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Yang M, Huang Y, Tang A, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Fan Z, Li M. Research Hotspots in Mitochondria-Related Studies for AKI Treatment: A Bibliometric Study. Drug Des Devel Ther 2024; 18:4051-4063. [PMID: 39280255 PMCID: PMC11402358 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s473426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common clinical critical condition that has become a significant healthcare burden. In recent years, the relationship between AKI and mitochondria has attracted increasing attention. Protecting mitochondria or restoring their function has emerged as a novel therapeutic strategy for alleviating AKI. This study aims to analyze and summarize the current status, research trends, and hotspots in this field, providing references and directions for future research. Methods AKI and mitochondria-related literature from the Web of Science core collection were retrieved and collected. Bibliometric and visualization analyses were conducted using Microsoft Excel 2021, bibliometric tools (VosViewer, Citespace 6.3.R1, and the bibliometrix R package), R 4.3.2, and SCImagoGraphica software. Results A total of 2433 publications were included in this study. The number of annual publications in this field has increased year by year. China and the United States are the two most productive countries. Central South University is the most influential research institution in terms of research output, and Parikh SM, Schnellmann RG, and Dong Z are the most influential authors in this field. KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL, JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY, and AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-RENAL PHYSIOLOGY are the most influential journals. Initially, the research focused on keywords such as oxidative stress, ischemia-reperfusion injury, apoptosis, inflammation, and autophagy. In recent years, new research hotspots have emerged, including ferroptosis, aging, mitochondrial quality control, messenger RNA, mitochondrial-targeted antioxidants, extracellular vesicles, and nanodrug delivery. Conclusion Research on the relationship between mitochondria and AKI has broad developing prospects, and targeting mitochondrial regulation will become a focus of future AKI prevention and treatment research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengfan Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Youqun Huang
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Anqi Tang
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Shaanxi Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi’an, Shaanxi Provincial, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Nephrology, South China Hospital, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenliang Fan
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingquan Li
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, People’s Republic of China
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Yamamoto S, Yamamoto S, Takahashi M, Mii A, Okubo A, Toriu N, Nakagawa S, Abe T, Fukuma S, Imamura H, Yamamoto M, Yanagita M. Visualization of intracellular ATP dynamics in different nephron segments under pathophysiological conditions using the kidney slice culture system. Kidney Int 2024; 106:470-481. [PMID: 38996810 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2024.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
ATP depletion plays a central role in the pathogenesis of kidney diseases. Recently, we reported spatiotemporal intracellular ATP dynamics during ischemia reperfusion (IR) using GO-ATeam2 mice systemically expressing an ATP biosensor. However, observation from the kidney surface did not allow visualization of deeper nephrons or accurate evaluation of ATP synthesis pathways. Here, we established a novel ATP imaging system using slice culture of GO-ATeam2 mouse kidneys, evaluated the ATP synthesis pathway, and analyzed intracellular ATP dynamics using an ex vivo IR-mimicking model and a cisplatin nephropathy model. Proximal tubules (PTs) were found to be strongly dependent on oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) using the inhibitor oligomycin A, whereas podocytes relied on both OXPHOS and glycolysis using phloretin an active transport inhibitor of glucose. We also confirmed that an ex vivo IR-mimicking model could recapitulate ATP dynamics in vivo; ATP recovery in PTs after reoxygenation varied depending on anoxic time length, whereas ATP in distal tubules (DTs) recovered well even after long-term anoxia. After cisplatin administration, ATP levels in PTs decreased first, followed by a decrease in DTs. An organic cation transporter 2 inhibitor, cimetidine, suppressed cisplatin uptake in kidney slices, leading to better ATP recovery in PTs, but not in DTs. Finally, we confirmed that a mitochondria protection reagent (Mitochonic Acid 5) delayed the cisplatin-induced ATP decrease in PTs. Thus, our novel system may provide new insights into the energy dynamics and pathogenesis of kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigenori Yamamoto
- Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (WPI-ASHBi), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shinya Yamamoto
- Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masahiro Takahashi
- Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akiko Mii
- Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akihiro Okubo
- Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Naoya Toriu
- Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (WPI-ASHBi), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shunsaku Nakagawa
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takaaki Abe
- Department of Clinical Biology and Hormonal Regulation, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shingo Fukuma
- Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiromi Imamura
- Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masamichi Yamamoto
- Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Motoko Yanagita
- Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (WPI-ASHBi), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
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Nagy-Grócz G, Spekker E, Vécsei L. Kynurenines, Neuronal Excitotoxicity, and Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress: Role of the Intestinal Flora. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1698. [PMID: 38338981 PMCID: PMC10855176 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The intestinal flora has been the focus of numerous investigations recently, with inquiries not just into the gastrointestinal aspects but also the pathomechanism of other diseases such as nervous system disorders and mitochondrial diseases. Mitochondrial disorders are the most common type of inheritable metabolic illness caused by mutations of mitochondrial and nuclear DNA. Despite the intensive research, its diagnosis is usually difficult, and unfortunately, treating it challenges physicians. Metabolites of the kynurenine pathway are linked to many disorders, such as depression, schizophrenia, migraine, and also diseases associated with impaired mitochondrial function. The kynurenine pathway includes many substances, for instance kynurenic acid and quinolinic acid. In this review, we would like to show a possible link between the metabolites of the kynurenine pathway and mitochondrial stress in the context of intestinal flora. Furthermore, we summarize the possible markers of and future therapeutic options for the kynurenine pathway in excitotoxicity and mitochondrial oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gábor Nagy-Grócz
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Albert Szent-Györgyi Clinical Center, University of Szeged, Semmelweis u. 6, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary;
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Social Studies, University of Szeged, Temesvári krt. 31., H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
- Preventive Health Sciences Research Group, Incubation Competence Centre of the Centre of Excellence for Interdisciplinary Research, Development and Innovation of the University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | | | - László Vécsei
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Albert Szent-Györgyi Clinical Center, University of Szeged, Semmelweis u. 6, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary;
- HUN-REN-SZTE Neuroscience Research Group, University of Szeged, Semmelweis u. 6, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary
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Wang R, Liu L, Min L, Adetunji AO, Kou X, Zhou K, Zhu Z. Mitochonic Acid 5 Increases Ram Sperm Quality by Improving Mitochondrial Function during Storage at 4 °C. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:368. [PMID: 38338011 PMCID: PMC10854625 DOI: 10.3390/ani14030368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Semen preservation involves lengthening sperm's fertile lifespan without any detrimental effects on its biochemical, functional, and ultrastructural properties. Liquid storage at 4 °C is a ram sperm preservation method. However, this method of storage causes irreversible damage due to cold shocks, osmotic stresses, oxidative stresses, and reductions in sperm metabolism. The present study aims to investigate whether the supplementation of mitochonic acid 5 (MA-5) in a sperm extender could improve chilled ram sperm quality and elucidate its mechanism of action. Ram sperm were diluted with a tris-citrate-glucose extender containing different concentrations of MA-5 (0, 0.1, 1, 10, and 100 nM) and stored at 4 °C for up to 48 h. Sperm motility, membrane integrity, acrosome integrity, mitochondrial membrane potential, reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, ATP content, and the expression of NADPH dehydrogenase subunits 1 (MT-ND1) and NADPH dehydrogenase subunits 6 (MT-ND6) were evaluated. It was observed that compared to the control, the 10 nM MA-5 treatment significantly (p < 0.05) increased total motility (82 ± 3.5% vs. 76 ± 5.9%), progressive motility (67.6 ± 8.2% vs. 51 ± 8.3%), and other parameters (straight-line velocity (VSL), average path velocity (VAP), and curvilinear velocity (VCL)). In addition, 10 nM MA-5 supplementation also improved ram sperm membrane integrity and acrosomal integrity as well increased mitochondrial membrane potential (51.1 ± 0.7% vs. 37.7 ± 1.3%), reduced ROS levels, and elevated adenosine triphosphate (ATP) contents. Furthermore, a Western blot analysis demonstrated that the addition of MA-5 significantly (p < 0.05) increased the expression of MT-ND1 and MT-ND6 proteins in ram sperm, with the 10 nM MA-5 treatment resulting in the highest expression level. These results suggest that MA-5 improves ram sperm quality by maintaining high sperm mitochondrial function during liquid storage at 4 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruyuan Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, No. 700 Changcheng Road, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Luwei Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, No. 700 Changcheng Road, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Lingjiang Min
