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Imawari Y, Nakanishi M. Senescence and senolysis in cancer: The latest findings. Cancer Sci 2024. [PMID: 38641866 DOI: 10.1111/cas.16184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging is a life phenomenon that occurs in most living organisms and is a major risk factor for many diseases, including cancer. Cellular senescence is a cellular trait induced by various genomic and epigenetic stresses. Senescent cells are characterized by irreversible cell growth arrest and excessive secretion of inflammatory cytokines (senescence-associated secretory phenotypes, SASP). Chronic tissue microinflammation induced by SASP contributes to the pathogenesis of a variety of age-related diseases, including cancer. Senolysis is a promising new strategy to selectively eliminate senescent cells in order to suppress chronic inflammation, suggesting its potential use as an anticancer therapy. This review summarizes recent findings on the molecular basis of senescence in cancer cells and senolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshimi Imawari
- Division of Cancer Cell Biology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Surgery, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Nakanishi
- Division of Cancer Cell Biology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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He Z, Chen M, Li Q, Luo Z, Li X. Multi-omics and tumor immune microenvironment characterization of a prognostic model based on aging-related genes in melanoma. Am J Cancer Res 2024; 14:1052-1070. [PMID: 38590405 PMCID: PMC10998739 DOI: 10.62347/uzgp9704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is a common and fatal cutaneous malignancy with strong invasiveness and high mortality rate. Clinically, elderly melanoma patients tend to exhibit stronger invasion ability and poorer prognosis. Given the heterogeneity of tumors, we analyzed the prognosis and risk assessment of melanoma through aging-related genes rather than age stratification. FOXM1 and CCL4 were identified to be closely associated with melanoma prognosis. Single-cell transcriptome analysis showed that FOXM1 was significantly up-regulated in tumor cells, while CCL4 was markedly elevated in immune cells. A melanoma prognostic model was constructed based on the two independent prognostic factors. This model showed a high accuracy in predicting the mortality of melanoma patients over several years. The patients in low-risk group appeared to have more immune cell infiltration and better immune therapy efficacy. Cellular experiments showed that CCL4 could promote apoptosis of melanoma cells through immune cells, and apoptosis could regulate the expression of FOXM1. In addition, the results of the spatial transcriptome and immunohistochemistry suggested that CCL4 was highly expressed in macrophages and the expression of FOXM1 in melanoma cell was negatively correlated with immune cell infiltration, especially macrophages. Here, we established a novel prognostic model for melanoma, which showed promising predictive performance and may serve as a biomarker for the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibition therapy in melanoma patients. In addition, we explored the function of two genes in the model in melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenghao He
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Zhongshan City People’s HospitalZhongshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Manli Chen
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Zhongshan City People’s HospitalZhongshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Qianwen Li
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical EpigenomicsChangsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhijun Luo
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Zhongshan City People’s HospitalZhongshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Xidie Li
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College, Central South UniversityZhuzhou, Hunan, China
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Shen ZQ, Chang CY, Yeh CH, Lu CK, Hung HC, Wang TW, Wu KS, Tung CY, Tsai TF. Hesperetin activates CISD2 to attenuate senescence in human keratinocytes from an older person and rejuvenates naturally aged skin in mice. J Biomed Sci 2024; 31:15. [PMID: 38263133 PMCID: PMC10807130 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-024-01005-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND CDGSH iron-sulfur domain-containing protein 2 (CISD2), a pro-longevity gene, mediates healthspan in mammals. CISD2 is down-regulated during aging. Furthermore, a persistently high level of CISD2 promotes longevity and ameliorates an age-related skin phenotype in transgenic mice. Here we translate the genetic evidence into a pharmaceutical application using a potent CISD2 activator, hesperetin, which enhances CISD2 expression in HEK001 human keratinocytes from an older person. We also treated naturally aged mice in order to study the activator's anti-aging efficacy. METHODS We studied the biological effects of hesperetin on aging skin using, firstly, a cell-based platform, namely a HEK001 human keratinocyte cell line established from an older person. Secondly, we used a mouse model, namely old mice at 21-month old. In the latter case, we investigate the anti-aging efficacy of hesperetin on ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced photoaging and naturally aged skin. Furthermore, to identify the underlying mechanisms and potential biological pathways involved in this process we carried out transcriptomic analysis. Finally, CISD2 knockdown HEK001 keratinocytes and Cisd2 knockout mice were used to study the Cisd2-dependent effects of hesperetin on skin aging. RESULTS Four findings are pinpointed. Firstly, in human skin, CISD2 is mainly expressed in proliferating keratinocytes from the epidermal basal layer and, furthermore, CISD2 is down-regulated in the sun-exposed epidermis. Secondly, in HEK001 human keratinocytes from an older person, hesperetin enhances mitochondrial function and protects against reactive oxygen species-induced oxidative stress via increased CISD2 expression; this enhancement is CISD2-dependent. Additionally, hesperetin alleviates UVB-induced damage and suppresses matrix metalloproteinase-1 expression, the latter being a major indicator of UVB-induced damage in keratinocytes. Thirdly, transcriptomic analysis revealed that hesperetin modulates a panel of differentially expressed genes that are associated with mitochondrial function, redox homeostasis, keratinocyte function, and inflammation in order to attenuate senescence. Intriguingly, hesperetin activates two known longevity-associated regulators, namely FOXO3a and FOXM1, in order to suppress the senescence-associated secretory phenotype. Finally, in mouse skin, hesperetin enhances CISD2 expression to ameliorate UVB-induced photoaging and this occurs via a mechanism involving CISD2. Most strikingly, late-life treatment with hesperetin started at 21-month old and lasting for 5 months, is able to retard skin aging and rejuvenate naturally aged skin in mice. CONCLUSIONS Our results reveal that a pharmacological elevation of CISD2 expression at a late-life stage using hesperetin treatment is a feasible approach to effectively mitigating both intrinsic and extrinsic skin aging and that hesperetin could act as a functional food or as a skincare product for fighting skin aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Qing Shen
- Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Li-Nong Street, Peitou, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yen Chang
- Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Li-Nong Street, Peitou, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hsiao Yeh
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Kuang Lu
- Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Li-Nong Street, Peitou, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Chih Hung
- Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Li-Nong Street, Peitou, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Wen Wang
- Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Li-Nong Street, Peitou, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Sheng Wu
- Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Li-Nong Street, Peitou, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Yi Tung
- Genomics Center for Clinical and Biotechnological Applications, Cancer and Immunology Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Fen Tsai
- Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Li-Nong Street, Peitou, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.
- Center for Healthy Longevity and Aging Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan.
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Zhao B, Li M, Su Y, Shan S, Qian W, Zhu D, Liu X, Zhang Z. Role of transcription factor FOXM1 in diabetes and its complications (Review). Int J Mol Med 2023; 52:101. [PMID: 37681487 PMCID: PMC10542959 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2023.5304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease commonly associated with complications such as cardiovascular disease, nephropathy and neuropathy, the incidence of which is increasing yearly. Transcription factor forkhead box M1 (FOXM1) serves an important role in development of diabetes and its complications. The present study aimed to review the association between FOXM1 with pathogenesis of diabetes and its complications. FOXM1 may be involved in development and progression of diabetes and its complications by regulating cell biological processes such as cell cycle, DNA damage repair, cell differentiation and epithelial‑mesenchymal transition. FOXM1 is involved in regulation of insulin secretion and insulin resistance, and FOXM1 affects insulin secretion by regulating expression of insulin‑related genes and signaling pathways; FOXM1 is involved in the inflammatory response in diabetes, and FOXM1 can regulate key genes associated with inflammatory response and immune cells, which in turn affects occurrence and development of the inflammatory response; finally, FOXM1 is involved in the regulation of diabetic complications such as cardiovascular disease, nephropathy and neuropathy. In summary, the transcription factor FOXM1 serves an important role in development of diabetes and its complications. Future studies should explore the mechanism of FOXM1 in diabetes and find new targets of FOXM1 as a potential treatment for diabetes and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoqing Zhao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology
| | - Mengxi Li
- School of Nuclear Technology and Chemistry and Biology, Hubei University of Science and Technology
| | - Yanting Su
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei 437000,
P.R. China
| | - Shigang Shan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei 437000,
P.R. China
| | - Wenbin Qian
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei 437000,
P.R. China
| | - Dan Zhu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology
| | - Xiufen Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology
| | - Zhenwang Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology
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Chen X, Tang Y, Wu D, Li R, Lin Z, Zhou X, Wang H, Zhai H, Xu J, Shi X, Zhang G. From imaging to clinical outcome: dual-region CT radiomics predicting FOXM1 expression and prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1278467. [PMID: 37817774 PMCID: PMC10561750 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1278467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Liver cancer, especially hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), remains a significant global health challenge. Traditional prognostic indicators for HCC often fall short in providing comprehensive insights for individualized treatment. The integration of genomics and radiomics offers a promising avenue for enhancing the precision of HCC diagnosis and prognosis. Methods From the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, we categorized mRNA of HCC patients by Forkhead Box M1 (FOXM1) expression and performed univariate and multivariate studies to pinpoint autonomous HCC risk factors. We deployed subgroup, correlation, and interaction analyses to probe FOXM1's link with clinicopathological elements. The connection between FOXM1 and immune cells was evaluated using the CIBERSORTx database. The functions of FOXM1 were investigated through analyses of Gene Ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). After filtering through TCGA and the Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA) database, we employed dual-region computed tomography (CT) radiomics technology to noninvasively predict the mRNA expression of FOXM1 in HCC tissues. Radiomic features were extracted from both tumoral and peritumoral regions, and a radiomics score (RS) was derived. The performance and robustness of the constructed models were evaluated using 10-fold cross-validation. A radiomics nomogram was developed by incorporating RS and clinical variables from the TCGA database. The models' discriminative abilities were assessed using metrics such as the area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC) and precision-recall (PR) curves. Results Our findings emphasized the overexpression of FOXM1 as a determinant of poor prognosis in HCC and illustrated its impact on immune cell infiltration. After selecting arterial phase CT, we chose 7 whole-tumor features and 3 features covering both the tumor and its surroundings to create WT and WP models for FOXM1 prediction. The WT model showed strong predictive capabilities for FOXM1 expression by PR curve. Conversely, the WP model did not demonstrate the good predictive ability. In our study, the radiomics score (RS) was derived from whole-tumor regions on CT images. The RS was significantly associated with FOXM1 expression, with an AUC of 0.918 in the training cohort and 0.837 in the validation cohort. Furthermore, the RS was correlated with oxidative stress genes and was integrated with clinical variables to develop a nomogram, which demonstrated good calibration and discrimination in predicting 12-, 36-, and 60-month survival probabilities. Additionally, bioinformatics analysis revealed FOXM1's potential role in shaping the immune microenvironment, with its expression linked to immune cell infiltration. Conclusion This study highlights the potential of integrating FOXM1 expression and radiomics in understanding HCC's complexity. Our approach offers a new perspective in utilizing radiomics for non-invasive tumor characterization and suggests its potential in providing insights into molecular profiles. Further research is needed to validate these findings and explore their clinical implications in HCC management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianyu Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yongsheng Tang
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, Liver Transplantation Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Donghao Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruixi Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhiqun Lin
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xuhui Zhou
- Department of Radiology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hezhen Wang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hang Zhai
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Junming Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xianjie Shi
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guangquan Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
