1
|
Sahraei H, Mogheiseh A, Nazifi S, Divar M, Iraji F. Canine and feline foetal fluids: Volume, hormonal and biochemical characterization during pregnancy. Vet Med Sci 2024; 10:e1452. [PMID: 38654677 PMCID: PMC11040235 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.1452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate the volume, the concentration of steroid hormones, and biochemical composition of the foetal fluids at different gestational ages in dogs and cats. METHODS Following the ovariohysterectomy, the allantoic and amniotic fluid samples were collected from pregnant bitches and queens and were assigned to different groups according to their gestational age. RESULTS The canine and feline allantoic fluid volume increased during pregnancy, reached its maximum values on days 40-49 and then decreased. The canine and feline amniotic fluid volume increased steadily by the last days of pregnancy. In spite of significant changes of sex hormones in the foetal fluids, their concentration and ratios were not significantly different between male and female fetuses. The canine amniotic cortisol concentration increased until days 40-49 and decreased significantly afterwards. The maximum cortisol concentrations in the feline allantoic and amniotic fluids were observed on days 50-60 and 40-49, respectively. During the canine pregnancy, the concentrations of calcium, phosphorus, chloride, sodium, triglyceride, cholesterol, total protein, albumin and the activities of aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), amylase and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) in the amniotic fluid were higher than the allantoic fluid. The magnesium, potassium, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, creatine and lipase were higher in the allantoic fluid. In the feline allantoic fluid, potassium, magnesium, phosphorus, creatinine, albumin and glucose concentrations and the activities of creatine kinase (CK), GGT, LDH and lipase were higher. The ALP, AST activities, sodium and calcium concentrations were higher in the amniotic fluid (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Volume of foetal fluids was determined in dogs and cats. Concentration of sex hormones did not different between male and female fetuses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Sahraei
- Department of clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary MedicineShiraz UniversityShirazFarsIran
| | - Asghar Mogheiseh
- Department of clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary MedicineShiraz UniversityShirazFarsIran
| | - Saeed Nazifi
- Department of clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary MedicineShiraz UniversityShirazFarsIran
| | - Mohammad‐Reza Divar
- Department of clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary MedicineShiraz UniversityShirazFarsIran
| | - Fatemeh Iraji
- Department of clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary MedicineShiraz UniversityShirazFarsIran
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Püschl IC, Thaneswaran Vyramuthu M, Bonde L, Lebech M, Iraqi Møller H, Vauvert F Hviid T, Lund Sørensen B, Macklon NS. Is salivary uric acid, a putative biomarker of pre-eclampsia, of maternal, placental, or fetal origin? Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2024; 295:34-41. [PMID: 38330864 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2024.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Increased salivary uric acid (sUA) represents a potential biomarker predictive of pre-eclampsia (PE), but its origin is unclear. The study explores whether sUA levels reflect maternal or feto-placental physiological stress and whether sUA levels in these cases correlate with amniotic fluid (fetal origin), maternal blood (maternal origin), or cord blood (fetal vs placental origin). STUDY DESIGN Pregnant women (n = 39) undergoing amniotomy or caesarean section after 34 gestational weeks were designated into three groups of either maternal, feto-placental, or no signs of physiological stress: women (n = 15) in the established first phase of active labour and without any signs of fetal growth restriction (FGR) or PE were assigned to the maternal stress group, women (n = 6) with an ultrasound-based diagnosis of FGR, with or without PE, were assigned to the feto-placental stress group, and women (n = 18) not yet in active labour and without any signs of FGR or PE, were assigned to the control group. Uric acid levels in corresponding samples of amniotic fluid, saliva, maternal blood, and cord blood were compared between groups and between body compartments within each group. RESULTS The feto-placental stress group showed increased UA levels in saliva (median, interquartile range [IQR]: 0.47 [0.38] mmol/L, P = 0.023) and maternal blood (0.42 [0.13] mmol/L, P = 0.032), but no differences in amniotic fluid or cord blood compared with the other groups. Within the control and maternal stress group, sUA levels were lower compared with maternal blood (0.20 [0.08] vs 0.25 [0.08] mmol/L, Pcontrol = 0.018; 0.20 [0.06] vs 0.26 [0.08] mmol/L, Pmaternal = 0.001) and highest in amniotic fluid (control group (0.49 [0.18] mmol/L): Pmaternal,blood = 0.001, Pumbilical,artery = <0.001, Pumbilical,vein = <0.001, Psaliva = <0.001) (maternal stress group (0.56 [0.23] mmol/L): Pmaternal,blood = 0.021, Pumbilical,artery = 0.006, Pumbilical,vein = 0.004, Psaliva = 0.003). Levels did not differ between compartments in the feto-placental stress group. CONCLUSIONS Salivary and maternal blood UA levels were increased in the feto-placental stress group with salivary levels increasing more than blood levels compared with the maternal stress and control groups, whilst UA in amniotic fluid were not different between the groups, suggesting a placental origin and potential use of sUA as a biomarker of placental dysfunction, including FGR and severe PE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ida Catharina Püschl
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and ReproHealth Research Consortium, Zealand University Hospital, Sygehusvej 10, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark.
| | - Meera Thaneswaran Vyramuthu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and ReproHealth Research Consortium, Zealand University Hospital, Sygehusvej 10, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Lisbeth Bonde
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Juliane Marie Centre, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Morten Lebech
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and ReproHealth Research Consortium, Zealand University Hospital, Sygehusvej 10, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Hiba Iraqi Møller
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Biochemistry and ReproHealth Research Consortium, Zealand University Hospital, Sygehusvej 10, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Thomas Vauvert F Hviid
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Biochemistry and ReproHealth Research Consortium, Zealand University Hospital, Sygehusvej 10, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Bjarke Lund Sørensen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and ReproHealth Research Consortium, Zealand University Hospital, Sygehusvej 10, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Nicholas S Macklon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and ReproHealth Research Consortium, Zealand University Hospital, Sygehusvej 10, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark; London Women's Clinic, 113-115 Harley St, London W1G 6AP, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Huang N, Jiang H, Zhang Y, Sun X, Li Y, Wei Y, Yang J, Zhao Y. Amniotic fluid metabolic fingerprinting contributes to shaping the unfavourable intrauterine environment in monochorionic diamniotic twins. Clin Nutr 2024; 43:111-123. [PMID: 38035859 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2023.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Amniotic fluid (AF) is the primary intrauterine environment for fetal growth throughout gestation. Selective fetal growth restriction (sFGR) is an adverse complication characterized by unequal growth in twins with nearly identical genetic makeup. However, the influence of AF-mediated intrauterine environment on the development and progression of sFGR remains unexplored. METHODS High-throughput targeted metabolomics analysis (G350) was performed on AF samples collected from sFGR (n = 18) and MCDA twins with birth weight concordance (MCDA-C, n = 20) cases. Weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) was used to identify clinical features that may influence the metabolite composition in AF. Subsequently, partial least-squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses were performed to compare the different types of sFGR and MCDA-C twins. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and multivariate ROC curves were utilized to explore potential AF markers in twins with sFGR. RESULTS In our study, 182 metabolites were quantified in 76 AF samples. WGCNA indicated that the metabolite composition in late AF may not be influenced by gestational age. PLSDA demonstrated distinct variations between the metabolite profiles of AF in the sFGR and MCDA-C twins, with a significant emphasis on amino acids as the primary differential metabolite. The dissimilarities observed in sFGR twins were predominantly attributed to lipid metabolism-related metabolites. In particular, the KEGG enrichment metabolic pathway analysis revealed significant associations of both types of sFGR twins with central carbon metabolism in cancer. The multivariate ROC curves indicated that the combination of carnosine, sarcosine, l-alanine, beta-alanine, and alpha-n-phenylacetylglutamine significantly improved the AUC to 0.928. Notably, the ROC curves highlighted creatine (AUC:0.934) may be a potential biomarker for severe sFGR. CONCLUSION The data presented in this study offer a comprehensive metabolic map of the AF in cases of sFGR, shedding light on potential biomarkers associated with fetal growth and development in MCDA twins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nana Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, China; National Center for Healthcare Quality Management in Obstetrics, Beijing, China
| | - Hai Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, China; National Center for Healthcare Quality Management in Obstetrics, Beijing, China
| | - Youzhen Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, China; National Center for Healthcare Quality Management in Obstetrics, Beijing, China
| | - Xiya Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, China; National Center for Healthcare Quality Management in Obstetrics, Beijing, China
| | - Yixin Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, China; National Center for Healthcare Quality Management in Obstetrics, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Wei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, China; National Center for Healthcare Quality Management in Obstetrics, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, China; National Center for Healthcare Quality Management in Obstetrics, Beijing, China.
