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Yadav D, Yadav A, Bhattacharya S, Dagar A, Kumar V, Rani R. GLUT and HK: Two primary and essential key players in tumor glycolysis. Semin Cancer Biol 2024; 100:17-27. [PMID: 38494080 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2024.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Cancer cells reprogram their metabolism to become "glycolysis-dominant," which enables them to meet their energy and macromolecule needs and enhancing their rate of survival. This glycolytic-dominancy is known as the "Warburg effect", a significant factor in the growth and invasion of malignant tumors. Many studies confirmed that members of the GLUT family, specifically HK-II from the HK family play a pivotal role in the Warburg effect, and are closely associated with glucose transportation followed by glucose metabolism in cancer cells. Overexpression of GLUTs and HK-II correlates with aggressive tumor behaviour and tumor microenvironment making them attractive therapeutic targets. Several studies have proven that the regulation of GLUTs and HK-II expression improves the treatment outcome for various tumors. Therefore, small molecule inhibitors targeting GLUT and HK-II show promise in sensitizing cancer cells to treatment, either alone or in combination with existing therapies including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, and photodynamic therapy. Despite existing therapies, viable methods to target the glycolysis of cancer cells are currently lacking to increase the effectiveness of cancer treatment. This review explores the current understanding of GLUT and HK-II in cancer metabolism, recent inhibitor developments, and strategies for future drug development, offering insights into improving cancer treatment efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhiraj Yadav
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201303, India; Drug Discovery, Jubilant Biosys, Greater Noida, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anubha Yadav
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201303, India
| | - Sujata Bhattacharya
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201303, India
| | - Akansha Dagar
- Graduate School of Nanobioscience, Yokohama City University, 22-2 Seto, Kanazawa-Ku, Yokohama 236-0027, Japan
| | - Vinit Kumar
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201303, India.
| | - Reshma Rani
- Drug Discovery, Jubilant Biosys, Greater Noida, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Liu J, Wang T, Zhang W, Huang Y, Wang X, Li Q. Association between Metabolic Reprogramming and Immune Regulation in Digestive Tract Tumors. Oncol Res Treat 2024; 47:273-286. [PMID: 38636467 DOI: 10.1159/000538659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cancers of the digestive tract, including colorectal cancer (CRC), gastric cancer, and esophageal cancer, are part of the most common cancers as well as one of the most important leading causes of cancer death worldwide. SUMMARY Despite the emergence of immune checkpoint inhibitors (e.g., anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1/PD-L1) in the past decade, offering renewed optimism in cancer treatment, only a fraction of patients derive benefit from these therapies. This limited efficacy may stem from tumor heterogeneity and the impact of metabolic reprogramming on both tumor cells and immune cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME). The metabolic reprogramming of glucose, lipids, amino acids, and other nutrients represents a pivotal hallmark of cancer, serving to generate energy, reducing equivalent and biological macromolecule, thereby fostering tumor proliferation and invasion. Significantly, the metabolic reprogramming of tumor cells can orchestrate changes within the TME, rendering patients unresponsive to immunotherapy. KEY MESSAGES In this review, we predominantly encapsulate recent strides on metabolic reprogramming among digestive tract cancer, especially CRC, in the TME with a focus on how these alterations influence anti-tumor immunity. Additionally, we deliberate on potential strategies to address these abnormities in metabolic pathways and the viability of combined therapy within the realm of anti-cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiafeng Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianxiao Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenxin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuxin Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinhai Wang
- Department of Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qunyi Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Kim H, Choi SY, Heo TY, Kim KR, Lee J, Yoo MY, Lee TG, Han JH. Value of glucose transport protein 1 expression in detecting lymph node metastasis in patients with colorectal cancer. World J Clin Cases 2024; 12:931-941. [PMID: 38414613 PMCID: PMC10895641 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v12.i5.931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are limited data on the use of glucose transport protein 1 (GLUT-1) expression as a biomarker for predicting lymph node metastasis in patients with colorectal cancer. GLUT-1 and GLUT-3, hexokinase (HK)-II, and hypoxia-induced factor (HIF)-1 expressions may be useful biomarkers for detecting primary tumors and lymph node metastasis when combined with fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake on positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT). AIM To evaluate GLUT-1, GLUT-3, HK-II, and HIF-1 expressions as biomarkers for detecting primary tumors and lymph node metastasis with 18F-FDG-PET/CT. METHODS This retrospective study included 169 patients with colorectal cancer who underwent colectomy and preoperative 18F-FDG-PET/CT