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Ochsner SA, Pedroza M, Pillich RT, Krishnan V, Konicek BW, Dow ER, Park SY, Agarwal SK, McKenna NJ. IL17A Blockade with Ixekizumab Suppresses MuvB Signaling in Clinical Psoriasis. J Invest Dermatol 2023; 143:1689-1699. [PMID: 36967086 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2023.03.1658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Unbiased informatics approaches have the potential to generate insights into uncharacterized signaling pathways in human disease. In this study, we generated longitudinal transcriptomic profiles of plaque psoriasis lesions from patients enrolled in a clinical trial of the anti-IL17A antibody ixekizumab (IXE). This dataset was then computed against a curated matrix of over 700 million data points derived from published psoriasis and signaling node perturbation transcriptomic and chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequencing datasets. We observed substantive enrichment within both psoriasis-induced and IXE-repressed gene sets of transcriptional targets of members of the MuvB complex, a master regulator of the mitotic cell cycle. These gene sets were similarly enriched for pathways involved in the regulation of the G2/M transition of the cell cycle. Moreover, transcriptional targets for MuvB nodes were strongly enriched within IXE-repressed genes whose expression levels correlated strongly with the extent and severity of the psoriatic disease. In models of human keratinocyte proliferation, genes encoding MuvB nodes were transcriptionally repressed by IXE, and depletion of MuvB nodes reduced cell proliferation. Finally, we made the expression and regulatory networks that supported this study available as a freely accessible, cloud-based hypothesis generation platform. Our study positions inhibition of MuvB signaling as an important determinant of the therapeutic impact of IXE in psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott A Ochsner
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Mesias Pedroza
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Rudolf T Pillich
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, California, USA
| | | | | | - Ernst R Dow
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | | | - Sandeep K Agarwal
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Neil J McKenna
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
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Lima C, Andrade-Barros AI, Carvalho FF, Falcão MAP, Lopes-Ferreira M. Inflammasome Coordinates Senescent Chronic Wound Induced by Thalassophryne nattereri Venom. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098453. [PMID: 37176162 PMCID: PMC10179710 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Thalassophryne nattereri toadfish (niquim) envenomation, common in the hands and feet of bathers and fishermen in the north and northeast regions of Brazil, is characterized by local symptoms such as immediate edema and intense pain. These symptoms progress to necrosis that lasts for an extended period of time, with delayed healing. Wound healing is a complex process characterized by the interdependent role of keratinocytes, fibroblasts, and endothelial and innate cells such as neutrophils and macrophages. Macrophages and neutrophils are actively recruited to clear debris during the inflammatory phase of wound repair, promoting the production of pro-inflammatory mediators, and in the late stage, macrophages promote tissue repair. Our hypothesis is that injury caused by T. nattereri venom (VTn) leads to senescent wounds. In this study, we provide valuable information about the mechanism(s) behind the dysregulated inflammation in wound healing induced by VTn. We demonstrate in mouse paws injected with the venom the installation of γH2AX/p16Ink4a-dependent senescence with persistent neutrophilic inflammation in the proliferation and remodeling phases. VTn induced an imbalance of M1/M2 macrophages by maintaining a high number of TNF-α-producing M1 macrophages in the wound but without the ability to eliminate the persistent neutrophils. Chronic neutrophilic inflammation and senescence were mediated by cytokines such as IL-1α and IL-1β in a caspase-1- and caspase-11-dependent manner. In addition, previous blocking with anti-IL-1α and anti-IL-β neutralizing antibodies and caspase-1 (Ac YVAD-CMK) and caspase-11 (Wedelolactone) inhibitors was essential to control the pro-inflammatory activity of M1 macrophages induced by VTn injection, skewing towards an anti-inflammatory state, and was sufficient to block neutrophil recruitment and senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Lima
- Immunoregulation Unit of the Laboratory of Applied Toxinology (CETICs/FAPESP), Butantan Institute, São Paulo 05503-009, Brazil
| | - Aline Ingrid Andrade-Barros
- Immunoregulation Unit of the Laboratory of Applied Toxinology (CETICs/FAPESP), Butantan Institute, São Paulo 05503-009, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Franco Carvalho
- Immunoregulation Unit of the Laboratory of Applied Toxinology (CETICs/FAPESP), Butantan Institute, São Paulo 05503-009, Brazil
| | - Maria Alice Pimentel Falcão
- Immunoregulation Unit of the Laboratory of Applied Toxinology (CETICs/FAPESP), Butantan Institute, São Paulo 05503-009, Brazil
| | - Monica Lopes-Ferreira
- Immunoregulation Unit of the Laboratory of Applied Toxinology (CETICs/FAPESP), Butantan Institute, São Paulo 05503-009, Brazil
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Cappello A, Zuccotti A, Mancini M, Tosetti G, Fania L, Ricci F, Melino G, Candi E. Serine and one-carbon metabolism sustain non-melanoma skin cancer progression. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:102. [PMID: 36964165 PMCID: PMC10039038 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01398-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is a tumor that arises from human keratinocytes, showing abnormal control of cell proliferation and aberrant stratification. Cutaneous basal cell carcinoma (cBCC) and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) are the most common sub-types of NMSC. From a molecular point of view, we are still far from fully understanding the molecular mechanisms behind the onset and progression of NMSC and to unravel targetable vulnerabilities to leverage for their treatment, which is still essentially based on surgery. Under this assumption, it is still not elucidated how the central cellular metabolism, a potential therapeutical target, is involved in NMSC progression. Therefore, our work is based on the characterization of the serine anabolism/catabolism and/or one-carbon metabolism (OCM) role in NMSC pathogenesis. Expression and protein analysis of normal skin and NMSC samples show the alteration of the expression of two enzymes involved in the serine metabolism and OCM, the Serine Hydroxy-Methyl Transferase 2 (SHMT2) and Methylen-ThetraHydroFolate dehydrogenase/cyclohydrolase 2 (MTHFD2). Tissues analysis shows that these two enzymes are mainly expressed in the proliferative areas of cBCC and in the poorly differentiated areas of cSCC, suggesting their role in tumor proliferation maintenance. Moreover, in vitro silencing of SHMT2 and MTHFD2 impairs the proliferation of epidermoid cancer cell line. Taken together these data allow us to link the central cellular metabolism (serine and/or OCM) and NMSC proliferation and progression, offering the opportunity to modulate pharmacologically the involved enzymes activity against this type of human cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Cappello
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133, Rome, Italy
- Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata, IDI-IRCCS, 00167, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Mara Mancini
- Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata, IDI-IRCCS, 00167, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Tosetti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Fania
- Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata, IDI-IRCCS, 00167, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Ricci
- Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata, IDI-IRCCS, 00167, Rome, Italy
| | - Gerry Melino
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora Candi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133, Rome, Italy.
- Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata, IDI-IRCCS, 00167, Rome, Italy.
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Liu T, Lu Y, Zhan R, Qian W, Luo G. Nanomaterials and nanomaterials-based drug delivery to promote cutaneous wound healing. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 193:114670. [PMID: 36538990 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Various factors could damage the structure and integrity of skin to cause wounds. Nonhealing or chronic wounds seriously affect the well-being of patients and bring heavy burdens to the society. The past few decades have witnessed application of numerous nanomaterials to promote wound healing. Owing to the unique physicochemical characteristics at nanoscale, nanomaterials-based therapy has been regarded as a potential approach to promote wound healing. In this review, we first overview the wound categories, wound healing process and critical influencing factors. Then applications of nanomaterials with intrinsic therapeutic effect and nanomaterials-based drug delivery systems to promote wound healing are addressed in detail. Finally, current limitations and future perspectives of nanomaterials in wound healing are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengfei Liu
- Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yifei Lu
- Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Rixing Zhan
- Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Wei Qian
- Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Gaoxing Luo
- Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China.
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Takeshita H, Yoshida R, Inoue J, Ishikawa K, Shinohara K, Hirayama M, Oyama T, Kubo R, Yamana K, Nagao Y, Gohara S, Sakata J, Nakashima H, Matsuoka Y, Nakamoto M, Hirayama M, Kawahara K, Takahashi N, Hirosue A, Kuwahara Y, Fukumoto M, Toya R, Murakami R, Nakayama H. FOXM1-Mediated Regulation of Reactive Oxygen Species and Radioresistance in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells. J Transl Med 2023; 103:100060. [PMID: 36801643 DOI: 10.1016/j.labinv.2022.100060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Radioresistance is a major obstacle to the successful treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). To help overcome this issue, we have developed clinically relevant radioresistant (CRR) cell lines generated by irradiating parental cells over time, which are useful for OSCC research. In the present study, we conducted gene expression analysis using CRR cells and their parental lines to investigate the regulation of radioresistance in OSCC cells. Based on gene expression changes over time in CRR cells and parental lines subjected to irradiation, forkhead box M1 (FOXM1) was selected for further analysis in terms of its expression in OSCC cell lines, including CRR cell lines and clinical specimens. We suppressed or upregulated the expression of FOXM1 in OSCC cell lines, including CRR cell lines, and examined radiosensitivity, DNA damage, and cell viability under various conditions. The molecular network regulating radiotolerance was also investigated, especially the redox pathway, and the radiosensitizing effect of FOXM1 inhibitors was examined as a potential therapeutic application. We found that FOXM1 was not expressed in normal human keratinocytes but was expressed in several OSCC cell lines. The expression of FOXM1 was upregulated in CRR cells compared with that detected in the parental cell lines. In a xenograft model and clinical specimens, FOXM1 expression was upregulated in cells that survived irradiation. FOXM1-specific small interfering RNA (siRNA) treatment increased radiosensitivity, whereas FOXM1 overexpression decreased radiosensitivity, and DNA damage was altered significantly under both conditions, as well as the levels of redox-related molecules and reactive oxygen species production. Treatment with the FOXM1 inhibitor thiostrepton had a radiosensitizing effect and overcame radiotolerance in CRR cells. According to these results, the FOXM1-mediated regulation of reactive oxygen species could be a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of radioresistant OSCC; thus, treatment strategies targeting this axis might overcome radioresistance in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisashi Takeshita
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Ryoji Yoshida
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
| | - Junki Inoue
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kohei Ishikawa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan; Department of Dentistry, Self-Defense Forces Kumamoto Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kosuke Shinohara
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Mayumi Hirayama
- Laboratory of Transcriptional Regulation in Leukemogenesis, International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Toru Oyama
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Ryuta Kubo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Keisuke Yamana
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yuka Nagao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Gohara
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Junki Sakata
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hikaru Nakashima
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | | | - Masafumi Nakamoto
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Hirayama
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kenta Kawahara
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Nozomu Takahashi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Akiyuki Hirosue
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Kuwahara
- Radiation Biology and Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Manabu Fukumoto
- Pathology Informatics Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryo Toya
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kumamoto University Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Ryuji Murakami
- Department of Medical Radiation Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hideki Nakayama
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
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11
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Hu W, Li M, Wang Y, Zhong C, Si X, Shi X, Wang Z. Comprehensive bioinformatics analysis reveals the significance of forkhead box family members in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:92-107. [PMID: 36622275 PMCID: PMC9876641 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Forkhead box proteins (FOXs) play important roles in multiple biological processes; while little is known regarding the role of FOX members in pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD). This study aimed to comprehensively investigate the function of FOX family members in PAAD. METHODS Expression and prognostic value of FOXs were analyzed by R language and GEPIA. Genetic alteration and promoter methylation level were analyzed using CBioPortal and UALCAN. Protein-protein interactions and gene functions were analyzed using STRING and DAVID. TIMER and SENESCopedia were utilized to analyze the correlation of FOXs with immune cell infiltration or tumor senescence. Protein levels of FOXs were detected by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Expression of 15 of 50 FOXs were significantly elevated in PAAD. Among these 15 differentially expressed FOXs (DE-FOXs), 4 were significantly associated with the clinical cancer stage and 4 were negatively associated with overall survival. Functions of DE-FOXs were related to epithelial tube morphogenesis, nuclear chromatin, and DNA-binding. Promoter methylation and genomic alterations were not major causes of FOX dysregulation. Most DE-FOX was correlated with diverse immune infiltration cells. Seven of the DE-FOXs were positively related to tumor senescence. The protein levels of FOXM1, FOXP1, and FOXN3 were negatively correlated with OS in the collected PAAD patients. CONCLUSIONS FOXM1, FOXP1, and FOXN3 have prognostic value. Seven FOXs were related senescence, whereas most DE-FOXs were related to immune infiltration in PAAD. Our findings are instructive for future research on FOX family and provide novel insights into the selection of FOXs with potential prognostic or therapeutic target value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Hu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Lianyungang 222001, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Mingxu Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Lianyungang 222001, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Pathology, The Second People’s Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang 222001, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Chengcheng Zhong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Lianyungang 222001, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Xinxin Si
