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Santos R, Turck P, de Mello Palma V, Visioli F, Ortiz VD, Proença ICT, Fernandes TRG, Fernandes E, Tasca S, Carraro CC, Belló-Klein A, da Rosa Araujo AS, Khaper N, de Castro AL. Melatonin improves nitric oxide bioavailability in isoproterenol induced myocardial injury. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2024; 591:112279. [PMID: 38797355 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2024.112279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Isoproterenol administration is associated with cardiac inflammation and decreased NO availability. Melatonin has been reported to have cardioprotective effect. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of melatonin on NO bioavailability and inflammation in myocardial injury induced by isoproterenol. Isoproterenol was administrated in male Wistar rats for 7 days to induce cardiac injury. The animals were divided into 3 groups: Control, Isoproterenol, Isoproterenol + Melatonin. Animals received melatonin for 7 days. Echocardiographic analysis was performed and the hearts were collected for molecular analysis. Animals that received isoproterenol demonstrated a reduction in left ventricle systolic and diastolic diameter, indicating the presence of concentric hypertrophy. Melatonin was able to attenuate this alteration. Melatonin also improved NO bioavailability and decreased NF-κβ, TNFα and IL-1β expression. In conclusion, melatonin exhibited a cardioprotective effect which was associated with improving NO bioavailability and decreasing the pro-inflammatory proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramison Santos
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Reactive Oxygen Species, Physiology Department, Institute of Basic Health Science (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2600 - Santa Cecília, CEP: 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Patrick Turck
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Reactive Oxygen Species, Physiology Department, Institute of Basic Health Science (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2600 - Santa Cecília, CEP: 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Victor de Mello Palma
- Faculdade de Odontologia. Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2492 - Santa Cecília, CEP: 90035-004, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Visioli
- Faculdade de Odontologia. Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2492 - Santa Cecília, CEP: 90035-004, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Duarte Ortiz
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Reactive Oxygen Species, Physiology Department, Institute of Basic Health Science (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2600 - Santa Cecília, CEP: 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Isabel Cristina Teixeira Proença
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Reactive Oxygen Species, Physiology Department, Institute of Basic Health Science (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2600 - Santa Cecília, CEP: 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Tânia Regina G Fernandes
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Reactive Oxygen Species, Physiology Department, Institute of Basic Health Science (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2600 - Santa Cecília, CEP: 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Elissa Fernandes
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Reactive Oxygen Species, Physiology Department, Institute of Basic Health Science (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2600 - Santa Cecília, CEP: 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Silvio Tasca
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Reactive Oxygen Species, Physiology Department, Institute of Basic Health Science (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2600 - Santa Cecília, CEP: 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Cristina Campos Carraro
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Reactive Oxygen Species, Physiology Department, Institute of Basic Health Science (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2600 - Santa Cecília, CEP: 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Adriane Belló-Klein
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Reactive Oxygen Species, Physiology Department, Institute of Basic Health Science (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2600 - Santa Cecília, CEP: 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alex Sander da Rosa Araujo
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Reactive Oxygen Species, Physiology Department, Institute of Basic Health Science (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2600 - Santa Cecília, CEP: 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Neelam Khaper
- Northern Ontario School of Medicine University, 955 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada
| | - Alexandre Luz de Castro
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Reactive Oxygen Species, Physiology Department, Institute of Basic Health Science (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcelos Street, 2600 - Santa Cecília, CEP: 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Silva JMA, Antonio EL, Dos Santos LFN, Serra AJ, Feliciano RS, Junior JAS, Ihara SSM, Tucci PJF, Moises VA. Hypertrophy of the right ventricle by pulmonary artery banding in rats: a study of structural, functional, and transcriptomics alterations in the right and left ventricles. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1129333. [PMID: 37576341 PMCID: PMC10414540 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1129333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Right ventricular remodeling with subsequent functional impairment can occur in some clinical conditions in adults and children. The triggering factors, molecular mechanisms, and, especially, the evolution over time are still not well known. Left ventricular (LV) changes associated with right ventricular (RV) remodeling are also poorly understood. Objectives: The study aimed to evaluate RV morphological, functional, and gene expression parameters in rats submitted to pulmonary artery banding compared to control rats, with the temporal evolution of these parameters, and to analyze the influence of RV remodeling by pulmonary artery banding in rats and their controls over time on LV geometry, histology, gene expression, and functional performance. Methods: Healthy 6-week-old male Wistar-EPM rats weighing 170-200 g were included. One day after the echocardiogram, depending on the animals undergoing the pulmonary artery banding (PAB) procedure or not (control group), they were then randomly divided into subgroups according to the follow-up time: 72 h, or 2, 4, 6, or 8 weeks. In each subgroup, the following were conducted: a new echocardiogram, a hemodynamic study, the collection of material for morphological analysis (hypertrophy and fibrosis), and molecular biology (gene expression). The results were presented as the mean ± standard deviation of the mean. A two-way ANOVA and Tukey post-test compared the variables of the subgroups and evolution follow-up times. The adopted significance level was 5%. Results: There was no significant difference among the subgroups in the percentage of water in both the lungs and the liver (the percentage of water in the lungs ranged from 76% to 78% and that of the liver ranged from 67% to 71%). The weight of the right chambers was significantly higher in PAB animals in all subgroups (RV PAB weighed from 0.34 to 0.48 g, and control subjects, from 0.17 to 0.20 g; right atrium (RA) with PAB from 0.09 to 0.14 g; and control subjects from 0.02 to 0.03 g). In the RV of PAB animals, there was a significant increase in myocyte nuclear volume (97 μm3-183.6 μm3) compared to control subjects (34.2 μm3-57.2 μm3), which was more intense in subgroups with shorter PAB follow-up time, and the fibrosis percentage (5.9%-10.4% vs. 0.96%-1.18%) was higher as the PAB follow-up time was longer. In the echocardiography result, there was a significant increase in myocardial thickness in all PAB groups (0.09-0.11 cm compared to control subjects-0.04-0.05 cm), but there was no variation in RV diastolic diameter. From 2 to 8 weeks of PAB, the S-wave (S') (0.031 cm/s and 0.040 cm/s), and fractional area change (FAC) (51%-56%), RV systolic function parameters were significantly lower than those of the respective control subjects (0.040 cm/s to 0.050 cm/s and 61%-67%). Furthermore, higher expression of genes related to hypertrophy and extracellular matrix in the initial subgroups and apoptosis genes in the longer follow-up PAB subgroups were observed in RV. On the other hand, LV weight was not different between animals with and without PAB. The nuclear volume of the PAB animals was greater than that of the control subjects (74 μm3-136 μm3; 40.8 μm3-46.9 μm3), and the percentage of fibrosis was significantly higher in the 4- and 8-week PAB groups (1.2% and 2.2%) compared to the control subjects (0.4% and 0.7%). Echocardiography showed that the diastolic diameter and LV myocardial thickness were not different between PAB animals and control subjects. Measurements of isovolumetric relaxation time and E-wave deceleration time at the echocardiography were different between PAB animals and control subjects in all subgroups, but there were no changes in diastolic function in the hemodynamic study. There was also increased expression of genes related to various functions, particularly hypertrophy. Conclusion: 1) Rats submitted to pulmonary artery banding presented RV remodeling compatible with hypertrophy. Such alterations were mediated by increased gene expression and functional alterations, which coincide with the onset of fibrosis. 2) Structural changes of the RV, such as weight, myocardial thickness, myocyte nuclear volume, and degree of fibrosis, were modified according to the time of exposure to pulmonary artery banding and related to variations in gene expression, highlighting the change from an alpha to a beta pattern from early to late follow-up times. 3) The study suggests that the left ventricle developed histological alterations accompanied by gene expression modifications simultaneously with the alterations found in the right ventricle.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ednei Luiz Antonio
- Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Andrey Jorge Serra
- Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Reduction in mitochondrial ROS improves oxidative phosphorylation and provides resilience to coronary endothelium in non-reperfused myocardial infarction. Basic Res Cardiol 2023; 118:3. [PMID: 36639609 PMCID: PMC9839395 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-022-00976-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies demonstrated that mitochondrial antioxidant MnSOD that reduces mitochondrial (mito) reactive oxygen species (ROS) helps maintain an optimal balance between sub-cellular ROS levels in coronary vascular endothelial cells (ECs). However, it is not known whether EC-specific mito-ROS modulation provides resilience to coronary ECs after a non-reperfused acute myocardial infarction (MI). This study examined whether a reduction in endothelium-specific mito-ROS improves the survival and proliferation of coronary ECs in vivo. We generated a novel conditional binary transgenic animal model that overexpresses (OE) mitochondrial antioxidant MnSOD in an EC-specific manner (MnSOD-OE). EC-specific MnSOD-OE was validated in heart sections and mouse heart ECs (MHECs). Mitosox and mito-roGFP assays demonstrated that MnSOD-OE resulted in a 50% reduction in mito-ROS in MHEC. Control and MnSOD-OE mice were subject to non-reperfusion MI surgery, echocardiography, and heart harvest. In post-MI hearts, MnSOD-OE promoted EC proliferation (by 2.4 ± 0.9 fold) and coronary angiogenesis (by 3.4 ± 0.9 fold), reduced myocardial infarct size (by 27%), and improved left ventricle ejection fraction (by 16%) and fractional shortening (by 20%). Interestingly, proteomic and Western blot analyses demonstrated upregulation in mitochondrial complex I and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) proteins in MnSOD-OE MHECs. These MHECs also showed increased mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and membrane potential. These findings suggest that mito-ROS reduction in EC improves coronary angiogenesis and cardiac function in non-reperfused MI, which are associated with increased activation of OXPHOS in EC-mitochondria. Activation of an energy-efficient mechanism in EC may be a novel mechanism to confer resilience to coronary EC during MI.