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, No. 700 Changcheng Road, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Adedeji O. Adetunji
- Department of Agriculture, University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff, Pine Bluff, AR 71601, USA
| | - Xin Kou
- Hongde Livestock Farm, Yingli Town, Shuoguang 262717, China
| | - Kaifeng Zhou
- Shandong Provincial Animal Husbandry General Station, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Zhendong Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, No. 700 Changcheng Road, Qingdao 266109, China
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Wang Y, Yang J, Zhang Y, Zhou J. Focus on Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain: Potential Therapeutic Target for Chronic Renal Failure. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:949. [PMID: 38256023 PMCID: PMC10815764 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The function of the respiratory chain is closely associated with kidney function, and the dysfunction of the respiratory chain is a primary pathophysiological change in chronic kidney failure. The incidence of chronic kidney failure caused by defects in respiratory-chain-related genes has frequently been overlooked. Correcting abnormal metabolic reprogramming, rescuing the "toxic respiratory chain", and targeting the clearance of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species are potential therapies for treating chronic kidney failure. These treatments have shown promising results in slowing fibrosis and inflammation progression and improving kidney function in various animal models of chronic kidney failure and patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The mitochondrial respiratory chain is a key target worthy of attention in the treatment of chronic kidney failure. This review integrated research related to the mitochondrial respiratory chain and chronic kidney failure, primarily elucidating the pathological status of the mitochondrial respiratory chain in chronic kidney failure and potential therapeutic drugs. It provided new ideas for the treatment of kidney failure and promoted the development of drugs targeting the mitochondrial respiratory chain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jianhua Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430030, China; (Y.W.); (J.Y.); (Y.Z.)
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Xu K, Li J, Wen R, Chang B, Cheng Y, Yi X. Role of SIRT3 in bone homeostasis and its application in preventing and treating bone diseases. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1248507. [PMID: 38192409 PMCID: PMC10773770 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1248507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone homeostasis refers to the balance between osteoblast-mediated bone formation and osteoclast-mediated bone resorption and the maintenance of stable bone mass. SIRT3 is a class of mitochondrial protein deacetylase that influences various mitochondrial functions and is involved in the mechanisms underlying resistance to aging; regulation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts; and development of osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, and other bone diseases. Moreover, exercise affects bones through SIRT3. Thus, studies on SIRT3 may provide insights for the treatment of bone diseases. Although SIRT3 can exert multiple effects on bone, the specific mechanism by which it regulates bone homeostasis remains unclear. By evaluating the relevant literature, this review discusses the structure and function of SIRT3, reveals the role and associated mechanisms of SIRT3 in regulating bone homeostasis and mediating bone health during exercise, and highlights the potential pharmacological value of SIRT3 in treating bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Xu
- School of Sports Health, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jing Li
- School of Physical Education, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
| | - Ruiming Wen
- School of Sports Health, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China
| | - Bo Chang
- School of Sports Health, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yang Cheng
- School of Sports Health, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xuejie Yi
- School of Sports Health, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China
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7
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Nakagami Y, Nishi M. MA-5 ameliorates autism-like behavior in mice prenatally exposed to valproic acid. Behav Pharmacol 2023; 34:488-493. [PMID: 37917568 DOI: 10.1097/fbp.0000000000000758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Indole-3-acetic acid is a common naturally occurring auxin in plants. A synthesized derivative of this compound, 4-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-2-(1H-indol-3-yl)-4-oxobutanoic acid also called mitochonic acid 5 (MA-5), has shown to increase the survival ratio of fibroblasts from patients with mitochondrial disease under stress-induced conditions. Further studies verified its efficacy in pathological models, such as an ischemia-reperfusion model, possibly by increasing ATP production. However, the efficacy of MA-5 in mental disorders, such as anxiety, schizophrenia, and autism spectrum disorders (ASD), has not been investigated. Our study focused on examining the effect of MA-5 in a mouse model of ASD induced by prenatal exposure to valproic acid (VPA). VPA exposure significantly deteriorated the level of anxiety and exploratory behavior in an open field test. We fed mice an MA-5-containing diet for 5 weeks and observed an improvement in the above behavior in the MA-5-fed groups. The efficacy of MA-5 was also observed in the elevated plus maze and three-chambered tests. These findings suggest that MA-5 could potentially be used to treat ASD, especially in patients with mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Nakagami
- Specialty Medicine Research Laboratories II, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
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8
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Zha W, Zhao Q, Xiao Y, Gan Y, Wei J, Yu M, Xu Y, Xu Q, Wu S, Yu W. Mitochonic acid 5 rescues cardiomyocytes from doxorubicin-induced toxicity via repressing the TNF-α/NF-κB/NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 123:110736. [PMID: 37549513 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Doxorubicin (DOX) is an effective anti-tumor drug, but the cardiotoxicity severely limits its clinical use. Interestingly, a hypothesis has emerged suggesting an association between DOX-induced cardiotoxicity and mitochondrial disorders and oxidative stress. The mitochonic acid 5 (MA5) shows promise in alleviating mitochondrial dysfunction by promoting mitochondrial ATP synthesis and reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, though its potential in ameliorating DOX-induced cardiotoxicity remains elusive. METHODS Network pharmacology approach, molecular docking techniques, and molecular dynamics simulation (MDS) were used to reveal the specific drug targets and pharmaceutical mechanisms involved in the treatment of DOX-induced cardiotoxicity using MA5. For experimental verification, cardiomyocytes (H9c2) and mice were exposed to DOX in the presence or absence of MA5. Our investigation involved the assessment of echocardiographic parameters, cardiac enzymes, inflammatory factors, mitochondrial function, myocardial structure, and cardiomyocyte pyroptosis. RESULTS Among the 100 core targets identified in network pharmacology, MA5 was pharmacologically active against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity via pathways implicated in cancer, prostate cancer, lipids and atherosclerosis. Molecular docking analysis confirmed that MA5 docked well with TNF-α, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and caspase-3. Furthermore, MA5 exhibited a stronger affinity toward TNF-α than IL-6 and caspase-3. Subsequent MDS revealed the stability of binding between MA5 and TNF-α. The DOX-challenged mice also displayed abnormal myocardial enzymogram, disrupted systolic and diastolic function, and elevated inflammation and cardiomyocyte pyroptosis, which could be mitigated by the administration of MA5. Similarly, H9c2 cells exposed to DOX showed increased intracellular ROS production and impaired mitochondrial function, which were relieved by MA5 treatment. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that MA5 attenuates DOX-induced cardiac anomalies through the TNF-α-mediated regulation of inflammation and pyroptosis. These insights offer a potential therapeutic strategy for managing DOX-induced cardiac complications, thereby improving the safety and efficacy of cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenliang Zha
- Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China; Second Affiliated Hospital, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhhot 010000, China
| | - Ye Xiao
- Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China; Second Affiliated Hospital, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Yuanyuan Gan
- School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Junjun Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Mengqi Yu
- The Third People's Hospital of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Yanmei Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Qiongyao Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Shi Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China.
