1
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Ocak M, Usta DD, Arik Erol GN, Kaplanoglu GT, Konac E, Yar Saglam AS. Determination of In Vitro and In Vivo Effects of Taxifolin and Epirubicin on Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Mouse Breast Cancer Cells. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2024; 23:15330338241241245. [PMID: 38515396 PMCID: PMC10958820 DOI: 10.1177/15330338241241245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: One of the most significant characteristics of cancer is epithelial-mesenchymal transition and research on the relationship between phenolic compounds and anticancer medications and epithelial-mesenchymal transition is widespread. Methods: In order to investigate the potential effects of Taxifolin on enhancing the effectiveness of Epirubicin in treating breast cancer, specifically in 4T1 cells and an allograft BALB/c model, the effects of Taxifolin and Epirubicin, both individually and in combination, were examined. Cell viability assays and cytotoxicity assays in 4T1 cells were performed. In addition, 4T1 cells were implanted into female BALB/c mice to conduct in vivo studies and evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of Taxifolin and Epirubicin alone or in combination. Tumor volumes and histological analysis were also assessed in mice. To further understand the mechanisms involved, we examined the messenger RNA and protein levels of epithelial-mesenchymal transition-related genes, as well as active Caspase-3/7 levels, using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, western blot, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, respectively. Results: In vitro results demonstrated that the coadministration of Taxifolin and Epirubicin reduced cell viability and cytotoxicity in 4T1 cell lines. In vivo, coadministration of Taxifolin and Epirubicin suppressed tumor growth in BALB/c mice with 4T1 breast cancer cells. Additionally, this combination treatment significantly increased the levels of active caspase-3/7 and downregulated the messenger RNA and protein levels of N-cadherin, β-catenin, vimentin, snail, and slug, but upregulated the E-cadherin gene. It significantly decreased the messenger RNA levels of the Zeb1 and Zeb2 genes. Conclusion: The in vitro and in vivo results of our study indicate that the concurrent use of Epirubicin with Taxifolin has supportive effects on breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammet Ocak
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Duygu Deniz Usta
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gokce Nur Arik Erol
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gulnur Take Kaplanoglu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ece Konac
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Atiye Seda Yar Saglam
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
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2
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George N, Bhandari P, Shruptha P, Jayaram P, Chaudhari S, Satyamoorthy K. Multidimensional outlook on the pathophysiology of cervical cancer invasion and metastasis. Mol Cell Biochem 2023; 478:2581-2606. [PMID: 36905477 PMCID: PMC10006576 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04686-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
Cervical cancer being one of the primary causes of high mortality rates among women is an area of concern, especially with ineffective treatment strategies. Extensive studies are carried out to understand various aspects of cervical cancer initiation, development and progression; however, invasive cervical squamous cell carcinoma has poor outcomes. Moreover, the advanced stages of cervical cancer may involve lymphatic circulation with a high risk of tumor recurrence at distant metastatic sites. Dysregulation of the cervical microbiome by human papillomavirus (HPV) together with immune response modulation and the occurrence of novel mutations that trigger genomic instability causes malignant transformation at the cervix. In this review, we focus on the major risk factors as well as the functionally altered signaling pathways promoting the transformation of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia into invasive squamous cell carcinoma. We further elucidate genetic and epigenetic variations to highlight the complexity of causal factors of cervical cancer as well as the metastatic potential due to the changes in immune response, epigenetic regulation, DNA repair capacity, and cell cycle progression. Our bioinformatics analysis on metastatic and non-metastatic cervical cancer datasets identified various significantly and differentially expressed genes as well as the downregulation of potential tumor suppressor microRNA miR-28-5p. Thus, a comprehensive understanding of the genomic landscape in invasive and metastatic cervical cancer will help in stratifying the patient groups and designing potential therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neena George
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Planetarium Complex, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Poonam Bhandari
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Planetarium Complex, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Padival Shruptha
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Planetarium Complex, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Pradyumna Jayaram
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Planetarium Complex, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Sima Chaudhari
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Planetarium Complex, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Kapaettu Satyamoorthy
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Planetarium Complex, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India.
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3
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Zhong L, Qian W, Gong W, Zhu L, Zhu J. Development of anoikis-related long non-coding RNA signature associated with prognosis and immune landscape in cutaneous melanoma patients. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:7655-7672. [PMID: 37543428 PMCID: PMC10457054 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anoikis is involved in many critical biological processes in tumors; however, function in CM is still unknown. In this study, the relevance between Anoikis-related lncRNAs (ARLs) and the clinicopathological characteristics of patients with CM was comprehensively assessed. METHODS Through analysis of TCGA dataset, ARLs were identified by using TCGA dataset. Based on the ARLs, a risk model was established to anticipate the prognosis of patients with CM, besides, the prediction accuracy of the model was evaluated. The immune infiltration landscape of patients with CM was assessed comprehensively, and the correlation between ARLs and immunity was elucidated. Immunotherapy and drug sensitivity analyses were applied to analyze the treatment response in patients with CM with diverse risk scores. Different subgroups were distinguished among the patients using consensus cluster analysis. RESULTS A risk model based on six ARLs was set up to obtain an accurate prediction of the prognosis of patients with CM. There were distinctions in the immune landscape among CM patients with diverse risk scores and subgroups. Six prognosis-related ARLs were highly correlated with the number of immune cells. Patients with CM with different risk scores have various sensitivities to immunotherapy and antitumor drug treatments. CONCLUSION Our newly risk model associated with ARLs has considerable prognostic value for patients with CM. Not only has the risk model high prediction accuracy but it also indicates the immune status of CM patients, which will provide a new direction for the individualized therapy of patients with CM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Like Zhong
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenkang Qian
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wangang Gong
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, Zhejiang, China
| | - Li Zhu
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, Zhejiang, China
| | - Junfeng Zhu
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, Zhejiang, China
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4
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Lawrence R, Watters M, Davies CR, Pantel K, Lu YJ. Circulating tumour cells for early detection of clinically relevant cancer. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2023:10.1038/s41571-023-00781-y. [PMID: 37268719 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-023-00781-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Given that cancer mortality is usually a result of late diagnosis, efforts in the field of early detection are paramount to reducing cancer-related deaths and improving patient outcomes. Increasing evidence indicates that metastasis is an early event in patients with aggressive cancers, often occurring even before primary lesions are clinically detectable. Metastases are usually formed from cancer cells that spread to distant non-malignant tissues via the blood circulation, termed circulating tumour cells (CTCs). CTCs have been detected in patients with early stage cancers and, owing to their association with metastasis, might indicate the presence of aggressive disease, thus providing a possible means to expedite diagnosis and treatment initiation for such patients while avoiding overdiagnosis and overtreatment of those with slow-growing, indolent tumours. The utility of CTCs as an early diagnostic tool has been investigated, although further improvements in the efficiency of CTC detection are required. In this Perspective, we discuss the clinical significance of early haematogenous dissemination of cancer cells, the potential of CTCs to facilitate early detection of clinically relevant cancers, and the technological advances that might improve CTC capture and, thus, diagnostic performance in this setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Lawrence
- Centre for Biomarkers and Therapeutics, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Melissa Watters
- Barts and London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University London, London, UK
| | - Caitlin R Davies
- Centre for Biomarkers and Therapeutics, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Klaus Pantel
- Department of Tumour Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Yong-Jie Lu
- Centre for Biomarkers and Therapeutics, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
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5
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Zhang L, Wang S, Wu GR, Yue H, Dong R, Zhang S, Yu Q, Yang P, Zhao J, Zhang H, Yu J, Yuan X, Xiong W, Yang X, Yong T, Wang CY. MBD2 facilitates tumor metastasis by mitigating DDB2 expression. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:303. [PMID: 37142578 PMCID: PMC10160113 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05804-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Despite past extensive studies, the pathoetiologies underlying tumor metastasis remain poorly understood, which renders its treatment largely unsuccessful. The methyl-CpG-binding domain 2 (MBD2), a "reader" to interpret DNA methylome-encoded information, has been noted to be involved in the development of certain types of tumors, while its exact impact on tumor metastasis remains elusive. Herein we demonstrated that patients with LUAD metastasis were highly correlated with enhanced MBD2 expression. Therefore, knockdown of MBD2 significantly attenuated the migration and invasion of LUAD cells (A549 and H1975 cell lines) coupled with attenuated epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Moreover, similar results were observed in other types of tumor cells (B16F10). Mechanistically, MBD2 selectively bound to the methylated CpG DNA within the DDB2 promoter, by which MBD2 repressed DDB2 expression to promote tumor metastasis. As a result, administration of MBD2 siRNA-loaded liposomes remarkably suppressed EMT along with attenuated tumor metastasis in the B16F10 tumor-bearing mice. Collectively, our study indicates that MBD2 could be a promising prognostic marker for tumor metastasis, while administration of MBD2 siRNA-loaded liposomes could be a viable therapeutic approach against tumor metastasis in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Center for Biomedical Research, NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, 430030, Wuhan, China
| | - Siyuan Wang
- Department of Gerontology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Guo-Rao Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Center for Biomedical Research, NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, 430030, Wuhan, China
| | - Huihui Yue
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Center for Biomedical Research, NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, 430030, Wuhan, China
| | - Ruihan Dong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Center for Biomedical Research, NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, 430030, Wuhan, China
| | - Shu Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Center for Biomedical Research, NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, 430030, Wuhan, China
| | - Qilin Yu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Center for Biomedical Research, NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, 430030, Wuhan, China
| | - Ping Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Center for Biomedical Research, NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, 430030, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianping Zhao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Center for Biomedical Research, NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, 430030, Wuhan, China
| | - Huilan Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Center for Biomedical Research, NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, 430030, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Yu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, 430030, Wuhan, China
| | - Xianglin Yuan
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, China
| | - Weining Xiong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Lu, 200011, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangliang Yang
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, China.
| | - Tuying Yong
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074, Wuhan, China.
| | - Cong-Yi Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Center for Biomedical Research, NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, 430030, Wuhan, China.
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6
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Sell MC, Ramlogan-Steel CA, Steel JC, Dhungel BP. MicroRNAs in cancer metastasis: biological and therapeutic implications. Expert Rev Mol Med 2023; 25:e14. [PMID: 36927814 PMCID: PMC10407223 DOI: 10.1017/erm.2023.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Cancer metastasis is the primary cause of cancer-related deaths. The seeding of primary tumours at a secondary site is a highly inefficient process requiring substantial alterations in the genetic architecture of cancer cells. These alterations include significant changes in global gene expression patterns. MicroRNAs are small, non-protein coding RNAs which play a central role in regulating gene expression. Here, we focus on microRNA determinants of cancer metastasis and examine microRNA dysregulation in metastatic cancer cells. We dissect the metastatic process in a step-wise manner and summarise the involvement of microRNAs at each step. We also discuss the advantages and limitations of different microRNA-based strategies that have been used to target metastasis in pre-clinical models. Finally, we highlight current clinical trials that use microRNA-based therapies to target advanced or metastatic tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie C. Sell
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, QLD 4701, Australia
| | - Charmaine A. Ramlogan-Steel
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, QLD 4701, Australia
| | - Jason C. Steel
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, QLD 4701, Australia
| | - Bijay P. Dhungel
- Gene & Stem Cell Therapy Program Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine & Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
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7
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Tumor-associated macrophage-derived GDNF promotes gastric cancer liver metastasis via a GFRA1-modulated autophagy flux. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2023; 46:315-330. [PMID: 36808605 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-022-00751-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Liver metastasis, a lethal malignancy of gastric cancer (GC) patients, execrably impairs their prognosis. As yet, however, few studies have been designed to identify the driving molecules during its formation, except screening evidence pausing before their functions or mechanisms. Here, we aimed to survey a key driving event within the invasive margin of liver metastases. METHODS A metastatic GC tissue microarray was used for exploring malignant events during liver-metastasis formation, followed by assessing the expression patterns of glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and GDNF family receptor alpha 1 (GFRA1). Their oncogenic functions were determined by both loss- and gain-of-function studies in vitro and in vivo, and validated by rescue experiments. Multiple cell biological studies were performed to identify the underlying mechanisms. RESULTS In the invasive margin, GFRA1 was identified as a pivotal molecule involved in cellular survival during liver metastasis formation, and we found that its oncogenic role depends on tumor associated macrophage (TAM)-derived GDNF. In addition, we found that the GDNF-GFRA1 axis protects tumor cells from apoptosis under metabolic stress via regulating lysosomal functions and autophagy flux, and participates in the regulation of cytosolic calcium ion signalling in a RET-independent and non-canonical way. CONCLUSION From our data we conclude that TAMs, homing around metastatic nests, induce the autophagy flux of GC cells and promote the development of liver metastasis via GDNF-GFRA1 signalling. This is expected to improve the comprehension of metastatic pathogenesis and to provide a novel direction of research and translational strategies for the treatment of metastatic GC patients.