| | - Yangyu Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China; National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, China; National Center for Healthcare Quality Management in Obstetrics, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ezuruike U, Blenkinsop A, Pansari A, Abduljalil K. Quantification of Fetal Renal Function Using Fetal Urine Production Rate and Its Reflection on the Amniotic and Fetal Creatinine Levels During Pregnancy. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:841495. [PMID: 35311050 PMCID: PMC8927781 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.841495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Adequate prediction of fetal exposure of drugs excreted by the kidney requires the incorporation of time-varying renal function parameters into a pharmacokinetic model. Published data on measurements of fetal urinary production rate (FUPR) and creatinine at various gestational ages were collected and integrated for prediction of the fetal glomerular filtration rate (GFR). The predicted GFR values were then compared to neonatal values recorded at birth. Collected data for FUPR across different gestational ages using both 3D (N = 517) and 2D (N = 845) ultrasound methods showed that 2D techniques yield significantly lower estimates of FUPR than 3D (p < 0.0001). A power law function was shown to best capture the change in FUPR with fetal age (FA) for both 2D ( F U P R 2 D ( m L min ) = 0 . 000169 FA 2 . 19 ); and 3D ( F U P R 3 D ( m L min ) = 3 . 21 × 1 0 - 7 FA 4 . 21 ) data. The predicted FUPR based on the observed 3D data was shown to be strongly linearly related (R 2 = 0.95) to measured values of amniotic creatinine concentration (N = 664). The FUPR3D data together with creatinine levels in the fetal urine and serum resulted in median predicted fetal GFR values of 0.47, 1.2, 2.5, and 4.9 ml/min at 23, 28, 33, and 38 weeks of fetal age (50% CV), respectively. These values are in good agreement with neonatal values observed immediately at birth. The derived FUPR and creatinine functions can be utilized to assess fetal renal maturation and predict fetal renal clearance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Amita Pansari
- Certara UK Limited (Simcyp Division), Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Okoye CN, Ugwu IA, Agina OA, Udeani IJ, Udoumoh AF, Ihedioha JI. Changes in the morphometry of the uterus, ovary, and foetus, and biochemistry of allantoic and amniotic membrane fluids of Yankasa ewes across the gestation period. Trop Anim Health Prod 2021; 53:375. [PMID: 34181121 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-021-02838-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the uterine and fetal morphometric changes and fetal membrane fluids biochemistry across the gestation of Yankasa sheep. The amniotic and allantoic fluids are actively involved in the constant physiologic exchange between the fetus and maternal circulation. Hence, the knowledge regarding changes in the composition of fetal membrane fluids is important for understanding fetal metabolism, and the diagnosis of pathophysiological conditions during gestation. Gravid uteri from 37 ewes and their corresponding ovaries were sampled. The number and size of the placentomes in the second and third terms of gestation were significantly higher relative to the first term. The total protein, albumin, glucose, urea, creatinine, and calcium levels as well as alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities were higher in the allantoic fluid. In the allantoic fluid, the levels of total protein, globulin, and the activity levels of ALT and AST increased progressively with the advancement of gestation; contrarily, the levels of calcium, chloride, and the activity level of ALT decreased. For the amniotic fluid, the levels of total protein, globulin, urea, calcium, and the enzyme activities in the second and third terms did not differ but were higher than the level in the first term of gestation. In addition, the most significant increases in creatinine level and white blood cell count were observed in the third term of gestation. Therefore, notable differences in the levels of ALT, AST, total proteins, glucose, urea, creatinine, and WBC counts were observed in the two fetal membrane fluids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chidozie N Okoye
- Department of Veterinary Obstetrics and Reproductive Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 410001, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - Izuchukwu A Ugwu
- Department of Veterinary Obstetrics and Reproductive Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 410001, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - Onyinyechukwu A Agina
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria.
| | - Ikechukwu J Udeani
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - Anietie F Udoumoh
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - John I Ihedioha
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Latheef F, Wahlgren H, Lilja HE, Diderholm B, Paulsson M. The Risk of Necrotizing Enterocolitis following the Administration of Hyperosmolar Enteral Medications to Extremely Preterm Infants. Neonatology 2021; 118:73-79. [PMID: 33567438 DOI: 10.1159/000513169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a disease predominantly affecting preterm infants. The administration of hyperosmolar solutions could lead to the development of NEC. The objective of this study was to measure the osmolality of enteral medications used in clinical practice and to assess the risk of NEC following exposure to hyperosmolar medications. METHODS A retrospective cohort study in extremely preterm infants (gestational age <28 weeks) born between 2010 and 2016 at a tertiary neonatal intensive care unit in Sweden. 465 infants were identified via the Swedish Neonatal Quality register. Data relating to enteral administrations received during a two-week period were collected from the medical records. The osmolalities of medications were measured using an osmometer. Logistic regression was used to calculate the odds ratio of developing NEC. RESULTS A total of 253 patients met the inclusion criteria. The osmolalities of 5 commonly used medications significantly exceeded the recommended limit of 450 mOsm/kg set by the American Academy of Paediatrics (AAP). Most patients (94%) received at least one hyperosmolar medication. No significant risk of developing NEC could be found. CONCLUSION The medications used in clinical practice can significantly exceed the limit set by the AAP. This study does not indicate an increased risk of developing NEC in extremely preterm infants following exposure to hyperosmolar medications. Further studies in larger cohorts are needed to determine the specific cut-off level of osmolality in relation to the pathogenesis of NEC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Faiza Latheef
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden, .,Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Region Västmanland, Västerås, Sweden,
| | - Hanna Wahlgren
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Barbro Diderholm
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mattias Paulsson
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bozkaya D, Korkmaz Toygar A, Turgal M, Ozyuncu O, Yigit S, Yurdakok M. Is chlorine and sodium levels in the amniotic fluid a new marker for fetal lung maturation and RDS severity? J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2020; 35:3998-4003. [PMID: 33231495 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2020.1846179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amniotic fluid (AF) is a dynamic liquid whose contents vary according to the needs of the fetus. Levels of the amniotic components have been used in numerous studies as potential biomarkers to screen pregnancy-related abnormalities. As a reflection of Na+ and Cl- levels of fetal lung fluid, amniotic fluid's Na+ and Cl- levels can be used as an indicator of lung maturation in the newborn period. This study aimed to investigate whether Na+ and Cl- levels in the amniotic fluid would be a new marker to determine the severity of respiratory distress and pulmonary maturation in the newborn. METHODS This prospective cohort study was conducted at Hacettepe University Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. One hundred twenty single infants who were delivered with the cesarean section between January 2015 and March 2016 were included. Na+ and Cl- levels were measured from AF. RESULTS There were 46 of 120 infants (33.3%) in Group-1 and 74 infants (66.7%) in Group-2. Na + and Cl- levels of the AF of Group-1 were higher than Group 2 and this was statistically significant (p < .001/p: .01, respectively). Na+ and Cl- levels of the AF were significantly higher in infants who needed surfactant (p < .001/p: .001, respectively). CONCLUSION Our results showed that Na+ and Cl- levels of the AF can be used as an indicator of infant lung maturation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Davut Bozkaya