| | - Wei Yu
- Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China; School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China.
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Wu X, Seida M, Abe T, Higashitani A. Mitochonic acid 5 attenuates age-related neuromuscular dysfunction associated with mitochondrial Ca 2+ overload in Caenorhabditis elegans. NPJ AGING 2023; 9:20. [PMID: 37528117 PMCID: PMC10394014 DOI: 10.1038/s41514-023-00116-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Mitochonic acid-5 ameliorates the pathophysiology of human mitochondrial-disease fibroblasts and Caenorhabditis elegans Duchenne muscular dystrophy and Parkinson's disease models. Here, we found that 10 μM MA-5 attenuates the age-related decline in motor performance, loss of muscle mitochondria, and degeneration of dopaminergic neurons associated with mitochondrial Ca2+ overload in C. elegans. These findings suggest that MA-5 may act as an anti-aging agent against a wide range of neuromuscular dysfunctions in metazoans.
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Affiliation(s)
- XinTong Wu
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan
| | - Miku Seida
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan
| | - Takaaki Abe
- Division of Medical Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Sendai, 980-0872, Japan
- Department of Clinical Biology and Hormonal Regulation, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-0872, Japan
| | - Atsushi Higashitani
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan.
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Yang Z, Zhou Z, Si T, Zhou Z, Zhou L, Chin YR, Zhang L, Guan X, Yang M. High Throughput Confined Migration Microfluidic Device for Drug Screening. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2207194. [PMID: 36634971 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202207194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Cancer metastasis is the major cause of cancer-related death. Excessive extracellular matrix deposition and increased stiffness are typical features of solid tumors, creating confined spaces for tumor cell migration and metastasis. Confined migration is involved in all metastasis steps. However, confined and unconfined migration inhibitors are different and drugs available to inhibit confined migration are rare. The main challenges are the modeling of confined migration, the suffering of low throughput, and others. Microfluidic device has the advantage to reduce reagent consumption and enhance throughput. Here, a microfluidic chip that can achieve multi-function drug screening against the collective migration of cancer cells under confined environment is designed. This device is applied to screen out effective drugs on confined migration among a novel mechanoreceptors compound library (166 compounds) in hepatocellular carcinoma, non-small lung cancer, breast cancer, and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells. Three compounds that can significantly inhibit confined migration in pan-cancer: mitochonic acid 5 (MA-5), SB-705498, and diphenyleneiodonium chloride are found. Finally, it is elucidated that these drugs targeted mitochondria, actin polymerization, and cell viability, respectively. In sum, a high-throughput microfluidic platform for screening drugs targeting confined migration is established and three novel inhibitors of confined migration in multiple cancer types are identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Yang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, and Tung Biomedical Sciences Centre City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
- Department of Precision Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, City University of Hong Kong Futian Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, P. R. China
| | - Zhihang Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, and Tung Biomedical Sciences Centre City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, P. R. China
| | - Tongxu Si
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, and Tung Biomedical Sciences Centre City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
- Department of Precision Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, City University of Hong Kong Futian Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, P. R. China
| | - Zhengdong Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, and Tung Biomedical Sciences Centre City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
- Department of Precision Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, City University of Hong Kong Futian Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, P. R. China
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, and Tung Biomedical Sciences Centre City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, P. R. China
| | - Y Rebecca Chin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, and Tung Biomedical Sciences Centre City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, and Tung Biomedical Sciences Centre City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Xinyuan Guan
- Department of Clinical Oncology, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Mengsu Yang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, and Tung Biomedical Sciences Centre City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
- Department of Precision Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, City University of Hong Kong Futian Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, P. R. China
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Caenorhabditis elegans as a Model System to Study Human Neurodegenerative Disorders. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13030478. [PMID: 36979413 PMCID: PMC10046667 DOI: 10.3390/biom13030478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, advances in science and technology have improved our quality of life, enabling us to tackle diseases and increase human life expectancy. However, longevity is accompanied by an accretion in the frequency of age-related neurodegenerative diseases, creating a growing burden, with pervasive social impact for human societies. The cost of managing such chronic disorders and the lack of effective treatments highlight the need to decipher their molecular and genetic underpinnings, in order to discover new therapeutic targets. In this effort, the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans serves as a powerful tool to recapitulate several disease-related phenotypes and provides a highly malleable genetic model that allows the implementation of multidisciplinary approaches, in addition to large-scale genetic and pharmacological screens. Its anatomical transparency allows the use of co-expressed fluorescent proteins to track the progress of neurodegeneration. Moreover, the functional conservation of neuronal processes, along with the high homology between nematode and human genomes, render C. elegans extremely suitable for the study of human neurodegenerative disorders. This review describes nematode models used to study neurodegeneration and underscores their contribution in the effort to dissect the molecular basis of human diseases and identify novel gene targets with therapeutic potential.
