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Wang H. LINC00092 Enhances LPP Expression to Repress Thyroid Cancer Development via Sponging miR-542-3p. Horm Metab Res 2024; 56:150-158. [PMID: 37935247 DOI: 10.1055/a-2180-6624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
LINC00092 is poorly expressed in Thyroid cancer (TC), while its role in TC tumorigenesis is still elusive. This study aimed to reveal the role and regulatory mechanism of LINC00092 in TC.RNA immunoprecipitation and dual luciferase reporter assays were employed to ascertain the relationships among lipoma preferred partner (LPP), miR-542-3p, and LINC00092. qRT-PCR analysis was performed to detect their expression levels in TC. LPP protein productions were evaluated via western blotting. CCK-8, transwell, and colony formation assays were done to estimate TC cells' biological functions. A murine xenograft model was built to observe tumor formation in vivo.LINC00092 overexpression decreased the expression levels of miR-542-3p, and LPP was targeted by miR-542-3p. In TC cells and tissues, the elevation of miR-542-3p, and low amounts of LINC00092 and LPP can be observed. Both LINC00092 and SPAG6 were considered as the antineoplastic factors in TC since their overexpression dramatically repressed TC cells' invasive and proliferative potentials, while miR-542-3p exerted the opposite functions in TC. The ectopic expression of LINC00092 also suppressed tumor growth in vivo. In addition, it revealed that miR-542-3p upregulation reversed LINC00092 overexpression-mediated effects on TC cells. At the same time, the enhanced influences of TC cells caused by miR-542-3p upregulation could be attenuated by the enforced LPP.This study innovatively reveals that LINC00092 acts as an antineoplastic lncRNA to restrain the development of TC via regulating miR-542-3p/LPP. The findings of this study may provide a prospective drug target on LINC00092/miR-542-3p/LPP axis for the treatment of TC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Wang
- General Practice Section, Wuhan University of Science and Technology Hospital, Wuhan, China
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2
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Nanayakkara M, Bellomo C, Furone F, Maglio M, Marano A, Lania G, Porpora M, Nicoletti M, Auricchio S, Barone MV. PTPRK, an EGFR Phosphatase, Is Decreased in CeD Biopsies and Intestinal Organoids. Cells 2022; 12:cells12010115. [PMID: 36611909 PMCID: PMC9818839 DOI: 10.3390/cells12010115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Celiac disease (CeD) is an immune-mediated enteropathy triggered in genetically susceptible (HLA-DQ2/8) individuals by a group of wheat proteins and related prolamins from cereals. The celiac intestine is characterized by an inversion of the differentiation/proliferation program of the enterocytes, with an increase in the proliferative compartment and crypt hyperplasia, which are the mechanisms that regulate the increased proliferation in CeD that arenot completely understood.The aim of this study is to understand the role of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Receptor Type K (PTPRK), a nodal phosphatase that regulates EGFR activation in the proliferation of the enterocytes from CeD biopsies and organoids. METHODS The levels of PTPRK were evaluated by RT PCR, western blot (WB) and immunofluorescence techniques in intestinal biopsies and organoids from CeD patients and controls. Additionally, pEGFR and pERK were evaluated by WB and proliferation by BrdU incorporation. PTPRK si-RNA was silenced in CTR organoids and was overexpressed in CeD organoids. RESULTS PTPRK was reduced in Gluten Containing Diet-Celiac Disease (GCD-CeD) and Potential-Celiac Disease(Pot-CeD) biopsies (p < 0.01-p < 0.05) whereas pEGFR (p < 0.01 p < 0.01), pERK (p < 0.01 p < 0.01) and proliferation were increased. (p < 0.05 p < 0.05) respect to the controls.The CeD organoids reproduced these same alterations. Silencing of PTPRK in CTR organoids increased pEGFR, pERK and proliferation. The overexpression of PTPRK in CeD organoids reduced pEGFR, pERK and proliferation. CONCLUSIONS modulation of PTPRK levels can reduce or increase pEGFR, pERK and proliferation in CeD or CTR organoids, respectively. The CeD organoids can be a good model to study the mechanisms of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merlin Nanayakkara
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, University Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Claudia Bellomo
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, University Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Francesca Furone
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, University Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Mariantonia Maglio
- ELFID (European Laboratory for the Investigation of Food Induced Diseases), University Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Antonella Marano
- ELFID (European Laboratory for the Investigation of Food Induced Diseases), University Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giuliana Lania
- ELFID (European Laboratory for the Investigation of Food Induced Diseases), University Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Monia Porpora
- ELFID (European Laboratory for the Investigation of Food Induced Diseases), University Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Martina Nicoletti
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, University Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Salvatore Auricchio
- ELFID (European Laboratory for the Investigation of Food Induced Diseases), University Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Vittoria Barone
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, University Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
- ELFID (European Laboratory for the Investigation of Food Induced Diseases), University Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0817464568; Fax: +39-0817463116
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Al-Farsi H, Al-Azwani I, Malek JA, Chouchane L, Rafii A, Halabi NM. Discovery of new therapeutic targets in ovarian cancer through identifying significantly non-mutated genes. J Transl Med 2022; 20:244. [PMID: 35619151 PMCID: PMC9134657 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03440-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mutated and non-mutated genes interact to drive cancer growth and metastasis. While research has focused on understanding the impact of mutated genes on cancer biology, understanding non-mutated genes that are essential to tumor development could lead to new therapeutic strategies. The recent advent of high-throughput whole genome sequencing being applied to many different samples has made it possible to calculate if genes are significantly non-mutated in a specific cancer patient cohort. METHODS We carried out random mutagenesis simulations of the human genome approximating the regions sequenced in the publicly available Cancer Growth Atlas Project for ovarian cancer (TCGA-OV). Simulated mutations were compared to the observed mutations in the TCGA-OV cohort and genes with the largest deviations from simulation were identified. Pathway analysis was performed on the non-mutated genes to better understand their biological function. We then compared gene expression, methylation and copy number distributions of non-mutated and mutated genes in cell lines and patient data from the TCGA-OV project. To directly test if non-mutated genes can affect cell proliferation, we carried out proof-of-concept RNAi silencing experiments of a panel of nine selected non-mutated genes in three ovarian cancer cell lines and one primary ovarian epithelial cell line. RESULTS We identified a set of genes that were mutated less than expected (non-mutated genes) and mutated more than expected (mutated genes). Pathway analysis revealed that non-mutated genes interact in cancer associated pathways. We found that non-mutated genes are expressed significantly more than mutated genes while also having lower methylation and higher copy number states indicating that they could be functionally important. RNAi silencing of the panel of non-mutated genes resulted in a greater significant reduction of cell viability in the cancer cell lines than in the non-cancer cell line. Finally, as a test case, silencing ANKLE2, a significantly non-mutated gene, affected the morphology, reduced migration, and increased the chemotherapeutic response of SKOV3 cells. CONCLUSION We show that we can identify significantly non-mutated genes in a large ovarian cancer cohort that are well-expressed in patient and cell line data and whose RNAi-induced silencing reduces viability in three ovarian cancer cell lines. Targeting non-mutated genes that are important for tumor growth and metastasis is a promising approach to expand cancer therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Joel A Malek
- Genomics Core, Weill Cornell Medicine in Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Lotfi Chouchane
- Genetic Intelligence Laboratory, Weill Cornell Medicine in Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Arash Rafii
- Genetic Intelligence Laboratory, Weill Cornell Medicine in Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Najeeb M Halabi
- Genetic Intelligence Laboratory, Weill Cornell Medicine in Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar.
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4
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Jin Y, Yang S, Gao X, Chen D, Luo T, Su S, Shi Y, Yang G, Dong L, Liang J. DEAD-Box Helicase 27 Triggers Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition by Regulating Alternative Splicing of Lipoma-Preferred Partner in Gastric Cancer Metastasis. Front Genet 2022; 13:836199. [PMID: 35601484 PMCID: PMC9114675 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.836199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
DEAD-box helicase 27 (DDX27) was previously identified as an important mediator during carcinogenesis, while its role in gastric cancer (GC) is not yet fully elucidated. Here, we aimed to investigate the mechanism and clinical significance of DDX27 in GC. Public datasets were analyzed to determine DDX27 expression profiling. The qRT-PCR, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry analyses were employed to investigate the DDX27 expression in GC cell lines and clinical samples. The role of DDX27 in GC metastasis was explored in vitro and in vivo. Mass spectrometry, RNA-seq, and alternative splicing analysis were conducted to demonstrate the DDX27-mediated molecular mechanisms in GC. We discovered that DDX27 was highly expressed in GCs, and a high level of DDX27 indicated poor prognosis. An increased DDX27 expression could promote GC metastasis, while DDX27 knockdown impaired GC aggressiveness. Mechanically, the LLP expression was significantly altered after DDX27 downregulation, and further results indicated that LPP may be regulated by DDX27 via alternative splicing. In summary, our study indicated that DDX27 contributed to GC malignant progression via a prometastatic DDX27/LPP/EMT regulatory axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yirong Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Suzhen Yang
- Department of Digestive Disease and Gastrointestinal Motility Research Room, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xiaoliang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Di Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Tingting Luo
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
| | - Song Su
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yanting Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Gang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Lei Dong
- Department of Digestive Disease and Gastrointestinal Motility Research Room, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Lei Dong, ; Jie Liang,
| | - Jie Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Lei Dong, ; Jie Liang,
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Wang H, Wu J, Ling R, Li F, Yang Q, He J, Lei X, Wu C, Zhang G, Zheng B, Peng Y, Zhang Y, Chen H, Ye G, Li G. Fibroblast-derived LPP as a biomarker for treatment response and therapeutic target in gastric cancer. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2022; 24:547-560. [PMID: 35229032 PMCID: PMC8857546 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2022.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Association of tumor microenvironment and immune checkpoint (e.g., PD-L1) is important for immune escape, impacting chemotherapy and immunotherapy efficacy. We aimed to investigate biomarkers and therapeutic targets against treatment resistance in gastric cancer. Abundances of tumor-infiltrating immune cells were estimated in multiple datasets. Three patient subgroups (A, B, and C) were identified based on seven types of PD-L1- and IFN-γ-associated immune cells. Patients yielded increased prognosis from subgroup A to C (p = 0.027). Subgroup A was characterized by high activated CD4+ memory T cell infiltration, while more resting CD4+ memory T cells were in subgroup C. Further, a risk score was developed for prognostication. Lipoma preferred partner (LPP), as the hub gene in subgroup-related regulatory network, was upregulated (p < 0.01) and was associated with high risk score (p < 0.001) and poor survival (p < 0.05). Bioinformatics analyses and experiments found that LPP expressed restrictively in fibroblasts and associated with activated CD4+ memory T cell infiltration and tumor growth. High-LPP patients yielded fewer benefits from chemotherapy or immunotherapy, compared with the low-LPP group. We finally identified 28 compounds as sensitive drugs for high-LPP patients. Our findings suggested LPP might be a biomarker for treatment response and therapeutic target in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Minimally Invasive Surgery, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Minimally Invasive Surgery, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Ruoyu Ling
