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Suman S, Moon BH, Datta K, Kallakury BVS, Fornace AJ. Heavy-ion radiation-induced colitis and colorectal carcinogenesis in Il10-/- mice display co-activation of β-catenin and NF-κB signaling. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0279771. [PMID: 36584137 PMCID: PMC9803147 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Space radiation-induced gastrointestinal (GI) cancer risk models for future interplanetary astronauts are being developed that primarily rely on quantitative animal model studies to assess radiation-quality effects of heavy-ion space radiation exposure in relation to γ-rays. While current GI-cancer risk estimation efforts are focused on sporadic GI-cancer mouse models, emerging in-vivo data on heavy-ion radiation-induced long-term GI-inflammation are indicative of a higher but undetermined risk of GI-inflammation associated cancers, such as colitis-associated cancer (CAC). Therefore, we aimed to assess radiation quality effects on colonic inflammation, colon cancer incidence, and associated signaling events using an in-vivo CAC model i.e., Il10-/- mice. Male Il10-/- mice (8-10 weeks, n = 12/group) were irradiated with either sham, γ-rays or heavy-ions (28Si or 56Fe), and histopathological assessments for colitis and CAC were conducted at 2.5 months post-exposure. qPCR analysis for inflammation associated gene transcripts (Ptges and Tgfb1), and in-situ staining for markers of cell-proliferation (phospho-histone H3), oncogenesis (active-β-catenin, and cyclin D1), and inflammation (phospho-p65NF-κB, iNOS, and COX2) were performed. Significantly higher colitis and CAC frequency were noted after heavy-ion exposure, relative to γ and control mice. Higher CAC incidence after heavy-ion exposure was associated with greater activation of β-catenin and NF-κB signaling marked by induced expression of common downstream inflammatory (iNOS and COX2) and pro-proliferative (Cyclin D1) targets. In summary, IR-induced colitis and CAC incidence in Il10-/- mice depends on radiation quality and display co-activation of β-catenin and NF-κB signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhankar Suman
- Department of Oncology and Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Bo-Hyun Moon
- Department of Oncology and Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Kamal Datta
- Department of Oncology and Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States of America
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Bhaskar V. S. Kallakury
- Department of Pathology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Albert J. Fornace
- Department of Oncology and Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States of America
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States of America
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Ueda K, Ohishi W, Cullings H, Fujiwara S, Suzuki G, Hayashi T, Mitsui F, Hida A, Ozasa K, Ito M, Chayama K, Tahara E. Modifying Effect of Chronic Atrophic Gastritis on Radiation Risk for Noncardia Gastric Cancer According to Histological Type. Radiat Res 2020; 194:180-187. [PMID: 32845989 DOI: 10.1667/rr15482.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
The findings from previously published studies have suggested that radiation exposure is associated with increased mortality and incidence of gastric cancer. However, few cohort studies have incorporated risk factors such as Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection or chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG). The current study is aimed at evaluating the modifying effect of CAG on radiation risk of noncardia gastric cancer by histological type, by reanalyzing data from a nested case-control study conducted within the longitudinal clinical cohort of atomic bomb survivors. The analysis was restricted to 297 intestinal- or diffuse-type noncardia cases and 873 controls rematched to the cases on gender, age, city, and time and type of serum storage, and countermatched on radiation dose. Multivariable-adjusted relative risks [95% confidence interval (CI)] of noncardia gastric cancer were 3.9 (2.1-7.2) for H. pylori IgG seropositivity with cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA) IgG low titer, 2.6 (1.9-3.6) for CAG, 1.9 (1.3-2.8) for current smoking, and 1.4 (1.1-1.9) for 1 Gy irradiation. Among subjects without CAG, the relative risk (95% CI) of noncardia gastric cancer at 1 Gy was 2.3 (1.4-3.7), whereas relative risk (95% CI) at 1 Gy was 1.1 (0.8-1.5) among subjects with CAG (for the overall interaction, P = 0.012). By histological type, the risk at 1 Gy was high for diffuse type without CAG, with adjusted relative risk (95% CI) of 3.8 (2.0-7.6), but was not high for diffuse type with CAG or for intestinal-type irrespective of CAG status. The results indicate that radiation exposure is associated with increased risk of diffuse-type noncardia gastric cancer without CAG, and this association exists despite adjustment for H. pylori infection and smoking habit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Ueda
- Departments of a Clinical Studies.,Departments of Chuden Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | | | - Harry Cullings
- Departments of Statistics, Radiation Effects Research Foundation, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Saeko Fujiwara
- Departments of a Clinical Studies.,Yasuda Women's University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Gen Suzuki
- Departments of International University of Health and Welfare Clinic, Ohtawara, Japan