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Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Chronic Kidney Disease. Cells 2022; 12:cells12010088. [PMID: 36611880 PMCID: PMC9818928 DOI: 10.3390/cells12010088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The kidney contains many mitochondria that generate ATP to provide energy for cellular processes. Oxidative stress injury can be caused by impaired mitochondria with excessive levels of reactive oxygen species. Accumulating evidence has indicated a relationship between oxidative stress and kidney diseases, and revealed new insights into mitochondria-targeted therapeutics for renal injury. Improving mitochondrial homeostasis, increasing mitochondrial biogenesis, and balancing mitochondrial turnover has the potential to protect renal function against oxidative stress. Although there are some reviews that addressed this issue, the articles summarizing the relationship between mitochondria-targeted effects and the risk factors of renal failure are still few. In this review, we integrate recent studies on oxidative stress and mitochondrial function in kidney diseases, especially chronic kidney disease. We organized the causes and risk factors of oxidative stress in the kidneys based in their mitochondria-targeted effects. This review also listed the possible candidates for clinical therapeutics of kidney diseases by modulating mitochondrial function.
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13
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Wu X, Nagasawa S, Muto K, Ueda M, Suzuki C, Abe T, Higashitani A. Mitochonic Acid 5 Improves Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy and Parkinson's Disease Model of Caenorhabditis elegans. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:9572. [PMID: 36076995 PMCID: PMC9455831 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochonic Acid 5 (MA-5) enhances mitochondrial ATP production, restores fibroblasts from mitochondrial disease patients and extends the lifespan of the disease model "Mitomouse". Additionally, MA-5 interacts with mitofilin and modulates the mitochondrial inner membrane organizing system (MINOS) in mammalian cultured cells. Here, we used the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans to investigate whether MA-5 improves the Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) model. Firstly, we confirmed the efficient penetration of MA-5 in the mitochondria of C. elegans. MA-5 also alleviated symptoms such as movement decline, muscular tone, mitochondrial fragmentation and Ca2+ accumulation of the DMD model. To assess the effect of MA-5 on mitochondria perturbation, we employed a low concentration of rotenone with or without MA-5. MA-5 significantly suppressed rotenone-induced mitochondria reactive oxygen species (ROS) increase, mitochondrial network fragmentation and nuclear destruction in body wall muscles as well as endogenous ATP levels decline. In addition, MA-5 suppressed rotenone-induced degeneration of dopaminergic cephalic (CEP) neurons seen in the Parkinson's disease (PD) model. Furthermore, the application of MA-5 reduced mitochondrial swelling due to the immt-1 null mutation. These results indicate that MA-5 has broad mitochondrial homing and MINOS stabilizing activity in metazoans and may be a therapeutic agent for these by ameliorating mitochondrial dysfunction in DMD and PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xintong Wu
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Satoi Nagasawa
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Kasumi Muto
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Maiko Ueda
- Biomedical Research Core, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-0872, Japan
| | - Chitose Suzuki
- Department of Clinical Biology and Hormonal Regulation, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-0872, Japan
| | - Takaaki Abe
- Department of Clinical Biology and Hormonal Regulation, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-0872, Japan
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14
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Xin R, Xu Y, Long D, Mao G, Liao H, Zhang Z, Kang Y. Mitochonic Acid-5 Inhibits Reactive Oxygen Species Production and Improves Human Chondrocyte Survival by Upregulating SIRT3-Mediated, Parkin-dependent Mitophagy. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:911716. [PMID: 35734404 PMCID: PMC9207248 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.911716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is related to the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA); however, there are no effective drugs to treat OA for maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis. Studies have shown that mitochonic acid-5 (MA-5) has a protective effect against mitochondrial damage and plays a role in mitophagy. However, it is not clear whether MA-5 has a beneficial effect on inflammatory articular cartilage. Here, human OA cartilage was obtained from patients undergoing total joint replacement. Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) was used to stimulate chondrocytes and induce inflammatory injury. Cell Counting Kit-8, TUNEL, and flow cytometry assays were used to assess apoptosis. Gene expression was examined using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Mitochondrial function was evaluated using immunoblotting, mitochondrial membrane potential assay, JC-1 staining, and immunofluorescence analysis. Mitophagy was detected using immunoblotting and immunofluorescence. 3-(1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl) pyridine (3-TYP), a specific inhibitor of Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3), was used to block the SIRT3/Parkin pathway. Mitophagy in the cartilage sections was evaluated via immunohistochemistry. IL-1β was found to induce chondrocyte apoptosis by inhibiting SIRT3 expression and mitophagy. In addition, inflammatory damage reduced the mitochondrial membrane potential and promoted the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to increased mitochondrial division, mitochondrial fusion inhibition, and the consequent mitochondrial damage. In contrast, the MA-5 treatment inhibited excessive ROS production by upregulating mitophagy, maintaining the mitochondrial membrane potential, and reducing mitochondrial apoptosis. After chemically blocking SIRT3 with 3-TYP, Parkin-related mitophagy was also inhibited, an effect that was prevented by pretreatment of the chondrocytes with MA-5, thereby suggesting that SIRT3 is upstream of Parkin. Overall, MA-5 was found to enhance the activity of SIRT3, promote Parkin-dependent mitophagy, eliminate depolarized/damaged mitochondria in chondrocytes, and protect cartilage cells. In conclusion, MA-5 inhibits IL-1β-induced oxidative stress and protects chondrocytes by upregulating the SIRT3/Parkin-related autophagy signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruobing Xin
- Department of Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiyang Xu
- Department of Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Fujian Provincial Hospital/Shengli Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Dianbo Long
- Department of Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guping Mao
- Department of Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongyi Liao
- Department of Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziji Zhang
- Department of Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Ziji Zhang, ; Yan Kang,
| | - Yan Kang
- Department of Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Ziji Zhang, ; Yan Kang,
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15
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Mitochonic acid-5 ameliorates chlorhexidine gluconate-induced peritoneal fibrosis in mice. Med Mol Morphol 2021; 55:27-40. [PMID: 34622315 DOI: 10.1007/s00795-021-00305-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Peritoneal fibrosis is a serious complication of long-term peritoneal dialysis, attributable to inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction. Mitochonic acid-5 (MA-5), an indole-3-acetic acid derivative, improves mitochondrial dysfunction and has therapeutic potential against various diseases including kidney diseases. However, whether MA-5 is effective against peritoneal fibrosis remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated the effect of MA-5 using a peritoneal fibrosis mouse model. Peritoneal fibrosis was induced in C57BL/6 mice via intraperitoneal injection of chlorhexidine gluconate (CG) every other day for 3 weeks. MA-5 was administered daily by oral gavage. The mice were divided into control, MA-5, CG, and CG + MA-5 groups. Following treatment, immunohistochemical analyses were performed. Fibrotic thickening of the parietal peritoneum induced by CG was substantially attenuated by MA-5. The number of α-smooth muscle actin-positive myofibroblasts, transforming growth factor β-positive cells, F4/80-positive macrophages, monocyte chemotactic protein 1-positive cells, and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal-positive cells was considerably decreased. In addition, reduced ATP5a1-positive and uncoupling protein 2-positive cells in the CG group were notably increased by MA-5. MA-5 may ameliorate peritoneal fibrosis by suppressing macrophage infiltration and oxidative stress, thus restoring mitochondrial function. Overall, MA-5 has therapeutic potential against peritoneal fibrosis.