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Minimally Invasive Surgery, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Fengping Li
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Minimally Invasive Surgery, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Qingbin Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Minimally Invasive Surgery, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jiayong He
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Minimally Invasive Surgery, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xuetao Lei
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Minimally Invasive Surgery, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Chaorui Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Minimally Invasive Surgery, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Guofan Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Minimally Invasive Surgery, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Boyang Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Minimally Invasive Surgery, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yanmei Peng
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Minimally Invasive Surgery, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yihao Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Minimally Invasive Surgery, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Minimally Invasive Surgery, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Gengtai Ye
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Minimally Invasive Surgery, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Guoxin Li
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Minimally Invasive Surgery, 1838 North Guangzhou Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Tumor, Guangzhou 510515, China
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Panagopoulos I, Andersen K, Gorunova L, Lund-Iversen M, Lobmaier I, Heim S. Recurrent Fusion of the Genes for High-mobility Group AT-hook 2 ( HMGA2) and Nuclear Receptor Co-repressor 2 ( NCOR2) in Osteoclastic Giant Cell-rich Tumors of Bone. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2022; 19:163-177. [PMID: 35181586 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Chimeras involving the high-mobility group AT-hook 2 gene (HMGA2 in 12q14.3) have been found in lipomas and other benign mesenchymal tumors. We report here a fusion of HMGA2 with the nuclear receptor co-repressor 2 gene (NCOR2 in 12q24.31) repeatedly found in tumors of bone and the first cytogenetic investigation of this fusion. MATERIALS AND METHODS Six osteoclastic giant cell-rich tumors were investigated using G-banding, RNA sequencing, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, Sanger sequencing, and fluorescence in situ hybridization. RESULTS Four tumors had structural chromosomal aberrations of 12q. The pathogenic variant c.103_104GG>AT (p.Gly35Met) in the H3.3 histone A gene was found in a tumor without 12q aberration. In-frame HMGA2-NCOR2 fusion transcripts were found in all tumors. In two cases, the presence of an HMGA2-NCOR2 fusion gene was confirmed by FISH on metaphase spreads. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate that a subset of osteoclastic giant cell-rich tumors of bone are characterized by an HMGA2-NCOR2 fusion gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Panagopoulos
- Section for Cancer Cytogenetics, Institute for Cancer Genetics and Informatics, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway;
| | - Kristin Andersen
- Section for Cancer Cytogenetics, Institute for Cancer Genetics and Informatics, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ludmila Gorunova
- Section for Cancer Cytogenetics, Institute for Cancer Genetics and Informatics, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Marius Lund-Iversen
- Department of Pathology, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingvild Lobmaier
- Department of Pathology, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sverre Heim
- Section for Cancer Cytogenetics, Institute for Cancer Genetics and Informatics, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Sporkova A, Ghosh S, Al-Hasani J, Hecker M. Lin11-Isl1-Mec3 Domain Proteins as Mechanotransducers in Endothelial and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells. Front Physiol 2021; 12:769321. [PMID: 34867475 PMCID: PMC8640458 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.769321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Arterial hypertension is the leading risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality worldwide. However, little is known about the cellular mechanisms underlying it. In small arteries and arterioles, a chronic increase in blood pressure raises wall tension and hence stretches, namely, the medial vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) but also endothelial cell (EC) to cell contacts. Initially compensated by an increase in vascular tone, the continuous biomechanical strain causes a prominent change in gene expression in both cell types, frequently driving an arterial inward remodeling process that ultimately results in a reduction in lumen diameter, stiffening of the vessel wall, and fixation of blood pressure, namely, diastolic blood pressure, at the elevated level. Sensing and propagation of this supraphysiological stretch into the nucleus of VSMC and EC therefore seems to be a crucial step in the initiation and advancement of hypertension-induced arterial remodeling. Focal adhesions (FA) represent an important interface between the extracellular matrix and Lin11-Isl1-Mec3 (LIM) domain-containing proteins, which can translocate from the FA into the nucleus where they affect gene expression. The varying biomechanical cues to which vascular cells are exposed can thus be rapidly and specifically propagated to the nucleus. Zyxin was the first protein described with such mechanotransducing properties. It comprises 3 C-terminal LIM domains, a leucine-rich nuclear export signal, and N-terminal features that support its association with the actin cytoskeleton. In the cytoplasm, zyxin promotes actin assembly and organization as well as cell motility. In EC, zyxin acts as a transcription factor, whereas in VSMC, it has a less direct effect on mechanosensitive gene expression. In terms of homology and structural features, lipoma preferred partner is the nearest relative of zyxin among the LIM domain proteins. It is almost exclusively expressed by smooth muscle cells in the adult, resides like zyxin at FA but seems to affect mechanosensitive gene expression indirectly, possibly via altering cortical actin dynamics. Here, we highlight what is currently known about the role of these LIM domain proteins in mechanosensing and transduction in vascular cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Sporkova
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Subhajit Ghosh
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jaafar Al-Hasani
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research) Partner Site, Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | - Markus Hecker
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research) Partner Site, Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
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Abstract
Age-associated changes in gene expression in skeletal muscle of healthy individuals reflect accumulation of damage and compensatory adaptations to preserve tissue integrity. To characterize these changes, RNA was extracted and sequenced from muscle biopsies collected from 53 healthy individuals (22-83 years old) of the GESTALT study of the National Institute on Aging-NIH. Expression levels of 57,205 protein-coding and non-coding RNAs were studied as a function of aging by linear and negative binomial regression models. From both models, 1134 RNAs changed significantly with age. The most differentially abundant mRNAs encoded proteins implicated in several age-related processes, including cellular senescence, insulin signaling, and myogenesis. Specific mRNA isoforms that changed significantly with age in skeletal muscle were enriched for proteins involved in oxidative phosphorylation and adipogenesis. Our study establishes a detailed framework of the global transcriptome and mRNA isoforms that govern muscle damage and homeostasis with age.
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Discepolo V, Lania G, Ten Eikelder MLG, Nanayakkara M, Sepe L, Tufano R, Troncone R, Auricchio S, Auricchio R, Paolella G, Barone MV. Pediatric Celiac Disease Patients Show Alterations of Dendritic Cell Shape and Actin Rearrangement. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052708. [PMID: 33800150 PMCID: PMC7962447 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Celiac disease (CD) is a frequent intestinal inflammatory disease occurring in genetically susceptible individuals upon gluten ingestion. Recent studies point to a role in CD for genes involved in cell shape, adhesion and actin rearrangements, including a Rho family regulator, Rho GTPase-activating protein 31 (ARHGAP31). In this study, we investigated the morphology and actin cytoskeletons of peripheral monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs) from children with CD and controls when in contact with a physiological substrate, fibronectin. DCs were generated from peripheral blood monocytes of pediatric CD patients and controls. After adhesion on fibronectin, DCs showed a higher number of protrusions and a more elongated shape in CD patients compared with controls, as assessed by immunofluorescence actin staining, transmitted light staining and video time-lapse microscopy. These alterations did not depend on active intestinal inflammation associated with gluten consumption and were specific to CD, since they were not found in subjects affected by other intestinal inflammatory conditions. The elongated morphology was not a result of differences in DC activation or maturation status, and did not depend on the human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DQ2 haplotype. Notably, we found that ARH-GAP31 mRNA levels were decreased while RhoA-GTP activity was increased in CD DCs, pointing to an impairment of the Rho pathway in CD cells. Accordingly, Rho inhibition was able to prevent the cytoskeleton rearrangements leading to the elongated morphology of celiac DCs upon adhesion on fibronectin, confirming the role of this pathway in the observed phenotype. In conclusion, adhesion on fibronectin discriminated CD from the controls' DCs, revealing a gluten-independent CD-specific cellular phenotype related to DC shape and regulated by RhoA activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Discepolo
- European Laboratory for the Investigation of Food Induced Diseases, Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, and ELFID, University Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.D.); (G.L.); (M.N.); (R.T.); (S.A.); (R.A.); (G.P.)
| | - Giuliana Lania
- European Laboratory for the Investigation of Food Induced Diseases, Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, and ELFID, University Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.D.); (G.L.); (M.N.); (R.T.); (S.A.); (R.A.); (G.P.)
| | | | - Merlin Nanayakkara
- European Laboratory for the Investigation of Food Induced Diseases, Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, and ELFID, University Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.D.); (G.L.); (M.N.); (R.T.); (S.A.); (R.A.); (G.P.)
| | - Leandra Sepe
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (L.S.); (R.T.)
| | - Rossella Tufano
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (L.S.); (R.T.)
| | - Riccardo Troncone
- European Laboratory for the Investigation of Food Induced Diseases, Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, and ELFID, University Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.D.); (G.L.); (M.N.); (R.T.); (S.A.); (R.A.); (G.P.)
| | - Salvatore Auricchio
- European Laboratory for the Investigation of Food Induced Diseases, Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, and ELFID, University Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.D.); (G.L.); (M.N.); (R.T.); (S.A.); (R.A.); (G.P.)
| | - Renata Auricchio
- European Laboratory for the Investigation of Food Induced Diseases, Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, and ELFID, University Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.D.); (G.L.); (M.N.); (R.T.); (S.A.); (R.A.); (G.P.)
| | - Giovanni Paolella
- European Laboratory for the Investigation of Food Induced Diseases, Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, and ELFID, University Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.D.); (G.L.); (M.N.); (R.T.); (S.A.); (R.A.); (G.P.)
| | - Maria Vittoria Barone
- European Laboratory for the Investigation of Food Induced Diseases, Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, and ELFID, University Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.D.); (G.L.); (M.N.); (R.T.); (S.A.); (R.A.); (G.P.)