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de Castro AL, Fernandes RO, Ortiz VD, Campos C, Bonetto JHP, Fernandes TRG, Conzatti A, Siqueira R, Tavares AV, Belló-Klein A, Araujo ASDR. Cardioprotective doses of thyroid hormones improve NO bioavailability in erythrocytes and increase HIF-1α expression in the heart of infarcted rats. Arch Physiol Biochem 2022; 128:1516-1523. [PMID: 32551929 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1779752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Infarction leads to a decrease in NO bioavailability in the erythrocytes. Thyroid hormones (TH) present positive effects after infarction. However, there are no studies evaluating the effects of cardioprotective doses of TH in the erythrocytes after infarction. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the effects of TH in NO bioavailability and oxidative stress parameters in the erythrocytes of infarcted rats. MATERIAL AND METHODS Wistar rats were allocated into the three groups: Sham-operated (SHAM), infarcted (AMI) and infarcted + TH (AMIT). AMIT rats received T4 and T3 for 12 days by gavage. Subsequently, the animals were evaluated by echocardiography and the LV and erythrocytes were collected. RESULTS TH improved NO bioavailability and increased catalase activity in the erythrocytes. Besides that, TH increased HIF-1α in the heart. CONCLUSION TH seems to be positive for erythrocytes preventing a decrease in NO bioavailability and increasing antioxidant enzymatic defense after infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Luz de Castro
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rafael Oliveira Fernandes
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Vanessa D Ortiz
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Cristina Campos
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Jéssica H P Bonetto
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Tânia Regina G Fernandes
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Adriana Conzatti
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Siqueira
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Angela Vicente Tavares
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Adriane Belló-Klein
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Alex Sander da Rosa Araujo
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Portes LA, dos Santos AA, Padovani CR, de Oliveira NC, Serra AJ, Tucci PJF. Swimming training attenuates the decrease of calcium responsiveness in female infarcted rats. Front Physiol 2022; 13:923603. [PMID: 36072846 PMCID: PMC9441480 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.923603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To evaluate the influence of swimming training on calcium responsiveness of the myocardium of rats with different infarction sizes (MI). Method: female Wistar rats, sedentary sham (SS = 14), sedentary moderate MI (SMI = 8) and sedentary large MI (SLI = 10) were compared to trained sham (TS = 16), trained moderate MI (TMI = 9) and trained large MI (TLI = 10). After 4 weeks of MI, the animals swam for 60 min/day, 5 days/week, for additional 8 weeks. Papillary muscles of the left ventricle were subjected to different concentrations of extracellular calcium. Inotropism was evaluated through the developed tension (DT), the maximum positive value of the first temporal derivation (+Td/td) and the time to peak tension (TPT). Lusitropism was evaluated by the maximum negative value of the first temporal derivation (−Td/td) and time to 50% relaxation (50%TR). Statistical significance was determined using multivariate analysis of variance and a Hotelling T2 test for the absolute power values of all four extracellular calcium concentrations (p < 0.05). Results: MI depressed inotropism (from 17% to 51%) and lusitropism (from 22% to 54%) of the sedentary rats, but exercise attenuated the losses, especially regarding + dT/dt, TPT, −dT/dt and 50%TR. Exercise attenuated the decrease in myocardial responsiveness, proportionally to the size of the MI. Conclusion: Myocardial calcium responsiveness is favorably affected in animals with moderate and large MI after swimming exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie Andrews Portes
- Professor at UNASP, Researcher at LAFEX, Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Adventist University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Leslie Andrews Portes,
| | - Alexandra Alberta dos Santos
- Laboratory of Cardiac Physiology and Cardiovascular Physiopathology, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos Roberto Padovani
- Department of Biostatistics, Bioscience Institute, UNESP-State University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Natália Cristina de Oliveira
- Professor at UNASP, Researcher at LAFEX, Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Adventist University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Master Degree Program in Health Promotion at UNASP-Adventist University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andrey Jorge Serra
- Laboratory of Cardiac Physiology and Cardiovascular Physiopathology, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo J. F. Tucci
- Laboratory of Cardiac Physiology and Cardiovascular Physiopathology, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Dann MM, Clark SQ, Trzaskalski NA, Earl CC, Schepers LE, Pulente SM, Lennord EN, Annamalai K, Gruber JM, Cox AD, Lorenzen-Schmidt I, Seymour R, Kim KH, Goergen CJ, Mulvihill EE. Quantification of murine myocardial infarct size using 2-D and 4-D high-frequency ultrasound. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2022; 322:H359-H372. [PMID: 34995167 PMCID: PMC8836752 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00476.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease is the leading cause of death in the United States, Canada, and worldwide. Severe disease is characterized by coronary artery occlusion, loss of blood flow to the myocardium, and necrosis of tissue, with subsequent remodeling of the heart wall, including fibrotic scarring. The current study aims to demonstrate the efficacy of quantitating infarct size via two-dimensional (2-D) echocardiographic akinetic length and four-dimensional (4-D) echocardiographic infarct volume and surface area as in vivo analysis techniques. We further describe and evaluate a new surface area strain analysis technique for estimating myocardial infarction (MI) size after ischemic injury. Experimental MI was induced in mice via left coronary artery ligation. Ejection fraction and infarct size were measured through 2-D and 4-D echocardiography. Infarct size established via histology was compared with ultrasound-based metrics via linear regression analysis. Two-dimensional echocardiographic akinetic length (r = 0.76, P = 0.03), 4-D echocardiographic infarct volume (r = 0.85, P = 0.008), and surface area (r = 0.90, P = 0.002) correlate well with histology. Although both 2-D and 4-D echocardiography were reliable measurement techniques to assess infarct, 4-D analysis is superior in assessing asymmetry of the left ventricle and the infarct. Strain analysis performed on 4-D data also provides additional infarct sizing techniques, which correlate with histology (surface strain: r = 0.94, P < 0.001, transmural thickness: r = 0.76, P = 0.001). Two-dimensional echocardiographic akinetic length, 4-D echocardiography ultrasound, and strain provide effective in vivo methods for measuring fibrotic scarring after MI.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Our study supports that both 2-D and 4-D echocardiographic analysis techniques are reliable in quantifying infarct size though 4-D ultrasound provides a more holistic image of LV function and structure, especially after myocardial infarction. Furthermore, 4-D strain analysis correctly identifies infarct size and regional LV dysfunction after MI. Therefore, these techniques can improve functional insight into the impact of pharmacological interventions on the pathophysiology of cardiac disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa M Dann
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sydney Q Clark
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Natasha A Trzaskalski
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Conner C Earl
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Luke E Schepers
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Serena M Pulente
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ebonee N Lennord
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Karthik Annamalai
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Joseph M Gruber
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Abigail D Cox
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | | | - Richard Seymour
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kyoung-Han Kim
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Craig J Goergen
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Erin E Mulvihill
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Montreal Diabetes Research Group, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Tasca S, Campos C, Lacerda D, Ortiz VD, Turck P, Bianchi SE, Castro ALD, Belló-Klein A, Bassani V, Araújo ASDR. Pterostilbeno Reduz o Estresse Oxidativo no Pulmão e no Ventrículo Direito Induzido por Infarto do Miocárdio Experimental. Arq Bras Cardiol 2022; 118:435-445. [PMID: 35262578 PMCID: PMC8856678 DOI: 10.36660/abc.20201155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Fundamento O pterostilbeno (PS), um composto polifenólico natural e antioxidante, surge como uma intervenção promissora para minimizar danos do infarto agudo do miocárdio (IAM). Objetivo Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o desempenho do PS na promoção da homeostase redox nos pulmões e no ventrículo direito (VD) de animais infartados. Métodos Ratos Wistar machos (60 dias de idade) foram randomizados em três grupos: SHAM, IAM (infarto) e IAM+PS (IAM + pterostilbeno). Sete dias após o procedimento de IAM, os ratos foram tratados com PS (100 mg/kg/dia) por gavagem por oito dias. Os animais foram depois sacrificados e os pulmões e VD foram coletados para análise do balanço redox (diferenças foram consideradas significativas quando p<0,05). Resultados Nossos resultados mostram que o IAM desencadeia a interrupção redox no VD e nos pulmões, o que pode contribuir para danos induzido pelo IAM nesses órgãos. Consistentemente, o PS mitigou o estresse oxidativo e restaurou as defesas antioxidantes (Glutationa – GSH nos pulmões: SHAM = 0,79 ± 0,07; IAM = 0,67 ± 0,05; IAM + PS = 0,86 ± 0,14; p<0,05), indicando seu papel protetor neste cenário. Conclusão Nosso trabalho evidencia o potencial do uso de PS como abordagem terapêutica adjuvante após IAM para proteção dos tecidos pulmonares e cardíacos direitos.