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16
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Tan J, Chen SX, Lei QY, Yi SQ, Wu N, Wang YL, Xiao ZJ, Wu H. Mitochonic acid 5 regulates mitofusin 2 to protect microglia. Neural Regen Res 2021; 16:1813-1820. [PMID: 33510088 PMCID: PMC8328753 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.306094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Microglial apoptosis is associated with neuroinflammation and no effective strategies are currently available to protect microglia against inflammation-induced apoptosis. Mouse microglial BV-2 cells (5 × 106) were incubated with 10 μg/mL lipopolysaccharides for 12 hours to mimic an inflammatory environment. Then the cells were co-cultured with mitochonic acid 5 (MA-5) for another 12 hours. MA-5 improved the survival of lipopolysaccharide-exposed cells. MA-5 decreased the activity of caspase-3, which is associated with apoptosis. MA-5 reduced the number of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling-positive cells, and increased adenosine triphosphate levels in cells. MA-5 decreased the open state of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore and reduced calcium overload and diffusion of second mitochondria-derived activator of caspase (Smac). MA-5 decreased the expression of apoptosis-related proteins (mitochondrial Smac, cytoplasmic Smac, pro-caspase-3, cleaved-caspase-3, and caspase-9), and increased the levels of anti-apoptotic proteins (Bcl2 and X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein), mitochondria-related proteins (mitochondrial fusion protein 2, mitochondrial microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B II), and autophagy-related proteins (Beclin1, p62 and autophagy related 5). However, MA-5 did not promote mitochondrial homeostasis or decrease microglial apoptosis when Mitofusin 2 expression was silenced. This shows that MA-5 increased Mitofusin 2-related mitophagy, reversed cellular energy production and maintained energy metabolism in BV-2 cells in response to lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation. These findings indicate that MA-5 may promote the survival of microglial cells via Mitofusin 2-related mitophagy in response to lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Tan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province, China
| | - Shuang-Xi Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province, China
| | - Qing-Yun Lei
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province, China
| | - Shan-Qing Yi
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province, China
| | - Na Wu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yi-Lin Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zi-Jian Xiao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province, China
| | - Heng Wu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province, China
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17
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Mitochondrial dysfunction underlying sporadic inclusion body myositis is ameliorated by the mitochondrial homing drug MA-5. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0231064. [PMID: 33264289 PMCID: PMC7710105 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0231064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Sporadic inclusion body myositis (sIBM) is the most common idiopathic inflammatory myopathy, and several reports have suggested that mitochondrial abnormalities are involved in its etiology. We recruited 9 sIBM patients and found significant histological changes and an elevation of growth differential factor 15 (GDF15), a marker of mitochondrial disease, strongly suggesting the involvement of mitochondrial dysfunction. Bioenergetic analysis of sIBM patient myoblasts revealed impaired mitochondrial function. Decreased ATP production, reduced mitochondrial size and reduced mitochondrial dynamics were also observed in sIBM myoblasts. Cell vulnerability to oxidative stress also suggested the existence of mitochondrial dysfunction. Mitochonic acid-5 (MA-5) increased the cellular ATP level, reduced mitochondrial ROS, and provided protection against sIBM myoblast death. MA-5 also improved the survival of sIBM skin fibroblasts as well as mitochondrial morphology and dynamics in these cells. The reduction in the gene expression levels of Opa1 and Drp1 was also reversed by MA-5, suggesting the modification of the fusion/fission process. These data suggest that MA-5 may provide an alternative therapeutic strategy for treating not only mitochondrial diseases but also sIBM.
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18
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Jiang M, Bai M, Lei J, Xie Y, Xu S, Jia Z, Zhang A. Mitochondrial dysfunction and the AKI-to-CKD transition. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2020; 319:F1105-F1116. [PMID: 33073587 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00285.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) has been widely recognized as an important risk factor for the occurrence and development of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Even milder AKI has adverse consequences and could progress to renal fibrosis, which is the ultimate common pathway for various terminal kidney diseases. Thus, it is urgent to develop a strategy to hinder the transition from AKI to CKD. Some mechanisms of the AKI-to-CKD transition have been revealed, such as nephron loss, cell cycle arrest, persistent inflammation, endothelial injury with vascular rarefaction, and epigenetic changes. Previous studies have elucidated the pivotal role of mitochondria in acute injuries and demonstrated that the fitness of this organelle is a major determinant in both the pathogenesis and recovery of organ function. Recent research has suggested that damage to mitochondrial function in early AKI is a crucial factor leading to tubular injury and persistent renal insufficiency. Dysregulation of mitochondrial homeostasis, alterations in bioenergetics, and organelle stress cross talk contribute to the AKI-to-CKD transition. In this review, we focus on the pathophysiology of mitochondria in renal recovery after AKI and progression to CKD, confirming that targeting mitochondria represents a potentially effective therapeutic strategy for the progression of AKI to CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhu Jiang
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mi Bai
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Key Lab of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Juan Lei
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yifan Xie
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuang Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhanjun Jia
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Key Lab of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Aihua Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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19
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Miyauchi A, Kouga T, Jimbo EF, Matsuhashi T, Abe T, Yamagata T, Osaka H. Apomorphine rescues reactive oxygen species-induced apoptosis of fibroblasts with mitochondrial disease. Mitochondrion 2019; 49:111-120. [PMID: 31356884 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2019.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial disease is a genetic disorder in which individuals suffer from energy insufficiency. The various clinical phenotypes of mitochondrial disease include Leigh syndrome (LS), myopathy encephalopathy lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes (MELAS). Thus far, no curative treatment is available, and effective treatment options are eagerly awaited. We examined the cell protective effect of an existing commercially available chemical library on fibroblasts from four patients with LS and MELAS and identified apomorphine as a potential therapeutic drug for mitochondrial disease. We conducted a cell viability assay under oxidative stress induced by L-butionine (S, R)-sulfoximine (BSO), a glutathione synthesis inhibitor. Among the chemicals of library, 4 compounds (apomorphine, olanzapine, phenothiazine and ethopropazine) rescued cells from death induced by oxidative stress much more effectively than idebenone, which was used as a positive control. The EC50 value showed that apomorphine was the most effective compound. Apomorphine also significantly improved all of the assessed oxygen consumption rate values by the extracellular flux analyzer for fibroblasts from LS patients with complex I deficiency. In addition, the elevation of the Growth Differentiation Factor-15 (GDF-15), a biomarker of mitochondrial disease, was significantly reduced by apomorphine. Among 441 apomorphine-responsive genes identified by the microarray, apomorphine induced the expression of genes that inhibit the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) activity and inflammatory responses, suggesting that apomorphine induced cell survival via a new potential pathway. In conclusion, apomorphine rescued fibroblasts from cell death under oxidative stress and improved the mitochondrial respiratory activity and appears to be potentially useful for treating mitochondrial disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiko Miyauchi
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kouga
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Eriko F Jimbo
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Matsuhashi
- Department of Medical Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Sendai, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takaaki Abe
- Department of Medical Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Sendai, Japan; Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology, and Vascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan; Department of Clinical Biology and Hormonal Regulation, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | | | - Hitoshi Osaka
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan.