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8
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Jiang T, Xie G, Zeng Z, Lan J, Liu H, Li J, Ren H, Chen T, Pan W. A novel class of C14-sulfonate-tetrandrine derivatives as potential chemotherapeutic agents for hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Chem 2023; 10:1107824. [PMID: 36704617 PMCID: PMC9871304 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.1107824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common malignancy of the liver, exhibits high recurrence and metastasis. Structural modifications of natural products are crucial resources of antitumor drugs. This study aimed to synthesize C-14 derivatives of tetrandrine and evaluate their effects on HCC. Forty C-14 sulfonate tetrandrine derivatives were synthesized and their in vitro antiproliferative was evaluated against four hepatoma (HepG-2, SMMC-7721, QGY-7701, and SK-Hep-1) cell lines. For all tested cells, most of the modified compounds were more active than the lead compound, tetrandrine. In particular, 14-O-(5-chlorothiophene-2-sulfonyl)-tetrandrine (33) exhibited the strongest antiproliferative effect, with half-maximal inhibitory concentration values of 1.65, 2.89, 1.77, and 2.41 μM for the four hepatoma cell lines, respectively. Moreover, 33 was found to induce apoptosis via a mitochondria-mediated intrinsic pathway via flow cytometry and western blotting analysis. In addition, colony formation, wound healing, and transwell assays demonstrated that 33 significantly inhibited HepG-2 and SMMC-7721 cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, indicating that it might potentially be a candidate for an anti-HCC therapy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taibai Jiang
- School of Basic Medicine/State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Guangtong Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhirui Zeng
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Junjie Lan
- Department of Pharmacy, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Hanfei Liu
- School of Basic Medicine/State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jinyu Li
- School of Basic Medicine/State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Hai Ren
- School of Basic Medicine/State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China,*Correspondence: Hai Ren, ; Tengxiang Chen, ; Weidong Pan,
| | - Tengxiang Chen
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China,Precision Medicine Research Institute of Guizhou, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China,*Correspondence: Hai Ren, ; Tengxiang Chen, ; Weidong Pan,
| | - Weidong Pan
- School of Basic Medicine/State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China,*Correspondence: Hai Ren, ; Tengxiang Chen, ; Weidong Pan,
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9
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Chen M, Tong C, Wu Q, Zhong Z, He Q, Zeng L, Xiao L. 6-Shogaol Inhibits the Cell Migration of Colon Cancer by Suppressing the EMT Process Through the IKKβ/NF-κB/Snail Pathway. Integr Cancer Ther 2023; 22:15347354231172732. [PMID: 37157810 DOI: 10.1177/15347354231172732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
6-Shogaol from ginger has anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidation and anti-cancer effects. Aim of the Study: To study the effects and possible mechanisms of 6-Shogaol on inhibiting the migration of colon cancer cells Caco2 and HCT116 and prove the effects on proliferation and apoptosis. Materials and methods: The cells were treated with 6-Shogaol at the concentrations of 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 µM, the cytotoxicity was tested by Colony formation assays and 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), and the Western blot was used to evaluate IKKβ/NF-κB/Snail pathway and EMT-related proteins. In addition, in order to eliminate the interference of proliferation inhibition on the experiment, Caco2 cells were treated with 6-Shogaol at the concentrations of 0, 40, and 80 µM, HCT116 cells were treated with 6-Shogaol at the concentrations of 0, 20, and 40 µM, apoptosis was measured by Annex V/PI staining, and migration was measured by Wound healing assays and Transwell test. Results: 6-Shogaol significantly inhibited the growth of cells. The maximum inhibitory concentration of half of them was 86.63 µM in Caco2 cells and 45.25 µM in HCT116 cells. At 80 µM and 40 µM concentrations, 6-Shogaol significantly promoted apoptosis of colon cancer Caco2 cells and HCT116 cells, and also significantly inhibited cell migration (P < .05). In addition, Western blot analysis showed that at 80 µM dose of 6-Shogaol significantly reduced MMP-2, N-cadherin, IKKβ, P-NF-κB and Snail expression in Caco2 cells (P < .05). 40 µM dose of 6-Shogaol significantly reduced VEGF, IKKβ, and P-NF-κB expression, and MMP-2, N-cadherin and Snail was significantly decreased at 60 µM of 6-Shogaol in HCT116 cells(P < .05). However, there was no significant change in E-cadherin in Caco2 cells, and the expression of E-cadherin protein in HCT116 cells decreased. Conclusion: This study proposes and confirms that 6-Shogaol can significantly inhibit the migration of colon cancer cells Caco2 and HCT116, and its mechanism may be produced by inhibiting EMT through IKKβ/NF-κB/Snail signaling pathway. It was also confirmed that 6-Shogaol inhibited the proliferation and promoted apoptosis of Caco2 and HCT116 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Chen
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, Macau SAR,, China
- The Fifth Affiliated (Zhuhai) Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Chiin Tong
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, Macau SAR,, China
| | - Qibiao Wu
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, Macau SAR,, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Zhuhai MUST Science and Technology Research Institute, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhenghong Zhong
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, Macau SAR,, China
| | - Qida He
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, Macau SAR,, China
| | - Li Zeng
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, Macau SAR,, China
| | - Lu Xiao
- Zhuhai Campus, Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
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10
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Zhu F, Wei J, He D, He J, Liu L, Hou H, Shi H, Jin S, Li J, Shi X, Liu P, Huang M. The miRNA125a-5p and miRNA125b-1-5p cluster induces cell invasion by down-regulating DDB2-reduced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in colorectal cancer. J Gastrointest Oncol 2022; 13:3112-3122. [PMID: 36636074 PMCID: PMC9830343 DOI: 10.21037/jgo-22-1222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background MicroRNA (miRNA) is a kind of non-coding RNA that regulates gene expression and is involved in tumor development. MiRNA-125 is reportedly aberrantly expressed in colorectal cancer tissue; however, its potential function and underlying mechanism remain unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the expression level and potential role of the miRNA-125 family in the invasion and migration of colorectal cancer. Methods To further understand the role of the miRNA-125 family in metastatic colorectal cancer, we overexpressed miRNA-125 in the SW480 cell line by transfection with the miRNA-125 family mimics or a sponge. Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay was performed to identify the effect of the miRNA-125 family on cell proliferation, and a Transwell filter assay was used to detect the role of the miRNA-125 family in migration and invasion. A luciferase assay was carried out to confirm the binding site of miRNA-125 and the target gene, damage specific DNA binding protein 2 (DDB2). Western blot was applied to detect the expression levels of DDB2 and the markers of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in colorectal cancer cells. Results The real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) results showed that miR-125a-5p and miR-125b-1-5p were up-regulated in metastatic colorectal cancer tissues. The Transwell filter assay results appeared that miR-125a-5p and miR-125b-1-5p could promote the invasion and migration of colorectal cancer cells. The luciferase assay data confirmed the binding site of miR-125a-5p and miR-125b-1-5p on the 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) of DDB2 messenger RNA (mRNA). The real-time PCR and Western blot results indicated that miR-125a-5p and miR-125b-1-5p could regulate the expression levels of DDB2 and EMT markers, and lower DDB2 expression was observed in metastatic tissues. Conclusions Our findings illustrated that miRNA125a-5p and miRNA125b-1-5p could reduce the expression of DDB2 by binding to the 3'UTR region, and then regulate the expression levels of EMT markers, leading to the enhanced invasion and metastasis of colorectal cancer cells. Thus, miRNA125a-5p and miRNA125b-1-5p might be novel markers of colorectal cancer migration and potential therapeutic targets to treat metastatic colorectal cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Zhu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China;,Department of Oncology, Nanjing Second Hospital, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Juan Wei
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing Second Hospital, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Danni He
- Department of Gynecology, Women’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, China
| | - Jing He
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Biomedical Institute Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huyang Hou
- Department of Gynecology, Women’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, China
| | - Hengmei Shi
- Department of Gynecology, Women’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, China
| | - Shidai Jin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Shi
- Department of Gynecology, Women’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mao Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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11
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Shi F, Wu J, Jia Q, Li K, Li W, Shi Y, Wang Y, Wu S. Relationship between the expression of ARHGAP25 and RhoA in non-small cell lung cancer and vasculogenic mimicry. BMC Pulm Med 2022; 22:377. [PMID: 36207695 PMCID: PMC9547444 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-022-02179-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Vasculogenic mimicry (VM) is a recently identified pattern of blood supply to tumor tissue. It has long been considered a functional element in the metastasis and prognosis of malignant tumors. Both Rho GTPase-activating protein 25 (ARHGAP25) and Ras homolog family member A (RhoA) are effective predictors of tumor metastasis. In this study, we examined the expression levels of ARHGAP25 and RhoA and the structure of VM in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). At the same time, we used cytology-related experiments to explore the effect of ARHGAP25 on the migration ability of tumor cells. Furthermore, we analyzed the interaction between the three factors and their association with clinicopathological characteristics and the five-year survival time in patients using statistical tools. Methods A total of 130 well-preserved NSCLC and associated paracancerous tumor-free tissues were obtained. Cell colony formation, wound healing, and cytoskeleton staining assays were used to analyze the effect of ARHGAP25 on the proliferation and migration ability of NSCLC cells. Immunohistochemical staining was used to determine the positivity rates of ARHGAP25, RhoA, and VM. Statistical software was used to examine the relationships between the three factors and clinical case characteristics, overall survival, and disease-free survival. Results Cell colony formation, wound healing, and cytoskeleton staining assays confirmed that ARHGAP25 expression affects the proliferation and migratory abilities of NSCLC cells. ARHGAP25 positivity rates in NSCLC and paracancerous tumor-free tissues were 48.5% and 63.1%, respectively, whereas RhoA positivity rates were 62.3% and 18.5%, respectively. ARHGAP25 had a negative relationship with RhoA and VM, whereas RhoA and VM had a positive relationship (P < 0.05). ARHGAP25, RhoA, and VM affected the prognosis of patients with NSCLC (P < 0.05) according to Kaplan–Meier of survival time and Cox regression analyses. Furthermore, lowering ARHGAP25 expression increased NSCLC cell proliferation and migration. Conclusions ARHGAP25 and RhoA expression is associated with VM and may be of potential value in predicting tumor metastasis, prognosis, and targeted therapy. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12890-022-02179-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Shi
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Changhuai road 287, Bengbu, 233000, Anhui, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pathology, Bengbu Medical College, 2600 Donghai Avenue, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Jiatao Wu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Changhuai road 287, Bengbu, 233000, Anhui, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pathology, Bengbu Medical College, 2600 Donghai Avenue, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Qianhao Jia
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Changhuai road 287, Bengbu, 233000, Anhui, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pathology, Bengbu Medical College, 2600 Donghai Avenue, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Kairui Li
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Changhuai road 287, Bengbu, 233000, Anhui, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pathology, Bengbu Medical College, 2600 Donghai Avenue, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Wenjuan Li
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Changhuai road 287, Bengbu, 233000, Anhui, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pathology, Bengbu Medical College, 2600 Donghai Avenue, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Yuqi Shi
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Changhuai road 287, Bengbu, 233000, Anhui, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pathology, Bengbu Medical College, 2600 Donghai Avenue, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Yufei Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Changhuai road 287, Bengbu, 233000, Anhui, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pathology, Bengbu Medical College, 2600 Donghai Avenue, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Shiwu Wu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Changhuai road 287, Bengbu, 233000, Anhui, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Pathology, Bengbu Medical College, 2600 Donghai Avenue, Bengbu, Anhui, China.