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SULFORAPHANE EFFECTS ON CARDIAC FUNCTION AND CALCIUM-HANDLING RELATED PROTEINS IN TWO EXPERIMENTAL MODELS OF HEART DISEASE. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2021; 79:325-334. [DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000001191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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9
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Bahr AC, Luz JPDA, Teixeira RB, Türck P, Zimmer A, Castro ALDE, Reis EED, Visioli F, Belló-Klein A, Araujo ASDAR, Schenkel PC. The brief methylprednisolone administration is crucial to mitigate cardiac dysfunction after myocardial infarction. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2021; 93:e20210297. [PMID: 34706009 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202120210297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is one of the major causes of heart failure and mortality. Glucocorticoids administration post-infarction has long been proposed, but it has shown conflicting results so far. This controversy may be associated with the glucocorticoid type and the period when it is administered. To elucidate these, the present aims to evaluate if the brief methylprednisolone acetate administration is determinant for heart adaptation after AMI. Male Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups: sham-operated (SHAM); infarcted (AMI); infarcted treated with methylprednisolone acetate (AMI+M). Immediately after surgery, the AMI+M group received a single dose of methylprednisolone acetate (40 mg/kg i.m.). After 56 days, the cardiac function was assessed and lungs, liver and heart were collected to determine rates of hypertrophy and congestion. Heart was used for oxidative stress and metalloproteinase activity analyses. Methylprednisolone acetate attenuated matrix metalloproteinase-2 activity, cardiac dilatation, and prevented the onset of pulmonary congestion, as well as avoided cardiac hypertrophy. Our data indicate that administration of methylprednisolone acetate shortly after AMI may be a therapeutic alternative for attenuation of detrimental ventricular remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Christhian Bahr
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, R. Sarmento Leite, 500, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Julia Paim DA Luz
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, R. Sarmento Leite, 500, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Rayane Brinck Teixeira
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, R. Sarmento Leite, 500, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Patrick Türck
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, R. Sarmento Leite, 500, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alexsandra Zimmer
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, R. Sarmento Leite, 500, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Luz DE Castro
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, R. Sarmento Leite, 500, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Echer Dos Reis
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, R. Sarmento Leite, 500, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Visioli
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Departamento de Patologia Oral, R. Sarmento Leite, 500, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Adriane Belló-Klein
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, R. Sarmento Leite, 500, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alex Sander DA Rosa Araujo
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, R. Sarmento Leite, 500, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Paulo Cavalheiro Schenkel
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, R. Sarmento Leite, 500, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, R. Gomes Carneiro, 1, 96010-610 Pelotas, RS, Brazil
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Effects of Carvedilol and Thyroid Hormones Co-administration on Apoptotic and Survival Proteins in the Heart After Acute Myocardial Infarction. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2021; 76:698-707. [PMID: 33105324 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000000923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cellular death and survival signaling plays a key role in the progress of adverse cardiac remodeling after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Therapeutic strategies, such as co-treatment with beta-blocker carvedilol and thyroid hormones (THs), give rise to new approaches that can sustain the cellular homeostasis after AMI. Therefore, we sought to investigate the effects of carvedilol and TH co-administration on apoptosis and survival proteins and on cardiac remodeling after AMI. Male Wistar rats were distributed in 5 groups as follows: sham-operated group (SHAM), infarcted group (MI), infarcted plus carvedilol group (MI+C), infarcted plus TH group (MI+TH), and infarcted plus carvedilol and TH co-treatment group (MI+C+TH). Echocardiographic analysis was performed, and hearts were collected for western blot evaluation. The MI group presented systolic posterior wall thickness loss, an increase in the wall tension index, and an increase in atrial natriuretic peptide tissue levels than the SHAM group. However, in the MI+C+TH group, these parameters were equally to the SHAM group. Moreover, whereas the MI group showed Bax protein expression elevated in relation to the SHAM group, the MI+C+TH group presented Bax reduction and also Akt activation compared with the MI group. In addition, the MI+TH group revealed beta-1 adrenergic receptor (β1AR) upregulation compared with the MI and MI+C groups, whereas the MI+C+TH group presented lower levels of β1AR in relation to the SHAM and MI+TH groups. In conclusion, we suggest that carvedilol and TH co-administration may mediate its cardioprotective effects against adverse cardiac remodeling post-AMI through the Bax reduction, Akt activation, and β1AR decrease.
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Feliciano RDS, Atum ALB, Ruiz ÉGDS, Serra AJ, Antônio EL, Manchini MT, Silva JMA, Tucci PJF, Nathanson L, Morris M, Chavantes MC, Silva Júnior JA. Photobiomodulation Therapy on Myocardial Infarction in Rats: Transcriptional and Posttranscriptional Implications to Cardiac Remodeling. Lasers Surg Med 2021; 53:1247-1257. [PMID: 33846991 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.23407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Induction of myocardial infarction (MI) in rats by occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery is an experimental model used in research to elucidate functional, structural, and molecular modifications associated with ischemic heart disease. Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) has become a therapeutic alternative by modulating various biological processes eliciting several effects, including anti-inflammatory and pro-proliferative actions. The main objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of PBMT in the modulation of transcriptional and post-transcriptional changes that occurred in myocardium signal transduction pathways after MI. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS Continuous wave (CW) non-thermal laser parameters were: 660 nm wavelength, power 15 mW, with a total energy of 0.9 J, fluence of 1.15 J/cm2 , spot size of 0.785 cm2 , and time of 60 seconds. Using in silico analysis, we selected and then, quantified the expression of messenger RNA (mRNA) of 47 genes of 9 signaling pathways associated with MI (angiogenesis, cell survival, hypertrophy, oxidative stress, apoptosis, extracellular matrix, calcium kinetics, cell metabolism, and inflammation). Messenger RNA expression quantification was performed in myocardial samples by polymerase chain reaction real-time array using TaqMan customized plates. RESULTS Our results evidenced that MI modified mRNA expression of several well-known biomarkers related to detrimental cardiac activity in almost all signaling pathways analyzed. However, PBMT reverted most of these transcriptional changes. More expressively, PBMT provoked a robust decrease in mRNA expression of molecules that participate in post-MI inflammation and ECM composition, such as IL-6, TNF receptor, TGFb1, and collagen I and III. Global microRNA (miRNA) expression analysis revealed that PBMT decreased miR-221, miR-34c, and miR-93 expressions post-MI, which are related to deleterious effects in cardiac remodeling. CONCLUSION Thus, the identification of transcriptional and post-transcriptional changes induced by PBMT may be used to interfere in the molecular dynamics of cardiac remodeling post-MI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Andrey Jorge Serra
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Pedro de Toledo 709, Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP, 04039-001, Brazil
| | - Ednei Luiz Antônio
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Pedro de Toledo 709, Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP, 04039-001, Brazil
| | | | | | - Paulo José Ferreira Tucci
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Pedro de Toledo 709, Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP, 04039-001, Brazil
| | - Lubov Nathanson
- Nova Southeastern University, 3301 College Avenue, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, 33314
| | - Mariana Morris
- Nova Southeastern University, 3301 College Avenue, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, 33314
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12
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Chelluri LK, Mohanram Y, Jain R, Mallarpu CS, Ponnana M, Kumar D, Krishna Venuganti VV, Kancherla R, Papineni RV, Towner R, Ghosal P. Effect of engineered superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles in targeted cardiac precursor cell delivery by MRI. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 541:15-21. [PMID: 33461063 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
A scientific approach is presented describing the fabrication of nanoprobe (GloTrack) that can act as cardiac precursor label to segregate cells from cardiac/non cardiac origins and traced by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPA) and kinase domain receptor (KDR) recognizing antibodies, form a layer on super paramagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle - poly-ethylene glycol (SPION-PEG) complex, and bind to protein expressed on the surface of cardiac muscle cells. Physical attributes size, distribution, labelling efficiency, echocardiogram (ECG) changes and bio-distribution by MRI were analysed. The results indicate that GloTrack has an average size of 471 nm, exhibits negative potential and promotes labelling efficiency. The bio-distribution of GloTrack in in vivo experiments was traceable in 7T MRI showing high accumulation of GloTrack in cardiac muscles as compared to the liver and spleen. ECG data revealed that GloTrack segregated cardiac precursors has the potential benefit in treating heart failure, thereby paving way in the development of minimal cell manipulation with targeted cell delivery approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshmi Kiran Chelluri
- Department of Transplant Biology, Immunology and Stem Cell Lab, Gleneagles Global Hospitals, Hyderabad, India.
| | - Yamuna Mohanram
- Department of Transplant Biology, Immunology and Stem Cell Lab, Gleneagles Global Hospitals, Hyderabad, India
| | - Rashi Jain
- Department of Transplant Biology, Immunology and Stem Cell Lab, Gleneagles Global Hospitals, Hyderabad, India
| | - Chandra Shekar Mallarpu
- Department of Transplant Biology, Immunology and Stem Cell Lab, Gleneagles Global Hospitals, Hyderabad, India
| | - Meenakshi Ponnana
- Department of Transplant Biology, Immunology and Stem Cell Lab, Gleneagles Global Hospitals, Hyderabad, India
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Defence Metallurgical Research Lab, Hyderabad, India
| | | | - Ravindranath Kancherla
- Department of Transplant Biology, Immunology and Stem Cell Lab, Gleneagles Global Hospitals, Hyderabad, India
| | | | - Rheal Towner
- Department of Pathology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, USA
| | - Partha Ghosal
- Defence Metallurgical Research Lab, Hyderabad, India
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Basalay MV, Yellon DM, Davidson SM. Targeting myocardial ischaemic injury in the absence of reperfusion. Basic Res Cardiol 2020; 115:63. [PMID: 33057804 PMCID: PMC7560937 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-020-00825-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Sudden myocardial ischaemia causes an acute coronary syndrome. In the case of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), this is usually caused by the acute rupture of atherosclerotic plaque and obstruction of a coronary artery. Timely restoration of blood flow can reduce infarct size, but ischaemic regions of myocardium remain in up to two-thirds of patients due to microvascular obstruction (MVO). Experimentally, cardioprotective strategies can limit infarct size, but these are primarily intended to target reperfusion injury. Here, we address the question of whether it is possible to specifically prevent ischaemic injury, for example in models of chronic coronary artery occlusion. Two main types of intervention are identified: those that preserve ATP levels by reducing myocardial oxygen consumption, (e.g. hypothermia; cardiac unloading; a reduction in heart rate or contractility; or ischaemic preconditioning), and those that increase myocardial oxygen/blood supply (e.g. collateral vessel dilation). An important consideration in these studies is the method used to assess infarct size, which is not straightforward in the absence of reperfusion. After several hours, most of the ischaemic area is likely to become infarcted, unless it is supplied by pre-formed collateral vessels. Therefore, therapies that stimulate the formation of new collaterals can potentially limit injury during subsequent exposure to ischaemia. After a prolonged period of ischaemia, the heart undergoes a remodelling process. Interventions, such as those targeting inflammation, may prevent adverse remodelling. Finally, harnessing of the endogenous process of myocardial regeneration has the potential to restore cardiomyocytes lost during infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- M V Basalay
- The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, 67 Chenies Mews, London, WC1E 6HX, UK
| | - D M Yellon
- The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, 67 Chenies Mews, London, WC1E 6HX, UK
| | - S M Davidson
- The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, 67 Chenies Mews, London, WC1E 6HX, UK.