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20
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Huang D, Liu M, Jiang Y. Mitochonic acid-5 attenuates TNF-α-mediated neuronal inflammation via activating Parkin-related mitophagy and augmenting the AMPK-Sirt3 pathways. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:22172-22182. [PMID: 31062359 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction has been found to be associated with neuronal inflammation; however, no effective drug is available to attenuate neuroinflammation via sustaining mitochondrial function. In the current study, experiments were performed to understand the beneficial effects of mitochonic acid 5 (MA-5) on tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-mediated neuronal injury and mitochondrial damage. Our data illustrated that MA-5 pretreatment reduced inflammation response induced by TNF-α in CATH.a cells. Molecular investigations demonstrated that MA-5 pretreatment repressed oxidative stress, inhibited endoplasmic reticulum stress, sustained cellular energy metabolism, and blocked cell apoptosis induced by TNF-α stress. Further, we found that MA-5 treatment elevated the expression of Sirtuin 3 (Sirt3) and this effect was dependent on the activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway. Blockade of AMPK abolished the promotive action of MA-5 on Sirt3 and thus mediated mitochondrial damage and cell death. Besides, we also found that MA-5 treatment augmented Parkin-related mitophagy and increased mitophagy promoted CATH.a cells survival via improving mitochondrial function. Knockdown of Parkin abolished the beneficial action of MA-5 on mitochondrial homeostasis and CATH.a cell survival. Altogether, our results confirm that MA-5 is an effective drug to attenuate neuroinflammation via sustaining mitochondrial damage and promoting CATH.a cell survival. The protective action of MA-5 on neuronal damage is associated with Parkin-related mitophagy and the activation of AMPK-Sirt3 pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dezhi Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yugang Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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21
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Kiyuna LA, Albuquerque RPE, Chen CH, Mochly-Rosen D, Ferreira JCB. Targeting mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in heart failure: Challenges and opportunities. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 129:155-168. [PMID: 30227272 PMCID: PMC6309415 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction characterized by impaired bioenergetics, oxidative stress and aldehydic load is a hallmark of heart failure. Recently, different research groups have provided evidence that selective activation of mitochondrial detoxifying systems that counteract excessive accumulation of ROS, RNS and reactive aldehydes is sufficient to stop cardiac degeneration upon chronic stress, such as heart failure. Therefore, pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches targeting mitochondria detoxification may play a critical role in the prevention or treatment of heart failure. In this review we discuss the most recent findings on the central role of mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress and aldehydic load in heart failure, highlighting the most recent preclinical and clinical studies using mitochondria-targeted molecules and exercise training as effective tools against heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ligia Akemi Kiyuna
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Che-Hong Chen
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, USA
| | - Daria Mochly-Rosen
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, USA
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22
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Lei Q, Tan J, Yi S, Wu N, Wang Y, Wu H. Mitochonic acid 5 activates the MAPK-ERK-yap signaling pathways to protect mouse microglial BV-2 cells against TNFα-induced apoptosis via increased Bnip3-related mitophagy. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2018; 23:14. [PMID: 29636771 PMCID: PMC5887257 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-018-0081-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The regulation of microglial function via mitochondrial homeostasis is important in the development of neuroinflammation. The underlying mechanism for this regulatory function remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the protective role of mitochonic acid 5 (MA-5) in microglial mitochondrial apoptosis following TNFα-induced inflammatory injury. METHODS TNFα was used to induce inflammatory injury in mouse microglial BV-2 cells with and without prior MA-5 treatment. Cellular apoptosis was assessed using the MTT and TUNEL assays. Mitochondrial functions were evaluated via mitochondrial membrane potential JC-1 staining, ROS flow cytometry analysis, mPTP opening assessment, and immunofluorescence of cyt-c. Mitophagy was examined using western blots and immunofluorescence. The pathways analysis was carried out using western blots and immunofluorescence with a pathway blocker. RESULTS Our results demonstrated that TNFα induced apoptosis in the microglial BV-2 cell line by activating the caspase-9-dependent mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. Mechanistically, inflammation reduced mitochondrial potential, induced ROS production, and contributed to the leakage of mitochondrial pro-apoptotic factors into the cytoplasm. The inflammatory response reduced cellular energy metabolism and increased oxidative stress. By contrast, treatment with MA-5 reduced mitochondrial apoptosis via upregulation of mitophagy. Increased mitophagy degraded damaged mitochondria, disrupting mitochondrial apoptosis, neutralizing ROS overproduction, and improving cellular energy production. We also identified that MA-5 regulated mitophagy via Bnip3 through the MAPK-ERK-Yap signaling pathway. Inhibiting this signaling pathway or knocking down Bnip3 expression prevented MA-5 from having beneficial effects on mitochondrial homeostasis and increased microglial apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS After TNFα-induced inflammatory injury, MA-5 affects microglial mitochondrial homeostasis in a manner mediated via the amplification of protective, Bnip3-related mitophagy, which is mediated via the MAPK-ERK-Yap signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyun Lei
- Department of Neurology, First Hospital Affiliated to University of South China, Hunan, China
| | - Jian Tan
- Department of Neurology, First Hospital Affiliated to University of South China, Hunan, China
| | - Shangqing Yi
- Department of Neurology, First Hospital Affiliated to University of South China, Hunan, China
| | - Na Wu
- Department of Neurology, First Hospital Affiliated to University of South China, Hunan, China
| | - Yilin Wang
- Department of Neurology, First Hospital Affiliated to University of South China, Hunan, China
| | - Heng Wu
- Department of Neurology, First Hospital Affiliated to University of South China, Hunan, China
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23
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Kuszak AJ, Espey MG, Falk MJ, Holmbeck MA, Manfredi G, Shadel GS, Vernon HJ, Zolkipli-Cunningham Z. Nutritional Interventions for Mitochondrial OXPHOS Deficiencies: Mechanisms and Model Systems. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PATHOLOGY 2018; 13:163-191. [PMID: 29099651 PMCID: PMC5911915 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pathol-020117-043644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Multisystem metabolic disorders caused by defects in oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) are severe, often lethal, conditions. Inborn errors of OXPHOS function are termed primary mitochondrial disorders (PMDs), and the use of nutritional interventions is routine in their supportive management. However, detailed mechanistic understanding and evidence for efficacy and safety of these interventions are limited. Preclinical cellular and animal model systems are important tools to investigate PMD metabolic mechanisms and therapeutic strategies. This review assesses the mechanistic rationale and experimental evidence for nutritional interventions commonly used in PMDs, including micronutrients, metabolic agents, signaling modifiers, and dietary regulation, while highlighting important knowledge gaps and impediments for randomized controlled trials. Cellular and animal model systems that recapitulate mutations and clinical manifestations of specific PMDs are evaluated for their potential in determining pathological mechanisms, elucidating therapeutic health outcomes, and investigating the value of nutritional interventions for mitochondrial disease conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam J Kuszak