| | - Tomonori Hayashi
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Radiation Effects Research Foundation, Hiroshima, Japan
| | | | - Ayumi Hida
- Department of Clinical Studies, Radiation Effects Research Foundation, Nagasaki Japan
| | - Kotaro Ozasa
- Department of Epidemiology, Radiation Effects Research Foundation, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masanori Ito
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Chayama
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Applied Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Eiichi Tahara
- Departments of Hiroshima Cancer Seminar Foundation, Hiroshima, Japan
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Impact of early life exposure to ionizing radiation on influenza vaccine response in an elderly Japanese cohort. Vaccine 2018; 36:6650-6659. [PMID: 30274868 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.09.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate effects of whole body radiation exposure early in life on influenza vaccination immune responses much later in life. A total of 292 volunteers recruited from the cohort members of ongoing Adult Health Study (AHS) of Japanese atomic bomb (A-bomb) survivors completed this observational study spanning two influenza seasons (2011-2012 and 2012-2013). Peripheral blood samples were collected prior to and three weeks after vaccination. Serum hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) antibody titers were measured as well as concentrations of 25 cytokines and chemokines in culture supernatant from peripheral blood mononuclear cells, with and without in vitro stimulation with influenza vaccine. We found that influenza vaccination modestly enhanced serum HAI titers in this unique cohort of elderly subjects, with seroprotection ranging from 18 to 48% for specific antigen/season combinations. Twelve percent of subjects were seroprotected against all three vaccine antigens post-vaccination. Males were generally more likely to be seroprotected for one or more antigens post-vaccination, with no differences in vaccine responses based on age at vaccination or radiation exposure in early life. These results show that early life exposure to ionizing radiation does not prevent responses of elderly A-bomb survivors to seasonal influenza vaccine.
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Malhotra P, Singh D, Kumar R. In vitro stimulatory effect of N-acetyl tryptophan-glucopyranoside against gamma radiation induced immunosuppression. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2018; 33:305-314. [PMID: 29205752 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Revised: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Radiation-induced manifestations like free radical burst, oxidative damage and apoptosis leading to cell death. In present study, N-acetyl tryptophan glucopyranoside (NATG) was assessed for its immune-radioprotective activities using J774A.1 cells. Clonogenic cell survival, cell cycle progression and cytokines i.e. IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-2, IL-10, IL-12, IL-13 and IL-17A expression were evaluated in irradiated and NATG pretreated cells using clonogenic formation ability, flow cytometry and ELISA assay. Results indicated that 0.25μg/ml NATG exhibited maximum radioprotection against gamma-radiation (2Gy) without intervening in cell cycle progression. NATG pretreated (-2 h) plus irradiated cells showed significant elevation in IFN-γ (∼38.2%), IL-17A (∼53.7%) and IL-12 (∼58.8%) expression as compared to only irradiated cells. Conversely, significant decrease in TNF-α (∼21.6%), IL-10 (∼31.2%), IL-2 (∼23.7%) and IL-13 expression (∼17.8%) were observed in NATG pretreated plus irradiated cells as compared to irradiated cells. Conclusively, NATG pretreatment to irradiated J774A.1 cells, stimulate Th1 while diminish Th2 cytokines that contributes to radioprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Malhotra
- Division of Radioprotective Drug Development and Research, Radiation Biotechnology Group, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, DRDO, Delhi, India
| | - Darshana Singh
- Division of Radioprotective Drug Development and Research, Radiation Biotechnology Group, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, DRDO, Delhi, India
| | - Raj Kumar
- Division of Radioprotective Drug Development and Research, Radiation Biotechnology Group, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, DRDO, Delhi, India
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5
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Malhotra P, Adhikari M, Mishra S, Singh S, Kumar P, Singh SK, Kumar R. N-acetyl tryptophan glucopyranoside (NATG) as a countermeasure against gamma radiation-induced immunosuppression in murine macrophage J774A.1 cells. Free Radic Res 2016; 50:1265-1278. [DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2016.1235788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Malhotra
- Radiation Biotechnology Group, Division of Radiation Biosciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - Manish Adhikari
- Radiation Biotechnology Group, Division of Radiation Biosciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - Saurabh Mishra
- Radiation Biotechnology Group, Division of Radiation Biosciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - Sumit Singh
- Radiation Biotechnology Group, Division of Radiation Biosciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - Piyush Kumar
