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Maculewicz E, Leońska-Duniec A, Mastalerz A, Szarska E, Garbacz A, Lepionka T, Łakomy R, Anyżewska A, Bertrandt J. The Influence of FTO, FABP2, LEP, LEPR, and MC4R Genes on Obesity Parameters in Physically Active Caucasian Men. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19106030. [PMID: 35627568 PMCID: PMC9141290 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19106030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a complex multifactorial abnormality that has a well-confirmed genetic basis. However, the problem still lies in identifying the polymorphisms linked to body mass and composition. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze associations between FTO (rs9939609), FABP2 (rs1799883), and LEP (rs2167270), LEPR (rs1137101), and MC4R (rs17782313) polymorphisms and obesity-related parameters. Unrelated Caucasian males (n = 165) were recruited. All participants had similar physical activity levels. The participants were divided into two groups depending on their body mass index (BMI) and fat mass index (FMI). All samples were genotyped using real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR). When tested individually, only one statistically significant result was found. The FTO A/T polymorphism was significantly associated with FMI (p = 0.01). The chance of having increased FMI was >2-fold higher for the FTO A allele carriers (p < 0.01). Gene−gene interaction analyses showed the additional influence of all investigated genes on BMI and FMI. In summary, it was demonstrated that harboring the FTO A allele might be a risk factor for elevated fat mass. Additionally, this study confirmed that all five polymorphisms are involved in the development of common obesity in the studied population and the genetic risk of obesity is linked to the accumulation of numerous variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Maculewicz
- Faculty of Physical Education, Jozef Pilsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, 00-809 Warsaw, Poland;
- Correspondence:
| | - Agata Leońska-Duniec
- Faculty of Physical Education, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, 80-336 Gdansk, Poland;
| | - Andrzej Mastalerz
- Faculty of Physical Education, Jozef Pilsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, 00-809 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Ewa Szarska
- Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 01-163 Warsaw, Poland; (E.S.); (T.L.); (R.Ł.)
| | - Aleksandra Garbacz
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Animal Breeding, Bioengineering and Conservation, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Tomasz Lepionka
- Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 01-163 Warsaw, Poland; (E.S.); (T.L.); (R.Ł.)
| | - Roman Łakomy
- Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 01-163 Warsaw, Poland; (E.S.); (T.L.); (R.Ł.)
| | - Anna Anyżewska
- University of Economics and Human Sciences in Warsaw, Okopowa 59, 01-043 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Jerzy Bertrandt
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Pope John Paul II State School of Higher Education in Biala Podlaska, 21-500 Biala Podlaska, Poland;
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Hastuti P, Mus R, Puspasari A, Maharani C, Setyawati I. Perilipin Genetic Variation Correlated with Obesity and Lipid Profile in Metabolic Syndrome. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2022.9185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Perilipin is very important for the regulation of the deposition and mobilization of fats. The human perilipin gene (PLIN) is near the locus for risk of obesity and hypertriglyceridemia. The PLIN gene is thought to be involved in the occurrence of metabolic syndrome.
AIM: The aim of this research is to determine the role of variations of the PLIN gene (PLN4 11482 G>A) as a risk factor for component of metabolic syndrome.
METHODS: This study involved a total of 160 subjects consisting of 80 with metabolic syndrome and 80 controls. Genotype analysis was done with the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method. The data were analyzed with t-tests to compare the subjects’ characteristics between metabolic syndrome groups and controls. Risk factors of PLIN genotypes were calculated with odds ratio and multivariate regression analysis was used to determine the role of the PLIN gene with each biochemical characteristic.
RESULTS: The result was significant differences between the characteristics of the metabolic syndrome subjects with controls (p < 0.05). There was no difference in genotypes between patients with metabolic syndrome and controls. The multivariate analysis of the genetic role with biochemical components showed the PLIN gene in AA carriers as a risk factor for metabolic syndrome compare GA+GG, risk of obesity, and hypercholesterolemia with p < 0.05.
CONCLUSION: It can be concluded that PLIN variation has a role in the incidence of metabolic syndrome, especially in relation to obesity and hypercholesterolemia. Further study is needed to determine the role of other gene variations as a risk factor for metabolic syndrome.
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FABP2 Ala54Thr Polymorphism and Post-Training Changes of Body Composition and Biochemical Parameters in Caucasian Women. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12070954. [PMID: 34206471 PMCID: PMC8305881 DOI: 10.3390/genes12070954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The functional FABP2 Ala54Thr polymorphism (rs1799883) is strongly associated with lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, although the function of its potential modifying effect on training-induced changes in obesity-related parameters is still unknown. The aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of the Ala54Thr polymorphism on post-training changes of selected body mass and body composition measurements, as well as with biochemical parameters of energy metabolism. Accordingly, alleles and genotypes distribution in a group of 168 young, nonobese Caucasian women measured for chosen body composition parameters, lipid profile, and glucose levels before and after the completion of a 12-week aerobic training program were studied. Although the obtained results showed changes in body mass, BMI, FM, %FM, FFM, TBW, HDL-C, and glucose levels during the training program, none of the examined parameters changed significantly across the FABP2 genotypes. Instead, we found a main effect of genotype on BMI (p = 0.033), with carriers of the Thr54 allele having a higher BMI during the whole study period compared with the Ala54 carriers. We confirm that the FABP2 Ala54Thr polymorphism may help identify women at risk for overweight and obesity. However, we did not notice evidence of an interaction between physical activity and the Ala54Thr polymorphism on the examined parameters.
