadas foram diversificadas, sendo a adesão e o efeito diretamente proporcionais, e depende de como o indivíduo compreende a incontinência urinária e o impacto que ela traz na vida de cada um.

Postoperative complications in adult patients undergoing surgery with confirmed infection by SARS-CoV-2: An integrative review

OBJECTIVE

to analyze the evidence available in the literature about postoperative complications in adult patients undergoing surgical procedures with confirmed infection by SARS-CoV-2.

METHOD

an integrative literature review conducted in the CINAHL, EMBASE, LILACS, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases, as well as in the gray literature. The references identified were exported to the EndNote manager and, subsequently, to the Rayyan web application for study selection. The stages of sampling, categorization of studies, evaluation of the studies included, interpretation of the results and knowledge synthesis were performed by two reviewers independently and in a masked manner. The data were analyzed descriptively.

RESULTS

of the 247 articles identified, 15 were selected to comprise this review. The prevalent postoperative complications in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 were the following: cough, dyspnea and hypoxia, need for invasive mechanical ventilation or not, admission to the intensive care unit and death.

CONCLUSION

the most reported postoperative complications in the studies evaluated were respiratory-related, followed by cardiovascular complications. The importance of preoperative screening for COVID-19 is highlighted, as well as of the monitoring and tracking of confirmed cases in the postoperative period, as these actions exert an impact on reducing the occurrence of complications related to SARS-CoV-2.

Educação em saúde e final de vida no hospital

Objetivo: identificar ações de educação em saúde direcionadas às pessoas em final da vida e seus cuidadores, informais e formais, no hospital, além de avaliar o nível de evidência de tais ações. Síntese do conteúdo: o estudo foi realizado entre dezembro de 2019 e janeiro de 2020, nas bases de dados Web of Science, Scopus e MEDLINE. Identificaram-se 6.762 artigos, dos quais 42 integram a análise por serem artigos originais ou de revisão escritos em português, espanhol, inglês ou francês; a amostra dos estudos foi composta por pacientes maiores de 19 anos, com doença avançada e/ou em final de vida ou cuidadores ou profissionais de saúde. Os dados foram agrupados por similaridade do tema das ações, conforme Polit e Beck, e o nível de evidência avaliado segundo Melnyk e Fineout-Overholt. O vídeo foi a ação com maior força de recomendação, seguida por cartilhas. As unidades temáticas foram “Ações para o controle da dor”, “Narrativas sobre o final da vida”, “Planejamento de cuidados”, “Dialogando sobre os cuidados paliativos” e “Comunicação e final de vida”. Conclusões: ações de educação em saúde no final da vida devem considerar as tecnologias da informação e da comunicação, além das condições socioculturais, clínicas e cognitivas dessa etapa do adoecimento.

Efeitos do isolamento social na pandemia da covid-19 na saúde mental da população

Objetivo: analisar as consequências do distanciamento social para a contenção da covid-19 na saúde mental na população. Síntese de conteúdo: revisão integrativa da literatura conduzida em janeiro de 2021 nas bases de dados eletrônicas Web of Science, Scopus eMEDLINE/PubMed. Evidenciou-se a ampliação de sentimentos relacionados à ansiedade e à depressão, à redução da qualidade do sono e às preocupações com a vida, a saúde, a morte e a família, ao passo que se observou a redução da satisfação com a vida, da felicidade e do interesse por lazer e encontros. Conclusão: as consequências do distanciamento social na pandemia da covid-19 na saúde mentaldemandam estratégias assistenciais inovadoras para o enfrentamento. Recomendam-se intervenções públicas sobre a disseminação de informações inverídicas acerca da pandemia, além do desenvolvimento de mais pesquisas sobre a temática.

Cardiac Complications in Patients with COVID-19: An Integrative Literature Review

Objective: To verify, based on the literature, what the main cardiac complications are in patients with COVID-19, during treatment in a hospital unit. Materials and methods: An integrative review, carried out by searching for studies in eight national and international databases. The final sample consisted of 16 studies published between January and May 2020, which were subjected to structural evaluation by the following instruments: Case Report Guidelines, for case reports; and Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology, for observational studies. Results: The main cardiac complications were predominantly obstructive events, herein understood as acute myocardial infarction, followed by severe arrhythmic conditions and heart failure, all due to the hyperinflammation condition resulting from viral infection. Conclusions: The knowledge about cardiac complications during COVID-19 treatment has become important, since it can collaborate for the adoption of more effective treatment protocols and guide the assistance offered by health professionals, in order to identify such complications and intervene early.