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Shi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Zhong Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Lianyungang 222001, Jiangsu, P.R. China
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12
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Sawaya AP, Stone RC, Mehdizadeh S, Pastar I, Worrell S, Balukoff NC, Kaplan MJ, Tomic‐Canic M, Morasso MI. FOXM1
network in association with
TREM1
suppression regulates
NET
formation in diabetic foot ulcers. EMBO Rep 2022; 23:e54558. [PMID: 35856334 PMCID: PMC9346470 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202154558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) are a serious complication of diabetes mellitus and associated with reduced quality of life and high mortality rate. DFUs are characterized by a deregulated immune response with decreased neutrophils due to loss of the transcription factor, FOXM1. Diabetes primes neutrophils to form neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), contributing to tissue damage and impaired healing. However, the role of FOXM1 in priming diabetic neutrophils to undergo NET formation remains unknown. Here, we found that FOXM1 regulates reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in neutrophils and inhibition of FOXM1 results in increased ROS leading to NET formation. Next generation sequencing revealed that TREM1 promoted the recruitment of FOXM1+ neutrophils and reversed effects of diabetes and promoted wound healing in vivo. Moreover, we found that TREM1 expression correlated with clinical healing outcomes of DFUs, indicating TREM1 may serve as a useful biomarker or a potential therapeutic target. Our findings highlight the clinical relevance of TREM1, and indicates FOXM1 pathway as a novel regulator of NET formation during diabetic wound healing, revealing new therapeutic strategies to promote healing in DFUs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew P Sawaya
- Laboratory of Skin Biology National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD USA
| | - Rivka C Stone
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research Program, Dr Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Miami FL USA
| | - Spencer Mehdizadeh
- Laboratory of Skin Biology National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD USA
| | - Irena Pastar
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research Program, Dr Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Miami FL USA
| | - Stephen Worrell
- Laboratory of Skin Biology National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD USA
| | - Nathan C Balukoff
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research Program, Dr Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Miami FL USA
| | - Mariana J Kaplan
- Systemic Autoimmunity Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD USA
| | - Marjana Tomic‐Canic
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research Program, Dr Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Miami FL USA
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Miami FL USA
| | - Maria I Morasso
- Laboratory of Skin Biology National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD USA
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13
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Esworthy RS, Doroshow JH, Chu FF. The beginning of GPX2 and 30 years later. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 188:419-433. [PMID: 35803440 PMCID: PMC9341242 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.06.232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We published the first paper to characterize GPX2 (aka GSHPx-GI) as a selenoenzyme with glutathione peroxidase activity in 1993. Among the four Se-GPX isozymes, GPX1-4, GPX1 and GPX2 are closely related in terms of structure, substrate specificities, and subcellular localization. What sets them apart are distinct patterns of gene regulation, tissue distribution and response to selenium. While we identified the digestive tract epithelium as the main site of GPX2 expression, later work has shown GPX2 is found more widely in epithelial tissues with concentration of expression in stem cell and proliferative compartments. GPX2 expression is regulated over a wide range of levels by many pathways, including NRF2, WNT, p53, RARE and this often results in attaching undue significance to GPX2 as GPX2 is only a part of a system of hydroperoxidase activities, including GPX1, peroxiredoxins and catalase. These other activities may play equal or greater roles, particularly in cell lines cultured without selenium supplementation and often with very low GPX2 levels. This could be assessed by examining levels of mRNA and protein among these various peroxidases at the outset of studies. As an example, it was found that GPX1 responds to the absence of GPX2 in mouse ileum and colon epithelium with higher expression. As such, both Gpx1 and Gpx2 had to be knocked out in mice to produce ileocolitis. However, we note that the actual role of GPX1 and GPX2 in relation to peroxiredoxin function is unclear. There may be an interdependence that requires only low amounts of GPX1 and/or GPX2 in a supporting role to maintain proper peroxiredoxin function. GPX2 levels may be prognostic for cancer progression in colon, breast, prostate and liver, however, there is no consistent trend for higher or lower levels to be favorable.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Steven Esworthy
- Department of Cancer Genetics & Epigenetics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope. Duarte, California, USA, 91010.
| | - James H Doroshow
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Fong-Fong Chu
- Department of Cancer Genetics & Epigenetics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope. Duarte, California, USA, 91010.
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14
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Ke J, Wang J, Wu X, Yan Y. Salidroside Ameliorates Ultraviolet-Induced Keratinocyte Injury by Inducing SIRT1-Dependent Autophagy. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2022; 15:1499-1508. [PMID: 35941856 PMCID: PMC9356605 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s367233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Methods Results Discussion
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Ke
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, 201399, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, 201399, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xing Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, 201399, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuehua Yan
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, 201399, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Yuehua Yan, Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, No. 2800 Gongwei Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 201399, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-18918181952, Email
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15
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Yang EJ, Park JH, Cho HJ, Hwang JA, Woo SH, Park CH, Kim SY, Park JT, Park SC, Hwang D, Lee YS. Co-inhibition of ATM and ROCK synergistically improves cell proliferation in replicative senescence by activating FOXM1 and E2F1. Commun Biol 2022; 5:702. [PMID: 35835838 PMCID: PMC9283421 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03658-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The multifaceted nature of senescent cell cycle arrest necessitates the targeting of multiple factors arresting or promoting the cell cycle. We report that co-inhibition of ATM and ROCK by KU-60019 and Y-27632, respectively, synergistically increases the proliferation of human diploid fibroblasts undergoing replicative senescence through activation of the transcription factors E2F1 and FOXM1. Time-course transcriptome analysis identified FOXM1 and E2F1 as crucial factors promoting proliferation. Co-inhibition of the kinases ATM and ROCK first promotes the G2/M transition via FOXM1 activation, leading to accumulation of cells undergoing the G1/S transition via E2F1 activation. The combination of both inhibitors increased this effect more significantly than either inhibitor alone, suggesting synergism. Our results demonstrate a FOXM1- and E2F1-mediated molecular pathway enhancing cell cycle progression in cells with proliferative potential under replicative senescence conditions, and treatment with the inhibitors can be tested for senomorphic effect in vivo. Inhibitors to ATM and ROCK kinases increases the proliferation via transcriptional changes in human diploid fibroblasts undergoing replicative senescence in a synergistic manner
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Jae Yang
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hwan Park
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Ji Cho
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-A Hwang
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hwa Woo
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Chi Hyun Park
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Young Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, 05029, Korea
| | - Joon Tae Park
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Chul Park
- Well Aging Research Center, Division of Biotechnology, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea. .,The Future Life & Society Research Center, Advanced Institute of Aging Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61469, Republic of Korea.
| | - Daehee Hwang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young-Sam Lee
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea. .,Well Aging Research Center, Division of Biotechnology, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea. .,New Biology Research Center, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea.
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16
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Bochyńska A, Stenzel AT, Boroujeni RS, Kuo CC, Barsoum M, Liang W, Bussmann P, Costa IG, Lüscher-Firzlaff J, Lüscher B. Induction of senescence upon loss of the Ash2l core subunit of H3K4 methyltransferase complexes. Nucleic Acids Res 2022; 50:7889-7905. [PMID: 35819198 PMCID: PMC9371893 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkac591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene expression is controlled in part by post-translational modifications of core histones. Methylation of lysine 4 of histone H3 (H3K4), associated with open chromatin and gene transcription, is catalyzed by type 2 lysine methyltransferase complexes that require WDR5, RBBP5, ASH2L and DPY30 as core subunits. Ash2l is essential during embryogenesis and for maintaining adult tissues. To expand on the mechanistic understanding of Ash2l, we generated mouse embryo fibroblasts (MEFs) with conditional Ash2l alleles. Upon loss of Ash2l, methylation of H3K4 and gene expression were downregulated, which correlated with inhibition of proliferation and cell cycle progression. Moreover, we observed induction of senescence concomitant with a set of downregulated signature genes but independent of SASP. Many of the signature genes are FoxM1 responsive. Indeed, exogenous FOXM1 was sufficient to delay senescence. Thus, although the loss of Ash2l in MEFs has broad and complex consequences, a distinct set of downregulated genes promotes senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Bochyńska
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52057 Aachen, Germany
| | - Alexander T Stenzel
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52057 Aachen, Germany
| | - Roksaneh Sayadi Boroujeni
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52057 Aachen, Germany
| | - Chao-Chung Kuo
- Institute for Computational Genomics, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52057 Aachen, Germany.,Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research (IZKF), Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Mirna Barsoum
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52057 Aachen, Germany
| | - Weili Liang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52057 Aachen, Germany
| | - Philip Bussmann
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52057 Aachen, Germany
| | - Ivan G Costa
- Institute for Computational Genomics, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52057 Aachen, Germany
| | - Juliane Lüscher-Firzlaff
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52057 Aachen, Germany
| | - Bernhard Lüscher
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52057 Aachen, Germany
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17
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Castaneda M, den Hollander P, Mani SA. Forkhead Box Transcription Factors: Double-Edged Swords in Cancer. Cancer Res 2022; 82:2057-2065. [PMID: 35315926 PMCID: PMC9258984 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-3371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
A plethora of treatment options exist for cancer therapeutics, but many are limited by side effects and either intrinsic or acquired resistance. The need for more effective targeted cancer treatment has led to the focus on forkhead box (FOX) transcription factors as possible drug targets. Forkhead factors such as FOXA1 and FOXM1 are involved in hormone regulation, immune system modulation, and disease progression through their regulation of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Forkhead factors can influence cancer development, progression, metastasis, and drug resistance. In this review, we discuss the various roles of forkhead factors in biological processes that support cancer as well as their function as pioneering factors and their potential as targetable transcription factors in the fight against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Castaneda
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Petra den Hollander
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Sendurai A. Mani
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.,Corresponding Author: Sendurai A. Mani, Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 2130 West Holcombe Boulevard, Suite 910, Houston, TX 77030-3304. Phone: 713-792-9638; E-mail:
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18
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The Impact of Chronic Kidney Disease on Nutritional Status and Its Possible Relation with Oral Diseases. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14102002. [PMID: 35631140 PMCID: PMC9143067 DOI: 10.3390/nu14102002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Several studies have demonstrated a strong relation between periodontal diseases and chronic kidney disease (CKD). The main mechanisms at the base of this link are malnutrition, vitamin dysregulation, especially of B-group vitamins and of C and D vitamins, oxidative stress, metabolic acidosis and low-grade inflammation. In particular, in hemodialysis (HD) adult patients, an impairment of nutritional status has been observed, induced not only by the HD procedures themselves, but also due to numerous CKD-related comorbidities. The alteration of nutritional assessment induces systemic manifestations that have repercussions on oral health, like oral microbiota dysbiosis, slow healing of wounds related to hypovitaminosis C, and an alteration of the supporting bone structures of the oral cavity related to metabolic acidosis and vitamin D deficiency. Low-grade inflammation has been observed to characterize periodontal diseases locally and, in a systemic manner, CKD contributes to the amplification of the pathological process, bidirectionally. Therefore, CKD and oral disease patients should be managed by a multidisciplinary professional team that can evaluate the possible co-presence of these two pathological conditions, that negatively influence each other, and set up therapeutic strategies to treat them. Once these patients have been identified, they should be included in a follow-up program, characterized by periodic checks in order to manage these pathological conditions.