at Chungbuk National University Hospital between January 2009 and May 2012. Two tissue cores from the central and peripheral areas of the tumors were obtained and were examined by a dedicated pathologist, and the expressions of GLUT-1, GLUT-3, HK-II, and HIF-1 were determined using immunohistochemical staining. We analyzed the correlations among their expressions, various clinicopathological factors, and the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of PET/CT. RESULTS GLUT-1 was found at the center or periphery of the tumors in 109 (64.5%) of the 169 patients. GLUT-1 positivity was significantly correlated with the SUVmax of the primary tumor and lymph nodes, regardless of the biopsy site (tumor center, P < 0.001 and P = 0.012; tumor periphery, P = 0.030 and P = 0.010, respectively). GLUT-1 positivity and negativity were associated with higher and lower sensitivities of PET/CT, respectively, for the detection of lymph node metastasis, regardless of the biopsy site. GLUT3, HK-II, and HIF-1 expressions were not significantly correlated with the SUVmax of the primary tumor and lymph nodes. CONCLUSION GLUT-1 expression was significantly correlated with the SUVmax of 18F-FDG-PET/CT for primary tumors and lymph nodes. Clinicians should consider GLUT-1 expression in preoperative endoscopic biopsy in interpreting PET/CT findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongsik Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju 28644, South Korea
| | - Song-Yi Choi
- Department of Pathology, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, South Korea
| | - Tae-Young Heo
- Information and Statistics, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, South Korea
| | - Kyeong-Rok Kim
- Information and Statistics, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, South Korea
| | - Jisun Lee
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju-si 28644, South Korea
| | - Min Young Yoo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 22332, South Korea
| | - Taek-Gu Lee
- Department of Surgery, Chungbuk National University, College of Medicine, Cheongju-si 28644, South Korea
| | - Joung-Ho Han
- Department of Internal Medicen, Chungbuk National University, College of medicine, Cheongju-si 28644, South Korea
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Bigos KJA, Quiles CG, Lunj S, Smith DJ, Krause M, Troost EGC, West CM, Hoskin P, Choudhury A. Tumour response to hypoxia: understanding the hypoxic tumour microenvironment to improve treatment outcome in solid tumours. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1331355. [PMID: 38352889 PMCID: PMC10861654 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1331355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is a common feature of solid tumours affecting their biology and response to therapy. One of the main transcription factors activated by hypoxia is hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF), which regulates the expression of genes involved in various aspects of tumourigenesis including proliferative capacity, angiogenesis, immune evasion, metabolic reprogramming, extracellular matrix (ECM) remodelling, and cell migration. This can negatively impact patient outcomes by inducing therapeutic resistance. The importance of hypoxia is clearly demonstrated by continued research into finding clinically relevant hypoxia biomarkers, and hypoxia-targeting therapies. One of the problems is the lack of clinically applicable methods of hypoxia detection, and lack of standardisation. Additionally, a lot of the methods of detecting hypoxia do not take into consideration the complexity of the hypoxic tumour microenvironment (TME). Therefore, this needs further elucidation as approximately 50% of solid tumours are hypoxic. The ECM is important component of the hypoxic TME, and is developed by both cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and tumour cells. However, it is important to distinguish the different roles to develop both biomarkers and novel compounds. Fibronectin (FN), collagen (COL) and hyaluronic acid (HA) are important components of the ECM that create ECM fibres. These fibres are crosslinked by specific enzymes including lysyl oxidase (LOX) which regulates the stiffness of tumours and induces fibrosis. This is partially regulated by HIFs. The review highlights the importance of understanding the role of matrix stiffness in different solid tumours as current data shows contradictory results on the impact on therapeutic resistance. The review also indicates that further research is needed into identifying different CAF subtypes and their exact roles; with some showing pro-tumorigenic capacity and others having anti-tumorigenic roles. This has made it difficult to fully elucidate the role of CAFs within the TME. However, it is clear that this is an important area of research that requires unravelling as current strategies to target CAFs have resulted in worsened prognosis. The role of immune cells within the tumour microenvironment is also discussed as hypoxia has been associated with modulating immune cells to create an anti-tumorigenic environment. Which has led to the development of immunotherapies including PD-L1. These hypoxia-induced changes can confer resistance to conventional therapies, such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the impact of hypoxia on the TME and its implications for therapy resistance. It also discusses the potential of hypoxia biomarkers as prognostic and predictive indictors of treatment response, as well as the challenges and opportunities of targeting hypoxia in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamilla JA. Bigos
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Conrado G. Quiles
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Sapna Lunj
