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Wang H, Tian X, Ji L, Shi L, Wang Y. RNA-seq Based Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Role of Myoglobin in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Inflammation 2024:10.1007/s10753-024-02151-x. [PMID: 39379676 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-024-02151-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Revised: 09/22/2024] [Accepted: 09/23/2024] [Indexed: 10/10/2024]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease which manifests as joint destruction and bone erosion, could be caused by both genetic and environmental factors. Currently, the causes of RA are unknown, and targeted therapies are often associated with side effects and contraindications. The detection rate of RA in women is higher than men (3:1), however, there is still a lack of comprehensive understanding of the relationship between sex and RA. We hypothesized gender differences in RA prevalence and their associated mechanisms by performing genome-wide transcriptome analysis of synovial biopsy samples. The results indicated that myoglobin (MB) was differentially expressed between males and females, with higher expression in males than females in healthy populations, while the opposite was observed in RA patients. MB interacted with HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DM beta (HLA-DMB) and the inflammatory factor interleukin 6 (IL-6) in the human synovial cell line MH7A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibin Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Xin Tian
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Le Ji
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Liang Shi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, Xi'an No. 5 Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
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2
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Ghosn Y, Alam R, El Annan T, Haddad G, Khdhir M, Farhat L, Hafez R, Moukaddam H, Khoury N, Khouzami R. Para-articular and intra-articular soft tissue lesions: Radiologic-pathologic correlation. Eur J Radiol 2024; 181:111718. [PMID: 39357286 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2024.111718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2024] [Accepted: 09/01/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
Articular masses comprise various disease entities including benign or malignant proliferative processes and other non-neoplastic processes such as infection, deposition diseases, vascular malformations, and other lesions. Many diseases that lead to intra-articular or para-articular masses have distinct imaging features, particularly on MRI. Radiologists can localize masses to the joint space by knowing the articular anatomy and can reach a suggested diagnosis by looking at precise imaging findings. In this review article, we first define the concept of articular space (intraarticular, para-articular) and the normal joint anatomy and histology. We provide a general and comprehensive approach for evaluation of articular lesions on MRI. We then describe specific imaging and histologic features of typical benign and malignant soft tissue articular neoplasms and some non-neoplastic mimickers; and provide a radio-pathologic correlation of the different described entities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youssef Ghosn
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, American University of Beirut, Lebanon.
| | | | - Tamara El Annan
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, American University of Beirut, Lebanon.
| | | | - Mihran Khdhir
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, USA
| | - Lama Farhat
- Department of Pathology, American University of Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Rayan Hafez
- Department of Pathology, American University of Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Hicham Moukaddam
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, American University of Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Nabil Khoury
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, American University of Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Riad Khouzami
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, American University of Beirut, Lebanon.
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3
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Craig LE. Sarcomas of synovial origin in dogs: An updated review. Vet Pathol 2024:3009858241265005. [PMID: 39068516 DOI: 10.1177/03009858241265005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
The purpose of this review is to clarify the terminology, possible cells of origin, and expected behavior of the most common synovial tumors in dogs. The synovial lining consists of 2 cell types, type A and type B. Type A synoviocytes are histiocytes of bone marrow origin that are immunoreactive with antibodies against typical markers of histiocyte origin, such as CD18, Iba-1, and CD204. Certain breeds and dogs with previous injury to a joint, especially cranial cruciate ligament rupture, are predisposed to synovial histiocytic sarcoma. Type B synoviocytes are mesenchymal cells that produce synovial fluid. There are no specific markers of type B synoviocytes, but based on their gross and microscopic appearance, synovial myxosarcomas (previously considered synovial myxomas) are presumed to be of type B synoviocyte origin. These can infiltrate into surrounding tissues, but are slow-growing and rarely metastasize, and then only to regional lymph nodes. Synovial histiocytic sarcomas and myxosarcomas can cause lysis in multiple bones surrounding the joint, but they have different prognoses and require histopathology and sometimes immunohistochemistry to diagnose them. Synovial sarcoma and synovial cell sarcoma are terms used in the human medical literature for a tumor that is not of synovial origin; these terms should not be used in veterinary medicine.
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4
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Zhang Y, He X, Yin D, Zhang Y. Redefinition of Synovial Fibroblasts in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Aging Dis 2024:AD.2024.0514. [PMID: 39122458 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2024.0514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The breakdown of immune tolerance and the rise in autoimmunity contribute to the onset of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), driven by significant changes in immune components. Recent advances in single-cell and spatial transcriptome profiling have revealed shifts in cell distribution and composition, expanding our understanding beyond molecular-level changes in inflammatory cytokines, autoantibodies, and autoantigens in RA. Surprisingly, synovial fibroblasts (SFs) play an active immunopathogenic role rather than remaining passive bystanders in RA, with notable alterations in their subpopulation distribution and composition. This study examines these changes in SF heterogeneity, assesses their impact on RA progression, and elucidates the immune characteristics and functions of SF subsets in the RA autoimmunity, encompassing both intrinsic and adaptive immunity. Additionally, this review discusses therapeutic strategies targeting immune SF subsets, highlighting the potential of future interventions in SF phenotypic reprogramming. Overall, this review redefines the role of SFs in RA and suggests targeting SF phenotypic reprogramming and its upstream molecules as a promising therapeutic approach to restore immune balance and modulate immune tolerance in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinci Zhang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, China
| | - Xiong He
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Dongdong Yin
- First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, China
| | - Yihao Zhang
- Department of health inspection and quarantine, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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5
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Liu Y, Jia F, Li K, Liang C, Lin X, Geng W, Li Y. Critical signaling molecules in the temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis under different magnitudes of mechanical stimulation. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1419494. [PMID: 39055494 PMCID: PMC11269110 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1419494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The mechanical stress environment in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is constantly changing due to daily mandibular movements. Therefore, TMJ tissues, such as condylar cartilage, the synovial membrane and discs, are influenced by different magnitudes of mechanical stimulation. Moderate mechanical stimulation is beneficial for maintaining homeostasis, whereas abnormal mechanical stimulation leads to degeneration and ultimately contributes to the development of temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA), which involves changes in critical signaling molecules. Under abnormal mechanical stimulation, compensatory molecules may prevent degenerative changes while decompensatory molecules aggravate. In this review, we summarize the critical signaling molecules that are stimulated by moderate or abnormal mechanical loading in TMJ tissues, mainly in condylar cartilage. Furthermore, we classify abnormal mechanical stimulation-induced molecules into compensatory or decompensatory molecules. Our aim is to understand the pathophysiological mechanism of TMJ dysfunction more deeply in the ever-changing mechanical environment, and then provide new ideas for discovering effective diagnostic and therapeutic targets in TMJOA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Wei Geng
- Department of Dental Implant Center, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanxi Li
- Department of Dental Implant Center, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Zheng Y, Wei K, Jiang P, Zhao J, Shan Y, Shi Y, Zhao F, Chang C, Li Y, Zhou M, Lv X, Guo S, He D. Macrophage polarization in rheumatoid arthritis: signaling pathways, metabolic reprogramming, and crosstalk with synovial fibroblasts. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1394108. [PMID: 38799455 PMCID: PMC11116671 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1394108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by persistent synovial inflammation and progressive joint destruction. Macrophages are key effector cells that play a central role in RA pathogenesis through their ability to polarize into distinct functional phenotypes. An imbalance favoring pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages over anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages disrupts immune homeostasis and exacerbates joint inflammation. Multiple signaling pathways, including Notch, JAK/STAT, NF-κb, and MAPK, regulate macrophage polarization towards the M1 phenotype in RA. Metabolic reprogramming also contributes to this process, with M1 macrophages prioritizing glycolysis while M2 macrophages utilize oxidative phosphorylation. Redressing this imbalance by modulating macrophage polarization and metabolic state represents a promising therapeutic strategy. Furthermore, complex bidirectional interactions exist between synovial macrophages and fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS), forming a self-perpetuating inflammatory loop. Macrophage-derived factors promote aggressive phenotypes in FLS, while FLS-secreted mediators contribute to aberrant macrophage activation. Elucidating the signaling networks governing macrophage polarization, metabolic adaptations, and crosstalk with FLS is crucial to developing targeted therapies that can restore immune homeostasis and mitigate joint pathology in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Zheng
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Wei
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Jiang
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianan Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Shan
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiming Shi
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fuyu Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Cen Chang
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunshen Li
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mi Zhou
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinliang Lv
- Department of Rheumatology, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
| | - Shicheng Guo
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongyi He
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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7
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Bačenková D, Trebuňová M, Demeterová J, Živčák J. Human Chondrocytes, Metabolism of Articular Cartilage, and Strategies for Application to Tissue Engineering. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17096. [PMID: 38069417 PMCID: PMC10707713 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242317096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyaline cartilage, which is characterized by the absence of vascularization and innervation, has minimal self-repair potential in case of damage and defect formation in the chondral layer. Chondrocytes are specialized cells that ensure the synthesis of extracellular matrix components, namely type II collagen and aggregen. On their surface, they express integrins CD44, α1β1, α3β1, α5β1, α10β1, αVβ1, αVβ3, and αVβ5, which are also collagen-binding components of the extracellular matrix. This article aims to contribute to solving the problem of the possible repair of chondral defects through unique methods of tissue engineering, as well as the process of pathological events in articular cartilage. In vitro cell culture models used for hyaline cartilage repair could bring about advanced possibilities. Currently, there are several variants of the combination of natural and synthetic polymers and chondrocytes. In a three-dimensional environment, chondrocytes retain their production capacity. In the case of mesenchymal stromal cells, their favorable ability is to differentiate into a chondrogenic lineage in a three-dimensional culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darina Bačenková
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Measurement, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Košice, Letná 9, 042 00 Košice, Slovakia; (M.T.); (J.D.); (J.Ž.)
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Tsuchiya M, Ohashi Y, Kodera Y, Satoh M, Matsui T, Fukushima K, Iwase D, Aikawa J, Mukai M, Inoue G, Takaso M, Uchida K. CD39+CD55- Fb Subset Exhibits Myofibroblast-Like Phenotype and Is Associated with Pain in Osteoarthritis of the Knee. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3047. [PMID: 38002046 PMCID: PMC10669511 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11113047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies utilizing single-cell analysis have unveiled the presence of various fibroblast (Fb) subsets within the synovium under inflammatory conditions in osteoarthritis (OA), distinguishing them from those in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Moreover, it has been reported that pain in knee OA patients is linked to specific fibroblast subsets. Single-cell expression profiling methods offer an incredibly detailed view of the molecular states of individual cells. However, one limitation of these methods is that they require the destruction of cells during the analysis process, rendering it impossible to directly assess cell function. In our study, we employ flow cytometric analysis, utilizing cell surface markers CD39 and CD55, in an attempt to isolate fibroblast subsets and investigate their relationship with OA pathology. Synovial tissues were obtained from 25 knee OA (KOA) patients. Of these, six samples were analyzed by RNA-seq (n = 3) and LC/MS analysis (n = 3). All 25 samples were analyzed to estimate the proportion of Fb (CD45-CD31-CD90+) subset by flow cytometry. The proportion of Fb subsets (CD39+CD55- and CD39-CD55+) and their association with osteoarthritis pathology were evaluated. CD39+CD55- Fb highly expressed myogenic markers such as CNN1, IGFBP7, MYH11, and TPM1 compared to CD39-CD55+ Fb. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis of upregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in CD39+CD55- Fb identified the Apelin pathway and cGMP-PKC-signaling pathway as possibly contributing to pain. LC/MS analysis indicated that proteins encoded by myogenic marker genes, including CNN1, IGFBP7, and MYH11, were also significantly higher than in CD39-CD55+ Fb. CD39-CD55+ Fb highly expressed PRG4 genes and proteins. Upregulated DEGs were enriched for pathways associated with proinflammatory states ('RA', 'TNF signaling pathway', 'IL-17 signaling pathway'). The proportion of CD39+CD55- Fb in synovium significantly correlated with both resting and active pain levels in knee OA (KOA) patients (resting pain, ρ = 0.513, p = 0.009; active pain, ρ = 0.483, p = 0.015). There was no correlation between joint space width (JSW) and the proportion of CD39+CD55- Fb. In contrast, there was no correlation between the proportion of CD39-CD55+ Fb and resting pain, active pain, or JSW. In conclusion, CD39+CD55- cells exhibit a myofibroblast phenotype, and its proportion is associated with KOA pain. Our study sheds light on the potential significance of CD39+CD55- synovial fibroblasts in osteoarthritis, their myofibroblast-like phenotype, and their association with joint pain. These findings provide a foundation for further research into the mechanisms underlying fibrosis, the impact of altered gene expression on osteoarthritic joints, and potential therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maho Tsuchiya
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Minami-ku, Kitasato, Sagamihara 252-0374, Kanagawa, Japan; (M.T.); (Y.O.); (K.F.); (D.I.); (J.A.); (M.M.); (G.I.); (M.T.)
| | - Yoshihisa Ohashi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Minami-ku, Kitasato, Sagamihara 252-0374, Kanagawa, Japan; (M.T.); (Y.O.); (K.F.); (D.I.); (J.A.); (M.M.); (G.I.); (M.T.)
| | - Yoshio Kodera
- Department of Physics, School of Science, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara 252-0373, Kanagawa, Japan; (Y.K.); (T.M.)
