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Sirakawin C, Lin D, Zhou Z, Wang X, Kelleher R, Huang S, Long W, Pires‐daSilva A, Liu Y, Wang J, Vinnikov IA. SKN-1/NRF2 upregulation by vitamin A is conserved from nematodes to mammals and is critical for lifespan extension in Caenorhabditis elegans. Aging Cell 2024; 23:e14064. [PMID: 38100161 PMCID: PMC10928581 DOI: 10.1111/acel.14064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Vitamin A (VA) is a micronutrient essential for the physiology of many organisms, but its role in longevity and age-related diseases remains unclear. In this work, we used Caenorhabditis elegans to study the impact of various bioactive compounds on lifespan. We demonstrate that VA extends lifespan and reduces lipofuscin and fat accumulation while increasing resistance to heat and oxidative stress. This resistance can be attributed to high levels of detoxifying enzymes called glutathione S-transferases, induced by the transcription factor skinhead-1 (SKN-1). Notably, VA upregulated the transcript levels of skn-1 or its mammalian ortholog NRF2 in both C. elegans, human cells, and liver tissues of mice. Moreover, the loss-of-function genetic models demonstrated a critical involvement of the SKN-1 pathway in longevity extension by VA. Our study thus provides novel insights into the molecular mechanism of anti-aging and anti-oxidative effects of VA, suggesting that this micronutrient could be used for the prevention and/or treatment of age-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaweewan Sirakawin
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Sheng Yushou Center of Cell Biology and Immunology, Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Dongfa Lin
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Sheng Yushou Center of Cell Biology and Immunology, Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering, School of Life SciencesJilin UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Ziyue Zhou
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Sheng Yushou Center of Cell Biology and Immunology, Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Xiaoxin Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | | | - Shangyuan Huang
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Sheng Yushou Center of Cell Biology and Immunology, Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Weimiao Long
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Sheng Yushou Center of Cell Biology and Immunology, Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | | | - Yu Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Sheng Yushou Center of Cell Biology and Immunology, Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Ilya A. Vinnikov
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Sheng Yushou Center of Cell Biology and Immunology, Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
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2
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Monteiro JP, Domingues MR, Calado R. Marine Animal Co-Products-How Improving Their Use as Rich Sources of Health-Promoting Lipids Can Foster Sustainability. Mar Drugs 2024; 22:73. [PMID: 38393044 PMCID: PMC10890326 DOI: 10.3390/md22020073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Marine lipids are recognized for their-health promoting features, mainly for being the primary sources of omega-3 fatty acids, and are therefore critical for human nutrition in an age when the global supply for these nutrients is experiencing an unprecedent pressure due to an ever-increasing demand. The seafood industry originates a considerable yield of co-products worldwide that, while already explored for other purposes, remain mostly undervalued as sustainable sources of healthy lipids, often being explored for low-value oil production. These co-products are especially appealing as lipid sources since, besides the well-known nutritional upside of marine animal fat, which is particularly rich in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, they also have interesting bioactive properties, which may garner them further interest, not only as food, but also for other high-end applications. Besides the added value that these co-products may represent as valuable lipid sources, there is also the obvious ecological upside of reducing seafood industry waste. In this sense, repurposing these bioresources will contribute to a more sustainable use of marine animal food, reducing the strain on already heavily depleted seafood stocks. Therefore, untapping the potential of marine animal co-products as valuable lipid sources aligns with both health and environmental goals by guaranteeing additional sources of healthy lipids and promoting more eco-conscious practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Pedro Monteiro
- Centro de Espetrometria de Massa, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- CESAM, Departamento de Química, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - M. Rosário Domingues
- Centro de Espetrometria de Massa, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- CESAM, Departamento de Química, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Calado
- ECOMARE, CESAM, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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3
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Fekete M, Lehoczki A, Tarantini S, Fazekas-Pongor V, Csípő T, Csizmadia Z, Varga JT. Improving Cognitive Function with Nutritional Supplements in Aging: A Comprehensive Narrative Review of Clinical Studies Investigating the Effects of Vitamins, Minerals, Antioxidants, and Other Dietary Supplements. Nutrients 2023; 15:5116. [PMID: 38140375 PMCID: PMC10746024 DOI: 10.3390/nu15245116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cognitive impairment and dementia are burgeoning public health concerns, especially given the increasing longevity of the global population. These conditions not only affect the quality of life of individuals and their families, but also pose significant economic burdens on healthcare systems. In this context, our comprehensive narrative review critically examines the role of nutritional supplements in mitigating cognitive decline. Amidst growing interest in non-pharmacological interventions for cognitive enhancement, this review delves into the efficacy of vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, and other dietary supplements. Through a systematic evaluation of randomized controlled trials, observational studies, and meta-analysis, this review focuses on outcomes such as memory enhancement, attention improvement, executive function support, and neuroprotection. The findings suggest a complex interplay between nutritional supplementation and cognitive health, with some supplements showing promising results and others displaying limited or context-dependent effectiveness. The review highlights the importance of dosage, bioavailability, and individual differences in response to supplementation. Additionally, it addresses safety concerns and potential interactions with conventional treatments. By providing a clear overview of current scientific knowledge, this review aims to guide healthcare professionals and researchers in making informed decisions about the use of nutritional supplements for cognitive health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónika Fekete
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1089 Budapest, Hungary; (M.F.); (S.T.)
