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Jia Z, Zhang S, Li W. Harnessing Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles for the Regeneration of Degenerative Bone Conditions. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:5561-5578. [PMID: 37795043 PMCID: PMC10546935 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s424731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Degenerative bone disorders such as intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD), osteoarthritis (OA), and osteoporosis (OP) pose significant health challenges for aging populations and lack effective treatment options. The field of regenerative medicine holds promise in addressing these disorders, with a focus on utilizing extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from stem cells as an innovative therapeutic approach. EVs have shown great potential in stimulating biological responses, making them an attractive candidate for rejuvenating degenerative bone disorders. However, a comprehensive review summarizing the current state of this field and providing a clear assessment of EV-based therapies in degenerative bone disorders is currently deficient. In this review, we aim to fill the existing gap by outlining the current knowledge on the role of EVs derived from different types of stem cells, such as mesenchymal stem cells, embryonic stem cells, and induced pluripotent stem cells, in bone regeneration. Furthermore, we discuss the therapeutic potential of EV-based treatments for IVDD, OA, and OP. By substantiating the use of stem cell-derived EVs, we highlight their promising potential as a cell-free strategy to improve degenerative bone disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Jia
- Department of Orthopedics, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 101100, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shunxin Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, 2nd Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Sports Medicine, Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, People’s Republic of China
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Madalena IR, Marañón-Vásquez GA, Omori MA, de Sousa ET, da Silveira HA, León JE, Baratto-Filho F, Alves SYF, Stuani MBS, Nelson-Filho P, Kirschneck C, Küchler EC. Evaluation of tooth eruption rate of incisor teeth in rats with estrogen deficiency. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:345-352. [PMID: 36260168 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-022-04738-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the influence of estrogen deficiency on tooth eruption rate (TER) and gene expression of estrogen receptor alpha and beta (ERα and ERβ) in the odontogenic region of teeth with continuous formation in a rat model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ovariectomies (OVX; n = 25) and sham surgeries (SHAM; n = 25) were performed in female Wistar rats when animals were 25 days old. The TER of the lower incisors, both in impeded (hyperfunction condition) and unimpeded (trimmed incisal edge-hypofunction condition) conditions, was evaluated using standardized digital photographs acquired every 48-72 h for 3 weeks (35th-53rd day of life), using a camera coupled to a stereomicroscope. Quantitative real-time PCR was performed to evaluate the relative gene expression of ERα and ERβ in the odontogenic region. RESULTS The OVX group showed a significant reduction in TER when compared to the SHAM group, only in the impeded condition (p = 0.03). There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in ERα gene expression (p = 0.33). ERβ showed a significantly higher gene expression in the OVX group (p ≤ 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Estrogen deficiency decreases TER in teeth under impeded condition. Estrogen deficiency also increases ERβ gene expression in the odontogenic region of teeth with continuous formation. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Hormonal disturbances affecting estrogen levels can cause alterations in dental formation and teeth eruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabela Ribeiro Madalena
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida Do Café S/N, Campus da USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Guido Artemio Marañón-Vásquez
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Rua Prof. Rodolpho Paulo Rocco 325, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-617, Brazil
| | - Marjorie Ayumi Omori
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida Do Café S/N, Campus da USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Emerson Tavares de Sousa
- Department of Health Sciences and Pediatric Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Avenida Limeira 901, Areião, Piracicaba, SP, 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Heitor Albergoni da Silveira
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Araraquara Dental School, São Paulo State University, Rua Humaitá, Araraquara, CentroSP, 168014801-903, Brazil
| | - Jorge Esquiche León
- Department of Stomatology, Public Health and Forensic Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida Do Café S/N, Campus da USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Flares Baratto-Filho
- School of Dentistry, University of the Joinville Region, Rua Paulo Malschitzki, s/n, Joinville, SC, 89219-710, Brazil
| | - Sandra Yasuyo Fukada Alves
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida Do Café S/N, Campus da USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Maria Bernadete Sasso Stuani
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida Do Café S/N, Campus da USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Paulo Nelson-Filho
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida Do Café S/N, Campus da USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Christian Kirschneck
- Department of Orthodontics, University Medical Centre of Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Erika Calvano Küchler
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida Do Café S/N, Campus da USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil. .,Department of Orthodontics, University Medical Centre of Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany.