- Center for Disease Proteomics, School of Science, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara 252-0373, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masashi Satoh
- Department of Immunology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Minami-ku, Kitasato, Sagamihara 252-0374, Kanagawa, Japan;
| | - Takashi Matsui
- Department of Physics, School of Science, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara 252-0373, Kanagawa, Japan; (Y.K.); (T.M.)
- Center for Disease Proteomics, School of Science, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara 252-0373, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kensuke Fukushima
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Minami-ku, Kitasato, Sagamihara 252-0374, Kanagawa, Japan; (M.T.); (Y.O.); (K.F.); (D.I.); (J.A.); (M.M.); (G.I.); (M.T.)
| | - Dai Iwase
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Minami-ku, Kitasato, Sagamihara 252-0374, Kanagawa, Japan; (M.T.); (Y.O.); (K.F.); (D.I.); (J.A.); (M.M.); (G.I.); (M.T.)
| | - Jun Aikawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Minami-ku, Kitasato, Sagamihara 252-0374, Kanagawa, Japan; (M.T.); (Y.O.); (K.F.); (D.I.); (J.A.); (M.M.); (G.I.); (M.T.)
| | - Manabu Mukai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Minami-ku, Kitasato, Sagamihara 252-0374, Kanagawa, Japan; (M.T.); (Y.O.); (K.F.); (D.I.); (J.A.); (M.M.); (G.I.); (M.T.)
| | - Gen Inoue
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Minami-ku, Kitasato, Sagamihara 252-0374, Kanagawa, Japan; (M.T.); (Y.O.); (K.F.); (D.I.); (J.A.); (M.M.); (G.I.); (M.T.)
| | - Masashi Takaso
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Minami-ku, Kitasato, Sagamihara 252-0374, Kanagawa, Japan; (M.T.); (Y.O.); (K.F.); (D.I.); (J.A.); (M.M.); (G.I.); (M.T.)
| | - Kentaro Uchida
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Minami-ku, Kitasato, Sagamihara 252-0374, Kanagawa, Japan; (M.T.); (Y.O.); (K.F.); (D.I.); (J.A.); (M.M.); (G.I.); (M.T.)
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Mimpen JY, Hedley R, Ridley A, Baldwin MJ, Windell D, Bhalla A, Ramos-Mucci L, Buckley CD, Coles MC, Alvand A, Price AJ, Carr AJ, Dakin SG, Snelling SJB. Cellular characterisation of advanced osteoarthritis knee synovium. Arthritis Res Ther 2023; 25:154. [PMID: 37612718 PMCID: PMC10463598 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-023-03110-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Osteoarthritis (OA) is increasingly recognised as a whole joint disease, with an important role for synovium. However, the repertoire of immune cells and fibroblasts that constitute OA synovium remains understudied. This study aims to characterise the cellular composition of advanced OA synovium and to explore potential correlations between different cell types and patient demographics or clinical scores. METHODS Synovium, collected from 10 patients with advanced OA during total knee replacement surgery, was collagenase-digested, and cells were stained for flow cytometry analysis. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded synovium was sectioned, stained with immunofluorescence, and imaged using the multiplex Cell DIVE platform. Patient demographics and clinical scores were also collected. RESULTS The proportion of immune cells in OA synovium varied between patients (8-38% of all cells). Macrophages and T cells were the dominant immune cell populations, together representing 76% of immune cells. Age positively correlated with the proportion of macrophages, and negatively correlated with T cells. CCR6+ T cells were found in 6/10 patients; these patients had a higher mean Kellgren-Lawrence grade across the three knee compartments. Immunofluorescence staining showed that macrophages were present in the lining as well as distributed throughout the sublining, while T and B cells were mainly localised near vessels in the sublining. Fibroblast subsets (CD45-PDPN+) based on the expression of CD34/CD90 or FAP/CD90 were identified in all patient samples, and some populations correlate with the percentage of immune cells or clinical scores. Immunofluorescence staining showed that FAP expression was particularly strong in the lining layer, but also present throughout the sublining layer. CD90 expression was exclusively found around vessels in the sublining, while CD34 was mostly found in the sublining but also occasionally in the lining layer. CONCLUSIONS There are significant differences in the relative proportions and subsets of immune cells in OA synovium; exploratory correlative analyses suggest that these differences might be correlated with age, clinical scores, or fibroblast subsets. Additional studies are required to understand how different cell types affect OA pathobiology, and if the presence or proportion of cell subsets relates to disease phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolet Y Mimpen
- Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - Robert Hedley
- Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Anna Ridley
- Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Mathew J Baldwin
- Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Dylan Windell
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ananya Bhalla
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Lorenzo Ramos-Mucci
- Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Christopher D Buckley
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Mark C Coles
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Abtin Alvand
- Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Andrew J Price
- Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Andrew J Carr
- Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Stephanie G Dakin
- Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sarah J B Snelling
- Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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10
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Strizova Z, Benesova I, Bartolini R, Novysedlak R, Cecrdlova E, Foley L, Striz I. M1/M2 macrophages and their overlaps - myth or reality? Clin Sci (Lond) 2023; 137:1067-1093. [PMID: 37530555 PMCID: PMC10407193 DOI: 10.1042/cs20220531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages represent heterogeneous cell population with important roles in defence mechanisms and in homoeostasis. Tissue macrophages from diverse anatomical locations adopt distinct activation states. M1 and M2 macrophages are two polarized forms of mononuclear phagocyte in vitro differentiation with distinct phenotypic patterns and functional properties, but in vivo, there is a wide range of different macrophage phenotypes in between depending on the microenvironment and natural signals they receive. In human infections, pathogens use different strategies to combat macrophages and these strategies include shaping the macrophage polarization towards one or another phenotype. Macrophages infiltrating the tumours can affect the patient's prognosis. M2 macrophages have been shown to promote tumour growth, while M1 macrophages provide both tumour-promoting and anti-tumour properties. In autoimmune diseases, both prolonged M1 activation, as well as altered M2 function can contribute to their onset and activity. In human atherosclerotic lesions, macrophages expressing both M1 and M2 profiles have been detected as one of the potential factors affecting occurrence of cardiovascular diseases. In allergic inflammation, T2 cytokines drive macrophage polarization towards M2 profiles, which promote airway inflammation and remodelling. M1 macrophages in transplantations seem to contribute to acute rejection, while M2 macrophages promote the fibrosis of the graft. The view of pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages and M2 macrophages suppressing inflammation seems to be an oversimplification because these cells exploit very high level of plasticity and represent a large scale of different immunophenotypes with overlapping properties. In this respect, it would be more precise to describe macrophages as M1-like and M2-like.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Strizova
- Department of Immunology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, V Uvalu 84, 15006, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Iva Benesova
- Department of Immunology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, V Uvalu 84, 15006, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Robin Bartolini
- Chemokine Research Group, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TT, U.K
| | - Rene Novysedlak
- Third Department of Surgery, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, V Uvalu 84, 15006, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Cecrdlova
- Department of Clinical and Transplant Immunology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lily Koumbas Foley
- Chemokine Research Group, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TT, U.K
| | - Ilja Striz
- Department of Clinical and Transplant Immunology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Immunology and Microbiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
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11
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Copp G, Robb KP, Viswanathan S. Culture-expanded mesenchymal stromal cell therapy: does it work in knee osteoarthritis? A pathway to clinical success. Cell Mol Immunol 2023; 20:626-650. [PMID: 37095295 PMCID: PMC10229578 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-023-01020-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative multifactorial disease with concomitant structural, inflammatory, and metabolic changes that fluctuate in a temporal and patient-specific manner. This complexity has contributed to refractory responses to various treatments. MSCs have shown promise as multimodal therapeutics in mitigating OA symptoms and disease progression. Here, we evaluated 15 randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs) and 11 nonrandomized RCTs using culture-expanded MSCs in the treatment of knee OA, and we found net positive effects of MSCs on mitigating pain and symptoms (improving function in 12/15 RCTs relative to baseline and in 11/15 RCTs relative to control groups at study endpoints) and on cartilage protection and/or repair (18/21 clinical studies). We examined MSC dose, tissue of origin, and autologous vs. allogeneic origins as well as patient clinical phenotype, endotype, age, sex and level of OA severity as key parameters in parsing MSC clinical effectiveness. The relatively small sample size of 610 patients limited the drawing of definitive conclusions. Nonetheless, we noted trends toward moderate to higher doses of MSCs in select OA patient clinical phenotypes mitigating pain and leading to structural improvements or cartilage preservation. Evidence from preclinical studies is supportive of MSC anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects, but additional investigations on immunomodulatory, chondroprotective and other clinical mechanisms of action are needed. We hypothesize that MSC basal immunomodulatory "fitness" correlates with OA treatment efficacy, but this hypothesis needs to be validated in future studies. We conclude with a roadmap articulating the need to match an OA patient subset defined by molecular endotype and clinical phenotype with basally immunomodulatory "fit" or engineered-to-be-fit-for-OA MSCs in well-designed, data-intensive clinical trials to advance the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Griffin Copp
- Osteoarthritis Research Program, Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Schroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kevin P Robb
- Osteoarthritis Research Program, Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Schroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sowmya Viswanathan
- Osteoarthritis Research Program, Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Schroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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12
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Roggio F, Petrigna L, Trovato B, Di Rosa M, Musumeci G. The Role of Lubricin, Irisin and Exercise in the Prevention and Treatment of Osteoarthritis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065126. [PMID: 36982198 PMCID: PMC10049370 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is a chronic degenerative musculoskeletal disease that worsens with age and is defined by pathological alterations in joint components. All clinical treatment recommendations for osteoarthritis promote exercise, although precise molecular pathways are unclear. The purpose of this study was to critically analyze the research on lubricin and irisin and how they relate to healthy and diseased joint tissue. Our research focused specifically on exercise strategies and offered new perspectives for future potential osteoarthritis treatment plans. Although lubricin and irisin have only recently been discovered, there is evidence that they have an impact on cartilage homeostasis. A crucial component of cartilage lubrication and integrity, lubricin is a surface-active mucinous glycoprotein released by the synovial joint. Its expression increases with joint movement. In healthy joints, lubricin molecules cover the cartilage surface to lubricate the boundary of the joint and inhibit protein and cell attachment. Patients with joint trauma, inflammatory arthritis, or genetically mediated lubricin deficiency, who do not produce enough lubricin to protect the articular cartilage, develop arthropathy. Irisin, sometimes known as the "sports hormone", is a myokine secreted primarily by skeletal muscle. It is a physiologically active protein that can enter the circulation as an endocrine factor, and its synthesis and secretion are primarily triggered by exercise-induced muscle contraction. We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Scopus using the appropriate keywords to identify the most recent research. The studies considered advance our knowledge of the role that exercise plays in the fight against osteoarthritis, serve as a valuable resource, and support the advancement of osteoarthritis prevention and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Roggio
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Anatomy, Histology and Movement Science, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95123 Catania, Italy
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Via Giovanni Pascoli 6, 90144 Palermo, Italy
| | - Luca Petrigna
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Anatomy, Histology and Movement Science, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Bruno Trovato
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Anatomy, Histology and Movement Science, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Michelino Di Rosa
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Anatomy, Histology and Movement Science, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Musumeci
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Anatomy, Histology and Movement Science, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95123 Catania, Italy
- Research Center on Motor Activities (CRAM), University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95123 Catania, Italy
- Department of Biology, Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
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13
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Xiang L, Liang J, Wang Z, Lin F, Zhuang Y, Saiding Q, Wang F, Deng L, Cui W. Motion lubrication suppressed mechanical activation via hydrated fibrous gene patch for tendon healing. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadc9375. [PMID: 36763658 PMCID: PMC9917012 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adc9375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical activation of fibroblasts, caused by friction and transforming growth factor-β1 recognition, is one of the main causes of tissue adhesions. In this study, we developed a lubricated gene-hydrogel patch, which provides both a motion lubrication microenvironment and gene therapy. The patch's outer layer is composed of polyethylene glycol polyester hydrogel. The hydrogel forms hydrogen bonds with water molecules to create the motion lubrication layer, and it also serves as a gene delivery library for long-term gene silencing. Under the motion lubricated microenvironment, extracellular signal-regulated kinase-small interfering RNA can silence fibroblasts and enhance the blocking effect against fibroblast activation. In vitro, the proposed patch effectively inhibits fibroblast activation and reduces the coefficient of friction. In vivo, this patch reduces the expression of vimentin and α-smooth muscle actin in fibroblasts. Therefore, the lubricated gene-hydrogel patch can inhibit the mechanical activation of fibroblasts to promote tendon healing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Feng Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Yaping Zhuang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Qimanguli Saiding
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Lianfu Deng
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Wenguo Cui
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
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14