| | - Andrea Lehoczki
- National Institute for Haematology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, South Pest Central Hospital, 1097 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Stefano Tarantini
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1089 Budapest, Hungary; (M.F.); (S.T.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, College of Public Health, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- Peggy and Charles Stephenson Oklahoma Cancer Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Vince Fazekas-Pongor
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1089 Budapest, Hungary; (M.F.); (S.T.)
| | - Tamás Csípő
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1089 Budapest, Hungary; (M.F.); (S.T.)
| | - Zoltán Csizmadia
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, 7621 Pécs, Hungary;
| | - János Tamás Varga
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, 1083 Budapest, Hungary
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4
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Villamarín E, Martínez B, Trigo M, Aubourg SP. Influence of Different Previous Frozen Holding Periods on the Canned Fish Quality. Foods 2023; 12:4117. [PMID: 38002175 PMCID: PMC10670115 DOI: 10.3390/foods12224117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The combined effects of thermal processing (i.e., sterilisation treatment) and the prior frozen storage time (3 or 6 months at -18 °C) on the quality loss in canned Atlantic horse mackerel (Trachurus trachurus) were determined. Thus, the sterilisation step led to a remarkable (p < 0.05) formation in the canned fish muscle of fluorescent compounds, free fatty acids (FFAs), and trimethylamine and an increase in the L* and b* colour parameters; meanwhile, a decrease (p < 0.05) in the total ω3 FA/total ω6 FA ratio and the a* colour value were detected. The prior frozen storage period led to an increased (p < 0.05) lipid oxidation (peroxide, thiobarbituric acid reactive substance, and fluorescent compound formation) and hydrolysis (FFA formation) development and to increased L* and b* colour values in the corresponding canned samples; additionally, a lower (p < 0.05) polyene index and phospholipid content were observed in canned fish previously subjected to frozen storage. In most indices, physico-chemical changes related to quality loss were found to be higher if the previous storage period was increased. According to the marked effects of the sterilisation step and the prior frozen storage period, the optimisation of such processing conditions is recommended to maximise the quality of canned horse mackerel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Villamarín
- Department of Food Technology, Marine Research Institute (CSIC), c/Eduardo Cabello, 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain; (E.V.); (M.T.)
| | - Beatriz Martínez
- Department of Food Technologies, CIFP Coroso, Avda. da Coruña, 174, 15960 Ribeira, Spain;
| | - Marcos Trigo
- Department of Food Technology, Marine Research Institute (CSIC), c/Eduardo Cabello, 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain; (E.V.); (M.T.)
| | - Santiago P. Aubourg
- Department of Food Technology, Marine Research Institute (CSIC), c/Eduardo Cabello, 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain; (E.V.); (M.T.)
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5
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Méndez L, Rodríguez A, Aubourg SP, Medina I. Low-Toxicity Solvents for the Extraction of Valuable Lipid Compounds from Octopus ( Octopus vulgaris) Waste. Foods 2023; 12:3631. [PMID: 37835284 PMCID: PMC10572350 DOI: 10.3390/foods12193631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This study focused on the recovery of valuable lipid compounds from octopus (Octopus vulgaris) by-products. Extraction conditions of total lipids (TLs), phospholipids (PLs), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) were optimized by employing a Simplex-Lattice design; for it, different relative concentrations of three low-toxicity solvents (ethanol, acetone, and ethyl acetate) were considered. The optimization process was also addressed in reference to fatty acid (FA) ratios (total polyunsaturated FAs/total saturated FAs and total ω3 FAs/total ω6 FAs). The variance analysis of multiple regression data demonstrated that the quadratic model was significant (p < 0.05) for TL, PL, and DHA values and the ω3/ω6 ratio. As a result, the following optimized values were obtained: 113.8 g·kg-1 dry by-products (TLs), 217.3 g·kg-1 lipids (PLs), 22.55 g·100 g-1 total FAs (DHA), and 3.70 (ω3/ω6 ratio). According to the model developed, optimized values were shown to correspond to the following relative solvent concentrations (ethanol/acetone/ethyl acetate): 0.46/0.00/0.54, 0.93/0.07/0.00, 0.83/0.17/0.00, and 0.64/0.00/0.36, respectively. Comparison to yields obtained by the conventional chloroform/methanol method was carried out. A novel strategy based on the employment of low-toxicity solvents is proposed for the extraction of valuable lipid constituents from octopus waste. A different solvent ratio would be necessary according to the lipid compound concerned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Méndez
- Department of Food Technology, Marine Research Institute (CSIC), 36208 Vigo, Spain
| | - Alicia Rodríguez
- Department of Food Science and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago 8380494, Chile
| | - Santiago P Aubourg
- Department of Food Technology, Marine Research Institute (CSIC), 36208 Vigo, Spain
| | - Isabel Medina
- Department of Food Technology, Marine Research Institute (CSIC), 36208 Vigo, Spain
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6