- Correspondence:
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10
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Huang H, Xue Q, Du X, Cui J, Wang J, Cheng D, Li J, Zheng Y, Huang G, Zhang K, Liu K, Lu J, Zhao J, Chen X, Dong Z, Li X. p21-activated kinase 4 promotes the progression of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by targeting LASP1. Mol Carcinog 2020; 60:38-50. [PMID: 33289209 PMCID: PMC7756368 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors of the digestive tract in humans. Several studies have indicated that PAK4 is associated with the risk of ESCC and may be a potential druggable kinase for ESCC treatment. However, the underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. The aim of our study is to identify the functional role of PAK4 in ESCC. To determine the expression of PAK4 in ESCC, Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry were performed, and the results showed that PAK4 is significantly upregulated in ESCC tissues and cell lines compared with normal controls and normal esophageal epithelial cell line. To further investigate the role of PAK4 in ESCC, cell viability assays, anchorage-independent cell growth assays, wound healing assays, cellular invasion assays, in vivo xenograft mouse models, and metastasis assays were conducted, and the results showed that PAK4 can significantly facilitate ESCC proliferation and metastasis in vitro and in vivo. To determine the potential target of PAK4 in ESCC progression, a pull-down assay was performed, and the results showed that LASP1 may be a potential target of PAK4. An immunoprecipitation assay and confocal microscopy analysis confirmed that PAK4 can bind to and colocalize with LASP1 in vitro and in cells. Notably, rescue experiments further illustrated the mechanistic network of PAK4/LASP1. Our research reveals the oncogenic roles of PAK4 in ESCC and preliminarily elucidates the mechanistic network of PAK4/LASP1 in ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Huang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Qianqian Xue
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
- Department of Public HealthNanshi Hospital of NanyangNanyangHenanChina
| | - Xiaoge Du
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
- China‐US (Henan) Hormel Cancer InstituteZhengzhouHenanChina
- Department of NursingHenan Health School of Medicine and PharmacyPingdingshanHenanChina
| | - Jie Cui
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
- China‐US (Henan) Hormel Cancer InstituteZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Dan Cheng
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
- China‐US (Henan) Hormel Cancer InstituteZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Jiaqiong Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
- China‐US (Henan) Hormel Cancer InstituteZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Yaqiu Zheng
- China‐US (Henan) Hormel Cancer InstituteZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Guojing Huang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Keke Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
- China‐US (Henan) Hormel Cancer InstituteZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Kangdong Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
- China‐US (Henan) Hormel Cancer InstituteZhengzhouHenanChina
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer ChemopreventionZhengzhouHenanChina
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Jing Lu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer ChemopreventionZhengzhouHenanChina
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Jimin Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer ChemopreventionZhengzhouHenanChina
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Xinhuan Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer ChemopreventionZhengzhouHenanChina
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Ziming Dong
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer ChemopreventionZhengzhouHenanChina
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
- China‐US (Henan) Hormel Cancer InstituteZhengzhouHenanChina
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer ChemopreventionZhengzhouHenanChina
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
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11
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Kiepas A, Voorand E, Senecal J, Ahn R, Annis MG, Jacquet K, Tali G, Bisson N, Ursini-Siegel J, Siegel PM, Brown CM. The SHCA adapter protein cooperates with lipoma-preferred partner in the regulation of adhesion dynamics and invadopodia formation. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:10535-10559. [PMID: 32299913 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.011903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
SHC adaptor protein (SHCA) and lipoma-preferred partner (LPP) mediate transforming growth factor β (TGFβ)-induced breast cancer cell migration and invasion. Reduced expression of either protein diminishes breast cancer lung metastasis, but the reason for this effect is unclear. Here, using total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy, we found that TGFβ enhanced the assembly and disassembly rates of paxillin-containing adhesions in an SHCA-dependent manner through the phosphorylation of the specific SHCA tyrosine residues Tyr-239, Tyr-240, and Tyr-313. Using a BioID proximity labeling approach, we show that SHCA exists in a complex with a variety of actin cytoskeletal proteins, including paxillin and LPP. Consistent with a functional interaction between SHCA and LPP, TGFβ-induced LPP localization to cellular adhesions depended on SHCA. Once localized to the adhesions, LPP was required for TGFβ-induced increases in cell migration and adhesion dynamics. Mutations that impaired LPP localization to adhesions (mLIM1) or impeded interactions with the actin cytoskeleton via α-actinin (ΔABD) abrogated migratory responses to TGFβ. Live-cell TIRF microscopy revealed that SHCA clustering at the cell membrane preceded LPP recruitment. We therefore hypothesize that, in the presence of TGFβ, SHCA promotes the formation of small, dynamic adhesions by acting as a nucleator of focal complex formation. Finally, we defined a previously unknown function for SHCA in the formation of invadopodia, a process that also required LPP. Our results reveal that SHCA controls the formation and function of adhesions and invadopodia, two key cellular structures required for breast cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Kiepas
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montréal H3G 1Y6, Québec, Canada.,Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal H3A 1A3, Québec, Canada
| | - Elena Voorand
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal H3A 1A3, Québec, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal H3G 1Y6, Québec, Canada
| | - Julien Senecal
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal H3A 1A3, Québec, Canada.,Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal H4A 3J1, Québec, Canada
| | - Ryuhjin Ahn
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal H4A 3J1, Québec, Canada.,Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Montréal, Québec H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Matthew G Annis
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal H3A 1A3, Québec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal H3G 1Y6, Québec, Canada
| | - Kévin Jacquet
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec G1R 2J6, Canada
| | - George Tali
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montréal H3G 1Y6, Québec, Canada
| | - Nicolas Bisson
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec G1R 2J6, Canada.,PROTEO Network and Cancer Research Centre, Université Laval, Québec, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Josie Ursini-Siegel
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal H3G 1Y6, Québec, Canada.,Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Montréal, Québec H3T 1E2, Canada.,Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montréal H4A 3T2, Québec, Canada
| | - Peter M Siegel
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal H3A 1A3, Québec, Canada .,Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal H3G 1Y6, Québec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal H3G 1Y6, Québec, Canada
| | - Claire M Brown
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montréal H3G 1Y6, Québec, Canada .,Advanced BioImaging Facility (ABIF), McGill University, Montréal H3G 0B1, Québec, Canada
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12
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Lyons PA, Peters JE, Alberici F, Liley J, Coulson RMR, Astle W, Baldini C, Bonatti F, Cid MC, Elding H, Emmi G, Epplen J, Guillevin L, Jayne DRW, Jiang T, Gunnarsson I, Lamprecht P, Leslie S, Little MA, Martorana D, Moosig F, Neumann T, Ohlsson S, Quickert S, Ramirez GA, Rewerska B, Schett G, Sinico RA, Szczeklik W, Tesar V, Vukcevic D, Terrier B, Watts RA, Vaglio A, Holle JU, Wallace C, Smith KGC. Genome-wide association study of eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis reveals genomic loci stratified by ANCA status. Nat Commun 2019; 10:5120. [PMID: 31719529 PMCID: PMC6851141 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12515-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) is a rare inflammatory disease of unknown cause. 30% of patients have anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) specific for myeloperoxidase (MPO). Here, we describe a genome-wide association study in 676 EGPA cases and 6809 controls, that identifies 4 EGPA-associated loci through conventional case-control analysis, and 4 additional associations through a conditional false discovery rate approach. Many variants are also associated with asthma and six are associated with eosinophil count in the general population. Through Mendelian randomisation, we show that a primary tendency to eosinophilia contributes to EGPA susceptibility. Stratification by ANCA reveals that EGPA comprises two genetically and clinically distinct syndromes. MPO+ ANCA EGPA is an eosinophilic autoimmune disease sharing certain clinical features and an HLA-DQ association with MPO+ ANCA-associated vasculitis, while ANCA-negative EGPA may instead have a mucosal/barrier dysfunction origin. Four candidate genes are targets of therapies in development, supporting their exploration in EGPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul A Lyons
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
- Cambridge Institute for Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0AW, UK
| | - James E Peters
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
- BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Wort's Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
- Health Data Research UK, Cambridge, UK
| | - Federico Alberici
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
- Nephrology and Immunopathology Unit-ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, San Carlo Borromeo Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - James Liley
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
- Medical Research Council Biostatistics Unit, Cambridge Institute of Public Health, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0SR, UK
| | - Richard M R Coulson
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - William Astle
- BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Wort's Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
- Medical Research Council Biostatistics Unit, Cambridge Institute of Public Health, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0SR, UK
- NHS Blood and Transplant, Long Road, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Francesco Bonatti
- Unit of Molecular Genetics, University Hospital of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - Maria C Cid
- Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), CRB-CELLEX, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Heather Elding
- The National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Unit in Donor Health and Genomics at the University of Cambridge, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Wort's Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
- Department of Human Genetics, The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1HH, UK
| | - Giacomo Emmi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Jörg Epplen
- Human Genetics, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Loïc Guillevin
- Service de Médecine Interne, Hôpital Cochin, 75679, Paris Cedex 14, France
| | - David R W Jayne
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Tao Jiang
- BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Wort's Causeway, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Iva Gunnarsson
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Lamprecht
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Lübeck, 23562, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Stephen Leslie
- Schools of Mathematics and Statistics, and BioSciences, and Melbourne Integrative Genomics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
- Data Science, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Mark A Little
- Trinity Health Kidney Centre, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Tallaght Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Davide Martorana
- Unit of Molecular Genetics, University Hospital of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - Frank Moosig
- Rheumazentrum Schleswig-Holstein Mitte, Neumünster, Germany
| | - Thomas Neumann
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- Department of Rheumatology, Immunology and Rehabilitation, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Sophie Ohlsson
- Department of Nephrology, Division of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Stefanie Quickert
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine 4 (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectious Diseases), Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Giuseppe A Ramirez
- Unit of Immunology, Rheumatology, Allergy and Rare Diseases, Università Vita Salute San Raffaele and IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Georg Schett
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg and Universitatsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Renato A Sinico
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca (School of Medicine and Surgery), via Cadore, 48, 20900, Monza, Italy
| | | | - Vladimir Tesar
- Department of Nephrology, 1st Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Damjan Vukcevic
- Schools of Mathematics and Statistics, and BioSciences, and Melbourne Integrative Genomics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
- Data Science, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Benjamin Terrier
- Service de Médecine Interne, Hôpital Cochin, 75679, Paris Cedex 14, France
| | - Richard A Watts
- Department of Rheumatology, Ipswich Hospital, Heath Road, Ipswich, Suffolk, IP4 5PD, UK
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR7 4TJ, UK
| | - Augusto Vaglio
- Department of Biomedical Experimental and Clinical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Firenze, and Meyer Children's Hospital, Firenze, Italy
| | - Julia U Holle
- Rheumazentrum Schleswig-Holstein Mitte, Neumünster, Germany
| | - Chris Wallace
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
- Cambridge Institute for Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0AW, UK
- Medical Research Council Biostatistics Unit, Cambridge Institute of Public Health, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0SR, UK
| | - Kenneth G C Smith
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.
- Cambridge Institute for Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0AW, UK.
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13
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LPP and RYR2 Gene Polymorphisms Correlate with the Risk and the Prognosis of Astrocytoma. J Mol Neurosci 2019; 69:628-635. [DOI: 10.1007/s12031-019-01391-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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14
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Feng Y, Ma C, Zhang Y, Yang X, Zhang D, Xie M, Li W, Wei J. 3'UTR SNPs in the LPP gene associated with Immunoglobulin A nephropathy risk in the Chinese Han population. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 74:105668. [PMID: 31295688 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.05.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between Lipoma preferred partner (LPP) gene polymorphisms and the risk of Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) in the Chinese Han population. In this case-control study, we genotyped three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the LPP gene in 357 IgAN cases and 384 controls, using Agena Bioscience MassARRAY technology and assessed their association with IgAN using the χ2 test and genetic model analysis. The odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess risk and were adjusted for age and gender by logistic regression. In the allele model, there were significant associations between LPP rs1064607 (OR = 1.24; 95% CI = 1.01-1.53; p = 0.041), rs3796283 (OR = 1.32; 95% CI = 1.08-1.63; p = 0.008), and rs2378456 (OR = 1.29; 95% CI = 1.05-1.59; p = 0.016), as well as an increased risk of IgAN. In the dominant model, the "G/C-C/C" genotypes of rs1064607 (p = 0.023), the "G/A-G/G" genotypes of rs3796283 (p = 0.0013) and the "G/C-C/C" genotypes of rs2378456 (p = 0.00052) were risk factors for IgAN. The results of the stratified analysis showed that rs3796283 and rs2378456 were connected with susceptibility to IgAN in different subgroups. Our data may provide new evidence to research the etiology of IgAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Feng
- Department of Immunology, Affiliated Children's hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shanxi 710068, China
| | - Chunyang Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, First affiliated hospital of Hainan medical college, Haikou, Hainan 570311, China.
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan, Haikou, Hainan 570311, China
| | - Xiaohong Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan, Haikou, Hainan 570311, China
| | - Daofa Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan, Haikou, Hainan 570311, China
| | - Maowei Xie
- Department of Nephrology, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan, Haikou, Hainan 570311, China
| | - Wenning Li
- Department of Nephrology, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan, Haikou, Hainan 570311, China
| | - Jiali Wei
- Department of Nephrology, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan, Haikou, Hainan 570311, China.