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Teixeira RB, Zimmer A, Godoy AEG, de Castro AL, Campos-Carraro C, Belló-Klein A, da Rosa Araujo AS. Thyroid hormone treatment improved the response to maximum exercise test and preserved the ventricular geometry in myocardial infarcted rats. Exp Physiol 2020; 105:1561-1570. [PMID: 32667095 DOI: 10.1113/ep088614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the central question of this study? Does thyroid hormone treatment given after myocardial infarction preserve left ventricular function and treadmill exercise performance, and improve parameters of oxidative stress in the right ventricle and lungs of Wistar rats? What is the main finding and its importance? Thyroid hormone treatment improved the performance of the maximum exercise test in infarcted rats and induced effects in the heart and lungs that were similar to those observed with exercise training. This suggests there is a significant value of thyroid hormones for preserving exercise tolerance after myocardial infarction. ABSTRACT Left ventricular myocardial infarction (MI) provokes damage in the heart and in other tissues, such as right ventricle and lungs. The present study elucidated whether thyroid hormone treatment (THT) may present positive effects in heart and lungs after MI, and whether or not these effects are similar to those of exercise training (ET). Male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: sham operated (SHAM), infarcted (MI), infarcted + exercise training (MIE), and infarcted + thyroid hormones (MIH). A maximum exercise test, left ventricle echocardiography, pulmonary histology, and oxidative stress in the right ventricle and lung were evaluated. THT and ET both reduced left ventricular dilatation and end-diastolic wall stress indexes to a similar extent. MI accentuated the content of macrophages and inflammatory infiltrate in the lungs, which was partially prevented in the MIH and MIE groups. THT and ET presented similar effects in the heart and lungs, and both improved the performance of the maximum exercise test in infarcted animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rayane Brinck Teixeira
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alexsandra Zimmer
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Alexandre Luz de Castro
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Cristina Campos-Carraro
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Adriane Belló-Klein
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alex Sander da Rosa Araujo
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Physical training prior to myocardial infarction potentializes stem cell therapy, SDF-1/CXCR4 axis activation and inhibits the vasoconstrictor response in hypertensive rats. Cytokine 2020; 126:154912. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2019.154912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Zimmer A, Teixeira RB, Bonetto JHP, Bahr AC, Türck P, de Castro AL, Campos-Carraro C, Visioli F, Fernandes-Piedras TR, Casali KR, Scassola CMC, Baldo G, Araujo AS, Singal P, Belló-Klein A. Role of inflammation, oxidative stress, and autonomic nervous system activation during the development of right and left cardiac remodeling in experimental pulmonary arterial hypertension. Mol Cell Biochem 2019; 464:93-109. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-019-03652-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Marschner RA, Banda P, Wajner SM, Markoski MM, Schaun M, Lehnen AM. Short-term exercise training improves cardiac function associated to a better antioxidant response and lower type 3 iodothyronine deiodinase activity after myocardial infarction. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0222334. [PMID: 31513640 PMCID: PMC6742396 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0222334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims We assessed the effects of a short-term exercise training on cardiac function, oxidative stress markers, and type 3 iodothyronine deiodinase (D3) activity in cardiac tissue of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) following experimental myocardial infarction (MI). Methods Twenty-four SHR (aged 3 months) were allocated to 4 groups: sham+sedentary, sham+trained, MI+sedentary and MI+trained. MI was performed by permanent ligation of the coronary artery. Exercise training (treadmill) started 96 hours after MI and lasted for 4 weeks (~60% maximum effort, 4x/week and 40 min/day). Cardiac function (echocardiography), thioredoxin reductase (TRx), total carbonyl levels, among other oxidative stress markers and D3 activity were measured. A Generalized Estimating Equation was used, followed by Bonferroni’s test (p<0.05). Results MI resulted in an increase in left ventricular mass (p = 0.002) with decreased cardiac output (~22.0%, p = 0.047) and decreased ejection fraction (~41%, p = 0.008) as well as an increase in the carbonyl levels (p = 0.001) and D3 activity (~33%, p<0.001). Exercise training resulted in a decrease in left ventricular mass, restored cardiac output (~34%, p = 0.048) and ejection fraction (~20%, p = 0.040), increased TRx (~85%, p = 0.007) and reduced carbonyl levels (p<0.001) and D3 activity (p<0.001). Conclusions Our short-term exercise training helped reverse the effects of MI on cardiac function. These benefits seem to derive from a more efficient antioxidant response and lower D3 activity in cardiac tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Aguiar Marschner
- Institute of Cardiology of Rio Grande do Sul/University Foundation of Cardiology, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Thyroid Division, Endocrinology Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre/Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Banda
- Institute of Cardiology of Rio Grande do Sul/University Foundation of Cardiology, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Simone Magagnin Wajner
- Thyroid Division, Endocrinology Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre/Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Maximiliano Schaun
- Institute of Cardiology of Rio Grande do Sul/University Foundation of Cardiology, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Machado Lehnen
- Institute of Cardiology of Rio Grande do Sul/University Foundation of Cardiology, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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Katz MG, Fargnoli AS, Gubara SM, Chepurko E, Bridges CR, Hajjar RJ. Surgical and physiological challenges in the development of left and right heart failure in rat models. Heart Fail Rev 2019; 24:759-777. [PMID: 30903356 PMCID: PMC6698228 DOI: 10.1007/s10741-019-09783-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Rodent surgical animal models of heart failure (HF) are critically important for understanding the proof of principle of the cellular alterations underlying the development of the disease as well as evaluating therapeutics. Robust, reproducible rodent models are a prerequisite to the development of pharmacological and molecular strategies for the treatment of HF in patients. Due to the absence of standardized guidelines regarding surgical technique and clear criteria for HF progression in rats, objectivity is compromised. Scientific publications in rats rarely fully disclose the actual surgical details, and technical and physiological challenges. This lack of reporting is one of the main reasons that the outcomes specified in similar studies are highly variable and associated with unnecessary loss of animals, compromising scientific assessment. This review details rat circulatory and coronary arteries anatomy, the surgical details of rat models that recreate the HF phenotype of myocardial infarction, ischemia/reperfusion, left and right ventricular pressure, and volume overload states, and summarizes the technical and physiological challenges of creating HF. The purpose of this article is to help investigators understand the underlying issues of current HF models in order to reduce variable results and ensure successful, reproducible models of HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael G Katz
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Cardiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Ave., Box 1030, New York, NY, 10029-6574, USA.