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Aubourg SP, Rodríguez A, Trigo M, Medina I. Yield Enhancement of Valuable Lipid Compounds from Squid ( Doryteuthis gahi) Waste by Ethanol/Acetone Extraction. Foods 2023; 12:2649. [PMID: 37509742 PMCID: PMC10379310 DOI: 10.3390/foods12142649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The study focused on the extraction of valuable lipid compounds from squid (Doryteuthis gahi) waste by a low-toxicity solvent mixture (ethanol/acetone, 50:50, v/v). The effect of the waste weight/solvent volume (WW/SV, g·mL-1) ratio and the number of extractions (NoE) on the total lipid (TL), phospholipid (PL), and tocopherol yields and on the fatty acid (FA) profile (eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid contents; polyunsaturated FAs/saturated FAs and ω3/ω6 ratios) was investigated. As a result, an increased NoE led to an increased (p < 0.05) TL yield but a decreased (p < 0.05) proportion of PLs in the lipid extract. Additionally, a lower (p < 0.05) polyunsaturated FA/saturated FA ratio was detected by increasing the NoE. Some differences (p < 0.05) could be outlined as a result of increasing the WW/SV ratio; however, a definite trend for this extraction condition could not be concluded for any of the lipid parameters measured. Yield results were compared to those obtained by the conventional chloroform/methanol procedure. In order to attain an increased yield, the NoE required would depend on the polarity degree of the lipid molecule concerned. All ethanol/acetone extracting conditions tested led to remarkable yields for lipid compounds (PLs, α-tocopherol, ω3 FAs) and FA ratios with healthy, nutritional, and preserving properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago P Aubourg
- Department of Food Technology, Marine Research Institute (CSIC), c/E. Cabello, 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain
| | - Alicia Rodríguez
- Department of Food Science and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, c/Santos Dumont, 964, Santiago 8380000, Chile
| | - Marcos Trigo
- Department of Food Technology, Marine Research Institute (CSIC), c/E. Cabello, 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain
| | - Isabel Medina
- Department of Food Technology, Marine Research Institute (CSIC), c/E. Cabello, 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain
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7
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Carrera I, Corzo L, Naidoo V, Martínez-Iglesias O, Cacabelos R. Cardiovascular and lipid-lowering effects of a marine lipoprotein extract in a high-fat diet-induced obesity mouse model. Int J Med Sci 2023; 20:292-306. [PMID: 36860672 PMCID: PMC9969509 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.80727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a major health challenge worldwide, with implications for diabetes, hypertension and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Regular consumption of dark-meat fish is linked to a lower incidence of CVD and associated metabolic disorders due to the presence of long-chain omega-3 fatty acid ethyl esters in fish oils. The aim of the present study was to determine whether a marine compound like a sardine lipoprotein extract (RCI-1502), regulates fat accumulation in the heart of a high-fat diet-induced (HFD) mouse model of obesity. To investigate its effects in the heart and liver, we conducted a randomized, 12-week placebo-controlled study in which we analyzed the expression of vascular inflammation markers, obesity biochemical patterns and related CVD pathologies. Male HFD-fed mice treated with a RCI-1502-supplemented diet showed reduced body weight, abdominal fat tissue and pericardial fat pad mass density without systemic toxicity. RCI-1502 significantly reduced triacylglyceride, low-density lipoprotein and total-cholesterol concentrations in serum, but increased HDL-cholesterol levels. Our data show that RCI-1502 is beneficial for reducing obesity associated with a long-term HFD, possibly by exerting a protective effect on lipidic homeostasis, indicated also by histopathological analysis. These results collectively indicate that RCI-1502 acts as a cardiovascular therapeutic nutraceutical agent, which modulates fat-induced inflammation and improves metabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iván Carrera
- EuroEspes Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science and Genomic Medicine, 15165-Bergondo, Corunna, Spain
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8
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Natural Compounds and Products from an Anti-Aging Perspective. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27207084. [PMID: 36296673 PMCID: PMC9610014 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27207084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is a very complex process that is accompanied by a degenerative impairment in many of the major functions of the human body over time. This inevitable process is influenced by hereditary factors, lifestyle, and environmental influences such as xenobiotic pollution, infectious agents, UV radiation, diet-borne toxins, and so on. Many external and internal signs and symptoms are related with the aging process and senescence, including skin dryness and wrinkles, atherosclerosis, diabetes, neurodegenerative disorders, cancer, etc. Oxidative stress, a consequence of the imbalance between pro- and antioxidants, is one of the main provoking factors causing aging-related damages and concerns, due to the generation of highly reactive byproducts such as reactive oxygen and nitrogen species during the metabolism, which result in cellular damage and apoptosis. Antioxidants can prevent these processes and extend healthy longevity due to the ability to inhibit the formation of free radicals or interrupt their propagation, thereby lowering the level of oxidative stress. This review focuses on supporting the antioxidant system of the organism by balancing the diet through the consumption of the necessary amount of natural ingredients, including vitamins, minerals, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), essential amino acids, probiotics, plants’ fibers, nutritional supplements, polyphenols, some phytoextracts, and drinking water.