- School of Biotechnology, Gautam Buddha University, Greater Noida, Gautam Buddh Nagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shravan Kumar Singh
- Radiation Biotechnology Group, Division of Radiation Biosciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - Raj Kumar
- Radiation Biotechnology Group, Division of Radiation Biosciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India
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Ozasa K. Epidemiological research on radiation-induced cancer in atomic bomb survivors. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH 2016; 57 Suppl 1:i112-i117. [PMID: 26976124 PMCID: PMC4990102 DOI: 10.1093/jrr/rrw005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The late effects of exposure to atomic bomb radiation on cancer occurrence have been evaluated by epidemiological studies on three cohorts: a cohort of atomic bomb survivors (Life Span Study; LSS), survivors exposed IN UTERO : , and children of atomic bomb survivors (F1). The risk of leukemia among the survivors increased remarkably in the early period after the bombings, especially among children. Increased risks of solid cancers have been evident since around 10 years after the bombings and are still present today. The LSS has clarified the dose-response relationships of radiation exposure and risk of various cancers, taking into account important risk modifiers such as sex, age at exposure, and attained age. Confounding by conventional risk factors including lifestyle differences is not considered substantial because people were non-selectively exposed to the atomic bomb radiation. Uncertainty in risk estimates at low-dose levels is thought to be derived from various sources, including different estimates of risk at background levels, uncertainty in dose estimates, residual confounding and interaction, strong risk factors, and exposure to residual radiation and/or medical radiation. The risk of cancer in subjects exposed IN UTERO : is similar to that in LSS subjects who were exposed in childhood. Regarding hereditary effects of radiation exposure, no increased risk of cancers associated with parental exposure to radiation have been observed in the F1 cohort to date. In addition to biological and pathogenetic interpretations of the present results, epidemiological investigations using advanced technology should be used to further analyze these cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kotaro Ozasa
- Department of Epidemiology, Radiation Effects Research Foundation, 5-2 Hjiyama-koen, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 732-0815, Japan
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7
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Qu K, Pang Q, Lin T, Zhang L, Gu M, Niu W, Liu C, Zhang M. Circulating interleukin-10 levels and human papilloma virus and Epstein-Barr virus-associated cancers: evidence from a Mendelian randomization meta-analysis based on 11,170 subjects. Onco Targets Ther 2016; 9:1251-67. [PMID: 27022283 PMCID: PMC4788367 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s96772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have showed interleukin 10 (IL-10) is a critical cytokine that determines antiviral immune response and is related to virus-associated cancers. However, whether genetically elevated circulating IL-10 levels are associated with the risk of human papilloma virus and Epstein–Barr virus-associated cancers (HEACs) is still unclear. Mendelian randomization method was implemented to meta-analyze available observational studies by employing IL-10 three variants (−592C>A, −819C>T, and −1082A>G) as instruments. A total of 24 articles encompassing 11,170 subjects were ultimately eligible for the meta-analysis. Overall, there was a significant association between IL-10 promoter variant −1082A>G and HEACs under allelic and dominant models (both P<0.01). Subgroup analysis by cancer type indicated that the risk estimate of −1082A>G was significant for nasopharyngeal cancer under allelic, homozygous genotypic and dominant models (all P<0.001). Moreover by ethnicity, carriers of −1082G allele had a 74% increased risk for nasopharyngeal cancer in Asians under dominant model (odds ratio [OR] =1.737; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.280–2.358; P<0.001). In further Mendelian randomization analysis, the predicted OR for 10 pg/mL increment in IL-10 levels was 1.14 (95% CI: 1.01–16.99) in HEACs. Our findings provided strong evidence for a critical role of genetically elevated circulating IL-10 levels in the development of HEACs, especially in Asian population and for nasopharyngeal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Qu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Pang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Lin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingliang Gu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenquan Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Locke PA, Weil MM. Personalized Cancer Risk Assessments for Space Radiation Exposures. Front Oncol 2016; 6:38. [PMID: 26942127 PMCID: PMC4762001 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2016.00038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Individuals differ in their susceptibility to radiogenic cancers, and there is evidence that this inter-individual susceptibility extends to HZE ion-induced carcinogenesis. Three components of individual risk: sex, age at exposure, and prior tobacco use, are already incorporated into the NASA cancer risk model used to determine safe days in space for US astronauts. Here, we