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Lee SH, Jo SH, Kim SH, Kim CS, Park SH. Anti-Osteoarthritic Effects of Cartilage-Derived Extracellular Matrix in a Rat Osteoarthritis Model. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2023; 20:83-92. [PMID: 36562983 PMCID: PMC9852408 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-022-00508-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The extracellular matrix (ECM) has many functions, such as segregating tissues, providing support, and regulating intercellular communication. Cartilage-derived ECM (CECM) can be prepared via consecutive processes of chemical decellularization and enzyme treatment. The purpose of this study was to improve and treat osteoarthritis (OA) using porcine knee articular CECM. METHODS We assessed the rheological characteristics and pH of CECM solutions. Furthermore, we determined the effects of CECM on cell proliferation and cytotoxicity in the chondrocytes of New Zealand rabbits. The inhibitory effect of CECM on tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-induced cellular apoptosis was assessed using New Zealand rabbit chondrocytes and human synoviocytes. Finally, we examined the in vivo effects of CECM on inflammation control and cartilage degradation in an experimental OA-induced rat model. The rat model of OA was established by injecting monosodium iodoacetate into the intra-articular knee joint. The rats were then injected with CECM solution. Inflammation control and cartilage degradation were assessed by measuring the serum levels of proinflammatory cytokines and C-telopeptide of type II collagen and performing a histomorphological analysis. RESULTS CECM was found to be biocompatible and non-immunogenic, and could improve cell proliferation without inducing a toxic reaction. CECM significantly reduced cellular apoptosis due to TNF-α, significantly improved the survival of cells in inflammatory environments, and exerted anti-inflammatory effects. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that CECM is an appropriate injectable material that mediates OA-induced inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Hun Lee
- Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
- The Center for Marine Integrated Biomedical Technology (BK21 PLUS), Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Han Jo
- Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
- The Center for Marine Integrated Biomedical Technology (BK21 PLUS), Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Hwa Kim
- Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
- The Center for Marine Integrated Biomedical Technology (BK21 PLUS), Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Su Kim
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Kosin University Gospel Hospital, 45 Yongso-Ro, Nam-Gu, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hyug Park
- Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea.
- The Center for Marine Integrated Biomedical Technology (BK21 PLUS), Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea.
- Major of Biomedical Engineering, Division of Smart Healthcare, College of Information Technology and Convergence, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Wang T, Long Y, Ma L, Dong Q, Li Y, Guo J, Jin L, Di L, Zhang Y, Wang L, Hou Z. Single-cell RNA-seq reveals cellular heterogeneity from deep fascia in patients with acute compartment syndrome. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1062479. [PMID: 36741388 PMCID: PMC9889980 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1062479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction High stress in the compartment surrounded by the deep fascia can cause acute compartment syndrome (ACS) that may result in necrosis of the limbs. The study aims to investigate the cellular heterogeneity of the deep fascia in ACS patients by single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). Methods We collected deep fascia samples from patients with ACS (high-stress group, HG, n=3) and patients receiving thigh amputation due to osteosarcoma (normal-stress group, NG, n=3). We utilized ultrasound and scanning electron microscopy to observe the morphologic change of the deep fascia, used multiplex staining and multispectral imaging to explore immune cell infiltration, and applied scRNA-seq to investigate the cellular heterogeneity of the deep fascia and to identify differentially expressed genes. Results Notably, we identified GZMK+interferon-act CD4 central memory T cells as a specific high-stress compartment subcluster expressing interferon-related genes. Additionally, the changes in the proportions of inflammation-related subclusters, such as the increased proportion of M2 macrophages and decreased proportion of M1 macrophages, may play crucial roles in the balance of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory in the development of ACS. Furthermore, we found that heat shock protein genes were highly expressed but metal ion-related genes (S100 family and metallothionein family) were down-regulated in various subpopulations under high stress. Conclusions We identified a high stress-specific subcluster and variations in immune cells and fibroblast subclusters, as well as their differentially expressed genes, in ACS patients. Our findings reveal the functions of the deep fascia in the pathophysiology of ACS, providing new approaches for its treatment and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China,Orthopaedic Research Institute of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yubin Long
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China,Orthopaedic Research Institute of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Lijie Ma
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China,Orthopaedic Research Institute of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Qi Dong
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China,Orthopaedic Research Institute of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yiran Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China,Orthopaedic Research Institute of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Junfei Guo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China,Orthopaedic Research Institute of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Lin Jin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China,Orthopaedic Research Institute of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Luqin Di
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China,Orthopaedic Research Institute of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yingze Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China,Orthopaedic Research Institute of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China,National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Intelligent Orthopaedic Equipment, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Ling Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China,Orthopaedic Research Institute of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China,Department of Orthopedic Oncology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China,*Correspondence: Zhiyong Hou, ; Ling Wang,
| | - Zhiyong Hou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China,Orthopaedic Research Institute of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China,National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Intelligent Orthopaedic Equipment, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China,*Correspondence: Zhiyong Hou, ; Ling Wang,
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16
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Gremese E, Tolusso B, Bruno D, Perniola S, Ferraccioli G, Alivernini S. The forgotten key players in rheumatoid arthritis: IL-8 and IL-17 - Unmet needs and therapeutic perspectives. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:956127. [PMID: 37035302 PMCID: PMC10073515 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.956127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the relevant advances in our understanding of the pathogenetic mechanisms regulating inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and the development of effective therapeutics, to date, there is still a proportion of patients with RA who do not respond to treatment and end up progressing toward the development of joint damage, extra-articular complications, and disability. This is mainly due to the inter-individual heterogeneity of the molecular and cellular taxonomy of the synovial membrane, which represents the target tissue of RA inflammation. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) are crucial key players in RA pathogenesis fueling the inflammatory cascade, as supported by experimental evidence derived from in vivo animal models and the effectiveness of biologic-Disease Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs (b-DMARDs) in patients with RA. However, additional inflammatory soluble mediators such as IL-8 and IL-17 exert their pathogenetic actions promoting the detrimental activation of immune and stromal cells in RA synovial membrane, tendons, and extra-articular sites, as well as blood vessels and lungs, causing extra-articular complications, which might be excluded by the action of anti-TNFα and anti-IL6R targeted therapies. In this narrative review, we will discuss the role of IL-8 and IL-17 in promoting inflammation in multiple biological compartments (i.e., synovial membrane, blood vessels, and lung, respectively) in animal models of arthritis and patients with RA and how their selective targeting could improve the management of treatment resistance in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Gremese
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Immunology Core Facility, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- School of Medicine, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- *Correspondence: Elisa Gremese, Gianfranco Ferraccioli
| | - Barbara Tolusso
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Immunology Core Facility, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Dario Bruno
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Simone Perniola
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Ferraccioli
- School of Medicine, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- *Correspondence: Elisa Gremese, Gianfranco Ferraccioli
| | - Stefano Alivernini
- Immunology Core Facility, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- School of Medicine, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Division of Rheumatology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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Zamith Cunha R, Zannoni A, Salamanca G, De Silva M, Rinnovati R, Gramenzi A, Forni M, Chiocchetti R. Expression of cannabinoid (CB1 and CB2) and cannabinoid-related receptors (TRPV1, GPR55, and PPARα) in the synovial membrane of the horse metacarpophalangeal joint. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1045030. [PMID: 36937015 PMCID: PMC10020506 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1045030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The metacarpophalangeal joint undergoes enormous loading during locomotion and can therefore often become inflamed, potentially resulting in osteoarthritis (OA). There are studies indicating that the endocannabinoid system (ECS) modulates synovium homeostasis, and could be a promising target for OA therapy. Some cannabinoid receptors, which modulate proliferative and secretory responses in joint inflammation, have been functionally identified in human and animal synovial cells. Objective To characterize the cellular distribution of the cannabinoid receptors 1 (CB1R) and 2 (CB2R), and the cannabinoid-related receptors transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1), G protein-related receptor 55 (GPR55) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) in the synovial membrane of the metacarpophalangeal joint of the horse. Animals The dorsal synovial membranes of 14 equine metacarpophalangeal joints were collected post-mortem from an abattoir. Materials and methods The dorsal synovial membranes of 14 equine metacarpophalangeal joints were collected post-mortem from an abattoir. The expression of the CB1R, CB2R, TRPV1, GPR55, and PPARα in synovial tissues was studied using qualitative and quantitative immunofluorescence, and quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR). Macrophage-like (MLS) and fibroblast-like (FLS) synoviocytes were identified by means of antibodies directed against IBA1 and vimentin, respectively. Results Both the mRNA and protein expression of the CB2R, TRPV1, GPR55, and PPARα were found in the synoviocytes and blood vessels of the metacarpophalangeal joints. The synoviocytes expressed the mRNA and protein of the CB1R in some of the horses investigated, but not in all. Conclusions and clinical importance Given the expression of the CB1R, CB2R, TRPV1, GPR55, and PPARα in the synovial elements of the metacarpophalangeal joint, these findings encouraged the development of new studies supporting the use of molecules acting on these receptors to reduce the inflammation during joint inflammation in the horse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Zamith Cunha
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (UNI EN ISO 9001:2008), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Augusta Zannoni
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (UNI EN ISO 9001:2008), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giulia Salamanca
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (UNI EN ISO 9001:2008), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Margherita De Silva
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (UNI EN ISO 9001:2008), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Riccardo Rinnovati
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (UNI EN ISO 9001:2008), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessandro Gramenzi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Monica Forni
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (UNI EN ISO 9001:2008), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Roberto Chiocchetti
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (UNI EN ISO 9001:2008), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- *Correspondence: Roberto Chiocchetti
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da Silva LA, Thirupathi A, Colares MC, Haupenthal DPDS, Venturini LM, Corrêa MEAB, Silveira GDB, Haupenthal A, do Bomfim FRC, de Andrade TAM, Gu Y, Silveira PCL. The effectiveness of treadmill and swimming exercise in an animal model of osteoarthritis. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1101159. [PMID: 36895628 PMCID: PMC9990173 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1101159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Osteoarthritis (OA) is considered an inflammatory and degenerative joint disease, characterized by loss of hyaline joint cartilage and adjacent bone remodeling with the formation of osteophytes, accompanied by various degrees of functional limitation and reduction in the quality of life of individuals. The objective of this work was to investigate the effects of treatment with physical exercise on the treadmill and swimming in an animal model of osteoarthritis. Methods: Forty-eight male Wistar rats were divided (n=12 per group): Sham (S); Osteoarthritis (OA); Osteoarthritis + Treadmill (OA + T); Osteoarthritis + Swimming (OA + S). The mechanical model of OA was induced by median meniscectomy. Thirty days later, the animals started the physical exercise protocols. Both protocols were performed at moderate intensity. Forty-eight hours after the end of the exercise protocols, all animals were anesthetized and euthanized for histological, molecular, and biochemical parameters analysis. Results: Physical exercise performed on a treadmill was more effective in attenuating the action of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL1-β, and IL6) and positively regulating anti-inflammatories such as IL4, IL10, and TGF-β in relation to other groups. Discussion: In addition to maintaining a more balanced oxi-reductive environment within the joint, treadmill exercise provided a more satisfactory morphological outcome regarding the number of chondrocytes in the histological evaluation. As an outcome, better results were found in groups submitted to exercise, mostly treadmill exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro Almeida da Silva
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,Laboratory of Experimental Phisiopatology, Program of Postgraduate in Health Sciences, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | | | - Mateus Cardoso Colares
- Laboratory of Experimental Phisiopatology, Program of Postgraduate in Health Sciences, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Daniela Pacheco Dos Santos Haupenthal
- Laboratory of Experimental Phisiopatology, Program of Postgraduate in Health Sciences, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Ligia Milanez Venturini
- Laboratory of Experimental Phisiopatology, Program of Postgraduate in Health Sciences, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil.,Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências da Reabilitação, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Araranguá, SC, Brazil
| | - Maria Eduarda Anastácio Borges Corrêa
- Laboratory of Experimental Phisiopatology, Program of Postgraduate in Health Sciences, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Gustavo de Bem Silveira
- Laboratory of Experimental Phisiopatology, Program of Postgraduate in Health Sciences, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Alessandro Haupenthal
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências da Reabilitação, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Araranguá, SC, Brazil
| | | | | | - Yaodong Gu
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Paulo Cesar Lock Silveira
- Laboratory of Experimental Phisiopatology, Program of Postgraduate in Health Sciences, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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Strootmann T, Spitzbarth I, della Tommasa S, Brehm W, Köller G, Troillet A. Synovial Fluid Analysis and Microscopic Assessment of Macrophage Quantities and Morphology in Equine Septic Arthritis. Tierarztl Prax Ausg G Grosstiere Nutztiere 2022; 50:377-385. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1956-5245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objective Research and provision of data on macrophages by cytological synovial fluid analysis and light microscopy in horses with septic arthritis
Material and methods Records of 167 synovial fluid samples were evaluated and subdivided into different groups: (1) non-septic, (2) haematogenous septic arthritis in foals and (3) traumatic/iatrogenic septic arthritis. The effect of joint lavage on synovial fluid cytology and on the occurrence of macrophage phenotypes was investigated.