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Khan H, Patel S, Majumdar A. Role of NRF2 and Sirtuin activators in COVID-19. Clin Immunol 2021; 233:108879. [PMID: 34798239 PMCID: PMC8592856 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2021.108879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 is a pandemic requiring immediate solution for treatment because of its complex pathophysiology. Exploration of novel targets and thus treatment will be life savers which is the need of the hour. 2 host factors- TMPRSS2 and ACE2 are responsible for the way the virus will enter and replicate in the host. Also NRF2 is an important protein responsible for its anti-inflammatory role by multiple mechanisms of action like inhibition of NF-kB, suppression of pro-inflammatory genes, etc. NRF2 is deacetylated by Sirtuins and therefore both have a direct association. Absence of SIRT indicates inhibition of NRF2 expression and thus no anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory protection for the cell. Therefore, we propose that NRF2 activators and/or SIRT activators can be evaluated to check their efficacy in ameliorating the symptoms of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasnat Khan
- Department of Pharmacology, Bombay College of Pharmacy, Mumbai 400098, India
| | - Shivangi Patel
- Department of Pharmacology, Bombay College of Pharmacy, Mumbai 400098, India
| | - Anuradha Majumdar
- Department of Pharmacology, Bombay College of Pharmacy, Mumbai 400098, India.
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10
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Assessing the Potential of Nutraceuticals as Geroprotectors on Muscle Performance and Cognition in Aging Mice. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10091415. [PMID: 34573047 PMCID: PMC8472831 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10091415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging and frailty are associated with a decline in muscle force generation, which is a direct consequence of reduced muscle quantity and quality. Among the leading contributors to aging is the generation of reactive oxygen species, the byproducts of terminal oxidation. Their negative effects can be moderated via antioxidant supplementation. Krill oil and astaxanthin (AX) are nutraceuticals with a variety of health promoting, geroprotective, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic and anti-fatigue effects. In this work, we examined the functional effects of these two nutraceutical agents supplemented via pelleted chow in aging mice by examining in vivo and in vitro skeletal muscle function, along with aspects of intracellular and mitochondrial calcium homeostasis, as well as cognition and spatial memory. AX diet regimen limited weight gain compared to the control group; however, this phenomenon was not accompanied by muscle tissue mass decline. On the other hand, both AX and krill oil supplementation increased force production without altering calcium homeostasis during excitation-contraction coupling mechanism or mitochondrial calcium uptake processes. We also provide evidence of improved spatial memory and learning ability in aging mice because of krill oil supplementation. Taken together, our data favors the application of antioxidant nutraceuticals as geroprotectors to improve cognition and healthy aging by virtue of improved skeletal muscle force production.
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Ramirez-Tortosa CL, Varela-López A, Navarro-Hortal MD, Ramos-Pleguezuelos FM, Márquez-Lobo B, Ramirez-Tortosa MC, Ochoa JJ, Battino M, Quiles JL. Longevity and Cause of Death in Male Wistar Rats Fed Lifelong Diets Based on Virgin Olive Oil, Sunflower Oil, or Fish Oil. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2020; 75:442-451. [PMID: 30953048 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glz091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Extending life by delaying the aging process has been proven to be the most effective way to fight multiple chronic diseases in elderly adults. Evidence suggests that longevity is inversely related to unsaturation of membrane phospholipids. This study investigated how different unsaturated dietary fats affect life span and cause of death in male Wistar rats fed diets based on virgin olive oil (V), sunflower oil (S), or fish oil (F), which were supplemented or not with Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10). Previous results suggest that individual longevity and survival probability at different ages may be modulated by an appropriate dietary fat treatment. Lifelong feeding with V or F diets would reduce death probability compared to feeding with S diet at certain ages, although the effects of V diet would be maintained for most of life. Furthermore, the addition of lower amounts of CoQ10 reduced mortality associated with S diet, but CoQ10 had no effect on survival when combined with virgin olive oil or fish oil. Supplementation with low doses of CoQ10 failed to increase the maximum life span potential of rats fed a V or F diet. No clear evidence showing that monounsaturated fatty acids, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, or CoQ10 exerted the observed effects by modulating the rate of aging has been found.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alfonso Varela-López
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche (DISCO)-Sez. Biochimica, Facoltà di Medicina, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Maria D Navarro-Hortal
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "Jose Mataix," Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Armilla, Granada
| | | | | | - MCarmen Ramirez-Tortosa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "Jose Mataix," Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Armilla, Granada, Spain
| | - Julio J Ochoa
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "Jose Mataix," Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Armilla, Granada
| | - Maurizio Battino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche ed Odontostomatologiche (DISCO)-Sez. Biochimica, Facoltà di Medicina, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - José L Quiles
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "Jose Mataix," Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Armilla, Granada
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12