examine other risk factors that could potentially be included in risk calculations. These include personal and family medical history, the presence of pre-malignant cells that could undergo malignant transformation as a consequence of radiation exposure, the results from phenotypic assays of radiosensitivity, heritable genetic polymorphisms associated with radiosensitivity, and postflight monitoring. Inclusion of these additional risk or risk reduction factors has the potential to personalize risk estimates for individual astronauts and could influence the determination of safe days in space. We consider how this type of assessment could be used and explore how the provisions of the federal Genetic Information Non-discrimination Act could impact the collection, dissemination and use of this information by NASA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul A Locke
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health , Baltimore, MD , USA
| | - Michael M Weil
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University , Fort Collins, CO , USA
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Hu Y, Yoshida K, Cologne JB, Maki M, Morishita Y, Sasaki K, Hayashi I, Ohishi W, Hida A, Kyoizumi S, Kusunoki Y, Tokunaga K, Nakachi K, Hayashi T. CD14 and IL18 gene polymorphisms associated with colorectal cancer subsite risks among atomic bomb survivors. Hum Genome Var 2015; 2:15035. [PMID: 27081544 PMCID: PMC4785571 DOI: 10.1038/hgv.2015.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Revised: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignancy worldwide, and chronic inflammation is a risk factor for CRC. In this study, we carried out a cohort study among the Japanese atomic bomb (A-bomb) survivor population to investigate any association between immune- and inflammation-related gene polymorphisms and CRC. We examined the effects of six single-nucleotide polymorphisms of CD14 and IL18 on relative risks (RRs) of CRC. Results showed that RRs of CRC, overall and by anatomic subsite, significantly increased with increasing radiation dose. The CD14–911A/A genotype showed statistically significant higher risks for all CRC and distal CRC compared with the other two genotypes. In addition, the IL18–137 G/G genotype showed statistically significant higher risks for proximal colon cancer compared with the other two genotypes. In phenotype–genotype analyses, the CD14–911A/A genotype presented significantly higher levels of membrane and soluble CD14 compared with the other two genotypes, and the IL18–137 G/G genotype tended to be lower levels of plasma interleukin (IL)-18 compared with the other two genotypes. These results suggest the potential involvement of a CD14-mediated inflammatory response in the development of distal CRC and an IL18-mediated inflammatory response in the development of proximal colon cancer among A-bomb survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqun Hu
- Department of Radiobiology/Molecular Epidemiology, Radiation Effects Research Foundation , Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kengo Yoshida
- Department of Radiobiology/Molecular Epidemiology, Radiation Effects Research Foundation , Hiroshima, Japan
| | - John B Cologne
- Department of Statistics, Radiation Effects Research Foundation , Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Mayumi Maki
- Department of Radiobiology/Molecular Epidemiology, Radiation Effects Research Foundation , Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yukari Morishita
- Department of Radiobiology/Molecular Epidemiology, Radiation Effects Research Foundation , Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Keiko Sasaki
- Department of Radiobiology/Molecular Epidemiology, Radiation Effects Research Foundation , Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Ikue Hayashi
- Central Research Laboratory, Hiroshima University Faculty of Dentistry , Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Waka Ohishi
- Clinical Studies, Radiation Effects Research Foundation , Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Ayumi Hida
- Department of Clinical Studies, Radiation Effects Research Foundation , Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Seishi Kyoizumi
- Department of Radiobiology/Molecular Epidemiology, Radiation Effects Research Foundation , Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Kusunoki
- Department of Radiobiology/Molecular Epidemiology, Radiation Effects Research Foundation , Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Katsushi Tokunaga
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo , Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kei Nakachi
- Department of Radiobiology/Molecular Epidemiology, Radiation Effects Research Foundation , Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tomonori Hayashi
- Department of Radiobiology/Molecular Epidemiology, Radiation Effects Research Foundation , Hiroshima, Japan
