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Tijerina A, Garza A, López A, Cavazos N, Romo A, Heya MS, Bouzas C, Tur JA, Salas R. An HPLC-UV Method to Assess Human Plasma 25(OH)D 3. Nutrients 2024; 16:2304. [PMID: 39064747 PMCID: PMC11280100 DOI: 10.3390/nu16142304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to validate an HPLC-UV method to assess vitamin D status by determining the linearity and precision of the 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D3) calibration curve, the limits of detection, quantitation and robustness of the method, and its accuracy. A second stock solution of 25(OH)D3 was prepared (500 ng/mL), and working dilutions (5, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 ng/mL) were prepared for a calibration curve. The HPLC equipment had a UV-Vis diode-array detector and utilized an AcclaimTM 120 C18 column (5 µm, 4.6 × 250 mm) with a flow rate of 1.2 mL/min, a column temperature of 30 °C, and the standards and samples were maintained at 4 °C, with an injection volume of 100 µL. Detection of 25(OH)D3 was determined at 265 nm, with a retention time of 4.0 min. The validation was conducted according to the FDA Validation of Analytical Procedures: Guidance for Industry. Vitamin D was extracted from plasma samples using acetonitrile (ACN)-0.1% formic acid (2:1 v/v), and the percentage of recovery was calculated. The proposed method conditions gave excellent linearity (R2 = 0.9989) and the linearity coefficient was R2 > 0.99 for 25(OH)D3. The detection and quantification limits were 1.1703 ng/mL and 3.5462 ng/mL, respectively. Decreasing or increasing the reading temperature by 1 °C decreased the response units (AU) of vitamin D, 25(OH)D3. When the current flow rate decreased by 0.2 mL/min (1.0 mL/min), the retention time increased to 4.913 min, whereas an increase of 0.2 mL/min of the proposed flow rate (1.4 mL/min) decreased the retention time to 3.500 min. The percentage of recovery varied from 92.2% to 97.1%. The proposed method to quantify a vitamin D metabolite (25(OH)D3) in human plasma samples was reliable and validated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Tijerina
- Faculty of Public Health and Nutrition, Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, Monterrey 64460, NL, Mexico
| | - Aurora Garza
- Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, Monterrey 64460, NL, Mexico
| | - Abad López
- Faculty of Public Health and Nutrition, Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, Monterrey 64460, NL, Mexico
| | - Norma Cavazos
- Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, Monterrey 64460, NL, Mexico
| | - Ana Romo
- Faculty of Public Health and Nutrition, Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, Monterrey 64460, NL, Mexico
| | - Michel S. Heya
- Faculty of Public Health and Nutrition, Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, Monterrey 64460, NL, Mexico
| | - Cristina Bouzas
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands—IUNICS, IDISBA & CIBEROBN, Guillem Colom Bldg, Campus, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- Health Institute of the Balearic Islands (IDISBA), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Josep A. Tur
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands—IUNICS, IDISBA & CIBEROBN, Guillem Colom Bldg, Campus, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- Health Institute of the Balearic Islands (IDISBA), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rogelio Salas
- Faculty of Public Health and Nutrition, Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, Monterrey 64460, NL, Mexico
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Ingegno M, Zianni R, Della Rovere I, Chiappinelli A, Nardelli V, Casamassima F, Calitri A, Quinto M, Nardiello D, Iammarino M. Development of a highly sensitive method based on QuEChERS and GC-MS/MS for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in infant foods. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1403541. [PMID: 38798769 PMCID: PMC11116592 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1403541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are environmental contaminants that can be found in various food products, including those intended for infants. Due to their potential health risks, it is crucial to develop sensitive analytical methods for the accurate determination of PAHs in infant foods. This study describes the development and validation of a highly sensitive method for the quantification of European PAH markers, namely benzo[a]pyrene, benzo[a]anthracene, chrysene, and benzo[b]fluoranthene, using gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS), in baby food samples. The first step was the optimization of the sample preparation procedure, performed using different methods based on the QuEChERS approach, also testing different extraction solvents. Several factors such as extraction efficiency, selectivity, and recovery were evaluated to choose the most effective procedure for sample