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Arellanes IC, Choe N, Solomon V, He X, Kavin B, Martinez AE, Kono N, Buennagel DP, Hazra N, Kim G, D'Orazio LM, McCleary C, Sagare A, Zlokovic BV, Hodis HN, Mack WJ, Chui HC, Harrington MG, Braskie MN, Schneider LS, Yassine HN. Brain delivery of supplemental docosahexaenoic acid (DHA): A randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial. EBioMedicine 2020; 59:102883. [PMID: 32690472 PMCID: PMC7502665 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.102883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Past clinical trials of docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) supplements for the prevention of Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia have used lower doses and have been largely negative. We hypothesized that larger doses of DHA are needed for adequate brain bioavailability and that APOE4 is associated with reduced delivery of DHA and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) to the brain before the onset of cognitive impairment. METHODS 33 individuals were provided with a vitamin B complex (1 mg vitamin B12, 100 mg of vitamin B6 and 800 mcg of folic acid per day) and randomized to 2,152 mg of DHA per day or placebo over 6 months. 26 individuals completed both lumbar punctures and MRIs, and 29 completed cognitive assessments at baseline and 6 months. The primary outcome was the change in CSF DHA. Secondary outcomes included changes in CSF EPA levels, MRI hippocampal volume and entorhinal thickness; exploratory outcomes were measures of cognition. FINDINGS A 28% increase in CSF DHA and 43% increase in CSF EPA were observed in the DHA treatment arm compared to placebo (mean difference for DHA (95% CI): 0.08 µg/mL (0.05, 0.10), p<0.0001; mean difference for EPA: 0.008 µg/mL (0.004, 0.011), p<0.0001). The increase in CSF EPA in non-APOE4 carriers after supplementation was three times greater than APOE4 carriers. The change in brain volumes and cognitive scores did not differ between groups. INTERPRETATION Dementia prevention trials using omega-3 supplementation doses equal or lower to 1 g per day may have reduced brain effects, particularly in APOE4 carriers. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT02541929. FUNDING HNY was supported by R01AG055770, R01AG054434, R01AG067063 from the National Institute of Aging and NIRG-15-361854 from the Alzheimer's Association, and MGH by the L. K. Whittier Foundation. This work was also supported by P50AG05142 (HCC) from the National Institutes of Health. Funders had no role in study design, data collection, data analysis, interpretation, or writing of the report.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicholas Choe
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine USC, United States
| | - Victoria Solomon
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine USC, United States
| | - Xulei He
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine USC, United States
| | - Brian Kavin
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine USC, United States
| | | | - Naoko Kono
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine USC, United States
| | | | - Nalini Hazra
- Imaging Genetics Center, Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, USC, United States
| | - Giselle Kim
- Imaging Genetics Center, Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, USC, United States
| | - Lina M D'Orazio
- Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine USC, United States
| | - Carol McCleary
- Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine USC, United States
| | - Abhay Sagare
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Keck School of Medicine USC, United States
| | - Berislav V Zlokovic
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Keck School of Medicine USC, United States
| | - Howard N Hodis
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine USC, United States; Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine USC, United States
| | - Wendy J Mack
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine USC, United States
| | - Helena C Chui
- Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine USC, United States
| | - Michael G Harrington
- Huntington Medical Research Institutes, CA, United States; Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine USC, United States
| | - Meredith N Braskie
- Imaging Genetics Center, Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, USC, United States
| | - Lon S Schneider
- Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine USC, United States; Department of Psychiatry and the Behavioral Sciences, Keck School of Medicine USC, United States
| | - Hussein N Yassine
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine USC, United States; Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine USC, United States.
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13
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Russ DW, Dimova K, Morris E, Pacheco M, Garvey SM, Scordilis SP. Dietary fish oil supplement induces age-specific contractile and proteomic responses in muscles of male rats. Lipids Health Dis 2020; 19:165. [PMID: 32646455 PMCID: PMC7350698 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-020-01333-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Dietary fish oil (DFO) has been identified as a micronutrient supplement with the potential to improve musculoskeletal health in old age. Few data are available for effects of DFO on muscle contractility, despite the significant negative impact of muscle weakness on age-related health outcomes. Accordingly, the effects of a DFO intervention on the contractile function and proteomic profile of adult and aged in an animal model of aging were investigated. Methods This preliminary study evaluated 14 adult (8 months) and 12 aged (22 months) male, Sprague-Dawley rats consuming a DFO-supplemented diet or a control diet for 8 weeks (7 adult and 6 aged/dietary group). Animal weight, food intake and grip strength were assessed at the start and end of the FO intervention. In situ force and contractile properties were measured in the medial gastrocnemius muscle following the intervention and muscles were processed for 2-D gel electrophoresis and proteomic analysis via liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry, confirmed by immunoblotting. Effects of age, diet and age x diet interaction were evaluated by 2-way ANOVA. Results A significant (P = 0.022) main effect for DFO to increase (~ 15%) muscle contractile force was observed, without changes in muscle mass. Proteomic analysis revealed a small number of proteins that differed across age and dietary groups at least 2-fold, most of which related to metabolism and oxidative stress. In seven of these proteins (creatine kinase, triosephosphate isomerase, pyruvate kinase, parvalbumin, beta-enolase, NADH dehydrogenase and Parkin7/DJ1), immunoblotting corroborated these findings. Parvalbumin showed only an effect of diet (increased with DFO) (P = 0.003). Significant age x diet interactions were observed in the other proteins, generally demonstrating increased expression in adult and decreased expression aged rats consuming DFO (all P > 0.011). However, correlational analyses revealed no significant associations between contractile parameters and protein abundances. Conclusions Results of this preliminary study support the hypothesis that DFO can enhance musculoskeletal health in adult and aged muscles, given the observed improvement in contractile function. The fish oil supplement also alters protein expression in an age-specific manner, but the relationship between proteomic and contractile responses remains unclear. Further investigation to better understand the magnitude and mechanisms muscular effects of DFO in aged populations is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- David W Russ
- School of Physical Therapy & Rehabilitation Sciences, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., Tampa, FL, MDC77, USA. .,Ohio Musculoskeletal and Neurological Institute (OMNI), Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Athens, OH, USA.