- Department of Neonatology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ayse Korkmaz Toygar
- Department of Neonatology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mert Turgal
- Koç University School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Section of Perinatology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ozgur Ozyuncu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sule Yigit
- Department of Neonatology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Murat Yurdakok
- Department of Neonatology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Beachler TM, Scott Bailey C, Gracz HS, Morgan DR, Von Dollen KA, Ellis KE, Gadsby JE, Lyle SK. Metabolomic Profile of Allantoic and Amniotic Fluid in Late-term Gestational Mares Characterized by 1H-nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. J Equine Vet Sci 2020; 94:103235. [PMID: 33077068 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2020.103235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The amniotic and allantoic fluid compartments in the mare serve essential roles throughout pregnancy and parturition. Although the global metabolomic profile of amniotic fluid in women has been extensively characterized, current data for equine fetal fluids are limited. Therefore, the goal of this study was to characterize the global metabolomic profile of equine allantoic and amniotic fluid through nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Fetal fluids were collected between 270 and 295 days of gestation from 12 pregnancies through ultrasound-guided transabdominal puncture. A total of 24 samples (n = 10 allantoic fluid; n = 9 amniotic fluid; n = 5 admixed fluid) were analyzed by one-dimensional proton (1H) and two-dimensional (1H-13 C) nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Metabolites were integrated and compared between fluid types using a Kruskal-Wallis test at P < .05 significance. A total of 28 distinct metabolites were found in allantoic and admixed fluid, whereas 23 metabolites were identified in amniotic fluid. Allantoic fluid contained significant elevations (P < .05) in the metabolites betaine, creatine, creatinine, citrate, histidine, nitrophenol, tryptophan, π-methylhistidine, and unknown metabolite #1 compared with amniotic fluid, whereas amniotic fluid contained statistically increased concentrations of the metabolite lactate compared with allantoic fluid (P = .003).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Theresa M Beachler
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
| | - C Scott Bailey
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
| | - Hanna S Gracz
- Department of Biochemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
| | - Davic R Morgan
- Department of Biochemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
| | - Karen A Von Dollen
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
| | - Katey E Ellis
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
| | - John E Gadsby
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
| | - Sara K Lyle
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Malchi F, Abedi P, Jahanfar S, Talebi F, Faal S, Zahedian M. Vaginal Fluid Urea and Creatinine as Indicators of Premature Rupture of Membranes: a Systematic Review. Reprod Sci 2020; 28:1-11. [PMID: 32720249 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-020-00271-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to determine the diagnostic accuracy of vaginal urea and creatinine levels in the detection of premature rupture of membrane (PROM). The Cochrane (central), EMBASE, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched for studies published from the inception of the databases up to January 2020. We included published observational full-text articles. The mean differences (MD) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated. The significance level was set as 0.05. Eleven studies (n = 1324) were considered for meta-analysis. Using the bivariate model, the summary estimate of sensitivity and specificity for urea was 0.96 (95% CI: 0.86, 0.98) and 0.93 (95% CI: 0.83, 0.97), respectively. The summary estimate of sensitivity and specificity for creatinine was 0.98 (95% CI: 0.92, 0.99) and 0.97 (95% CI: 0.89, 0.99), respectively. The overall mean of urea and creatinine in the case group was significantly higher than that in the control group (MD = 12.63, 95%, CI [12.01, 13.25]) and (MD = 0.31, 95%, CI [0.29, 0.32]), respectively. The results of this systematic review showed that the mean of urea and creatinine in the case group was significantly higher than that in the control group and the sensitivity and specificity of creatinine is higher than urea in the diagnosis of PROM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Malchi
- Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Parvin Abedi
- Midwifery Department, Menopause Andropause Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Shayesteh Jahanfar
- School of Health Sciences-MPH Program Health Professions Building 2212, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, USA
| | - Forough Talebi
- Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahla Faal
- Department of Midwifery, Marand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marand, Iran
| | - Maryam Zahedian
- Nursing and Midwifery School, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Correia-Branco A, Rincon MP, Pereira LM, Wallingford MC. Inorganic Phosphate in the Pathogenesis of Pregnancy-Related Complications. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21155283. [PMID: 32722465 PMCID: PMC7432618 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Inorganic phosphate (Pi) is an essential nutrient that fulfills critical roles in human health. It enables skeletal ossification, supports cellular structure and organelle function, and serves key biochemical roles in energetics and molecular signaling. Pi homeostasis is modulated through diet, intestinal uptake, renal reabsorption, and mobilization of stores in bone and extracellular compartments. Disrupted Pi homeostasis is associated with phosphate wasting, mineral and bone disorders, and vascular calcification. Mechanisms of Pi homeostasis in pregnancy remain incompletely understood. The study presented herein examined biological fluid Pi characteristics over the course of gestation. Correlations with gestation age, pregnancy number, preterm birth, preeclampsia, diabetes mellitus, and placental calcification were evaluated during the last trimester. The results support that maternal urinary Pi levels increased during the third trimester of pregnancy. Reduced levels were observed with previous pregnancy. Amniotic fluid Pi levels decreased with gestation while low second trimester levels associated with preterm birth. No significant difference in urinary Pi levels was observed between preeclampsia and controls (8.50 ± 2.74 vs. 11.52 ± 2.90 mmol/L). Moreover, increased maternal urinary Pi was associated with preexisting diabetes mellitus in preeclampsia. Potential confounding factors in this study are maternal age at delivery and body mass index (BMI)—information which we do not have access to for this cohort. In conclusion, Pi levels provide clinical information regarding the pathogenesis of pregnancy-related complications, supporting that phosphate should be examined more closely and in larger populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Correia-Branco
- Mother Infant Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, 800 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111, USA;
| | - Monica P. Rincon
- Maternal Fetal Medicine, Oregon Health Science Center, Mailcode L-458, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97219, USA; (M.P.R.); (L.M.P.)
| | - Leonardo M. Pereira
- Maternal Fetal Medicine, Oregon Health Science Center, Mailcode L-458, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97219, USA; (M.P.R.); (L.M.P.)