preparation. Furthermore, the GC-MS/MS method was optimized, evaluating parameters such as linearity, sensitivity, accuracy, and robustness using spiked infant food samples. The method demonstrated excellent linearities with a correlation coefficient higher than 0.999 over a wide concentration range, and limits of detection and limits of quantification in the range 0.019-0.036 μg/kg and 0.06-0.11 μg/kg, respectively. Extraction recoveries were between 73.1 and 110.7%, with relative standard deviations always lower than 8%. These findings are compliant with the indications of the European Commission (Reg. 836/2011). To assess the applicability of the method to official control activities, a survey was conducted on commercially available infant food products. Four markers were determined in commercial samples belonging to different food categories for infants and young children. The outcome of this monitoring showed that PAH contamination, in all samples, was below the quantification limits. In conclusion, the developed GC-MS/MS method provides a highly sensitive and reliable approach for the determination of PAHs in baby foods. The optimized sample preparation, instrumental parameters, and validation results ensure accurate quantification of 4 PAHs even at trace levels. This method could contribute to the assessment of PAH exposure in infants and it could support regulatory efforts to ensure the safety and quality of infant food products with regular monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariateresa Ingegno
- Struttura Complessa di Chimica, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Puglia e della Basilicata, Foggia, Italy
| | - Rosalia Zianni
- Struttura Complessa di Chimica, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Puglia e della Basilicata, Foggia, Italy
| | - Ines Della Rovere
- Struttura Complessa di Chimica, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Puglia e della Basilicata, Foggia, Italy
| | - Andrea Chiappinelli
- Struttura Complessa di Chimica, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Puglia e della Basilicata, Foggia, Italy
| | - Valeria Nardelli
- Struttura Complessa di Chimica, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Puglia e della Basilicata, Foggia, Italy
| | - Francesco Casamassima
- Struttura Complessa di Chimica, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Puglia e della Basilicata, Foggia, Italy
| | - Anna Calitri
- Struttura Complessa di Chimica, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Puglia e della Basilicata, Foggia, Italy
| | - Maurizio Quinto
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Natural Resources and Engineering (DAFNE), University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Donatella Nardiello
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Natural Resources and Engineering (DAFNE), University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Marco Iammarino
- Struttura Complessa di Chimica, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Puglia e della Basilicata, Foggia, Italy
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Zapa DMB, Heller LM, de Aquino LM, Couto LFM, Gomes LVC, Ferreira LL, Vettorato LF, Barufi F, de Oliveira Arriero Amaral H, Chiummo RM, Sonada RB, de Castro Rodrigues D, Sakamoto CAM, Soares VE, da Costa AJ, Lopes WDZ. Toltrazuril + fenbendazole for cattle: Pharmacokinetics and efficacy against Eimeria spp. and gastrointestinal nematodes. Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports 2024; 47:100968. [PMID: 38199704 DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2023.100968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
The present work evaluated the pharmacokinetics and efficacy of the association of 15cmg/kg toltrazuril +5cmg/kg fenbendazole against Eimeria spp. and gastrointestinal nematodes (GINs) in calves of different regions of Brazil (Center-West, Southeast, and South). A total of seven experiments were carried out, five of which determined formulation efficacy against Eimeria spp., considering the following aspects: therapeutic, preventive, metaphylactic, and residual efficacy. Therapeutic efficacy experiments for GINs were carried out by parasitological necropsy. The toltrazuril + fenbendazole association demonstrated ≥95% efficacy against Eimeria spp. for 21 days post-treatment (DPT). When used preventively and metaphylatically, the same association demonstrated ≥97% efficacy against E. zuernii, E. ellipsoidalis, E. cylindrica, E. bovis, E. wyomingensis and E. auburnensis. Toltrazuril + fenbendazole administered seven days before challenge was 100% effective against all these Eimeria species. Results of therapeutic, preventive, metaphylactic and residual efficacies can be related to the pharmacokinetic results, especially considering toltrazuril sulfone, which was detected in animal plasma for a longer period than the parent compound. Toltrazuril + fenbendazole achieved 100% anthelminthic efficacy against the GINs Haemonchus placei (L4), Cooperia pectinata and Oesophagostomum radiatum; 99.94% against adult H. placei; and 99.98% against C. puntacta. The association of toltrazuril + fenbendazole, associated with other measures, is an important and suitable tool for the control and treatment of Eimeria spp. and GINs in young cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Maria Beltrán Zapa