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19
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Toosaranont J, Ruschadaariyachat S, Mujchariyakul W, Arora JK, Charoensawan V, Suktitipat B, Palmer TN, Fletcher S, Wilton SD, Mitrpant C. Antisense Oligonucleotide Induction of the hnRNPA1b Isoform Affects Pre-mRNA Splicing of SMN2 in SMA Type I Fibroblasts. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073937. [PMID: 35409296 PMCID: PMC8999010 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a severe, debilitating neuromuscular condition characterised by loss of motor neurons and progressive muscle wasting. SMA is caused by a loss of expression of SMN1 that encodes the survival motor neuron (SMN) protein necessary for the survival of motor neurons. Restoration of SMN expression through increased inclusion of SMN2 exon 7 is known to ameliorate symptoms in SMA patients. As a consequence, regulation of pre-mRNA splicing of SMN2 could provide a potential molecular therapy for SMA. In this study, we explored if splice switching antisense oligonucleotides could redirect the splicing repressor hnRNPA1 to the hnRNPA1b isoform and restore SMN expression in fibroblasts from a type I SMA patient. Antisense oligonucleotides (AOs) were designed to promote exon 7b retention in the mature mRNA and induce the hnRNPA1b isoform. RT-PCR and western blot analysis were used to assess and monitor the efficiency of different AO combinations. A combination of AOs targeting multiple silencing motifs in hnRNPA1 pre-mRNA led to robust hnRNPA1b induction, which, in turn, significantly increased expression of full-length SMN (FL-SMN) protein. A combination of PMOs targeting the same motifs also strongly induced hnRNPA1b isoform, but surprisingly SMN2 exon 5 skipping was detected, and the PMO cocktail did not lead to a significant increase in expression of FL-SMN protein. We further performed RNA sequencing to assess the genome-wide effects of hnRNPA1b induction. Some 3244 genes were differentially expressed between the hnRNPA1b-induced and untreated SMA fibroblasts, which are functionally enriched in cell cycle and chromosome segregation processes. RT-PCR analysis demonstrated that expression of the master regulator of these enrichment pathways, MYBL2 and FOXM1B, were reduced in response to PMO treatment. These findings suggested that induction of hnRNPA1b can promote SMN protein expression, but not at sufficient levels to be clinically relevant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarichad Toosaranont
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; (J.T.); (S.R.); (B.S.)
| | - Sukanya Ruschadaariyachat
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; (J.T.); (S.R.); (B.S.)
| | - Warasinee Mujchariyakul
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; (W.M.); (J.K.A.); (V.C.)
| | - Jantarika Kumar Arora
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; (W.M.); (J.K.A.); (V.C.)
| | - Varodom Charoensawan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; (W.M.); (J.K.A.); (V.C.)
- Integrative Computational BioScience (ICBS) Center, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
- Systems Biology of Diseases Research Unit, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Bhoom Suktitipat
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; (J.T.); (S.R.); (B.S.)
- Integrative Computational BioScience (ICBS) Center, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Thomas N. Palmer
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; (T.N.P.); (S.F.); (S.D.W.)
| | - Sue Fletcher
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; (T.N.P.); (S.F.); (S.D.W.)
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Steve D. Wilton
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; (T.N.P.); (S.F.); (S.D.W.)
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Chalermchai Mitrpant
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; (J.T.); (S.R.); (B.S.)
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; (T.N.P.); (S.F.); (S.D.W.)
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
- Correspondence:
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Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK4 and CDK6) and their activating partners, D-type cyclins, link the extracellular environment with the core cell cycle machinery. Constitutive activation of cyclin D–CDK4/6 represents the driving force of tumorigenesis in several cancer types. Small-molecule inhibitors of CDK4/6 have been used with great success in the treatment of hormone receptor–positive breast cancers and are in clinical trials for many other tumor types. Unexpectedly, recent work indicates that inhibition of CDK4/6 affects a wide range of cellular functions such as tumor cell metabolism and antitumor immunity. We discuss how recent advances in understanding CDK4/6 biology are opening new avenues for the future use of cyclin D–CDK4/6 inhibitors in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Fassl
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Yan Geng
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Piotr Sicinski
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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21
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Role of Yes-associated protein and transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif in the malignant transformation of oral submucous fibrosis. Arch Oral Biol 2021; 128:105164. [PMID: 34044344 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2021.105164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE(S) The objective of the present manuscript is to elucidate the role of matrix stiffness in the malignant transformation of oral submucous fibrosis. DESIGN The role of matrix stiffness in several cancers including oral cancer was reviewed with a tailored search strategy using relevant keywords as per the Medline format. The role of molecular mediators, Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP) and transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) was weighed in the context of OSF along two distinct pathways. RESULTS Increased matrix stiffness activates the transcriptional coactivators, YAP and TAZ shuttling between the nucleus and cytoplasm. YAP and TAZ, serve as mechanical transducers in promoting cell migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). The hypoxic microenvironment in the advanced stage of OSF promotes the migratory phenotype through mechanical memory. CONCLUSIONS Reprogramming of a stiff matrix has the potential to restore the Hippo-YAP/TAZ tumor suppressor pathway and reverse fibrosis-associated tumor development.
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Yu C, Qiu M, Zhang Z, Song X, Du H, Peng H, Li Q, Yang L, Xiong X, Xia B, Hu C, Chen J, Jiang X, Yang C. Transcriptome sequencing reveals genes involved in cadmium-triggered oxidative stress in the chicken heart. Poult Sci 2021; 100:100932. [PMID: 33652545 PMCID: PMC7936198 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
As a ubiquitous heavy metal, cadmium (Cd) is highly toxic to various organs. However, the effects and molecular mechanism of Cd toxicity in the chicken heart remain largely unknown. The goal of our study was to investigate the cardiac injury in chickens' exposure to Cd. We detected the levels of oxidative stress-related molecules in the Cd-induced chicken heart, and assessed the histopathological changes by hematoxylin and eosin staining. RNA sequencing was performed to identify differentially expressed mRNAs between the Cd-induced group and control group. The expression of candidate genes involved in oxidative stress was certified by quantitative reverse transcription PCR. Our results showed that the expression of glutathione, peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase was significantly decreased and malondialdehyde was increased in the heart of chickens by Cd induction. The disorderly arranged cardiomyocytes, swelled and enlarged cells, partial cardiomyocyte necrosis, blurred morphological structure, and notable inflammatory cell infiltration were observed in the Cd-induced chicken heart. RNA sequencing identified 23 upregulated and 11 downregulated mRNAs in the heart tissues of the chicken in the Cd-induced group, and functional pathways indicated that they were associated with oxidative stress. Moreover, CREM, DUSP8, and ITGA11 expressions were significantly reduced, whereas LAMA1 expression was induced in heart tissue of chickens by Cd treatment. Overall, our findings revealed that oxidative stress and pathological changes in the chicken heart could be triggered by Cd. The mRNA transcriptional profiles identified differentially expressed genes in the chicken heart by Cd induction, revealing oxidative stress-related key genes and enhancing our understanding of Cd toxicity in the chicken heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlin Yu
- Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066 China; Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066 China
| | - Mohan Qiu
- Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066 China; Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066 China
| | - Zengrong Zhang
- Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066 China; Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066 China
| | - Xiaoyan Song
- Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066 China; Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066 China
| | - Huarui Du
- Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066 China; Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066 China
| | - Han Peng
- Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066 China; Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066 China
| | - Qingyun Li
- Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066 China; Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066 China
| | - Li Yang
- Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066 China; Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066 China
| | - Xia Xiong
- Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066 China; Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066 China
| | - Bo Xia
- Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066 China; Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066 China
| | - Chenming Hu
- Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066 China; Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066 China
| | - Jialei Chen
- Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066 China; Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066 China
| | - Xiaosong Jiang
- Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066 China; Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066 China
| | - Chaowu Yang
- Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066 China; Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 610066 China.
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Ohara M, Saito K, Kageyama K, Terai M, Cheng H, Aplin AE, Sato T. Dual Targeting of CDK4/6 and cMET in Metastatic Uveal Melanoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13051104. [PMID: 33806615 PMCID: PMC7961994 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13051104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Up to 50% of uveal melanoma patients subsequently develop metastases, for which no effective treatment has been identified. In this study, 87.5% of uveal melanoma patients’ samples were positive for phosphorylated retinoblastoma (RB), and ex vivo incubation of patients’ biopsy specimens with CDK4/6 inhibitor decreased the phosphorylation of RB. Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), which is rich in the liver microenvironment, diminished the efficacy of CDK4/6 inhibitor. In human HGF knock-in NOD.Cg-Prkdc scid Il2rg tm1Wjl/SzJ mice, combination of CDK4/6 inhibitor and cMET inhibitor showed significant growth suppression in implanted metastatic uveal melanoma cells, compared to CDK4/6 inhibitor alone. Taken together, our preclinical study indicated that combining CDK4/6 inhibitor and cMET inhibitor would provide significant clinical benefit to patients with metastatic uveal melanoma. Abstract Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common cancer of the eye in adults. Up to 50% of UM patients subsequently develop metastases, especially in the liver. It has been reported that the retinoblastoma (RB) pathway is deregulated in more than 90% of UM despite the rarity of mutations in the RB1 gene itself. CDK4/6 inhibition (CDK4/6i) is a rational strategy for treatment of UM. In this report, we investigated the antiproliferative activity of a selective CDK4/6 inhibitor on metastatic UM. A CDK4/6 inhibitor suppressed UM cell lines growth in in vitro and in vivo experiments. Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) decreased the effect of CDK4/6 inhibitor on metastatic UM cell lines. When CDK4/6i was combined with cMET inhibitor, enhanced growth suppression was observed in metastatic UM tumors grown in human-HGF knock-in xenograft mouse models. HGF is enriched in the liver and the majority of liver metastases from UM express activated forms of cMET; therefore, signaling through cMET could contribute to the resistance mechanisms against CDK4/6i, especially in UM patients with hepatic metastasis. Together, these results provide a rationale for the use of cMET inhibitor in combination with a CDK4/6 inhibitor for the treatment of metastatic UM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Ohara
- Department of Medical Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, 1015 Walnut Street, Suite 1024, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA; (K.S.); (K.K.); (M.T.); (T.S.)