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Knewtson KE, Ohl NR, Robinson JL. Estrogen Signaling Dictates Musculoskeletal Stem Cell Behavior: Sex Differences in Tissue Repair. TISSUE ENGINEERING. PART B, REVIEWS 2022; 28:789-812. [PMID: 34409868 PMCID: PMC9419932 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2021.0094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Sexual dimorphisms in humans and other species exist in visually evident features such as body size and less apparent characteristics, including disease prevalence. Current research is adding to a growing understanding of sex differences in stem cell function and response to external stimuli, including sex hormones such as estrogens. These differences are proving significant and directly impact both the understanding of stem cell processes in tissue repair and the clinical implementation of stem cell therapies. Adult stem cells of the musculoskeletal system, including those used for development and repair of muscle, bone, cartilage, fibrocartilage, ligaments, and tendons, are no exception. Both in vitro and in vivo studies have found differences in stem cell number, proliferative and differentiation capabilities, and response to estrogen treatment between males and females of many species. Maintaining the stemness and reducing senescence of adult stem cells is an important topic with implications in regenerative therapy and aging. As such, this review discusses the effect of estrogens on musculoskeletal system stem cell response in multiple species and highlights the research gaps that still need to be addressed. The following evidence from investigations of sex-related phenotypes in adult progenitor and stem cells are pieces to the big puzzle of sex-related effects on aging and disease and critical information for both fundamental tissue repair and regeneration studies and safe and effective clinical use of stem cells. Impact Statement This review summarizes current knowledge of sex differences in and the effects of estrogen treatment on musculoskeletal stem cells in the context of tissue engineering. Specifically, it highlights the impact of sex on musculoskeletal stem cell function and ability to regenerate tissue. Furthermore, it discusses the varying effects of estrogen on stem cell properties, including proliferation and differentiation, important to tissue engineering. This review aims to highlight the potential impact of estrogens and the importance of performing sex comparative studies in the field of tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey E. Knewtson
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
| | - Nathan R. Ohl
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
| | - Jennifer L. Robinson
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
- Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
- Address correspondence to: Jennifer L. Robinson, PhD, Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, The University of Kansas, 1530 West 15th Street Room 4132, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
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Di Naro E, Loverro M, Converti I, Loverro MT, Ferrara E, Rapone B. The Effect of Menopause Hypoestrogenism on Osteogenic Differentiation of Periodontal Ligament Cells (PDLC) and Stem Cells (PDLCs): A Systematic Review. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:healthcare9050572. [PMID: 34066107 PMCID: PMC8151220 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9050572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Menopause is a physiological condition typified by drastic hormonal changes, and the effects of this transition have long-term significant clinical implications on the general health, including symptoms or physical changes. In menopausal women, the periodontium can be affected directly or through neural mechanism by oestrogen (E2) deficiency. The majority of the biological effects of E2 are modulated via both oestrogen receptor-α (ERα) and oestrogen receptor- β (ERβ). There is evidence that hypoestrogenism has a substantial impact on the aetiology, manifestation and severity of periodontitis, via the regulation of the expression of osteoprogesterin and RANKL in human periodontal ligament cells through ERβ. However, the mechanistic understanding of oestrogen in periodontal status has been partially clarified. The aim of this paper was to synopsize the recent scientific evidence concerning the link between the menopause and periodontitis, through the investigation of physio-pathological impact of the oestrogen deficiency on osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs and PDLSC, as well as the dynamic change of ERα and ERβ. (2) Methods: Search was conducted for significant studies by exploring electronic PubMed and EMBASE databases, and it was independently performed by two researchers. All studies on the impact of oestrogen level on alveolar bone resorption were searched from 2005 to July 2020. Data selection was in concordance with PRISMA guidelines. (3) Results: Eight studies met the criteria and were included in this systematic review. All studies reported that oestrogen deficiency impairs the osteogenic and osteoblastic differentiation of PDL cells and oestrogen affects the bone formation capacity of cells. Seven studies were conducted on animal samples, divided into two groups: the OVX animals and animals who received the sham operation. (4) Conclusions: There is a multitude of data available showing the influence of menopause on periodontal status. However, the evidence of this line to investigation needs more research and could help explain the physiological linkage between menopause state and periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo Di Naro
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy; (E.D.N.); (M.L.); (M.T.L.)
| | - Matteo Loverro
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy; (E.D.N.); (M.L.); (M.T.L.)
| | - Ilaria Converti
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, “Aldo Moro” University of Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy;
| | - Maria Teresa Loverro
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy; (E.D.N.); (M.L.); (M.T.L.)
| | - Elisabetta Ferrara
- Complex Operative Unit of Odontostomatology, Hospital S.S. Annunziata, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
| | - Biagio Rapone
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, “Aldo Moro” University of Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-347-761-9817
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5
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Deng L, Guo Y. Estrogen effects on orthodontic tooth movement and orthodontically-induced root resorption. Arch Oral Biol 2020; 118:104840. [PMID: 32730908 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2020.104840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Estrogen is an essential regulator of the bone tissue. The remodeling of the alveolar bone and periodontal ligament is the basis of orthodontic tooth movement (OTM). There is a negative coregulation between physiological estrogen levels and the rate of OTM. As a possible inhibitory factor of OTM, estrogen suppresses bone resorption by inhibiting osteoclastic differentiation and restraining osteoclast lifespan though multiple pathways and cytokines, leading to the suppression of the initiation step of bone remodeling. On the other hand, estrogen stimulates osteoblastic differentiation and function. Estrogen receptor-α (ERα) involves in the osteogenic responses to mechanical stimulation, and the ERα expression is regulated positively by the levels of circulatory estrogen. Orthodontically induced root resorption (OIRR) is a common side-effect of orthodontic treatment. Estrogen may have some inhibitory effects on OIRR, but more studies are needed to get an effective conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanzhi Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yongwen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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6