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Luciana Maffini Heller
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Lídia Mendes de Aquino
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Luiz Felipe Monteiro Couto
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | | | - Lorena Lopes Ferreira
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Claudio Alessandro M Sakamoto
- Departamento de Saúde Coletiva Veterinária e Saúde Pública, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Alvimar José da Costa
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP/CPPAR. Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Welber Daniel Zanetti Lopes
- Centro de Parasitologia Veterinária, Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
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de Araújo PR, Sato MR, Luiz MT, Chorilli M. Validation of an Innovative Chromatographic Method for Hypericin Quantification in Nanostructured Lipid Carriers. J AOAC Int 2023; 106:1438-1442. [PMID: 37672013 DOI: 10.1093/jaoacint/qsad100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypericin (HYP) is a natural compound widely used as a food supplement. The encapsulation of HYP into nanosystems, such as nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC), is a promising strategy for delivering this lipophilic molecule and protecting it from degradation. OBJECTIVE This study aims to develop and validate an analytical method to quantify the encapsulation efficiency of HYP in NLC. METHOD A reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed and validated according to the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guide Q2 (R1). NLC was prepared through the ultrasonication method, and HYP encapsulation efficiency was evaluated using the validated method. RESULTS Separation was achieved using an isocratic mobile phase composed of acetonitrile, methanol, and ammonium acetate buffer (10 mM, pH 5.0) (54:36:10, v/v/v) and a reverse stationary phase. The specificity, linearity, precision, accuracy, and robustness of the method were assessed and confirmed during the validation. Furthermore, the validated method was able to determine the encapsulation efficiency of HYP in NLC. CONCLUSIONS The HPLC method was validated, and the results indicated the ability of NLC to deliver HYP compounds for further application as a food supplement. HIGHLIGHTS HYP is used as a food supplement and for photodynamic therapy (PDT). The developed method was specific, linear, precise, accurate, and robust. NLCs showed a high ability to encapsulate HYP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Rocha de Araújo
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 14800-903 Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana Rillo Sato
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 14800-903 Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcela Tavares Luiz
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 14800-903 Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marlus Chorilli
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 14800-903 Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
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Costa CLS, Santos LM, Castro ACF, Nascimento LTC, Silva JB, Silveira MB. Chromatographic method development using multivariate approaches for organic solvents optimized analysis in [ 18F]fluorocholine. Appl Radiat Isot 2023; 195:110736. [PMID: 36857813 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2023.110736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
A fast and simple method using Gas Chromatography combined with Flame Ionization Detection (GC-FID) was developed for the determination of ethanol, acetonitrile, dibromomethane, dimethylaminoethanol, and dimethyl sulfoxide in [18F]fluorocholine. The combination of fractional factorial design, Doehlert design, and Desirability function was used to evaluate the operational parameters and to establish the best working condition. The validation results revealed that the proposed method has good recovery (85.1-104.1%) and repeatability (RSD ≤8.1%). Correlation coefficients (R ≥ 0.983) indicated good linearity over a wide range. The limit of detection (≤2.5 ppm) and the limit of quantification (≤7.5 ppm) were satisfactory. The proposed method is based on minimum manual operation, sample preparation free, direct injection technique, and short chromatographic separation time. This method is useful for routine analysis of organic solvents in [18F]fluorocholine, feasible for the modernization of specific monograph, and was therefore successfully implemented to assess samples manufactured by Nuclear Technology Development Center (CDTN).