Results Regardless of aetiology and age of the horse, macrophage concentrations in synovial sepsis are decreased to a median of 5–6 % (unaffected joints: 23.5 %) and further diminished by joint lavage. Microscopic assessment led to the identification of 4 phenotypes. Morphological characteristics of type 1 showed similarities to monocytes and predominated in unaffected and in septic joints after lavage.
Conclusion and clinical relevance Macrophages are highly versatile by altering their phenotype. A morphological assessment by light microscopy is easily applicable. Type 1 presumably contributes to joint homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Strootmann
- Department for Horses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Leipzig University
| | - Ingo Spitzbarth
- Institute for Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Leipzig University
| | | | - Walter Brehm
- Department for Horses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Leipzig University
| | - Gabor Köller
- Department for Horses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Leipzig University
| | - Antonia Troillet
- Clinic for Horses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University
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20
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Satake T, Komura S, Aoki H, Hirakawa A, Imai Y, Akiyama H. Induction of iPSC-derived Prg4-positive cells with characteristics of superficial zone chondrocytes and fibroblast-like synovial cells. BMC Mol Cell Biol 2022; 23:30. [PMID: 35870887 PMCID: PMC9308249 DOI: 10.1186/s12860-022-00431-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lubricin, a proteoglycan encoded by the PRG4 gene, is synthesised by superficial zone (SFZ) chondrocytes and synovial cells. It reduces friction between joints and allows smooth sliding of tendons. Although lubricin has been shown to be effective against osteoarthritis and synovitis in animals, its clinical application remains untested. In this study, we aimed to induce lubricin-expressing cells from pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and applied them locally via cell transplantation. Methods To generate iPSCs, OCT3/4, SOX2, KLF4, and L-MYC were transduced into fibroblasts derived from Prg4-mRFP1 transgenic mice. We established a protocol for the differentiation of iPSC-derived Prg4-mRFP1-positive cells and characterised their mRNA expression profile. Finally, we injected Prg4-mRFP1-positive cells into the paratenon, surrounding the Achilles tendons and knee joints of severe combined immunodeficient mice and assessed lubricin expression. Result Wnt3a, activin A, TGF-β1, and bFGF were applied to induce the differentiation of iPSC-derived Prg4-mRFP1-positive cells. Markers related to SFZ chondrocytes and fibroblast-like synovial cells (FLSs) were expressed during differentiation. RNA-sequencing indicated that iPSC-derived Prg4-mRFP1-positive cells manifested expression profiles typical of SFZ chondrocytes and FLSs. Transplanted iPSC-derived Prg4-mRFP1-positive cells survived around the Achilles tendons and in knee joints. Conclusions The present study describes a protocol for the differentiation of iPSC-derived Prg4-positive cells with characteristics of SFZ chondrocytes and FLSs. Transplantation of lubricin-expressing cells offers promise as a therapy against arthritis and synovitis.
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21
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Peshkova M, Kosheleva N, Shpichka A, Radenska-Lopovok S, Telyshev D, Lychagin A, Li F, Timashev P, Liang XJ. Targeting Inflammation and Regeneration: Scaffolds, Extracellular Vesicles, and Nanotechnologies as Cell-Free Dual-Target Therapeutic Strategies. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13796. [PMID: 36430272 PMCID: PMC9694395 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) affects over 250 million people worldwide and despite various existing treatment strategies still has no cure. It is a multifactorial disease characterized by cartilage loss and low-grade synovial inflammation. Focusing on these two targets together could be the key to developing currently missing disease-modifying OA drugs (DMOADs). This review aims to discuss the latest cell-free techniques applied in cartilage tissue regeneration, since they can provide a more controllable approach to inflammation management than the cell-based ones. Scaffolds, extracellular vesicles, and nanocarriers can be used to suppress inflammation, but they can also act as immunomodulatory agents. This is consistent with the latest tissue engineering paradigm, postulating a moderate, controllable inflammatory reaction to be beneficial for tissue remodeling and successful regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Peshkova
- World-Class Research Center “Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare”, Sechenov University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Clinical Smart Nanotechnologies, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nastasia Kosheleva
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Clinical Smart Nanotechnologies, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- FSBSI Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasia Shpichka
- World-Class Research Center “Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare”, Sechenov University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Clinical Smart Nanotechnologies, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Stefka Radenska-Lopovok
- Institute for Clinical Morphology and Digital Pathology, Sechenov University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry Telyshev
- Institute of Biomedical Systems, National Research University of Electronic Technology, 124498 Moscow, Russia
- Institute of Bionic Technologies and Engineering, Sechenov University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey Lychagin
- Laboratory of Clinical Smart Nanotechnologies, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Traumatology, Orthopedics and Disaster Surgery, Sechenov University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Fangzhou Li
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Peter Timashev
- World-Class Research Center “Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare”, Sechenov University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Clinical Smart Nanotechnologies, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Xing-Jie Liang
- Laboratory of Clinical Smart Nanotechnologies, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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22
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Filali S, Darragi-Raies N, Ben-Trad L, Piednoir A, Hong SS, Pirot F, Landoulsi A, Girard-Egrot A, Granjon T, Maniti O, Miossec P, Trunfio-Sfarghiu AM. Morphological and Mechanical Characterization of Extracellular Vesicles and Parent Human Synoviocytes under Physiological and Inflammatory Conditions. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13201. [PMID: 36361990 PMCID: PMC9654778 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The morphology of fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) issued from the synovial fluid (SF) of patients suffering from osteoarthritis (OA), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), or from healthy subjects (H), as well as the ultrastructure and mechanical properties of the FLS-secreted extracellular vesicles (EV), were analyzed by confocal microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and tribological tests. EV released under healthy conditions were constituted of several lipid bilayers surrounding a viscous inner core. This "gel-in" vesicular structure ensured high mechanical resistance of single vesicles and good tribological properties of the lubricant. RA, and to a lesser extent OA, synovial vesicles had altered morphology, corresponding to a "gel-out" situation with vesicles surrounded by a viscous gel, poor mechanical resistance, and poor lubricating qualities. When subjected to inflammatory conditions, healthy cells developed phenotypes similar to that of RA samples, which reinforces the importance of inflammatory processes in the loss of lubricating properties of SF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Filali
- Immunogenomics and Inflammation Research Unit EA 4130, Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, University of Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France
- Laboratory of Research and Development of Industrial Galenic Pharmacy and Laboratory of Tissue Biology and Therapeutic Engineering UMR-CNRS 5305, Pharmacy Department, FRIPHARM Platform, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, University of Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Nesrine Darragi-Raies
- Laboratory of Contact and Structural Mechanics, University of Lyon, CNRS, INSA Lyon, UMR5259, Villeurbanne, 69100 Lyon, France
- Laboratory of Risques Liés aux Stress Environnementaux: Lutte et Prévention, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, Université of Carthage, Zarzouna 1054, Tunisia
| | - Layth Ben-Trad
- Laboratory of Contact and Structural Mechanics, University of Lyon, CNRS, INSA Lyon, UMR5259, Villeurbanne, 69100 Lyon, France
- Laboratory of Risques Liés aux Stress Environnementaux: Lutte et Prévention, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, Université of Carthage, Zarzouna 1054, Tunisia
- Institute de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires, ICBMS, UMR 5246 CNRS, University of Lyon, 69622 Lyon, France
- Institut Multidisciplinaire de Biochimie des Lipides, 69621 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Agnès Piednoir
- ILM, UMR 5506 CNRS, University of Lyon, 69621 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Saw-See Hong
- UMR 754 UCBL-INRA-EPHE, Unit of Viral Infections and Comparative Pathology, 69366 Lyon, France
| | - Fabrice Pirot
- Laboratory of Research and Development of Industrial Galenic Pharmacy and Laboratory of Tissue Biology and Therapeutic Engineering UMR-CNRS 5305, Pharmacy Department, FRIPHARM Platform, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, University of Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Ahmed Landoulsi
- Laboratory of Risques Liés aux Stress Environnementaux: Lutte et Prévention, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, Université of Carthage, Zarzouna 1054, Tunisia
| | - Agnès Girard-Egrot
- Institute de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires, ICBMS, UMR 5246 CNRS, University of Lyon, 69622 Lyon, France
- Institut Multidisciplinaire de Biochimie des Lipides, 69621 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Thierry Granjon
- Institute de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires, ICBMS, UMR 5246 CNRS, University of Lyon, 69622 Lyon, France
- Institut Multidisciplinaire de Biochimie des Lipides, 69621 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Ofelia Maniti
- Institute de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires, ICBMS, UMR 5246 CNRS, University of Lyon, 69622 Lyon, France
- Institut Multidisciplinaire de Biochimie des Lipides, 69621 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Pierre Miossec
- Immunogenomics and Inflammation Research Unit EA 4130, Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, University of Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Ana-Maria Trunfio-Sfarghiu
- Laboratory of Contact and Structural Mechanics, University of Lyon, CNRS, INSA Lyon, UMR5259, Villeurbanne, 69100 Lyon, France
- Institut Multidisciplinaire de Biochimie des Lipides, 69621 Villeurbanne, France
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23
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Boorman S, McMaster MA, Groover E, Caldwell F. Review of glucocorticoid therapy in horses: Intra‐articular corticosteroids. EQUINE VET EDUC 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/eve.13719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Boorman
- College of Veterinary Medicine Auburn University Auburn Alabama USA
| | - Mattie A. McMaster
- College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences University of Glasgow Glasgow UK
| | - Erin Groover
- College of Veterinary Medicine Auburn University Auburn Alabama USA
| | - Fred Caldwell
- College of Veterinary Medicine Auburn University Auburn Alabama USA