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Xue W, Yu J, Chen W. Plants and Their Bioactive Constituents in Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Based Periodontal Regeneration: A Novel Prospective. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:7571363. [PMID: 30175141 PMCID: PMC6098897 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7571363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Periodontitis is a common chronic inflammatory disease, which causes the destruction of both the soft and mineralized tissues. However, current treatments such as bone graft materials, barrier membranes, and protein products all have difficulties in regenerating the complete periodontal tissue structure. Stem cell-based tissue engineering has now emerged as one of the most effective treatments for the patients suffering from periodontal diseases. Plants not only can be substrates for life processes, but also contain hormones or functional molecules. Numbers of preclinical studies have revealed that products from plant can be successfully applied in modulating proliferation and differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells. Plant-derived substances can induce stem cells osteogenic differentiation, and they also possess angiogenic potency. Furthermore, in the field of tissue engineering, plant-derived compounds or plant extracts can be incorporated with biomaterials or utilized as biomaterials for cell transplantation. So it is speculated that botanical products may become a new perspective in stem cell-based periodontal regeneration. However, the lack of achieving predict clinical efficacy and quality control has been the major impediment to its extensive application. This review gives an overview of the prospect of applying different plant-derived substances in various human mesenchymal stem cells-based periodontal regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Xue
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Jiangsu Province and Stomatological Institute of Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
- Department of Periodontics, School of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Jinhua Yu
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Jiangsu Province and Stomatological Institute of Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
- Department of Endodontics, School of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Wu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Jiangsu Province and Stomatological Institute of Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
- Department of Periodontics, School of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
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7
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Alhodhodi A, Alkharobi H, Humphries M, Alkhafaji H, El-Gendy R, Feichtinger G, Speirs V, Beattie J. Oestrogen receptor β (ERβ) regulates osteogenic differentiation of human dental pulp cells. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2017; 174:296-302. [PMID: 29031686 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2017.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Revised: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Estradiol (E2) has many important actions in the tissues of the oral cavity. Disruption of E2 metabolism or alterations in systemic E2 concentrations have been associated with compromised periodontal health. In many instances such changes occur secondarily to the well characterised effects of E2 on bone physiology -especially maintenance of bone mineral density (BMD). Despite these important epidemiological findings, little is known about the mechanism of action of E2 in oral tissues or the expression and function of oestrogen receptor (ER) isoforms in these tissues. We have isolated human dental pulp cells (hDPCs), which are able to differentiate towards an osteogenic lineage under appropriate culture conditions. We show that hDPCs express ERα, ERβ1, ERβ2 and the cell membrane associated G protein-coupled ER (GPR30). Following osteogenic differentiation of hDPCs, ERβ1 and ERβ2 were up regulated approximately 50-fold while ERα and GPR30 were down regulated, but to a much lesser degree (approximately 2-fold). ERβ was characterised as a 59kDa protein following Western blot analysis with validated antibodies and ERβ was detected in both nuclear and cytoplasmic cell compartments following immunofluorescence (IF) and immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis of cultured cells. Furthermore isoform specific antibodies detected both ERβ1 and ERβ2 in DPC cultures and in situ analysis of ERβ expression in decalcified tooth/pulp sections identified the odontoblast layer of pulp cells juxtaposed to the tooth enamel as strongly reactive for both ERβ isoforms. Finally the use of isoform specific agonists identified ERβ as the main receptor responsible for the pro-osteogenic effect of oestrogenic hormones in this tissue. Our data suggest that oestrogens stimulated osteogenic differentiation in hDPCs and that this action is mediated principally through the ERβ isoform. These findings may have important consequences for the investigation and treatment of oral and periodontal pathologies which are associated with imbalances in oestrogen concentrations and action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aishah Alhodhodi
- Department of Oral Biology, Wellcome Trust Brenner Building, St James University Hospital, University of Leeds, UK
| | - Hanaa Alkharobi
- Department of Oral Biology, Wellcome Trust Brenner Building, St James University Hospital, University of Leeds, UK
| | | | - Hasanain Alkhafaji
- Department of Oral Biology, Wellcome Trust Brenner Building, St James University Hospital, University of Leeds, UK
| | - Reem El-Gendy
- Department of Oral Biology, Wellcome Trust Brenner Building, St James University Hospital, University of Leeds, UK; Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Georg Feichtinger
- Department of Oral Biology, Wellcome Trust Brenner Building, St James University Hospital, University of Leeds, UK
| | - Valerie Speirs
- Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, UK.
| | - James Beattie
- Department of Oral Biology, Wellcome Trust Brenner Building, St James University Hospital, University of Leeds, UK.
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Liao J, Zhou Z, Huang L, Li Y, Li J, Zou S. 17β-estradiol regulates the differentiation of cementoblasts via Notch signaling cascade. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 477:109-114. [PMID: 27289020 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Estrogen has been well recognized as a key factor in the homeostasis of bone and periodontal tissue, but the way it regulates the activities of cementoblasts, the cell population maintaining cementum has not been fully understood. In this study, we examined the expression of estrogen receptor in OCCM-30 cells and the effect of 17β-estradiol (E2) on the proliferation and differentiation of OCCM-30 cells. We found that both estrogen receptor α and β were expressed in OCCM-30 cells. E2 exerted no significant influence on the proliferation of OCCM-30 cells, but inhibited the transcription and translation of BSP and Runx2 in the early phase of osteogenic induction except the BSP mRNA. Afterwards in the late phase of osteogenic induction, E2 enhanced the transcription and translation of BSP and Runx2 and promoted the calcium deposition. In addition, the expression level of Notch1, NICD and Hey1 mRNAs responded to exogenous E2 in a pattern similar to that of the osteoblastic markers. DAPT could attenuate the effect of E2 on the expression of osteoblastic markers. These findings indicated that E2 might regulate the differentiation of cementoblasts via Notch signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liao
- Department of Orthodontics, The State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Zeyuan Zhou
- Department of Orthodontics, The State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Li Huang
- Department of Orthodontics, The State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yuyu Li
- Department of Orthodontics, The State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jingtao Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Shujuan Zou
- Department of Orthodontics, The State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China.