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Danielle J. Smith
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Mechthild Krause
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- OncoRay – National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
- Translational Radiooncology and Clinical Radiotherapy, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
- Translational Radiation Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Translational Radiooncology and Clinical Radiotherapy and Image-guided High Precision Radiotherapy, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Translational Radiooncology and Clinical Radiotherapy and Image-guided High Precision Radiotherapy, Helmholtz Association / Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
- School of Medicine, Technische Universitat Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Esther GC. Troost
- OncoRay – National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
- Translational Radiation Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Translational Radiooncology and Clinical Radiotherapy and Image-guided High Precision Radiotherapy, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Translational Radiooncology and Clinical Radiotherapy and Image-guided High Precision Radiotherapy, Helmholtz Association / Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
- School of Medicine, Technische Universitat Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Institute of Radiooncology – OncoRay, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Rossendorf, Germany
| | - Catharine M. West
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Christie Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Hoskin
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Mount Vernon Cancer Centre, Northwood, United Kingdom
| | - Ananya Choudhury
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Christie Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, Germany
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Echeverría CE, Oyarzún VI, López-Cortés A, Cancino J, Sotomayor PC, Goncalves MD, Godoy AS. Biological role of fructose in the male reproductive system: Potential implications for prostate cancer. Prostate 2024; 84:8-24. [PMID: 37888416 PMCID: PMC10872645 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over the last 20 years, fructose has gradually emerged as a potential metabolic substrate capable of promoting the growth and progression of various cancers, including prostate cancer (PCa). The biological and molecular mechanisms that underlie the effects of fructose on cancer are beginning to be elucidated. METHODS This review summarizes the biological function of fructose as a potential carbon source for PCa cells and its role in the functionality of the male reproductive tract under normal conditions. RESULTS The most recent biological advances related to fructose transport and metabolism as well as their implications in PCa growth and progression suggest that fructose represent a potential carbon source for PCa cells. Consequently, fructose derivatives may represent efficient radiotracers for obtaining PCa images via positron emission tomography and fructose transporters/fructose-metabolizing enzymes could be utilized as potential diagnostic and/or predictive biomarkers for PCa. CONCLUSION The existing data suggest that restriction of fructose from the diet could be a useful therapeutic strategy for patients with PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina E. Echeverría
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical, New York, NY, USA
| | - Vanessa I. Oyarzún
- Laboratory of Ocular and Systemic Autoimmune Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrés López-Cortés
- Cancer Research Group (CRG), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Las Américas, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Jorge Cancino
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paula C. Sotomayor
- Departamento de Urología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marcus D. Goncalves
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alejandro S. Godoy
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Urology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo New York, USA
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Bai Z, Yan C, Nie Y, Zeng Q, Xu L, Wang S, Chang D. Glucose metabolism-based signature predicts prognosis and immunotherapy strategies for colon adenocarcinoma. J Gene Med 2024; 26:e3620. [PMID: 37973153 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.3620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The global prevalence and metastasis rates of colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) are high, and therapeutic success is limited. Although previous research has primarily explored changes in gene phenotypes, the incidence rate of COAD remains unchanged. Metabolic reprogramming is a crucial aspect of cancer research and therapy. The present study aims to develop cluster and polygenic risk prediction models for COAD based on glucose metabolism pathways to assess the survival status of patients and potentially identify novel immunotherapy strategies and related therapeutic targets. METHODS COAD-specific data (including clinicopathological information and gene expression profiles) were sourced from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and two Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets (GSE33113 and GSE39582). Gene sets related to glucose metabolism were obtained from the MSigDB database. The Gene Set Variation Analysis (GSVA) method was utilized to calculate pathway scores for glucose metabolism. The hclust function in R, part of the Pheatmap package, was used to