| | - Anthony S Fargnoli
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Cardiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Ave., Box 1030, New York, NY, 10029-6574, USA
| | - Sarah M Gubara
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Cardiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Ave., Box 1030, New York, NY, 10029-6574, USA
| | - Elena Chepurko
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Cardiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Ave., Box 1030, New York, NY, 10029-6574, USA
| | - Charles R Bridges
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Cardiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Ave., Box 1030, New York, NY, 10029-6574, USA
| | - Roger J Hajjar
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Cardiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Ave., Box 1030, New York, NY, 10029-6574, USA
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Ortiz VD, Türck P, Teixeira R, Lima-Seolin BG, Lacerda D, Fraga SF, Hickmann A, Gatelli Fernandes TR, Belló-Klein A, Luz de Castro A, da Rosa Araujo AS. Carvedilol and thyroid hormones co-administration mitigates oxidative stress and improves cardiac function after acute myocardial infarction. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 854:159-166. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Lacerda D, Ortiz V, Türck P, Campos-Carraro C, Zimmer A, Teixeira R, Bianchi S, de Castro AL, Schenkel PC, Belló-Klein A, Bassani VL, da Rosa Araujo AS. Stilbenoid pterostilbene complexed with cyclodextrin preserves left ventricular function after myocardial infarction in rats: possible involvement of thiol proteins and modulation of phosphorylated GSK-3β. Free Radic Res 2018; 52:988-999. [PMID: 30203709 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2018.1506115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress alters signalling pathways for survival and cell death favouring the adverse remodelling of postmyocardial remnant cardiomyocytes, promoting functional impairment. The administration of pterostilbene (PTS), a phytophenol with antioxidant potential, can promote cardioprotection and represents a therapeutic alternative in acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The present study aims to explore the effects of oral administration of PTS complexed with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin HPβCD (PTS:HPβCD complex) on the glutathione cycle, thiol protein activities and signalling pathways involving the protein kinase B (AKT) and glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) proteins in the left ventricle (LV) of infarcted rats. Animals were submitted to acute myocardial infarction through surgical ligation of the descending anterior branch of the left coronary artery and received over 8 days, by gavage, PTS:HPβCD complex at dose of 100 mg kg-1 day-1 (AMI + PTS group) or vehicle (aqueous solution with HPβCD) divided into Sham-operated (SHAM) and infarcted (AMI) groups. The results showed that the PBS: HPβCD complex decreased lipid peroxidation, prevented the decrease in thioredoxin reductase (TRxR) activity, and increased the activity of glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and glutaredoxin (GRx). Additionally, the expression of nuclear factor-erythroid two (Nrf2) and p-GSK-3β was increased, whereas the p-GSK-3β/GSK-3β ratio was reduced in the LV of the infarcted animals. Overall, the PTS:HPβCD complex modulates activity of thiol-dependent enzymes and induces to the expression of antioxidant proteins, improving systolic function and mitigating the adverse cardiac remodelling post infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Lacerda
- a Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , Brazil
| | - Vanessa Ortiz
- b Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Fisiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , Brazil
| | - Patrick Türck
- b Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Fisiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , Brazil
| | - Cristina Campos-Carraro
- b Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Fisiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , Brazil
| | - Alexsandra Zimmer
- b Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Fisiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , Brazil
| | - Rayane Teixeira
- b Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Fisiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , Brazil
| | - Sara Bianchi
- c Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , Brazil
| | - Alexandre Luz de Castro
- b Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Fisiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , Brazil.,d Instituto de Ciências Básicas (ICB), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande , Porto Alegre , Brazil
| | - Paulo Cavalheiro Schenkel
- b Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Fisiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , Brazil
| | - Adriane Belló-Klein
- b Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Fisiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , Brazil
| | - Valquiria Linck Bassani
- c Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , Brazil
| | - Alex Sander da Rosa Araujo
- a Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , Brazil.,b Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Fisiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , Brazil
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de Castro AL, Fernandes RO, Ortiz VD, Campos C, Bonetto JHP, Fernandes TRG, Conzatti A, Siqueira R, Tavares AV, Belló-Klein A, da Rosa Araujo AS. Thyroid hormones decrease the proinflammatory TLR4/NF-κβ pathway and improve functional parameters of the left ventricle of infarcted rats. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2018; 461:132-142. [PMID: 28888669 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2017.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Revised: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction leads to oxidative stress and promotes activation of the TLR4/NF-κβ proinflammatory pathway. Thyroid hormones (TH) are known to be cardioprotective after infarction. However, there are no studies evaluating whether TH could modulate this pathway in the heart. This study aimed to verify the effect of thyroid hormones on the TLR4/NF-κβ pathway after myocardial infarction. Male Wistar rats were allocated into the following groups: Sham-operated (SHAM), sham-operated + TH (SHAMT), infarcted (AMI) and infarcted + TH (AMIT). The treated rats received T4 and T3 (8 and 2 μg 100 g-1 day-1) for 12 days by gavage. Subsequently, the animals were evaluated by echocardiography and euthanized, and the left ventricle was collected for biochemical and molecular analyses. TH modulates TLR4/NF-κβ expression in the infarcted hearts of rats and decreases xanthine oxidase expression. These effects were related to cardiac functional improvement after infarction. The cardioprotective effects of T3 and T4 seem to involve an anti-inflammatory action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Luz de Castro
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Reactive Oxygen Species, Physiology Department, Institute of Basic Health Science (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Sarmento Leite Street, 500, CEP 90050-170, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Centro Universitário Ritter dos Reis (Uniritter), Orfanotrófio Street, 555, CEP 90840-440, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Rafael Oliveira Fernandes
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Reactive Oxygen Species, Physiology Department, Institute of Basic Health Science (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Sarmento Leite Street, 500, CEP 90050-170, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Vanessa D Ortiz
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Reactive Oxygen Species, Physiology Department, Institute of Basic Health Science (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Sarmento Leite Street, 500, CEP 90050-170, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Cristina Campos
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Reactive Oxygen Species, Physiology Department, Institute of Basic Health Science (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Sarmento Leite Street, 500, CEP 90050-170, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Jéssica H P Bonetto
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Reactive Oxygen Species, Physiology Department, Institute of Basic Health Science (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Sarmento Leite Street, 500, CEP 90050-170, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Tânia Regina G Fernandes
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Reactive Oxygen Species, Physiology Department, Institute of Basic Health Science (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Sarmento Leite Street, 500, CEP 90050-170, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Adriana Conzatti
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Reactive Oxygen Species, Physiology Department, Institute of Basic Health Science (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Sarmento Leite Street, 500, CEP 90050-170, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Siqueira
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Reactive Oxygen Species, Physiology Department, Institute of Basic Health Science (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Sarmento Leite Street, 500, CEP 90050-170, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Angela Vicente Tavares
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Reactive Oxygen Species, Physiology Department, Institute of Basic Health Science (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Sarmento Leite Street, 500, CEP 90050-170, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Centro Universitário Ritter dos Reis (Uniritter), Orfanotrófio Street, 555, CEP 90840-440, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Adriane Belló-Klein
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Reactive Oxygen Species, Physiology Department, Institute of Basic Health Science (ICBS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Sarmento Leite Street, 500, CEP 90050-170, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alex Sander da Rosa Araujo
- Centro Universitário Ritter dos Reis (Uniritter), Orfanotrófio Street, 555, CEP 90840-440, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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22
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Teixeira RB, Zimmer A, de Castro AL, Carraro CC, Casali KR, Dias IGM, Godoy AEG, Litvin IE, Belló-Klein A, da Rosa Araujo AS. Exercise training versus T3 and T4 hormones treatment: The differential benefits of thyroid hormones on the parasympathetic drive of infarcted rats. Life Sci 2018; 196:93-101. [PMID: 29366748 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to investigate whether beneficial effects of thyroid hormones are comparable to those provided by the aerobic exercise training, to verify its applicability as a therapeutic alternative to reverse the pathological cardiac remodeling post-infarction. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male rats were divided into SHAM-operated (SHAM), myocardial infarction (MI), MI subjected to exercise training (MIE), and MI who received T3 and T4 treatment (MIH) (n = 8/group). MI, MIE and MIH groups underwent an infarction surgery while SHAM was SHAM-operated. One-week post-surgery, MIE and MIH groups started the exercise training protocol (moderate intensity on treadmill), or the T3 (1.2 μg/100 g/day) and T4 (4.8 μg/100 g/day) hormones treatment by gavage, respectively, meanwhile SHAM and MI had no intervention for 9 weeks. The groups were accompanied until 74 days after surgery, when all animals were anesthetized, left ventricle echocardiography and femoral catheterization were performed, followed by euthanasia and left ventricle collection for morphological, oxidative stress, and intracellular kinases expression analysis. KEY FINDINGS Thyroid hormones treatment was more effective in cardiac dilation and infarction area reduction, while exercise training provided more protection against fibrosis. Thyroid hormones treatment increased the lipoperoxidation and decreased GSHPx activity as compared to MI group, increased the t-Akt2 expression as compared to SHAM group, and increased the vascular parasympathetic drive. SIGNIFICANCE Thyroid hormones treatment provided differential benefits on the LV function and autonomic modulation as compared to the exercise training. Nevertheless, the redox unbalance induced by thyroid hormones highlights the importance of more studies targeting the ideal duration of this treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rayane Brinck Teixeira
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alexsandra Zimmer
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Luz de Castro
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Cristina Campos Carraro
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Karina Rabello Casali
- Institute of Science and Technology (ICT), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Isnard Elman Litvin
- Research Institute for Multicenter Studies (IPCEM), University of Caxias do Sul (UCS), Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Adriane Belló-Klein
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alex Sander da Rosa Araujo
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Teixeira RB, Zimmer A, de Castro AL, de Lima-Seolin BG, Türck P, Siqueira R, Belló-Klein A, Singal PK, da Rosa Araujo AS. Long-term T3 and T4 treatment as an alternative to aerobic exercise training in improving cardiac function post-myocardial infarction. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 95:965-973. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Maximal oxygen uptake and exercise tolerance are improved in rats with heart failure subjected to low-level laser therapy associated with resistance training. Lasers Med Sci 2016; 32:73-85. [PMID: 27858257 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-016-2088-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Exercise tolerance and maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) are reduced in heart failure (HF). The influence of combined resistance training (RT) and low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on exercise tolerance and VO2max in HF has not yet been explored. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of combined RT and LLLT on VO2max and exercise tolerance in rats with HF induced by myocardial infarction (MI). Rats were allocated to sedentary sham (Sed-Sham, n = 12), sedentary heart failure (Sed-HF, n = 9), RT heart failure (RT-HF, n = 7) and RT associated with LLLT heart failure (RT + LLLT-HF, n = 7) groups. After MI or sham surgery, rats underwent a RT and LLLT protocol (applied immediately after RT) for 8 weeks. VO2max and exercise tolerance were evaluated at the end of protocol. HF rats subjected to LLLT combined with RT showed higher VO2basal (41 %), VO2max (40 %), VO2reserve (39 %), run distance (46 %), time to exhaustion (30 %) and maximal velocity (22 %) compared with HF rats that underwent RT alone. LLLT associated with RT improved oxygen uptake and exercise tolerance compared with RT alone in HF rats.