| | - Mary C. Wallingford
- Mother Infant Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, 800 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-617-636-5982; Fax: +1-617-636-1469
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kehl D, Görtz S, Wang C, Hoerstrup SP, Bleul U, Weber B. Gestational Age-Dependent Fetal Fluid Dynamics in the Ovine Developmental Model: Establishment of Surrogate Markers for the Differentiation of Stem Cell Origin. Cells Tissues Organs 2019; 206:208-217. [PMID: 31079095 DOI: 10.1159/000499504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The ovine developmental model represents the standard in vivo model for studies involving maternofetal physiology, amniotic fluid (AF) research, and fetal cell therapy prior to human clinical use. Although being close to the human fetal anatomy, 2 separate extraembryonic fluid compartments remain during gestation, known as the amnion and the allantois. A clear distinction between AF versus allantoic fluid (AL) is therefore indispensable for correct scientific conclusions with regard to human translation. In the presented study, the biochemical composition of AF and AL was evaluated in ovine gravid uteri postmortem (n = 31) over the entire gestation. Four parameters, consisting of Na+, Cl-, Mg2+, and total protein, have been found to allow for specific discrimination of the 2 fetal fluids at all gestational phases and therefore as potential surrogate parameters for gestational age. In addition, volumetric changes of the developing fetus and the 2 fetal fluid cavities were analyzed by contrast-enhanced computed tomography (n = 12). AF showed a significant, linear volumetric increase over gestation, whereas AL volume maintained relatively static independent of gestational age. These results serve as a basis for future studies by providing surrogate markers enabling a reliable distinction of isolated fetal fluids and contained cells in the ovine developmental model over the entire gestation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Debora Kehl
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine (IREM), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sabrina Görtz
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine (IREM), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Craig Wang
- Department of Mathematics, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Simon P Hoerstrup
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine (IREM), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Center for Applied Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine (CABMM), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Wyss Zurich, University of Zurich, and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ulrich Bleul
- Clinic of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Farm Animals, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Benedikt Weber
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine (IREM), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, .,Center for Applied Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine (CABMM), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, .,Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, .,Skin and Endothelium Research Division (SERD), Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria,
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Rocha NP, Bastos FM, Vieira ÉL, Prestes TR, Silveira KDD, Teixeira MM, Simões e Silva AC. The protective arm of the renin‐angiotensin system may counteract the intense inflammatory process in fetuses with posterior urethral valves. JORNAL DE PEDIATRIA (VERSÃO EM PORTUGUÊS) 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedp.2018.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
|
13
|
Rocha NP, Bastos FM, Vieira ÉLM, Prestes TRR, Silveira KDD, Teixeira MM, Simões E Silva AC. The protective arm of the renin-angiotensin system may counteract the intense inflammatory process in fetuses with posterior urethral valves. J Pediatr (Rio J) 2019. [PMID: 29534877 DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Posterior urethral valve is the most common lower urinary tract obstruction in male children. A high percentage of patients with posterior urethral valve evolve to end-stage renal disease. Previous studies showed that cytokines, chemokines, and components of the renin-angiotensin system contribute to the renal damage in obstructive uropathies. The authors recently found that urine samples from fetuses with posterior urethral valve have increased levels of inflammatory molecules. The aim of this study was to measure renin-angiotensin system molecules and to investigate their correlation with previously detected inflammatory markers in the same urine samples of fetuses with posterior urethral valve. METHODS Urine samples from 24 fetuses with posterior urethral valve were collected and compared to those from 22 healthy male newborns at the same gestational age (controls). Renin-angiotensin system components levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Fetuses with posterior urethral valve presented increased urinary levels of angiotensin (Ang) I, Ang-(1-7) and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in comparison with controls. ACE levels were significantly reduced and Ang II levels were similar in fetuses with posterior urethral valve in comparison with controls. CONCLUSIONS Increased urinary levels of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and of Ang-(1-7) in fetuses with posterior urethral valve could represent a regulatory response to the intense inflammatory process triggered by posterior urethral valve.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia P Rocha
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Faculdade de Medicina, Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Investigação Médica (LIIM), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Fernando M Bastos
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Faculdade de Medicina, Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Investigação Médica (LIIM), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Hospital das Clínicas, Serviço de Medicina Fetal, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Érica L M Vieira
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Faculdade de Medicina, Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Investigação Médica (LIIM), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Thiago R R Prestes
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Faculdade de Medicina, Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Investigação Médica (LIIM), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Katia D da Silveira
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Faculdade de Medicina, Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Investigação Médica (LIIM), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Mauro M Teixeira
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Faculdade de Medicina, Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Investigação Médica (LIIM), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina Simões E Silva
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Faculdade de Medicina, Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Investigação Médica (LIIM), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Osmolality of a fortified human preterm milk: The effect of fortifier dosage, gestational age, lactation stage, and hospital practices. Arch Pediatr 2018; 25:411-415. [PMID: 30241780 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2018.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the dose-dependent effect of human milk fortifier (HMF) on the osmolality of various preterm human milks (PHMs) at different gestational and lactation stages, and with different storage and treatment conditions that are routinely used in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). STUDY DESIGN Twenty-four mothers who had given birth to their baby before 28 or between 29 and 31 weeks of pregnancy participated in the study after 1-2 weeks or 3-4 weeks breastfeeding after delivery. The study was a prospective, multicenter, comparative, and noninterventional study. Osmolality of fresh or pasteurized human milk stored at 4°C was measured (cryoscopy) at baseline, and 24hours after adding Suppletine® Human Milk fortifier (SHMF) at 3%, 4%, 4.5%, and 5% (w/v). RESULTS PHM without supplementation had an osmolality (mean±SD) of 301±8 mOsm/kgH2O (n=40; 95% CI: [298; 303]). Adding 3-5% SHMF induced a linear increase of osmolality (P<0.001; r2=0.975). With 4% SHMF, the osmolality measure was 443±13mOsm/kg H2O (95% CI: [439-447]). Neither a 24-hour storage at 4°C nor pasteurization induced a modification of osmolality compared to the fresh samples. CONCLUSION Whatever the origin and quality of milk as well as hospital practices, adding up to 4% (w/v) SHMF to PHM increases its nutritional quality and osmolality without exceeding 450mOsm/kgH2O, which is generally recognized as safe.