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Kamiya K, Ozasa K, Akiba S, Niwa O, Kodama K, Takamura N, Zaharieva EK, Kimura Y, Wakeford R. Long-term effects of radiation exposure on health. Lancet 2015; 386:469-78. [PMID: 26251392 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(15)61167-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Late-onset effects of exposure to ionising radiation on the human body have been identified by long-term, large-scale epidemiological studies. The cohort study of Japanese survivors of the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki (the Life Span Study) is thought to be the most reliable source of information about these health effects because of the size of the cohort, the exposure of a general population of both sexes and all ages, and the wide range of individually assessed doses. For this reason, the Life Span Study has become fundamental to risk assessment in the radiation protection system of the International Commission on Radiological Protection and other authorities. Radiation exposure increases the risk of cancer throughout life, so continued follow-up of survivors is essential. Overall, survivors have a clear radiation-related excess risk of cancer, and people exposed as children have a higher risk of radiation-induced cancer than those exposed at older ages. At high doses, and possibly at low doses, radiation might increase the risk of cardiovascular disease and some other non-cancer diseases. Hereditary effects in the children of atomic bomb survivors have not been detected. The dose-response relation for cancer at low doses is assumed, for purposes of radiological protection, to be linear without a threshold, but has not been shown definitively. This outstanding issue is not only a problem when dealing appropriately with potential health effects of nuclear accidents, such as at Fukushima and Chernobyl, but is of growing concern in occupational and medical exposure. Therefore, the appropriate dose-response relation for effects of low doses of radiation needs to be established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Kamiya
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
| | | | - Suminori Akiba
- Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Ohstura Niwa
- Fukushima Global Medical Science Center, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | | | - Noboru Takamura
- Department of Global Health, Medicine and Welfare, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Elena K Zaharieva
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yuko Kimura
- Department of Global Health, Medicine and Welfare, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Richard Wakeford
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Health, Institute of Population Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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Cho YY, Lim J, Oh CM, Ryu J, Jung KW, Chung JH, Won YJ, Kim SW. Elevated risks of subsequent primary malignancies in patients with thyroid cancer: A nationwide, population-based study in Korea. Cancer 2014; 121:259-68. [DOI: 10.1002/cncr.29025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2014] [Revised: 04/26/2014] [Accepted: 05/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Young Cho
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Thyroid Center, Samsung Medical Center; Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - Jiwon Lim
- Cancer Registration and Statistics Branch; Division of Cancer Registration and Surveillance; National Cancer Center; Goyang Korea
| | - Chang-Mo Oh
- Cancer Registration and Statistics Branch; Division of Cancer Registration and Surveillance; National Cancer Center; Goyang Korea
| | - Junsun Ryu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; Head & Neck Oncology Clinic, Center for Thyroid Cancer, National Cancer Center; Goyang Korea
| | - Kyu-Won Jung
- Cancer Registration and Statistics Branch; Division of Cancer Registration and Surveillance; National Cancer Center; Goyang Korea
| | - Jae Hoon Chung
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Thyroid Center, Samsung Medical Center; Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - Young-Joo Won
- Cancer Registration and Statistics Branch; Division of Cancer Registration and Surveillance; National Cancer Center; Goyang Korea
| | - Sun Wook Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Thyroid Center, Samsung Medical Center; Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine; Seoul Korea
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12
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Zhang BP, Zhang C, Wan XP. Meta-analysis of association between interleukin-10 -1082G/A polymorphism and genetic susceptibility to gastric cancer. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2014; 22:2922-2927. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v22.i20.2922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To explore the relationship between the interleukin-10 (IL-10) -1082G/A polymorphism and genetic susceptibility to gastric cancer.
METHODS: The relevant studies assessing the association of the IL-10 -1082G/A polymorphism with genetic susceptibility to gastric cancer were comprehensively searched, and Meta-analysis was performed. The results were tested for heterogeneity. The combined OR values and their 95%CI were statistically tested suing Rev Man 5.0, and the funnel plots was used for the bias analysis of all the published literature.
RESULTS: Eleven studies met the requirements of data screening. There were 2025 cases and 2467 controls. According to heterogeneity test result, combined OR values were taken. Combined OR values and 95%CI for cases with AG, GG, and AG + GG genotypes relative to the control group were 2.03 (1.58-2.59), 1.89 (1.33-2.69), and 1.96 (1.53-2.51), respectively, and the total effect Z values were 5.61, 3.52 and 5.33 (P < 0.00001, = 0.0004, < 0.00001). The sensitivity analysis was stable and the publication bias showed no significance.
CONCLUSION: The IL-10 -1082G/A polymorphism is associated with the occurrence of gastric cancer.
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