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15
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Gene expression profiling of hematologic malignant cell lines resistant to oncolytic virus treatment. Oncotarget 2018; 8:1213-1225. [PMID: 27901484 PMCID: PMC5352049 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Pexa-Vec (pexastimogene devacirpvec; JX-594) has emerged as an attractive tool in oncolytic virotherapy. Pexa-Vec demonstrates oncolytic and immunotherapeutic mechanisms of action. But the determinants of resistance to Pexa-Vec are mostly unknown. We treated hemoatologic malignant cells with Pexa-Vec and examined the gene-expression pattern of sensitive and resistant cells. Human myeloid malignant cell lines (RPMI-8226, IM-9, K562, THP-1) and lymphoid cancer cell lines (MOLT4, CCRF-CEM, Ramos, U937) were treated with Pexa-Vec. Pexa-Vec was cytotoxic on myeloid cell lines in a dose-dependent manner, and fluorescent imaging and qPCR revealed that Pexa-Vec expression was low in RAMOS than IM-9 after 24 hrs and 48 hrs of infection. Gene expression profiles between two groups were analyzed by microarray. Genes with at least 2-fold increase or decrease in their expression were identified. A total of 660 genes were up-regulated and 776 genes were down-regulated in lymphoid cancer cell lines. The up- and down-regulated genes were categorized into 319 functional gene clusters. We identified the top 10 up-regulated genes in lymphoid cells. Among them three human genes (LEF1, STAMBPL1, and SLFN11) strongly correlated with viral replication. Up-regulation of PVRIG, LPP, CECR1, Arhgef6, IRX3, IGFBP2, CD1d were related to resistant to Pexa-Vec. In conclusion, lymphoid malignant cells are resistant to Pexa-Vec and displayed up-regulated genes associated with resistance to oncolytic viral therapy. These data provide potential targets to overcome resistance, and suggest that molecular assays may be useful in selecting patients for further clinical trials with Pexa-Vec.
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16
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Ngan E, Kiepas A, Brown CM, Siegel PM. Emerging roles for LPP in metastatic cancer progression. J Cell Commun Signal 2017; 12:143-156. [PMID: 29027626 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-017-0415-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
LIM domain containing proteins are important regulators of diverse cellular processes, and play pivotal roles in regulating the actin cytoskeleton. Lipoma Preferred Partner (LPP) is a member of the zyxin family of LIM proteins that has long been characterized as a promoter of mesenchymal/fibroblast cell migration. More recently, LPP has emerged as a critical inducer of tumor cell migration, invasion and metastasis. LPP is thought to contribute to these malignant phenotypes by virtue of its ability to shuttle into the nucleus, localize to adhesions and, most recently, to promote invadopodia formation. In this review, we will examine the mechanisms through which LPP regulates the functions of adhesions and invadopodia, and discuss potential roles of LPP in mediating cellular responses to mechanical cues within these mechanosensory structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine Ngan
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, 1160 Pine Avenue West, Room 508, Montréal, Québec, H3A 1A3, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Alex Kiepas
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Claire M Brown
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Peter M Siegel
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, 1160 Pine Avenue West, Room 508, Montréal, Québec, H3A 1A3, Canada. .,Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
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17
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A proteomic analysis of LRRK2 binding partners reveals interactions with multiple signaling components of the WNT/PCP pathway. Mol Neurodegener 2017; 12:54. [PMID: 28697798 PMCID: PMC5505151 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-017-0193-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autosomal-dominant mutations in the Park8 gene encoding Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) have been identified to cause up to 40% of the genetic forms of Parkinson's disease. However, the function and molecular pathways regulated by LRRK2 are largely unknown. It has been shown that LRRK2 serves as a scaffold during activation of WNT/β-catenin signaling via its interaction with the β-catenin destruction complex, DVL1-3 and LRP6. In this study, we examine whether LRRK2 also interacts with signaling components of the WNT/Planar Cell Polarity (WNT/PCP) pathway, which controls the maturation of substantia nigra dopaminergic neurons, the main cell type lost in Parkinson's disease patients. METHODS Co-immunoprecipitation and tandem mass spectrometry was performed in a mouse substantia nigra cell line (SN4741) and human HEK293T cell line in order to identify novel LRRK2 binding partners. Inhibition of the WNT/β-catenin reporter, TOPFlash, was used as a read-out of WNT/PCP pathway activation. The capacity of LRRK2 to regulate WNT/PCP signaling in vivo was tested in Xenopus laevis' early development. RESULTS Our proteomic analysis identified that LRRK2 interacts with proteins involved in WNT/PCP signaling such as the PDZ domain-containing protein GIPC1 and Integrin-linked kinase (ILK) in dopaminergic cells in vitro and in the mouse ventral midbrain in vivo. Moreover, co-immunoprecipitation analysis revealed that LRRK2 binds to two core components of the WNT/PCP signaling pathway, PRICKLE1 and CELSR1, as well as to FLOTILLIN-2 and CULLIN-3, which regulate WNT secretion and inhibit WNT/β-catenin signaling, respectively. We also found that PRICKLE1 and LRRK2 localize in signalosomes and act as dual regulators of WNT/PCP and β-catenin signaling. Accordingly, analysis of the function of LRRK2 in vivo, in X. laevis revelaed that LRKK2 not only inhibits WNT/β-catenin pathway, but induces a classical WNT/PCP phenotype in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Our study shows for the first time that LRRK2 activates the WNT/PCP signaling pathway through its interaction to multiple WNT/PCP components. We suggest that LRRK2 regulates the balance between WNT/β-catenin and WNT/PCP signaling, depending on the binding partners. Since this balance is crucial for homeostasis of midbrain dopaminergic neurons, we hypothesize that its alteration may contribute to the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease.
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LPP is a Src substrate required for invadopodia formation and efficient breast cancer lung metastasis. Nat Commun 2017; 8:15059. [PMID: 28436416 PMCID: PMC5413977 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
We have previously shown that lipoma preferred partner (LPP) mediates TGFβ-induced breast cancer cell migration and invasion. Herein, we demonstrate that diminished LPP expression reduces circulating tumour cell numbers, impairs cancer cell extravasation and diminishes lung metastasis. LPP localizes to invadopodia, along with Tks5/actin, at sites of matrix degradation and at the tips of extravasating breast cancer cells as revealed by intravital imaging of the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM). Invadopodia formation, breast cancer cell extravasation and metastasis require an intact LPP LIM domain and the ability of LPP to interact with α-actinin. Finally, we show that Src-mediated LPP phosphorylation at specific tyrosine residues (Y245/301/302) is critical for invadopodia formation, breast cancer cell invasion and metastasis. Together, these data define a previously unknown function for LPP in the formation of invadopodia and reveal a requirement for LPP in mediating the metastatic ability of breast cancer cells.
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Chahal HS, Wu W, Ransohoff KJ, Yang L, Hedlin H, Desai M, Lin Y, Dai HJ, Qureshi AA, Li WQ, Kraft P, Hinds DA, Tang JY, Han J, Sarin KY. Genome-wide association study identifies 14 novel risk alleles associated with basal cell carcinoma. Nat Commun 2016; 7:12510. [PMID: 27539887 PMCID: PMC4992160 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common cancer worldwide with an annual incidence of 2.8 million cases in the United States alone. Previous studies have demonstrated an association between 21 distinct genetic loci and BCC risk. Here, we report the results of a two-stage genome-wide association study of BCC, totalling 17,187 cases and 287,054 controls. We confirm 17 previously reported loci and identify 14 new susceptibility loci reaching genome-wide significance (P<5 × 10(-8), logistic regression). These newly associated SNPs lie within predicted keratinocyte regulatory elements and in expression quantitative trait loci; furthermore, we identify candidate genes and non-coding RNAs involved in telomere maintenance, immune regulation and tumour progression, providing deeper insight into the pathogenesis of BCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harvind S. Chahal
- Department of Dermatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Wenting Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Melvin & Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, USA
| | - Katherine J. Ransohoff
- Department of Dermatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Lingyao Yang
- Department of Medicine (Quantitative Sciences Unit), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Haley Hedlin
- Department of Medicine (Quantitative Sciences Unit), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Manisha Desai
- Department of Medicine (Quantitative Sciences Unit), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Yuan Lin
- Department of Epidemiology, Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Melvin & Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, USA
| | - Hong-Ji Dai
- Department of Epidemiology, Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Melvin & Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Hospital and Institute, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin & Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Abrar A. Qureshi
- Department of Dermatology, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02903, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02903, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Wen-Qing Li
- Department of Dermatology, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02903, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02903, USA
| | - Peter Kraft
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | | | - Jean Y. Tang
- Department of Dermatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Jiali Han
- Department of Epidemiology, Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Melvin & Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Hospital and Institute, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin & Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Kavita Y. Sarin
- Department of Dermatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
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Zhang C, Wu H, Wang Y, Zhao Y, Fang X, Chen C, Chen H. Expression Patterns of Circular RNAs from Primary Kinase Transcripts in the Mammary Glands of Lactating Rats. J Breast Cancer 2015; 18:235-41. [PMID: 26472973 PMCID: PMC4600687 DOI: 10.4048/jbc.2015.18.3.235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a novel class of RNAs, perform important functions in biological processes. However, the role of circRNAs in the mammary gland remains unknown. The present study is aimed at identifying and characterizing the circRNAs expressed in the mammary gland of lactating rats. Methods Deep sequencing of RNase R-enriched rat lactating mammary gland samples was performed and circRNAs were predicted using a previously reported computational pipeline. Gene ontology terms of circRNA-producing genes were also analyzed. Results A total of 6,824 and 4,523 circRNAs were identified from rat mammary glands at two different lactation stages. Numerous circRNAs were specifically expressed at different lactation stages, and only 1,314 circRNAs were detected at both lactation stages. The majority of the candidate circRNAs map to noncoding intronic and intergenic regions. The results demonstrate a circular preference or specificity of some genes. DAVID analysis revealed an enrichment of protein kinases and related proteins among the set of genes encoding circRNAs. Interestingly, four protein-coding genes (Rev3l, IGSF11, MAML2, and LPP) that also transcribe high levels of circRNAs have been reported to be involved in cancer. Conclusion Our findings provide the basis for comparison between breast cancer profiles and for selecting representative circRNA candidates for future functional characterization in breast development and breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- ChunLei Zhang
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Hui Wu
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - YanHong Wang
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - YuLong Zhao
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - XingTang Fang
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - CaiFa Chen
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Hong Chen
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
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Orth MF, Cazes A, Butt E, Grunewald TGP. An update on the LIM and SH3 domain protein 1 (LASP1): a versatile structural, signaling, and biomarker protein. Oncotarget 2015; 6:26-42. [PMID: 25622104 PMCID: PMC4381576 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 12/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The gene encoding the LIM and SH3 domain protein (LASP1) was cloned two decades ago from a cDNA library of breast cancer metastases. As the first protein of a class comprising one N-terminal LIM and one C-terminal SH3 domain, LASP1 founded a new LIM-protein subfamily of the nebulin group. Since its discovery LASP1 proved to be an extremely versatile protein because of its exceptional structure allowing interaction with various binding partners, its ubiquitous expression in normal tissues, albeit with distinct expression patterns, and its ability to transmit signals from the cytoplasm into the nucleus. As a result, LASP1 plays key roles in cell structure, physiological processes, and cell signaling. Furthermore, LASP1 overexpression contributes to cancer aggressiveness hinting to a potential value of LASP1 as a cancer biomarker. In this review we summarize published data on structure, regulation, function, and expression pattern of LASP1, with a focus on its role in human cancer and as a biomarker protein. In addition, we provide a comprehensive transcriptome analysis of published microarrays (n=2,780) that illustrates the expression profile of LASP1 in normal tissues and its overexpression in a broad range of human cancer entities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin F Orth
- Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University Clinic of Würzburg, Grombühlstrasse, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Alex Cazes
- Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University Clinic of Würzburg, Grombühlstrasse, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Elke Butt
- Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University Clinic of Würzburg, Grombühlstrasse, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Thomas G P Grunewald
- Laboratory for Pediatric Sarcoma Biology, Institute of Pathology of the LMU Munich, Thalkirchner Strasse, Munich, Germany