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Cao M, Ong MTY, Yung PSH, Tuan RS, Jiang Y. Role of synovial lymphatic function in osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2022; 30:1186-1197. [PMID: 35487439 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2022.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoarthritis (OA) affects the entire joint, initially with a low degree of inflammation. Synovitis is correlated with the severity of OA clinical symptoms and cartilage degradation. The synovial lymphatic system (SLS) plays a prominent role in clearing macromolecules within the joint, including the pro-inflammatory cytokines in arthritic status. Scattered evidence shows that impaired SLS drainage function leads to the accumulation of inflammatory factors in the joint and aggravates the progression of OA, and the role of SLS function in OA is less studied. DESIGN This review summarizes the current understanding of synovial lymphatic function in OA progression and potential regulatory pathways and aims to provide a framework of knowledge for the development of OA treatments targeting lymphatic structure and functions. RESULTS SLS locates in the subintima layer of the synovium and consists of lymphatic capillaries and lymphatic collecting vessels. Vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C) is the most critical regulating factor of lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) and SLS. Nitric oxide production-induced impairment of lymphatic muscle cells (LMCs) and contractile function may attribute to drainage dysfunction. Preclinical evidence suggests that promoting lymphatic drainage may help restore intra-articular homeostasis to attenuate the progression of OA. CONCLUSION SLS is actively involved in the homeostatic maintenance of the joint. Understanding the drainage function of the SLS at different stages of OA development is essential for further design of therapies targeting the function of these vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Cao
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - M T Y Ong
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - P S H Yung
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - R S Tuan
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Y Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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25
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Petta D, D'Amora U, D'Arrigo D, Tomasini M, Candrian C, Ambrosio L, Moretti M. Musculoskeletal tissues-on-a-chip: role of natural polymers in reproducing tissue-specific microenvironments. Biofabrication 2022; 14. [PMID: 35931043 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ac8767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Over the past years, 3D in vitro models have been widely employed in the regenerative medicine field. Among them, organ-on-a-chip technology has the potential to elucidate cellular mechanism exploiting multichannel microfluidic devices to establish 3D co-culture systems that offer control over the cellular, physico-chemical and biochemical microenvironments. To deliver the most relevant cues to cells, it is of paramount importance to select the most appropriate matrix for mimicking the extracellular matrix of the native tissue. Natural polymers-based hydrogels are the elected candidates for reproducing tissue-specific microenvironments in musculoskeletal tissue-on-a-chip models owning to their interesting and peculiar physico-chemical, mechanical and biological properties. Despite these advantages, there is still a gap between the biomaterials complexity in conventional tissue engineering and the application of these biomaterials in 3D in vitro microfluidic models. In this review, the aim is to suggest the adoption of more suitable biomaterials, alternative crosslinking strategies and tissue engineered-inspired approaches in organ-on-a-chip to better mimic the complexity of physiological musculoskeletal tissues. Accordingly, after giving an overview of the musculoskeletal tissue compositions, the properties of the main natural polymers employed in microfluidic systems are investigated, together with the main musculoskeletal tissues-on-a-chip devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalila Petta
- Regenerative Medicine Technologis Lab, Repubblica e Cantone Ticino Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Via Francesco Chiesa 5, Bellinzona, Ticino, 6500, SWITZERLAND
| | - Ugo D'Amora
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council, V.le J.F. Kennedy 54 Mostra d'Oltremare Pad 20, Naples, 80125, ITALY
| | - Daniele D'Arrigo
- Repubblica e Cantone Ticino Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Via Francesco Chiesa 5, Bellinzona, Ticino, 6500, SWITZERLAND
| | - Marta Tomasini
- Repubblica e Cantone Ticino Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Via Francesco chies 5, Bellinzona, Ticino, 6500, SWITZERLAND
| | - Christian Candrian
- Unità di Traumatologia e Ortopedia, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, via Tesserete 46, Lugano, 6900, SWITZERLAND
| | - Luigi Ambrosio
- Institute of Polymers Composites and Biomaterials National Research Council, Viale Kennedy, Pozzuoli, Campania, 80078, ITALY
| | - Matteo Moretti
- Regenerative Medicine Technologies Laboratory, Repubblica e Cantone Ticino Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Via Francesco Chiesa 5, Bellinzona, Ticino, 6500, SWITZERLAND
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Siefen T, Bjerregaard S, Borglin C, Lamprecht A. Assessment of joint pharmacokinetics and consequences for the intraarticular delivery of biologics. J Control Release 2022; 348:745-759. [PMID: 35714731 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Intraarticular (IA) injections provide the opportunity to deliver biologics directly to their site of action for a local and efficient treatment of osteoarthritis. However, the synovial joint is a challenging site of administration since the drug is rapidly eliminated across the synovial membrane and has limited distribution into cartilage, resulting in unsatisfactory therapeutic efficacy. In order to rationally develop appropriate drug delivery systems, it is essential to thoroughly understand the unique biopharmaceutical environments and kinetics in the joint to adequately simulate them in relevant experimental models. This review presents a detailed view on articular kinetics and drug-tissue interplay of IA administered drugs and summarizes how these can be translated into reasonable formulation strategies by identification of key factors through which the joint residence time can be prolonged and specific structures can be targeted. In this way, pros and cons of the delivery approaches for biologics will be evaluated and the extent to which biorelevant models are applicable to gain mechanistic insights and ameliorate formulation design is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Siefen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | | | - Alf Lamprecht
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; PEPITE (EA4267), University of Burgundy/Franche-Comté, Besançon, France.
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27
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Tofacitinib May Inhibit Myofibroblast Differentiation from Rheumatoid-Fibroblast-like Synoviocytes Induced by TGF-β and IL-6. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15050622. [PMID: 35631449 PMCID: PMC9147406 DOI: 10.3390/ph15050622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
During rheumatoid arthritis (RA), the pathogenic role of resident cells within the synovial membrane is suggested, especially for a population frequently referred to as fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs). In this study, we assess the markers of myofibroblast differentiation of RA-FLSs by ex vivo observations and in vitro evaluations following the stimulation with both TGF-β and IL-6. Furthermore, we investigated the possible inhibiting role of tofacitinib, a JAK inhibitor, in this context. Myofibroblast differentiation markers were evaluated on RA synovial tissues by immune-fluorescence or immune-histochemistry. RA-FLSs, stimulated with transforming growth factor (TGF-β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) with/without tofacitinib, were assessed for myofibroblast differentiation markers expression by qRT-PCR and Western blot. The same markers were evaluated following JAK-1 silencing by siRNA assay. The presence of myofibroblast differentiation markers in RA synovial tissue was significantly higher than healthy controls. Ex vivo, α-SMA was increased, whereas E-Cadherin decreased. In vitro, TGF-β and IL-6 stimulation of RA-FLSs promoted a significant increased mRNA expression of collagen I and α-SMA, whereas E-Cadherin mRNA expression was decreased. In the same conditions, the stimulation with tofacitinib significantly reduced the mRNA expression of collagen I and α-SMA, even if the Western blot did not confirm this finding. JAK-1 gene silencing did not fully prevent the effects of stimulation with TGF-β and IL-6 on these features. TGF-β and IL-6 stimulation may play a role in mediating myofibroblast differentiation from RA-FLSs, promoting collagen I and α-SMA while decreasing E-Cadherin. Following the same stimulation, tofacitinib reduced the increases of both collagen I and α-SMA on RA-FLSs, although further studies are needed to fully evaluate this issue and confirm our results.
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28
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Kalebota N, Salai G, Peric P, Hrkac S, Novak R, Durmis KK, Grgurevic L. ADAMTS-4 as a possible distinguishing indicator between osteoarthritis and haemophilic arthropathy. Haemophilia 2022; 28:656-662. [PMID: 35536550 PMCID: PMC9544250 DOI: 10.1111/hae.14569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Osteoarthritis (OA) and haemophilic arthropathy (HA) are clinically similar, but pathologically distinct conditions which result in joint pain and loss of function. Distinguishing their disease mechanisms is therefore a key step in the development of curative therapy, as opposed to current symptomatic treatments. A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTS) 4 is a metzincin‐family member proteoglycan with known local involvement in OA pathogenesis. Aim To investigate the potential differences and discriminatory potential of ADAMTS‐4 between OA and HA patients. Methods We determined ADAMTS‐4 plasma concentrations by ELISA in patients with HA and OA. This pilot cross‐sectional study included N = 40 male participants equally divided across four subgroups: haemophilia patients with severe or mild HA and control subjects with severe or mild/no OA. Results Our study showed a striking elevation in plasma ADAMTS‐4 expression levels in HA patients as compared to OA, as well as an increase in patients with severe as compared to mild HA. By performing the binomial logistical analysis and fitting the receiver–operator curve (ROC) (cut‐off probability .5), ADAMTS‐4 had a sensitivity of 95% and specificity of 50% in discriminating between HA and OA among our study participants. Conclusion Uncovering the marked differences in plasma levels of ADAMTS‐4 in patients with HA versus OA potentially sheds new light on the mechanisms of HA pathogenesis and could foster more research into the roles ADAMTS‐4 and other matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play in HA versus OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasa Kalebota
- Clinic for Rheumatic Diseases and Rehabilitation, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Grgur Salai
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.,Teaching Institute of Emergency Medicine of the City of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Porin Peric
- Clinic for Rheumatic Diseases and Rehabilitation, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.,School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Stela Hrkac
- Center for Translational and Clinical Research, Department of Proteomics, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.,Department of Emergency Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Rudjer Novak
- Center for Translational and Clinical Research, Department of Proteomics, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Kristina Kovac Durmis
- Clinic for Rheumatic Diseases and Rehabilitation, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Lovorka Grgurevic
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.,Center for Translational and Clinical Research, Department of Proteomics, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
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29
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Riechelmann F, Hackl W, Schmitz K, Henninger B, Keiler A. Primäre synoviale Chondromatose. ARTHROSKOPIE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00142-022-00536-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die primäre synoviale Chondromatose (SC) ist eine seltene Erkrankung der Synovialmembran unklarer Ätiologie. Der aktuelle Wissensstand zu dieser Erkrankung soll in einer kurzen Übersicht dargestellt werden.
Methoden
Übersichtsarbeiten und rezente Fallberichte zur SC wurden systematisch ausgewertet und mit Daten eigener Fälle in Kontext gesetzt.
Ergebnisse
Auf Grund neuer genomischer Daten wird die SC als benigne Neoplasie eingestuft. In 60 % der Fälle liegen Mutationen im Fibronektin-1-Gen (FN1) und/oder im Gen für den Activin-A-Typ-II-Rezeptor (ACVR2A) vor. Diagnoseweisend ist die Magnetresonanztomographie (MRT) und die meist arthroskopische Biopsie der Synovia. An einem Fallbeispiel soll gezeigt werden, dass die Knorpelaggregate der SC radiologisch nicht immer schattengebend sein müssen. Differenzialdiagnostisch kommen Monarthritiden anderer Ursachen, andere Gelenk- und Muskelerkrankungen mit Mineralisierung sowie weitere von der Synovialmembran ausgehende Erkrankungen in Betracht. Die Entartungsrate liegt bei 2–4 %. Therapeutisch hat sich in den letzten Jahren das arthroskopische Vorgehen durchgesetzt, das an die Ausdehnung der Erkrankung adaptiert wird.
Schlussfolgerung
Genomische Untersuchungen sowie Fallserien und Fallberichte aus jüngerer Zeit werfen ein neues Licht auf die SC. Therapeutisch wird in jüngeren Arbeiten überwiegend arthroskopisch vorgegangen.
