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Ahmad Fuad MH, Samsudin EZ, Yasin SM, Ismail N, Mohamad M, Muzaini K, Anuar MR, Govindasamy K, Ismail I, Elias A, Taib KM, Mohamed AS, Azhari Noor AF, Abdullah Hair AF. Prevalence and associated factors of suspected occupational skin diseases among restaurant workers in peninsular Malaysia: secondary data analysis of Registry for Occupational Disease Screening (RODS). BMJ Open 2024; 14:e079877. [PMID: 39142678 PMCID: PMC11331978 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-079877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Occupational skin diseases (OSDs) pose significant risks to the health and well-being of restaurant workers. However, there is presently limited evidence on the burden and determinants of OSDs among this occupational group. This research aims to estimate the prevalence and associated factors of suspected OSDs among restaurant workers in Peninsular Malaysia. DESIGN A secondary data analysis of the 2023 Registry of Occupational Disease Screening (RODS) was performed. The RODS survey tool, which included the Nordic Occupational Skin Questionnaire, a symptoms checklist and items on work-relatedness, was used to screen for OSDs. Logistic regression analyses were performed to identify associated factors. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Restaurant workers (n=300) registered in RODS from February 2023 to April 2023, aged 18 years and above and working in restaurants across Selangor, Melaka and Pahang for more than 1 year, were included in the study, whereas workers who had pre-existing skin diseases were excluded. RESULTS The prevalence of suspected OSDs among study participants was 12.3%. Higher odds of suspected OSDs among study participants were observed among those exposed to wet work (adjusted OR (AOR) 22.74, 95% CI 9.63 to 53.68) and moderate to high job stress levels (AOR 4.33, 95% CI 1.80 to 10.43). CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that OSDs are a significant occupational health problem among restaurant workers. Interventions targeting job content and wet work may be vital in reducing OSDs among this group of workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Hazim Ahmad Fuad
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ely Zarina Samsudin
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Siti Munira Yasin
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nurhuda Ismail
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mariam Mohamad
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Kamarulzaman Muzaini
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Ridzuan Anuar
- Occupational Health Division, Department of Occupational Safety and Health, Putrajaya, Malaysia
| | - Kesavan Govindasamy
- Occupational Health Section, Department of Occupational Safety and Health Pahang, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Ismassabah Ismail
- Centre of Foundation Studies, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Dengkil, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Anza Elias
- Tenaga Nasional Berhad, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Khairul Mizan Taib
- College of Computing, Informatics and Mathematics, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Anis Syamimi Mohamed
- Workplace Health and Safety Solution Hub, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Faiz Azhari Noor
- Occupational Health Division, Department of Occupational Safety and Health, Putrajaya, Malaysia
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Wei Z, Nie G, Sadik CD, Shan D. Associations between body mass index and all-cause mortality among individuals with psoriasis: results from the NHANES database retrospective cohort study. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1407454. [PMID: 38903618 PMCID: PMC11188368 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1407454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Previous findings imply a potential positive association between BMI and all-cause mortality in individuals with psoriasis, yet direct evidence remains absent. This study aimed to fill this gap. Methods We utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) for the periods 2003-2006 and 2009-2014. Participants' BMI was categorized as lean (<25), overweight (25 ≤ BMI < 30), and obese (BMI ≥ 30). Psoriasis status was determined through self-reporting. The main outcome measured was all-cause mortality up to December 2019. We accounted for multiple covariates, such as sociodemographic factors and histories of smoking and alcohol consumption. Our statistical analyses mainly included Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, Restricted Cubic Spline (RCS) and Multivariate Cox Regression (MCR). We also applied propensity score matching (PSM) to verify the robustness of our findings. Results Among 22,876 participants, 618 (2.70%) reported a history of psoriasis. An overall effect from the MCR analysis showed that, among individuals with psoriasis, a higher baseline BMI was independently associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality, noting a 5.5% rise in mortality risk per BMI unit [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.055, 95% CI: 1.004-1.110, p = 0.035]. This significant relationship persisted after PSM. A statistically significant positive correlation was consistent among males, smokers, and individuals younger than 60. However, no such association was found in individuals without a history of psoriasis. Additionally, no significant difference in mortality risk was found between lean and overweight groups with psoriasis, according to the RCS regression and stratified analysis. Conclusion Our findings indicated a trend that, higher BMIs significantly correlated with increased risks of all-cause mortality in people with psoriasis, particularly among obese ones. However, the impact of being overweight on this relationship remains underexplored. Moreover, the necessity to employ alternative metrics beyond BMI for body fat assessment to further investigate these associations is critical.