Collapse
|
15
|
Levy DS, Osborn E, Hasenstab KA, Nawaz S, Jadcherla SR. The Effect of Additives for Reflux or Dysphagia Management on Osmolality in Ready-to-Feed Preterm Formula: Practice Implications. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2018; 43:290-297. [PMID: 29992586 DOI: 10.1002/jpen.1418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A common osmolality threshold for feedings is to stay <450 mOsm/kg for normal infants. Preterm formulas are frequently modified to improve growth, modify nutrition, and manage gastroesophageal reflux (GER) or dysphagia. Relationships between osmolality and additives to ready-to-feed preterm formulas are unclear. Our aims were to evaluate and compare the effects of caloric density, thickening agent recipes, and supplements to ready-to-feed preterm formula on osmolality. METHODS A freezing point osmometer was used to measure the osmolality of 47 preterm infant formula combinations with varying caloric densities (ready-to-feed 22 and 30 cal/oz), thickening agents (rice vs oatmeal cereal), thickener amounts (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, and 3.0 tsp/oz), and combinations of supplements (saline, iron, vitamin D, or multivitamin). Ten samples per combination were tested using a 10-μL pipette. Comparisons were made using analysis of variance and t-tests for group and pair-wise comparisons, respectively. RESULTS A total of 470 osmolality samples were analyzed: (1) raters had high agreement (r = 0.98; P < .001); (2) for every 0.5 tsp/oz of thickener, the osmolality increases by 30 mOsm/kg (P < .001); (3) osmolality was higher with the oatmeal (vs rice) thickening agent (P < .001); and (4) vitamin and electrolyte supplement combinations increase osmolality. CONCLUSIONS Alteration of ready-to-feed preterm formulas may significantly increase osmolality and have unintended consequences. Caution and monitoring should be exercised with modifying ready-to-feed preterm formulas for regurgitation, rumination, GER, dysphagia, feeding intolerance, or emesis. This study supports the concept of achieving volume tolerance before further manipulation of additives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deborah S Levy
- Speech and Language Pathology, Health and Communication Department, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Erika Osborn
- Innovative Infant Feeding Disorders Research Program, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Kathryn A Hasenstab
- Innovative Infant Feeding Disorders Research Program, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Saira Nawaz
- Innovative Infant Feeding Disorders Research Program, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Sudarshan R Jadcherla
- Innovative Infant Feeding Disorders Research Program, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,Divisions of Neonatology, Pediatric Gastroenterology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Veronesi MC, Bolis B, Faustini M, Rota A, Mollo A. Biochemical composition of fetal fluids in at term, normal developed, healthy, viable dogs and preliminary data from pathologic littermates. Theriogenology 2017; 108:277-283. [PMID: 29277067 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 12/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A proper canine neonatal assistance, required to reduce the high perinatal loss rate, imply a full knowledge about the fetal-to-neonatal physiology. Because fetal fluids play an important role throughout mammals pregnancy, influencing fetal growth and development, fetal well being, and contributing to guarantee the most suitable environment for the fetus, the knowledge about fetal fluids biochemical composition is of major importance. At first, the biochemical composition of fetal fluids collected by normal developed, healthy and viable newborns, is necessary to depict the normal features, and represent the first step for the further detection of abnormalities associated to fetal/neonatal distress and useful for the early identification of newborns needing special attention, immediately after birth. The present study was aimed to define the biochemical composition of amniotic and allantoic fluids collected from fetus delivered by caesarean section at term of pregnancy. To reduce the possible confounding effect of maternal labor or troubles at parturition, fetal fluids were collected only from puppies born by elective caesaeran section, at term of normal pregnancies. Fetal fluids from 76 puppies, 70 normal and six pathologic newborns, born by elective caesarean section were collected and analyzed for alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total bilirubin, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine-kinase (CK), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), creatinine, urea, amylase, lipase, gamma-glutamyl transferase (γ-GT), triglycerides, cholesterol, total proteins, albumin, globulins, glucose, magnesium, potassium, chloride, sodium, calcium, phosphorus and osmolarity. No significant differences were found between biochemical composition of amniotic or allantoic fluid in normal and pathologic newborns, maybe due to the small number of the pathologic puppies. Although some correlations between the two fluids were found (albumin, phosphorus, glucose and triglycerides), the results showed significant differences between the amniotic and allantoic biochemical composition (for all the parameters, except of alanine aminotransferase, triglycerides, cholesterol, albumin, amylase and glucose), suggesting that diverse sources could concur to the final composition of each fluid. A wide variability within and among litters was found for both amniotic and allantoic biochemical composition, and for some parameters an influence of breed body size (amniotic amylase, cholesterol, and allantoic calcium and glucose), maternal parity (amniotic and allantoic CK, glucose, LDH, chloride) and newborn gender (allantoic phosphorus) was found. Further investigations are needed for addressing the origin of each fetal fluid biochemical composition in the dog and also to indeep possible differences in fetal fluids biochemical composition between normal and pathologic puppies, providing potential markers for the quick identification of newborns that need special surveillance and cares immediately after birth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M C Veronesi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - B Bolis
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
| | - M Faustini
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - A Rota
- Ambulatorio Associato Pellegrini e Rota, Almenno San Bartolomeo, Bergamo, Italy
| | - A Mollo
- Department of Animal Medicine, Productions and Health, Università di Padova, Padua, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Bouzari Z, Shahhosseini R, Mohammadnetaj M, Barat S, Yazdani S, Hajian-Tilaki K. Vaginal discharge concentrations of β-human chorionic gonadotropin, creatinine, and urea for the diagnosis of premature rupture of membranes. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2017; 141:97-101. [PMID: 29197087 DOI: 10.1002/ijgo.12414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2017] [Revised: 08/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the diagnostic value of vaginal discharge concentrations of β human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG), creatinine, and urea to identify premature rupture of membranes (PROM). METHODS An observational cross-sectional study was conducted between 12 June, 2014, and 11 June, 2015, among 120 women who were admitted to an Iranian hospital at 28-41 weeks of pregnancy. Women with positive pooling and nitrazine test results were assigned to the PROM group (n=60), whereas those with negative test results were assigned to the control group (n=60). Samples of vaginal discharge were obtained. RESULTS Mean concentrations of β-hCG, urea, and creatinine were all higher in the PROM group than in the control group (all P=0.001). The diagnostic accuracies as defined by area under the curve for creatinine, urea, and β-hCG were 0.891, 0.895, and 0.908, respectively. The corresponding optimal cutoff values were 20.33 μmol/L, 0.94 mmol/L, and 39.5 IU/L, respectively. CONCLUSION The vaginal discharge concentrations of all three markers exhibited favorable predictive value for the diagnosis of PROM; however, β-hCG showed greater diagnostic accuracy than either urea or creatinine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zinatossadat Bouzari
- Infertility and Health Reproductive Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.,Clinical Research Development Center of Rohani Hospital, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Roza Shahhosseini
- Student Committee Research Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | | | - Shahnaz Barat
- Infertility and Health Reproductive Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.,Cancer Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Shahla Yazdani
- Infertility and Health Reproductive Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.,Clinical Research Development Center of Rohani Hospital, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.,Cancer Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Karimollah Hajian-Tilaki