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30
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Li Y, Zhou Y, Wang Y, Crawford R, Xiao Y. Synovial macrophages in cartilage destruction and regeneration-lessons learnt from osteoarthritis and synovial chondromatosis. Biomed Mater 2021; 17. [PMID: 34823229 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ac3d74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation is a critical process in disease pathogenesis and the restoration of tissue structure and function, for example, in joints such as the knee and temporomandibular. Within the innate immunity process, the body's first defense response in joints when physical and chemical barriers are breached is the synovial macrophages, the main innate immune effector cells, which are responsible for triggering the initial inflammatory reaction. Macrophage is broadly divided into three phenotypes of resting M0, pro-inflammatory M1-like (referred to below as M1), and anti-inflammatory M2-like (referred to below as M2). The synovial macrophage M1-to-M2 transition can affect the chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in joints. On the other hand, MSCs can also influence the transition between M1 and M2. Failure of the chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs can result in persistent cartilage destruction leading to osteoarthritis. However, excessive chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs may cause distorted cartilage formation in the synovium, which is evidenced in the case of synovial chondromatosis. This review summarizes the role of macrophage polarization in the process of both cartilage destruction and regeneration, and postulates that the transition of macrophage phenotype in an inflammatory joint environment may play a key role in determining the fate of joint cartilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Li
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST), Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education (KLOBM), School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.,The Australia-China Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (ACCTERM), Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Yinghong Zhou
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia.,The Australia-China Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (ACCTERM), Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Yifan Wang
- Advanced Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China.,The Australia-China Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (ACCTERM), Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Ross Crawford
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia.,The Australia-China Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (ACCTERM), Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Yin Xiao
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia.,The Australia-China Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (ACCTERM), Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
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31
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Fang W, Sun Z, Chen X, Han B, Vangsness CT. Synovial Fluid Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Knee Arthritis and Cartilage Defects: A Review of the Literature. J Knee Surg 2021; 34:1476-1485. [PMID: 32403148 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1710366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells that have the ability to self-renew and differentiate into several cell lineages including adipocytes, chondrocytes, tenocytes, bones, and myoblasts. These properties make the cell a promising candidate for regenerative medicine applications, especially when dealing with sports injuries in the knee. MSCs can be isolated from almost every type of adult tissue. However, most of the current research focuses on MSCs derived from bone marrow, adipose, and placenta derived products. Synovial fluid-derived MSCs (SF-MSCs) are relatively overlooked but have demonstrated promising therapeutic properties including possessing higher chondrogenic proliferation capabilities than other types of MSCs. Interestingly, SF-MSC population has shown to increase exponentially in patients with joint injury or disease, pointing to a potential use as a biomarker or as a treatment of some orthopaedic disorders. In this review, we go over the current literature on synovial fluid-derived MSCs including the characterization, the animal studies, and discuss future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Fang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - ZhiTao Sun
- Department of Medicine, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Bo Han
- Department of Surgery, USC Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California
| | - C Thomas Vangsness
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
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32
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Derwich M, Mitus-Kenig M, Pawlowska E. Mechanisms of Action and Efficacy of Hyaluronic Acid, Corticosteroids and Platelet-Rich Plasma in the Treatment of Temporomandibular Joint Osteoarthritis-A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147405. [PMID: 34299024 PMCID: PMC8308010 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ OA) is a low-inflammatory disorder with multifactorial etiology. The aim of this review was to present the current state of knowledge regarding the mechanisms of action and the efficacy of hyaluronic acid (HA), corticosteroids (CS) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in the treatment of TMJ OA.: The PubMed database was analyzed with the keywords: "(temporomandibular joint) AND ((osteoarthritis) OR (dysfunction) OR (disorders) OR (pain)) AND ((treatment) OR (arthrocentesis) OR (arthroscopy) OR (injection)) AND ((hyaluronic acid) OR (corticosteroid) OR (platelet rich plasma))". After screening of 363 results, 16 studies were included in this review. Arthrocentesis alone effectively reduces pain and improves jaw function in patients diagnosed with TMJ OA. Additional injections of HA, either low-molecular-weight (LMW) HA or high-molecular-weight (HMW) HA, or CS at the end of the arthrocentesis do not improve the final clinical outcomes. CS present several negative effects on the articular cartilage. Results related to additional PRP injections are not consistent and are rather questionable. Further studies should be multicenter, based on a larger group of patients and should answer the question of whether other methods of TMJ OA treatment are more beneficial for the patients than simple arthrocentesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Derwich
- ORTODENT, Specialist Orthodontic Private Practice in Grudziadz, 86-300 Grudziadz, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-660-723-164
| | - Maria Mitus-Kenig
- Department of Experimental Dentistry and Prophylaxis, Medical College, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, 31-008 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Elzbieta Pawlowska
- Department of Orthodontics, Medical University of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland;
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33
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Roth SP, Brehm W, Troillet A. [Cell-based therapeutic strategies for osteoarthritis in equine patients - Basic knowledge for clinical practitioners]. Tierarztl Prax Ausg G Grosstiere Nutztiere 2021; 49:189-202. [PMID: 34157748 DOI: 10.1055/a-1482-7752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Cell-based therapies for the treatment of osteoarthritis in equine patients experienced a real boom within the last few years. In every day medical practice, attending veterinary surgeons extract patient's blood or other autologous tissue samples and process the material for the purpose of administering the resulting product to the same patient under their own responsibility. Although being consistently classified as treatment option within the framework of regenerative medicine, the manufacturing processes, ingredients, and mechanisms of action remain highly diverse among cell-based therapies. Thus, sound knowledge about the latter ones forms the basis for therapeutic decision-making and best possible treatment regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne P Roth
- Klinik für Pferde, Veterinärmedizinische Fakultät, Universität Leipzig.,Sächsischer Inkubator für Klinische Translation, Universität Leipzig
| | - Walter Brehm
- Klinik für Pferde, Veterinärmedizinische Fakultät, Universität Leipzig.,Sächsischer Inkubator für Klinische Translation, Universität Leipzig
| | - Antonia Troillet
- Klinik für Pferde, Veterinärmedizinische Fakultät, Universität Leipzig.,Sächsischer Inkubator für Klinische Translation, Universität Leipzig
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34
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Maglaviceanu A, Wu B, Kapoor M. Fibroblast-like synoviocytes: Role in synovial fibrosis associated with osteoarthritis. Wound Repair Regen 2021; 29:642-649. [PMID: 34021514 DOI: 10.1111/wrr.12939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The synovial membrane undergoes a variety of structural changes throughout the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA), including the development of fibrosis. Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) are a heterogenous cell population of the synovium that are suggested to drive the fibrotic response, but the exact mechanisms associated with their activation in OA remain unclear. Once activated, FLS are suggested to acquire a myofibroblast-like phenotype that drives fibrogenesis through excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) component deposition and an enhanced contractile function. In this review, we define FLS in the synovium, discuss how select extracellular or endogenous factors potentially induce their activation in OA, and describe how the activity of myofibroblast-like cells affects the structure of the synovial membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anca Maglaviceanu
- Osteoarthritis Research Program, Division of Orthopaedics, Schroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brian Wu
- Osteoarthritis Research Program, Division of Orthopaedics, Schroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mohit Kapoor
- Osteoarthritis Research Program, Division of Orthopaedics, Schroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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35
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Della Tommasa S, Winter K, Seeger J, Spitzbarth I, Brehm W, Troillet A. Evaluation of Villus Synovium From Unaffected Metacarpophalangeal Joints of Adult and Juvenile Horses. J Equine Vet Sci 2021; 102:103637. [PMID: 34119205 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2021.103637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Horses are a widely accepted model for osteoarthritis (OA) research. Synovial tissue sampling is commonly used in studies to evaluate and grade the progress of OA or to assess treatment effects. Synovial explants play an important role in ex-vivo studies, increasingly replacing the use of living animals. To understand histomorphological changes in the process of joint-related diseases such as OA, detailed information about histomorphometric parameters of unaffected synovial villi is necessary. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the mean width of the intimal synovial lining and its cellularity as well as the vascularization of the subintimal layer in juvenile and adult horses not affected by a joint-related disease. One hundred synovial samples from both metacarpophalangeal joints from 25 horses (one day to 24 years old) were collected to evaluate the following parameters on digitalized hematoxylin-eosin stained samples: Width of intimal synovial lining measured by the distance from the inner joint surface to the subintimal layer; density of the cells making up the intimal synovial lining by counting cell nuclei; vascularization of the subintimal layer measured by the number and size of vessels in relation to the subintimal area. The median width of the intimal lining did not differ among juvenile (22.34 µm) and adult (23.34 µm) horses. The cellularity of the intimal lining was significantly lower in juvenile (one cell/143.8 µm2) than in adult (one cell /188.7µm2), (P < .001) horses as well as the density of blood vessels per mm2 within the subintimal layer (juveniles 1/mm2 vs. adults 0.05/mm2), (P < .001). This study provides morphometric data regarding synovial intimal width, intimal cellularity, and vascularization of equine synovial villi of unaffected horses. For future studies, age-related characteristics should be taken into consideration when synovial tissue samples are used for in-vivo and in-vitro studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Della Tommasa
- Deparment for horses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Karsten Winter
- Institute of Anatomy, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Johannes Seeger
- Institute of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ingo Spitzbarth
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Walter Brehm
- Deparment for horses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Antonia Troillet
- Deparment for horses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
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36
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Agnihotri P, Monu, Ramani S, Chakraborty D, Saquib M, Biswas S. Differential Metabolome in Rheumatoid Arthritis: a Brief Perspective. Curr Rheumatol Rep 2021; 23:42. [PMID: 33913028 DOI: 10.1007/s11926-021-00989-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune, inflammatory disease of the synovium that affects the movable joints. It develops due to the infiltration and invasion of the synovial joints by immune cells. Metabolism is anabolic or catabolic chemical reactions occurring in a cell. The biochemical pathways in synovial and immune cells are altered affecting the downstream metabolite formation. Changes in the metabolite levels alter signaling cascades which further intensify the disease. Despite current knowledge of metabolomics, there remain certain features that need to be elucidated to correlate the differential metabolite levels with RA. RECENT FINDINGS Metabolite profiling can be used to find altered patterns of metabolites in RA. Glucose, lipid, amino acid, and estrogen metabolism are the key pathways that are altered and contribute to the aggravation of RA. The altered metabolic pathways involved in different cells in RA results in complex interactions between metabolites and biomacromolecules; thus, it generates autoantigens. Moreover, understanding the correlation between differential metabolites and disease severity might help reveal potential new biomarkers and therapeutic targets for RA pathogenesis. So, considering the multi-faceted role of altered metabolites in the pathogenesis of RA, metabolic pathways of different cells are needed to be studied for a better understanding of their functions in the disease and thus, improving the present therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prachi Agnihotri
- Council of Industrial Research (CSIR)-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mall Road, Delhi University Campus, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Monu
- Council of Industrial Research (CSIR)-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mall Road, Delhi University Campus, Delhi, 110007, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Sheetal Ramani
- Council of Industrial Research (CSIR)-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mall Road, Delhi University Campus, Delhi, 110007, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Debolina Chakraborty
- Council of Industrial Research (CSIR)-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mall Road, Delhi University Campus, Delhi, 110007, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Mohd Saquib
- Council of Industrial Research (CSIR)-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mall Road, Delhi University Campus, Delhi, 110007, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Sagarika Biswas
- Council of Industrial Research (CSIR)-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mall Road, Delhi University Campus, Delhi, 110007, India.