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12
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Identification of Calcium Channel-Related Gene P2RX2 for Prognosis and Immune Infiltration in Prostate Cancer. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:8058160. [PMID: 36246559 PMCID: PMC9553555 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8058160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignancies in men. Calcium signaling is implicated in the progression of prostate cancer and plays a critical role in immune cell function. However, whether specific calcium channel-related genes play a crucial role in the immune cell infiltration levels of prostate cancer requires further research. In this study, we performed an integrated analysis of transcriptional, clinical, and somatic mutation data from The Cancer Genome Atlas database and identified the hub calcium channel-related gene P2RX2 to be associated with the prognosis and immune infiltration of prostate cancer. P2RX2 expression was positively correlated with immune cell infiltration levels and the expression of immune checkpoint genes, and downregulation of P2RX2 led to poor survival in patients with prostate cancer. Furthermore, we validated the molecular and clinical characteristics of P2RX2 by using multiple databases and conducting in-vitro experiments. Additionally, drug sensitivity analysis revealed that patients with low P2RX2 expression were sensitive to docetaxel and Bicalutamide. In conclusion, we revealed an association between calcium channel-related genes and prostate cancer, and identified P2RX2 as a biomarker for early diagnosis, prognosis prediction, and aiding treatment decisions for patients with prostate cancer.
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13
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Targeting HIF-1α by Natural and Synthetic Compounds: A Promising Approach for Anti-Cancer Therapeutics Development. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27165192. [PMID: 36014432 PMCID: PMC9413992 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27165192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Advancement in novel target detection using improved molecular cancer biology has opened up new avenues for promising anti-cancer drug development. In the past two decades, the mechanism of tumor hypoxia has become more understandable with the discovery of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α). It is a major transcriptional regulator that coordinates the activity of various transcription factors and their downstream molecules involved in tumorigenesis. HIF-1α not only plays a crucial role in the adaptation of tumor cells to hypoxia but also regulates different biological processes, including cell proliferation, survival, cellular metabolism, angiogenesis, metastasis, cancer stem cell maintenance, and propagation. Therefore, HIF-1α overexpression is strongly associated with poor prognosis in patients with different solid cancers. Hence, pharmacological targeting of HIF-1α has been considered to be a novel cancer therapeutic strategy in recent years. In this review, we provide brief descriptions of natural and synthetic compounds as HIF-1α inhibitors that have the potential to accelerate anticancer drug discovery. This review also introduces the mode of action of these compounds for a better understanding of the chemical leads, which could be useful as cancer therapeutics in the future.
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14
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The Role of Neurotrophin-4/Forkhead Box L1 in the Development of Nonsmall-Cell Lung Cancer. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2022; 2022:9078012. [PMID: 36034210 PMCID: PMC9381233 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9078012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to uncover the biological function of neurotrophin-4 (NTF4) in affecting the progression of nonsmall-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). NTF4 levels in NSCLC and paracancerous tissues were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Knockdown of NTF4 in A549 and H1299 cells was achieved by transfection of sh-NTF4. Subsequently, proliferative and migratory changes in NSCLC cells with NTF4 knockdown were determined by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and transwell and wound healing assay. The target gene binding NTF4 was predicted by bioinformatic software and verified by a dual-luciferase reporter assay. The role of the NTF4/FOXL1 axis in mediating NSCLC cell behaviors was finally explored through rescue experiments. NTF4 was highly expressed in NSCLC tissues than in normal ones. Knockdown of NTF4 remarkably reduced proliferative and migratory rates in A549 and H1299 cells. Forkhead Box L1 (FOXL1) was confirmed as a target gene of NTF4 by bioinformatic software and verified by a dual-luciferase reporter assay. Knockdown of FOXL1 was able to reverse the reduced proliferative and migratory rates in A549 and H1299 cells transfected with sh-NTF4. NTF4 triggers NSCLC to proliferate and migrate via negatively regulating FOXL1.
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15
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Murrieta-Coxca JM, Fuentes-Zacarias P, Ospina-Prieto S, Markert UR, Morales-Prieto DM. Synergies of Extracellular Vesicles and Microchimerism in Promoting Immunotolerance During Pregnancy. Front Immunol 2022; 13:837281. [PMID: 35844513 PMCID: PMC9285877 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.837281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The concept of biological identity has been traditionally a central issue in immunology. The assumption that entities foreign to a specific organism should be rejected by its immune system, while self-entities do not trigger an immune response is challenged by the expanded immunotolerance observed in pregnancy. To explain this "immunological paradox", as it was first called by Sir Peter Medawar, several mechanisms have been described in the last decades. Among them, the intentional transfer and retention of small amounts of cells between a mother and her child have gained back attention. These microchimeric cells contribute to expanding allotolerance in both organisms and enhancing genetic fitness, but they could also provoke aberrant alloimmune activation. Understanding the mechanisms used by microchimeric cells to exert their function in pregnancy has proven to be challenging as per definition they are extremely rare. Profiting from studies in the field of transplantation and cancer research, a synergistic effect of microchimerism and cellular communication based on the secretion of extracellular vesicles (EVs) has begun to be unveiled. EVs are already known to play a pivotal role in feto-maternal tolerance by transferring cargo from fetal to maternal immune cells to reshape their function. A further aspect of EVs is their function in antigen presentation either directly or on the surface of recipient cells. Here, we review the current understanding of microchimerism in the feto-maternal tolerance during human pregnancy and the potential role of EVs in mediating the allorecognition and tropism of microchimeric cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Udo R. Markert
- Placenta Lab, Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
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16
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Bao X, Zhang Y, Zhang H, Xia L. Molecular Mechanism of β-Sitosterol and its Derivatives in Tumor Progression. Front Oncol 2022; 12:926975. [PMID: 35756648 PMCID: PMC9213880 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.926975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
β-Sitosterol (SIT), a white powdery organic substance with a molecular formula of C29H50O, is one of the most abundant naturally occurring phytosterols in plants. With a chemical composition similar to that of cholesterol, SIT is applied in various fields such as medicine, agriculture, and chemical industries, owing to its unique biological and physicochemical properties. Modern pharmacological studies have elucidated good anti-tumor therapeutic effect activity of SIT, which mainly manifests as pro-apoptotic, anti-proliferative, anti-metastatic, anti-invasive, and chemosensitizing on tumor cells. In addition, SIT exerts an anti-tumor effect on multiple malignant tumors such as breast, gastric, lung, kidney, pancreatic, prostate, and other cancers. Further, SIT derivatives with structural modifications are promising anti-tumor drugs with significant anti-tumor effects. This review article focuses on recent studies relevant to the anti-tumor effects of SIT and summarizes its anti-tumor mechanism to provide a reference for the clinical treatment of malignant tumors and the development of novel anti-tumor drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingxun Bao
- School of Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Hairong Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Lei Xia
- Department of Pathology, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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17
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Han Y, Wang D, Peng L, Huang T, He X, Wang J, Ou C. Single-cell sequencing: a promising approach for uncovering the mechanisms of tumor metastasis. J Hematol Oncol 2022; 15:59. [PMID: 35549970 PMCID: PMC9096771 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-022-01280-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Single-cell sequencing (SCS) is an emerging high-throughput technology that can be used to study the genomics, transcriptomics, and epigenetics at a single cell level. SCS is widely used in the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases, including cancer. Over the years, SCS has gradually become an effective clinical tool for the exploration of tumor metastasis mechanisms and the development of treatment strategies. Currently, SCS can be used not only to analyze metastasis-related malignant biological characteristics, such as tumor heterogeneity, drug resistance, and microenvironment, but also to construct metastasis-related cell maps for predicting and monitoring the dynamics of metastasis. SCS is also used to identify therapeutic targets related to metastasis as it provides insights into the distribution of tumor cell subsets and gene expression differences between primary and metastatic tumors. Additionally, SCS techniques in combination with artificial intelligence (AI) are used in liquid biopsy to identify circulating tumor cells (CTCs), thereby providing a novel strategy for treating tumor metastasis. In this review, we summarize the potential applications of SCS in the field of tumor metastasis and discuss the prospects and limitations of SCS to provide a theoretical basis for finding therapeutic targets and mechanisms of metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Han
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Lushan Peng
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoyun He
- Departments of Ultrasound Imaging, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Junpu Wang
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China. .,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410031, Hunan, China. .,Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
| | - Chunlin Ou
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
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18
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Zi H, Chen L, Ruan Q. Lidocaine represses the malignant behavior of lung carcinoma cells via the circ_PDZD8/miR-516b-5p/GOLT1A axis. Histol Histopathol 2022; 37:461-474. [PMID: 35060113 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18-423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Lung carcinoma is the most prevalent malignancy in adults. Lidocaine (Lido) has been confirmed to exert an anti-tumor role in many human cancers. However, the role and underlying mechanism of Lido in lung carcinoma remain poorly understood. Cell proliferation ability, migration, invasion, and apoptosis were measured by Colony formation, 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU), Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), transwell, and flow cytometry assays. Circ_PDZD8, microRNA-516b-5p (miR-516b-5p), and Golgi transport 1A (GOLT1A) levels were detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Protein levels of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and GOLT1A were examined by western blot assay. The binding relationship between miR-516b-5p and circ_PDZD8 or GOLT1A was predicted by circular RNA Interactome or Starbase 3.0 and then verified by a dual-luciferase reporter assay. The biological roles of circ_PDZD8 and Lido on lung carcinoma cell growth were examined by the xenograft tumor model in vivo. Lido suppressed proliferation, migration, invasion, and induced apoptosis in lung carcinoma cells. Circ_PDZD8 and GOLT1A were increased, miR-516b-5p was decreased in lung carcinoma tissues and cell lines. Their expression presented the opposite trend in Lido-triggered lung carcinoma cells. Circ_PDZD8 might overturn the repression of Lido on cell growth ability and metastasis in this tumor. Mechanically, circ_PDZD8 might regulate GOLT1A expression by sponging miR-516b-5p. Circ_PDZD8 weakened the anti-lung carcinoma effect of Lido in vivo. Circ_PDZD8 might mitigate the inhibitory effect of Lido on tumor cell malignancy by modulating the miR-516b-5p/GOLT1A axis, providing a novel insight for lung carcinoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huafen Zi
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Qian Ruan
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Sichuan, PR China.
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Propofol Prevents the Growth, Migration, Invasion, and Glycolysis of Colorectal Cancer Cells by Downregulating Lactate Dehydrogenase Both In Vitro and In Vivo. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:8317466. [PMID: 35535311 PMCID: PMC9078837 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8317466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most frequently diagnosed gastrointestinal malignancies worldwide and has high rates of morbidity and mortality. Propofol has been reported to have certain anticancer properties. However, the role and mechanism of propofol in CRC are not entirely clear. CRC cells were treated with propofol and/or LDH-overexpression plasmids, and a mouse xenograft model of CRC was also established and treated with propofol. Cell viability, migration, and invasion were evaluated by CCK-8, wound healing, and transwell assays; the expression of related proteins was confirmed by western blotting; indexes of the glycolytic pathway were analyzed using specialized kits; tumor growth in mice was measured; pathological tissue structure was assessed by H&E staining; and 8-OHDG expression was determined by an immunochemistry assay. Our results verified that propofol could effectively prevent the malignant behaviors of CRC cells by suppressing cell viability, migration, and invasion and accelerating apoptosis. We also discovered that propofol could attenuate the glycolytic pathway in CRC cells. Moreover, we proved that lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was required for the inhibitory effects of propofol on the growth of CRC cells, including glycolysis in CRC cells. Furthermore, our results showed that propofol could not only significantly inhibit tumor growth and glycolysis, but also ameliorate the pathological structure of CRC tumors. The current results proved that propofol could attenuate the malignant progression of CRC by preventing LDH activity, suggesting that propofol might be an effective therapeutic agent for CRC.