establish a clustering system. The mutation characteristics of identified clusters were assessed via MOVICS software, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were filtered using limma software. Signature analysis was performed using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) method. Survival curves, survival receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and multivariate Cox regression were analyzed to assess the efficacy and accuracy of the signature for prognostic prediction. The pRRophetic program was employed to predict drug sensitivity, with data sourced from the Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer (GDSC) database. RESULTS Four COAD subgroups (i.e., C1, C2, C3 and C4) were identified based on glucose metabolism, with the C4 group having higher survival rates. These four clusters were bifurcated into a new Clust2 system (C1 + C2 + C3 and C4). In total, 2175 DEGs were obtained (C1 + C2 + C3 vs. C4), from which 139 prognosis-related genes were identified. ROC curves predicting 1-, 3- and 5-year survival based on a signature containing nine genes showed an area under the curve greater than 0.7. Meanwhile, the study also found this feature to be an important predictor of prognosis in COAD and accordingly assessed the risk score, with higher risk scores being associated with a worse prognosis. The high-risk and low-risk groups responded differently to immunotherapy and chemotherapeutic agents, and there were differences in functional enrichment pathways. CONCLUSIONS This unique signature based on glucose metabolism may potentially provide a basis for predicting patient prognosis, biological characteristics and more effective immunotherapy strategies for COAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zilong Bai
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shanxi, China
| | - Chunyu Yan
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shanxi, China
| | - Yuanhua Nie
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shanxi, China
| | - Qingnuo Zeng
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shanxi, China
| | - Longwen Xu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shanxi, China
| | - Shilong Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shanxi, China
| | - Dongmin Chang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shanxi, China
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Bai X, Li X, Qiao C, Tang Y, Zhao R, Peng X. Progress in the relationship between P2X7R and colorectal cancer. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:1687-1699. [PMID: 36417079 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07939-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Purinergic ligand-gated ion channel 7 receptor (P2X7R) is a nonselective cation channel of the purinergic receptor family. P2X7R is activated by adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and plays a significant role in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases by triggering cellular signal transduction. More importantly, P2X7R is abnormally expressed in many tumor cells and is involved in the progression of various tumor cells. Studies have shown that the irregular expression of P2X7R in colorectal cancer (CRC) can not only indirectly affect the occurrence and development of CRC by promoting inflammatory bowel disease but also directly affect the proliferation and metastasis of CRC cells. P2X7R plays a bidirectional role in cancer induction and inhibition by mediating complex signaling pathways in CRC, and its expression level is closely related to the overall survival of CRC patients. Therefore, P2X7R may be a biomarker and potential therapeutic target for the development and prognosis of CRC. In this paper, we review the research progress on P2X7R in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Bai
- School of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
- Institutional Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, 12th 5-Year Project of Shandong Province , Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- School of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
- Institutional Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, 12th 5-Year Project of Shandong Province , Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Cuicui Qiao
- School of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
- Institutional Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, 12th 5-Year Project of Shandong Province , Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Yiqing Tang
- School of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
- Institutional Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, 12th 5-Year Project of Shandong Province , Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Ronglan Zhao
- School of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China.
- Institutional Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, 12th 5-Year Project of Shandong Province , Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China.
| | - Xiaoxiang Peng
- School of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
- Institutional Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, 12th 5-Year Project of Shandong Province , Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