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9
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E LL, Xu WH, Feng L, Liu Y, Cai DQ, Wen N, Zheng WJ. Estrogen enhances the bone regeneration potential of periodontal ligament stem cells derived from osteoporotic rats and seeded on nano-hydroxyapatite/collagen/poly(L-lactide). Int J Mol Med 2016; 37:1475-86. [PMID: 27082697 PMCID: PMC4866970 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2016.2559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of estrogen on the bone regeneration potential of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) derived from osteoporotic rats and seeded on a collagen-based composite scaffold [nano-hydroxyapatite/collagen/poly(L-lactide) (nHAC/PLA)]. For this purpose, 48 healthy 3‑month-old Sprague-Dawley female rats were divided into 2 groups as follows: the bilaterally ovariectomized (OVX) rats and sham‑operated rats. The PDLSCs were isolated at 3 months after surgery (by which time postmenopausal osteoporosis had developed). The effects of estrogen on the characteristics of these cells seeded in a culture plate and of the cells seeded on nHAC/PLA were then investigated. The PDLSC + nHAC/PLA constructs were implanted subcutaneously into the backs of severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice for 12 weeks in order to examine the role of estrogen in the bone formation ability of PDLSCs derived from osteoporotic rats. The results from methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay revealed that the proliferation of the cells derived from the rats in the OVX group was significantly higher than that of the cells derived from the rats in the sham-operated group at the stage of logarithmic growth. The staining intensity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and the mineralization of the cells derived from the rats in the OVX group was significantly weaker than that of the cells from the rats in the sham-operated group. When the PDLSCs were seeded on nHAC/PLA, ALP activity, osteocalcin (OCN) secretion, mineral formation and the mRNA expression levels of ALP, OCN, estrogen receptor (ER)α and ERβ in the cells derived from the rats in the OVX group were markedly decreased. Treatment with 17β-estradiol (E2) significantly weakened the proliferative ability of the cells derived from the OVX group rats, and enhanced their osteogenic differentiation ability and the mRNA expression levels of ALP, OCN, ERα and ERβ. When the constructs were implanted into the backs of SCID mice for 12 weeks, the results of histological analysis indicated that the constructs derived from the OVX group rats had a few newly formed bones and osteoids; however, a great number of newly formed bones and osteoids were present in the ones from the sham-operated group and the OVX + E2 group rats. Our findings further indicate that estrogen deficiency impairs the osteogenic differentiation potential of PDLSCs, and that ER plays an important role in the bone regeneration ability of PDLSCs. Estrogen enhances the bone regeneration potential of PDLSCs derived from osteoporotic rats and seeded on nHAC/PLA. This study may provide insight into the clinical management of periodontal bone tissue repair in postmenopausal women with the use of estrogen-mediated PDLSCs seeded on nHAC/PLA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Ling E
- Institute of Stomatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Huan Xu
- Scientific Research Department, Medical Administrative Division, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Lin Feng
- Institute of Stomatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Yi Liu
- Institute of Stomatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Dong-Qing Cai
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
| | - Ning Wen
- Institute of Stomatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Jie Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
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10
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Gjoksi B, Ruangsawasdi N, Ghayor C, Siegenthaler B, Zenobi-Wong M, Weber FE. Influence of N-methyl pyrrolidone on the activity of the pulp-dentine complex and bone integrity during osteoporosis. Int Endod J 2016; 50:271-280. [PMID: 26913571 DOI: 10.1111/iej.12622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM To analyse the effect of systemic application of N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP) on the pulp-dentine complex and on the jawbone of ovariectomized rats. METHOD Female Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into a Sham-operated group (Sham n = 6) and an oestrogen depletion by ovariectomy (OVX n = 12) group. In 6 of the ovariectomized animals, N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP) in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) was administered systemically weekly by intraperitoneal injection (i.p.); the other 6 were injected with PBS (Veh). After 15 weeks of injections, the jaw bones were collected and pulps extracted from the incisors teeth. Histology was used to determine pre-dentine thickness in teeth and radiography to determine alveolar bone mass. Immunohistological staining and RT-PCR were performed to verify the presence and localization of the odontoblast-specific dentine sialoprotein and to quantify its expression in the dentine-pulp complex. Mandibular cortical width and mandibular height were evaluated by means of X-ray analysis. Statistical analysis was performed with analysis of variance (anova). RESULTS Both pre-dentine (P = 0.029) and alveolar bone structures (P = 0.049) were significantly reduced due to oestrogen deficiency in OVX Veh and OVX. NMP treatment normalized these parameters to the Sham level. DSPP expression in OVX NMP animals was significantly higher (P = 0.046) than in OVX Veh. X-ray analysis confirmed that ovariectomy significantly reduced the mandibular cortical width in the OVX Veh group compared to the Sham Veh and OVX NMP (P = 0.020). CONCLUSION N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP) had a remarkable anti-osteoporotic ability preserving activity in the pulp-dentine complex and preventing jawbone loss. These effects make NMP a promising candidate for the preservation of the activity of the pulp-dentine complex and jawbone thickness in post-menopausal females.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Gjoksi
- Oral Biotechnology & Bioengineering, Center of Dental Medicine, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Cartilage engineering + Regeneration Laboratory, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - N Ruangsawasdi
- Oral Biotechnology & Bioengineering, Center of Dental Medicine, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Department Pharmacology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Thailand
| | - C Ghayor
- Oral Biotechnology & Bioengineering, Center of Dental Medicine, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - B Siegenthaler
- Oral Biotechnology & Bioengineering, Center of Dental Medicine, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - M Zenobi-Wong
- Cartilage engineering + Regeneration Laboratory, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,CABMM, Center for Applied Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - F E Weber