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Chavda VP, Patel AB, Mistry KJ, Suthar SF, Wu ZX, Chen ZS, Hou K. Nano-Drug Delivery Systems Entrapping Natural Bioactive Compounds for Cancer: Recent Progress and Future Challenges. Front Oncol 2022; 12:867655. [PMID: 35425710 PMCID: PMC9004605 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.867655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a prominent cause of mortality globally, and it becomes fatal and incurable if it is delayed in diagnosis. Chemotherapy is a type of treatment that is used to eliminate, diminish, or restrict tumor progression. Chemotherapeutic medicines are available in various formulations. Some tumors require just one type of chemotherapy medication, while others may require a combination of surgery and/or radiotherapy. Treatments might last from a few minutes to many hours to several days. Each medication has potential adverse effects associated with it. Researchers have recently become interested in the use of natural bioactive compounds in anticancer therapy. Some phytochemicals have effects on cellular processes and signaling pathways with potential antitumor properties. Beneficial anticancer effects of phytochemicals were observed in both in vivo and in vitro investigations. Encapsulating natural bioactive compounds in different drug delivery methods may improve their anticancer efficacy. Greater in vivo stability and bioavailability, as well as a reduction in undesirable effects and an enhancement in target-specific activity, will increase the effectiveness of bioactive compounds. This review work focuses on a novel drug delivery system that entraps natural bioactive substances. It also provides an idea of the bioavailability of phytochemicals, challenges and limitations of standard cancer therapy. It also encompasses recent patents on nanoparticle formulations containing a natural anti-cancer molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek P. Chavda
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, L.M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, India
| | | | - Kavya J. Mistry
- Pharmacy Section, L.M. College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, India
| | | | - Zhuo-Xun Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Zhe-Sheng Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Kaijian Hou
- Department of Preventive Medicine,Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Longhu Hospital, The First Afliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
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21
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Yan S, Zhang B, Feng J, Wu H, Duan N, Zhu Y, Zhao Y, Shen S, Zhang K, Wu W, Liu N. FGFC1 Selectively Inhibits Erlotinib-Resistant Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer via Elevation of ROS Mediated by the EGFR/PI3K/Akt/mTOR Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:764699. [PMID: 35126111 PMCID: PMC8807551 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.764699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the most common malignancies in the world. Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) have been used as a first-line treatment for patients harboring with EGFR mutations in advanced NSCLC. Nevertheless, the drug resistance after continuous and long-term chemotherapies considerably limits its clinical efficacy. Therefore, it is of great importance to develop new chemotherapeutic agents and treatment strategies to conquer the drug resistance. FGFC1 (Fungi fibrinolytic compound 1), a type of bisindole alkaloid from a metabolite of the rare marine fungi Starchbotrys longispora. FG216, has exhibited excellent fibrinolytic and anti-inflammatory activity. However, the potent efficacy of FGFC1 in human cancer therapy requires further study. Herein, we demonstrated that FGFC1 selectively suppressed the growth of NSCLC cells with EGFR mutation. Mechanistically, FGFC1 treatment significantly induced the apoptosis of erlotinib-resistant NSCLC cells H1975 in a dose-dependent manner, which was proved to be mediated by mitochondrial dysfunction and elevated accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). Scavenging ROS not only alleviated FGFC1-induced apoptosis but also relieved the decrease of phospho-Akt. We further confirmed that FGFC1 significantly decreased the phosphorylation of protein EGFR, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (Akt), and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) in H1975 cells. Notably, PI3K inhibitor (LY294002) could promote the accumulation of ROS and the expression levels of apoptosis-related proteins induced by FGFC1. Molecular dynamics simulations indicated that FGFC1 can inhibit EGFR and its downstream PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway through directly binding to EGFR, which displayed a much higher binding affinity to EGFRT790M/L858R than EGFRWT. Additionally, FGFC1 treatment also inhibited the migration and invasion of H1975 cells. Finally, FGFC1 effectively inhibited tumor growth in the nude mice xenograft model of NSCLC. Taken together, our results indicate that FGFC1 may be a potential candidate for erlotinib-resistant NSCLC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shike Yan
- Department of Marine Bio-Pharmacology, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- Department of Marine Bio-Pharmacology, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingwen Feng
- Department of Marine Bio-Pharmacology, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haigang Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Namin Duan
- Department of Marine Bio-Pharmacology, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yamin Zhu
- Department of Marine Bio-Pharmacology, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yueliang Zhao
- Department of Marine Bio-Pharmacology, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuang Shen
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenhui Wu
- Department of Marine Bio-Pharmacology, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Engineering Research Center of Aquatic-Product Processing & Preservation, Shanghai, China
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Marine Bio-Pharmacology, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Engineering Research Center of Aquatic-Product Processing & Preservation, Shanghai, China
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22
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Maleki Dana P, Sadoughi F, Asemi Z, Yousefi B. The role of polyphenols in overcoming cancer drug resistance: a comprehensive review. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2022; 27:1. [PMID: 34979906 PMCID: PMC8903685 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-021-00301-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapeutic drugs are used to treat advanced stages of cancer or following surgery. However, cancers often develop resistance against drugs, leading to failure of treatment and recurrence of the disease. Polyphenols are a family of organic compounds with more than 10,000 members which have a three-membered flavan ring system in common. These natural compounds are known for their beneficial properties, such as free radical scavenging, decreasing oxidative stress, and modulating inflammation. Herein, we discuss the role of polyphenols (mainly curcumin, resveratrol, and epigallocatechin gallate [EGCG]) in different aspects of cancer drug resistance. Increasing drug uptake by tumor cells, decreasing drug metabolism by enzymes (e.g. cytochromes and glutathione-S-transferases), and reducing drug efflux are some of the mechanisms by which polyphenols increase the sensitivity of cancer cells to chemotherapeutic agents. Polyphenols also affect other targets for overcoming chemoresistance in cancer cells, including cell death (i.e. autophagy and apoptosis), EMT, ROS, DNA repair processes, cancer stem cells, and epigenetics (e.g. miRNAs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Maleki Dana
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sadoughi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran.
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. .,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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23
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Mahammad N, Ashcroft FJ, Feuerherm AJ, Elsaadi S, Vandsemb EN, Børset M, Johansen B. Inhibition of Cytosolic Phospholipase A2α Induces Apoptosis in Multiple Myeloma Cells. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26247447. [PMID: 34946532 PMCID: PMC8705991 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26247447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytosolic phospholipase A2α (cPLA2α) is the rate-limiting enzyme in releasing arachidonic acid and biosynthesis of its derivative eicosanoids. Thus, the catalytic activity of cPLA2α plays an important role in cellular metabolism in healthy as well as cancer cells. There is mounting evidence suggesting that cPLA2α is an interesting target for cancer treatment; however, it is unclear which cancers are most relevant for further investigation. Here we report the relative expression of cPLA2α in a variety of cancers and cancer cell lines using publicly available datasets. The profiling of a panel of cancer cell lines representing different tissue origins suggests that hematological malignancies are particularly sensitive to the growth inhibitory effect of cPLA2α inhibition. Several hematological cancers and cancer cell lines overexpressed cPLA2α, including multiple myeloma. Multiple myeloma is an incurable hematological cancer of plasma cells in the bone marrow with an emerging requirement of therapeutic approaches. We show here that two cPLA2α inhibitors AVX420 and AVX002, significantly and dose-dependently reduced the viability of multiple myeloma cells and induced apoptosis in vitro. Our findings implicate cPLA2α activity in the survival of multiple myeloma cells and support further studies into cPLA2α as a potential target for treating hematological cancers, including multiple myeloma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Mahammad
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway; (F.J.A.); (A.J.F.)
- Correspondence: (N.M.); (B.J.)
| | - Felicity J. Ashcroft
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway; (F.J.A.); (A.J.F.)
| | - Astrid J. Feuerherm
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway; (F.J.A.); (A.J.F.)
| | - Samah Elsaadi
- Center for Myeloma Research, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway; (S.E.); (E.N.V.); (M.B.)
| | - Esten N. Vandsemb
- Center for Myeloma Research, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway; (S.E.); (E.N.V.); (M.B.)
| | - Magne Børset
- Center for Myeloma Research, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway; (S.E.); (E.N.V.); (M.B.)
- Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, St. Olav’s University Hospital, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Berit Johansen
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway; (F.J.A.); (A.J.F.)
- Correspondence: (N.M.); (B.J.)
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24
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Cao L, Wang X, Zhu G, Li S, Wang H, Wu J, Lu T, Li J. Traditional Chinese Medicine Therapy for Esophageal Cancer: A Literature Review. Integr Cancer Ther 2021; 20:15347354211061720. [PMID: 34825600 PMCID: PMC8649093 DOI: 10.1177/15347354211061720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC) is the sixth leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Western medicine has played a leading role in its treatment, but its prognosis remains unsatisfactory. Therefore, the development of effective therapies is important. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been practiced for thousands of years, and involves taking measures before diseases occur, deteriorate, and recur. Interestingly, there is growing evidence that TCM can improve the therapeutic effects in reversing precancerous lesions, inhibiting the recurrence and metastasis of EC. In this article, we review traditional Chinese herbs and formulas that have preventive and therapeutic effects on EC, summarize the application and research status of TCM in patients with EC, and discuss its shortcomings and prospects in the context of translational, evidence-based, and precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luchang Cao
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinmiao Wang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guanghui Zhu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shixin Li
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Heping Wang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jingyuan Wu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Taicheng Lu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Li
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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25
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Jeong JH, Ryu JH, Lee HJ. In Vitro Inhibition of Piper nigrum and Piperine on Growth, Migration, and Invasion of PANC-1 Human Pancreatic Cancer Cells. Nat Prod Commun 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x211057694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Several dietary and medicinal herbs have been shown to be effective in the treatment and prevention of cancer. Although Piper nigrum has been shown to have anti-cancer activities against various cancer cells, its anti-pancreatic cancer properties have not been reported. In the present study, P. nigrum extract (PNE) inhibited proliferation of PANC-1 human pancreatic cancer cells. Flow cytometry showed G0/G1 arrest caused by PNE in PANC-1 cells. In addition, Western blot analysis showed that PNE suppressed the protein levels of cell cycle regulators such as cyclin B1, cyclin D1, survivin, and Forkhead box M1 (FoxM1). These findings suggested that the inhibitory activity of PNE against the growth of PANC-1 cells was correlated with cell cycle arrest and repression of cell cycle regulators. Wound healing and trans-well assays showed that PNE suppressed migration and invasion of PANC-1 cells. Piperine, a major alkaloid of Piper nigrum, was identified as the main component of PNE by HPLC analysis. Piperine also attenuated the cell growth, migration, and invasion of PANC-1 cells, suggesting its contribution to the anti-pancreatic cancer effects of PNE. These results demonstrate that PNE and its major constituent, piperine, have anti-pancreatic cancer properties such as growth-inhibition, anti-migration, and anti-invasion of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hye Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Ha Ryu
- College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hwa Jin Lee
- School of Industrial Bio-Pharmaceutical Science, Semyung University, Jecheon, Korea
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26
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STAT1-Induced Upregulation lncRNA LINC00958 Accelerates the Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Tumorigenesis by Regulating Wnt/ β-Catenin Signaling. DISEASE MARKERS 2021; 2021:1405045. [PMID: 34790276 PMCID: PMC8592733 DOI: 10.1155/2021/1405045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Growing studies have demonstrated that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in tumor progression. In this study, we aimed to explore the potential roles of lncRNA LINC00958 (LINC00958) and its biological functions in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Methods The expression of LINC00958 in 11 cases of EOC and adjacent nontumor specimens and five cell lines was detected by qRT-PCR. CCK-8, colony formation, and flow cytometry assays were conducted to study the cell viabilities of EOC cells. Wound scratch and transwell analyses were carried out for the examination of cell invasion and migration of EOC cells. The targeting associations between LINC00958 and STAT1 were demonstrated by ChIP analyses combined with luciferase reporter assays. The related proteins of Wnt/β-catenin signaling were determined using RT-PCR. Results Higher levels of LINC00958 were observed in EOC tissues and cell lines. Our data also revealed that high LINC00958 expression was partly induced by STAT1. Functionally, knockdown of LINC00958 suppressed the proliferation, migration, and invasion of EOC cells. Mechanistic investigation showed that the inhibitory effect of LINC00958 knockdown on EOC cells was mediated by the Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Conclusion Our findings suggested that STAT1-induced overexpression of LINC00958 promoted EOC progression by modulating Wnt/β-catenin signaling.