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassiano L S Costa
- Radiopharmaceutical Production and Development Unit, Nuclear Technology Development Center, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| | - Lucas M Santos
- Radiopharmaceutical Production and Development Unit, Nuclear Technology Development Center, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Ana C F Castro
- Radiopharmaceutical Production and Development Unit, Nuclear Technology Development Center, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Leonardo T C Nascimento
- Radiopharmaceutical Production and Development Unit, Nuclear Technology Development Center, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Juliana B Silva
- Radiopharmaceutical Production and Development Unit, Nuclear Technology Development Center, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Marina B Silveira
- Radiopharmaceutical Production and Development Unit, Nuclear Technology Development Center, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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Seiti H, Makui A, Hafezalkotob A, Khalaj M, Hameed IA. R.Graph: A new risk-based causal reasoning and its application to COVID-19 risk analysis. PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION : TRANSACTIONS OF THE INSTITUTION OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERS, PART B 2022; 159:585-604. [PMID: 35035118 PMCID: PMC8752193 DOI: 10.1016/j.psep.2022.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Various unexpected, low-probability events can have short or long-term effects on organizations and the global economy. Hence there is a need for appropriate risk management practices within organizations to increase their readiness and resiliency, especially if an event may lead to a series of irreversible consequences. One of the main aspects of risk management is to analyze the levels of change and risk in critical variables which the organization's survival depends on. In these cases, an awareness of risks provides a practical plan for organizational managers to reduce/avoid them. Various risk analysis methods aim at analyzing the interactions of multiple risk factors within a specific problem. This paper develops a new method of variability and risk analysis, termed R.Graph, to examine the effects of a chain of possible risk factors on multiple variables. Additionally, different configurations of risk analysis are modeled, including acceptable risk, analysis of maximum and minimum risks, factor importance, and sensitivity analysis. This new method's effectiveness is evaluated via a practical analysis of the economic consequences of new Coronavirus in the electricity industry.
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Key Words
- ANP, Analytic network process
- AR, Acceptable risk
- AXIOM, The advanced cross-impact option method
- BASICS, Batelle scenario inputs to corporate strategies
- BM, Bayesian model
- BN, Bayesian network
- BWM, Best-worst method
- CAST, Causal analysis based on systems theory
- CIAM, Cross impact analysis model
- COVID-19
- COVID-19, Coronavirus disease of 2019
- Causal chain
- DBN, Dynamic Bayesian network
- DEMATEL, Decision-making trial and evaluation
- EXIT, Express cross-impact technique
- GDP, Gross domestic product
- HAZOP, Hazard and operability study
- HWA, Hybrid weighted averaging
- INTERAX, The acronym for the futures research process
- ISM, Interpretive structural modeling
- MCM, Multi-criteria based model
- MICMAC, Cross-impact matrix multiplication applied to classification
- OECD, The organization for economic co-operation and development
- OWA, Ordered weighted averaging
- QFD, Quality function deployment
- R.Graph
- RBA, Risk-based approach
- Risk analysis
- SARS, Severe acute respiratory syndrome
- SCC, Spearman’s correlation coefficient
- SMIC, Cross impact systems and matrices
- STAMP, Systems-theoretic accident model and processes
- WAA, Weighted arithmetical averaging
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamidreza Seiti
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Makui
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ashkan Hafezalkotob
- College of Industrial Engineering, Islamic Azad University, South Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehran Khalaj
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Robat Karim Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ibrahim A Hameed
- Department of ICT and Natural Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 6009 Alesund, Norway
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Logoyda LS. YOUDEN'S TEST FOR CHROMATOGRAPHIC DETERMINATION OF ENALAPRIL IN PHARMACEUTICALS. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICINE AND MEDICAL RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.11603/ijmmr.2413-6077.2019.2.10896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Robustness tests were firstly introduced for avoiding problems in interlaboratory studies and identifying the factors potentially responsible. A robustness test performing in late validation procedure involves the possibility that when the method is established not robust, it should be redeveloped and optimized. At this stage much effort has been made and money spent for optimization and validation, and therefore avoiding this would be great.
Objective. The aim of the study was to consider the robustness of HPLC determination of enalapril (in tablets) by the Youden’s test.
Methods. Youden’s test was chosen as an efficient method to assess the robustness among all analytical methods that is by means of an experiment design, which involved seven analytical parameters combined in eight tests. In previous studies, we evaluated the chromatographic method robustness to quantify enalapril (in tablets) by Youden’s test.
Results. According to the Youden’s test criteria, HPLC method proved to be greatly robust regarding the enalapril content in introduction of variation of seven analytic parameters. The lowest variation in enalapril content was 0.91 %, when Grace Platinumр C8 EPS column (4.6 mm i.d. X 250 mm, 5 μm) was used. A holistic approach concerning simultaneous innovations in particle technology and instrument design was endeavored for the first time to meet and tackle the analytical laboratory issues. This was aimed at promoting success of analytical scientists as well as profitability and productiveness of business.
Conclusion. The Youden’s test has been proved to be an efficient and useful tool for evaluation of robustness of enalapril HPLC assay.