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Öztürk SD, Öztürk Ç, Okcu O, Aşkan G, Şen B, Bedir R. Predicting response to neoadjuvant therapy with glucose transporter-1 in breast cancer. REVISTA DA ASSOCIACAO MEDICA BRASILEIRA (1992) 2023; 69:440-446. [PMID: 36921199 PMCID: PMC10004294 DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.20221334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Glucose transporter-1 is a marker involved in energy transport in cancer cells. It has been shown to be a poor prognostic factor in many cancer types, including breast cancer. However, there is no satisfactory parameter predicting treatment in breast cancer patients receiving neoadjuvant therapy. This study investigated the effect of glucose transporter-1 in predicting the treatment response of patients receiving neoadjuvant therapy. METHODS In this study, glucose transporter-1 immunohistochemistry was applied to tru-cut biopsy of patients who were diagnosed with breast cancer and received neoadjuvant therapy between 2010 and 2021. A built-in scoring system was used to evaluate both the pattern and intensity of glucose transporter-1 immunohistochemistry staining. The relationship between glucose transporter-1 immunohistochemistry staining and other clinicopathological parameters was examined. In addition, the relationship of glucose transporter-1 with response to treatment was investigated. RESULTS A relationship was found between high glucose transporter-1 expression and other clinicopathological parameters (such as estrogen and progesterone receptor negativity, high Ki-67, triple-negative, and Her2 status). Cases with high glucose transporter-1 expression had either a complete or a partial pathologic response. The result was statistically significant. CONCLUSION Glucose transporter-1 has the potential to be a biomarker that can be evaluated more objectively as an alternative to Ki-67 labeling index in evaluating the response to treatment in patients receiving neoadjuvant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seda Duman Öztürk
- Kocaeli University Research and Training Hospital, Pathology Laboratory - İzmit, Turkey
| | - Çiğdem Öztürk
- Recep Tayyip Erdogan University Research and Training Hospital, Pathology Laboratory - Rize, Turkey
| | - Oğuzhan Okcu
- Recep Tayyip Erdogan University Research and Training Hospital, Pathology Laboratory - Rize, Turkey
| | - Gökçe Aşkan
- Cerrahpasa University, Medical Faculty, Pathology Laboratory - İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Bayram Şen
- Recep Tayyip Erdogan University Research and Training Hospital, Medical Biochemistry Laboratory - Rize, Turkey
| | - Recep Bedir
- Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Medical Faculty, Pathology Laboratory - Rize, Turkey
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Analysis of prognostic model based on immunotherapy related genes in lung adenocarcinoma. Sci Rep 2022; 12:22077. [PMID: 36543847 PMCID: PMC9772350 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-26427-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors, and ranks high in the list of mortality due to cancers. Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common subtype of lung cancer. Despite progress in the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer, the prognosis of these patients remains dismal. Therefore, it is crucial to identify the predictors and treatment targets of lung cancer to provide appropriate treatments and improve patient prognosis. In this study, the gene modules related to immunotherapy were screened by weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). Using unsupervised clustering, patients in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were divided into three clusters based on the gene expression. Next, gene clustering was performed on the prognosis-related differential genes, and a six-gene prognosis model (comprising PLK1, HMMR, ANLN, SLC2A1, SFTPB, and CYP4B1) was constructed using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analysis. Patients with LUAD were divided into two groups: high-risk and low-risk. Significant differences were found in the survival, immune cell infiltration, Tumor mutational burden (TMB), immune checkpoints, and immune microenvironment between the high- and low-risk groups. Finally, the accuracy of the prognostic model was verified in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset in patients with LUAD (GSE30219, GSE31210, GSE50081, GSE72094).
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An Update on the Metabolic Landscape of Oncogenic Viruses. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14235742. [PMID: 36497226 PMCID: PMC9738352 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14235742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Viruses play an important role in cancer development as about 12% of cancer types are linked to viral infections. Viruses that induce cellular transformation are known as oncoviruses. Although the mechanisms of viral oncogenesis differ between viruses, all oncogenic viruses share the ability to establish persistent chronic infections with no obvious symptoms for years. During these prolonged infections, oncogenic viruses manipulate cell signaling pathways that control cell cycle progression, apoptosis, inflammation, and metabolism. Importantly, it seems that most oncoviruses depend on these changes for their persistence and amplification. Metabolic changes induced by oncoviruses share many common features with cancer metabolism. Indeed, viruses, like proliferating cancer cells, require increased biosynthetic precursors for virion production, need to balance cellular redox homeostasis, and need to ensure host cell survival in a given tissue microenvironment. Thus, like for cancer cells, viral replication and persistence of infected cells frequently depend on metabolic changes. Here, we draw parallels between metabolic changes observed in cancers or induced by oncoviruses, with a focus on pathways involved in the regulation of glucose, lipid, and amino acids. We describe whether and how oncoviruses depend on metabolic changes, with the perspective of targeting them for antiviral and onco-therapeutic approaches in the context of viral infections.