| | - Kalina Dimova
- Center for Proteomics, Smith College, Northampton, MA, USA.,Program in Biochemistry, Smith College, Northampton, MA, USA
| | - Emily Morris
- Program in Biochemistry, Smith College, Northampton, MA, USA
| | | | - Sean M Garvey
- Abbott Nutrition R&D, 3300 Stelzer Road, Columbus, OH, USA.,Present address: BIO-CAT, 9117 3 Notch Rd, Troy, VA, 22974, USA
| | - Stylianos P Scordilis
- Center for Proteomics, Smith College, Northampton, MA, USA.,Program in Biochemistry, Smith College, Northampton, MA, USA
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14
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Long-Term Feeding of a High-Fat Diet Ameliorated Age-Related Phenotypes in SAMP8 Mice. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12051416. [PMID: 32423039 PMCID: PMC7285040 DOI: 10.3390/nu12051416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
High-fat diets (HFD) have been thought to increase the risk of obesity and metabolic syndrome, as well as shorten lifespan. On the other hand, chrono-nutritional studies have shown that time-restricted feeding during active phase significantly suppresses the induction of HFD-induced obesity in mouse model. However, the long-term effects of time-restricted HFD feeding on aging are unknown. Therefore, in this study, we set up a total of four groups: mutual combination of ad libitum feeding or night-time-restricted feeding (NtRF) and an HFD or a control diet. We examined their long-term effects in a senescence-accelerated mouse strain, SAMP8, for over a year. Hearing ability, cognitive function, and other behavioral and physiological indexes were evaluated during the study. Unexpectedly, SAMP8 mice did not show early onset of death caused by the prolonged HFD intake, and both HFD and NtRF retarded age-related hearing loss (AHL). NtRF improved grip strength and cognitive memory scores, while HFD weakly suppressed age-related worsening of the appearance scores associated with the eyes. Notably, the HFD also retarded the progression of AHL in both DBA/2J and C57BL/6J mice. These results suggest that HFD prevents aging unless metabolic disorders occur and that HFD and NtRF are independently effective in retarding aging; thus, the combination of HFD and chrono-nutritional feeding may be an effective anti-aging strategy.
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15
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Lordan R, Redfern S, Tsoupras A, Zabetakis I. Inflammation and cardiovascular disease: are marine phospholipids the answer? Food Funct 2020; 11:2861-2885. [DOI: 10.1039/c9fo01742a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This review presents the latest research on the cardioprotective effects of n-3 fatty acids (FA) and n-3 FA bound to polar lipids (PL). Overall, n-3 PL may have enhanced bioavailability and potentially bioactivityversusfree FA and ester forms of n-3 FA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronan Lordan
- Department of Biological Sciences
- University of Limerick
- Limerick
- Ireland
- Health Research Institute (HRI)
| | - Shane Redfern
- Department of Biological Sciences
- University of Limerick
- Limerick
- Ireland
| | - Alexandros Tsoupras
- Department of Biological Sciences
- University of Limerick
- Limerick
- Ireland
- Health Research Institute (HRI)
| | - Ioannis Zabetakis
- Department of Biological Sciences
- University of Limerick
- Limerick
- Ireland
- Health Research Institute (HRI)
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16
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Johnson AA, Stolzing A. The role of lipid metabolism in aging, lifespan regulation, and age-related disease. Aging Cell 2019; 18:e13048. [PMID: 31560163 PMCID: PMC6826135 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 08/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
An emerging body of data suggests that lipid metabolism has an important role to play in the aging process. Indeed, a plethora of dietary, pharmacological, genetic, and surgical lipid‐related interventions extend lifespan in nematodes, fruit flies, mice, and rats. For example, the impairment of genes involved in ceramide and sphingolipid synthesis extends lifespan in both worms and flies. The overexpression of fatty acid amide hydrolase or lysosomal lipase prolongs life in Caenorhabditis elegans, while the overexpression of diacylglycerol lipase enhances longevity in both C. elegans and Drosophila melanogaster. The surgical removal of adipose tissue extends lifespan in rats, and increased expression of apolipoprotein D enhances survival in both flies and mice. Mouse lifespan can be additionally extended by the genetic deletion of diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1, treatment with the steroid 17‐α‐estradiol, or a ketogenic diet. Moreover, deletion of the phospholipase A2 receptor improves various healthspan parameters in a progeria mouse model. Genome‐wide association studies have found several lipid‐related variants to be associated with human aging. For example, the epsilon 2 and epsilon 4 alleles of apolipoprotein E are associated with extreme longevity and late‐onset neurodegenerative disease, respectively. In humans, blood triglyceride levels tend to increase, while blood lysophosphatidylcholine levels tend to decrease with age. Specific sphingolipid and phospholipid blood profiles have also been shown to change with age and are associated with exceptional human longevity. These data suggest that lipid‐related interventions may improve human healthspan and that blood lipids likely represent a rich source of human aging biomarkers.