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Castro e Souza MA, Reis NFA, de Souza Batista L, da Costa César I, Fernandes C, Pianetti GA. An Easy and Rapid Spectrophotometric Method for Determination of Chloroquine Diphosphate in Tablets. CURR PHARM ANAL 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1573412914666180730123426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Introduction:
Malaria, an infectious disease caused by protozoa of the genus Plasmodium, is
highly prevalent in the Brazilian Amazon. Chloroquine is the first-choice drug for the treatment of malaria
caused by P. vivax and P. malariae. The humid and hot climate characteristic of the Brazilian
endemic region favors drug degradation and modification of its biopharmaceutical properties, which
may result in subtherapeutic dosage, formation of degradation products that can be toxic to humans and
appearance of parasitic resistance. Thus, it is necessary to monitor the quality of chloroquine tablets.
Materials and Methods:
An analytical method was developed and validated to determine chloroquine
content in tablets by ultraviolet spectrophotometry. The diluent consisted of 0.06 M monosodium phosphate
buffer pH 6.8 and detection was performed at 343 nm.
Results and Conclusion:
The method proved to be linear in the range of 7.2 to 19.2 µg.mL-1, precise,
accurate, selective, robust, and statistically equivalent to a liquid chromatographic method by the United
States Pharmacopeia. The developed method was applied to determine chloroquine content in six
batches of the drug. The evaluated batches were considered adequate for identification, assay, dissolution,
disintegration and uniformity of dosage units, and were found to be inadequate in terms of friability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateus Araújo Castro e Souza
- Quality Control Laboratory for Medicines and Cosmetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Naialy Fernandes Araújo Reis
- Quality Control Laboratory for Medicines and Cosmetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Larissa de Souza Batista
- Quality Control Laboratory for Medicines and Cosmetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Isabela da Costa César
- Quality Control Laboratory for Medicines and Cosmetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Christian Fernandes
- Quality Control Laboratory for Medicines and Cosmetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Gerson Antônio Pianetti
- Quality Control Laboratory for Medicines and Cosmetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Panda SS, Bera RKVV, Pradhan SS. Development and validation of a quality by design enabled robust LC method for estimation of daptomycin in pharmaceutical dosage form. SEPARATION SCIENCE PLUS 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/sscp.201900062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sagar Suman Panda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis & Quality AssuranceRoland Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Affiliated to Biju Patnaik University of Technology, Odisha) Berhampur Odisha India
| | - Ravi Kumar Venkata Varaha Bera
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis & Quality AssuranceRoland Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Affiliated to Biju Patnaik University of Technology, Odisha) Berhampur Odisha India
| | - Swati Swagatika Pradhan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis & Quality AssuranceRoland Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Affiliated to Biju Patnaik University of Technology, Odisha) Berhampur Odisha India
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Ferreira-Nunes R, Ferreira LA, Gratieri T, Cunha-Filho M, Gelfuso GM. Stability-indicating analytical method of quantifying spironolactone and canrenone in dermatological formulations and iontophoretic skin permeation experiments. Biomed Chromatogr 2019; 33:e4656. [PMID: 31322746 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A simple, stability-indicating, chromatographic method of quantifying spironolactone (SPI) and its metabolite, canrenone (CAN), in the presence of excipients typical in dermatological formulations and skin matrices in studies of passive and iontophoretic permeation was proposed and validated here. SPI and CAN were separated using a reversed-phase column with a mobile phase of methanol-water (60:40, v/v) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. Data were collected with a UV detector at 238 and 280 nm, with retention times of 6.2 and 7.9 min for SPI and CAN, respectively. The method was precise, accurate and linear (r2 > 0.99) in a concentration range of 1-30 μg/mL, and recovery rates of SPI and CAN from the different skin layers exceeded 85%. The method was not only sensitive (LOD of 0.05 and 0.375 μg/mL and LOQ of 0.157 and 1.139 μg/mL for SPI and CAN, respectively) but also selective against skin matrices and highly representative components of topical formulations. The method moreover demonstrated SPI's degradation in iontophoresis by applying Pt-AgCl electrodes and its continued drug stability using Ag-AgCl electrodes. Altogether, the method proved valuable for quantifying SPI and CAN and may be applied in developing and controlling the quality of dermatological products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Ferreira-Nunes
- Laboratory of Food, Drugs and Cosmetics (LTMAC), School of Health Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Larissa A Ferreira
- Laboratory of Food, Drugs and Cosmetics (LTMAC), School of Health Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Tais Gratieri
- Laboratory of Food, Drugs and Cosmetics (LTMAC), School of Health Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Marcilio Cunha-Filho
- Laboratory of Food, Drugs and Cosmetics (LTMAC), School of Health Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Guilherme M Gelfuso
- Laboratory of Food, Drugs and Cosmetics (LTMAC), School of Health Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
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Rajan M, Ferreira Barbosa P, Carvalho Gualberto N, de Oliveira CS, Santos Leite Neta MT, Narain N. Optimization and method validation of determining polyphenolic compounds by UFLC-DAD system using two biphenyl and pentafluorophenylpropyl columns. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2019.1598429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Murugan Rajan
- Laboratory of Flavor and Chromatographic Analysis, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Paula Ferreira Barbosa