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11
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Wang W, Pan F, Lin X, Yuan J, Tao C, Wang R. Ferroptosis-Related Hub Genes in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Prognostic Signature, Immune-Related, and Drug Resistance Analysis. Front Genet 2022; 13:907331. [PMID: 35938001 PMCID: PMC9355705 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.907331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most prevalent type of primary liver cancer with a high fatality rate and dismal prognosis because of frequent recurrence and lack of efficient therapies. Ferroptosis is a recently recognized iron-dependent cell death distinct from necroptosis and apoptosis. The relationship between ferroptosis-related hub gene expression and prognosis in HCC remains to be further elucidated. Methods: Ferroptosis-related genes from the FerrDb database and the mRNA sequencing data and clinical information of HCC patients were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression was applied to identify a prognostic signature consisting of five ferroptosis-related hub genes in the TCGA cohort. The International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) database was utilized to validate the reliability of the signature. Functional enrichment and immune-related analysis, including single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA), immune checkpoints, TIP-related genes, tumor stemness, and m6A-related genes, were performed to analyze the underlying mechanism. Additionally, the correlations between ferroptosis and drug resistance were evaluated using the NCI-60 database. Results: A 5–hub-gene signature associated with ferroptosis was constructed by multivariate Cox regression analysis to stratify patients into two risk groups. Patients with high risk had worse prognosis than those with low risk. Multivariate Cox regression analysis uncovered that the risk score was an independent prognostic indicator. We also proved the signature’s predictive capacity using the Kaplan–Meier method and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Functional analysis showed that nuclear division and the cell cycle were enriched. Immune-related analysis revealed that the signature was enriched in immune-related pathways. Moreover, the risk signature was significantly associated with immune cell infiltration, immune checkpoints, TIP-related genes, tumor stem cells, as well as m6A-related genes. Furthermore, these genes were crucial regulators of drug resistance. Conclusion: We identified and validated a novel hub gene signature that is closely associated with ferroptosis as a new and efficient biomarker with favorable potential for predicting the prognosis of HCC patients. In addition, it also offers new insights into the molecular mechanisms of HCC and provides an effective approach for the treatment of HCC. Further studies are necessary to validate the results of our study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fan Pan
- Department of Medical Oncology, School of Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinrong Lin
- Department of Medical Oncology, School of Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiakai Yuan
- Department of Medical Oncology, School of Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chunyu Tao
- Department of Medical Oncology, School of Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, School of Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Rui Wang,
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12
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Mizuno S, Seishima R, Yamasaki J, Hattori K, Ogiri M, Matsui S, Shigeta K, Okabayashi K, Nagano O, Li L, Kitagawa Y. Angiopoietin-like 4 promotes glucose metabolism by regulating glucose transporter expression in colorectal cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2022; 148:1351-1361. [PMID: 35195748 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-03960-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Angiopoietin-like 4 (ANGPTL4) was recently shown to be associated with cancer progression but little is known about its contribution to cancer metabolism. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the role of ANGPTL4 in glucose metabolism in colorectal cancer (CRC). METHODS Immunohistochemical staining of CRC specimens classified 84 patients into two groups according to ANGPTL4 expression. Clinicopathological characteristics, gene mutation status obtained by next-generation sequencing, and fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake measured by positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) were compared between the two groups. Furthermore, the impact of ANGPTL4 expression on cancer metabolism was investigated by a subcutaneous xenograft mouse model using the ANGPTL4 knockout CRC cell line, and glucose transporter (GLUT) expression was evaluated. RESULTS There were significantly more cases of T3/4 tumours (94.3% vs. 57.1%, P < 0.001) and perineural invasion (42.9% vs. 22.4%, P = 0.046) in the ANGPTL4-high group than in the low group. Genetic exploration revealed a higher frequency of KRAS mutation (54.3% vs. 22.4%, P = 0.003) in the ANGPTL4-high tumours. All the FDG uptake parameters were significantly higher in ANGPTL4-high tumours. In vivo analysis showed a significant reduction in tumour size due to ANGPTL4 knockout with lower expression of GLUT1 and GLUT3, and suppression of AKT phosphorylation. CONCLUSION ANGPTL4 regulates the expression of GLUTs by activating the PI3K-AKT pathway and thereby promoting glucose metabolism in CRC. These findings establish a new functional role of ANGPTL4 in cancer progression and lay the foundation for developing a novel therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shodai Mizuno
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Ryo Seishima
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.