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Alharbi KK, Alshammary AF, Aljabri OS, Ali Khan I. Relationship Between Serum Amyloid A1 ( SAA1) Gene Polymorphisms Studies with Obesity in the Saudi Population. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2021; 14:895-900. [PMID: 33688224 PMCID: PMC7935349 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s294948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Limited studies have shown positive and negative associations of serum amylase A1 (SAA1) gene in childhood obesity, previously showed the relation with obesity in different ethnicity. The current study therefore investigated the impact of single nucleotide polymorphisms present in the SAA1 gene on subjects of Saudi obesity. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS In this case-control study, we selected 140 subjects of Saudi population and categorized them into 83 cases of obesity and 57 healthy controls. Genotyping was performed with quantitative/real time-polymerase chain reaction in the SAA1 gene for rs11603089A/G, rs4638289A/T and rs7131332A/G polymorphisms. RESULTS In rs11603089 polymorphism, co-dominant model (AG vs AA+GG; OR-2.23 [95% CI:1.02-4.86]; p=0.04) and rs4638289 polymorphism, a disparity in significance was observed between the homozygous variant (TT vs AA; OR-16.8 [95% CI: 2.06-136.8]; p=0.0009), dominant model (AT+TT vs AA; OR-2.57 [95% CI: 1.28-5.19]; p=0.007), recessive model (TT vs AA+AT; OR-11.36 [95% CI: 1.45-89.06]; p=0.004) and allelic frequency for (T vs A: OR-2.35 [95% CI: 1.39-3.98]; p=0.001) between the obesity cases and control subjects. However, statistical correlations did not reveal the rs7131332A/G polymorphism either (p>0.05). CONCLUSION In conclusion, rs4638289 polymorphism was associated with risk allele and dominant model with obesity subjects. Further additional studies were warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Khalaf Alharbi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal F Alshammary
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar Sammar Aljabri
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Imran Ali Khan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: Imran Ali Khan Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, PO Box-10219, Riyadh, 11433, Kingdom of Saudi ArabiaTel +966501112806Fax +966114693851 Email
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Vettori A, Paolacci S, Maltese PE, Herbst KL, Cestari M, Michelini S, Michelini S, Samaja M, Bertelli M. Genetic Determinants of the Effects of Training on Muscle and Adipose Tissue Homeostasis in Obesity Associated with Lymphedema. Lymphat Res Biol 2020; 19:322-333. [PMID: 33373545 DOI: 10.1089/lrb.2020.0057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
It is widely accepted that metabolic changes associated with training are influenced by a person's genetic background. In this review, we explore the polymorphisms underlying interindividual variability in response to training of weight loss and muscle mass increase in obese individuals, with or without lymphedema, and in normal-weight subjects. We searched PubMed for articles in English published up to May 2019 using the following keywords: (((physical training[Title/Abstract] OR sport activity[Title/Abstract]) AND predisposition[Title/Abstract]) AND polymorphism [Title/Abstract]). We identified 38 single-nucleotide polymorphisms that may modulate the genetic adaptive response to training. The identification of genetic marker(s) that improve the beneficial effects of training may in perspective make it possible to assess training programs, which in combination with dietary intervention can optimize body weight reduction in obese subjects, with or without lymphedema. This is particularly important for patients with lymphedema because obesity can worsen the clinical status, and therefore, a personalized approach that could reduce obesity would be fundamental in the clinical management of lymphedema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Vettori
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | | | - Karen L Herbst
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.,Department of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.,Department of Medical Imaging, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.,Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Marina Cestari
- Study Centre Pianeta Linfedema, Terni, Italy.,Lymphology Sector of the Rehabilitation Service, USLUmbria2, Terni, Italy
| | - Sandro Michelini
- Department of Vascular Rehabilitation, San Giovanni Battista Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Serena Michelini
- Unit of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Sant'Andrea Hospital, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Michele Samaja
- Department of Health Science, University of Milan-San Paolo Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Bertelli
- MAGI'S Lab, Rovereto, Italy.,MAGI Euregio, Bolzano, Italy.,EBTNA-LAB, Rovereto, Italy
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Corrêa TAF, Quintanilha BJ, Norde MM, Pinhel MADS, Nonino CB, Rogero MM. Nutritional genomics, inflammation and obesity. ARCHIVES OF ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM 2020; 64:205-222. [PMID: 32555987 PMCID: PMC10522224 DOI: 10.20945/2359-3997000000255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The Human Genome Project has significantly broadened our understanding of the molecular aspects regulating the homeostasis and the pathophysiology of different clinical conditions. Consequently, the field of nutrition has been strongly influenced by such improvements in knowledge - especially for determining how nutrients act at the molecular level in different conditions, such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. In this manner, characterizing how the genome influences the diet and vice-versa provides insights about the molecular mechanisms involved in chronic inflammation-related diseases. Therefore, the present review aims to discuss the potential application of Nutritional Genomics to modulate obesity-related inflammatory responses. Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2020;64(3):205-22.