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17
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Matsuda H, Matsuda M, Koshizaka M, Matsuda Y, Sakamoto K, Yokote K, Matsuda Y, Takemoto M. Evaluation of a high serum docosahexaenoic acid level as a predictor of longevity among elderly residents at a special nursing home. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2019; 18:980-982. [PMID: 29924493 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.13297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Matsuda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Miho Matsuda
- Gerontopia Niigata, Special Nursing Home for the Elderly, Niigata, Japan
| | - Masaya Koshizaka
- Department of Clinical Cell Biology and Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan.,Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | | | - Kenichi Sakamoto
- Department of Clinical Cell Biology and Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan.,Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Koutaro Yokote
- Department of Clinical Cell Biology and Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan.,Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | | | - Minoru Takemoto
- Department of Clinical Cell Biology and Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan.,Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, International University of Health and Welfare, Chiba, Japan
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18
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Martel J, Ojcius DM, Ko YF, Chang CJ, Young JD. Antiaging effects of bioactive molecules isolated from plants and fungi. Med Res Rev 2019; 39:1515-1552. [PMID: 30648267 DOI: 10.1002/med.21559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Martel
- Center for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Chang Gung University; Taoyuan Taiwan Republic of China
- Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital; Taoyuan Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - David M. Ojcius
- Center for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Chang Gung University; Taoyuan Taiwan Republic of China
- Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital; Taoyuan Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; University of the Pacific, Arthur Dugoni School of Dentistry; San Francisco California
| | - Yun-Fei Ko
- Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital; Taoyuan Taiwan, Republic of China
- Chang Gung Biotechnology Corporation; Taipei Taiwan Republic of China
- Biochemical Engineering Research Center, Ming Chi University of Technology; New Taipei City Taiwan Republic of China
| | - Chih-Jung Chang
- Center for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Chang Gung University; Taoyuan Taiwan Republic of China
- Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital; Taoyuan Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University; Taoyuan Taiwan Republic of China
- Research Center of Bacterial Pathogenesis, Chang Gung University; Taoyuan Taiwan Republic of China
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University; Taoyuan Taiwan Republic of China
| | - John D. Young
- Center for Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Chang Gung University; Taoyuan Taiwan Republic of China
- Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital; Taoyuan Taiwan, Republic of China
- Chang Gung Biotechnology Corporation; Taipei Taiwan Republic of China
- Biochemical Engineering Research Center, Ming Chi University of Technology; New Taipei City Taiwan Republic of China
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19
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Champigny CM, Cormier RPJ, Simard CJ, St-Coeur PD, Fortin S, Pichaud N. Omega-3 Monoacylglyceride Effects on Longevity, Mitochondrial Metabolism and Oxidative Stress: Insights from Drosophila melanogaster. Mar Drugs 2018; 16:md16110453. [PMID: 30453574 PMCID: PMC6266923 DOI: 10.3390/md16110453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
During the last decade, essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) such as eicosatetraenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) derived from marine sources have been investigated as nonpharmacological dietary supplements to improve different pathological conditions, as well as aging. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of dietary n-3 PUFA monoacylglycerides (MAG, both EPA and DHA) on the mitochondrial metabolism and oxidative stress of a short-lifespan model, Drosophila melanogaster, sampled at five different ages. Our results showed that diets supplemented with MAG-EPA and MAG-DHA increased median lifespan by 14.6% and decreased mitochondrial proton leak resulting in an increase of mitochondrial coupling. The flies fed on MAG-EPA also had higher electron transport system capacity and mitochondrial oxidative capacities. Moreover, both n-3 PUFAs delayed the occurrence of lipid peroxidation but only flies fed the MAG-EPA diet showed maintenance of superoxide dismutase activity during aging. Our study therefore highlights the potential of n-3 PUFA monoacylglycerides as nutraceutical compounds to delay the onset of senescence by acting directly or indirectly on the mitochondrial metabolism and suggests that Drosophila could be a relevant model for the study of the fundamental mechanisms linking the effects of n-3 PUFAs to aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille M Champigny
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Université de Moncton, Moncton, NB E1A 3E9, Canada.
| | - Robert P J Cormier
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Université de Moncton, Moncton, NB E1A 3E9, Canada.
| | - Chloé J Simard
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Université de Moncton, Moncton, NB E1A 3E9, Canada.
| | - Patrick-Denis St-Coeur
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Université de Moncton, Moncton, NB E1A 3E9, Canada.
| | | | - Nicolas Pichaud
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Université de Moncton, Moncton, NB E1A 3E9, Canada.