| | - Juntaro Yamasaki
- Division of Gene Regulation, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kaoru Hattori
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Masayo Ogiri
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Shimpei Matsui
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Kohei Shigeta
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Koji Okabayashi
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Osamu Nagano
- Division of Gene Regulation, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Liang Li
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuko Kitagawa
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
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Azcue P, Guerrero Setas D, Encío I, Ibáñez-Beroiz B, Mercado M, Vera R, Gómez-Dorronsoro ML. A Novel Prognostic Biomarker Panel for Early-Stage Colon Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:5909. [PMID: 34885019 PMCID: PMC8656725 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13235909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular characterization of colorectal cancer has helped us understand better the biology of the disease. However, previous efforts have yet to provide significant clinical value in order to be integrated into clinical practice for patients with early-stage colon cancer (CC). The purpose of this study was to assess PD-L1, GLUT-1, e-cadherin, MUC2, CDX2, and microsatellite instability (dMMR) and to propose a risk-panel with prognostic capabilities. Biomarkers were immunohistochemically assessed through tissue microarrays in a cohort of 144 patients with stage II/III colon cancer. A biomarker panel consisting of PD-L1, GLUT-1, dMMR, and potentially CDX2 was constructed that divided patients into low, medium, and high risk of overall survival or disease-free survival (DFS) in equally sized groups. Compared with low-risk patients, medium-risk patients have almost twice the risk of death (HR = 2.10 (0.99-4.46), p = 0.054), while high-risk patients have almost four times the risk (HR = 3.79 (1.77-8.11), p = 0.001). The multivariate goodness of fit was 0.756 and was correlated with Kaplan-Meier curves (p = 0.002). Consistent results were found for DFS. This study provides a critical basis for the future development of an immunohistochemical assessment capable of discerning early-stage CC patients as a function of their prognosis. This tool may aid with treatment personalization in daily clinical practice and improve survival outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Azcue
- Department of Health Science, Public University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (I.E.); (B.I.-B.)
| | - David Guerrero Setas
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (D.G.S.); (M.M.)
- Campus Arrosadia, Public University of Navarra, 31006 Pamplona, Spain
- Molecular Pathology of Cancer Group–Navarrabiomed, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
| | - Ignacio Encío
- Department of Health Science, Public University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (I.E.); (B.I.-B.)
- Institute for Health Research Navarra (IdISNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Berta Ibáñez-Beroiz
- Department of Health Science, Public University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (I.E.); (B.I.-B.)
- Institute for Health Research Navarra (IdISNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Unit of Methodology-Navarrabiomed-University Hospital of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Research Network on Health Services Research and Chronic Diseases (REDISSEC), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - María Mercado
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (D.G.S.); (M.M.)
| | - Ruth Vera
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
- Institute for Health Research Navarra (IdISNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - María Luisa Gómez-Dorronsoro
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (D.G.S.); (M.M.)
- Institute for Health Research Navarra (IdISNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
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14
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Sanchez-Martin V, Schneider DA, Ortiz-Gonzalez M, Soriano-Lerma A, Linde-Rodriguez A, Perez-Carrasco V, Gutierrez-Fernandez J, Cuadros M, González C, Soriano M, Garcia-Salcedo JA. Targeting ribosomal G-quadruplexes with naphthalene-diimides as RNA polymerase I inhibitors for colorectal cancer treatment. Cell Chem Biol 2021; 28:1590-1601.e4. [PMID: 34166611 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2021.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Guanine quadruplexes (G4s) are non-canonical nucleic acid structures commonly found in regulatory genomic regions. G4 targeting has emerged as a therapeutic approach in cancer. We have screened naphthalene-diimides (NDIs), a class of G4 ligands, in a cellular model of colorectal cancer (CRC). Here, we identify the leading compound T5 with a potent and selective inhibition of cell growth by high-affinity binding to G4s in ribosomal DNA, impairing RNA polymerase I (Pol I) elongation. Consequently, T5 induces a rapid inhibition of Pol I transcription, nucleolus disruption, proteasome-dependent Pol I catalytic subunit A degradation and autophagy. Moreover, we attribute the higher selectivity of carbohydrate-conjugated T5 for tumoral cells to its preferential uptake through the overexpressed glucose transporter 1. Finally, we succinctly demonstrate that T5 could be explored as a therapeutic agent in a patient cohort with CRC. Therefore, we report a mode of action for these NDIs involving ribosomal G4 targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Sanchez-Martin
- GENYO. Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research: Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, Granada 18016, Spain; Microbiology Unit, Biosanitary Research Institute IBS.Granada, University Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Granada 18014, Spain; Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology III and Immunology, University of Granada, Granada 18016, Spain