- Department of Breast Surgery, Hiroshima General Hospital, 1-3-3 Jigozen, Hatsukaichi, Hiroshima 738-8503, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-215-955-1195; Fax: +1-215-923-0797
| | - Kengo Saito
- Department of Medical Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, 1015 Walnut Street, Suite 1024, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA; (K.S.); (K.K.); (M.T.); (T.S.)
- Department of Molecular Virology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuou-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Ken Kageyama
- Department of Medical Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, 1015 Walnut Street, Suite 1024, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA; (K.S.); (K.K.); (M.T.); (T.S.)
- Department of Radiology, Osaka City University, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
| | - Mizue Terai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, 1015 Walnut Street, Suite 1024, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA; (K.S.); (K.K.); (M.T.); (T.S.)
| | - Hanyin Cheng
- Department of Cancer Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA; (H.C.); (A.E.A.)
- Hematologics Inc., 3161 Elliott Ave., Suite 200, Seattle, WA 98121, USA
| | - Andrew E. Aplin
- Department of Cancer Biology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA; (H.C.); (A.E.A.)
| | - Takami Sato
- Department of Medical Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, 1015 Walnut Street, Suite 1024, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA; (K.S.); (K.K.); (M.T.); (T.S.)
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Zhang C, Zhang X, Huang L, Guan Y, Huang X, Tian X, Zhang L, Tao W. ATF3 drives senescence by reconstructing accessible chromatin profiles. Aging Cell 2021; 20:e13315. [PMID: 33539668 PMCID: PMC7963335 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromatin organization and transcriptional profiles undergo tremendous reordering during senescence. However, uncovering the regulatory mechanisms between chromatin reconstruction and gene expression in senescence has been elusive. Here, we depicted the landscapes of both chromatin accessibility and gene expression to reveal gene regulatory networks in human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) senescence and found that chromatin accessibilities are redistributed during senescence. Particularly, the intergenic chromatin was massively shifted with the increased accessibility regions (IARs) or decreased accessibility regions (DARs), which were mainly enhancer elements. We defined AP‐1 transcription factor family as being responsible for driving chromatin accessibility reconstruction in IARs, where low DNA methylation improved binding affinity of AP‐1 and further increased the chromatin accessibility. Among AP‐1 transcription factors, we confirmed ATF3 was critical to reconstruct chromatin accessibility to promote cellular senescence. Our results described a dynamic landscape of chromatin accessibility whose remodeling contributes to the senescence program, we identified that AP‐1 was capable of reorganizing the chromatin accessibility profile to regulate senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhang
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation School of Life Sciences Peking University Beijing China
- PKU‐Tsinghua‐NIBS Graduate Program School of Life Sciences Peking University Beijing China
| | - Xuebin Zhang
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation School of Life Sciences Peking University Beijing China
| | - Li Huang
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation School of Life Sciences Peking University Beijing China
| | - Yiting Guan
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation School of Life Sciences Peking University Beijing China
| | - Xiaoke Huang
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation School of Life Sciences Peking University Beijing China
| | - Xiao‐Li Tian
- Department of Human Population Genetics Human Aging Research Institute (HARI) and School of Life Sciences Nanchang University Nanchang China
| | - Lijun Zhang
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation School of Life Sciences Peking University Beijing China
| | - Wei Tao
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation School of Life Sciences Peking University Beijing China
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25
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Noce A, Di Lauro M, Di Daniele F, Pietroboni Zaitseva A, Marrone G, Borboni P, Di Daniele N. Natural Bioactive Compounds Useful in Clinical Management of Metabolic Syndrome. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13020630. [PMID: 33669163 PMCID: PMC7919668 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a clinical manifestation characterized by a plethora of comorbidities, including hyperglycemia, abdominal obesity, arterial hypertension, and dyslipidemia. All MetS comorbidities participate to induce a low-grade inflammation state and oxidative stress, typical of this syndrome. MetS is related to an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases and early death, with an important impact on health-care costs. For its clinic management a poly-pharmaceutical therapy is often required, but this can cause side effects and reduce the patient's compliance. For this reason, finding a valid and alternative therapeutic strategy, natural and free of side effects, could represent a useful tool in the fight the MetS. In this context, the use of functional foods, and the assumption of natural bioactive compounds (NBCs), could exert beneficial effects on body weight, blood pressure and glucose metabolism control, on endothelial damage, on the improvement of lipid profile, on the inflammatory state, and on oxidative stress. This review focuses on the possible beneficial role of NBCs in the prevention and in the clinical management of MetS and its comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Noce
- UOC of Internal Medicine-Center of Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.D.L.); (F.D.D.); (A.P.Z.); (N.D.D.)
- Correspondence: (A.N.); (G.M.); Tel. + 39-06-2090-2194 (A.N.); +39-06-2090-2191 (G.M.)
| | - Manuela Di Lauro
- UOC of Internal Medicine-Center of Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.D.L.); (F.D.D.); (A.P.Z.); (N.D.D.)
| | - Francesca Di Daniele
- UOC of Internal Medicine-Center of Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.D.L.); (F.D.D.); (A.P.Z.); (N.D.D.)
- PhD School of Applied Medical, Surgical Sciences, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Pietroboni Zaitseva
- UOC of Internal Medicine-Center of Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.D.L.); (F.D.D.); (A.P.Z.); (N.D.D.)
| | - Giulia Marrone
- UOC of Internal Medicine-Center of Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.D.L.); (F.D.D.); (A.P.Z.); (N.D.D.)
- PhD School of Applied Medical, Surgical Sciences, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.N.); (G.M.); Tel. + 39-06-2090-2194 (A.N.); +39-06-2090-2191 (G.M.)
| | - Patrizia Borboni
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Nicola Di Daniele
- UOC of Internal Medicine-Center of Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.D.L.); (F.D.D.); (A.P.Z.); (N.D.D.)
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Di Daniele N, Marrone G, Di Lauro M, Di Daniele F, Palazzetti D, Guerriero C, Noce A. Effects of Caloric Restriction Diet on Arterial Hypertension and Endothelial Dysfunction. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13010274. [PMID: 33477912 PMCID: PMC7833363 DOI: 10.3390/nu13010274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The most common manifestation of cardiovascular (CV) diseases is the presence of arterial hypertension (AH), which impacts on endothelial dysfunction. CV risk is associated with high values of systolic and diastolic blood pressure and depends on the presence of risk factors, both modifiable and not modifiable, such as overweight, obesity, physical exercise, smoking, age, family history, and gender. The main target organs affected by AH are the heart, brain, vessels, kidneys, and eye retina. AH onset can be counteracted or delayed by adopting a proper diet, characterized by a low saturated fat and sodium intake, a high fruit and vegetable intake, a moderate alcohol consumption, and achieving and maintaining over time the ideal body weight. In this review, we analyzed how a new nutritional approach, named caloric restriction diet (CRD), can provide a significant reduction in blood pressure values and an improvement of the endothelial dysfunction. In fact, CRD is able to counteract aging and delay the onset of CV and neurodegenerative diseases through the reduction of body fat mass, systolic and diastolic values, free radicals production, and oxidative stress. Currently, there are few studies on CRD effects in the long term, and it would be advisable to perform observational studies with longer follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Di Daniele
- UOC of Internal Medicine-Center of Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (G.M.); (M.D.L.); (F.D.D.); (D.P.); (C.G.); (A.N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-062090-2982; Fax: +39-062090-3362
| | - Giulia Marrone
- UOC of Internal Medicine-Center of Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (G.M.); (M.D.L.); (F.D.D.); (D.P.); (C.G.); (A.N.)
- School of Applied Medical, Surgical Sciences, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Manuela Di Lauro
- UOC of Internal Medicine-Center of Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (G.M.); (M.D.L.); (F.D.D.); (D.P.); (C.G.); (A.N.)
| | - Francesca Di Daniele
- UOC of Internal Medicine-Center of Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (G.M.); (M.D.L.); (F.D.D.); (D.P.); (C.G.); (A.N.)
- School of Applied Medical, Surgical Sciences, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Palazzetti
- UOC of Internal Medicine-Center of Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (G.M.); (M.D.L.); (F.D.D.); (D.P.); (C.G.); (A.N.)
| | - Cristina Guerriero
- UOC of Internal Medicine-Center of Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (G.M.); (M.D.L.); (F.D.D.); (D.P.); (C.G.); (A.N.)
| | - Annalisa Noce
- UOC of Internal Medicine-Center of Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (G.M.); (M.D.L.); (F.D.D.); (D.P.); (C.G.); (A.N.)