- Office of Dietary Supplements, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20852, USA;
| | - Michael Graham Espey
- Division of Cancer Biology, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland 20850, USA;
| | - Marni J Falk
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA;
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Marissa A Holmbeck
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510-8023, USA;
| | - Giovanni Manfredi
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA;
| | - Gerald S Shadel
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510-8023, USA;
- Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8023, USA;
| | - Hilary J Vernon
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA;
| | - Zarazuela Zolkipli-Cunningham
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA;
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24
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Abstract
AKI is associated with high morbidity and mortality, and it predisposes to the development and progression of CKD. Novel strategies that minimize AKI and halt the progression of CKD are urgently needed. Normal kidney function involves numerous different cell types, such as tubular epithelial cells, endothelial cells, and podocytes, working in concert. This delicate balance involves many energy-intensive processes. Fatty acids are the preferred energy substrates for the kidney, and defects in fatty acid oxidation and mitochondrial dysfunction are universally involved in diverse causes of AKI and CKD. This review provides an overview of ATP production and energy demands in the kidney and summarizes preclinical and clinical evidence of mitochondrial dysfunction in AKI and CKD. New therapeutic strategies targeting mitochondria protection and cellular bioenergetics are presented, with emphasis on those that have been evaluated in animal models of AKI and CKD. Targeting mitochondrial function and cellular bioenergetics upstream of cellular damage may offer advantages compared with targeting downstream inflammatory and fibrosis processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazel H Szeto
- Mitochondrial Therapeutics Consulting, New York, New York
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25
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Nomura R, Sato T, Sato Y, Medin JA, Kushimoto S, Yanagisawa T. Azidothymidine-triphosphate impairs mitochondrial dynamics by disrupting the quality control system. Redox Biol 2017; 13:407-417. [PMID: 28683400 PMCID: PMC5498287 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2017.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Highly active anti-retrovirus therapy (HAART) has been used to block the progression and symptoms of human immunodeficiency virus infection. Although it decreases morbidity and mortality, clinical use of HAART has also been linked to various adverse effects such as severe cardiomyopathy resulting from compromised mitochondrial functioning. However, the mechanistic basis for these effects remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that a key component of HAART, 3ꞌ-azido-3ꞌ-deoxythymidine (AZT), particularly, its active metabolite AZT-triphosphate (AZT-TP), caused mitochondrial dysfunction, leading to induction of cell death in H9c2 cells derived from rat embryonic myoblasts, which serve as a model for cardiomyopathy. Specifically, treatment with 100µM AZT for 48h disrupted the mitochondrial tubular network via accumulation of AZT-TP. The mRNA expression of dynamin-related protein (Drp)1 and the Drp1 receptor mitochondrial fission factor (Mff) was upregulated whereas that of optic atrophy 1 (Opa1) was downregulated following AZT treatment. Increased mitochondrial translocation of Drp1, Mff upregulation, and decreased functional Opa1 expression induced by AZT impaired the balance of mitochondrial fission vs. fusion. These data demonstrate that AZT-TP causes cell death by altering mitochondrial dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Nomura
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ward, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan; Department of Emergency and Critical Care, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ward, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8574, Japan.
| | - Takeya Sato
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ward, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan.
| | - Yuka Sato
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ward, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan.
| | - Jeffrey A Medin
- Departments of Pediatrics and Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, CRI: C4540, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
| | - Shigeki Kushimoto
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ward, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8574, Japan.
| | - Teruyuki Yanagisawa
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ward, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan.
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26
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A novel indole compound MA-35 attenuates renal fibrosis by inhibiting both TNF-α and TGF-β 1 pathways. Sci Rep 2017; 7:1884. [PMID: 28507324 PMCID: PMC5432497 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-01702-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is closely related to chronic inflammation and is under the control of epigenetic regulations. Because the signaling of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) play key roles in progression of renal fibrosis, dual blockade of TGF-β1 and TNF-α is desired as its therapeutic approach. Here we screened small molecules showing anti-TNF-α activity in the compound library of indole derivatives. 11 out of 41 indole derivatives inhibited the TNF-α effect. Among them, Mitochonic Acid 35 (MA-35), 5-(3, 5-dimethoxybenzyloxy)-3-indoleacetic acid, showed the potent effect. The anti-TNF-α activity was mediated by inhibiting IκB kinase phosphorylation, which attenuated the LPS/GaIN-induced hepatic inflammation in the mice. Additionally, MA-35 concurrently showed an anti-TGF-β1 effect by inhibiting Smad3 phosphorylation, resulting in the downregulation of TGF-β1-induced fibrotic gene expression. In unilateral ureter obstructed mouse kidney, which is a renal fibrosis model, MA-35 attenuated renal inflammation and fibrosis with the downregulation of inflammatory cytokines and fibrotic gene expressions. Furthermore, MA-35 inhibited TGF-β1-induced H3K4me1 histone modification of the fibrotic gene promoter, leading to a decrease in the fibrotic gene expression. MA-35 affects multiple signaling pathways involved in the fibrosis and may recover epigenetic modification; therefore, it could possibly be a novel therapeutic drug for fibrosis.
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27
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Mitochonic Acid 5 (MA-5) Facilitates ATP Synthase Oligomerization and Cell Survival in Various Mitochondrial Diseases. EBioMedicine 2017; 20:27-38. [PMID: 28579242 PMCID: PMC5478234 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2017.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction increases oxidative stress and depletes ATP in a variety of disorders. Several antioxidant therapies and drugs affecting mitochondrial biogenesis are undergoing investigation, although not all of them have demonstrated favorable effects in the clinic. We recently reported a therapeutic mitochondrial drug mitochonic acid MA-5 (Tohoku J. Exp. Med., 2015). MA-5 increased ATP, rescued mitochondrial disease fibroblasts and prolonged the life span of the disease model "Mitomouse" (JASN, 2016). To investigate the potential of MA-5 on various mitochondrial diseases, we collected 25 cases of fibroblasts from various genetic mutations and cell protective effect of MA-5 and the ATP producing mechanism was examined. 24 out of the 25 patient fibroblasts (96%) were responded to MA-5. Under oxidative stress condition, the GDF-15 was increased and this increase was significantly abrogated by MA-5. The serum GDF-15 elevated in Mitomouse was likewise reduced by MA-5. MA-5 facilitates mitochondrial ATP production and reduces ROS independent of ETC by facilitating ATP synthase oligomerization and supercomplex formation with mitofilin/Mic60. MA-5 reduced mitochondria fragmentation, restores crista shape and dynamics. MA-5 has potential as a drug for the treatment of various mitochondrial diseases. The diagnostic use of GDF-15 will be also useful in a forthcoming MA-5 clinical trial.