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Affiliation(s)
- ZhiHong Wei
- Department of Dermatology, Allergy, and Venereology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- School of Medicine, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - GuanHua Nie
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Christian D. Sadik
- Department of Dermatology, Allergy, and Venereology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Dan Shan
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
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Le PH, Van Phan C, Truong DTT, Ho NM, Shuyna I, Le NT. Waterpipe tobacco smoking and risk of all-cause mortality: a prospective cohort study. Int J Epidemiol 2024; 53:dyad140. [PMID: 37843876 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyad140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite an increasing proportion of smokers who use non-cigarette products, the harmfulness of these is inconsistent. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of waterpipe tobacco (WTP) smoking on all-cause mortality. METHODS A prospective cohort study followed up on 35 646 participants from 2007 to 2019 in Northern Viet Nam. Data for each type of cigarette and WTP smoking were collected based on demographic lifestyle and semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaires. Smokers were categorized as current smokers and former smokers who were lifetime ever smokers but stopped smoking >6 months before the interview. Data on all-cause mortality (2449 deaths) were obtained from medical records at the state health facilities. The hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs for mortality were estimated using a Cox proportional-hazards model. RESULTS Compared with non-smokers, ever smokers had a higher all-cause mortality risk (HR = 1.29, 95% CI = 1.16-1.43). Current WTP (HR = 1.37, 95% CI = 1.19-1.57), current cigarette (HR = 1.40, 95% CI = 1.22-1.60) and former WTP smokers (HR = 1.39, 95% CI = 1.10-1.76) showed an elevated risk of dying. The mortality risk was significantly elevated in dual smokers using WTP and cigarettes (HR = 1.55, 95% CI = 1.35-1.79) and exclusive WTP smokers (HR = 1.38, 95% CI = 1.21-1.57). Elevated risk was observed for the main targeted attractions of cancer, diabetes and heart diseases. Smoking cessation of >10 years decreased the risk of all-cause mortality (HR = 0.61, 95% CI = 0.44-0.85) and cancer (HR = 0.24, 95% CI = 0.11-0.52). CONCLUSIONS WTP smoking increases the risk of all-cause mortality. A unique programme to control exposure to WTP should be a high priority in Viet Nam and other countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuoc Hong Le
- Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Can Van Phan
- Center for Population Health Sciences, Hanoi University of Public Health, Ha Noi City, Viet Nam
| | - Dung Thuy Thi Truong
- Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
- Graduate School of Public Health, International University of Health and Welfare, Narita City, Japan
| | - Nguyet Minh Ho
- Department of Non-Communicable Disease Control, Ho Chi Minh City Center for Disease Control, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Ikeda Shuyna
- The Canon Institute for Global Studies, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, Japan
| | - Ngoan Tran Le
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang City, Viet Nam
- Department of Occupational Health, Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Ha Noi, Viet Nam
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Lim KH, Cheong YL, Lim HL, Cheong KC, Hashim MHM, Marine AA, Cheah YK, Lim JH, Mohd Ghazali S. Validity and reliability of the Malay language Perception Towards Smoking Questionnaire (BM-PTSQ) among secondary school adolescents: Further validation using Confirmatory Factor Analysis. Tob Induc Dis 2024; 22:TID-22-25. [PMID: 38268983 PMCID: PMC10807019 DOI: 10.18332/tid/176164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Perception is an essential factor influencing smoking among adolescents. Thus, a valid tool for measuring perception is a requisite in smoking studies. This study further establishes the validity and reliability of a Malay language version of the Perception Towards Smoking Questionnaire (BM-PTSQ) for assessing the perception of smoking among secondary school-going adolescents in Malaysia. METHODS We administered the BM-PTSQ to 669 secondary school students selected through multistage sampling; 60% of respondents were male (n=398), and 