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Affiliation(s)
- Telma Angelina Faraldo Corrêa
- Departamento de Alimentos e Nutrição ExperimentalFaculdade de Ciências FarmacêuticasUniversidade de São PauloSão PauloSPBrasil Departamento de Alimentos e Nutrição Experimental , Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas , Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo , SP , Brasil
- Centro de Pesquisa em AlimentosCentros de Pesquisa, Inovação e DifusãoFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São PauloSão PauloSPBrasil Centro de Pesquisa em Alimentos (FoRC), Centros de Pesquisa, Inovação e Difusão (Cepid), Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (Fapesp), São Paulo , SP , Brasil
| | - Bruna Jardim Quintanilha
- Centro de Pesquisa em AlimentosCentros de Pesquisa, Inovação e DifusãoFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São PauloSão PauloSPBrasil Centro de Pesquisa em Alimentos (FoRC), Centros de Pesquisa, Inovação e Difusão (Cepid), Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (Fapesp), São Paulo , SP , Brasil
- Departamento de NutriçãoFaculdade de Saúde PúblicaUniversidade de São PauloSão PauloSPBrasil Laboratório de Genômica Nutricional e Inflamação, Departamento de Nutrição , Faculdade de Saúde Pública , Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo , SP , Brasil
| | - Marina Maintinguer Norde
- Departamento de NutriçãoFaculdade de Saúde PúblicaUniversidade de São PauloSão PauloSPBrasil Laboratório de Genômica Nutricional e Inflamação, Departamento de Nutrição , Faculdade de Saúde Pública , Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo , SP , Brasil
| | - Marcela Augusta de Souza Pinhel
- Departamento de Medicina InternaFaculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão PretoUniversidade de São PauloRibeirão PretoSPBrasil Departamento de Medicina Interna , Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto , Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto , SP , Brasil
- Departamento de Ciências da SaúdeFaculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão PretoUniversidade de São PauloRibeirão PretoSPBrasil Departamento de Ciências da Saúde , Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto , Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto , SP , Brasil
| | - Carla Barbosa Nonino
- Departamento de Medicina InternaFaculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão PretoUniversidade de São PauloRibeirão PretoSPBrasil Departamento de Medicina Interna , Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto , Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto , SP , Brasil
- Departamento de Ciências da SaúdeFaculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão PretoUniversidade de São PauloRibeirão PretoSPBrasil Departamento de Ciências da Saúde , Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto , Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto , SP , Brasil
| | - Marcelo Macedo Rogero
- Centro de Pesquisa em AlimentosCentros de Pesquisa, Inovação e DifusãoFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São PauloSão PauloSPBrasil Centro de Pesquisa em Alimentos (FoRC), Centros de Pesquisa, Inovação e Difusão (Cepid), Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (Fapesp), São Paulo , SP , Brasil
- Departamento de NutriçãoFaculdade de Saúde PúblicaUniversidade de São PauloSão PauloSPBrasil Laboratório de Genômica Nutricional e Inflamação, Departamento de Nutrição , Faculdade de Saúde Pública , Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo , SP , Brasil
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Tan PY, Mitra SR. The Combined Effect of Polygenic Risk from FTO and ADRB2 Gene Variants, Odds of Obesity, and Post-Hipcref Diet Differences. Lifestyle Genom 2020; 13:84-98. [PMID: 32101872 DOI: 10.1159/000505662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Computing polygenic risk scores (PRS) to predict the degree of risk for obesity may contribute to weight management programs strategically. OBJECTIVES To investigate the combined effect of FTO rs9930501, rs9930506, and rs9932754 and ADRB2 rs1042713 and rs1042714 using PRS on (1) the odds of obesity and (2) post-intervention differences in dietary, anthropometric, and cardiometabolic parameters in response to high-protein calorie-restricted, high-vitamin E, high-fiber (Hipcref) diet intervention in Malaysian adults. METHODS Both a cross-sectional study (n = 178) and a randomized controlled trial (RCT) (n = 128) were conducted to test the aforementioned objectives. PRS was computed as the weighted sum of the risk alleles possessed by each individual participant. Participants were stratified into first (PRS 0-0.64), second (PRS 0.65-3.59), and third (PRS 3.60-8.18) tertiles. RESULTS The third tertile of PRS was associated with significantly higher odds of obesity: 2.29 (95% CI = 1.11-4.72, adjusted p = 0.025) compared to the first tertile. Indians (3.9 ± 0.3) had significantly higher PRS compared to Chinese (2.1 ± 0.4) (p = 0.010). In the RCT, a greater reduction in high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels was found in second and third tertiles after Hipcref diet intervention compared to the control diet (p interaction = 0.048). CONCLUSION Higher PRS was significantly associated with increased odds of obesity. Individuals with higher PRS had a significantly greater reduction in hsCRP levels after Hipcref diet compared to the control diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pui Yee Tan
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Malaysia
| | - Soma Roy Mitra
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Malaysia,
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Tan P, Mitra S, Amini F. Lifestyle Interventions for Weight Control Modified by Genetic Variation: A Review of the Evidence. Public Health Genomics 2019; 21:169-185. [DOI: 10.1159/000499854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Arena R, Ozemek C, Laddu D, Campbell T, Rouleau CR, Standley R, Bond S, Abril EP, Hills AP, Lavie CJ. Applying Precision Medicine to Healthy Living for the Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease. Curr Probl Cardiol 2018; 43:448-483. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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10