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.,Mobility Impairment Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.,Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Vieira ÉLM, Pessoa Rocha N, Macedo Bastos F, da Silveira KD, Pereira AK, Araújo Oliveira E, Marques de Miranda D, Simões E Silva AC. Posterior urethral valve in fetuses: evidence for the role of inflammatory molecules. Pediatr Nephrol 2017; 32:1391-1400. [PMID: 28229280 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-017-3614-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Revised: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate inflammatory biomarkers in urine samples of 24 fetuses with posterior urethral valve (PUV) collected at 22 ± 4 weeks of gestation and to compare the findings with measurements in urine samples of 22 male healthy preterm neonates at 23 ± 4 weeks (control group). METHODS Inflammatory biomarkers in urine were measured using a cytometric bead array [interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, interferon (IFN)-γ, soluable tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) 1, sTNFR2, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1/chemokine ligand 2 (MCP-1/CCL2), eotaxin/CCL11 and interferon gamma-induced protein/10/C-X-C motif chemokine 10 (IP-10/CXCL10)] and ELISA assays [TNF, IL-8/CXCL8 and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β)]. The Mann-Whitney test was used to compare medians. Markers of glomerular (creatinine) and tubular [beta 2 (β2)-microglobulin, uromodulin, osmolality] functions were correlated with inflammatory biomarkers (Spearman test). RESULTS An intense inflammatory profile was identified, with significantly increased concentrations of urinary IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, TNF, sTNFRI, sTNFRII, IFN-γ, MCP-1/CCL2, eotaxin/CCL11 and IL-8/CXCL8 in the PUV group compared to the controls. The same was observed for the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 and for the fibrogenic mediator TGF-β. In the correlation analysis, β2-microglobulin positively correlated with the presence of MCP-1/CCL2, sTNFRI and eotaxin/CCL11 and negatively correlated with the presence of creatinine. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that inflammatory molecules are already increased in fetuses with PUV at the mean gestational age of 22 weeks, suggesting a physiopathological role for inflammation just after the embryological formation of the urethral membrane.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Érica Leandro Marciano Vieira
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Medical Investigation, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Avenida Alfredo Balena, 190, 2° andar, sala 281, 30.130-100, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Natalia Pessoa Rocha
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Medical Investigation, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Avenida Alfredo Balena, 190, 2° andar, sala 281, 30.130-100, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Fernando Macedo Bastos
- Fetal Medicine Unit, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Kátia Daniela da Silveira
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Molecular Medicine (INCT-MM), Faculty of Medicine, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Alamanda K Pereira
- Fetal Medicine Unit, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Araújo Oliveira
- Fetal Medicine Unit, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Pediatric Nephrology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Débora Marques de Miranda
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Molecular Medicine (INCT-MM), Faculty of Medicine, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Pediatric Nephrology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina Simões E Silva
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Medical Investigation, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Avenida Alfredo Balena, 190, 2° andar, sala 281, 30.130-100, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. .,Fetal Medicine Unit, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. .,Pediatric Nephrology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Chandran S, Chua MC, Lin W, Min Wong J, Saffari SE, Rajadurai VS. Medications That Increase Osmolality and Compromise the Safety of Enteral Feeding in Preterm Infants. Neonatology 2017; 111:309-316. [PMID: 28030867 DOI: 10.1159/000454667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medications added to preterm milk feeds have the potential to raise osmolality, causing feed intolerance and necrotizing enterocolitis. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in the osmolality of milk feeds and water with 14 medications and the diluent amounts required to keep the osmolality below the safety threshold of ≤450 mOsm/kg. Changes in the osmolality of milk with medications while on continuous infusion over 2 and 4 h were determined. METHODS This study was designed to measure the osmolality of 14 commonly used medications in preterm infants both neat and when supplemented with expressed breast milk (EBM), EBM with fortifier (EBMF), preterm formula (PTF), and water. Dose-effect curves were plotted, and the volume of each diluent was calculated to keep the osmolality ≤450 mOsm/kg. Time-effect curves were plotted at 2 and 4 h for each medication for both EBM and EBMF. RESULTS Neat osmolality of all except 5 medications were above 2,000 mOsm/kg. The osmolality rose with decreasing proportions of diluents used, depicting an indirect curvilinear relationship between the increasing dilution and osmolality for all except 2 medications. As a diluent, EBM was required in lower dilutions than EBMF. Dilutions needed for additives with PTF were very similar to those of EBM. The change in osmolality over time with additives was statistically significant for EBMF. CONCLUSIONS EBM and PTF were found to be safer diluents than EBMF for enteral additives. The practice of keeping milk feeds with medications for continuous feeding is safe for a period of 4 h in EBM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suresh Chandran
- Department of Neonatology, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Vaginal Lactoferrin Modulates PGE 2, MMP-9, MMP-2, and TIMP-1 Amniotic Fluid Concentrations. Mediators Inflamm 2016; 2016:3648719. [PMID: 27872513 PMCID: PMC5107848 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3648719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Revised: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation plays an important role in pregnancy, and cytokine and matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) imbalance has been associated with premature rupture of membranes and increased risk of preterm delivery. Previous studies have demonstrated that lactoferrin (LF), an iron-binding protein with anti-inflammatory properties, is able to decrease amniotic fluid (AF) levels of IL-6. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the effect of vaginal LF administration on amniotic fluid PGE2 level and MMP-TIMP system in women undergoing genetic amniocentesis. One hundred and eleven women were randomly divided into controls (n = 57) or treated with LF 4 hours before amniocentesis (n = 54). Amniotic fluid PGE2, active MMP-9 and MMP-2, and TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 concentrations were determined by commercially available assays and the values were normalized by AF creatinine concentration. PGE2, active MMP-9, and its inhibitor TIMP-1 were lower in LF-treated group than in controls (p < 0.01, p < 0.005, and p < 0.001, resp.). Conversely, active MMP-2 (p < 0.0001) and MMP-2/TIMP-2 molar ratio (p < 0.001) were increased, whilst TIMP-2 was unchanged. Our data suggest that LF administration is able to modulate the inflammatory response following amniocentesis, which may counteract cytokine and prostanoid imbalance that leads to abortion. This trial is registered with Clinical Trial number NCT02695563.
Collapse
|
21
|
Gezer C, Ekin A, Golbasi C, Kocahakimoglu C, Bozkurt U, Dogan A, Solmaz U, Golbasi H, Taner CE. Use of urea and creatinine levels in vaginal fluid for the diagnosis of preterm premature rupture of membranes and delivery interval after membrane rupture. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2016; 30:772-778. [DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2016.1188072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
22
|
Orczyk-Pawilowicz M, Jawien E, Deja S, Hirnle L, Zabek A, Mlynarz P. Metabolomics of Human Amniotic Fluid and Maternal Plasma during Normal Pregnancy. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0152740. [PMID: 27070784 PMCID: PMC4829258 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic profiles of amniotic fluid and maternal blood are sources of valuable information about fetus development and can be potentially useful in diagnosis of pregnancy disorders. In this study, we applied 1H NMR-based metabolic profiling to track metabolic changes occurring in amniotic fluid (AF) and plasma (PL) of healthy mothers over the course of pregnancy. AF and PL samples were collected in the 2nd (T2) and 3rd (T3) trimester, prolonged pregnancy (PP) until time of delivery (TD). A multivariate data analysis of both biofluids reviled a metabolic switch-like transition between 2nd and 3rd trimester, which was followed by metabolic stabilization throughout the rest of pregnancy probably reflecting the stabilization of fetal maturation and development. The differences were further tested using univariate statistics at α = 0.001. In plasma the progression from T2 to T3 was related to increasing levels of glycerol, choline and ketone bodies (3-hydroxybutyrate and acetoacetate) while pyruvate concentration was significantly decreased. In amniotic fluid, T2 to T3 transition was associated with decreasing levels of glucose, carnitine, amino acids (valine, leucine, isoleucine, alanine, methionine, tyrosine, and phenylalanine) and increasing levels of creatinine, succinate, pyruvate, choline, N,N-dimethylglycine and urocanate. Lactate to pyruvate ratio was decreased in AF and conversely increased in PL. The results of our study, show that metabolomics profiling can be used to better understand physiological changes of the complex interdependencies of the mother, the placenta and the fetus during pregnancy. In the future, these results might be a useful reference point for analysis of complicated pregnancies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ewa Jawien