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25
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Thyroid hormones improve cardiac function and decrease expression of pro-apoptotic proteins in the heart of rats 14 days after infarction. Apoptosis 2016; 21:184-94. [PMID: 26659365 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-015-1204-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Apoptosis is a key process associated with pathological cardiac remodelling in early-phase post-myocardial infarction. In this context, several studies have demonstrated an anti-apoptotic effect of thyroid hormones (TH). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of TH on the expression of proteins associated with the apoptotic process 14 days after infarction. Male Wistar rats (300-350 g) (n = 8/group) were divided into four groups: Sham-operated (SHAM), infarcted (AMI), sham-operated + TH (SHAMT) and infarcted + TH (AMIT). For 12 days, the animals received T3 and T4 [2 and 8 µg/(100 g day)] by gavage. After this, the rats were submitted to haemodynamic and echocardiographic analysis, and then were sacrificed and the heart tissue was collected for molecular analysis. Statistical analyses included two-way ANOVA with Student-Newman-Keuls post test. Ethics Committee number: 23262. TH administration prevented the loss of ventricular wall thickness and improved cardiac function in the infarcted rats 14 days after the injury. AMI rats presented an increase in the pro-apoptotic proteins p53 and JNK. The hormonal treatment prevented this increase in AMIT rats. In addition, TH administration decreased the Bax:Bcl-2 ratio in the infarcted rats. TH administration improved cardiac functional parameters, and decreased the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins 14 days after myocardial infarction.
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26
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Sulforaphane effects on postinfarction cardiac remodeling in rats: modulation of redox-sensitive prosurvival and proapoptotic proteins. J Nutr Biochem 2016; 34:106-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2016.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Revised: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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27
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Thyroid hormones effects on oxidative stress and cardiac remodeling in the right ventricle of infarcted rats. Life Sci 2016; 146:109-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2015.12.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Revised: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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28
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Antonio EL, Serra AJ, dos Santos AA, Vieira SS, Silva JMA, Yoshizaki A, Sofia RR, Tucci PJF. Are there gender differences in left ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction in rats? REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE CIRURGIA CARDIOVASCULAR : ORGAO OFICIAL DA SOCIEDADE BRASILEIRA DE CIRURGIA CARDIOVASCULAR 2015; 30:70-6. [PMID: 25859870 PMCID: PMC4389530 DOI: 10.5935/1678-741.20140093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2013] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Objective An unclear issue is whether gender may influence at cardiac remodeling after
myocardial infarction (MI). We evaluated left ventricle remodeling in female
and male rats post-MI. Methods Rats were submitted to anterior descending coronary occlusion.
Echocardiographic evaluations were performed on the first and sixth week
post-occlusion to determine myocardial infarction size and left ventricle
systolic function (FAC, fractional area change). Pulsed Doppler was applied
to analyze left ventricle diastolic function using the following parameters:
E wave, A wave, E/A ratio. Two-way ANOVA was applied for comparisons,
complemented by the Bonferroni test. A P≤=0.05 was
considered significant. Results There were no significant differences between genders for morphometric
parameters on first (MI [Female (FE): 44.0±5.0 vs. Male (MA): 42.0±3.0%];
diastolic [FE: 0.04±0.003 vs. MA: 0.037±0.005, mm/g] and systolic [FE:
0.03±0.0004 vs. MA: 0.028±0.005, mm/g] diameters of left ventricle) and
sixth (MI [FE: 44.0±5.0 vs. MA: 42.0±3.0, %]; diastolic [FE: 0.043±0.01 vs.
MA: 0.034±0.005, mm/g] and systolic [FE: 0.035±0.01 vs. MA: 0.027±0.005,
mm/g] of LV) week. Similar findings were reported for left ventricle
functional parameters on first (FAC [FE: 34.0±6.0 vs. MA: 32.0±4.0, %]; wave
E [FE: 70.0±18.0 vs. MA: 73.0±14.0, cm/s]; wave A [FE: 20.0±12.0 vs. MA:
28.0±13.0, cm/s]; E/A [FE: 4.9±3.4 vs. MA: 3.3±1.8]) and sixth (FAC [FE:
29.0±7.0 vs. MA: 31.0±7.0, %]; wave E [FE: 85.0±18.0 vs. MA: 87.0±20.0,
cm/s]; wave A [FE: 20.0±11.0 vs. MA: 28.0±17.0, cm/s]; E/A [FE: 6.2±4.0 vs.
MA: 4.6±3.4]) week. Conclusion Gender does not influence left ventricle remodeling post-MI in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ednei Luiz Antonio
- Laboratório de Fisiologia e Fisiopatologia Cardíacas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Stella Sousa Vieira
- Laboratório de Fisiologia e Fisiopatologia Cardíacas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Amanda Yoshizaki
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Reabilitação, Universidade Nove de Julho, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Paulo José Ferreira Tucci
- Laboratório de Fisiologia e Fisiopatologia Cardíacas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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29
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Lehnen TE, Lehnen AM, Tavares AMV, Belló-Klein A, Markoski MM, Machado UF, Schaan B. Atorvastatin administered before myocardial infarction in rats improves contractility irrespective of metabolic changes. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2014; 41:986-94. [DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.12313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2013] [Revised: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Ederich Lehnen
- Postgraduate Program in Endocrinology; Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
- Endocrine Division; Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre; Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
- Institute of Cardiology/University Foundation of Cardiology of Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - Alexandre Machado Lehnen
- Postgraduate Program in Endocrinology; Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
- Endocrine Division; Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre; Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
- Institute of Cardiology/University Foundation of Cardiology of Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - Angela Maria Vicente Tavares
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology; Institute of Basic Health Sciences; Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - Adriane Belló-Klein
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology; Institute of Basic Health Sciences; Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - Melissa Medeiros Markoski
- Institute of Cardiology/University Foundation of Cardiology of Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - Ubiratan Fabres Machado
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics; Institute of Biomedical Sciences; University of São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
| | - Beatriz Schaan
- Postgraduate Program in Endocrinology; Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
- Endocrine Division; Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre; Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
- Institute of Cardiology/University Foundation of Cardiology of Rio Grande do Sul; Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
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Manchini MT, Serra AJ, Feliciano RDS, Santana ET, Antônio EL, de Tarso Camillo de Carvalho P, Montemor J, Crajoinas RO, Girardi ACC, Tucci PJF, Silva JA. Amelioration of cardiac function and activation of anti-inflammatory vasoactive peptides expression in the rat myocardium by low level laser therapy. PLoS One 2014; 9:e101270. [PMID: 24991808 PMCID: PMC4081549 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0101270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2013] [Accepted: 06/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has been used as an anti-inflammatory treatment in several disease conditions, even when inflammation is a secondary consequence, such as in myocardial infarction (MI). However, the mechanism by which LLLT is able to protect the remaining myocardium remains unclear. The present study tested the hypothesis that LLLT reduces inflammation after acute MI in female rats and ameliorates cardiac function. The potential participation of the Renin-Angiotensin System (RAS) and Kallikrein-Kinin System (KKS) vasoactive peptides was also evaluated. LLLT treatment effectively reduced MI size, attenuated the systolic dysfunction after MI, and decreased the myocardial mRNA expression of interleukin-1 beta and interleukin-6 in comparison to the non-irradiated rat tissue. In addition, LLLT treatment increased protein and mRNA levels of the Mas receptor, the mRNA expression of kinin B2 receptors and the circulating levels of plasma kallikrein compared to non-treated post-MI rats. On the other hand, the kinin B1 receptor mRNA expression decreased after LLLT. No significant changes were found in the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the myocardial remote area between laser-irradiated and non-irradiated post-MI rats. Capillaries density also remained similar between these two experimental groups. The mRNA expression of the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) was increased three days after MI, however, this effect was blunted by LLLT. Moreover, endothelial NOS mRNA content increased after LLLT. Plasma nitric oxide metabolites (NOx) concentration was increased three days after MI in non-treated rats and increased even further by LLLT treatment. Our data suggest that LLLT diminishes the acute inflammation in the myocardium, reduces infarct size and attenuates left ventricle dysfunction post-MI and increases vasoactive peptides expression and nitric oxide (NO) generation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jairo Montemor
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo, UNIFESP, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
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31
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de Castro AL, Tavares AV, Campos C, Fernandes RO, Siqueira R, Conzatti A, Bicca AM, Fernandes TRG, Sartório CL, Schenkel PC, Belló-Klein A, da Rosa Araujo AS. Cardioprotective effects of thyroid hormones in a rat model of myocardial infarction are associated with oxidative stress reduction. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2014; 391:22-9. [PMID: 24784706 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2014.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2013] [Revised: 04/17/2014] [Accepted: 04/18/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are involved with progression from infarction to heart failure. Studies show that thyroid hormones (TH) present cardioprotective effects. This study aims to evaluate whether TH effects after infarction are associated to redox balance modulation. Male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: Sham-operated (SHAM), infarcted (AMI), sham-operated+TH (SHAMT), and infarcted+TH (AMIT). During 26 days, animals received T3 (2 μg/100g/day) and T4 (8 μg/100g/day) by gavage. Echocardiographic parameters were assessed and heart tissue was collected to biochemical analysis. AMIT rats presented absence of lung congestion, less cardiac dilatation, and normalization in myocardial performance index, compared with AMI. AMI rats presented an increase in hydrogen peroxide levels and in lipid peroxidation and a decrease in GSH/GSSG. TH prevented these alterations in AMIT. In conclusion, TH seem to reduce the levels of ROS, preventing oxidative stress, and improving cardiac function in infarcted rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Luz de Castro
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Angela Vicente Tavares
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Cristina Campos
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Rafael Oliveira Fernandes
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Siqueira
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Adriana Conzatti
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Amanda M Bicca
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Tânia Regina G Fernandes
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Carmem L Sartório
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Adriane Belló-Klein
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alex Sander da Rosa Araujo
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Cardiovascular, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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The effect of a peptide-modified thermo-reversible methylcellulose on wound healing and LV function in a chronic myocardial infarction rodent model. Biomaterials 2013; 34:8869-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2013] [Accepted: 07/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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33
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Hou Y, Huang C, Cai X, Zhao J, Guo W. Improvements in the establishment of a rat myocardial infarction model. J Int Med Res 2012; 39:1284-92. [PMID: 21986130 DOI: 10.1177/147323001103900416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery ligation is widely used for myocardial infarction (MI) induction in rats but produces a large variation in infarct size--a major determinant of mortality. Accurate control of infarct size is critically important for the establishment of a useful animal model. This study determined the anatomical course of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) by direct visualization in order to locate precisely the position of ligation. MI was induced by conventional methods (control group) or using a detailed anatomical knowledge of the LAD (experimental group). Triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining was performed to compare infarct size, and electrocardiogram (ECG) changes were observed. The rate of MI induction was significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group (89.5% vs 65.6%) and the size of infarction was more consistent in the experimental group. Direct visualization of the rat LAD allowed accurate identification of the ligation site, thereby controlling infarct size and improving the success rate of the rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Hou
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Huai'an First Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China.