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Milano-Gai GE, Furtado-Alle L, Mota J, Lazarotto L, Milano GE, de Souza Lehtonen RR, Titski ACK, Jesus ÍC, Tureck LV, Radominski RB, Coelho-E-Silva MJ, Leite N. 12-Week aerobic exercise and nutritional program minimized the presence of the 64Arg allele on insulin resistance. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2018; 31:1033-1042. [PMID: 30721144 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2018-0066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of the study was to investigate the response of 64Arg allele carriers of the ADRB3 gene (Trp64Arg polymorphism) in the anthropometric, cardiorespiratory and metabolic variables in overweight adolescents after a 12-week aerobic exercise and nutritional program. METHODS A total of 92 overweight adolescents, 10-16 years old and of both genders, participated. Body composition, waist circumference (WC), pubertal stage status, blood pressure, glucose, insulin and lipid profile and direct maximal oxygen uptake were assessed at baseline and after 12 weeks of a training program. The homeostasis metabolic assessments [homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR)] and quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) were determined and the Trp64Arg polymorphism of the ADRB3 gene was investigated by Taqman single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping assays. Exercise sessions consisted of 100-min aerobic exercise and 20-min stretching, 3 times a week, totalizing 36 sessions. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA), analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and effect size were used for variables, with p<0.05 considered significant. RESULTS In baseline, HOMA-IR was higher in carriers of the 64Arg allele and decreased more after 12 weeks than in non-carriers (p=0.01). The anthropometric, physical fitness and metabolic profiles had similar responses after training in carriers and non-carriers. CONCLUSIONS Overweight adolescents present changes in body composition and physical fitness, independent of Trp64Arg genotypes. However, a 12-week aerobic exercise and nutritional program promoted greater reductions in insulin resistance in carriers of the 64Arg allele.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerusa E Milano-Gai
- Physical Education Department, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | | | - Jorge Mota
- Ciafel, Porto University, Porto, Portugal
| | - Leilane Lazarotto
- Physical Education Department, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Gisele E Milano
- Physical Education Department, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | | | - Ana C K Titski
- Physical Education Department, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil.,Ciafel, Porto University, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Íncare C Jesus
- Physical Education Department, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Luciane V Tureck
- Genetic Department, Federal University of Technology, Ponta Grossa, Brazil
| | | | | | - Neiva Leite
- Physical Education Department, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil.,Ciafel, Porto University, Curitiba, Brazil, Phone/Fax: +55 41 3360 4326
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11
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Jesus ÍCD, Alle LF, Munhoz EC, Silva LRD, Lopes WA, Tureck LV, Purim KSM, Titski ACK, Leite N. Trp64Arg polymorphism of the ADRB3 gene associated with maximal fat oxidation and LDL-C levels in non-obese adolescents. J Pediatr (Rio J) 2018; 94:425-431. [PMID: 28941386 DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2017.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the association between the Trp64Arg polymorphism of the ADRB3 gene, maximal fat oxidation rates and the lipid profile levels in non-obese adolescents. METHODS 72 schoolchildren, of both genders, aged between 11 and 17 years, participated in the study. The anthropometric and body composition variables, in addition to total cholesterol, HDL-c, LDL-c, triglycerides, insulin, and basal glycemia, were evaluated. The sample was divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of the polymorphism: non-carriers of the Arg64 allele, i.e., homozygous (Trp64Trp: n=54), and carriers of the Arg64 allele (Trp64Arg+Arg64Arg: n=18), in which the frequency of the Arg64 allele was 15.2%. The maximal oxygen uptake and peak of oxygen uptake during exercise were obtained through the symptom-limited, submaximal treadmill test. Maximal fat oxidation was determined according to the ventilatory ratio proposed in Lusk's table. RESULTS Adolescents carrying the less frequent allele (Trp64Arg and Arg64Arg) had higher LDL-c levels (p=0.031) and lower maximal fat oxidation rates (p=0.038) when compared with non-carriers (Trp64Trp). CONCLUSIONS Although the physiological processes related to lipolysis and lipid metabolism are complex, the presence of the Arg 64 allele was associated with lower rates of FATMAX during aerobic exercise, as well as with higher levels of LDL-c in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Íncare Correa de Jesus
- Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Departamento de Educação Física, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
| | - Lupe Furtado Alle
- Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Departamento de Genética, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Eva Cantalejo Munhoz
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Departamento de Medicina, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Larissa Rosa da Silva
- Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Departamento de Educação Física, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Wendell Arthur Lopes
- Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM), Departamento de Educação Física, Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Luciane Viater Tureck
- Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Departamento de Genética, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Claudia Kapp Titski
- Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Departamento de Educação Física, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Neiva Leite
- Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Departamento de Educação Física, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
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Jesus ÍCD, Alle LF, Munhoz EC, Silva LRD, Lopes WA, Tureck LV, Purim KSM, Titski ACK, Leite N. Trp64Arg polymorphism of the ADRB3 gene associated with maximal fat oxidation and LDL‐C levels in non‐obese adolescents. JORNAL DE PEDIATRIA (VERSÃO EM PORTUGUÊS) 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedp.2017.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