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27
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Designer Exosomes: Smart Nano-Communication Tools for Translational Medicine. Bioengineering (Basel) 2021; 8:bioengineering8110158. [PMID: 34821724 PMCID: PMC8615258 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering8110158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are the master transporters of genes, RNAs, microRNAs, proteins, and lipids. They have applications in major diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular diseases, neurological disorders, and diabetes mellitus. Delivery of the exosomes to recipient cells is governed by the functional heterogenicity of the tissues. Engineered exosomes are promising tools in tissue regeneration. In addition to their role as intracellular communication cargos, exosomes are increasingly primed as standard biomarkers in the progression of diseases, thereby solving the diagnostic dilemma. Futuristic empowerment of exosomes with OMICS strategy can undoubtedly be a bio-tool in translational medicine. This review discusses the advent transformation of exosomes in regenerative medicine and limitations that are caveats to broader applications in clinical use.
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28
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Zeng J, Wu H, Huang Q, Li J, Yu Z, Zhong Z. Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPYD) gene c.1627A>G A/G and G/G genotypes are risk factors for lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis of colorectal cancer. J Clin Lab Anal 2021; 35:e24023. [PMID: 34612540 PMCID: PMC8605172 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) acts as the key enzyme catabolizing pyrimidines, and may affect the tumor progression. DPYD gene mutations affect DPD activity. The relationship between DPYD IVS14+1G>A, c.1627A>G, c.85T>C and lymph node metastasis (LNM) and distant metastasis (DM) of colorectal cancer (CRC) was investigated. METHODS A total of 537 CRC patients were enrolled in this study. DPYD polymorphisms were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-Sanger sequencing. The relationship between DPYD genotypes and clinical features of patients, metastasis of CRC was analyzed. RESULTS About DPYD c.1627A>G, A/A (57.7%) was the most common genotype, followed by A/G (35.6%), G/G (6.7%) genotypes. In c.85T>C, T/T, T/C, and C/C genotypes are accounted for 83.6%, 16.0%, and 0.4%, respectively. Logistic regression analysis revealed that DPYD c.1627A>G A/G and G/G genotypes in the dominant model (A/G + G/G vs. A/A) were significant risk factors for the LNM (p = 0.029, OR 1.506, 95% CI = 1.048-2.165) and DM (p = 0.039, OR 1.588, 95% CI = 1.041-2.423) of CRC. In addition, DPYD c.1627A>G polymorphism was more common in patients with abnormal serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) (>5 ng/ml) (p = 0.003) or carbohydrate antigen 24-2 (CA24-2) (>20 U/ml) level (p = 0.015). CONCLUSIONS The results suggested that DPYD c.1627A>G A/G, G/G genotypes are associated with increased risk of LNM and DM of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanzi Zeng
- Department of OncologyMeizhou People’s Hospital (Huangtang Hospital)Meizhou Academy of Medical SciencesMeizhouChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka PopulationMeizhou People’s Hospital (Huangtang Hospital)Meizhou Academy of Medical SciencesMeizhouChina
| | - Heming Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka PopulationMeizhou People’s Hospital (Huangtang Hospital)Meizhou Academy of Medical SciencesMeizhouChina
- Center for Precision MedicineMeizhou People’s Hospital (Huangtang Hospital)Meizhou Academy of Medical SciencesMeizhouChina
| | - Qingyan Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka PopulationMeizhou People’s Hospital (Huangtang Hospital)Meizhou Academy of Medical SciencesMeizhouChina
- Center for Precision MedicineMeizhou People’s Hospital (Huangtang Hospital)Meizhou Academy of Medical SciencesMeizhouChina
| | - Jiaquan Li
- Department of OncologyMeizhou People’s Hospital (Huangtang Hospital)Meizhou Academy of Medical SciencesMeizhouChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka PopulationMeizhou People’s Hospital (Huangtang Hospital)Meizhou Academy of Medical SciencesMeizhouChina
| | - Zhikang Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka PopulationMeizhou People’s Hospital (Huangtang Hospital)Meizhou Academy of Medical SciencesMeizhouChina
- Center for Precision MedicineMeizhou People’s Hospital (Huangtang Hospital)Meizhou Academy of Medical SciencesMeizhouChina
| | - Zhixiong Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka PopulationMeizhou People’s Hospital (Huangtang Hospital)Meizhou Academy of Medical SciencesMeizhouChina
- Center for Precision MedicineMeizhou People’s Hospital (Huangtang Hospital)Meizhou Academy of Medical SciencesMeizhouChina
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29
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Gonçalves DA, Jasiulionis MG, de Melo FHM. The Role of the BH4 Cofactor in Nitric Oxide Synthase Activity and Cancer Progression: Two Sides of the Same Coin. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9546. [PMID: 34502450 PMCID: PMC8431490 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer development is associated with abnormal proliferation, genetic instability, cell death resistance, metabolic reprogramming, immunity evasion, and metastasis. These alterations are triggered by genetic and epigenetic alterations in genes that control cell homeostasis. Increased reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS, RNS) induced by different enzymes and reactions with distinct molecules contribute to malignant transformation and tumor progression by modifying DNA, proteins, and lipids, altering their activities. Nitric oxide synthase plays a central role in oncogenic signaling modulation and redox landscape. Overexpression of the three NOS isoforms has been found in innumerous types of cancer contributing to tumor growth and development. Although the main function of NOS is the production of nitric oxide (NO), it can be a source of ROS in some pathological conditions. Decreased tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) cofactor availability is involved in NOS dysfunction, leading to ROS production and reduced levels of NO. The regulation of NOSs by BH4 in cancer is controversial since BH4 has been reported as a pro-tumoral or an antitumoral molecule. Therefore, in this review, the role of BH4 in the control of NOS activity and its involvement in the capabilities acquired along tumor progression of different cancers was described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Assis Gonçalves
- Micro-Imuno-Parasitology Department, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04023-062, Brazil;
- Department of Parasitology, Microbiology and Immunology, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Brazil
| | | | - Fabiana Henriques Machado de Melo
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
- Institute of Medical Assistance to Public Servants of the State (IAMSPE), São Paulo 04039-000, Brazil
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30
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Zhao Y, Bilal M, Qindeel M, Khan MI, Dhama K, Iqbal HMN. Nanotechnology-based immunotherapies to combat cancer metastasis. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:6563-6580. [PMID: 34424444 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06660-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Emerging concepts in nanotechnology have gained particular attention for their clinical translation of immunotherapies of cancer, autoimmune and infectious diseases. Several nanoconstructs have been engineered with unique structural, physicochemical, and functional features as robust alternatives for conventional chemotherapies. Traditional cancer therapies like chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and ultimately surgery are the most widely practiced in biomedical settings. Biomaterials and nanotechnology have introduced vehicles for drug delivery and have revolutionized the concept of the modern immunotherapeutic paradigm. Various types of nanomaterials, such as nanoparticles and, more specifically, drug-loaded nanoparticles are becoming famous for drug delivery applications because of safety, patient compliance, and smart action. Such therapeutic modalities have acknowledged regulatory endorsement and are being used in twenty-first-century clinical settings. Considering the emerging concepts and landscaping potentialities, herein, we spotlight and discuss nanoparticle-based immunotherapies as a smart and sophisticated drug delivery approach to combat cancer metastasis. The introductory part of this manuscript discusses a broad overview of cancer immunotherapy to understand better the tumor microenvironment and nanotechnology-oriented immunomodulatory strategies to cope with advanced-stage cancers. Following that, most addressable problems allied with conventional immunotherapies are given in comparison to nanoparticle-based immunotherapies. The later half of this work comprehensively highlights the requisite delivery of various bioactive entities with particular cases and examples. Finally, this review also encompasses a comprehensive concluding overview and future standpoints to strengthen a successful clinical translation of nanoparticle-based immunotherapies as a smart and sophisticated drug delivery approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuping Zhao
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, 223003, China.
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, 223003, China
| | - Maimoona Qindeel
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
- Hamdard Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hamdard University Islamabad Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Imran Khan
- Hefei National Lab for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and the Centers for Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, Anhui, China
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243 122, India
| | - Hafiz M N Iqbal
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, 64849, Monterrey, Mexico.
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31
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FASN Knockdown Inhibited Anoikis Resistance of Gastric Cancer Cells via P-ERK1/2/Bcl-xL Pathway. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2021; 2021:6674204. [PMID: 34456997 PMCID: PMC8390150 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6674204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Anoikis resistance (AR) is a crucial step in tumor metastasis. The overexpression of fatty acid synthase (FASN) is not only related to the AR of osteosarcoma cells, but also evidenced on gastric cancer (GC). This study investigated the role of FASN in the AR of GC cells. Plates coated with poly-HEMA were used for the culture of cells with AR. Small interfering RNA targeting FASN (siFASN) was transfected into MNK-45 and AGS cells. The number and apoptosis of cells were assessed by a hemacytometer and Annexin-V-FITC/PI assay, respectively. Aggregated cells and colony numbers were manually counted under a microscope. The migration and invasion rates were measured via wound healing and Transwell invasion assays, respectively. The levels of FASN, phosphorylated (p)-ERK1/2, ERK1/2 and Bcl-xL were detected through western blot or quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The results showed that the cell numbers of MNK-45 and AGS were increased while that of GES-1 cell was decreased during the culture in suspension. A higher apoptosis rate and a smaller number of aggregated cells were observed in GES-1 cells in comparison with MNK-45 and AGS cells. A larger colony number, greater migration and invasion rates, and higher mRNA and protein expressions of FASN were presented in the AR group compared with the control group. Cells transfected with siFASN possessed lower migration and invasion rates, reduced expressions of FASN mRNA and protein, p-ERK1/2 and Bcl-xL, and induced a significantly declined ratio of p-ERK1/2 to ERK1/2. These findings suggest that down-regulation of FASN suppresses the AR of GC cells, which may be related to the inhibition of p-ERK1/2/Bcl-xL pathway.
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32
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Wu C, Ding X, Li Z, Huang Y, Xu Q, Zou R, Zhao M, Chang H, Jiang C, La X, Lin G, Li W, Xue L. CtBP modulates Snail-mediated tumor invasion in Drosophila. Cell Death Discov 2021; 7:202. [PMID: 34349099 PMCID: PMC8339073 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-021-00516-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most fatal diseases that threaten human health, whereas more than 90% mortality of cancer patients is caused by tumor metastasis, rather than the growth of primary tumors. Thus, how to effectively control or even reverse the migration of tumor cells is of great significance for cancer therapy. CtBP, a transcriptional cofactor displaying high expression in a variety of human cancers, has become one of the main targets for cancer prediction, diagnosis, and treatment. The roles of CtBP in promoting tumorigenesis have been well studied in vitro, mostly based on gain-of-function, while its physiological functions in tumor invasion and the underlying mechanism remain largely elusive. Snail (Sna) is a well-known transcription factor involved in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and tumor invasion, yet the mechanism that regulates Sna activity has not been fully understood. Using Drosophila as a model organism, we found that depletion of CtBP or snail (sna) suppressed RasV12/lgl-/--triggered tumor growth and invasion, and disrupted cell polarity-induced invasive cell migration. In addition, loss of CtBP inhibits RasV12/Sna-induced tumor invasion and Sna-mediated invasive cell migration. Furthermore, both CtBP and Sna are physiologically required for developmental cell migration during thorax closure. Finally, Sna activates the JNK signaling and promotes JNK-dependent cell invasion. Given that CtBP physically interacts with Sna, our data suggest that CtBP and Sna may form a transcriptional complex that regulates JNK-dependent tumor invasion and cell migration in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Wu
- The First Rehabilitation Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Diseases Research, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.,College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, North China University of Science and Technology, 21 Bohai Road, Tangshan, 063210, China
| | - Xiang Ding
- The First Rehabilitation Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Diseases Research, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Zhuojie Li
- The First Rehabilitation Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Diseases Research, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yuanyuan Huang
- The First Rehabilitation Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Diseases Research, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Qian Xu
- College of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Rui Zou
- The First Rehabilitation Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Diseases Research, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Mingyang Zhao
- The First Rehabilitation Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Diseases Research, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Hong Chang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, North China University of Science and Technology, 21 Bohai Road, Tangshan, 063210, China
| | - Chunhua Jiang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, North China University of Science and Technology, 21 Bohai Road, Tangshan, 063210, China
| | - Xiaojin La
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, North China University of Science and Technology, 21 Bohai Road, Tangshan, 063210, China
| | - Gufa Lin
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Wenzhe Li
- The First Rehabilitation Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Diseases Research, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Lei Xue
- The First Rehabilitation Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Diseases Research, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China. .,Zhuhai Interventional Medical Center, Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 51900, China.