- Department of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Technology, Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Lidia Hirnle
- 1 Department and Clinic of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Adam Zabek
- Department of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Technology, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Mlynarz
- Department of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Technology, Wroclaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Urdaneta-García A, Reyna-Villasmil E, Torres-Cepeda D, Santos-Bolívar J, Mejia-Montilla J, Reyna-Villasmil. N. Creatinina en flujo vaginal para el diagnóstico de rotura prematura de membranas. CLINICA E INVESTIGACION EN GINECOLOGIA Y OBSTETRICIA 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gine.2013.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
24
|
Fotiou M, Michaelidou AM, Athanasiadis AP, Menexes G, Symeonidou M, Koulourida V, Ganidou M, Theodoridis TD, Tarlatzis BC. Second trimester amniotic fluid glucose, uric acid, phosphate, potassium, and sodium concentrations in relation to maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and birth weight centiles. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2014; 28:910-5. [PMID: 25046579 DOI: 10.3109/14767058.2014.937692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the evolution profile of amniotic fluid (AF) glucose, uric acid, phosphate, potassium, and sodium, in the second trimester of pregnancy, and explore the possible relations between the concentration of these components and maternal, as well as neonatal characteristics. METHODS AF of 52 pregnant women was analyzed using an automatic multichannel analyzer. Maternal age, pre-pregnancy Body Mass Index (BMI), inter-pregnancy intervals, and smoking status were derived from questionnaires. Information on pregnancy and delivery was collected from medical records. RESULTS Uric acid increased (r = 0.423, p < 0.01), while phosphate and glucose concentrations decreased during the period of 16-26th week of pregnancy (r = -0.590, p < 0.001 and r = -0.314, p < 0.05, respectively). Maternal pre-pregnancy BMI was significantly correlated with AF uric acid concentration (r = 0.460, p < 0.01) and marginally with AF glucose (r = 0.274, p = 0.052) and sodium (r = 0.254, p = 0.070) levels. Multiple linear regression indicated that mid-trimester AF uric acid and phosphate levels were significantly related to birth weight centiles (R(2)( )= 0.345, p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that: (a) AF phosphate levels reflect gestational age to a satisfactory extent, (b) maternal pre-pregnancy BMI is significantly correlated with AF uric acid concentration, and (c) in appropriate for gestational age infants, AF phosphate and uric acid levels may serve as potential biomarkers of birth weight centiles. Further studies on AF composition may help to unravel the biochemical pathways underlying fetal development and could offer insight on the potential impact of maternal nutritional management on fetal growth regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Fotiou
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki , Thessaloniki , Greece
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Novel antibacterial activity of β(2)-microglobulin in human amniotic fluid. PLoS One 2012; 7:e47642. [PMID: 23144825 PMCID: PMC3492387 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0047642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2012] [Accepted: 09/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
An antibacterial protein (about 12 kDa) was isolated from human amniotic fluid through dialysis, ultrafiltration and C18 reversed-phase HPLC steps. Automated Edman degradation showed that the N-terminal sequence of the antibacterial protein was NH(2)-Ile-Gln-Arg-Thr-Pro-Lys-Ile-Gln-Val-Tyr-Ser-Arg-His-Pro-Ala-Glu-Asn-Gly-. The N-terminal sequence of the antibacterial protein was found to be identical to that of β(2)-microglobulin, a component of MHC class I molecules, which are present on all nucleated cells. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) revealed that the molecular mass of the antibacterial protein was 11,631 Da. This antibacterial protein, β(2)M, possessed potent antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria. Specially, antibacterial activity was observed in potassium buffer, and potassium ion was found to be critical for the antibacterial activity. Interestingly, the antibacterial action of β(2)M was associated with dissipation of the transmembrane potential, but the protein did not cause damage to the membrane that would result in SYTOX green uptake. In addition, stimulation of WISH amniotic epithelial cells with the bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced dose-dependent upregulation of β(2)M mRNA expression. These results suggest that β(2)M contributes to a self-defense response when amniotic cells are exposed to pathogens.
Collapse
|
26
|
Amorini AM, Giorlandino C, Longo S, D’Urso S, Mesoraca A, Santoro ML, Picardi M, Gullotta S, Cignini P, Lazzarino D, Lazzarino G, Tavazzi B. Metabolic profile of amniotic fluid as a biochemical tool to screen for inborn errors of metabolism and fetal anomalies. Mol Cell Biochem 2011; 359:205-16. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-011-1015-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2011] [Accepted: 07/27/2011] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
|
27
|
Lee J, Park JS, Norwitz ER, Kim BJ, Park CW, Jun JK, Syn HC. Identification and characterization of proteins in amniotic fluid that are differentially expressed before and after antenatal corticosteroid administration. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2010; 202:388.e1-388.e10. [PMID: 20350648 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2010.01.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2009] [Revised: 01/09/2010] [Accepted: 01/19/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We sought to examine changes in the intraamniotic proteomic environment after the administration of antenatal corticosteroids to women with impending preterm delivery. STUDY DESIGN Amniotic fluid samples were collected at the time of clinically indicated amniocentesis before and within 7 days of administration of antenatal corticosteroids for impending preterm delivery (n = 12). Proteins differentially expressed before and after corticosteroids were identified by surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. They were isolated, characterized, and quantified by fast protein liquid chromatography, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, in-gel tryptic digestion, immunodepletion assays, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. RESULTS Five protein peaks of interest were identified and characterized, all of which were significantly decreased after antenatal corticosteroid administration. These included 2 isoforms of transthyretin, albumin, prothrombin fragment 2, and lumican. CONCLUSION Four proteins, identified and characterized in amniotic fluid, were differentially expressed with antenatal corticosteroid administration. These data may provide additional insight into the molecular mechanisms by which antenatal corticosteroids prevent neonatal complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joonho Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Kristensen K, Strevens H, Lindström V, Grubb A, Wide‐Swensson D. Increased plasma levels of ß2‐microglobulin, cystatin C and ß‐trace protein in term pregnancy are not due to utero‐placental production. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation 2009; 68:649-53. [DOI: 10.1080/00365510802007804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
29
|
Graça G, Duarte IF, Barros AS, Goodfellow BJ, Diaz S, Carreira IM, Couceiro AB, Galhano E, Gil AM. 1H NMR Based Metabonomics of Human Amniotic Fluid for the Metabolic Characterization of Fetus Malformations. J Proteome Res 2009; 8:4144-50. [DOI: 10.1021/pr900386f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gonçalo Graça
- CICECO, Department of Chemistry, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal, QOPNAA, Department of Chemistry, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal, Cytogenetics Laboratory and Center of Neurosciences and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3001-401 Coimbra, Portugal, and Maternidade Bissaya Barreto, Centro Hospitalar de Coimbra, 3000 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Iola F. Duarte
- CICECO, Department of Chemistry, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal, QOPNAA, Department of Chemistry, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal, Cytogenetics Laboratory and Center of Neurosciences and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3001-401 Coimbra, Portugal, and Maternidade Bissaya Barreto, Centro Hospitalar de Coimbra, 3000 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - António S. Barros
- CICECO, Department of Chemistry, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal, QOPNAA, Department of Chemistry, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal, Cytogenetics Laboratory and Center of Neurosciences and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3001-401 Coimbra, Portugal, and Maternidade Bissaya Barreto, Centro Hospitalar de Coimbra, 3000 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Brian J. Goodfellow
- CICECO, Department of Chemistry, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal, QOPNAA, Department of Chemistry, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal, Cytogenetics Laboratory and Center of Neurosciences and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3001-401 Coimbra, Portugal, and Maternidade Bissaya Barreto, Centro Hospitalar de Coimbra, 3000 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sílvia Diaz