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UCP2 and PLIN1 Expression Affects the Resting Metabolic Rate and Weight Loss on Obese Patients. Obes Surg 2016; 27:343-348. [DOI: 10.1007/s11695-016-2275-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Leońska-Duniec A, Ahmetov II, Zmijewski P. Genetic variants influencing effectiveness of exercise training programmes in obesity - an overview of human studies. Biol Sport 2016; 33:207-14. [PMID: 27601774 PMCID: PMC4993135 DOI: 10.5604/20831862.1201052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2015] [Revised: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Frequent and regular physical activity has significant benefits for health, including improvement of body composition and help in weight control. Consequently, promoting training programmes, particularly in those who are genetically predisposed, is a significant step towards controlling the presently increasing epidemic of obesity. Although the physiological responses of the human body to exercise are quite well described, the genetic background of these reactions still remains mostly unknown. This review not only summarizes the current evidence, through a literature review and the results of our studies on the influence of gene variants on the characteristics and range of the body's adaptive response to training, but also explores research organization problems, future trends, and possibilities. We describe the most reliable candidate genetic markers that are involved in energy balance pathways and body composition changes in response to training programmes, such as FTO, MC4R, ACE, PPARG, LEP, LEPR, ADRB2, and ADRB3. This knowledge can have an enormous impact not only on individualization of exercise programmes to make them more efficient and safer, but also on improved recovery, traumatology, medical care, diet, supplementation and many other areas. Nevertheless, the current studies still represent only the first steps towards a better understanding of the genetic factors that influence obesity-related traits, as well as gene variant x physical activity interactions, so further research is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Leońska-Duniec
- Faculty of Physical Culture and Health Promotion, University of Szczecin, Poland; Faculty of Tourism and Recreation, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, Poland
| | - I I Ahmetov
- Sport Technology Research Center, Volga Region State Academy of Physical Culture, Sport and Tourism, Kazan, Russia; Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Kazan State Medical University, Kazan, Russia
| | - P Zmijewski
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Sport, Warsaw, Poland
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Nicoletti CF, de Oliveira APRP, Brochado MJF, de Oliveira BP, Pinhel MADS, Marchini JS, dos Santos JE, Salgado Junior W, Silva Junior WA, Nonino CB. UCP1 -3826 A>G polymorphism affects weight, fat mass, and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in grade III obese patients. Nutrition 2016; 32:83-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2015.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Revised: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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16
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Sakane N, Sato J, Tsushita K, Tsujii S, Kotani K, Tominaga M, Kawazu S, Sato Y, Usui T, Kamae I, Yoshida T, Kiyohara Y, Sato S, Tsuzaki K, Takahashi K, Kuzuya H. Effects of lifestyle intervention on weight and metabolic parameters in patients with impaired glucose tolerance related to beta-3 adrenergic receptor gene polymorphism Trp64Arg(C/T): Results from the Japan Diabetes Prevention Program. J Diabetes Investig 2015; 7:338-42. [PMID: 27330719 PMCID: PMC4847887 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.12426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Revised: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The beta‐3 adrenergic receptor (ADRB3), primarily expressed in adipose tissue, is involved in the regulation of energy metabolism. The present study hypothesized that ADRB3 (Trp64Arg, rs4994) polymorphisms modulate the effects of lifestyle intervention on weight and metabolic parameters in patients with impaired glucose tolerance. Data were analyzed from 112 patients with impaired glucose tolerance in the Japan Diabetes Prevention Program, a lifestyle intervention trial, randomized to either an intensive lifestyle intervention group or usual care group. Changes in weight and metabolic parameters were measured after the 6‐month intervention. The ADRB3 polymorphisms were determined using the polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism method. Non‐carriers showed a greater weight reduction compared with the carriers in both the lifestyle intervention group and usual care group, and a greater increase of high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol levels than the carriers only in the lifestyle intervention group. ADRB3 polymorphisms could influence the effects of lifestyle interventions on weight and lipid parameters in impaired glucose tolerance patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Sakane
- Division of Preventive Medicine Clinical Research Institute National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center Kyoto Japan
| | - Juichi Sato
- Department of General Medicine/Family & Community Medicine Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine Nagoya Japan
| | - Kazuyo Tsushita
- Comprehensive Health Science Center Aichi Health Promotion Foundation Higashiura-cho Aichi Japan
| | - Satoru Tsujii
- Diabetes Center Tenri Yorozu-sodansho Hospital Tenri Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Kotani
- Division of Preventive Medicine Clinical Research Institute National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center Kyoto Japan; Division of Community and Family Medicine Jichi Medical University Tochigi Japan
| | - Makoto Tominaga
- Division of Internal Medicine Hananoie Hospital Tochigi Japan
| | - Shoji Kawazu
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolism The Institute for Adult Diseases Asahi Life Foundation Tokyo Japan
| | - Yuzo Sato
- The Graduate Center of Human Science Aichi Mizuho College Nagoya Japan
| | - Takeshi Usui
- Division of Endocrinology Clinical Research Institute National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center Kyoto Japan
| | - Isao Kamae
- Graduate School of Public Policy The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
| | | | - Yutaka Kiyohara
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyusyu University Fukuoka Japan
| | - Shigeaki Sato