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Hipólito A, Martins F, Mendes C, Lopes-Coelho F, Serpa J. Molecular and Metabolic Reprogramming: Pulling the Strings Toward Tumor Metastasis. Front Oncol 2021; 11:656851. [PMID: 34150624 PMCID: PMC8209414 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.656851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is a major hurdle to the efficient treatment of cancer, accounting for the great majority of cancer-related deaths. Although several studies have disclosed the detailed mechanisms underlying primary tumor formation, the emergence of metastatic disease remains poorly understood. This multistep process encompasses the dissemination of cancer cells to distant organs, followed by their adaptation to foreign microenvironments and establishment in secondary tumors. During the last decades, it was discovered that these events may be favored by particular metabolic patterns, which are dependent on reprogrammed signaling pathways in cancer cells while they acquire metastatic traits. In this review, we present current knowledge of molecular mechanisms that coordinate the crosstalk between metastatic signaling and cellular metabolism. The recent findings involving the contribution of crucial metabolic pathways involved in the bioenergetics and biosynthesis control in metastatic cells are summarized. Finally, we highlight new promising metabolism-based therapeutic strategies as a putative way of impairing metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Hipólito
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular (UIPM), Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil (IPOLFG), Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Filipa Martins
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular (UIPM), Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil (IPOLFG), Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Cindy Mendes
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular (UIPM), Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil (IPOLFG), Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Filipa Lopes-Coelho
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular (UIPM), Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil (IPOLFG), Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Jacinta Serpa
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular (UIPM), Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil (IPOLFG), Lisboa, Portugal
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Wang B, Zhang XL, Li CX, Liu NN, Hu M, Gong ZC. ANLN promotes carcinogenesis in oral cancer by regulating the PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway. Head Face Med 2021; 17:18. [PMID: 34082790 PMCID: PMC8173900 DOI: 10.1186/s13005-021-00269-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oral cancer is a malignant disease that threatenshuman life and greatly reducespatientquality of life. ANLN was reported to promote the progression of cancer. This study aims to investigate the role of ANLNin oral cancer and the underlying molecular mechanism. Methods ANLN expression was downregulated by RNAi technology. The effect of ANLN on cell behaviors, including proliferation, cell cycle progression, invasion, and apoptosis, was detected. Western blotting analysis was used to explore the mechanism by whichANLN functions in oral cancer. Results Data from TCGA database showed that ANLN was expressed at significantly higher levels in tumor tissues thanin normal control tissues. Patients with higher ANLN expression exhibitedshorter survivaltimes. ANLN was alsoabundantly expressedin the cancer cell lines CAL27 and HN30. When ANLN was knocked down in CAL27 and HN30 cells, cell proliferation and colony formation weredecreased. The cell invasion ability was also inhibited. However, the cell apoptosis rate was increased. In addition, the levels of critical members of the PI3K signaling pathway, includingPI3K, mTOR, Akt, and PDK-1, were significantlyreducedafter ANLN was knocked down in CAL27 cells. Conclusions ANLN contributes to oral cancerprogressionand affects activation ofthe PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway. This study providesa new potential targetfor drug development and treatment in oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Wang
- Oncological Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Xinjiang Medical University Affiliated First Hospital, Stomatological School of Xinjiang Medical University, Stomatology Research Institute of Xinjiang Province, No.137 Liyushan South Road, 830054, Urumqi, PR China
| | - Xiao-Li Zhang
- People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, 830001, Urumqi, PR China
| | - Chen-Xi Li
- Oncological Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Xinjiang Medical University Affiliated First Hospital, Stomatological School of Xinjiang Medical University, Stomatology Research Institute of Xinjiang Province, No.137 Liyushan South Road, 830054, Urumqi, PR China. .,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Laboratory for Tumor Genetics and Regenerative Medicine, The Head and Neurocenter, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Ning-Ning Liu
- Department of Prosthodontia, Xinjiang Medical University Affiliated First Hospital, 830054, Urumqi, PR China
| | - Min Hu
- Urumqi Myour Dental Clinic, 830002, Urumqi, PR China
| | - Zhong-Cheng Gong
- Oncological Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Xinjiang Medical University Affiliated First Hospital, Stomatological School of Xinjiang Medical University, Stomatology Research Institute of Xinjiang Province, No.137 Liyushan South Road, 830054, Urumqi, PR China.
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Zhao Y, Zheng X, Zheng Y, Chen Y, Fei W, Wang F, Zheng C. Extracellular Matrix: Emerging Roles and Potential Therapeutic Targets for Breast Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:650453. [PMID: 33968752 PMCID: PMC8100244 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.650453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence shows that the extracellular matrix (ECM) is an important regulator of breast cancer (BC). The ECM comprises of highly variable and dynamic components. Compared with normal breast tissue under homeostasis, the ECM undergoes many changes in composition and organization during BC progression. Induced ECM proteins, including fibrinogen, fibronectin, hyaluronic acid, and matricellular proteins, have been identified as important components of BC metastatic cells in recent years. These proteins play major roles in BC progression, invasion, and metastasis. Importantly, several specific ECM molecules, receptors, and remodeling enzymes are involved in promoting resistance to therapeutic intervention. Additional analysis of these ECM proteins and their downstream signaling pathways may reveal promising therapeutic targets against BC. These potential drug targets may be combined with new nanoparticle technologies. This review summarizes recent advances in functional nanoparticles that target the ECM to treat BC. Accurate nanomaterials may offer a new approach to BC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunchun Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Lab Women's Reproductive Health, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoling Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Lab Women's Reproductive Health, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongquan Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Lab Women's Reproductive Health, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Lab Women's Reproductive Health, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weidong Fei
- Department of Pharmacy, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Lab Women's Reproductive Health, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fengmei Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Lab Women's Reproductive Health, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Caihong Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Lab Women's Reproductive Health, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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de Oliveira SA, Borges R, dos Santos Rosa D, de Souza ACS, Seabra AB, Baino F, Marchi J. Strategies for Cancer Treatment Based on Photonic Nanomedicine. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14061435. [PMID: 33809479 PMCID: PMC8001287 DOI: 10.3390/ma14061435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Traditional cancer treatments, such as surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, are still the most effective clinical practice options. However, these treatments may display moderate to severe side effects caused by their low temporal or spatial resolution. In this sense, photonic nanomedicine therapies have been arising as an alternative to traditional cancer treatments since they display more control of temporal and spatial resolution, thereby yielding fewer side effects. In this work, we reviewed the challenge of current cancer treatments, using the PubMed and Web of Science database, focusing on the advances of three prominent therapies approached by photonic nanomedicine: (i) photothermal therapy; (ii) photodynamic therapy; (iii) photoresponsive drug delivery systems. These photonic nanomedicines act on the cancer cells through different mechanisms, such as hyperthermic effect and delivery of chemotherapeutics and species that cause oxidative stress. Furthermore, we covered the recent advances in materials science applied in photonic nanomedicine, highlighting the main classes of materials used in each therapy, their applications in the context of cancer treatment, as well as their advantages, limitations, and future perspectives. Finally, although some photonic nanomedicines are undergoing clinical trials, their effectiveness in cancer treatment have already been highlighted by pre-clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sueli Aparecida de Oliveira
- Centro de Engenharia, Modelagem e Ciências Sociais Aplicadas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Avenida dos Estados, 5001 Santa Terezinha, Santo André 09210580, Brazil; (S.A.d.O.); (D.d.S.R.)
| | - Roger Borges
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Avenida dos Estados, 5001 Santa Terezinha, Santo André 09210580, Brazil; (R.B.); (A.C.S.d.S.); (A.B.S.)
| | - Derval dos Santos Rosa
- Centro de Engenharia, Modelagem e Ciências Sociais Aplicadas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Avenida dos Estados, 5001 Santa Terezinha, Santo André 09210580, Brazil; (S.A.d.O.); (D.d.S.R.)
| | - Ana Carolina Santos de Souza
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Avenida dos Estados, 5001 Santa Terezinha, Santo André 09210580, Brazil; (R.B.); (A.C.S.d.S.); (A.B.S.)
| | - Amedea B. Seabra
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Avenida dos Estados, 5001 Santa Terezinha, Santo André 09210580, Brazil; (R.B.); (A.C.S.d.S.); (A.B.S.)
| | - Francesco Baino
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Institute of Materials Physics and Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 10129 Torino, Italy;
| | - Juliana Marchi
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Avenida dos Estados, 5001 Santa Terezinha, Santo André 09210580, Brazil; (R.B.); (A.C.S.d.S.); (A.B.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-11-3356-7588
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Chen YC, Dinavahi SS, Feng Q, Gowda R, Ramisetti S, Xia X, LaPenna KB, Chirasani VR, Cho SH, Hafenstein SL, Battu MB, Berg A, Sharma AK, Kirchhausen T, Dokholyan NV, Amin S, He P, Robertson GP. Activating Sphingosine-1-phospahte signaling in endothelial cells increases myosin light chain phosphorylation to decrease endothelial permeability thereby inhibiting cancer metastasis. Cancer Lett 2021; 506:107-119. [PMID: 33600895 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Targeting the metastatic process to prevent disease dissemination in cancer remains challenging. One step in the metastatic cascade involves cancer cells transiting through the vascular endothelium after inflammation has increased the permeability of this cellular layer. Reducing inflammation-mediated gaps in the vascular endothelium could potentially be used to retard metastasis. This study describes the development of a novel ASR396-containing nanoparticle designed to activate the Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptor 1 (S1PR1) in order to tighten the junctions between the endothelial cells lining the vascular endothelium thereby inhibiting metastasis. ASR396 was derived from the S1PR1 agonist SEW2871 through chemical modification enabling the new compound to be loaded into a nanoliposome. ASR396 retained S1PR1 binding activity and the nanoliposomal formulation (nanoASR396) made it systemically bioavailable upon intravenous injection. Studies conducted in microvessels demonstrated that nanoASR396 significantly attenuated inflammatory mediator-induced permeability increase through the S1PR1 activation. Similarly, nanoASR396 inhibited gap formation mediated by inflammatory agents on an endothelial cell monolayer by decreasing levels of phosphorylated myosin light chain protein thereby inhibiting cellular contractility. In animal models, nanoASR396 inhibited lung metastasis by up to 80%, indicating its potential for retarding melanoma metastasis. Thus, a novel bioavailable nanoparticle-based S1PR1 agonist has been developed to negate the effects of inflammatory mediators on the vascular endothelium in order to reduce the metastatic dissemination of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chi Chen
- Departments of Pharmacology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Saketh S Dinavahi
- Departments of Pharmacology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Qilong Feng
- Departments of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Raghavendra Gowda
- Departments of Pharmacology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Srinivasa Ramisetti
- Departments of Pharmacology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Xinghai Xia
- Departments of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Kyle B LaPenna
- Departments of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Venkat R Chirasani
- Departments of Pharmacology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Sung Hyun Cho
- The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Susan L Hafenstein
- Departments of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | | | - Arthur Berg
- Departments of Public Health Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Arun K Sharma
- Departments of Pharmacology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Tom Kirchhausen
- Departments of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School and Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine at Boston Children's Hospital, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Nikolay V Dokholyan
- Departments of Pharmacology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA; Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Shantu Amin
- Departments of Pharmacology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA.
| | - Pingnian He
- Departments of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA.
| | - Gavin P Robertson
- Departments of Pharmacology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA; Departments of Departments of Pathology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA; Departments of Dermatology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA; Departments of Surgery, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA; The Foreman Foundation for Melanoma Research, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA; The Melanoma and Skin Cancer Center, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA; The Melanoma Therapeutics Program, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA.