- Laboratory of Flavor and Chromatographic Analysis, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Nayjara Carvalho Gualberto
- Laboratory of Flavor and Chromatographic Analysis, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão Sergipe, Brazil
| | | | | | - Narendra Narain
- Laboratory of Flavor and Chromatographic Analysis, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão Sergipe, Brazil
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Development and validation of analytical methodology by GC-FID using hexadecyl propanoate as an internal standard to determine the bovine tallow methyl esters content. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2018; 1093-1094:134-140. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2018.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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13
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Chromatographic separation of vildagliptin and l-
proline as in-process impurity with the application of Youden's test and statistical analysis to test the robustness of the HPLC method. SEPARATION SCIENCE PLUS 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/sscp.201800005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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14
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Carmo APBD, Borborema M, Ribeiro S, De-Oliveira ACX, Paumgartten FJR, Moreira DDL. A newly validated high-performance liquid chromatography method with diode array ultraviolet detection for analysis of the antimalarial drug primaquine in the blood plasma. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2017; 50:499-505. [PMID: 28954071 DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0023-2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Primaquine (PQ) diphosphate is an 8-aminoquinoline antimalarial drug with unique therapeutic properties. It is the only drug that prevents relapses of Plasmodium vivax or Plasmodium ovale infections. In this study, a fast, sensitive, cost-effective, and robust method for the extraction and high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array ultraviolet detection (HPLC-DAD-UV ) analysis of PQ in the blood plasma was developed and validated. METHODS: After plasma protein precipitation, PQ was obtained by liquid-liquid extraction and analyzed by HPLC-DAD-UV with a modified-silica cyanopropyl column (250mm × 4.6mm i.d. × 5μm) as the stationary phase and a mixture of acetonitrile and 10mM ammonium acetate buffer (pH = 3.80) (45:55) as the mobile phase. The flow rate was 1.0mL·min-1, the oven temperature was 50OC, and absorbance was measured at 264nm. The method was validated for linearity, intra-day and inter-day precision, accuracy, recovery, and robustness. The detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) limits were 1.0 and 3.5ng·mL-1, respectively. The method was used to analyze the plasma of female DBA-2 mice treated with 20mg.kg-1 (oral) PQ diphosphate. RESULTS: By combining a simple, low-cost extraction procedure with a sensitive, precise, accurate, and robust method, it was possible to analyze PQ in small volumes of plasma. The new method presents lower LOD and LOQ limits and requires a shorter analysis time and smaller plasma volumes than those of previously reported HPLC methods with DAD-UV detection. CONCLUSIONS: The new validated method is suitable for kinetic studies of PQ in small rodents, including mouse models for the study of malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Barbosa do Carmo
- Laboratório de Toxicologia Ambiental, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Manoella Borborema
- Laboratório de Toxicologia Ambiental, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Stephan Ribeiro
- Laboratório de Toxicologia Ambiental, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Ana Cecilia Xavier De-Oliveira
- Laboratório de Toxicologia Ambiental, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Francisco Jose Roma Paumgartten
- Laboratório de Toxicologia Ambiental, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Davyson de Lima Moreira
- Laboratório de Toxicologia Ambiental, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.,Departamento de Produtos Naturais, Instituto de Tecnologia em Fármacos - Farmanguinhos, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
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Sahu PK, Ramisetti NR, Cecchi T, Swain S, Patro CS, Panda J. An overview of experimental designs in HPLC method development and validation. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 147:590-611. [PMID: 28579052 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Revised: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Chemometric approaches have been increasingly viewed as precious complements to high performance liquid chromatographic practices, since a large number of variables can be simultaneously controlled to achieve the desired separations. Moreover, their applications may efficiently identify and optimize the significant factors to accomplish competent results through limited experimental trials. The present manuscript discusses usefulness of various chemometric approaches in high and ultra performance liquid chromatography for (i) methods development from dissolution studies and sample preparation to detection, considering the progressive substitution of traditional detectors with tandem mass spectrometry instruments and the importance of stability indicating assays (ii) method validation through screening and optimization designs. Choice of appropriate types of experimental designs so as to either screen the most influential factors or optimize the selected factors' combination and the mathematical models in chemometry have been briefly recalled and the advantages of chemometric approaches have been emphasized. The evolution of the design of experiments to the Quality by Design paradigm for method development has been reviewed and the Six Sigma practice as a quality indicator in chromatography has been explained. Chemometric applications and various strategies in chromatographic separations have been described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prafulla Kumar Sahu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Quality Assurance, Raghu College of Pharmacy, Dakamarri, Bheemunipatnam Mandal, Visakhapatnam, 531162, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Nageswara Rao Ramisetti
- Analytical Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana, India.