- Hirakata General Hospital for Developmental Disorders Hirakata Osaka Japan
| | - Kokoro Tsuzaki
- Division of Preventive Medicine Clinical Research Institute National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center Kyoto Japan
| | - Kaoru Takahashi
- Division of Preventive Medicine Clinical Research Institute National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center Kyoto Japan; Hyogo Health Service Association Hyogo Japan
| | - Hideshi Kuzuya
- Division of Preventive Medicine Clinical Research Institute National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center Kyoto Japan; Takeda Hospital Kyoto Japan
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Luglio HF, Sulistyoningrum DC, Susilowati R. The role of genes involved in lipolysis on weight loss program in overweight and obese individuals. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2015; 57:91-7. [PMID: 26388665 PMCID: PMC4566022 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.14-117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability of obese people to reduce weight in the same treatment varied. Genetic make up as well as the behavioral changes are important for the successfulness of the program. One of the most proposed genetic variations that have been reported in many intervention studies was genes that control lipolysis process. This review summarizes studies that were done showing the influence of genetic polymorphisms in lipolysis pathway and weight loss in a weight loss treatment program. Some studies had shown that certain enzymes involved in this process were related to successfulness of weight loss program. Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) in PLIN (11482G>A) and ADRB3 (Trp64Arg) are the most studied polymorphisms that have effect on weight loss intervention. However, those studies were not conclusive because of limited number of subjects used and controversies in the results. Thus, replication and confirmation on the role of those genes in weight loss are important due to their potential to be used as predictors of the results of the program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harry Freitag Luglio
- Department of Health Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Farmako, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Dian Caturini Sulistyoningrum
- Department of Health Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Farmako, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Rina Susilowati
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Farmako, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
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Goni L, Cuervo M, Milagro FI, Martínez JA. Gene-Gene Interplay and Gene-Diet Interactions Involving the MTNR1B rs10830963 Variant with Body Weight Loss. JOURNAL OF NUTRIGENETICS AND NUTRIGENOMICS 2015; 7:232-42. [PMID: 25870980 DOI: 10.1159/000380951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Investigation of the genetic makeup may facilitate the implementation of more personalized nutritional interventions. The aims were to examine whether the rs10830963 MTNR1B polymorphism affects weight loss in response to a hypocaloric diet and to find potential gene-gene interplays and gene-diet interactions. METHODS 167 subjects enrolled in a personalized nutritional intervention for weight loss (3-6 weeks) were examined for anthropometric measurements, dietary habits and physical activity at baseline and at the first follow-up visit. Three polymorphisms, which have previously been associated with body weight regulation, rs10830963 (MTNR1B), rs9939609 (FTO) and rs17782313 (MC4R), were analyzed using the Luminex® 100/200™ System. RESULTS After adjusting for covariates, females with the rs10830963 CG/GG genotype showed lower weight loss than those with the CC genotype. In the total population, carriers of variant alleles of both FTO and MC4R showed a significant association with MTNR1B and weight loss outcome. Moreover, among women, higher total protein and animal protein intakes were associated with a lower weight loss in G allele carriers of the MTNR1B variant. CONCLUSIONS Our data evidenced that rs10830963 MTNR1B polymorphism could be associated with individual differences in weight loss induced by a hypocaloric diet. This association was influenced by FTO and MC4R loci and modified by baseline protein intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Goni
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
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Baseline characteristics associated with different BMI trajectories in weight loss trials: a case for better targeting of interventions. Eur J Clin Nutr 2015; 70:207-11. [PMID: 25828627 DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2015.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Revised: 02/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Dietary weight loss interventions have heterogeneous outcomes in long-term studies, with many participants regaining part or all of the lost weight. Growth mixture modelling is a novel analytic approach that can be used to identify different trajectories of weight change during a trial rather than focussing on the total amount of weight lost. SUBJECTS/METHODS Data were pooled from two 12-month dietary weight loss studies where no significant difference was detected between the treatment and control arms, thus allowing analysis independent of treatment. The data set included 231 subjects (74.5% female), with a mean weight loss of 6.40 kg (4.96). Growth mixture models were used to identify participants with similar trajectories of change in body mass index (BMI). RESULTS Three subgroups were identified. A rapid and continuing BMI loss over the study period (rapid, n=53), a rapid initial weight loss in the first 3 months with a slowing rate over the remaining 9 months (maintainers, n=146) and those with an initial loss trajectory, which slowed and began to increase at 9 months (recidivists, n=53). Age (s.d.) and BMI (s.d.) were significantly different between the three groups (rapid 53 years (7), 28.99 kg/m(2) (3.30); maintainers 47 years (9), 30.90 kg/m(2) (2.95); recidivists 44 years (7), 34.84 kg/m(2) (1.92), both P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Older subjects with lower BMIs were more likely to have a rapid and continuing weight loss in a 1-year dietary-based weight loss intervention. Different interventional approaches may be necessary for different ages and baseline BMIs and stratification prior to randomisation may be necessary to prevent confounding in weight loss trials.