- CICECO, Department of Chemistry, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal, QOPNAA, Department of Chemistry, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal, Cytogenetics Laboratory and Center of Neurosciences and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3001-401 Coimbra, Portugal, and Maternidade Bissaya Barreto, Centro Hospitalar de Coimbra, 3000 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Isabel M. Carreira
- CICECO, Department of Chemistry, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal, QOPNAA, Department of Chemistry, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal, Cytogenetics Laboratory and Center of Neurosciences and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3001-401 Coimbra, Portugal, and Maternidade Bissaya Barreto, Centro Hospitalar de Coimbra, 3000 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Bela Couceiro
- CICECO, Department of Chemistry, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal, QOPNAA, Department of Chemistry, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal, Cytogenetics Laboratory and Center of Neurosciences and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3001-401 Coimbra, Portugal, and Maternidade Bissaya Barreto, Centro Hospitalar de Coimbra, 3000 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Eulália Galhano
- CICECO, Department of Chemistry, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal, QOPNAA, Department of Chemistry, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal, Cytogenetics Laboratory and Center of Neurosciences and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3001-401 Coimbra, Portugal, and Maternidade Bissaya Barreto, Centro Hospitalar de Coimbra, 3000 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana M. Gil
- CICECO, Department of Chemistry, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal, QOPNAA, Department of Chemistry, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal, Cytogenetics Laboratory and Center of Neurosciences and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3001-401 Coimbra, Portugal, and Maternidade Bissaya Barreto, Centro Hospitalar de Coimbra, 3000 Coimbra, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Gao T, Zablith N, Burns DH, Koski KG, Skinner CD. Identification and quantitation of human amniotic fluid components using capillary zone electrophoresis. Anal Biochem 2009; 388:155-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2009.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2008] [Revised: 02/09/2009] [Accepted: 02/09/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
31
|
Bilirubin/Albumin Ratios in Fetal Blood and in Amniotic Fluid in Rhesus Immunization. Obstet Gynecol 2008; 111:1083-8. [DOI: 10.1097/aog.0b013e31816a49e2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
32
|
Razagui IBA. A comparative evaluation of three washing procedures for minimizing exogenous trace element contamination in fetal scalp hair of various obstetric outcomes. Biol Trace Elem Res 2008; 123:47-57. [PMID: 18286236 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-008-8111-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2007] [Revised: 01/11/2008] [Accepted: 01/21/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A comparative evaluation of three washing methods for removing exogenous elemental contamination from fetal scalp hair is described. A total of 12 samples, including 6 from normal pregnancies and 6 from abruptio placentae (AP) cases, were used. Each was divided into four subsamples, with one left unwashed for comparison, while three were subjected to one of the three washing methods. The first consisted of agitating hair for 5 min in sequential and equal measures (30 ml) of acetone and water, followed by rinsing with acetone, and the process repeated twice. In the second and third, hair was agitated for 30 min in aqueous solutions of sodium lauryl sulfate (0.5%, w/v), and Triton X-100 (0.5%, v/v), respectively, followed by sequential rinsing with deionized water and acetone. After drying and microwave-assisted digestion in concentrated nitric acid, the subsamples' concentrations of zinc, copper, cadmium, lead, mercury and selenium were determined using inductively coupled mass spectrometry. All washed subsamples, irrespective of washing method used, had lower elemental concentrations than the corresponding, unwashed subsamples. These differences, taken as presumptive indicators of exogenous contamination, showed only small variations (<5%) between the three washing methods, irrespective of element, mode of delivery, and obstetric outcome. However, the contamination levels elicited by each of the three methods varied in magnitude according to individual elements, with those of copper being highest, followed by those of zinc, cadmium, mercury, selenium, and lead. They also varied according to obstetric outcome, being highest in the AP subsamples, while in the normal pregnancy group, copper and zinc contamination levels in the subsamples from neonates delivered by elective caesarean section were higher than in those from normal-delivery neonates. The data from this study suggest that the three washing methods used have comparable efficacies in removing exogenous elemental contamination from fetal hair, further inferring that it is probably a simple biological matrix to decontaminate. Possible contributory factors are discussed and contrasted with those affecting adult hair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim B-A Razagui
- Academic Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Hull Postgraduate Medical Institute, Hull, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Scioscia M, Gumaa K, Whitten M, Selvaggi LE, Rodeck CH, Rademacher TW. Inositol phosphoglycan P-type in healthy and preeclamptic pregnancies. J Reprod Immunol 2007; 76:85-90. [PMID: 17493685 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2007.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2007] [Revised: 03/26/2007] [Accepted: 03/28/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
An association between inositol phosphoglycan P-type (P-IPG) and preeclampsia has been demonstrated over recent years. This molecule can mediate many of the metabolic and growth promoting effects of insulin. Dysregulation of the mediator family is associated with insulin resistance. An increased concentration of P-IPG has been reported in preeclamptic placenta, although its precursor (GPI) was undetectable in those placental samples. Insulin administration, that induces P-IPG release in normal human placenta, was shown not to cause production/release of the mediator from preeclamptic placental tissue as a consequence of a disturbed insulin signalling. Amniotic fluid is enriched of this mediator, with further increase during preeclampsia. We have found that the fetus released increasing amounts of P-IPG in the urine between 13 and 18 weeks of gestation, reaching a plateau beyond 20 weeks. Cord blood of infants of preeclamptic mothers showed an increased content of soluble P-IPG compared to controls and to the mother.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Scioscia
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Pathology, Molecular Medicine Unit, Royal Free and University College London Medical School, London, UK.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Kafali H, Oksüzler C. Vaginal fluid urea and creatinine in diagnosis of premature rupture of membranes. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2006; 275:157-60. [PMID: 16967274 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-006-0240-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2006] [Accepted: 08/14/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the reliability of vaginal fluid urea and creatinine for the diagnosis of premature rupture of membranes (PROMs). MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 139 pregnant women were recruited. Group I consisted of 47 patients with diagnosis of PROM confirmed by amniotic fluid pooling and nitrazine paper test. Group II consisted of 36 patients in whom diagnosis of PROM was suspected but unconfirmed by amniotic fluid pooling (+/-) and/or nitrazine paper test (+/-). Group III consisted of 56 pregnant women without any complaint or complication. All patients underwent speculum examination for amniotic fluid pooling, nitrazine paper test, vaginal washing fluid urea and creatinine sampling. One-way ANOVA test, Scheffe multiple comparison test and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis were used. RESULTS The mean vaginal fluid urea levels in group I, II, and III were 34.6 +/- 5.3, 2.4 +/- 5.3 and 1.3 +/- 6.2 mg/dl, respectively, where the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.001). The mean vaginal fluid creatinine concentrations of group I were, 1.5 +/- 0.3 mg/dl, found higher against the group II, 0.34 +/- 0.22 mg/dl, and group III, 0.28 +/- 0.23 mg/dl (P < 0.01). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictivity, and negative predictivity were all 100% in detecting PROM by evaluation of vaginal fluid urea and creatinine concentration with a cut-off value of 12 and 0.6 mg/dl, respectively. CONCLUSION Vaginal washing fluid urea and creatinine determination for the diagnosis of PROM is a reliable, simple and rapid test.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Kafali
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Harran University Medical School, Sanliurfa, Turkey.
| | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Current awareness in prenatal diagnosis. Prenat Diagn 2002; 22:638-44. [PMID: 12124707 DOI: 10.1002/pd.270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|