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37
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Serra Aguado CI, Ramos-Plá JJ, Soler C, Segarra S, Moratalla V, Redondo JI. Effects of Oral Hyaluronic Acid Administration in Dogs Following Tibial Tuberosity Advancement Surgery for Cranial Cruciate Ligament Injury. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:1264. [PMID: 33925642 PMCID: PMC8146498 DOI: 10.3390/ani11051264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA) intraarticular injection is used in the management of osteoarthritis in veterinary medicine. However, HA oral administration is less common given the scarce currently available scientific evidence. This study was aimed at evaluating the effects of oral HA administration on synovial fluid concentrations of several selected biomarkers in dogs with cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) injury operated on using the tibial tuberosity advancement (TTA) technique. Fifty-five dogs were included in this prospective, randomized, double-blind, clinical study; they were randomly assigned to receive either a placebo (group A; n = 25) or HA (group B; n = 30) orally for 10 weeks. Synovial fluid samples were obtained before surgery, and at 10 weeks postoperatively to measure concentrations of HA, haptoglobin, nitric oxide, and paraoxonase-1. After 10 weeks, group HA showed a significant increase in HA concentration (p = 0.0016) and a significant decrease in PON-1 concentration (p = 0.011) compared to baseline. In conclusion, post-op oral HA administration in canine patients with CCL injury leads to improvements in osteoarthritis biomarkers, namely higher synovial fluid HA concentrations and reduced synovial fluid paraoxonase-1 concentrations. These findings support the bioavailability of orally-administered HA and its usefulness in improving biomarkers of osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Iván Serra Aguado
- Hospital Veterinario UCV, Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía, Facultad de Veterinaria y Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir, 46018 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Juan José Ramos-Plá
- Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, 46115 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Carme Soler
- Hospital Veterinario UCV, Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía, Facultad de Veterinaria y Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir, 46018 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Sergi Segarra
- R&D Bioiberica S.A.U., 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain;
| | | | - José Ignacio Redondo
- Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, 46115 Valencia, Spain;
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38
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Siefen T, Lokhnauth J, Liang A, Larsen CC, Lamprecht A. An ex-vivo model for transsynovial drug permeation of intraarticular injectables in naive and arthritic synovium. J Control Release 2021; 332:581-591. [PMID: 33705826 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Estimation of joint residence time of a drug is a key requirement for rational development of intraarticular therapeutics. There is a great need for a predictive model to reduce the high number of animal experiments in early stage development. Here, a Franz-cell based porcine ex-vivo permeation model is proposed, and transsynovial permeation of fluorescently-labeled dextrans in the range of potential drug candidates (10-150 kDa), as well as a small molecule (fluorescein sodium) and charged dextran derivates, have been determined. In addition, a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) -induced synovitis model was assessed for inflammatory biomarker levels and its effect on permeation of the solutes. Size-dependent permeability was observed for the analytes, which distinctly differed from findings with an artificial polycarbonate membrane, which is a widely used model. LPS was found to successfully stimulate an inflammatory response and led to a reduced size selectivity of the synovial membrane. 150 kDa dextran flux was accelerated approximately 2.5-fold in the inflamed state, whereas the permeation of smaller molecules was little affected. Moreover, by varying the LPS concentrations, the ex-vivo model was shown to produce varying degrees of synovitis-like inflammation. A simple and highly relevant ex-vivo tool for investigation of transsynovial permeation was developed, offering the further advantage of mimicking synovitis-induced permeability changes. Thus, this model provides a promising method for formulation screening, while reducing the need for animal experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Siefen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Alfred Liang
- Ferring Pharmaceuticals Inc, Parsippany, NJ, USA
| | | | - Alf Lamprecht
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; PEPITE (EA4267), University of Burgundy/Franche-Comté, Besançon, France.
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39
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Lyons LP, Weinberg JB, Wittstein JR, McNulty AL. Blood in the joint: effects of hemarthrosis on meniscus health and repair techniques. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2021; 29:471-479. [PMID: 33307179 PMCID: PMC8051641 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2020.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Injury to the meniscus is common and frequently leads to the development of post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA). Many times meniscus injuries occur coincident with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries and lead to a bloody joint effusion. Hemarthrosis, or bleeding into the joint, has been implicated in degeneration of joint tissues. The goal of this review paper is to understand the pathophysiology of blood-induced joint damage, the possible effects of blood on meniscus tissue, and the implications for current meniscus repair techniques that involve the introduction of blood-derived products into the joint. In this review, we illustrate the similarities in the pathophysiology of joint damage due to hemophilic arthropathy (HA) and osteoarthritis (OA). Although numerous studies have revealed the harmful effects of blood on cartilage and synovium, there is currently a gap in knowledge regarding the effects of hemarthrosis on meniscus tissue homeostasis, healing, and the development of PTOA following meniscus injury. Given that many meniscus repair techniques utilize blood-derived and marrow-derived products, it is essential to understand the effects of these factors on meniscus tissue and the whole joint organ to develop improved strategies to promote meniscus tissue repair and prevent PTOA development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas P. Lyons
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University School
of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - J. Brice Weinberg
- Department of Medicine, VA Medical Center, Durham, NC,Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine,
Durham, NC
| | - Jocelyn R. Wittstein
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University School
of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Amy L. McNulty
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University School
of Medicine, Durham, NC,Department of Pathology, Duke University School of
Medicine, Durham, NC
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Feltham T, Paudel S, Lobao M, Schon L, Zhang Z. Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound Suppresses Synovial Macrophage Infiltration and Inflammation in Injured Knees in Rats. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2021; 47:1045-1053. [PMID: 33423862 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2020.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate how low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) suppresses traumatic joint inflammation and thereafter affects the progression of posttraumatic osteoarthritis. Intra-articular fracture (IAF) was created in the right knee of rats. LIPUS was applied to the knees with IAFs for 20 min/d for 2 wk-LIPUS(+) group. The study controls included rats that underwent sham surgery but no LIPUS treatment (control group) or underwent IAF surgery without LIPUS treatment-LIPUS(-) group. By histology, at 4 wk, leukocyte infiltration in the synovium was reduced in the LIPUS(+) group. Furthermore, LIPUS treatment reduced CD68+ macrophages in the synovium and limited their distribution mostly in the subintimal synovium. Measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in the joint fluid of the LIPUS(+) group was reduced to about one-third that in the LIPUS(-) group. By reducing synovial macrophages and lowering IL-1β in the joint fluid, LIPUS is potentially therapeutic for posttraumatic osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler Feltham
- Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine-Georgia, Suwanee, Georgia, USA
| | - Sharada Paudel
- Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Mario Lobao
- Columbia Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Lew Schon
- Institute for Foot & Ankle Reconstruction, Mercy Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Zijun Zhang
- Center for Orthopaedic Innovation, Mercy Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
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Kuroki K, Williams N, Cook JL. Histologic evidence for a humoral immune response in synovitis associated with cranial cruciate ligament disease in dogs. Vet Surg 2021; 50:1032-1041. [PMID: 33769592 DOI: 10.1111/vsu.13600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate histopathological features of synovium from dogs with cranial cruciate ligament disease (CCLD) to seek mechanisms of osteoarthritis (OA) associated with CCLD. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective, single-institution case series. ANIMALS Thirty client-owned dogs. METHODS Synovial biopsies (n = 30) obtained from stifles with CCLD were assessed by using two synovitis histopathology grading systems (Krenn and Hospital for Special Surgery [HSS]). The Krenn synovitis score was interpreted as "no synovitis," "low-grade," or "high-grade," while inflammatory subtype (low, mixed, or high) was determined by a computational algorithm within the HSS system. Comparison of synovitis scores was based on degree of CCL rupture and presence of meniscal tears. RESULTS Histopathological changes and synovitis scores were similar regardless of degree of rupture (partial n = 5, complete n = 25) or presence of meniscal injury (n = 12) and were characterized by hyperplastic and lymphoplasmacytic synovitis with increased vascularity (30/30) and the presence of hemosiderin deposits (28/30), binucleated plasma cells (28/30), mucoid change (25/30), and Mott cells (16/30). Thirteen (43%) specimens were consistent with high-grade synovitis according to the Krenn system, while 11 (37%) specimens fit into the high-inflammatory subtype with the HSS system. CONCLUSION Synovitis associated with canine CCLD in this study population was lymphoplasmacytic and was often highly inflammatory, with the presence of cells pertaining to humoral immunity. Humoral immune responses may play key roles in the synovitis associated with CCLD. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Modulation of biological factors that provoke humoral immune responses may mitigate symptoms of OA that persist and progress even after surgical treatment of CCLD in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichi Kuroki
- Thompson Laboratory for Regenerative Orthopaedics, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA.,Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Veterinary Medical Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Ned Williams
- Eastern Carolina Veterinary Referral, Wilmington, North Carolina, USA
| | - James L Cook
- Thompson Laboratory for Regenerative Orthopaedics, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA.,Missouri Orthopaedic Institute, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
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A Closer Look at the Cellular and Molecular Components of the Deep/Muscular Fasciae. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031411. [PMID: 33573365 PMCID: PMC7866861 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The fascia can be defined as a dynamic highly complex connective tissue network composed of different types of cells embedded in the extracellular matrix and nervous fibers: each component plays a specific role in the fascial system changing and responding to stimuli in different ways. This review intends to discuss the various components of the fascia and their specific roles; this will be carried out in the effort to shed light on the mechanisms by which they affect the entire network and all body systems. A clear understanding of fascial anatomy from a microscopic viewpoint can further elucidate its physiological and pathological characteristics and facilitate the identification of appropriate treatment strategies.
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Imere A, Ligorio C, O'Brien M, Wong JKF, Domingos M, Cartmell SH. Engineering a cell-hydrogel-fibre composite to mimic the structure and function of the tendon synovial sheath. Acta Biomater 2021; 119:140-154. [PMID: 33189954 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The repair of tendon injuries is often compromised by post-operative peritendinous adhesions. Placing a physical barrier at the interface between the tendon and the surrounding tissue could potentially solve this problem by reducing adhesion formation. At present, no such system is available for routine use in clinical practice. Here, we propose the development of a bilayer membrane combining a nanofibrous poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) electrospun mesh with a layer of self-assembling peptide hydrogel (SAPH) laden with type-B synoviocytes. This bilayer membrane would act as an anti-adhesion system capable of restoring tendon lubrication, while assisting with synovial sheath regeneration. The PCL mesh showed adequate mechanical properties (Young's modulus=19±4 MPa, ultimate tensile stress=9.6±1.7 MPa, failure load=0.5±0.1 N), indicating that the membrane is easy to handle and capable to withstand the frictional forces generated on the tendon's surface during movement (~0.3 N). Morphological analysis confirmed the generation of a mesh with nanosized PCL fibres and small pores (< 3 μm), which prevented fibroblast infiltration to impede extrinsic healing but still allowing diffusion of nutrients and waste. Rheological tests showed that incorporation of SAPH layer allows good lubrication properties when the membrane is articulated against porcine tendon or hypodermis, suggesting that restoration of tendon gliding is possible upon implantation. Moreover, viability and metabolic activity tests indicated that the SAPH was conducive to rabbit synoviocyte growth and proliferation over 28 days of 3D culture, sustaining cell production of specific matrix components, particularly hyaluronic acid. Synoviocyte-laden peptide hydrogel promoted a sustained endogenous production of hyaluronic acid, providing an anti-friction layer that potentially restores the tendon gliding environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Imere
- Department of Materials, School of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.; The Henry Royce Institute, Royce Hub Building, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Cosimo Ligorio
- Department of Materials, School of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.; Manchester Institute of Biotechnology (MIB), The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Marie O'Brien
- Department of Materials, School of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.; The Henry Royce Institute, Royce Hub Building, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Jason K F Wong
- Blond McIndoe Laboratories, Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.; Department of Plastic Surgery & Burns, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Marco Domingos
- The Henry Royce Institute, Royce Hub Building, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.; Department of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering, School of Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Sarah H Cartmell
- Department of Materials, School of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.; The Henry Royce Institute, Royce Hub Building, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK..