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Doo M, Kim Y. Obesity: interactions of genome and nutrients intake. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2015; 20:1-7. [PMID: 25866743 PMCID: PMC4391534 DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2015.20.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity has become one of the major public health problems all over the world. Recent novel eras of research are opening for the effective management of obesity though gene and nutrient intake interactions because the causes of obesity are complex and multifactorial. Through GWASs (genome-wide association studies) and genetic variations (SNPs, single nucleotide polymorphisms), as the genetic factors are likely to determine individuals’ obesity predisposition. The understanding of genetic approaches in nutritional sciences is referred as “nutrigenomics”. Nutrigenomics explores the interaction between genetic factors and dietary nutrient intake on various disease phenotypes such as obesity. Therefore, this novel approach might suggest a solution for the effective prevention and treatment of obesity through individual genetic profiles and help improve health conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miae Doo
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - Yangha Kim
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
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21
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Kaiser KA, Gadbury GL. Estimating the range of obesity treatment response variability in humans: methods and illustrations. Hum Hered 2013; 75:127-35. [PMID: 24081228 DOI: 10.1159/000351738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS The rising prevalence of human obesity worldwide has focused research on a variety of interventions that result in highly varied degrees of weight loss (WL). The advent of genomic testing has quantified estimates of both the contribution of genetic factors to the development of obesity as well as racial/ethnic variation of risk alleles across subpopulations. More recent studies have examined genetic associations with effectiveness of WL interventions, but to date are unable to explain a large proportion of the variance observed. METHODS We describe and provide two illustrations of statistical methods to estimate upper and lower bounds of WL treatment response heterogeneity (TRH) in the absence of genotypic data, using published summary statistics and a raw data set from WL studies. RESULTS Thirty-two studies had some evidence of a positive mean treatment effect with respect to the control intervention. Twelve of these 32 studies reported WL TRH. Of these 12, 3 demonstrated an estimated proportion of >5% of the sampled population having an outcome opposite the mean effect. In the raw data set, bounds estimations for change in waist circumference revealed tighter ranges in men than women. CONCLUSION Future studies may be able to take advantage of multiple approaches, including the method we describe, to identify and quantify the presence of TRH in studies of WL or related outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn A Kaiser
- Office of Energetics, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Ala., USA
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22
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Dietary Management and Genetic Predisposition. Curr Nutr Rep 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s13668-013-0050-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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23
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Obesity: Underlying Mechanisms and the Evolving Influence of Diet. Curr Nutr Rep 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s13668-012-0028-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Mutombo PB, Yamasaki M, Shiwaku K. UCP2 I/D modulated change in BMI during a lifestyle modification intervention study in Japanese subjects. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2012; 17:16-20. [PMID: 23101559 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2012.0229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Polymorphisms in uncoupling protein (UCP) genes have been strongly associated with energy expenditure and obesity. This study aimed at investigating the effects of UCP gene polymorphisms (UCP1 -3826A/G, UCP2A/V, UCP2 I/D, and UCP3 -55C/T) on change in body mass index (BMI) during a lifestyle modification program in Japanese subjects. RESULTS Intervention induced a significant decrease in energy intake (-8.6% ± 17.0%) and a significant increase in energy expenditure (7.7% ± 7.4%). As a result, participants experienced a significant decrease in their BMI of -1.8% ± 2.7%. In a multivariate regression analysis, only UCP2 D/I among the selected UCP gene polymorphisms was associated with a change in BMI independent of the effects of gender, age, baseline BMI, changes in energy intake, and expenditure. Further regression analysis revealed that, in contrast to the DD genotype group, the DI+II genotype group showed no significant association between weight loss and change in energy expenditure suggesting this polymorphism altered the effects of this parameter on change in BMI. CONCLUSION The study found UCP2 D/I to be associated with change in BMI by altering the effect of change in energy expenditure on change in BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- P B Mutombo
- Department of Environmental & Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University School of Medicine, Izumo, Japan
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Larsen LH, Angquist L, Vimaleswaran KS, Hager J, Viguerie N, Loos RJF, Handjieva-Darlenska T, Jebb SA, Kunesova M, Larsen TM, Martinez JA, Papadaki A, Pfeiffer AFH, van Baak MA, Sørensen TI, Holst C, Langin D, Astrup A, Saris WHM. Analyses of single nucleotide polymorphisms in selected nutrient-sensitive genes in weight-regain prevention: the DIOGENES study. Am J Clin Nutr 2012; 95:1254-60. [PMID: 22492381 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.111.016543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Differences in the interindividual response to dietary intervention could be modified by genetic variation in nutrient-sensitive genes. OBJECTIVE This study examined single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in presumed nutrient-sensitive candidate genes for obesity and obesity-related diseases for main and dietary interaction effects on weight, waist circumference, and fat mass regain over 6 mo. DESIGN In total, 742 participants who had lost ≥ 8% of their initial body weight were randomly assigned to follow 1 of 5 different ad libitum diets with different glycemic indexes and contents of dietary protein. The SNP main and SNP-diet interaction effects were analyzed by using linear regression models, corrected for multiple testing by using Bonferroni correction and evaluated by using quantile-quantile (Q-Q) plots. RESULTS After correction for multiple testing, none of the SNPs were significantly associated with weight, waist circumference, or fat mass regain. Q-Q plots showed that ALOX5AP rs4769873 showed a higher observed than predicted P value for the association with less waist circumference regain over 6 mo (-3.1 cm/allele; 95% CI: -4.6, -1.6; P/Bonferroni-corrected P = 0.000039/0.076), independently of diet. Additional associations were identified by using Q-Q plots for SNPs in ALOX5AP, TNF, and KCNJ11 for main effects; in LPL and TUB for glycemic index interaction effects on waist circumference regain; in GHRL, CCK, MLXIPL, and LEPR on weight; in PPARC1A, PCK2, ALOX5AP, PYY, and ADRB3 on waist circumference; and in PPARD, FABP1, PLAUR, and LPIN1 on fat mass regain for dietary protein interaction. CONCLUSION The observed effects of SNP-diet interactions on weight, waist, and fat mass regain suggest that genetic variation in nutrient-sensitive genes can modify the response to diet. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00390637.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lesli H Larsen