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Rohani A, Akbari V, Moradian K, Malekzade J. Combining white blood cell count and thrombosis for predicting in-hospital outcomes after acute myocardial infraction. J Emerg Trauma Shock 2011; 4:351-4. [PMID: 21887024 PMCID: PMC3162703 DOI: 10.4103/0974-2700.83862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2010] [Accepted: 11/27/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Admission white blood cell (WBC) count and thrombosis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) risk score have been associated with adverse outcomes after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). This study investigated the joint effect of WBC count and TIMI risk score on predicting in-hospital outcomes in patients with AMI. Materials and Methods: WBC count and TIMI risk score were measured at the time of hospital admission in 70 patients with AMI. Echocardiogram was done on prior to discharge by a cardiologist and ejection fraction (EF) was determined according to the Simpson formula. Patients were stratified into tertiles (low and high) based on WBC count and TIMI risk score. Results: Patients with a high WBC count had a 5.0-fold increase in-hospital congestive heart failure and 2.2 increases in mortality compared with those with a low WBC count. Patients with a high TIMI risk score had a 10-fold increase in congestive heart failure presentation and mortality compared with those with a low TIMI risk score. When a combination of different strata for each variable was analyzed, a stepwise increase in mortality was seen. There were a few number of patients with a high WBC count and low TIMI risk score or with a low WBC count and high TIMI risk score. These patients had an intermediate risk, whereas those with a high WBC count and TIMI risk score had the highest risk. Conclusion: These findings suggested that a simple combination of WBC count and TIMI risk score might provide further information for predicting outcomes in patients with AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atooshe Rohani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Motahari Street-Yasuj- Iran
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Ayala-Lugo A, Tavares AMV, Paz AHR, Alegretti A, Miquelito L, Bock H, Giugliani R, Clausell N, Cirne-Lima E, Rohde LE. Age-Dependent Availability and Functionality of Bone Marrow Stem Cells in an Experimental Model of Acute and Chronic Myocardial Infarction. Cell Transplant 2011; 20:407-19. [DOI: 10.3727/096368909x519283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of aging and timing of left ventricular ischemic injury on the availability and functionality of stem cells. We studied young and aged male inbred Lewis rats that were used as donors of bone marrow mononuclear cells (BM-MNCs), divided in four experimental groups: controls, sham operated, 48 h post-myocardial infarction (MI), and 28 days post-MI. In vitro studies included flow cytometry analysis, hematopoietic colony-forming capacity, and invasion assays of migration capacity. BM-MNCs from these groups were transplanted in female rats after MI induction. Late engraftment was evaluated by real-time PCR of the SRY chromosome. Percentage of CD34+/CD45+low cells was similar among different experimental groups in young rats, but was significantly higher in aged animals ( p < 0.001), particularly 28 days post-MI. KDR+/CD34+ cells were increased 48 h after MI and decreased 28 days post-MI in young animals, while they were profoundly reduced in the aged group ( p < 0.001). Triple staining for CD44+/CD29+/CD71+ cells was similar in different groups of aged rats, but we observed an intense increase 48 h post-MI in young animals. Colony-forming units and cytokine-induced migration were significantly attenuated 28 days after the MI. Late engraftment in infarcted transplanted female hearts was present, but considerably heterogeneous. Finally, recovery of left ventricular systolic function in transplanted female recipients was significantly influenced by donors' BM-MNCs groups ( p < 0.01). We have demonstrated that aging and timing of myocardial injury are factors that may act synergistically in determining stem cell availability and function. Such interaction should be considered when planning new cell therapy strategies for acute and chronic ischemic heart disease in the clinical arena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Ayala-Lugo
- Embriology and Cell Differentiation Laboratory, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Program of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Angela M. V. Tavares
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Cardiovascular Physiology Laboratory, Physiology Departament, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Ana H. R. Paz
- Embriology and Cell Differentiation Laboratory, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Ana Alegretti
- Embriology and Cell Differentiation Laboratory, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Ludmila Miquelito
- Embriology and Cell Differentiation Laboratory, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Hugo Bock
- Post-Graduate Program of Biologic Sciences: Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Roberto Giugliani
- Medical Genetics Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Program of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Program of Biologic Sciences: Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Biosciences Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Nadine Clausell
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Program of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Medical School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Elizabeth Cirne-Lima
- Embriology and Cell Differentiation Laboratory, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Veterinary School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Luis E. Rohde
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Program of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Medical School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Veiga ECA, Antonio EL, Bocalini DS, Murad N, Abreu LC, Tucci PJF, Sato MA. Prior exercise training does not prevent acute cardiac alterations after myocardial infarction in female rats. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2011; 66:889-93. [PMID: 21789396 PMCID: PMC3109391 DOI: 10.1590/s1807-59322011000500028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2010] [Accepted: 02/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate whether previous exercise training could prevent or attenuate acute cardiac alterations after myocardial infarction. METHODS Female rats were submitted to swim training (1 h/day; 5 days/week) or allowed to remain sedentary for 8 weeks. Afterwards, they were randomly assigned to left coronary artery occlusion or sham surgery. After this procedure, the rats remained sedentary for one week until euthanasia. Cardiac structural and functional analyses were performed using Doppler echocardiography. The rats that had a moderate or large infarct size were included in the evaluations. The data (mean ± SEM) were analyzed using a two-way ANOVA model followed by Tukey's post-hoc test. RESULTS After the surgery, no significant difference between the exercise and sedentary groups was observed in the left ventricular infarct sizes (34.58 ± 3.04 vs. 37.59 ± 3.07). In another group of rats evaluated with Evans blue 1 h after myocardial infarction, no siginificant difference in the area at risk was observed between the exercised and sedentary rats (49.73 ± 1.52 vs. 45.48 ± 3.49). The changes in the left ventricular fractional areas for the exercised and sedentary myocardial infarction groups (36 ± 2% and 39 ± 3%, respectively) were smaller than those for the exercise sham surgery (ES, 67 ± 1%) and sedentary sham surgery (SS, 69 ± 2%) groups. The E/A was higher in the sedentary myocardial infarction (4.4 ± 0.3) and exercised myocardial infarction (5.5 ± 0.3) rats than in the SS (2.4 ± 0.1) and ES (2.2 ± 0.1) rats. CONCLUSION Previous swim training of female rats does not attenuate systolic and diastolic function alterations after myocardial infarction induced by left coronary artery occlusion, suggesting that cardioprotection cannot be provided by exercise training in this experimental model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo C A Veiga
- Department of Medicine, Cardiology division. Universidade Federal de São Paulo - Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Tavares AMV, da Rosa Araújo AS, Baldo G, Matte U, Khaper N, Belló-Klein A, Rohde LE, Clausell N. Bone marrow derived cells decrease inflammation but not oxidative stress in an experimental model of acute myocardial infarction. Life Sci 2010; 87:699-706. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2010.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2010] [Revised: 09/29/2010] [Accepted: 10/08/2010] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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dos Santos L, Antonio EL, Souza AFM, Tucci PJF. Use of afterload hemodynamic stress as a practical method for assessing cardiac performance in rats with heart failure. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2010; 88:724-32. [PMID: 20651820 DOI: 10.1139/y10-062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
After myocardial infarction, the hemodynamics under basal conditions might appear to be unaltered, which makes it difficult to identify cardiac dysfunction by the usual approaches. Thus, we tested the response to sudden afterload stress in infarcted rats with apparently normal ejection function. Control (CT) and infarcted (MI) Wistar rats with various MI sizes were submitted to echocardiography 30 days after coronary occlusion, followed by assessment of hemodynamics under basal conditions and during a pharmacologically induced sudden pressure overload (phenylephrine 15-25 microg/kg, i.v.). Coronary occlusion resulted in cardiac remodeling proportional to MI size, although several functional parameters such as systolic pressure (SP), stroke volume (SV), and stroke work (SW) of all MI rats were similar to those of CT rats. However, the afterload stress that was produced led to a relative preservation of SV and an increase of SW in CT rats; MI rats exhibited a significant reduction in SV and SW generation, although global cardiac function was normal under basal conditions, as indicated by regular echocardiography and hemodynamics assessment. Thus, we propose the use of sudden pharmacologically induced afterload stress as a practical and efficient procedure for identifying impaired performance of the heart in anesthetized rats, providing an additional physiological variable to be evaluated in experimental therapeutic studies.