| | - Teresa Cecchi
- Chemistry Department, ITT MONTANI, Via Montani 7, 63900, Fermo, FM, Italy.
| | - Suryakanta Swain
- Department of Pharmaceutics, SIMS College of Pharmacy, Mangaladas Nagar, Vijayawada Road, Guntur, 522 001, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Chandra Sekhar Patro
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Quality Assurance, Raghu College of Pharmacy, Dakamarri, Bheemunipatnam Mandal, Visakhapatnam, 531162, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Jagadeesh Panda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Quality Assurance, Raghu College of Pharmacy, Dakamarri, Bheemunipatnam Mandal, Visakhapatnam, 531162, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Filho CMC, Neto MNL, Teixeira RS, Pais AACC, Valente AJM. Development and optimization of an HPLC–DAD method for quantification of six petroleum hydrocarbon compounds in aqueous samples. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2016.1274998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Manoel N. L. Neto
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Ceará, Campus do Pici, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Raquel S. Teixeira
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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Valese AC, Molognoni L, de Sá Ploêncio LA, de Lima FG, Gonzaga LV, Górniak SL, Daguer H, Barreto F, Oliveira Costa AC. A fast and simple LC-ESI-MS/MS method for detecting pyrrolizidine alkaloids in honey with full validation and measurement uncertainty. Food Control 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2016.02.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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18
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da Silva LM, Montanari CM, Santos OMM, Cazedey ECL, Ângelo ML, de Araújo MB. Quality evaluation of the Finasteride polymorphic forms I and II in capsules. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2015; 105:24-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2014.11.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Revised: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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19
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Karageorgou E, Samanidou V. Youden test application in robustness assays during method validation. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1353:131-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.01.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2013] [Revised: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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20
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Stability Study of Darunavir Ethanolate Tablets Applying a New Stability-Indicating HPLC Method. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1155/2013/834173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chemical and physical degradation of drugs may result in altered therapeutic efficacy and even toxic effects. Therefore, the aim of this work was to study the stability of darunavir and to develop and validate a liquid chromatography (LC) method to determine darunavir in raw material and tablets in the presence of degradation products. The novel method showed to be linear from 6.0 to 21.0 μg/mL, with high precision (CV < 2%) and accuracy (recuperation of 99.64%). It is simple and reliable, free of placebo interferences. The robustness of the method was evaluated by a factorial design using seven different parameters. Forced degradation study was done under alkaline, acidic, and oxidative stress at ambient temperature and by heating. The LC method was able to quantify and separate darunavir and its degradation products. Darunavir showed to be unstable under alkaline, acid, and oxidative conditions. The novelty of this study is understanding the factors that affect darunavir ethanolate stability in tablets, which is the first step to unravel the path to know the degradation products. The novel stability-indicating method can be used to monitor the drug and the main degradation products in low concentrations in which there is linearity.
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da Silva LM, Salgado HRN. Validation of a Stability-Indicating RP-LC Method for the Determination of Tigecycline in Lyophilized Powder. J Chromatogr Sci 2012; 51:192-9. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bms126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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