- Department of Human Nutrition, LIFE, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Laddu D, Dow C, Hingle M, Thomson C, Going S. A review of evidence-based strategies to treat obesity in adults. Nutr Clin Pract 2012; 26:512-25. [PMID: 21947634 DOI: 10.1177/0884533611418335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity, with its comorbidities, is a major public health problem. Population-based surveys estimate 2 of every 3 U.S. adults are overweight or obese. Despite billions of dollars spent annually on weight loss attempts, recidivism is high and long-term results are disappointing. In simplest terms, weight loss and maintenance depend on energy balance, and a combination of increased energy expenditure by exercise and decreased energy intake through caloric restriction is the mainstay of behavioral interventions. Many individuals successfully lose 5%-10% of body weight through behavioral approaches and thereby significantly improve health. Similar success occurs with some weight loss prescriptions, although evidence for successful weight loss with over-the-counter medications and supplements is weak. Commercial weight loss programs have helped many individuals achieve their goals, although few programs have been carefully evaluated and compared, limiting recommendations of one program over another. For the very obese, bariatric surgery is an option that leads to significant weight loss and improved health, although risks must be carefully weighed. Lifestyle changes, including regular physical activity, healthy food choices, and portion control, must be adopted, regardless of the weight loss approach, which requires ongoing support. Patients can best decide the appropriate approach working with a multidisciplinary team, including their health care provider and experts in nutrition, exercise, and behavioral intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Laddu
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721-0093, USA
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Nutrigenetics and Nutrigenomics of Caloric Restriction. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2012; 108:323-46. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-398397-8.00013-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Hernandez AJ. Artigos publicados em periódicos brasileiros de interesse para a medicina do exercício e do esporte: uma revisão. REV BRAS MED ESPORTE 2011. [DOI: 10.1590/s1517-86922011000100013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Esta nova série de 34 artigos tem por objetivo levar aos leitores nacionais e internacionais algumas das mais importantes contribuições recentes provenientes da literatura médica brasileira de outras especialidades. São trabalhos que podem oferecer suporte a muitas linhas de pesquisa nessa área. Os artigos originais mais relevantes são selecionados por experientes editores, a quem solicitamos a escolha das palavras-chave para que sejam destacadas a fim de chamar a atenção do leitor. Para facilitar a leitura, os artigos são organizados por área de interesse. Para aproveitar ao máximo o limitado espaço editorial, não são incluídos os nomes dos autores dos artigos. O resultado final traz o que há de melhor do artigo, segundo a opinião dos autores com sintética interpretação pessoal. Endereçado ao médico ocupado, esperamos que esta iniciativa possa contribuir para o sucesso da translação do conhecimento da evidência científica para a prática clínica e permita a localização rápida de trabalhos de interesse específico do leitor
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Silva MRE. The locomotor system as seen in Brazilian scientific journals: a mini review. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2010; 65:1379-82. [PMID: 21340230 PMCID: PMC3020352 DOI: 10.1590/s1807-59322010001200024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To make recent selected publications on the locomotor system available to the readership of Clinics. METHOD A general survey of articles published in selected Brazilian journals was inspected and 91 articles were critically analyzed. They were categorized and briefly described. A final summary of themes is reproduced here. RESULTS Papers fall into two main categories: articular and muscular pathology and therapeutics; medical sports. A number of papers are not classifiable under these headings. CONCLUSION The locomotor system has been extensively analyzed and discussed in the Brazilian scientific press in recent years. Not surprisingly, knee and ankle pathology, soccer and running are dominant themes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio Rocha E Silva
- Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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30
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Tyrovolas S, Panagiotakos DB. The role of Mediterranean type of diet on the development of cancer and cardiovascular disease, in the elderly: a systematic review. Maturitas 2009; 65:122-30. [PMID: 19656644 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2009.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2009] [Revised: 07/06/2009] [Accepted: 07/07/2009] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The proportion of elderly worldwide is increasing. This increase in life expectancy, is staggering posing tremendous challenges in disease burden, especially, in chronic diseases such as obesity, diabetes, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, cancer and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Limited studies investigate the effect of Mediterranean diet on cardiovascular risk and cancer in older populations. In this review, findings from observational studies are summarized to evaluate the effect of Mediterranean diet on cancer and cardiovascular disease risk in elderly people. METHODS Published results from observational studies that assessed food habits on cancer and cardiovascular disease risk in elderly were retrieved and summarized. RESULTS In all studies diet had an effect on cardiovascular disease risk. The Mediterranean diet, a high-quality diet and increased fruit and vegetable consumption were all found to be cardioprotective. CONCLUSION The systematically reviewed studies reveal that a high adherence to a Mediterranean type of diet or "prudent diet" is associated with reduced risk of CVD and some types of cancer, even in the elderly. Also dietary intervention strategies can prevent morbidity, premature mortality and improve quality of life in older persons worldwide.
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