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Darnet S, Moreira FC, Hamoy IG, Burbano R, Khayat A, Cruz A, Magalhães L, Silva A, Santos S, Demachki S, Assumpção M, Assumpção P, Ribeiro-Dos-Santos Â. High-Throughput Sequencing of miRNAs Reveals a Tissue Signature in Gastric Cancer and Suggests Novel Potential Biomarkers. Bioinform Biol Insights 2015; 9:1-8. [PMID: 26157332 PMCID: PMC4485834 DOI: 10.4137/bbi.s23773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Revised: 03/29/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer has a high incidence and mortality rate worldwide; however, the use of biomarkers for its clinical diagnosis remains limited. The microRNAs (miRNAs) are biomarkers with the potential to identify the risk and prognosis as well as therapeutic targets. We performed the ultradeep miRnomes sequencing of gastric adenocarcinoma and gastric antrum without tumor samples. We observed that a small set of those samples were responsible for approximately 80% of the total miRNAs expression, which might represent a miRNA tissue signature. Additionally, we identified seven miRNAs exhibiting significant differences, and, of these, hsa-miR-135b and hsa-miR-29c were able to discriminate antrum without tumor from gastric cancer regardless of the histological type. These findings were validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The results revealed that hsa-miR-135b and hsa-miR-29c are potential gastric adenocarcinoma occurrence biomarkers with the ability to identify individuals at a higher risk of developing this cancer, and could even be used as therapeutic targets to allow individualized clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Darnet
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Fabiano C Moreira
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil. ; Área de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Centro Universitário do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Igor G Hamoy
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil. ; Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Campus de Capanema, PA, Brazil
| | - Rommel Burbano
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil. ; Núcleo de Pesquisa em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - André Khayat
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil. ; Núcleo de Pesquisa em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Aline Cruz
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Leandro Magalhães
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Artur Silva
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Sidney Santos
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil. ; Núcleo de Pesquisa em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Samia Demachki
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil. ; Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Monica Assumpção
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil. ; Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Paulo Assumpção
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil. ; Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Ândrea Ribeiro-Dos-Santos
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil. ; Núcleo de Pesquisa em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
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Kuriyama S, Yoshida M, Yano S, Aiba N, Kohno T, Minamiya Y, Goto A, Tanaka M. LPP inhibits collective cell migration during lung cancer dissemination. Oncogene 2015; 35:952-64. [DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2014] [Revised: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Gliadin peptides as triggers of the proliferative and stress/innate immune response of the celiac small intestinal mucosa. Int J Mol Sci 2014. [PMID: 25387079 DOI: 10.3390/ijms151120518.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Celiac disease (CD) is a frequent inflammatory intestinal disease, with a genetic background, caused by gliadin-containing food. Undigested gliadin peptides induce innate and adaptive T cell-mediated immune responses. The major mediator of the stress and innate immune response to gliadin peptides (i.e., peptide 31-43, P31-43) is the cytokine interleukin-15 (IL-15). The role of epithelial growth factor (EGF) as a mediator of enterocyte proliferation and the innate immune response has been described. In this paper, we review the most recent literature on the mechanisms responsible for triggering the up-regulation of these mediators in CD by gliadin peptides. We will discuss the role of P31-43 in enterocyte proliferation, structural changes and the innate immune response in CD mucosa in cooperation with EGF and IL-15, and the mechanism of up-regulation of these mediators related to vesicular trafficking. We will also review the literature that focuses on constitutive alterations of the structure, signalling/proliferation and stress/innate immunity pathways of CD cells. Finally, we will discuss how these pathways can be triggered by gliadin peptide P31-43 in controls, mimicking the celiac cellular phenotype.
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Barone MV, Troncone R, Auricchio S. Gliadin peptides as triggers of the proliferative and stress/innate immune response of the celiac small intestinal mucosa. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:20518-37. [PMID: 25387079 PMCID: PMC4264181 DOI: 10.3390/ijms151120518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Revised: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Celiac disease (CD) is a frequent inflammatory intestinal disease, with a genetic background, caused by gliadin-containing food. Undigested gliadin peptides induce innate and adaptive T cell-mediated immune responses. The major mediator of the stress and innate immune response to gliadin peptides (i.e., peptide 31–43, P31–43) is the cytokine interleukin-15 (IL-15). The role of epithelial growth factor (EGF) as a mediator of enterocyte proliferation and the innate immune response has been described. In this paper, we review the most recent literature on the mechanisms responsible for triggering the up-regulation of these mediators in CD by gliadin peptides. We will discuss the role of P31–43 in enterocyte proliferation, structural changes and the innate immune response in CD mucosa in cooperation with EGF and IL-15, and the mechanism of up-regulation of these mediators related to vesicular trafficking. We will also review the literature that focuses on constitutive alterations of the structure, signalling/proliferation and stress/innate immunity pathways of CD cells. Finally, we will discuss how these pathways can be triggered by gliadin peptide P31–43 in controls, mimicking the celiac cellular phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Vittoria Barone
- Department of Translational Medical Science (Section of Pediatrics), University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, Naples 80131, Italy.
| | - Riccardo Troncone
- Department of Translational Medical Science (Section of Pediatrics), University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, Naples 80131, Italy.
| | - Salvatore Auricchio
- European Laboratory for the Investigation of Food Induced Diseases (ELFID), University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, Naples 80131, Italy.
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Pérot G, Mendiboure J, Brouste V, Velasco V, Terrier P, Bonvalot S, Guillou L, Ranchère-Vince D, Aurias A, Coindre JM, Chibon F. Smooth muscle differentiation identifies two classes of poorly differentiated pleomorphic sarcomas with distinct outcome. Mod Pathol 2014; 27:840-50. [PMID: 24287457 DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.2013.205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2013] [Accepted: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The clinical relevance of accurately diagnosing pleomorphic sarcomas has been shown, especially in cases of undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcomas with myogenic differentiation, which appear significantly more aggressive. To establish a new smooth muscle differentiation classification and to test its prognostic value, 412 sarcomas with complex genetics were examined by immunohistochemistry using four smooth muscle markers (calponin, h-caldesmon, transgelin and smooth muscle actin). Two tumor categories were first defined: tumors with positivity for all four markers and tumors with no or incomplete phenotypes. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that this classification method exhibited the strongest prognostic value compared with other prognostic factors, including histological classification. Secondly, incomplete or absent smooth muscle phenotype tumor group was then divided into subgroups by summing for each tumor the labeling intensities of all four markers for each tumors. A subgroup of tumors with an incomplete but strong smooth muscle differentiation phenotype presenting an intermediate metastatic risk was thus identified. Collectively, our results show that the smooth muscle differentiation classification method may be a useful diagnostic tool as well as a relevant prognostic tool for undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaëlle Pérot
- 1] Institut Bergonié, Department of Pathology, Bordeaux, France [2] INSERM U916, Bordeaux, France
| | - Jean Mendiboure
- Institut Bergonié, Clinical and Epidemiological Research Unit, Bordeaux, France
| | - Véronique Brouste
- Institut Bergonié, Clinical and Epidemiological Research Unit, Bordeaux, France
| | - Valérie Velasco
- Institut Bergonié, Department of Pathology, Bordeaux, France
| | - Philippe Terrier
- Institut Gustave Roussy, Department of Pathology, Villejuif, France
| | - Sylvie Bonvalot
- Institut Gustave Roussy, Department of Surgery, Villejuif, France
| | - Louis Guillou
- University Institute of Pathology, CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Alain Aurias
- 1] Institut Bergonié, Department of Pathology, Bordeaux, France [2] INSERM U916, Bordeaux, France
| | - Jean-Michel Coindre
- 1] Institut Bergonié, Department of Pathology, Bordeaux, France [2] INSERM U916, Bordeaux, France
| | - Frédéric Chibon
- 1] Institut Bergonié, Department of Pathology, Bordeaux, France [2] INSERM U916, Bordeaux, France
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Moreira FC, Assumpção M, Hamoy IG, Darnet S, Burbano R, Khayat A, Gonçalves AN, Alencar DO, Cruz A, Magalhães L, Araújo Jr. W, Silva A, Santos S, Demachki S, Assumpção P, Ribeiro-dos-Santos Â. MiRNA expression profile for the human gastric antrum region using ultra-deep sequencing. PLoS One 2014; 9:e92300. [PMID: 24647245 PMCID: PMC3960242 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0092300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 02/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background MicroRNAs are small non-coding nucleotide sequences that regulate gene expression. These structures are fundamental to several biological processes, including cell proliferation, development, differentiation and apoptosis. Identifying the expression profile of microRNAs in healthy human gastric antrum mucosa may help elucidate the miRNA regulatory mechanisms of the human stomach. Methodology/Principal Findings A small RNA library of stomach antrum tissue was sequenced using high-throughput SOLiD sequencing technology. The total read count for the gastric mucosa antrum region was greater than 618,000. After filtering and aligning using with MirBase, 148 mature miRNAs were identified in the gastric antrum tissue, totaling 3,181 quality reads; 63.5% (2,021) of the reads were concentrated in the eight most highly expressed miRNAs (hsa-mir-145, hsa-mir-29a, hsa-mir-29c, hsa-mir-21, hsa-mir-451a, hsa-mir-192, hsa-mir-191 and hsa-mir-148a). RT-PCR validated the expression profiles of seven of these highly expressed miRNAs and confirmed the sequencing results obtained using the SOLiD platform. Conclusions/Significance In comparison with other tissues, the antrum’s expression profile was unique with respect to the most highly expressed miRNAs, suggesting that this expression profile is specific to stomach antrum tissue. The current study provides a starting point for a more comprehensive understanding of the role of miRNAs in the regulation of the molecular processes of the human stomach.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Monica Assumpção
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brasil
- Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brasil
| | - Igor G. Hamoy
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brasil
- Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Capanema, PA, Brasil
| | - Sylvain Darnet
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brasil
| | - Rommel Burbano
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brasil
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brasil
| | - André Khayat
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brasil
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brasil
| | | | - Dayse O. Alencar
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brasil
| | - Aline Cruz
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brasil
- Secretaria Estadual de Saúde do Estado do Pará, Belém, PA, Brasil
| | - Leandro Magalhães
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brasil
| | - Wilson Araújo Jr.
- Centro Regional de Hemoterapia, Faculdade Medicina Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - Artur Silva
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brasil
| | - Sidney Santos
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brasil
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brasil
| | - Samia Demachki
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brasil
- Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brasil
| | - Paulo Assumpção
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brasil
- Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brasil
| | - Ândrea Ribeiro-dos-Santos
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brasil
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Oncologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brasil
- * E-mail:
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miR-142-3p enhances FcεRI-mediated degranulation in mast cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013; 443:980-6. [PMID: 24361879 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.12.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2013] [Accepted: 12/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Mast cells are immune cells derived from hematopoietic progenitors. When they are activated by stimuli, they immediately release granule-associated mediators, leading to allergic inflammation. Several factors controlling mediator release have been identified; however, little is known whether microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in this process. miRNAs are a small class of non-coding RNAs that negatively regulate gene expression. In this study, we investigated the relationship between miRNAs and degranulation in LAD2 cells, a human mast cell line. We demonstrated that silencing of Dicer, a key enzyme of miRNA biogenesis, attenuates degranulation, indicating that miRNAs are involved in mast cell degranulation. We furthermore discovered that the overexpression of miR-142-3p enhances FcεRI-mediated degranulation and that miR-142-3p rescues the reduction of degranulation by silencing Dicer. Similar effects were observed in bone marrow-derived mast cells obtained miR-142-3p-deficient mice. Our studies suggest that miR-142-3p is a potential therapeutic target in pathological conditions caused by mast cells, such as mastocytosis and allergies.