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27
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Zhou M, Shi J, Lan S, Gong X. FOXM1 regulates the proliferation, apoptosis and inflammatory response of keratinocytes through the NF-κB signaling pathway. Hum Exp Toxicol 2021; 40:1130-1140. [PMID: 33401961 DOI: 10.1177/0960327120984225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a common immune-mediated and genetic skin disease. Forkhead box M1 (FOXM1) is a member of FOX family that has been found to modulate skin disorders. However, its role in psoriasis remains unknown. Thus, we aimed to investigate the effect of FOXM1 on keratinocytes in response to tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). The expression levels of FOXM1 in psoriasis tissues and normal skin tissues were examined using qRT-PCR and western blot. HaCaT cells were stimulated by TNF-α to mimic psoriasis in vitro. MTT assay was performed to assess cell proliferation. The caspase-3 activity and expression levels of bcl-2 and bax were determined to indicate cell apoptosis. The mRNA and secretion levels of IL-6, IL-23 and TGF-β were determined by qRT-PCR and ELISA, respectively. The NF-κB activation was assessed using western blot analysis. Our results demonstrated that FOXM1 was highly upregulated in psoriatic skin tissues and TNF-α-stimulated HaCaT cells. Knockdown of FOXM1 repressed cell proliferation of TNF-α-stimulated HaCaT cells. Knockdown of FOXM1 caused significant increases in caspase-3 activity, bax expression and decrease in bcl-2 expression in TNF-α-stimulated HaCaT cells. Moreover, FOXM1 knockdown also suppressed the TNF-α-induced production of IL-6, IL-23, and TGF-β in HaCaT cells. However, FOXM1 overexpression showed the opposite effect. Furthermore, the TNF-α-induced NF-κB activation was prevented by FOXM1 knockdown. Additionally, inhibition of NF-κB reversed the effects of FOXM1 on HaCaT cells. Taken together, these findings indicated that FOXM1 regulated cell proliferation, apoptosis and inflammation in TNF-α-induced HaCaT cells. The effects of FOXM1 were mediated by NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University (Shaoxing Municipal Hospital), Shaoxing, China.,Both the authors contributed equally to this paper
| | - Jing Shi
- Department of Dermatology, Tianjin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Both the authors contributed equally to this paper
| | - Shaobo Lan
- Department of Hepatology, Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University (Shaoxing Municipal Hospital), Shaoxing, China
| | - Xianjun Gong
- Department of Dermatology, ZaoZhuang Municipal Hospital, Zaozhuang, China
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28
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KarakÜlah G, Yandim C. Signature changes in the expressions of protein-coding genes, lncRNAs, and repeat elements in early and late cellular senescence. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 44:356-370. [PMID: 33402863 PMCID: PMC7759191 DOI: 10.3906/biy-2005-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Replicative cellular senescence is the main cause of aging. It is important to note that early senescence is linked to tissue regeneration, whereas late senescence is known to trigger a chronically inflammatory phenotype. Despite the presence of various genome-wide studies, there is a lack of information on distinguishing early and late senescent phenotypes at the transcriptome level. Particularly, the changes in the noncoding RNA portion of the aging cell have not been fully elucidated. By utilising RNA sequencing data of fibroblasts, hereby, we are not only reporting changes in gene expression profiles and relevant biological processes in the early and late senescent phenotypes but also presenting significant differences in the expressions of many unravelled long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and transcripts arisen from repetitive DNA. Our results indicate that, in addition to previously reported L1 elements, various LTR and DNA transposons, as well as members of the classical satellites including HSAT5 and α-satellites (ALR/Alpha), are expressed at higher levels in late senescence. Moreover, we revealed finer links between the expression levels of repeats with the genes located near them and known to be involved in cell cycle and senescence. Noncoding elements reported here provide a new perspective to be explored in further experimental studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gökhan KarakÜlah
- İzmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, İzmir Turkey.,İzmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylül University, İzmir Turkey
| | - Cihangir Yandim
- İzmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, İzmir Turkey.,Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, İzmir University of Economics, İzmir Turkey
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29
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Li Z, Yu DS, Doetsch PW, Werner E. Replication stress and FOXM1 drive radiation induced genomic instability and cell transformation. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0235998. [PMID: 33253193 PMCID: PMC7703902 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0235998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In contrast to the vast majority of research that has focused on the immediate effects of ionizing radiation, this work concentrates on the molecular mechanism driving delayed effects that emerge in the progeny of the exposed cells. We employed functional protein arrays to identify molecular changes induced in a human bronchial epithelial cell line (HBEC3-KT) and osteosarcoma cell line (U2OS) and evaluated their impact on outcomes associated with radiation induced genomic instability (RIGI) at day 5 and 7 post-exposure to a 2Gy X-ray dose, which revealed replication stress in the context of increased FOXM1b expression. Irradiated cells had reduced DNA replication rate detected by the DNA fiber assay and increased DNA resection detected by RPA foci and phosphorylation. Irradiated cells increased utilization of homologous recombination-dependent repair detected by a gene conversion assay and DNA damage at mitosis reflected by RPA positive chromosomal bridges, micronuclei formation and 53BP1 positive bodies in G1, all known outcomes of replication stress. Interference with the function of FOXM1, a transcription factor widely expressed in cancer, employing an aptamer, decreased radiation-induced micronuclei formation and cell transformation while plasmid-driven overexpression of FOXM1b was sufficient to induce replication stress, micronuclei formation and cell transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhentian Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - David S. Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Paul W. Doetsch
- Laboratory of Genomic Integrity and Structural Biology, NIH, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Erica Werner
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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30
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Shibui Y, Kohashi K, Tamaki A, Kinoshita I, Yamada Y, Yamamoto H, Taguchi T, Oda Y. The forkhead box M1 (FOXM1) expression and antitumor effect of FOXM1 inhibition in malignant rhabdoid tumor. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2020; 147:1499-1518. [PMID: 33221995 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-020-03438-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Malignant rhabdoid tumor (MRT) is a rare, highly aggressive sarcoma with an uncertain cell of origin. Despite the existing standard of intensive multimodal therapy, the prognosis of patients with MRT is very poor. Novel antitumor agents are needed for MRT patients. Forkhead box transcription factor 1 (FOXM1) is overexpressed and is correlated with the pathogenesis in several human malignancies. In this study, we identified the clinicopathological and prognostic values of the expression of FOXM1 and its roles in the progression of MRT. METHODS We investigated the FOXM1 expression levels and their clinical significance in 23 MRT specimens using immunohistochemistry and performed clinicopathologic and prognostic analyses. We also demonstrated correlations between the downregulation of FOXM1 and oncological characteristics using small interfering RNA (siRNA) and FOXM1 inhibitor in MRT cell lines. RESULTS Histopathological analyses revealed that primary renal MRTs showed significantly low FOXM1 protein expression levels (p = 0.032); however, there were no significant differences in other clinicopathological characteristics or the survival rate. FOXM1 siRNA and FOXM1 inhibitor (thiostrepton) successfully downregulated the mRNA and protein expression of FOXM1 in vitro and the downregulation of FOXM1 inhibited cell proliferation, drug resistance to chemotherapeutic agents, migration, invasion, and caused the cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of MRT cell lines. A cDNA microarray analysis showed that FOXM1 regulated FANCD2 and NBS1, which are key genes for DNA damage repair. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that FOXM1 may serve as a promising therapeutic target for MRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Shibui
- Department of Anatomic Pathology Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi3-1-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kenichi Kohashi
- Department of Anatomic Pathology Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi3-1-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Akihiko Tamaki
- Department of Anatomic Pathology Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi3-1-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Izumi Kinoshita
- Department of Anatomic Pathology Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi3-1-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yuichi Yamada
- Department of Anatomic Pathology Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi3-1-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Yamamoto
- Department of Anatomic Pathology Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi3-1-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Taguchi
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi3-1-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yoshinao Oda
- Department of Anatomic Pathology Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi3-1-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
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31
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Lee OH, Woo YM, Moon S, Lee J, Park H, Jang H, Park YY, Bae SK, Park KH, Heo JH, Choi Y. Sirtuin 6 deficiency induces endothelial cell senescence via downregulation of forkhead box M1 expression. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:20946-20967. [PMID: 33171439 PMCID: PMC7695388 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cellular senescence of endothelial cells causes vascular dysfunction, promotes atherosclerosis, and contributes to the development of age-related vascular diseases. Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6), a conserved NAD+-dependent protein deacetylase, has beneficial effects against aging, despite the fact that its functional mechanisms are largely uncharacterized. Here, we show that SIRT6 protects endothelial cells from senescence. SIRT6 expression is progressively decreased during both oxidative stress-induced senescence and replicative senescence. SIRT6 deficiency leads to endothelial dysfunction, growth arrest, and premature senescence. Using genetically engineered endothelial cell-specific SIRT6 knockout mice, we also show that down-regulation of SIRT6 expression in endothelial cells exacerbates vascular aging. Expression microarray analysis demonstrated that SIRT6 modulates the expression of multiple genes involved in cell cycle regulation. Specifically, SIRT6 appears to regulate the expression of forkhead box M1 (FOXM1), a critical transcription factor for cell cycle progression and senescence. Overexpression of FOXM1 ameliorates SIRT6 deficiency-induced endothelial cell senescence. In this work, we demonstrate the role of SIRT6 as an anti-aging factor in the vasculature. These data may provide the basis for future novel therapeutic approaches against age-related vascular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ok-Hee Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam-si 13488, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Mi Woo
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam-si 13488, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sohyeon Moon
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihyun Lee
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Haeun Park
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoon Jang
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.,Department of Life Science, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju-si 54896, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Yong Park
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Kyung Bae
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, BK21 PLUS Project, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun-Hong Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam-si 13488, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hoe Heo
- Department of Neurology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngsok Choi
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
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32
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Wilkinson HN, Hardman MJ. Senescence in Wound Repair: Emerging Strategies to Target Chronic Healing Wounds. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:773. [PMID: 32850866 PMCID: PMC7431694 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a fundamental stress response that restrains tumour formation. Yet, senescence cells are also present in non-cancerous states, accumulating exponentially with chronological age and contributing to age- and diabetes-related cellular dysfunction. The identification of hypersecretory and phagocytic behaviours in cells that were once believed to be non-functional has led to a recent explosion of senescence research. Here we discuss the profound, and often opposing, roles identified for short-lived vs. chronic tissue senescence. Transiently induced senescence is required for development, regeneration and acute wound repair, while chronic senescence is widely implicated in tissue pathology. We recently demonstrated that sustained senescence contributes to impaired diabetic healing via the CXCR2 receptor, which when blocked promotes repair. Further studies have highlighted the beneficial effects of targeting a range of senescence-linked processes to fight disease. Collectively, these findings hold promise for developing clinically viable strategies to tackle senescence in chronic wounds and other cutaneous pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly N Wilkinson
- Centre for Atherothrombosis and Metabolic Disease, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew J Hardman
- Centre for Atherothrombosis and Metabolic Disease, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, United Kingdom
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33
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Bigas J, Sevilla LM, Pérez P. Epidermal Mineralocorticoid Receptor Inactivation Affects the Homeostasis of All Skin Layers in Chronologically Aged Mice. J Invest Dermatol 2020; 140:1899-1908. [PMID: 32199993 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2020.03.933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The increased production of endogenous glucocorticoids (GCs) in the skin of the elderly population contributes to age-related defects strikingly similar to those occurring after pharmacologic treatments with GCs. GCs act through the ligand-dependent transcription factors GC receptor (GR) and mineralocorticoid receptor (MR). We reported that epidermal MR plays nonredundant roles relative to GR in adult mouse skin homeostasis; however, its relative contribution to natural skin aging has not been previously investigated. A 13-month-old MR epidermal knockout (MREKO) mice showed differential features of aging relative to controls (CO) in all skin compartments. MREKO mice were resistant to age-induced epidermal atrophy but showed reduced dermal thickness, with decreased collagen deposition and decreased SMAD2 and 3 activity. Importantly, the dermal white adipose tissue (dWAT) was 2.5-fold enlarged in 13-month MREKO versus CO, featuring adipocyte hyperplasia and hypertrophy at least in part through early increases in Pparg. These changes correlated with compartment-specific alterations in GC signaling. In addition, conditioned medium from MREKO keratinocytes increased adipocyte differentiation, indicating paracrine regulation of adipogenesis through mechanisms that include activation of β-catenin signaling. These findings highlight the importance of epidermal MR in regulating cross-talk among skin compartments in naturally aged skin through GC and β-catenin signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judit Bigas
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IBV-CSIC), Jaime Roig, Valencia, Spain
| | - Lisa M Sevilla
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IBV-CSIC), Jaime Roig, Valencia, Spain
| | - Paloma Pérez
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Valencia-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IBV-CSIC), Jaime Roig, Valencia, Spain.
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Bioinformatic framework for analysis of transcription factor changes as the molecular link between replicative cellular senescence signaling pathways and carcinogenesis. Biogerontology 2020; 21:357-366. [PMID: 32100207 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-020-09866-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a natural condition of irreversible cell cycle arrest and apoptotic resistance that occurs in cells exposed to various stress factors, such as replicative stress or overexpression of oncogenes. Unraveling the complex regulation of senescence in cells is essential to strengthen senescence-related therapeutic approaches in cancer, as cellular senescence plays a dual role in tumorigenesis, having both anti- and pro-tumorigenic effects. In our study we created a model of replicative cellular senescence, based on transcriptomic data, including an extra intermediate time-point prior to cells entering senescence, to elucidate the interplay of networks governing cellular senescence with networks involved in tumorigenesis. We reveal specific changes that occur in transcription factor activity at different timepoints before and after cells entering senescence and model the signaling networks that govern these changes.