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28
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Abstract
The kidney is a vital organ that demands an extraordinary amount of energy to actively maintain the body's metabolism, plasma hemodynamics, electrolytes and water homeostasis, nutrients reabsorption, and hormone secretion. Kidney is only second to the heart in mitochondrial count and oxygen consumption. As such, the health and status of the energy power house, the mitochondria, is pivotal to the health and proper function of the kidney. Mitochondria are heterogeneous and highly dynamic organelles and their functions are subject to complex regulations through modulation of its biogenesis, bioenergetics, dynamics and clearance within cell. Kidney diseases, either acute kidney injury (AKI) or chronic kidney disease (CKD), are important clinical issues and global public health concerns with high mortality rate and socioeconomic burden due to lack of effective therapeutic strategies to cure or retard the progression of the diseases. Mitochondria-targeted therapeutics has become a major focus for modern research with the belief that maintaining mitochondria homeostasis can prevent kidney pathogenesis and disease progression. A better understanding of the cellular and molecular events that govern mitochondria functions in health and disease will potentially lead to improved therapeutics development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu Duann
- Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Pei-Hui Lin
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
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29
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Mitochondria-Targeted Antioxidants for the Treatment of Cardiovascular Disorders. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 982:621-646. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-55330-6_32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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30
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyuan Tang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; and
| | - Zheng Dong
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; and Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Georgia Regents University and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia
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31
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Suzuki T, Yamaguchi H, Kikusato M, Hashizume O, Nagatoishi S, Matsuo A, Sato T, Kudo T, Matsuhashi T, Murayama K, Ohba Y, Watanabe S, Kanno SI, Minaki D, Saigusa D, Shinbo H, Mori N, Yuri A, Yokoro M, Mishima E, Shima H, Akiyama Y, Takeuchi Y, Kikuchi K, Toyohara T, Suzuki C, Ichimura T, Anzai JI, Kohzuki M, Mano N, Kure S, Yanagisawa T, Tomioka Y, Toyomizu M, Tsumoto K, Nakada K, Bonventre JV, Ito S, Osaka H, Hayashi KI, Abe T. Mitochonic Acid 5 Binds Mitochondria and Ameliorates Renal Tubular and Cardiac Myocyte Damage. J Am Soc Nephrol 2015; 27:1925-32. [PMID: 26609120 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2015060623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction causes increased oxidative stress and depletion of ATP, which are involved in the etiology of a variety of renal diseases, such as CKD, AKI, and steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome. Antioxidant therapies are being investigated, but clinical outcomes have yet to be determined. Recently, we reported that a newly synthesized indole derivative, mitochonic acid 5 (MA-5), increases cellular ATP level and survival of fibroblasts from patients with mitochondrial disease. MA-5 modulates mitochondrial ATP synthesis independently of oxidative phosphorylation and the electron transport chain. Here, we further investigated the mechanism of action for MA-5. Administration of MA-5 to an ischemia-reperfusion injury model and a cisplatin-induced nephropathy model improved renal function. In in vitro bioenergetic studies, MA-5 facilitated ATP production and reduced the level of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) without affecting activity of mitochondrial complexes I-IV. Additional assays revealed that MA-5 targets the mitochondrial protein mitofilin at the crista junction of the inner membrane. In Hep3B cells, overexpression of mitofilin increased the basal ATP level, and treatment with MA-5 amplified this effect. In a unique mitochondrial disease model (Mitomice with mitochondrial DNA deletion that mimics typical human mitochondrial disease phenotype), MA-5 improved the reduced cardiac and renal mitochondrial respiration and seemed to prolong survival, although statistical analysis of survival times could not be conducted. These results suggest that MA-5 functions in a manner differing from that of antioxidant therapy and could be a novel therapeutic drug for the treatment of cardiac and renal diseases associated with mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takehiro Suzuki
- Divisions of Nephrology, Endocrinology, and Vascular Medicine and Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Hiroaki Yamaguchi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Motoi Kikusato
- Animal Nutrition, Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural Science
| | - Osamu Hashizume
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | | | - Akihiro Matsuo
- Divisions of Nephrology, Endocrinology, and Vascular Medicine and
| | | | - Tai Kudo
- Primetech Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - Yuki Ohba
- Divisions of Nephrology, Endocrinology, and Vascular Medicine and
| | - Shun Watanabe
- Divisions of Nephrology, Endocrinology, and Vascular Medicine and
| | - Shin-Ichiro Kanno
- Division of Dynamic Proteome in Cancer and Aging, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer
| | | | - Daisuke Saigusa
- Department of Integrative Genomics, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | | | | | - Akinori Yuri
- Laboratory of Oncology, Pharmacy Practice and Sciences, Tohoku University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sendai, Japan
| | - Miyuki Yokoro
- Department of Food Sciences and Nutrition, School of Human Environmental Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Eikan Mishima
- Divisions of Nephrology, Endocrinology, and Vascular Medicine and
| | - Hisato Shima
- Divisions of Nephrology, Endocrinology, and Vascular Medicine and
| | | | - Yoichi Takeuchi
- Divisions of Nephrology, Endocrinology, and Vascular Medicine and
| | - Koichi Kikuchi
- Divisions of Nephrology, Endocrinology, and Vascular Medicine and Clinical Biology and Hormonal Regulation, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | | | - Chitose Suzuki
- Divisions of Nephrology, Endocrinology, and Vascular Medicine and
| | - Takaharu Ichimura
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | | | - Nariyasu Mano
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | | | | | - Yoshihisa Tomioka
- Laboratory of Oncology, Pharmacy Practice and Sciences, Tohoku University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masaaki Toyomizu
- Animal Nutrition, Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural Science
| | - Kohei Tsumoto
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuto Nakada
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Joseph V Bonventre
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sadayoshi Ito
- Divisions of Nephrology, Endocrinology, and Vascular Medicine and
| | - Hitoshi Osaka
- Division of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan; and
| | - Ken-Ichi Hayashi
- Department of Biochemistry, Okayama University of Science, Okayama, Japan
| | - Takaaki Abe
- Divisions of Nephrology, Endocrinology, and Vascular Medicine and Clinical Biology and Hormonal Regulation, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan; Department of Medical Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Sendai, Japan;
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