69.9% (n=463) were from rural areas. Respondents were aged 13-16 years, 36.4% (n=241) were 13 years, 40.0% (n=265) were 14 years, and 23.6% (n=156) were 16 years old. We used parallel and exploratory factor analysis (EFA) to determine the domains of the questionnaire. In addition, we also employed EFA, confirmatory factor analyses (CFA), and Cronbach's alpha to evaluate the construct validity and reliability of the BM-PTSQ. RESULTS EFA and parallel analysis identified two domains in the BM-PTSQ that accounted for 62.9% of the observed variance, and CFA confirmed the two-domain structure. The two domains' internal consistency scores ranged from 0.702 to 0.80, which suggested adequate reliability. CONCLUSIONS The BM-PTSQ has acceptable psychometric validity and is appropriate for assessing smoking perception and intention among Malaysian secondary school-aged youth. Researchers should further evaluate this tool's applicability in a more sociodemographically diverse population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuang Hock Lim
- Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yoon Ling Cheong
- Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hui Li Lim
- Clinical Research Centre, Hospital Sultan Ismail, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
| | - Kee Chee Cheong
- Department of Biostatistics, and Data Repository, National Institutes of Health, Shah Alam, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Hazilas Mat Hashim
- Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ali Aman Marine
- Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yong Kang Cheah
- School of Economics, Finance and Banking, College of Business, Universiti Utara Malaysia, Sintok, Malaysia
| | - Jia Hui Lim
- Pharmacy Department, Putrajaya Hospital, Putrajaya, Malaysia
| | - Sumarni Mohd Ghazali
- Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Zafar F, Wadhwa A, Kumar K, Ahmed M, Khokhar AS, Sajjad S, Oliveira Souza Lima SR, Baluch SK, Srour AK, Al-Deir SS, Shehryar A, Rehman A, Abubakar M. Smoke Signals: Unraveling the Paradoxical Impact of Smoking on Stroke Prognosis and Treatment Efficacy. Cureus 2024; 16:e52346. [PMID: 38361733 PMCID: PMC10867546 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.52346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Smoking is a well-established risk factor for stroke, yet its impact on stroke prognosis remains complex and multifaceted. This systematic review aims to elucidate the relationship between smoking and various stroke outcomes, including response to treatment and long-term recovery. We conducted a comprehensive analysis of four fundamental studies that examined the prognosis of stroke in smokers, focusing on clinical outcomes post-endovascular treatment, response to antiplatelet therapy, incidence of post-stroke delirium, and the effectiveness of thrombolysis treatment. The studies varied in design, including observational, retrospective, and post hoc trial analyses. The review reveals that smoking may paradoxically predict better clinical outcomes in specific treatment scenarios, such as post-endovascular treatment and when using clopidogrel. However, smokers also demonstrated higher rates of ischemic stroke and post-stroke delirium. Notably, the smoker's paradox in thrombolysis treatment was not supported. These findings highlight the need for personalized treatment approaches based on smoking status. Smoking has a complex and significant impact on stroke prognosis. While some benefits in specific treatment contexts were observed, the overall evidence strongly advises against smoking due to its adverse health consequences. This review underscores the importance of personalized stroke management in smokers and the integration of smoking cessation programs in post-stroke care. Future research should focus on larger, longitudinal studies to explore these associations further.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anesh Wadhwa
- Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, PAK
| | - Kabeer Kumar
- Medicine and Surgery, Chandka Medical College, Larkana, PAK
| | - Muhammad Ahmed
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, PAK
| | | | | | | | - Shariq K Baluch
- Internal Medicine, Universidad Autonoma de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, MEX
| | - Abeer K Srour
- Internal Medicine, Palestine Medical Complex, Ramallah, PSE
| | - Shadi S Al-Deir
- Internal Medicine, Misr University for Science and Technology, Amman, JOR
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