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da Silva Barbosa J, Palhares LCGF, Silva CHF, Sabry DA, Chavante SF, Rocha HAO. In Vitro Antitumor Potential of Sulfated Polysaccharides from Seaweed Caulerpa cupressoides var. flabellata. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 23:77-89. [PMID: 33170369 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-020-10004-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Seaweeds are important source of bioactive compounds, including sulfated polysaccharides (SP). Because of their structural heterogeneity, these compounds are promising sources of anticancer compounds. SP from brown and red seaweeds have shown antimelanoma activity in different in vitro and in vivo models. However, SP from green seaweed are still poorly evaluated. Therefore, SP were extracted from the green alga Caulerpa cupressoides var. flabellata, and their antiproliferative, anti-migratory, and inhibitory effect on melanin production on B16-F10 melanoma cells was evaluated. Cell assays, including flow cytometry, demonstrated that SP (100-1000 μg mL-1) are non-cytotoxic, do not induce apoptosis or necrosis, and do not interfere with cell cycle. However, SP (1000 μg mL-1) were found to significantly inhibit cell colony formation (80-90%), cell migration (40-75%), and melanin production (~ 20%). In summary, these results showed that SP inhibited important melanoma development events without cytotoxicity effects, suggesting that C. cupressoides may be an important source of SP with antitumor properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jefferson da Silva Barbosa
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia de Polímeros Naturais (BIOPOL), Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, 59078-970, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, 59012-570, Brazil.
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Norte (IFRN), Campus São Gonçalo do Amarante, São Gonçalo do Amarante, Rio Grande do Norte, 59291-727, Brazil.
| | - Laís Cristina Gusmão Ferreira Palhares
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, 59012-570, Brazil
| | - Cynthia Haynara Ferreira Silva
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia de Polímeros Naturais (BIOPOL), Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, 59078-970, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, 59012-570, Brazil
| | - Diego Araujo Sabry
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia de Polímeros Naturais (BIOPOL), Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, 59078-970, Brazil
| | - Suely Ferreira Chavante
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, 59012-570, Brazil
| | - Hugo Alexandre Oliveira Rocha
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia de Polímeros Naturais (BIOPOL), Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, 59078-970, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, 59012-570, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, 59012-570, Brazil.
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Hersh J, Broyles D, Capcha JMC, Dikici E, Shehadeh LA, Daunert S, Deo S. Peptide-Modified Biopolymers for Biomedical Applications. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:229-251. [PMID: 34250454 PMCID: PMC8267604 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Polymeric biomaterials have been used in a variety of applications, like cargo delivery and tissue scaffolding, because they are easily synthesized and can be adapted to many systems. However, there is still a need to further enhance and improve their functions to progress their use in the biomedical field. A promising solution is to modify the polymer surfaces with peptides that can increase biocompatibility, cellular interactions, and receptor targeting. In recent years, peptide modifications have been used to overcome many challenges to polymer biomaterial development. This review discusses recent progress in developing peptide-modified polymers for therapeutic applications including cell-specific targeting and tissue engineering. Furthermore, we will explore some of the most frequently studied base components of these biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Hersh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136, United States
| | - David Broyles
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136, United States
| | - José Manuel Condor Capcha
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136, United States
| | - Emre Dikici
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136, United States
| | - Lina A Shehadeh
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute and Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136, United States
| | - Sylvia Daunert
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136, United States
| | - Sapna Deo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136, United States
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Nie XC, He F, Lan C, Niu JM, Xia P. Combined Serum DKK3 and Circulating CD133 Cells as Prognostic Biomarkers for Ovarian Cancer Patients. Onco Targets Ther 2021; 14:427-434. [PMID: 33488097 PMCID: PMC7814242 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s288191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Ovarian cancer (OV) can seriously endanger women’s physical and mental health. Serum DKK3 has been used for the diagnosis and prognosis of patients with ovarian cancer. However, the specificity of antibodies may lead to errors in the detection of plasma protein. Methods Circulating CD133+ cells from blood samples were separated by magnetic microbeads. Serum DKK3 levels were determined by ELISA. The roles of DKK3 in OV cells were analyzed in vitro. Results In this study, we found that the CD133+ subpopulation in circulating tumor cells can indicate the overall survival rate of OV patients. Serum DKK3 levels were negatively correlated with the number of circulating CD133+ cells in OV patients. In addition, we confirmed the inhibitory effect of recombinant human DKK3 (rhDKK3) on OV cells via reversal of the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. Conclusion Both serum DKK3 levels and circulating CD133+ tumor cells can be used as prognostic markers for patients with ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Cui Nie
- Department of Gynaecology, Shenyang Women's and Children's Hospital, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang He
- Department of Gynaecology, Shenyang Women's and Children's Hospital, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Chong Lan
- Department of Gynaecology, Shenyang Women's and Children's Hospital, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Ju-Min Niu
- Department of Gynaecology, Shenyang Women's and Children's Hospital, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Pu Xia
- Biological Anthropology Institute, Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
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El-Mais N, Fakhoury I, Abdellatef S, Abi-Habib R, El-Sibai M. Human recombinant arginase I [HuArgI (Co)-PEG5000]-induced arginine depletion inhibits ovarian cancer cell adhesion and migration through autophagy-mediated inhibition of RhoA. J Ovarian Res 2021; 14:13. [PMID: 33423701 PMCID: PMC7798344 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-021-00767-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian carcinoma is the second most common malignancy of the female reproductive system and the leading cause of death from female reproductive system malignancies. Cancer cells have increased proliferation rate and thus require high amounts of amino acids, including arginine. L-arginine is a non-essential amino acid synthesized from L-citrulline by the Arginosuccinate synthetase (ASS1) enzyme. We have previously shown that the ovarian cancer cells, SKOV3, are auxotrophic to arginine, and that arginine deprivation by treatment with the genetically engineered human arginase I (HuArgI (Co)-PEG5000) triggers the death of SKOV3 cells by autophagy. In this study we examine the effect of HuArgI (Co)-PEG5000 on ovarian cancer cell migration and we dissect the mechanism involved. Wound healing assays, 2D random cell migration assays and cell adhesion analysis indicate that arginine deprivation decreases SKOV3 cell migration and adhesion. This effect was mimicked when autophagy was induced through rapamycin and reversed with the autophagy inhibitor chloroquine when autophagy was inhibited. This proved that arginine deprivation leads to the inhibition of cancer cell migration through autophagy, in addition to cell death. In addition, we were able to establish through pull-down assays and reversal experiments, that arginine deprivation-mediated autophagy inhibits cell migration through a direct inhibition of RhoA, member of the Rho family of GTPases. In conclusion, here we identify, for the first time, an autophagy-mediated inhibition of RhoA that plays an important role in regulating ovarian cancer cells motility and adhesion in response to arginine depletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nour El-Mais
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, P.O. Box: 13-5053, Chouran, Beirut, 1102 2801, Lebanon
| | - Isabelle Fakhoury
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, P.O. Box: 13-5053, Chouran, Beirut, 1102 2801, Lebanon
| | - Sandra Abdellatef
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, P.O. Box: 13-5053, Chouran, Beirut, 1102 2801, Lebanon
| | - Ralph Abi-Habib
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, P.O. Box: 13-5053, Chouran, Beirut, 1102 2801, Lebanon
| | - Mirvat El-Sibai
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, P.O. Box: 13-5053, Chouran, Beirut, 1102 2801, Lebanon.
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Jaafar L, Fakhoury I, Saab S, El-Hajjar L, Abou-Kheir W, El-Sibai M. StarD13 differentially regulates migration and invasion in prostate cancer cells. Hum Cell 2021; 34:607-623. [PMID: 33420961 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-020-00479-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer in men and one of the main leading causes of cancer deaths among men worldwide. Rapid uncontrolled growth and the ability to metastasize to other sites are key hallmarks in cancer development and progression. The Rho family of GTPases and its activators the GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) are required for regulating cancer cell proliferation and migration. StarD13 is a GAP for Rho GTPases, specifically for RhoA and Cdc42. We have previously shown that StarD13 acts as a tumor suppressor in astrocytoma as well as breast and colorectal cancer. In this study, we performed a functional comparative analysis of StarD13 targets/and or interacting molecules to understand the general role that StarD13 plays in cancers. Our data highlight the importance of StarD13 in modulating several hallmarks of cancer. Findings from database mining and immunohistochemistry revealed that StarD13 is underexpressed in prostate cancers, in addition knocking down Stard13 increased cancer cell proliferation, consistent with its role as a tumor suppressor. Stard13 depletion, however, led to an increase in cell adhesion, which inhibited 2D cell migration. Most interestingly, StarD13 depletion increases invasion and matrix degradation, at least in part, through its regulation of Cdc42. Altogether, the data presented suggest that StarD13 acts as a tumor suppressor inhibiting prostate cancer cell invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Jaafar
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Chouran, P.O. Box 13-5053, Beirut, 1102 2801, Lebanon
| | - Isabelle Fakhoury
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Chouran, P.O. Box 13-5053, Beirut, 1102 2801, Lebanon
| | - Sahar Saab
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Chouran, P.O. Box 13-5053, Beirut, 1102 2801, Lebanon
| | - Layal El-Hajjar
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Wassim Abou-Kheir
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mirvat El-Sibai
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Chouran, P.O. Box 13-5053, Beirut, 1102 2801, Lebanon.
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Kim HA, Lee J. Hispidulin modulates epithelial-mesenchymal transition in breast cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2020; 21:155. [PMID: 33552273 PMCID: PMC7798102 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.12416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide. Despite the use of chemotherapeutic drugs, drug resistance has been observed in numerous patients with breast cancer. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is an important initiation step in the process of metastasis, whereby cancer cells move away from the original tumor site. Therefore, the discovery of new substances that suppress EMT is a promising avenue for cancer treatment. The present study investigated the effect of hispidulin, a polyphenolic flavonoid, on EMT in human breast cancer cells in vitro (MCF-7 and HCC38). The EMT-associated mRNA and protein expression levels were measured using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR or western blot analysis. Hispidulin treatment increased the expression levels of EMT-associated epithelial markers and decreased the expression levels of mesenchymal markers in both cells. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) treatment increased breast cancer cell viability (assessed via MTS assay) and EMT induction. However, hispidulin and TGF-β1 co-treatment increased the expression levels of E-cadherin and occludin, while downregulating vimentin expression. Additionally, hispidulin treatment inhibited TGF-β1-induced Smad2/3 signaling and cell migration in both breast cancer cell lines. Overall, the current findings suggested that hispidulin may inhibit EMT and cell migration by suppressing the Smad2/3 signaling pathway in breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun A Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Joomin Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
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Roda E, Luca FD, Locatelli CA, Ratto D, Di Iorio C, Savino E, Bottone MG, Rossi P. From a Medicinal Mushroom Blend a Direct Anticancer Effect on Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: A Preclinical Study on Lung Metastases. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25225400. [PMID: 33218180 PMCID: PMC7699227 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioactive metabolites isolated from medicinal mushrooms (MM) used as supportive treatment in conventional oncology have recently gained interest. Acting as anticancer agents, they interfere with tumor cells and microenvironment (TME), disturbing cancer development/progression. Nonetheless, their action mechanisms still need to be elucidated. Recently, using a 4T1 triple-negative mouse BC model, we demonstrated that supplementation with Micotherapy U-Care, a MM blend, produced a striking reduction of lung metastases density/number, paralleled by decreased inflammation and oxidative stress both in TME and metastases, together with QoL amelioration. We hypothesized that these effects could be due to either a direct anticancer effect and/or to a secondary/indirect impact of Micotherapy U-Care on systemic inflammation/immunomodulation. To address this question, we presently focused on apoptosis/proliferation, investigating specific molecules, i.e., PARP1, p53, BAX, Bcl2, and PCNA, whose critical role in BC is well recognized. We revealed that Micotherapy U-Care is effective to influence balance between cell death and proliferation, which appeared strictly interconnected and inversely related (p53/Bax vs. Bcl2/PARP1/PCNA expression trends). MM blend displayed a direct effect, with different efficacy extent on cancer cells and TME, forcing tumor cells to apoptosis. Yet again, this study supports the potential of MM extracts, as adjuvant supplement in the TNBC management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Roda
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (F.D.L.); (D.R.); (C.D.I.); (M.G.B.)