- Oral Biotechnology & Bioengineering, Center of Dental Medicine, Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,CABMM, Center for Applied Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Penoni DC, Leão ATT, Fernandes TM, Torres SR. Possible links between osteoporosis and periodontal disease. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE REUMATOLOGIA 2016; 57:270-273. [PMID: 28535900 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbre.2016.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Cia Penoni
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Faculdade de Odontologia, Departamento de Clínica Odontológica, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Anna Thereza Thomé Leão
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Faculdade de Odontologia, Departamento de Clínica Odontológica, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Melo Fernandes
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Serviço de Reumatologia, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Hospital Naval Marcílio Dias, Serviço de Reumatologia, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Sandra Regina Torres
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Faculdade de Odontologia, Departamento de Patologia e Diagnóstico Oral, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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12
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Penoni DC, Leão ATT, Fernandes TM, Torres SR. Possible links between osteoporosis and periodontal disease. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE REUMATOLOGIA 2016; 57:S0482-5004(16)00028-0. [PMID: 26973339 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbr.2015.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Revised: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Cia Penoni
- Departamento de Clínica Odontológica, Divisão de Periodontia, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Anna Thereza Thomé Leão
- Departamento de Clínica Odontológica, Divisão de Periodontia, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Tatiana Melo Fernandes
- Serviço de Reumatologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil; Serviço de Reumatologia, Hospital Naval Marcílio Dias, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Sandra Regina Torres
- Departamento de Patologia e Diagnóstico Oral, Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
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13
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Woo SM, Seong KJ, Oh SJ, Park HJ, Kim SH, Kim WJ, Jung JY. 17β-Estradiol induces odontoblastic differentiation via activation of the c-Src/MAPK pathway in human dental pulp cells. Biochem Cell Biol 2015; 93:587-95. [PMID: 26393498 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2015-0036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study is aimed at investigating the effects of the exogenous estrogen 17β-estradiol (E2) on odontoblastic differentiation in human dental pulp cells (HDPCs) immotalized with hTERT gene and their molecular mechanism. Proliferation was detected by BrdU assay, and odontoblast differentiation induction was evaluated by the expression of dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP), dentin sialoprotein (DSP) and dentin matrix protein1 (DMP1), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and mineralization. Estrogen receptor-α (ER-α), c-Src, and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) were examined and their inhibitors were used to determine the roles on odontogenic induction. E2 significantly promoted the HDPC proliferation, which was mediated by extracellular signal-related kinase 1/2. E2 upregulated DSPP, DSP, and DMP1 as the odontogenic differentiation markers and enhanced ALP activity and mineralization. E2 increased phosphorylation of ER-α and fulvestrant, an ER downregulator, significantly downregulated DSPP, DMP1, and DSP induced by E2. Moreover, E2 treatment activated c-Src and MAPKs upon odontogenic induction, whereas chemical inhibition of c-Src and MAPKs decreased expression of DSPP, DMP1, and DSP and mineralization augmented by E2. Moreover, fulvestrant reduced E2-induced phosphorylation of c-Src and MAPK and inhibition of c-Src by PP2 attenuated activation of MAPKs during E2-induced odontoblastic differentiation. Taken together, these results indicated that E2 stimulates odontoblastic differentiation of HDPCs via coordinated regulation of ER-α, c-Src, and MAPK signaling pathways, which may play a key role in the regeneration of dentin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Mi Woo
- a Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Medical Research Center for Biomineralization Disorders, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, South Korea
| | - Kyung Joo Seong
- a Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Medical Research Center for Biomineralization Disorders, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, South Korea
| | - Sang Jin Oh
- b School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, South Korea
| | - Hong Ju Park
- c Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, South Korea
| | - Sun Hun Kim
- d Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Medical Research Center for Biomineralization Disorders, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, South Korea
| | - Won Jae Kim
- a Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Medical Research Center for Biomineralization Disorders, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, South Korea
| | - Ji Yeon Jung
- a Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Medical Research Center for Biomineralization Disorders, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, South Korea
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Osteogenic Potential of Dental Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Preclinical Studies: A Systematic Review Using Modified ARRIVE and CONSORT Guidelines. Stem Cells Int 2015; 2015:378368. [PMID: 26106427 PMCID: PMC4464683 DOI: 10.1155/2015/378368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 02/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objective. Dental stem cell-based tissue engineered constructs are emerging as a promising alternative to autologous bone transfer for treating bone defects. The purpose of this review is to systematically assess the preclinical in vivo and in vitro studies which have evaluated the efficacy of dental stem cells on bone regeneration. Methods. A literature search was conducted in Ovid Medline, Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science up to October 2014. Implantation of dental stem cells in animal models for evaluating bone regeneration and/or in vitro studies demonstrating osteogenic potential of dental stem cells were included. The preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were used to ensure the quality of the search. Modified ARRIVE (Animal research: reporting in invivo experiments) and CONSORT (Consolidated reporting of trials) were used to critically analyze the selected studies. Results. From 1914 citations, 207 full-text articles were screened and 137 studies were included in this review. Because of the heterogeneity observed in the studies selected, meta-analysis was not possible. Conclusion. Both in vivo and in vitro studies indicate the potential use of dental stem cells in bone regeneration. However well-designed randomized animal trials are needed before moving into clinical trials.