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Van Itallie CM, Tietgens AJ, Aponte A, Fredriksson K, Fanning AS, Gucek M, Anderson JM. Biotin ligase tagging identifies proteins proximal to E-cadherin, including lipoma preferred partner, a regulator of epithelial cell-cell and cell-substrate adhesion. J Cell Sci 2013; 127:885-95. [PMID: 24338363 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.140475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Known proteins associated with the cell-adhesion protein E-cadherin include catenins and proteins involved in signaling, trafficking and actin organization. However, the list of identified adherens junction proteins is likely to be incomplete, limiting investigation into this essential cell structure. To expand the inventory of potentially relevant proteins, we expressed E-cadherin fused to biotin ligase in MDCK epithelial cells, and identified by mass spectrometry neighboring proteins that were biotinylated. The most abundant of the 303 proteins identified were catenins and nearly 40 others that had been previously reported to influence cadherin function. Many others could be rationalized as novel candidates for regulating the adherens junction, cytoskeleton, trafficking or signaling. We further characterized lipoma preferred partner (LPP), which is present at both cell contacts and focal adhesions. Knockdown of LPP demonstrated its requirement for E-cadherin-dependent adhesion and suggested that it plays a role in coordination of the cell-cell and cell-substrate cytoskeletal interactions. The analysis of LPP function demonstrates proof of principle that the proteomic analysis of E-cadherin proximal proteins expands the inventory of components and tools for understanding the function of E-cadherin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina M Van Itallie
- Laboratory of Tight Junction Structure and Function, NHLBI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Nanayakkara M, Kosova R, Lania G, Sarno M, Gaito A, Galatola M, Greco L, Cuomo M, Troncone R, Auricchio S, Auricchio R, Barone MV. A celiac cellular phenotype, with altered LPP sub-cellular distribution, is inducible in controls by the toxic gliadin peptide P31-43. PLoS One 2013; 8:e79763. [PMID: 24278174 PMCID: PMC3838353 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0079763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2013] [Accepted: 09/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Celiac disease (CD) is a frequent inflammatory intestinal disease, with a genetic background, caused by gliadin-containing food. Undigested gliadin peptides P31-43 and P57-68 induce innate and adaptive T cell-mediated immune responses, respectively. Alterations in the cell shape and actin cytoskeleton are present in celiac enterocytes, and gliadin peptides induce actin rearrangements in both the CD mucosa and cell lines. Cell shape is maintained by the actin cytoskeleton and focal adhesions, sites of membrane attachment to the extracellular matrix. The locus of the human Lipoma Preferred Partner (LPP) gene was identified as strongly associated with CD using genome-wide association studies (GWAS). The LPP protein plays an important role in focal adhesion architecture and acts as a transcription factor in the nucleus. In this study, we examined the hypothesis that a constitutive alteration of the cell shape and the cytoskeleton, involving LPP, occurs in a cell compartment far from the main inflammation site in CD fibroblasts from skin explants. We analyzed the cell shape, actin organization, focal adhesion number, focal adhesion proteins, LPP sub-cellular distribution and adhesion to fibronectin of fibroblasts obtained from CD patients on a Gluten-Free Diet (GFD) and controls, without and with treatment with A-gliadin peptide P31-43. We observed a “CD cellular phenotype” in these fibroblasts, characterized by an altered cell shape and actin organization, increased number of focal adhesions, and altered intracellular LPP protein distribution. The treatment of controls fibroblasts with gliadin peptide P31-43 mimics the CD cellular phenotype regarding the cell shape, adhesion capacity, focal adhesion number and LPP sub-cellular distribution, suggesting a close association between these alterations and CD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merlin Nanayakkara
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- European Laboratory for the Investigation of Food Induced Disease, (ELFID) University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberta Kosova
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- European Laboratory for the Investigation of Food Induced Disease, (ELFID) University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuliana Lania
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- European Laboratory for the Investigation of Food Induced Disease, (ELFID) University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Sarno
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- European Laboratory for the Investigation of Food Induced Disease, (ELFID) University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandra Gaito
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- European Laboratory for the Investigation of Food Induced Disease, (ELFID) University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Martina Galatola
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- European Laboratory for the Investigation of Food Induced Disease, (ELFID) University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Greco
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- European Laboratory for the Investigation of Food Induced Disease, (ELFID) University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Marialaura Cuomo
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- European Laboratory for the Investigation of Food Induced Disease, (ELFID) University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Riccardo Troncone
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- European Laboratory for the Investigation of Food Induced Disease, (ELFID) University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Salvatore Auricchio
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- European Laboratory for the Investigation of Food Induced Disease, (ELFID) University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Renata Auricchio
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- European Laboratory for the Investigation of Food Induced Disease, (ELFID) University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Vittoria Barone
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- European Laboratory for the Investigation of Food Induced Disease, (ELFID) University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- * E-mail:
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Grunewald TGP, Willier S, Janik D, Unland R, Reiss C, da Costa OP, Buch T, Dirksen U, Richter GH, Neff F, Burdach S, Butt E. The Zyxin-related protein thyroid receptor interacting protein 6 (TRIP6) is overexpressed in Ewing's sarcoma and promotes migration, invasion and cell growth. Biol Cell 2013; 105:535-47. [DOI: 10.1111/boc.201300041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2013] [Accepted: 08/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas G. P. Grunewald
- Children's Cancer Research Center and Roman Herzog Comprehensive Cancer Center; Laboratory of Functional Genomics and Transplantation Biology; Klinikum rechts der Isar; Technische Universität München; Munich 80804 Germany
| | - Semjon Willier
- Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry; University Clinic of Würzburg; Würzburg 97080 Germany
| | - Dirk Janik
- Institute of Pathology; Helmholtz Center Munich; Neuherberg 85764 Germany
| | - Rebekka Unland
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology; University Hospital Muenster; Westphalian Wilhelms University; Muenster 48149 Germany
| | - Cora Reiss
- Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry; University Clinic of Würzburg; Würzburg 97080 Germany
- Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis; University Medical Center Mainz; Mainz 55131 Germany
| | - Olivia Prazeres da Costa
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology, and Hygiene; Technische Universität München; Munich 81675 Germany
| | - Thorsten Buch
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology, and Hygiene; Technische Universität München; Munich 81675 Germany
| | - Uta Dirksen
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology; University Hospital Muenster; Westphalian Wilhelms University; Muenster 48149 Germany
| | - Günther H.S. Richter
- Children's Cancer Research Center and Roman Herzog Comprehensive Cancer Center; Laboratory of Functional Genomics and Transplantation Biology; Klinikum rechts der Isar; Technische Universität München; Munich 80804 Germany
| | - Frauke Neff
- Institute of Pathology; Helmholtz Center Munich; Neuherberg 85764 Germany
| | - Stefan Burdach
- Children's Cancer Research Center and Roman Herzog Comprehensive Cancer Center; Laboratory of Functional Genomics and Transplantation Biology; Klinikum rechts der Isar; Technische Universität München; Munich 80804 Germany
| | - Elke Butt
- Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry; University Clinic of Würzburg; Würzburg 97080 Germany
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Galatola M, Izzo V, Cielo D, Morelli M, Gambino G, Zanzi D, Strisciuglio C, Sperandeo MP, Greco L, Auricchio R. Gene expression profile of peripheral blood monocytes: a step towards the molecular diagnosis of celiac disease? PLoS One 2013; 8:e74747. [PMID: 24069342 PMCID: PMC3775745 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0074747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2013] [Accepted: 08/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim Celiac disease (CD) is a multifactorial autoimmune disease induced by ingestion of gluten in genetically predisposed individuals. Despite technological progress, the diagnosis of CD is still based on duodenal biopsy as it was 50 years ago. In this study we analysed the expression of CD-associated genes in small bowel biopsies of patients and controls in order to explore the multivariate pathway of the expression profile of CD patients. Then, using multivariant discriminant analysis, we evaluated whether the expression profiles of these genes in peripheral blood monocytes (PBMs) differed between patients and controls. Participants Thirty-seven patients with active and 11 with treated CD, 40 healthy controls and 9 disease controls (Crohn’s disease patients) were enrolled. Results Several genes were differentially expressed in CD patients versus controls, but the analysis of each single gene did not provided a comprehensive picture. A multivariate discriminant analysis showed that the expression of 5 genes in intestinal mucosa accounted for 93% of the difference between CD patients and controls. We then applied the same approach to PBMs, on a training set of 20 samples. The discriminant equation obtained was validated on a testing cohort of 10 additional cases and controls, and we obtained a correct classification of all CD cases and of 91% of the control samples. We applied this equation to treated CD patients and to disease controls and obtained a discrimination of 100%. Conclusions The combined expression of 4 genes allows one to discriminate between CD patients and controls, and between CD patients on a gluten-free diet and disease controls. Our results contribute to the understanding of the complex interactions among CD-associated genes, and they may represent a starting point for the development of a molecular diagnosis of celiac disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Galatola
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- European Laboratory for Food-Induced disease (ELFID), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Valentina Izzo
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Donatella Cielo
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- European Laboratory for Food-Induced disease (ELFID), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Marinita Morelli
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Gambino
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Delia Zanzi
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- European Laboratory for Food-Induced disease (ELFID), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Caterina Strisciuglio
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Sperandeo
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- European Laboratory for Food-Induced disease (ELFID), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Greco
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- European Laboratory for Food-Induced disease (ELFID), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Renata Auricchio
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- European Laboratory for Food-Induced disease (ELFID), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Martynova NY, Ermolina LV, Ermakova GV, Eroshkin FM, Gyoeva FK, Baturina NS, Zaraisky AG. The cytoskeletal protein Zyxin inhibits Shh signaling during the CNS patterning in Xenopus laevis through interaction with the transcription factor Gli1. Dev Biol 2013; 380:37-48. [PMID: 23685334 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2013.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2012] [Revised: 04/24/2013] [Accepted: 05/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Zyxin is a cytoskeletal protein that controls cell movements by regulating actin filaments assembly, but it can also modulate gene expression owing to its interactions with the proteins involved in signaling cascades. Therefore, identification of proteins that interact with Zyxin in embryonic cells is a promising way to unravel mechanisms responsible for coupling of two major components of embryogenesis: morphogenetic movements and cell differentiation. Now we show that in Xenopus laevis embryos Zyxin can bind to and suppress activity of the primary effector of Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling cascade, the transcription factor Gli1. By using loss- and gain-of-function approaches, we demonstrate that Zyxin is essential for reduction of Shh signaling within the dorsal part of the neural tube of X. laevis embryo. Thus, our finding discloses a novel function of Zyxin in fine tuning of the central neural system patterning which is based on the ventral-to-dorsal gradient of Shh signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Y Martynova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia
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34
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Sprooten E, Fleming KM, Thomson PA, Bastin ME, Whalley HC, Hall J, Sussmann JE, McKirdy J, Blackwood D, Lawrie SM, McIntosh AM. White matter integrity as an intermediate phenotype: exploratory genome-wide association analysis in individuals at high risk of bipolar disorder. Psychiatry Res 2013; 206:223-31. [PMID: 23218918 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2012.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2012] [Revised: 08/14/2012] [Accepted: 11/01/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
White matter integrity, as measured using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), is reduced in individuals with bipolar disorder (BD), their unaffected relatives and carriers of specific risk-alleles. Fractional anisotropy (FA), an index of white matter integrity, is highly heritable but the genetic architecture of this trait has received little investigation. In this study we performed a genome-wide association study with FA as quantitative phenotype, in unaffected relatives of patients with BD (N=70) and a matched control group (N=80). Amongst our top results were SNPs located in genes involved in cell adhesion, white matter development and neuronal plasticity. Pathway analysis of the top associated polymorphisms and genes confirmed the enrichment of processes relevant to BD and white matter development, including axon guidance, ErbB-signalling neurotrophin signalling, phosphatidylinositol signalling, and cell adhesion. The majority of genes implicated in these pathways were differentially associated with FA in individuals at high familial risk, suggesting interactions with genetic background or environmental factors secondary to familial risk for BD. Although the present findings require independent replication, the results encourage the use of global FA as a quantitative phenotype in future large-scale studies which may help to identify the biological processes underlying reduced FA in BD and other psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Sprooten
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Kennedy Tower, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, Morningside Park, Edinburgh EH10 5HF, UK.