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35
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Ciuffoli V, Lena AM, Gambacurta A, Melino G, Candi E. Myoblasts rely on TAp63 to control basal mitochondria respiration. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 10:3558-3573. [PMID: 30487319 PMCID: PMC6286837 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
p53, with its family members p63 and p73, have been shown to promote myoblast differentiation by regulation of the function of the retinoblastoma protein and by direct activation of p21Cip/Waf1 and p57Kip2, promoting cell cycle exit. In previous studies, we have demonstrated that the TAp63γ isoform is the only member of the p53 family that accumulates during in vitro myoblasts differentiation, and that its silencing led to delay in myotube fusion. To better dissect the role of TAp63γ in myoblast physiology, we have generated both sh-p63 and Tet-On inducible TAp63γ clones. Gene array analysis of sh-p63 C2C7 clones showed a significant modulation of genes involved in proliferation and cellular metabolism. Indeed, we found that sh-p63 C2C7 myoblasts present a higher proliferation rate and that, conversely, TAp63γ ectopic expression decreases myoblasts proliferation, indicating that TAp63γ specifically contributes to myoblasts proliferation, independently of p53 and p73. In addition, sh-p63 cells have a defect in mitochondria respiration highlighted by a reduction in spare respiratory capacity and a decrease in complex I, IV protein levels. These results demonstrated that, beside contributing to cell cycle exit, TAp63γ participates to myoblasts metabolism control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Ciuffoli
- Department of Experimental Medicine and TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Lena
- Department of Experimental Medicine and TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Gambacurta
- Department of Experimental Medicine and TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Gerry Melino
- Department of Experimental Medicine and TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.,MRC-Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Eleonora Candi
- Department of Experimental Medicine and TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.,IDI-IRCCS, Biochemistry laboratory, Rome, Italy
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36
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Smirnov A, Cappello A, Lena AM, Anemona L, Mauriello A, Di Daniele N, Annicchiarico-Petruzzelli M, Melino G, Candi E. ZNF185 is a p53 target gene following DNA damage. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 10:3308-3326. [PMID: 30446632 PMCID: PMC6286825 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The transcription factor p53 is a key player in the tumour suppressive DNA damage response and a growing number of target genes involved in these pathways has been identified. p53 has been shown to be implicated in controlling cell motility and its mutant form enhances metastasis by loss of cell directionality, but the p53 role in this context has not yet being investigated. Here, we report that ZNF185, an actin cytoskeleton-associated protein from LIM-family of Zn-finger proteins, is induced following DNA-damage. ChIP-seq analysis, chromatin crosslinking immune-precipitation experiments and luciferase assays demonstrate that ZNF185 is a bona fide p53 target gene. Upon genotoxic stress, caused by DNA-damaging drug etoposide and UVB irradiation, ZNF185 expression is up-regulated and in etoposide-treated cells, ZNF185 depletion does not affect cell proliferation and apoptosis, but interferes with actin cytoskeleton remodelling and cell polarization. Bioinformatic analysis of different types of epithelial cancers from both TCGA and GTEx databases showed a significant decrease in ZNF185 mRNA level compared to normal tissues. These findings are confirmed by tissue micro-array IHC staining. Our data highlight the involvement of ZNF185 and cytoskeleton changes in p53-mediated cellular response to genotoxic stress and indicate ZNF185 as potential biomarker for epithelial cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artem Smirnov
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Angela Cappello
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Lena
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Lucia Anemona
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Alessandro Mauriello
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Nicola Di Daniele
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome 00133, Italy
| | | | - Gerry Melino
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome 00133, Italy.,MRC-Toxicology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Eleonora Candi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome 00133, Italy.,Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata-IRCCS, Rome 00163, Italy
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37
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Roh V, Hiou-Feige A, Misetic V, Rivals JP, Sponarova J, Teh MT, Ferreira Lopes S, Truan Z, Mermod M, Monnier Y, Hess J, Tolstonog GV, Simon C. The transcription factor FOXM1 regulates the balance between proliferation and aberrant differentiation in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. J Pathol 2019; 250:107-119. [PMID: 31465124 DOI: 10.1002/path.5342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Sustained expression of FOXM1 is a hallmark of nearly all human cancers including squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck (HNSCC). HNSCCs partially preserve the epithelial differentiation program, which recapitulates fetal and adult traits of the tissue of tumor origin but is deregulated by genetic alterations and tumor-supporting pathways. Using shRNA-mediated knockdown, we demonstrate a minimal impact of FOXM1 on proliferation and migration of HNSCC cell lines under standard cell culture conditions. However, FOXM1 knockdown in three-dimensional (3D) culture and xenograft tumor models resulted in reduced proliferation, decreased invasion, and a more differentiated-like phenotype, indicating a context-dependent modulation of FOXM1 activity in HNSCC cells. By ectopic overexpression of FOXM1 in HNSCC cell lines, we demonstrate a reduced expression of cutaneous-type keratin K1 and involucrin as a marker of squamous differentiation, supporting the role of FOXM1 in modulation of aberrant differentiation in HNSCC. Thus, our data provide a strong rationale for targeting FOXM1 in HNSCC. © 2019 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Roh
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Agnès Hiou-Feige
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Vinko Misetic
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Paul Rivals
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jana Sponarova
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Muy-Teck Teh
- Centre for Oral Immunobiology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Dentistry, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Silvia Ferreira Lopes
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Zinnia Truan
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Maxime Mermod
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Yan Monnier
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jochen Hess
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital and Molecular Mechanisms of Head and Neck Tumors, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Genrich V Tolstonog
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Christian Simon
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Based on Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis Identification of Biomarkers in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients from Different Regions. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:1742341. [PMID: 31886176 PMCID: PMC6925735 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1742341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating statistics have shown that liver cancer causes the second highest mortality rate of cancer-related deaths worldwide, of which 80% is hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Given the underlying molecular mechanism of HCC pathology is not fully understood yet, identification of reliable predictive biomarkers is more applicable to improve patients' outcomes. The results of principal component analysis (PCA) showed that the grouped data from 1557 samples in Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) came from different populations, and the mean tumor purity of tumor tissues was 0.765 through the estimate package in R software. After integrating the differentially expressed genes (DEGs), we finally got 266 genes. Then, the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was established based on these DEGs, which contained 240 nodes and 1747 edges. FOXM1 was the core gene in module 1 and highly associated with FOXM1 transcription factor network pathway, while FTCD was the core gene in module 2 and was enriched in the metabolism of amino acids and derivatives. The expression levels of hub genes were in line with The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Meanwhile, there were certain correlations among the top ten genes in the up- and downregulated DEGs. Finally, Kaplan–Meier curves and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted for the top five genes in PPI. Apart from CDKN3, the others were closely concerned with overall survival. In this study, we detected the potential biomarkers and their involved biological processes, which would provide a new train of thought for clinical diagnosis and treatment.
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39
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IRF2 is a master regulator of human keratinocyte stem cell fate. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4676. [PMID: 31611556 PMCID: PMC6791852 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12559-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Resident adult epithelial stem cells maintain tissue homeostasis by balancing self-renewal and differentiation. The stem cell potential of human epidermal keratinocytes is retained in vitro but lost over time suggesting extrinsic and intrinsic regulation. Transcription factor-controlled regulatory circuitries govern cell identity, are sufficient to induce pluripotency and transdifferentiate cells. We investigate whether transcriptional circuitry also governs phenotypic changes within a given cell type by comparing human primary keratinocytes with intrinsically high versus low stem cell potential. Using integrated chromatin and transcriptional profiling, we implicate IRF2 as antagonistic to stemness and show that it binds and regulates active cis-regulatory elements at interferon response and antigen presentation genes. CRISPR-KD of IRF2 in keratinocytes with low stem cell potential increases self-renewal, migration and epidermis formation. These data demonstrate that transcription factor regulatory circuitries, in addition to maintaining cell identity, control plasticity within cell types and offer potential for therapeutic modulation of cell function. Epidermal homeostasis requires long term stem cell function. Here, the authors apply transcriptional circuitry analysis based on integrated epigenomic profiling of primary human keratinocytes with high and low stem cell function to identify IRF2 as a negative regulator of stemness.
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40
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Munn LL, Garkavtsev I. SLPI: a new target for stopping metastasis. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 10:13-14. [PMID: 29356683 PMCID: PMC5811255 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lance L Munn
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Igor Garkavtsev
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
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Hamledari H, Sajjadi SF, Alikhah A, Boroumand MA, Behmanesh M. ASGR1 but not FOXM1 expression decreases in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of diabetic atherosclerotic patients. J Diabetes Complications 2019; 33:539-546. [PMID: 31202960 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2019.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ASGR1 was recently shown to play a key role in the development of coronary artery disease (CAD), but its exact mechanism of action in the CAD pathogenesis is not yet known. This study evaluates the possible association between the expression level of ASGR1 and its downstream transcription factor FOXM1 in the inflammatory cells of peripheral blood (PBMC) and the pathogenesis of CAD in the Diabetic condition. METHODS Blood samples were taken from the candidates who had visited the Tehran Heart Center and had underwent diagnostic tests with respect to diabetes and CAD. The peripheral blood cells were harvested, RNA was extracted, and cDNA was synthesized. The qRT-PCR was performed on 79 cDNA samples taken from 49 CAD+ patients and 30 CAD- patients. RESULTS In this study, we observed a significant decrease of ASGR1 expression in the PBMC of CAD+ patients compared to the CAD- patients. We did not identify any considerable differences in the expression of FOXM1 in patients' subgroups with respect to the diabetes and CAD. CONCLUSION The results of our study determine the association of ASGR1 expression and CAD pathogenesis. However, we do not know whether this result is the cause or the effect of CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Homa Hamledari
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Fatemeh Sajjadi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Asieh Alikhah
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mehrdad Behmanesh
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
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Wu D, Pepowski B, Takahashi S, Kron SJ. A cmap-enabled gene expression signature-matching approach identifies small-molecule inducers of accelerated cell senescence. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:290. [PMID: 30987592 PMCID: PMC6466706 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-5653-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diverse stresses including genotoxic therapy can induce proliferating cancer cells to undergo cellular senescence and take on the characteristic phenotypes of replicative cellular aging. This accelerated or therapy-induced senescence has been alternatively proposed to contribute to therapeutic efficacy or resistance. Toward better understanding this cell state, we sought to define the core transcriptome of accelerated senescence in cancer cells. RESULTS We examined senescence induced by ionizing irradiation or ectopic overexpression of the stoichiometric cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor p21CIP/WAF1/SDI1 in the human breast cancer cell line MCF7. While radiation produces a strong DNA damage response, ectopic expression of p21 arrests cell cycle progression independently of DNA damage. Both conditions promoted senescence within 5 days. Microarray analysis revealed 378 up- and 391 down-regulated genes that were shared between the two conditions, representing a candidate signature. Systems analysis of the shared differentially expressed genes (DEGs) revealed strong signals for cell cycle control and DNA damage response pathways and predicted multiple upstream regulators previously linked to senescence. Querying the shared DEGs against the Connectivity Map (cmap) database of transcriptional responses to small molecules yielded 20 compounds that induce a similar gene expression pattern in MCF7 cells. Of 16 agents evaluated, six induced senescence on their own. Of these, the selective estrogen receptor degrader fulvestrant and the histone acetyltransferase inhibitor vorinostat did so without causing chromosomal damage. CONCLUSIONS Using a systems biology approach with experimental validation, we have defined a core gene expression signature for therapy-induced senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding Wu
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology and Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, The University of Chicago, 929 East 57th Street, GCIS W522A, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
| | - Brett Pepowski