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Landin MA, Nygård S, Shabestari MG, Babaie E, Reseland JE, Osmundsen H. Mapping the global mRNA transcriptome during development of the murine first molar. Front Genet 2015; 6:47. [PMID: 25852735 PMCID: PMC4362327 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2015.00047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The main objective of this study was to map global gene expression in order to provide information about the populations of mRNA species participating in murine tooth development at 24 h intervals, starting at the 11th embryonic day (E11.5) up to the 7th post-natal day (P7). The levels of RNA species expressed during murine tooth development were mesured using a total of 58 deoxyoligonucleotide microarrays. Microarray data was validated using real-time RT-PCR. Differentially expressed genes (p < 0.05) were subjected to bioinformatic analysis to identify cellular activities significantly associated with these genes. Using ANOVA the microarray data yielded 4362 genes as being differentially expressed from the 11th embryonic day (E11.5) up to 7 days post-natal (P7), 1921 of these being genes without known functions. The remaining 2441 genes were subjected to further statistical analysis using a supervised procedure. Bioinformatic analysis results for each time-point studied suggests that the main molecular functions associated with genes expressed at the early pre-natal stages (E12.5–E18.5) were cell cycle progression, cell morphology, lipid metabolism, cellular growth, proliferation, senescence and apoptosis, whereas most genes expressed at post-natal and secretory stages (P0–P7) were significantly associated with regulation of cell migration, biosynthesis, differentiation, oxidative stress, polarization and cell death. Differentially expressed genes (DE) not described earlier during murine tooth development; Inositol 1, 4, 5-triphosphate receptor 3 (Itpr3), metallothionein 1(Mt1), cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (Cdk4), cathepsin D (Ctsd), keratin complex 2, basic, gene 6a (Krt2-6a), cofilin 1, non-muscle (Cfl1), cyclin 2 (Ccnd2), were verified by real-time RT-PCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A Landin
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo Oslo, Norway
| | - Ståle Nygård
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, Institute for Medical Informatics, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo Oslo, Norway
| | - Maziar G Shabestari
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute for Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo Oslo, Norway
| | - Eshrat Babaie
- The Biotechnology Centre of Oslo, University of Oslo Oslo, Norway
| | - Janne E Reseland
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute for Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo Oslo, Norway
| | - Harald Osmundsen
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo Oslo, Norway
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17beta-estradiol promotes the odonto/osteogenic differentiation of stem cells from apical papilla via mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. Stem Cell Res Ther 2014; 5:125. [PMID: 25403930 PMCID: PMC4446088 DOI: 10.1186/scrt515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Estrogen plays an important role in the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells, while stem cells from apical papilla (SCAP) can contribute to the formation of dentin/bone-like tissues. To date, the effects of estrogen on the differentiation of SCAP remain unclear. Methods SCAP was isolated and treated with 10-7 M 17beta-estradiol (E2). The odonto/osteogenic potency and the involvement of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway were subsequently investigated by using methyl-thiazolyl-tetrazolium (MTT) assay, and other methods. Results MTT and flow cytometry results demonstrated that E2 treatment had no effect on the proliferation of SCAP in vitro, while alkaline phosphatase (ALP) assay and alizarin red staining showed that E2 can significantly promote ALP activity and mineralization ability in SCAP. Real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blot assay revealed that the odonto/osteogenic markers (ALP, DMP1/DMP1, DSPP/DSP, RUNX2/RUNX2, OSX/OSX and OCN/OCN) were significantly upregulated in E2-treated SCAP. In addition, the expression of phosphor-p38 and phosphor-JNK in these stem cells was enhanced by E2 treatment, as was the expression of the nuclear downstream transcription factors including phosphor-Sp1, phosphor-Elk-1, phosphor-c-Jun and phosphor-c-Fos, indicating the activation of MAPK signaling pathway during the odonto/osteogenic differentiation of E2-treated SCAP. Conversely, the differentiation of E2-treated SCAP was inhibited in the presence of MAPK specific inhibitors. Conclusions The ondonto/osteogenic differentiation of SCAP is enhanced by 10-7 M 17beta-estradiol via the activation of MAPK signaling pathway.
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Chamila Prageeth Pandula P, Samaranayake L, Jin L, Zhang C. Periodontal ligament stem cells: an update and perspectives. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 5:81-90. [DOI: 10.1111/jicd.12089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2013] [Accepted: 11/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - L.P. Samaranayake
- Department of Oral Biosciences; Faculty of Dentistry; The University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong China
| | - L.J. Jin
- Department of Periodontology; Faculty of Dentistry; The University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong China
| | - Chengfei Zhang
- Department of Comprehensive Dental Care; Faculty of Dentistry; The University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong China
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18
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Li Y, Li SQ, Gao YM, Li J, Zhang B. Crucial role of Notch signaling in osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells in osteoporotic rats. Cell Biol Int 2014; 38:729-36. [PMID: 24677709 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2013] [Accepted: 01/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Estrogen deficiency-induced osteoporosis typically occurs in postmenopausal women and has been strongly associated with periodontal diseases. Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) isolated from the periodontal ligament can differentiate into many types of specialized cells, including osteoblast-like cells that contribute to periodontal tissue repair. The Notch signaling pathway is highly conserved and associated with self-renewal potential and cell-fate determination. Recently, several studies have focused on the relationship between Notch signaling and osteogenic differentiation. However, the precise mechanisms underlying this relationship are largely unknown. We have successfully isolated PDLSCs from both ovariectomized (OVX) and sham-operated rats. Both the mRNA and protein levels of Notch1 and Jagged1 were upregulated when PDLSCs were cultured in osteogenic induction media. Mineralization assays showed decreased calcium deposits in OVX-PDLSCs treated with a γ-secretase inhibitor compared with control cells. Thus Notch signaling is important in maintaining the osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs in osteoporotic rats, which help in the development of a potential therapeutic strategy for periodontal disease in postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- Department of Stomatology, General Hospital of the Air Force of Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100853, China