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35
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Bianchini L, Birtwisle L, Saâda E, Bazin A, Long E, Roussel JF, Michiels JF, Forest F, Dani C, Myklebost O, Birtwisle-Peyrottes I, Pedeutour F. Identification of PPAP2B as a novel recurrent translocation partner gene of HMGA2 in lipomas. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2013; 52:580-90. [PMID: 23508853 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.22055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2012] [Revised: 02/06/2013] [Accepted: 02/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Most lipomas are characterized by translocations involving the HMGA2 gene in 12q14.3. These rearrangements lead to the fusion of HMGA2 with an ectopic sequence from the translocation chromosome partner. Only five fusion partners of HMGA2 have been identified in lipomas so far. The identification of novel fusion partners of HMGA2 is important not only for diagnosis in soft tissue tumors but also because these genes might have an oncogenic role in other tumors. We observed that t(1;12)(p32;q14) was the second most frequent translocation in our series of lipomas after t(3;12)(q28;q14.3). We detected overexpression of HMGA2 mRNA and protein in all t(1;12)(p32;q14) lipomas. We used a fluorescence in situ hybridization-based positional cloning strategy to characterize the 1p32 breakpoint. In 11 cases, we identified PPAP2B, a member of the lipid phosphate phosphatases family as the 1p32 target gene. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis followed by nucleotide sequencing of the fusion transcript indicated that HMGA2 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) fused with exon 6 of PPAP2B in one case. In other t(1;12) cases, the breakpoint was extragenic, located in the 3'region flanking PPAP2B 3'UTR. Moreover, in one case showing a t(1;6)(p32;p21) we observed a rearrangement of PPAP2B and HMGA1, which suggests that HMGA1 might also be a fusion partner for PPAP2B. Our results also revealed that adipocytic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells derived from adipose tissue was associated with a significant decrease in PPAP2B mRNA expression suggesting that PPAP2B might play a role in adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurence Bianchini
- Laboratory of Solid Tumors Genetics, Nice University Hospital, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice (IRCAN), CNRS UMR 7284/INSERM U1081, University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France.
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Ngan E, Northey JJ, Brown CM, Ursini-Siegel J, Siegel PM. A complex containing LPP and α-actinin mediates TGFβ-induced migration and invasion of ErbB2-expressing breast cancer cells. J Cell Sci 2013; 126:1981-91. [PMID: 23447672 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.118315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) is a potent modifier of the malignant phenotype in ErbB2-expressing breast cancers. We demonstrate that epithelial-derived breast cancer cells, which undergo a TGFβ-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), engage signaling molecules that normally facilitate cellular migration and invasion of mesenchymal cells. We identify lipoma preferred partner (LPP) as an indispensable regulator of TGFβ-induced migration and invasion of ErbB2-expressing breast cancer cells. We show that LPP re-localizes to focal adhesion complexes upon TGFβ stimulation and is a critical determinant in TGFβ-mediated focal adhesion turnover. Finally, we have determined that the interaction between LPP and α-actinin, an actin cross-linking protein, is necessary for TGFβ-induced migration and invasion of ErbB2-expressing breast cancer cells. Thus, our data reveal that LPP, which is normally operative in cells of mesenchymal origin, can be co-opted by breast cancer cells during an EMT to promote their migration and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine Ngan
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
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Qu Z, Yu J, Ruan Q. TGF-β1-induced LPP expression dependant on Rho kinase during differentiation and migration of bone marrow-derived smooth muscle progenitor cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 32:459-465. [PMID: 22886954 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-012-0080-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2011] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Lipoma preferred partner (LPP) has been identified as a protein which is highly selective for smooth muscle progenitor cells (SMPCs) and regulates differentiation and migration of SMPCs, but mechanisms of LPP expression are not elucidated clearly. The aim of the present study was to discuss the mechanisms by which LPP expression is regulated in the differentiation and migration of SMPCs induced by TGF-β1. It was found that TGF-β1 could significantly increase the expression of LPP, smooth muscle α-actin, smooth muscle myosin heavy chain (SM-MHC), and smoothelin in SMPCs. Moreover, inactivation of Rho kinase (ROK) with ROK inhibitors significantly inhibited LPP mRNA expression in TGF-β1-treated SMPCs and mouse aortic smooth muscle cells (MAoSMCs). At the same time, LPP silencing with short interfering RNA significantly decreased SMPCs migration. In conclusion, LPP appears to be a ROK-dependant SMPCs differentiation marker that plays a role in regulating SMPCs migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiling Qu
- Institute of Pathology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jun Yu
- Institute of Pathology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Qiurong Ruan
- Institute of Pathology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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The diversification of the LIM superclass at the base of the metazoa increased subcellular complexity and promoted multicellular specialization. PLoS One 2012; 7:e33261. [PMID: 22438907 PMCID: PMC3305314 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0033261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2011] [Accepted: 02/07/2012] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Throughout evolution, the LIM domain has been deployed in many different domain configurations, which has led to the formation of a large and distinct group of proteins. LIM proteins are involved in relaying stimuli received at the cell surface to the nucleus in order to regulate cell structure, motility, and division. Despite their fundamental roles in cellular processes and human disease, little is known about the evolution of the LIM superclass. Results We have identified and characterized all known LIM domain-containing proteins in six metazoans and three non-metazoans. In addition, we performed a phylogenetic analysis on all LIM domains and, in the process, have identified a number of novel non-LIM domains and motifs in each of these proteins. Based on these results, we have formalized a classification system for LIM proteins, provided reasonable timing for class and family origin events; and identified lineage-specific loss events. Our analysis is the first detailed description of the full set of LIM proteins from the non-bilaterian species examined in this study. Conclusion Six of the 14 LIM classes originated in the stem lineage of the Metazoa. The expansion of the LIM superclass at the base of the Metazoa undoubtedly contributed to the increase in subcellular complexity required for the transition from a unicellular to multicellular lifestyle and, as such, was a critically important event in the history of animal multicellularity.
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Abstract
Integrating signals from the ECM (extracellular matrix) via the cell surface into the nucleus is an essential feature of multicellular life and often malfunctions in cancer. To date many signal transducers known as shuttle proteins have been identified that act as both: a cytoskeletal and a signalling protein. Here, we highlight the interesting member of the Zyxin family TRIP6 [thyroid receptor interactor protein 6; also designated ZRP-1 (zyxin-related protein 1)] and review current literature to define its role in cell physiology and cancer. TRIP6 is a versatile scaffolding protein at FAs (focal adhesions) involved in cytoskeletal organization, coordinated cell migration and tissue invasion. Via its LIM and TDC domains TRIP6 interacts with different components of the LPA (lysophosphatidic acid), NF-κB (nuclear factor κB), glucocorticoid and AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase) signalling pathway and thereby modulates their activity. Within the nucleus TRIP6 acts as a transcriptional cofactor regulating the transcriptional responses of these pathways. Moreover, intranuclear TRIP6 associates with proteins ensuring telomere protection and hence may contribute to genome stability. Accordingly, TRIP6 is engaged in key cellular processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation and survival. These diverse functions of TRIP6 are found to be dysregulated in various cancers and may have pleiotropic roles in tumour initiation, tumour growth and metastasis, which turn TRIP6 into an attractive candidate for cancer diagnosis and targeted therapy.
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40
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Staley BK, Irvine KD. Hippo signaling in Drosophila: recent advances and insights. Dev Dyn 2011; 241:3-15. [PMID: 22174083 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.22723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/05/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The Hippo signaling pathway emerged from studies of Drosophila tumor suppressor genes, and is now appreciated as a major growth control pathway in vertebrates as well as arthropods. As a recently discovered pathway, key components of the pathway are continually being identified, and new insights into how the pathway is regulated and deployed are arising at a rapid pace. Over the past year and a half, significant advances have been made in our understanding of upstream regulatory inputs into Hippo signaling, key negative regulators of Hippo pathway activity have been identified, and important roles for the pathway in regeneration have been described. This review describes these and other advances, focusing on recent progress in our understanding of Hippo signaling that has come from continued studies in Drosophila.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binnaz Kucuk Staley
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Waksman Institute and Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Rutgers The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
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Suo C, Xu H, Khor CC, Ong RT, Sim X, Chen J, Tay WT, Sim KS, Zeng YX, Zhang X, Liu J, Tai ES, Wong TY, Chia KS, Teo YY. Natural positive selection and north-south genetic diversity in East Asia. Eur J Hum Genet 2011; 20:102-10. [PMID: 21792231 DOI: 10.1038/ejhg.2011.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent reports have identified a north-south cline in genetic variation in East and South-East Asia, but these studies have not formally explored the basis of these clinical differences. Understanding the origins of these variations may provide valuable insights in tracking down the functional variants in genomic regions identified by genetic association studies. Here we investigate the genetic basis of these differences with genome-wide data from the HapMap, the Human Genome Diversity Project and the Singapore Genome Variation Project. We implemented four bioinformatic measures to discover genomic regions that are considerably differentiated either between two Han Chinese populations in the north and south of China, or across 22 populations in East and South-East Asia. These measures prioritized genomic stretches with: (i) regional differences in the allelic spectrum for SNPs common to the two Han Chinese populations; (ii) differential evidence of positive selection between the two populations as quantified by integrated haplotype score (iHS) and cross-population extended haplotype homozygosity (XP-EHH); (iii) significant correlation between allele frequencies and geographical latitudes of the 22 populations. We also explored the extent of linkage disequilibrium variations in these regions, which is important in combining genetic association studies from North and South Chinese. Two of the regions that emerged are found in HLA class I and II, suggesting that the HLA imputation panel from the HapMap may not be directly applicable to every Chinese sample. This has important implications to autoimmune studies that plan to impute the classical HLA alleles to fine map the SNP association signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Suo
- Centre for Molecular Epidemiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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Nonsegmental vitiligo and autoimmune mechanism. Dermatol Res Pract 2011; 2011:518090. [PMID: 21804820 PMCID: PMC3144695 DOI: 10.1155/2011/518090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2011] [Revised: 05/30/2011] [Accepted: 06/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonsegmental vitiligo is a depigmented skin disorder showing acquired, progressive, and depigmented lesions of the skin, mucosa, and hair. It is believed to be caused mainly by the autoimmune loss of melanocytes from the involved areas. It is frequently associated with other autoimmune diseases, particularly autoimmune thyroid diseases including Hashimoto's thyroiditis and Graves' disease, rheumatoid arthritis, type 1 diabetes, psoriasis, pernicious anemia, systemic lupus erythematosus, Addison's disease, and alopecia areata. This indicates the presence of genetically determined susceptibility to not only vitiligo but also to other autoimmune disorders. Here, we summarize current understanding of autoimmune pathogenesis in non-segmental vitiligo.