- Laboratory of Clinical & Experimental Toxicology, Pavia Poison Centre, National Toxicology Information Centre, Toxicology Unit, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
- Correspondence: (E.R.); (P.R.); Tel.: +39-0382-5924-14 (E.R.); +39-0382-8960-76 (P.R.)
| | - Fabrizio De Luca
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (F.D.L.); (D.R.); (C.D.I.); (M.G.B.)
| | - Carlo Alessandro Locatelli
- Laboratory of Clinical & Experimental Toxicology, Pavia Poison Centre, National Toxicology Information Centre, Toxicology Unit, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Daniela Ratto
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (F.D.L.); (D.R.); (C.D.I.); (M.G.B.)
| | - Carmine Di Iorio
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (F.D.L.); (D.R.); (C.D.I.); (M.G.B.)
| | - Elena Savino
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Maria Grazia Bottone
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (F.D.L.); (D.R.); (C.D.I.); (M.G.B.)
| | - Paola Rossi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (F.D.L.); (D.R.); (C.D.I.); (M.G.B.)
- Correspondence: (E.R.); (P.R.); Tel.: +39-0382-5924-14 (E.R.); +39-0382-8960-76 (P.R.)
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Pączek S, Łukaszewicz-Zając M, Mroczko B. Chemokines-What Is Their Role in Colorectal Cancer? Cancer Control 2020; 27:1073274820903384. [PMID: 32103675 PMCID: PMC7066593 DOI: 10.1177/1073274820903384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death. It
is the second most frequently diagnosed malignancy in Europe and third
worldwide. Colorectal malignancies diagnosed at an early stage offer a promising
survival rate. However, advanced tumors often present distant metastases even
after the complete resection of a primary tumor. Therefore, novel biomarkers of
CRC are sorely needed in the diagnosis and prognosis of this common malignancy.
A family of chemokines are composed of small, secreted proteins. They are best
known for their ability to stimulate the migration of several cell types. Some
investigations have indicated that chemokines are involved in cancer
development, including CRC. This article presents current knowledge regarding
chemokines and their specific receptors in CRC progression. Moreover, the prime
aim of this review is to summarize the potential role of these proteins as
biomarkers in the diagnosis and prognosis of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Pączek
- Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland
| | | | - Barbara Mroczko
- Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland.,Department of Neurodegeneration Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland
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Lian Y, Wen D, Meng X, Wang X, Li H, Hao L, Xue H, Zhao J. Inhibition of invadopodia formation by diosgenin in tumor cells. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:283. [PMID: 33014161 PMCID: PMC7520800 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.12148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Diosgenin is a type of steroid extracted from the rhizome of Dioscorea plants. In traditional Chinese medicine, Dioscorea has the effect of ‘eliminating phlegm, promoting digestion, relaxing tendons, promoting blood circulation and inhibiting malaria’. Recent studies have confirmed that diosgenin exhibits a number of pharmacological effects, including antitumor activities. Through its antitumor effect, diosgenin is able to block tumor progression and increase the survival rate of patients with cancer; ultimately improving their quality of life. However, the mechanism underlying its pharmacological action remains unclear. Once tumor cells reach a metastatic phase, it can be fatal. Increased migration and invasiveness are the hallmarks of metastatic tumor cells. Invadopodia formation is key to maintaining the high migration and invasive ability of tumor cells. Invadopodia are a type of membrane structure process rich in filamentous-actin and are common in highly invasive tumor cells. In addition to actin, numerous actin regulators, including cortical actin-binding protein (Cortactin), accumulate in invadopodia. Cortactin is a microfilament actin-binding protein with special repetitive domains that are directly involved in the formation of the cortical microfilament actin cell skeleton. Cortactin is also one of the main substrates of intracellular Src-type tyrosine protein kinases and represents a highly conserved family of intracellular cortical signaling proteins. In recent years, great progress has been made in understanding the role of Cortactin and its molecular mechanism in cell motility. However, the diosgenin-Cortactin-invadopodia mechanism is still under investigation. Therefore, the present review focused on the current research on the regulation of invadopodia by diosgenin via Cortactin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxin Lian
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Dezhong Wen
- Department of Medical Genetics, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoting Meng
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Xiaozhen Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Hongcheng Li
- GeneScience Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Liming Hao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Hui Xue
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Jia Zhao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
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Jiang M, Chen Q, Zhao X, Teng Y, Yin C, Yue W. Downregulation of PFTK1 Inhibits Migration and Invasion of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:9281-9289. [PMID: 33061417 PMCID: PMC7519878 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s265540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background PFTK1, a novel cyclin-dependent kinase, plays pivotal roles in tumorigenesis. Cell motility and invasiveness could be enhanced by PFTK1 in various tumors. However, the function of PFTK1 in NSCLC metastasis remains unclear. In this study, the potential role of PFTK1 in NSCLC metastasis was determined. Materials and Methods In this study, the potential function of PFTK1 in lung cancer patients was analyzed with the Kaplan–Meier plotter database. RNA interference-mediated knockdown of PFTK1 was established in two NSCLC cell lines (H1299 and 95C) to explore the role of PFTK1 in NSCLC. The efficacy of downregulation of PFTK1 was examined by Western blot and immunofluorescence. The role of PFTK1 in cell migration and invasion ability was detected by wound healing and transwell assays. The protein levels in lung cancer cells were determined by Western blot. Immunofluorescence analysis was used to evaluate the structure of filamentous actin. Results Overexpression of PFTK1 was associated with the poor survival prognosis in NSCLC patients. PFTK1 knockdown cells were constructed successfully. Suppression of PFTK1 significantly inhibited the cell migration and invasion in H1299 and 95C cells. Notably, after PFTK1 downregulation, the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers vimentin, ZEB1 and β-catenin were obviously decreased. Additionally, immunofluorescence analysis indicated that PFTK1 downregulation remarkably induced filamentous actin depolymerization. Conclusion In summary, PFTK1 could significantly promote lung cancer metastasis through changing EMT progress and modulating intracellular cytoskeleton F-actin expression. Taken together, our findings indicated that PFTK1 might serve as a novel therapeutic target for the inhibition of NSCLC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Jiang
- Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100026, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Chen
- Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100026, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoting Zhao
- Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100026, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Teng
- Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100026, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenghong Yin
- Departments of Internal Medicine, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100026, People's Republic of China
| | - Wentao Yue
- Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100026, People's Republic of China
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Zhang C, Xu G, Xu Y, Wu H, Guo X, Mao M, Baklaushev VP, Chekhonin VP, Peltzer K, Bai Y, Wang G, Ma W, Wang X. Pan-metastatic cancer analysis of prognostic factors and a prognosis-based metastatic cancer classification system. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:16046-16061. [PMID: 32889800 PMCID: PMC7485706 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to perform a pan-metastatic cancer analysis on survival and prognostic factors and to create a prognosis-based classification system. We selected distant metastasis patients from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. The associations between the characteristics of the patients at admission and overall survival were determined. A prognosis-based metastatic cancer classification was established based on the identified prognostic factors. The differences in prognosis among these categories were tested. The survival rate and prognostic factors were not consistent across cancers. Three metastatic cancer categories were generated, each with different prognoses. The prognostic differences among the categories were satisfactorily validated. Different metastatic cancer types had homogeneous and heterogeneous survival rates and prognostic factors. A prognosis-based classification system for synchronous distant metastasis cancer patients at admission was created. This classification system reflects the grade of malignancy in metastatic cancers and may guide the prediction of survival and individualized treatment. Moreover, it may have important implications for the management of synchronous metastatic cancers and aid clinicians in properly allocating medical resources to metastatic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhang
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumours, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Guijun Xu
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumours, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Yao Xu
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumours, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Haixiao Wu
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumours, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Xu Guo
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumours, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou 061000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Min Mao
- Department of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Vladimir P. Baklaushev
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Specialized Medical Care and Medical Technologies, Federal Biomedical Agency of the Russian Federation, Moscow 115682, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir P. Chekhonin
- Department of Basic and Applied Neurobiology, Federal Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Narcology, Moscow 117997, Russian Federation
| | - Karl Peltzer
- Department of Research and Innovation, University of Limpopo, Turfloop 0527, South Africa
| | - Ye Bai
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Guowen Wang
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumours, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Wenjuan Ma
- Department of Breast Imaging, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Health Management Center (Epidemiology and Biostatistics), First Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
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Zhang S, Tian R, Bei C, Zhang H, Kong J, Zheng C, Song X, Li D, Tan H, Zhu X, Tan S. Down-Regulated CMTM2 Promotes Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:5731-5741. [PMID: 32606785 PMCID: PMC7308353 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s250370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Our recent study identified that human chemokine-like factor (CKLF)-like MARVEL transmembrane domain-containing family member 2 (CMTM2) was deregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues and posed as a potential tumor suppressor. However, the mechanism of CMTM2 in HCC occurrence and development has not been well elaborated. Materials and Methods The expression of CMTM2 was knocked-down by RNA interruption in Huh-7 and SMMC7721 cells. Cell proliferation ability was detected by CCK8 test and colony formation assay. The cell invasion and migration were measured by wound healing and Transwell assay. Results We found that the cell proliferation was significantly increased by interruption of CMTM2 expression, both in Huh-7 and SMMC7721 cells. Moreover, down-regulated CMTM2 could promote the invasion and migration ability of HCC cells through inducing the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. We further discovered that both the expression of CMTM2 and the EMT-associated marker E-cadherin were decreased in the same thirty cases of HCC tissues compared with the corresponding adjacent non-tumor tissues. Pearson correlation test showed that there was a significantly positive correlation between CMTM2 and E-cadherin in HCC tissues (P<0.05). Conclusion Based on the results of cell model and HCC tissues, our study suggests that down-regulated CMTM2 promotes HCC metastasis through inducing the EMT process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shidong Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Run Tian
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunhua Bei
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Huixia Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Kong
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanjun Zheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Song
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongzhuan Tan
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410005, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaonian Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengkui Tan
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.,Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410005, People's Republic of China
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Yan Y, Yao L, Sun H, Pang S, Kong X, Zhao S, Xu S. Effects of wogonoside on invasion and migration of lung cancer A549 cells and angiogenesis in xenograft tumors of nude mice. J Thorac Dis 2020; 12:1552-1560. [PMID: 32395292 PMCID: PMC7212121 DOI: 10.21037/jtd-20-1555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background Lung cancer is the most prevalent and deadly tumors around the world. Here we aimed to investigate the effect of wogonoside (also called baicalin) on the invasion and migration of lung cancer A549 cells and angiogenesis in xenograft tumors in nude mice. Methods A549 cells of lung cancer were treated with different doses of wogonoside. After 24 h, CCK8 was used to detect the survival rate of cells. The non-toxic doses of wogonoside (0, 10, 25, and 50 µM) were selected for subsequent experiments. Transwell and scratch assays were used to detect invasion and migration. The number of microtubule nodules was detected by microtubule formation experiment, and the expressions of VEGF, E-cadherin, N-cadherin, and Vimentin were detected by Western blotting. BALB/c nude mice were subcutaneously injected with lung cancer A549 cells to establish the xenograft model, followed by intraperitoneal injection of 80 mg/kg of wogonoside. After 30 days, tumor volume was measured, and the levels of VEGF and vimentin were detected with immunohistochemistry. The level of CD34 was determined by flow sorting. Results A549 cell survival decreased in a concentration-dependent manner, with the survival rate significantly reduced when the concentration of wogonoside exceeded 100 µM (P<0.05). A549 cell invasion and the number of microtubule nodules were significantly lower in the wogonoside 20 µM and the wogonoside 50 µM groups (P<0.05) compared with the wogonoside 0 µM group, while the rate of scratch closure and the protein levels of VEGF, N-cadherin, and Vimentin were all significantly reduced (P<0.05), and the expression level of E-cadherin was significantly increased (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the tumor volumes of wogonoside (80 mg/kg) treated mice were significantly reduced after 30 days (P<0.05), and the levels of VEGF and vimentin positive cells were significantly reduced (P<0.05), as was the level of CD34 (P<0.05). Conclusions Wogonoside can inhibit the invasion and migration of lung cancer A549 cells and angiogenesis of xenograft tumors in nude mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubo Yan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150000, China
| | - Lei Yao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150000, China
| | - Haobo Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150000, China
| | - Sainan Pang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150000, China
| | - Xianglong Kong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150000, China
| | - Su Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150000, China
| | - Shidong Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150000, China
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