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Genome-wide association study of periodontal health measured by probing depth in adults ages 18-49 years. G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS 2014; 4:307-14. [PMID: 24347629 PMCID: PMC3931564 DOI: 10.1534/g3.113.008755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The etiology of chronic periodontitis clearly includes a heritable component. Our purpose was to perform a small exploratory genome-wide association study in adults ages 18–49 years to nominate genes associated with periodontal disease−related phenotypes for future consideration. Full-mouth periodontal pocket depth probing was performed on participants (N = 673), with affected status defined as two or more sextants with probing depths of 5.5 mm or greater. Two variations of this phenotype that differed in how missing teeth were treated were used in analysis. More than 1.2 million genetic markers across the genome were genotyped or imputed and tested for genetic association. We identified ten suggestive loci (p-value ≤ 1E-5), including genes/loci that have been previously implicated in chronic periodontitis: LAMA2, HAS2, CDH2, ESR1, and the genomic region on chromosome 14q21-22 between SOS2 and NIN. Moreover, we nominated novel loci not previously implicated in chronic periodontitis or related pathways, including the regions 3p22 near OSBPL10 (a lipid receptor implicated in hyperlipidemia), 4p15 near HSP90AB2P (a heat shock pseudogene), 11p15 near GVINP1 (a GTPase pseudogene), 14q31 near SEL1L (an intracellular transporter), and 18q12 in FHOD3 (an actin cytoskeleton regulator). Replication of these results in additional samples is needed. This is one of the first research efforts to identify genetic polymorphisms associated with chronic periodontitis-related phenotypes by the genome-wide association study approach. Though small, efforts such this are needed in order to nominate novel genes and generate new hypotheses for exploration and testing in future studies.
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Wang Y, Zheng Y, Wang Z, Li J, Wang Z, Zhang G, Yu J. 10(-7) m 17β-oestradiol enhances odonto/osteogenic potency of human dental pulp stem cells by activation of the NF-κB pathway. Cell Prolif 2013; 46:677-84. [PMID: 24152244 PMCID: PMC4065368 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2013] [Accepted: 07/31/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Oestrogen has been proven to significantly enhance osteogenic potency, while oestrogen deficiency usually leads to impaired osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. However, little is known concerning direct effects of oestrogen on differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs). MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, human DPSCs were isolated and treated with 10(-7) m 17β-oestradiol (E2). Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) assay and alizarin red staining were performed. RESULTS Alkaline phosphatase and alizarin red showed that E2 treatment significantly enhanced ALP activity and mineralization ability of DPSCs, but had no effect on cell proliferation. Real-time RT-PCR and western blot assay demonstrated that odonto/osteogenic markers (ALP, RUNX2/RUNX2, OSX/OSX, OCN/OCN and DSPP/DSP) were significantly upregulated in the cells after E2 treatment. Moreover, phosphorylation of cytoplasmic IκBα/P65 and expression of nuclear P65 were enhanced in a time-dependent manner following E2 treatment, suggesting activation of NF-κB signaling. Conversely, inhibition of the NF-κB pathway suppressed E2-mediated upregulation of odonto/osteogenic markers, indicating that the NF-κB pathway was pivotal for E2-mediated differentiation. CONCLUSION These findings provide evidence that 10(-7) m 17β-oestradiol promoted odonto/osteogenic differentiation of human DPSCs via activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Wang
- Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China; Endodontic Department, Suzhou Stomatological Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215005, China
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Kong X, Liu Y, Ye R, Zhu B, Zhu Y, Liu X, Hu C, Luo H, Zhang Y, Ding Y, Jin Y. GSK3β is a checkpoint for TNF-α-mediated impaired osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in inflammatory microenvironments. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2013; 1830:5119-29. [PMID: 23911749 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2013.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2013] [Revised: 07/02/2013] [Accepted: 07/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The fate and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) depend on various microenvironmental cues. In chronic inflammatory bone disease, bone regeneration is inhibited. The present study therefore sought to identify the underlying molecule mechanisms. METHODS We isolated periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs), a new population of MSCs, from the periodontal ligament tissues of periodontitis patients and healthy controls (p-PDLSCs and h-PDLSCs). The secretion of inflammatory cytokines, like TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8, after LPS stimulation was measured by ELISA. The expressions of p-GSK3β and GSK3β in two types of PDLSCs were detected by Western blot. TOPFlash was used to assay the Tcf/Lef transcriptional activity. Knockdown of GSK3β by siRNA and over-expression of GSK3β by adenoviruses were performed to confirm the role of GSK3β in the impaired osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs under inflammatory microenvironment. RESULTS We demonstrated that p-PDLSCs displayed impaired osteogenic capacity than h-PDLSCs. Upon inflammatory stimulation, monocytes, but not PDLSCs, released inflammatory cytokines among which TNF-α directly act on PDLSCs and suppressed their osteogenic differentiation. TNF-α induced the phosphorylation of GSK3β, the deactivated form of GSK3β, which increased nuclear β-catenin and Lef-1 accumulation, and eventually reduced the Runx2-associated osteogenesis in PDLSCs. Over-expression of GSK3β rescued osteogenesis in TNF-α-stimulated PDLSCs, whereas inactivation of GSK3β was sufficient to liberate the β-catenin/Lef-1/Runx2 pathway. CONCLUSION GSK3β plays an obligatory role in the TNF-α-mediated inhibition of osteogenesis in MSCs. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE The strategy to target GSK3β may provide a potential approach to bone regeneration in inflammatory microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangwei Kong