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Rauskolb C, Pan G, Reddy BVVG, Oh H, Irvine KD. Zyxin links fat signaling to the hippo pathway. PLoS Biol 2011; 9:e1000624. [PMID: 21666802 PMCID: PMC3110180 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1000624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2010] [Accepted: 04/27/2011] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Using genetic and molecular analyses, the authors identify Zyx as a positive regulator of Hippo signaling and characterize its role within the pathway. The Hippo signaling pathway has a conserved role in growth control and is of fundamental importance during both normal development and oncogenesis. Despite rapid progress in recent years, key steps in the pathway remain poorly understood, in part due to the incomplete identification of components. Through a genetic screen, we identified the Drosophila Zyxin family gene, Zyx102 (Zyx), as a component of the Hippo pathway. Zyx positively regulates the Hippo pathway transcriptional co-activator Yorkie, as its loss reduces Yorkie activity and organ growth. Through epistasis tests, we position the requirement for Zyx within the Fat branch of Hippo signaling, downstream of Fat and Dco, and upstream of the Yorkie kinase Warts, and we find that Zyx is required for the influence of Fat on Warts protein levels. Zyx localizes to the sub-apical membrane, with distinctive peaks of accumulation at intercellular vertices. This partially overlaps the membrane localization of the myosin Dachs, which has similar effects on Fat-Hippo signaling. Co-immunoprecipitation experiments show that Zyx can bind to Dachs and that Dachs stimulates binding of Zyx to Warts. We also extend characterization of the Ajuba LIM protein Jub and determine that although Jub and Zyx share C-terminal LIM domains, they regulate Hippo signaling in distinct ways. Our results identify a role for Zyx in the Hippo pathway and suggest a mechanism for the role of Dachs: because Fat regulates the localization of Dachs to the membrane, where it can overlap with Zyx, we propose that the regulated localization of Dachs influences downstream signaling by modulating Zyx-Warts binding. Mammalian Zyxin proteins have been implicated in linking effects of mechanical strain to cell behavior. Our identification of Zyx as a regulator of Hippo signaling thus also raises the possibility that mechanical strain could be linked to the regulation of gene expression and growth through Hippo signaling. Processes that control cell numbers are essential during normal development, when they are required to generate organs of the correct size, and during cancinogenesis, when they influence tumor growth. The Hippo pathway is an intercellular signaling pathway that relays information about cell-cell contact and cell polarity to a signal transduction pathway that regulates the transcription of genes controlling cell numbers. The role of Hippo signaling in controlling growth is conserved from fruit flies to humans, but many aspects of the Hippo signal transduction pathway remain poorly understood. In this article, we identify Zyx as a previously unknown component of the Hippo pathway in Drosophila, and characterize its role within the pathway. We show that Zyx plays an essential role in a branch of Hippo signaling that involves the transmembrane receptor protein Fat and its target Dachs, which is a myosin family protein. Our results suggest a model in which Fat regulates the localization of Dachs, Dachs subsequently binds Zyx, stimulating its binding with the kinase Warts/Lats, and thereby regulates downstream signaling events. Zyx is conserved in vertebrates and we suggest that vertebrate Zyx proteins might also be involved in the regulation of Hippo signaling and, thereby, organ growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cordelia Rauskolb
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Waksman Institute, and Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Guohui Pan
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Waksman Institute, and Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - B. V. V. G. Reddy
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Waksman Institute, and Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Hyangyee Oh
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Waksman Institute, and Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Kenneth D. Irvine
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Waksman Institute, and Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Sheppard SA, Savinova T, Loayza D. TRIP6 and LPP, but not Zyxin, are present at a subset of telomeres in human cells. Cell Cycle 2011; 10:1726-30. [PMID: 21519191 DOI: 10.4161/cc.10.11.15676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The protection of chromosome ends requires the inhibition of DNA damage responses at telomeres. This inhibition is exerted in great part by the shelterin complex, known to prevent inappropriate ATM and ATR activation. The molecular mechanisms by which shelterin protects telomeres are incompletely understood. Recently, we have implicated for the first time a class of molecules, LIM domain proteins, in telomere protection. This protection occurred through interaction with shelterin, possibly through POT1, and required the pair of LIM proteins TRIP6 and LPP, themselves part of the Zyxin family. The domain similarity between TRIP6, LPP and Zyxin led us to ask whether the latter also interacted with telomeres. Here, we show that there is specificity in the association of LIM proteins with telomeres: Zyxin, despite a high degree of similarity with TRIP6 and LPP, was not detected at telomeres, nor found in a complex with shelterin. TRIP6 and LPP, however, were detected by immunofluorescence at a small subset of telomeres, perhaps those that are critically short. We speculate that specific LIM proteins are part of complex events occurring in the context of the telomere dysfunction response, and possibly at play during the induction of senescence.
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Traenka C, Remke M, Korshunov A, Bender S, Hielscher T, Northcott PA, Witt H, Ryzhova M, Felsberg J, Benner A, Riester S, Scheurlen W, Grunewald TGP, von Deimling A, Kulozik AE, Reifenberger G, Taylor MD, Lichter P, Butt E, Pfister SM. Role of LIM and SH3 protein 1 (LASP1) in the metastatic dissemination of medulloblastoma. Cancer Res 2010; 70:8003-14. [PMID: 20924110 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-10-0592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Medulloblastoma is the most common malignant pediatric brain tumor and is one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality in children. Treatment failure mainly occurs in children harboring metastatic tumors, which typically carry an isochromosome 17 or gain of 17q, a common hallmark of intermediate and high-risk medulloblastoma. Through mRNA expression profiling, we identified LIM and SH3 protein 1 (LASP1) as one of the most upregulated genes on chromosome 17q in tumors with 17q gain. In an independent validation cohort of 101 medulloblastoma samples, the abundance of LASP1 mRNA was significantly associated with 17q gain, metastatic dissemination, and unfavorable outcome. LASP1 protein expression was analyzed by immunohistochemistry in a large cohort of patients (n = 207), and high protein expression levels were found to be strongly correlated with 17q gain, metastatic dissemination, and inferior overall and progression-free survival. In vitro experiments in medulloblastoma cell lines showed a strong reduction of cell migration, increased adhesion, and decreased proliferation upon LASP1 knockdown by small interfering RNA-mediated silencing, further indicating a functional role for LASP1 in the progression and metastatic dissemination of medulloblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Traenka
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
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Hinks A, Martin P, Flynn E, Eyre S, Packham J, Barton A, Worthington J, Thomson W. Investigation of type 1 diabetes and coeliac disease susceptibility loci for association with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2010; 69:2169-72. [PMID: 20647273 PMCID: PMC3002762 DOI: 10.1136/ard.2009.126938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Background There is strong evidence suggesting that juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) shares many susceptibility loci with other autoimmune diseases. Objective To investigate variants robustly associated with type 1 diabetes (T1D) or coeliac disease (CD) for association with JIA. Methods Sixteen single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) already identified as susceptibility loci for T1D/CD were selected for genotyping in patients with JIA (n=1054) and healthy controls (n=3129). Genotype and allele frequencies were compared using the Cochrane–Armitage trend test implemented in PLINK. Results One SNP in the LPP gene, rs1464510, showed significant association with JIA (ptrend=0.002, OR=1.18, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.30). A second SNP, rs653178 in ATXN2, also showed nominal evidence for association with JIA (ptrend=0.02, OR=1.13, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.25). The SNP, rs17810546, in IL12A showed subtype-specific association with enthesitis-related arthritis (ERA) subtype (ptrend=0.005, OR=1.88, 95% CI 1.2 to 2.94). Conclusions Evidence for a novel JIA susceptibility locus, LPP, is presented. Association at the SH2B3/ATXN2 locus, previously reported to be associated with JIA in a US series, also supports this region as contributing to JIA susceptibility. In addition, a subtype-specific association of IL12A with ERA is identified. All findings will require validation in independent JIA cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Hinks
- Arthritis Research UK Epidemiology Unit, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Stopford Building, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
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Nuclear localisation of LASP-1 correlates with poor long-term survival in female breast cancer. Br J Cancer 2010; 102:1645-53. [PMID: 20461080 PMCID: PMC2883150 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6605685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND LIM and SH3 protein 1 (LASP-1) is a nucleo-cytoplasmatic signalling protein involved in cell proliferation and migration and is upregulated in breast cancer in vitro studies have shown that LASP-1 might be regulated by prostate-derived ETS factor (PDEF), p53 and/or LASP1 gene amplification. This current study analysed the prognostic significance of LASP-1 on overall survival (OS) in 177 breast cancer patients and addressed the suggested mechanisms of LASP-1-regulation. METHODS Nucleo-cytoplasmatic LASP-1-positivity of breast carcinoma samples was correlated with long-term survival, clinicopathological parameters, Ki67-positivity and PDEF expression. Rate of LASP1 amplification was determined in micro-dissected primary breast cancer cells using quantitative RT-PCR. Cell-phase dependency of nuclear LASP-1-localisation was studied in synchronised cells. In addition, LASP-1, PDEF and p53 expression was compared in cell lines of different tumour entities to define principles for LASP-1-regulation. RESULTS We showed that LASP-1 overexpression is not due to LASP1 gene amplification. Moreover, no correlation between p53-mutations or PDEF-expression and LASP-1-status was observed. However, nuclear LASP-1-localisation in breast carcinomas is increased during proliferation with peak in G2/M-phase and correlated significantly with Ki67-positivity and poor OS. CONCLUSION Our results provide evidence that nuclear LASP-1-positivity may serve as a negative prognostic indicator for long-term survival of breast cancer patients.
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Lelièvre SA. Tissue polarity-dependent control of mammary epithelial homeostasis and cancer development: an epigenetic perspective. J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia 2010; 15:49-63. [PMID: 20101444 PMCID: PMC2861422 DOI: 10.1007/s10911-010-9168-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2009] [Accepted: 01/11/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The basoapical organization of monolayered epithelia is defined by the presence of hemidesmosomes at the basal cellular pole, where the cell makes contacts with the basement membrane, and tight junctions at the opposite apical pole. In the mammary gland, tight junctions seal cell-cell contacts against the lumen and separate the apical and basolateral cell membranes. This separation is critical to organize intracellular signaling pathways and the cytoskeleton. The study of the impact of the highly organized apical pole, and notably apical polarity regulators (Crb complex, Par complex, and Scrib, Dlg, Lgl proteins) and tight junction proteins on cell phenotype and gene expression has revealed an intricate relationship between apical polarity and the cell nucleus. The goal of this review is to highlight the role of the apical pole of the tissue polarity axis in the epigenetic control of tissue phenotype. The organization of the apical pole and its importance in mammary homeostasis and tumorigenesis will be emphasized before presenting how apical polarity proteins impact gene expression indirectly, by influencing signal transduction and the location of transcription regulators, and directly, by participating in chromatin-associated complexes. The relationship between apical polarity and cell nucleus organizations might explain how apical polarity proteins could switch from nuclear repressors to nuclear promoters of cancerous behavior following alterations in the apical pole. The impact of apical polarity proteins on epigenetic mechanisms of gene expression will be discussed in light of increased evidence supporting a role for apical polarity in the fate of breast neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie A Lelièvre
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences and Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, 625 Harrison Street, Lynn Hall, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2026, USA.
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