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology and Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, The University of Chicago, 929 East 57th Street, GCIS W522A, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
| | - Satoe Takahashi
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611 USA
| | - Stephen J. Kron
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology and Ludwig Center for Metastasis Research, The University of Chicago, 929 East 57th Street, GCIS W522A, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
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Cao J, Jiang X, Peng X. Forkhead box M1 inhibits endothelial cell apoptosis and cell-cycle arrest through ROS generation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2018; 11:4899-4907. [PMID: 31949565 PMCID: PMC6962927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperglycemia, a characteristic feature of diabetes, induces vascular complications by accelerating endothelial cell (EC) apoptosis and limiting their proliferation. The potential role of Forkhead box M1 (FoxM1) in high glucose (HG)-induced EC injury remains largely unknown. We aimed to investigate the role and underlying mechanism of FoxM1 in regulating EC injury. MATERIAL AND METHODS Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were treated with various concentrations of glucose (5.5, 15, 30 and 50 mM). The expression of FoxM1 was determined via qPCR and western blotting. Overexpression of FoxM1 was achieved by transfection with FoxM1 overexpression plasmid. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, cell apoptotic rates, and cell cycle analysis were detected by flow cytometry, and cell proliferation was measured by CCK8 assay. RESULTS The expression level of FoxM1 was downregulated in HUVECs under HG condition when compared to cells with normal glucose. HG treatment induced overproduction of ROS and subsequent apoptosis. However, FoxM1 overexpression of FoxM1 reduced the levels of ROS and inhibited apoptosis. In addition, HG induced impairment of cell proliferation and caused cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phrase. Contrarily, FoxM1 overexpression promoted cell proliferation and alleviated G0/G1 cell cycle arrest caused by HG stimulation. Moreover, treatment with HG reduced phosphorylation of the Akt and ERK signaling pathways, and this was remarkably reversed by FoxM1 overexpression. CONCLUSION FoxM1 protects ECs from HG-induced growth arrest and cell apoptosis by suppressing ROS caused by the regulation of Akt and ERK pathways, which can aid in developing new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of EC dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Cao
- Department of Endocrinology, Tianjin First Center HospitalTianjin 300192, China
| | - Xia Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology, Tianjin First Center HospitalTianjin 300192, China
| | - Xi Peng
- Laboratory of Nankai University School of MedicalTianjin 300071, China
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Bonucci J, Gragnani A, Trincado MM, Vincentin V, Correa SAA, Ferreira LM. The role of vitamin C in the gene expression of oxidative stress markers in fibroblasts from burn patients. Acta Cir Bras 2018; 33:703-712. [DOI: 10.1590/s0102-865020180080000006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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45
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Macedo JC, Vaz S, Bakker B, Ribeiro R, Bakker PL, Escandell JM, Ferreira MG, Medema R, Foijer F, Logarinho E. FoxM1 repression during human aging leads to mitotic decline and aneuploidy-driven full senescence. Nat Commun 2018; 9:2834. [PMID: 30026603 PMCID: PMC6053425 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05258-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Aneuploidy, an abnormal chromosome number, has been linked to aging and age-associated diseases, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unknown. Here we show, through direct live-cell imaging of young, middle-aged, and old-aged primary human dermal fibroblasts, that aneuploidy increases with aging due to general dysfunction of the mitotic machinery. Increased chromosome mis-segregation in elderly mitotic cells correlates with an early senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) and repression of Forkhead box M1 (FoxM1), the transcription factor that drives G2/M gene expression. FoxM1 induction in elderly and Hutchison–Gilford progeria syndrome fibroblasts prevents aneuploidy and, importantly, ameliorates cellular aging phenotypes. Moreover, we show that senescent fibroblasts isolated from elderly donors’ cultures are often aneuploid, and that aneuploidy is a key trigger into full senescence phenotypes. Based on this feedback loop between cellular aging and aneuploidy, we propose modulation of mitotic efficiency through FoxM1 as a potential strategy against aging and progeria syndromes. Evidence for mitotic decline in aged cells and for aneuploidy-driven progression into full senescence is limited. Here, the authors find that in aged cells, mitotic gene repression leads to increased chromosome mis-segregation and aneuploidy that triggers permanent cell cycle arrest and full senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Catarina Macedo
- Aging and Aneuploidy Laboratory, IBMC, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal.,i3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sara Vaz
- Aging and Aneuploidy Laboratory, IBMC, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal.,i3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
| | - Bjorn Bakker
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Aging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, NL-9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rui Ribeiro
- Aging and Aneuploidy Laboratory, IBMC, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal.,i3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
| | - Petra Lammigje Bakker
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Aging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, NL-9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jose Miguel Escandell
- Telomere and Genome Stability Laboratory, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, 2781-901, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Miguel Godinho Ferreira
- Telomere and Genome Stability Laboratory, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, 2781-901, Oeiras, Portugal.,Telomere Shortening and Cancer Laboratory, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging (IRCAN), UMR7284, U1081, UNS, 06107, Nice, France
| | - René Medema
- Division of Cell Biology and Cancer Genomics Center, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Floris Foijer
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Aging, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, NL-9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Elsa Logarinho
- Aging and Aneuploidy Laboratory, IBMC, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal. .,i3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal. .,Cell Division Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Experimental Biology, Universidade do Porto, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal.
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Downreguation of FoxM1 by miR-214 inhibits proliferation and migration in hepatocellular carcinoma. Gene Ther 2018; 25:312-319. [DOI: 10.1038/s41434-018-0029-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 05/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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47
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Park YH, Kim HS, Lee JH, Choi SA, Kim JM, Oh GT, Kang SW, Kim SU, Yu DY. Peroxiredoxin I participates in the protection of reactive oxygen species-mediated cellular senescence. BMB Rep 2018; 50:528-533. [PMID: 28893373 PMCID: PMC5683823 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2017.50.10.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxiredoxin I (Prx I) plays an important role as a reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger in protecting and maintaining cellular homeostasis; however, the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. Here, we identified a critical role of Prx I in protecting cells against ROS-mediated cellular senescence by suppression of p16INK4a expression. Compared to wild-type mouse embryonic fibroblasts (WT-MEFs), Prx I−/− MEFs exhibited senescence-associated phenotypes. Moreover, the aged Prx I−/− mice showed an increased number of cells with senescence associated-β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) activity in a variety of tissues. Increased ROS levels and SA-β-gal activity, and reduction of chemical antioxidant in Prx I−/− MEF further supported an essential role of Prx I peroxidase activity in cellular senescence that is mediated by oxidative stress. The up-regulation of p16INK4a expression in Prx I−/− and suppression by overexpression of Prx I indicate that Prx I possibly modulate cellular senescence through ROS/p16INK4a pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Ho Park
- National Primate Research Center, and Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju 28116, Korea; Department of Functional Genomics, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea
| | - Hyun-Sun Kim
- Disease Model Research Laboratory, Genome Editing Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Jong-Hee Lee
- National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju 28116, Korea
| | - Seon-A Choi
- National Primate Research Center, and Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju 28116, Korea
| | - Jin-Man Kim
- College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Goo Taeg Oh
- Department of Life Sciences and Immune and Vascular Cell Network Research Center, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Sang Won Kang
- Department of Life Sciences and Cell Homeostasis Research Center, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Sun-Uk Kim
- National Primate Research Center, and Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju 28116, Korea; Department of Functional Genomics, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea
| | - Dae-Yeul Yu
- Disease Model Research Laboratory, Genome Editing Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Korea; Department of Functional Genomics, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea
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Abbadie C, Pluquet O, Pourtier A. Epithelial cell senescence: an adaptive response to pre-carcinogenic stresses? Cell Mol Life Sci 2017; 74:4471-4509. [PMID: 28707011 PMCID: PMC11107641 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-017-2587-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Revised: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Senescence is a cell state occurring in vitro and in vivo after successive replication cycles and/or upon exposition to various stressors. It is characterized by a strong cell cycle arrest associated with several molecular, metabolic and morphologic changes. The accumulation of senescent cells in tissues and organs with time plays a role in organismal aging and in several age-associated disorders and pathologies. Moreover, several therapeutic interventions are able to prematurely induce senescence. It is, therefore, tremendously important to characterize in-depth, the mechanisms by which senescence is induced, as well as the precise properties of senescent cells. For historical reasons, senescence is often studied with fibroblast models. Other cell types, however, much more relevant regarding the structure and function of vital organs and/or regarding pathologies, are regrettably often neglected. In this article, we will clarify what is known on senescence of epithelial cells and highlight what distinguishes it from, and what makes it like, replicative senescence of fibroblasts taken as a standard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinne Abbadie
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR 8161-M3T-Mechanisms of Tumorigenesis and Targeted Therapies, 59000, Lille, France.
| | - Olivier Pluquet
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR 8161-M3T-Mechanisms of Tumorigenesis and Targeted Therapies, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Albin Pourtier
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR 8161-M3T-Mechanisms of Tumorigenesis and Targeted Therapies, 59000, Lille, France
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Murdolo G, Bartolini D, Tortoioli C, Piroddi M, Torquato P, Galli F. Selenium and Cancer Stem Cells. Adv Cancer Res 2017; 136:235-257. [PMID: 29054420 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2017.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient that functions as "redox gatekeeper" and homeostasis factor of normal and cancer cells. Epidemiology and experimental studies, in the last years suggested that both inorganic and organic forms of Se may have favorable health effects. In this regard, a protective action of Se on cellular systems that may help preventing cancer cell differentiation has been demonstrated, while the hypothesis that Se compounds may cure cancer and its metastatic diffusion appears speculative and is still a matter of investigation. Indeed, the overall actions of Se compounds in carcinogenesis are controversial. The recognition that cancer is a stem cell disease instigated major paradigm shifts in our basic understanding of cancer and attracted a great deal of interest. Although current treatment approaches in cancer are grounded in the need to kill the majority of cancer cells, targeting cancer stem cells (CSCs) may hold great potential in improving cancer treatment. In this respect, Se compounds have been demonstrated modulating numerous signaling pathways involved in CSC biology and these findings are now stimulating further research on optimal Se concentrations, most effective and cancer-specific Se compounds, and inherent pathways involved in redox and metabolic regulation of CSCs. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge about the effects of Se compounds on CSCs, by focusing on redox-dependent pathways and main gene regulation checkpoints that affect self-renewal, differentiation, and migration responses in this subpopulation of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Murdolo
- Section of Internal Medicine, Endocrine and Metabolic Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
| | | | - Cristina Tortoioli
- Section of Internal Medicine, Endocrine and Metabolic Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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Nandi D, Cheema PS, Jaiswal N, Nag A. FoxM1: Repurposing an oncogene as a biomarker. Semin Cancer Biol 2017; 52:74-84. [PMID: 28855104 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2017.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The past few decades have witnessed a tremendous progress in understanding the biology of cancer, which has led to more comprehensive approaches for global gene expression profiling and genome-wide analysis. This has helped to determine more sophisticated prognostic and predictive signature markers for the prompt diagnosis and precise screening of cancer patients. In the search for novel biomarkers, there has been increased interest in FoxM1, an extensively studied transcription factor that encompasses most of the hallmarks of malignancy. Considering the attractive potential of this multifarious oncogene, FoxM1 has emerged as an important molecule implicated in initiation, development and progression of cancer. Bolstered with the skill to maneuver the proliferation signals, FoxM1 bestows resistance to contemporary anti-cancer therapy as well. This review sheds light on the large body of literature that has accumulated in recent years that implies that FoxM1 neoplastic functions can be used as a novel predictive, prognostic and therapeutic marker for different cancers. This assessment also highlights the key features of FoxM1 that can be effectively harnessed to establish FoxM1 as a strong biomarker in diagnosis and treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deeptashree Nandi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Pradeep Singh Cheema
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Neha Jaiswal
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Alo Nag
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, 110021, India.
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