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China; Research and Development Center for Tissue Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China; Department of Stomatology, Nanjing Bayi Hospital, Nanjing, China
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Wang Y, Yan M, Yu Y, Wu J, Yu J, Fan Z. Estrogen deficiency inhibits the odonto/osteogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells via activation of the NF-κB pathway. Cell Tissue Res 2013; 352:551-9. [PMID: 23532562 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-013-1604-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2012] [Accepted: 03/01/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Various factors can affect the functions of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs). However, little knowledge is available about the effects of estrogen deficiency on the differentiation of DPSCs. In this study, an estrogen-deficient rat model was constructed and multi-colony-derived DPSCs were obtained from the incisors of ovariectomized (OVX) or sham-operated rats. Odonto/osteogenic differentiation and the possible involvement of the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway in the OVX-DPSCs/Sham-DPSCs of these rats were then investigated. OVX-DPSCs presented decreased odonto/osteogenic capacity and an activated NF-κB pathway, as compared with Sham-DPSCs. When the cellular NF-κB pathway was specifically inhibited by BMS345541, the odonto/osteogenic potential in OVX-DPSCs was significantly upregulated. Thus, estrogen deficiency down-regulated the odonto/osteogenic differentiation of DPSCs by activating NF-κB signaling and inhibition of the NF-κB pathway effectively rescued the decreased differentiation potential of DPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Wang
- Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, People's Republic of China
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Yang N, Wang G, Hu C, Shi Y, Liao L, Shi S, Cai Y, Cheng S, Wang X, Liu Y, Tang L, Ding Y, Jin Y. Tumor necrosis factor α suppresses the mesenchymal stem cell osteogenesis promoter miR-21 in estrogen deficiency-induced osteoporosis. J Bone Miner Res 2013; 28:559-73. [PMID: 23074166 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.1798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2012] [Revised: 09/14/2012] [Accepted: 10/08/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory cytokines, especially tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), have been shown to inhibit osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and bone formation in estrogen deficiency-induced osteoporosis, but the mechanism responsible remains poorly understood. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to regulate MSC differentiation. Here, we identified a novel mechanism whereby TNF-α, suppressing the functional axis of a key miRNA (miR-21) contributes to estrogen deficiency-induced osteoporosis. In this study, we screened differentially expressed miRNAs in MSCs derived from estrogen deficiency-induced osteoporosis and found miR-21 was significantly downregulated. miR-21 was suppressed by TNF-α during the osteogenesis of MSCs. Furthermore, miR-21 was confirmed to promote the osteoblast differentiation of MSCs by repressing Spry1, which can negatively regulate the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. Upregulating miR-21 partially rescued TNF-α-impaired osteogenesis of MSCs. Blocking TNF-α ameliorated the inflammatory environment and significantly enhanced bone formation with increased miR-21 expression and suppressed Spry1 expression in ovariectomized (OVX) mice. Our results revealed a novel function for miR-21 and suggested that suppressed miR-21 may contribute to impaired bone formation by elevated TNF-α in estrogen deficiency-induced osteoporosis. This study may indicate a molecular basis for novel therapeutic strategies against osteoporosis and other inflammatory bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Yang
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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DeWitte SN. Sex differences in periodontal disease in catastrophic and attritional assemblages from medieval london. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2012; 149:405-16. [DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.22138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2012] [Accepted: 08/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Shunmugavel A, Khan M, Chou PCT, Singh I. Spinal cord injury induced arrest in estrous cycle of rats is ameliorated by S-nitrosoglutathione: novel therapeutic agent to treat amenorrhea. J Sex Med 2011; 9:148-58. [PMID: 22024253 DOI: 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2011.02526.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Amenorrhea following spinal cord injury (SCI) has been well documented. There has been little research on the underlying molecular mechanisms and therapeutics. AIM The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of GSNO in ameliorating SCI-induced amenorrhea through affecting the expression of CX43, NFkB, and ERβ protein. METHODS SCI was induced in female SD rats at the T9-T10 level. Estrous stage was determined by vaginal smear. GSNO (50 µg/kg body weight) was gavage fed daily. Animals were sacrificed on day 7 and 14 post SCI. Ovaries were fixed for histological and biochemical studies. Expression levels of ERβ, CX-43, and NFkB were analyzed by Western blot and immunofluorescence. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES GSNO hastens resumption of the estrous cycle following SCI-induced transient arrest. RESULTS Resumption of estrous cycle was hastened by GSNO. Atretic and degenerating follicles seen in the ovary of SCI rats on day 14 post-SCI were decreased in GSNO treated animals. The increased CX43 expression observed with SCI ovary was decreased by GSNO. ERβ expression decreased significantly on day 7 and 14 post-SCI and was restored with GSNO treatment. Following SCI, NFkB expression was increased in the ovarian follicles and the expression was reduced with GSNO administration. The number of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated biotinylated uridine triphosphate (UTP) nick end labeling positive follicular and luteal cells was increased after SCI. GSNO-treated animals had significantly fewer apoptotic cells in the ovary. CONCLUSION SCI-induced amenorrhea is accompanied by an increase in CX43 expression and a decrease in ERβ expression. SCI animals treated with GSNO resumed the estrous cycle significantly earlier. These results indicate a potential therapeutic value for GSNO in treating amenorrhea among SCI patients.
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