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Jorge L, Rodrigues B, Rosa KT, Malfitano C, Loureiro TCA, Medeiros A, Curi R, Brum PC, Lacchini S, Montano N, De Angelis K, Irigoyen MC. Cardiac and peripheral adjustments induced by early exercise training intervention were associated with autonomic improvement in infarcted rats: role in functional capacity and mortality. Eur Heart J 2010; 32:904-12. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehq244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
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40
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Schenkel PC, Tavares AMV, Fernandes RO, Diniz GP, Bertagnolli M, da Rosa Araujo AS, Barreto-Chaves ML, Ribeiro MFM, Clausell N, Belló-Klein A. Redox-sensitive prosurvival and proapoptotic protein expression in the myocardial remodeling post-infarction in rats. Mol Cell Biochem 2010; 341:1-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-010-0431-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2009] [Accepted: 02/26/2010] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Gonçalves GA, Vassallo PF, dos Santos L, Schettert IT, Nakamuta JS, Becker C, Tucci PJF, Krieger JE. Intramyocardial transplantation of fibroblasts expressing vascular endothelial growth factor attenuates cardiac dysfunction. Gene Ther 2009; 17:305-14. [DOI: 10.1038/gt.2009.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Xu J, Zhang C, Khanna A. Wideband high-frequency echocardiography to evaluate myocardial infarct size. JOURNAL OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE 2009; 28:1527-1534. [PMID: 19854968 DOI: 10.7863/jum.2009.28.11.1527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was designed to validate the feasibility of wideband high-frequency ultrasound imaging to resolve in vivo the degree, location, and morphologic changes of myocardial infarction (MI) in a rat model. METHODS The left anterior descending coronary artery was ligated in the test group (n = 41), and the sham control group did not have ligation (n = 7). The rats were examined with 10- to 22-MHz echocardiography to evaluate the MI size, location, and geometric formation. RESULTS The endocardial chamber shape was deformed, with enlargement of the anteroposterior dimension and fractional shortening, and was comparable with the degree of MI both in short- and long-axis sections of the left ventricle. Histologic analysis showed remodeling to different extents corresponding to different MI sizes (small, medium, and large). CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that this technique can be used in vivo to evaluate the MI location, size, and morphologic changes corresponding to the extent of the injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianping Xu
- Division of Cardiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 655 W Baltimore St, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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Araujo IG, Trindade DC, Mecawi AS, Sonoda-Côrtes R, Werneck-de-Castro JPS, Costa-e-Sousa RH, Reis LC, Olivares EL. INHIBITION OF BRAIN RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM IMPROVES DIASTOLIC CARDIAC FUNCTION FOLLOWING MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION IN RATS. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2009; 36:803-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1681.2009.05159.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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dos Santos L, Santos AA, Gonçalves GA, Krieger JE, Tucci PJF. Bone marrow cell therapy prevents infarct expansion and improves border zone remodeling after coronary occlusion in rats. Int J Cardiol 2009; 145:34-9. [PMID: 19577315 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2009.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2009] [Accepted: 06/06/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since the cell therapy benefits for myocardial infarction are mainly related to infarct reduction by regenerating lost myocardium or increasing survival of tissues at risk, we evaluated the effects of bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells (MNC), implanted after the completion of necrosis, on infarct progression and cardiac remodeling. METHODS After 48 h of induction of myocardial infarction (MI), Lewis-inbred rats were injected with 6 × 10(6) cells (MI+MNC) or saline (MI). After six weeks, scar dimension, ventricular morphology and function were analyzed by echocardiography followed by histomorphology of the infarcted and border zones. RESULTS After therapy, the relative size of the infarct was smaller in MI+MNC (37 ± 1% of the left ventricle) than in MI (43 ± 1%). While the MI group exhibited parallel elongation of the infarcted (31.6 ± 3.8% increase) and reminiscent ventricular portions (33.5 ± 3.7%), MNC therapy preserved the initial infarct length. Infarcted walls were thicker (979 ± 31 mm) in the MNC group than in the untreated group (709 ± 41 mm), also demonstrating an absence of infarct expansion. In the border zones, MNC led to increased capillary densities and capillary/myocyte ratios. The cardiac systolic function remained depressed in MI, but improved by 19 ± 5% in MI+MNC which reduced the incidence of pulmonary arterial hypertension (37.5% in MI and 6.25% in MI+MNC). CONCLUSION MNC therapy prevented the infarct expansion and thinning related to cardiac remodeling and was associated with an improvement of border zone microcirculation: as a result, MNC therapy reduced typical MI dysfunctional repercussions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo dos Santos
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Brazil, SP 04024-900, Brazil.
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Andrews Portes L, Magalhães Saraiva R, Alberta dos Santos A, Tucci PJF. SWIMMING TRAINING ATTENUATES REMODELING, CONTRACTILE DYSFUNCTION AND CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE IN RATS WITH MODERATE AND LARGE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTIONS. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2009; 36:394-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1681.2008.05070.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Santos AA, Helber I, Flumignan RL, Antonio EL, Carvalho AC, Paola ÂA, Tucci PJ, Moises VA. Doppler Echocardiographic Predictors of Mortality in Female Rats After Myocardial Infarction. J Card Fail 2009; 15:163-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2008.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2008] [Revised: 09/17/2008] [Accepted: 10/03/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Hanton G, Eder V, Rochefort G, Bonnet P, Hyvelin JM. Echocardiography, a non-invasive method for the assessment of cardiac function and morphology in preclinical drug toxicology and safety pharmacology. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2008; 4:681-96. [DOI: 10.1517/17425255.4.6.681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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de Macedo Braga LMG, Lacchini S, Schaan BD, Rodrigues B, Rosa K, De Angelis K, Borges LF, Irigoyen MC, Nardi NB. In situ delivery of bone marrow cells and mesenchymal stem cells improves cardiovascular function in hypertensive rats submitted to myocardial infarction. J Biomed Sci 2008; 15:365-74. [PMID: 18256904 DOI: 10.1007/s11373-008-9237-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2007] [Accepted: 01/14/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
This work aimed to evaluate cardiac morphology/function and histological changes induced by bone marrow cells (BMCs) and cultured mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) injected at the myocardium of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) submitted to surgical coronary occlusion. Female syngeneic adult SHR, submitted (MI) or not (C) to coronary occlusion, were treated 24 h later with in situ injections of normal medium (NM), or with MSCs (MSC) or BMCs (BM) from male rats. The animals were evaluated after 1 and 30 days by echocardiography, histology of heart sections and PCR for the Y chromosome. Improved ejection fraction and reduced left ventricle infarcted area were observed in MSC rats as compared to the other experimental groups. Treated groups had significantly reduced lesion tissue score, increased capillary density and normal (not-atrophied) myocytes, as compared to NM and C groups. The survival rate was higher in C, NM and MSC groups as compared to MI and BM groups. In situ injection of both MSCs and BMCs resulted in improved cardiac morphology, in a more physiological model of myocardial infarction represented by surgical coronary occlusion of spontaneously hypertensive rats. Only treatment with MSCs, however, ameliorated left ventricle dysfunction, suggesting a positive role of these cells in heart remodeling in infarcted hypertensive subjects.
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Dos Santos L, Mello A, Antonio E, Tucci P. Determination of myocardial infarction size in rats by echocardiography and tetrazolium staining: correlation, agreements, and simplifications. Braz J Med Biol Res 2008; 41:199-201. [DOI: 10.1590/s0100-879x2008005000007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2007] [Accepted: 12/19/2007] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- L. Dos Santos
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo; Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brasil
| | | | - E.L. Antonio
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo; Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brasil
| | - P.J.F. Tucci
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo; Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brasil
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Braga LMGDM, Rosa K, Rodrigues B, Malfitano C, Camassola M, Chagastelles P, Lacchini S, Fiorino P, De Angelis K, Schaan BD, Irigoyen MC, Nardi NB. Systemic delivery of adult stem cells improves cardiac function in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2007; 35:113-9. [PMID: 17973933 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1681.2007.04820.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
1. Heart regeneration after myocardial infarction (MI) can occur after cell therapy, but the mechanisms, cell types and delivery methods responsible for this improvement are still under investigation. In the present study, we evaluated the impact of systemic delivery of bone marrow cells (BMC) and cultivated mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) on cardiac morphology, function and mortality in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) submitted to coronary occlusion. 2. Female syngeneic adult SHR, submitted or not (control group; C) to MI, were treated with intravenous injection of MSC (MI + MSC) or BMC (MI + BM) from male rats and evaluated after 1, 15 and 30 days by echocardiography. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), functional capacity, histology, mortality rate and polymerase chain reaction for the Y chromosome were also analysed. 3. Myocardial infarction induced a decrease in SBP and BMC, but not MSC, prevented this decrease. An improvement in functional capacity and ejection fraction (38 +/- 4, 39 +/- 3 and 58 +/- 2% for MI, MI + MSC and MI + BM, respectively; P < 0.05), as well as a reduction of the left ventricle infarcted area, were observed in rats from the MI + BM group compared with the other three groups. Treated animals had a significantly reduced lesion tissue score. The mortality rate in the C, MI + BM, MI + MSC and MI groups was 0, 0, 16.7 and 44.4%, respectively (P < 0.05 for the MI + MSC and MI groups compared with the C and MI + BM groups). 4. The results of the present study suggest that systemic administration of BMC can improve left ventricular function, functional capacity and, consequently, reduce mortality in an animal model of MI associated with hypertension. We speculate that the cells transiently home to the myocardium, releasing paracrine factors that recruit host cells to repair the lesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa M G de Macedo Braga
- Department of Genetics, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, and State Foundation of Production and Research in Health of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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