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Abstract
As our understanding of hip function and disease improves, it is evident that the acetabular fossa has received little attention, despite it comprising over half of the acetabulum’s surface area and showing the first signs of degeneration. The fossa’s function is expected to be more than augmenting static stability with the ligamentum teres and being a templating landmark in arthroplasty. Indeed, the fossa, which is almost mature at 16 weeks of intrauterine development, plays a key role in hip development, enabling its nutrition through vascularization and synovial fluid, as well as the influx of chondrogenic stem/progenitor cells that build articular cartilage. The pulvinar, a fibrofatty tissue in the fossa, has the same developmental origin as the synovium and articular cartilage and is a biologically active area. Its unique anatomy allows for homogeneous distribution of the axial loads into the joint. It is composed of intra-articular adipose tissue (IAAT), which has adipocytes, fibroblasts, leucocytes, and abundant mast cells, which participate in the inflammatory cascade after an insult to the joint. Hence, the fossa and pulvinar should be considered in decision-making and surgical outcomes in hip preservation surgery, not only for their size, shape, and extent, but also for their biological capacity as a source of cytokines, immune cells, and chondrogenic stem cells. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2020;9(12):857–869.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo A Slullitel
- 'Sir John Charnley' Hip Surgery Unit, Institute of Orthopaedics 'Carlos E. Ottolenghi', Italian Hospital of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daniel Coutu
- Regenerative Medicine Program, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Martin A Buttaro
- 'Sir John Charnley' Hip Surgery Unit, Institute of Orthopaedics 'Carlos E. Ottolenghi', Italian Hospital of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Paul Edgar Beaule
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Canada
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Cooper TK, Logue J, Liu DX, Perry DL, Hart RJ, Hischak AMW, Bernbaum JG, Gerhardt DM, Rojas O, Bohannon JK, Hagen KR, Johnson RF, Crozier I, Jahrling PB, Hensley LE, Bennett RS. Filoviruses Infect Rhesus Macaque Synoviocytes in Vivo and Primary Human Synoviocytes in Vitro. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2020; 190:1867-1880. [PMID: 32479821 PMCID: PMC7456742 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2020.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The most commonly reported symptom of post-Ebola virus disease syndrome in survivors is arthralgia, yet involvement of the joints in acute or convalescent Ebola virus infection is not well characterized in human patients or animal models. Through immunohistochemistry, we found that the lining synovial intima of the stifle (knee) is a target for acute infection by Ebola virus/Kikwit, Ebola virus/Makona-C05, and Marburg virus/Angola in the rhesus macaque model. Furthermore, histologic analysis, immunohistochemistry, RNAscope in situ hybridization, and transmission electron microscopy showed that synoviocytes of the stifle, shoulder, and hip are a target for mouse-adapted Ebola virus/Yambuku-Mayinga infection during acute disease in rhesus macaques. A time course of infection study with Ebola virus/Kikwit found that the large joint synovium became immunopositive beginning on postinfection day 6. In total, the synovium of 28 of 30 rhesus macaques with terminal filovirus disease had evidence of infection (64 of 96 joints examined). On the basis of immunofluorescence, infected cell types included CD68+ type A (macrophage-like) synoviocytes and CD44+ type B (fibroblast-like) synoviocytes. Cultured primary human fibroblast-like synoviocytes were permissive to infection with Ebola and Marburg viruses in vitro. Because synovial joints include immune privileged sites, these findings are significant for future investigations of filovirus pathogenesis and persistence as well as arthralgias in acute and convalescent filovirus disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy K Cooper
- Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland.
| | - James Logue
- Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland
| | - David X Liu
- Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Donna L Perry
- Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Randy J Hart
- Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Amanda M W Hischak
- Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland
| | - John G Bernbaum
- Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Dawn M Gerhardt
- Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Oscar Rojas
- Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland
| | - J Kyle Bohannon
- Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Katie R Hagen
- Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Reed F Johnson
- Emerging Viral Pathogens Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Ian Crozier
- Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Peter B Jahrling
- Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Lisa E Hensley
- Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland.
| | - Richard S Bennett
- Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland
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Xu B, Liu R, Ding M, Zhang J, Sun H, Liu C, Lu F, Zhao S, Pan Q, Zhang X. Interaction of Mycoplasma synoviae with chicken synovial sheath cells contributes to macrophage recruitment and inflammation. Poult Sci 2020; 99:5366-5377. [PMID: 33142453 PMCID: PMC7647830 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycoplasma synoviae (MS) is an important avian pathogen causing considerable economic hardship in the poultry industry. A major inflammation caused by MS is synovitis that occurs in the synovial tendon sheath and joint synovium. However, the overall appearance of pathological changes in the tendon sheath and surrounding tissues caused by MS infection at the level of pathological tissue sections was poor. Studies on the role of MS and synovial sheath cells (SSCs) interaction in the development of synovitis have not been carried out. Through histopathological observation, our study found that a major MS-induced pathological change of the tendon sheath synovium was extensive scattered and focal inflammatory cell infiltration of the tendon sheath synovial layer. In vitro research experiments revealed that the CFU numbers of MS adherent and invading SSC, the levels of expression of various pattern recognition receptors, inflammatory cytokines, and chemokines coding genes, such as IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, CCL-20, RANTES, MIP-1β, TLR7, and TLR15 in SSCs, and chemotaxis of macrophages were significantly increased when the multiplicity of infection (MOI) of MS to SSC were increased tenfold. The expression level of IL-12p40 in SSC was significantly higher when the MOIs of MS to SSC were increased by a factor of 100. The interaction between MS and SSC can activate macrophages, which was manifested by a significant increase in the expression of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, CCL-20, RANTES, MIP-1β, and CXCL-13. This study systematically demonstrated that the interaction of MS with chicken SSC contributes to the inflammatory response caused by the robust expression of related cytokines and macrophage chemotaxis. These findings are helpful in elucidating the molecular mechanism of MS-induced synovitis in chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China; National Center for Engineering Research of Veterinary Bio-Products, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China; National Center for Engineering Research of Veterinary Bio-Products, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Meijuan Ding
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China; National Center for Engineering Research of Veterinary Bio-Products, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingfeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China; National Center for Engineering Research of Veterinary Bio-Products, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Huawei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China; National Center for Engineering Research of Veterinary Bio-Products, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Chuanmin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China; National Center for Engineering Research of Veterinary Bio-Products, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Fengying Lu
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China; National Center for Engineering Research of Veterinary Bio-Products, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Sha Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China; National Center for Engineering Research of Veterinary Bio-Products, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Qunxing Pan
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China; National Center for Engineering Research of Veterinary Bio-Products, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaofei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China; National Center for Engineering Research of Veterinary Bio-Products, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China.
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Inflammatory Cytokine-Producing Cells and Inflammation Markers in the Synovium of Osteoarthritis Patients Evidenced in Human Herpesvirus 7 Infection. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21176004. [PMID: 32825448 PMCID: PMC7504613 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A direct association between joint inflammation and the progression of osteoarthritis (OA) has been proposed, and synovitis is considered a powerful driver of the disease. Among infections implicated in the development of joint disease, human herpesvirus 7 (HHV-7) infection remains poorly characterized. Therefore, we assessed synovitis in OA patients; determined the occurrence and distribution of the HHV-7 antigen within the synovial membrane of OA-affected subjects; and correlated plasma levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and TNF expressed locally within lesioned synovial tissues with HHV-7 observations, suggesting differences in persistent latent and active infection. Synovial HHV-7, CD4, CD68, and TNF antigens were detected immunohistochemically. The plasma levels of TNF and IL-6 were measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Our findings confirm the presence of persistent HHV-7 infection in 81.5% and reactivation in 20.5% of patients. In 35.2% of patients, virus-specific DNA was extracted from synovial membrane tissue samples. We evidenced the absence of histopathologically detectable synovitis and low-grade changes in the majority of OA patients enrolled in the study, in both HHV-7 PCR+ and HHV-7 PCR‒ groups. The number of synovial CD4-positive cells in the HHV-7 polymerase chain reaction (PCR)+ group was significantly higher than that in the HHV-7 PCR‒ group. CD4- and CD68-positive cells were differently distributed in both HHV-7 PCR+ and HHV-7 PCR‒ groups, as well as in latent and active HHV-7 infection. The number of TNF+ and HHV-7+ lymphocytes, as well as HHV-7+ vascular endothelial cells, was strongly correlated. Vascular endothelial cells, especially in the case of infection reactivation, appeared vulnerable. The balance between virus latency and reactivation is a long-term relationship between the host and infectious agent, and the immune system appears to be involved in displaying overreaction when a shift in the established equilibrium develops.
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Fibroblast-Like-Synoviocytes Mediate Secretion of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines via ERK and JNK MAPKs in Ti-Particle-Induced Osteolysis. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13163628. [PMID: 32824426 PMCID: PMC7476030 DOI: 10.3390/ma13163628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Biomaterials are designed to replace and augment living tissues in order to provide functional support to skeletal deformities. However, wear debris produced from the interfaces of metal implants initiates inflammatory bone loss, causing periprosthetic osteolysis. Lately, fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) have been shown to play a role in wear-debris-induced osteolysis. Thus, here we have tried to understand the underlying mechanism of FLS involvement in wear-debris-induced osteolysis. Our results demonstrate that the effects of Ti particle (1:100 cell-to-Ti particle ratio) on FLS can induce Cox-2 expression and activate NFkB signaling. Moreover, the mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, IL-8, IL-11, IL-1β, and TNFα was found to be elevated. However, among these pro-inflammatory cytokines, the mRNA and protein levels of only IL-6, IL-1β, and TNFα were found to be significantly higher. Ti particles activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) as an early response in FLS. Co-inhibition of ERK and JNK signaling pathways by their specific inhibitors (PD9805 and SP600125, respectively) resulted in the suppression of mRNA and protein levels of IL-6, IL-1β, and TNFα in FLS. Taken together, targeting ERK and JNK MAPKs in FLS might provide a therapeutic option for reducing the secretion of bone-resorbing pro-inflammatory cytokines, thus preventing periprosthetic osteolysis.
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Mechanical adaptation of synoviocytes A and B to immobilization and remobilization: a study in the rat knee flexion model. J Mol Histol 2020; 51:605-611. [PMID: 32778991 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-020-09902-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to quantify the in vivo response of synoviocytes type A and B in the posterior joint capsule to knee immobilization and remobilization. Also, to correlate the immunohistochemical data with selected mRNA expression in the posterior joint capsule. Forty-two adult male Sprague-Dawley rats had one knee joint immobilized in flexion for durations of 1-4 weeks. Fifteen were harvested after immobilization and 15 were remobilized for 4 weeks. They were analyzed immunohistochemically with CD68 and CD55 antibodies as markers for synoviocytes type A and type B, respectively. Controls were 15 age-matched rats. The remaining 12 rats had their posterior capsule harvested and synoviocyte-specific CD68, CD55, and uridine diphosphoglucose dehydrogenase (UDPGD) mRNA expression was measured. Controls were 12 sham-operated knees. Knee immobilization for 2 weeks significantly increased synoviocytes A:B staining ratio compared to controls (3.88 ± 1.39 vs. 1.83 ± 0.76; p < 0.05). Remobilization for 4 weeks abolished the increase. Remobilization of knees that were immobilized for 1 week also significantly lowered the synoviocytes A:B staining ratios compared to immobilized-only knees (0.66 ± 0.23 vs. 2.19 ± 0.54; p < 0.05) and to controls (0.66 ± 0.23 vs. 1.32 ± 0.29; p < 0.05). Consistent with the immunohistochemistry, mRNA expression of synoviocyte type B-specific CD55 and UDPGD genes were significantly lower in the capsules immobilized for 2 weeks (both p < 0.05). Knee immobilization and remobilization significantly modulated synoviocytes in vivo, stressing their mechanosensitive nature and possible contribution to immobility-induced changes of the joint capsule.
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50
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Bosscher HA, Grozdanov PN, Warraich II, MacDonald CC, Day MR. The peridural membrane of the spine has characteristics of synovium. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2020; 304:631-646. [PMID: 32537855 DOI: 10.1002/ar.24474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The peridural membrane (PDM) is a well-defined structure between dura mater and the wall of the spinal canal. The spine may be viewed as a multi-segmented joint, with the epidural cavity and neural foramina as joint spaces and PDM as synovial lining. The objective of this investigation was to determine if PDM has histological characteristics of synovium. Samples of the PDM of the thoraco-lumbar spine were taken from 23 human cadavers and analyzed with conventional light microscopy and confocal microscopy. Results were compared to reports on similar analyses of synovium in the literature. Histological distribution of areolar, fibrous, and adipose connective tissue in PDM was similar to synovium. The PDM has an intima and sub-intima. No basement membrane was identified. CD68, a marker for macrophage-like-synoviocytes, and CD55, a marker for fibroblast-like synoviocytes, were seen in the lining and sub-lining of the PDM. Multifunctional hyaluronan receptor CD44 and hyaluronic acid synthetase 2 marker HAS2 were abundantly present throughout the membrane. Marked presence of CD44, CD55, and HAS2 in the well-developed tunica muscularis of blood vessels and in the body of the PDM suggests a role in the maintenance and lubrication of the epidural cavity and neural foramina. Presence of CD68, CD55, and CD44 suggests a scavenging function and a role in the inflammatory response to noxious stimuli. Thus, the human PDM has histological and immunohistochemical characteristics of synovium. This suggests that the PDM may be important for the homeostasis of the flexible spine and the neural structures it contains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemmo A Bosscher
- Department of Anesthesiology, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA.,Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA.,Pain Management Grace Health System, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Petar N Grozdanov
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Image Analysis and Molecular Biology Core Facilities, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Irfan I Warraich
- Department of Pathology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Clinton C MacDonald
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Miles R Day
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA.,Grace Health System, Lubbock, Texas, USA
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