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20
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Russ DW, Garvey SM, Densmore C, Hawks T, Herman S, Pardi K. Effect of acute muscle contusion injury, with and without dietary fish oil, on adult and aged male rats: contractile and biochemical responses. Exp Gerontol 2018; 111:241-252. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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21
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Marshall S, van der Meij B. Fish and omega-3 intake and health in older people. Maturitas 2018; 115:117-118. [DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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22
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Luo C, Ren H, Yao X, Shi Z, Liang F, Kang JX, Wan JB, Pei Z, Su KP, Su H. Enriched Brain Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Confer Neuroprotection against Microinfarction. EBioMedicine 2018; 32:50-61. [PMID: 29880270 PMCID: PMC6021265 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2018] [Revised: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cerebral microinfarcts have significant effects on the development of geriatric neurological disorders, including vascular dementia and Alzheimer's disease. However, little is known about the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in the evolution of microinfarcts and potential treatment and prevention against these microvascular ischemic lesions. In the present study, the "single cortical microinfarct model" generated via occluding a penetrating arteriole by femtosecond laser ablation and the "multiple diffuse microinfarcts model" induced by unilateral injection of cholesterol crystals through the internal carotid artery were established to investigate the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the evolution of microinfarcts and the effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFAs) on alleviating microinfarct burdens and functional deficits. The occlusion of a single penetrating arteriole led to a distinct cortical microinfarct, which manifested as neuronal loss and occupation of activated glial cells in the ischemic core. Using Fat-1 transgenic mice and fish oil supplements, we demonstrated that both endogenously-generated and exogenously-delivered ω-3 PUFAs significantly inhibited the activation of receptor-interacting serine/threonine protein kinases 1 (RIPK1) and its downstream apoptosis-associated proteins, mitigated cell apoptosis, and anatomically reduced the microinfarct size. The protective effects of ω-3 PUFAs against microinfarcts were further verified in a multiple diffuse microinfarcts model, where ω-3 PUFAs significantly attenuated cell apoptosis as revealed by TUNEL staining, alleviated the diffuse microinfarct burdens and remarkably improved the functional deficits as evidenced by reduced spontaneous anxiety, increased preference for the novel object, and improved hippocampal-based learning and short-term memory. Together, these findings demonstrate that enriched brain ω-3 PUFAs are effective for reducing microinfarct burdens and improving the function deficits, which support the clinical research and application of ω-3 PUFAs in the treatment or prophylaxis in vascular dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanming Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China; Department of Neurology, Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 510080, China
| | - Huixia Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Xiaoli Yao
- Department of Neurology, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Zhe Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Fengyin Liang
- Department of Neurology, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jing X Kang
- Laboratory for Lipid Medicine and Technology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jian-Bo Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Zhong Pei
- Department of Neurology, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Kuan-Pin Su
- Department of Psychiatry & Mind-Body Interface Laboratory (MBI-Lab), China Medical University Hospital, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Huanxing Su
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China.
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23
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Fan R, Koehler K, Chung S. Adaptive thermogenesis by dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids: Emerging evidence and mechanisms. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2018; 1864:59-70. [PMID: 29679742 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2018.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Revised: 03/31/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Brown/beige fat plays a crucial role in maintaining energy homeostasis through non-shivering thermogenesis in response to cold temperature and excess nutrition (adaptive thermogenesis). Although numerous molecular and genetic regulators have been identified, relatively little information is available regarding thermogenic dietary molecules. Recently, a growing body of evidence suggests that high consumption of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) or activation of GPR120, a membrane receptor of n-3 PUFA, stimulate adaptive thermogenesis. In this review, we summarize the emerging evidence that n-3 PUFA promote brown/beige fat formation and highlight the potential mechanisms whereby n-3 PUFA require GPR120 as a signaling platform or act independently. Human clinical trials are revisited in the context of energy expenditure. Additionally, we explore some future perspective that n-3 PUFA intake might be a useful strategy to boost or sustain metabolic activities of brown/beige fat at different lifecycle stages of pregnancy and senescence. Given that a high ratio of n-6/n-3 PUFA intake is associated with the development of obesity and type 2 diabetes, understanding the impact of n-6/n-3 ratio on energy expenditure and adaptive thermogenesis will inform the implementation of a novel nutritional strategy for preventing obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Fan
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Karsten Koehler
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Soonkyu Chung
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, NE, USA.
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24
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Menni C, Zierer J, Pallister T, Jackson MA, Long T, Mohney RP, Steves CJ, Spector TD, Valdes AM. Omega-3 fatty acids correlate with gut microbiome diversity and production of N-carbamylglutamate in middle aged and elderly women. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11079. [PMID: 28894110 PMCID: PMC5593975 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-10382-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Omega-3 fatty acids may influence human physiological parameters in part by affecting the gut microbiome. The aim of this study was to investigate the links between omega-3 fatty acids, gut microbiome diversity and composition and faecal metabolomic profiles in middle aged and elderly women. We analysed data from 876 twins with 16S microbiome data and DHA, total omega-3, and other circulating fatty acids. Estimated food intake of omega-3 fatty acids were obtained from food frequency questionnaires. Both total omega-3and DHA serum levels were significantly correlated with microbiome alpha diversity (Shannon index) after adjusting for confounders (DHA Beta(SE) = 0.13(0.04), P = 0.0006 total omega-3: 0.13(0.04), P = 0.001). These associations remained significant after adjusting for dietary fibre intake. We found even stronger associations between DHA and 38 operational taxonomic units (OTUs), the strongest ones being with OTUs from the Lachnospiraceae family (Beta(SE) = 0.13(0.03), P = 8 × 10-7). Some of the associations with gut bacterial OTUs appear to be mediated by the abundance of the faecal metabolite N-carbamylglutamate. Our data indicate a link between omega-3 circulating levels/intake and microbiome composition independent of dietary fibre intake, particularly with bacteria of the Lachnospiraceae family. These data suggest the potential use of omega-3 supplementation to improve the microbiome composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Menni
- Department of Twin Research, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Jonas Zierer
- Department of Twin Research, King's College London, London, UK.,Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Tess Pallister
- Department of Twin Research, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - Tao Long
- Sanford Burnham Prebys, La Jolla, USA
| | | | - Claire J Steves
- Department of Twin Research, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Tim D Spector
- Department of Twin Research, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Ana M Valdes
- Department of Twin Research, King's College London, London, UK. .,School of Medicine, Nottingham City Hospital, Hucknall Road, Nottingham, UK. .,NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, UK.
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