| | - David A Schneider
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Matilde Ortiz-Gonzalez
- GENYO. Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research: Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, Granada 18016, Spain; Centre for Intensive Mediterranean Agrosystems and Agri-food Biotechnology (CIAIMBITAL), University of Almeria, Almeria 04001, Spain
| | - Ana Soriano-Lerma
- GENYO. Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research: Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, Granada 18016, Spain; Department of Physiology, University of Granada, Granada 18011, Spain
| | - Angel Linde-Rodriguez
- GENYO. Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research: Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, Granada 18016, Spain; Microbiology Unit, Biosanitary Research Institute IBS.Granada, University Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Granada 18014, Spain
| | - Virginia Perez-Carrasco
- GENYO. Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research: Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, Granada 18016, Spain; Microbiology Unit, Biosanitary Research Institute IBS.Granada, University Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Granada 18014, Spain
| | - Jose Gutierrez-Fernandez
- Microbiology Unit, Biosanitary Research Institute IBS.Granada, University Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Granada 18014, Spain; Department of Microbiology, University of Granada, Granada 18011, Spain
| | - Marta Cuadros
- GENYO. Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research: Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, Granada 18016, Spain; Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology III and Immunology, University of Granada, Granada 18016, Spain
| | - Carlos González
- Instituto de Química Física "Rocasolano", CSIC, Madrid 28006, Spain
| | - Miguel Soriano
- GENYO. Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research: Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, Granada 18016, Spain; Centre for Intensive Mediterranean Agrosystems and Agri-food Biotechnology (CIAIMBITAL), University of Almeria, Almeria 04001, Spain
| | - Jose A Garcia-Salcedo
- GENYO. Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research: Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, Granada 18016, Spain; Microbiology Unit, Biosanitary Research Institute IBS.Granada, University Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Granada 18014, Spain.
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15
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Diabetes and Colorectal Cancer Risk: A New Look at Molecular Mechanisms and Potential Role of Novel Antidiabetic Agents. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212409. [PMID: 34830295 PMCID: PMC8622770 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological data have demonstrated a significant association between the presence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). Chronic hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and inflammation, the processes inherent to T2DM, also play active roles in the onset and progression of CRC. Recently, small dense low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles, a typical characteristic of diabetic dyslipidemia, emerged as another possible underlying link between T2DM and CRC. Growing evidence suggests that antidiabetic medications may have beneficial effects in CRC prevention. According to findings from a limited number of preclinical and clinical studies, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) could be a promising strategy in reducing the incidence of CRC in patients with diabetes. However, available findings are inconclusive, and further studies are required. In this review, novel evidence on molecular mechanisms linking T2DM with CRC development, progression, and survival will be discussed. In addition, the potential role of GLP-1RAs therapies in CRC prevention will also be evaluated.
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16
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Park GB, Jeong JY, Kim D. GLUT5 regulation by AKT1/3-miR-125b-5p downregulation induces migratory activity and drug resistance in TLR-modified colorectal cancer cells. Carcinogenesis 2021; 41:1329-1340. [PMID: 32649737 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgaa074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In cancer, resistance to chemotherapy is one of the main reasons for therapeutic failure. Cells that survive after treatment with anticancer drugs undergo various changes, including in cell metabolism. In this study, we investigated the effects of AKT-mediated miR-125b-5p alteration on metabolic changes and examined how these molecules enhance migration and induce drug resistance in colon cancer cells. AKT1 and AKT3 activation in drug-resistant colon cancer cells caused aberrant downregulation of miR-125b-5p, leading to GLUT5 expression. Targeted inhibition of AKT1 and AKT3 restored miR-125b-5p expression and prevented glycolysis- and lipogenesis-related enzyme activation. In addition, restoring the level of miR-125b-5p by transfection with the mimic sequence not only significantly blocked the production of lactate and intracellular fatty acids but also suppressed the migration and invasion of chemoresistant colon cancer cells. GLUT5 silencing with small interfering RNA attenuated mesenchymal marker expression and migratory activity in drug-resistant colon cancer cells. Additionally, treatment with 2,5-anhydro-d-mannitol resensitized chemoresistant cancer cells to oxaliplatin and 5-fluorouracil. In conclusion, our findings suggest that changes in miR-125b-5p and GLUT5 expression after chemotherapy can serve as a new marker to indicate metabolic change-induced migration and drug resistance development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ga-Bin Park
- Department of Biochemistry, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee-Yeong Jeong
- Department of Biochemistry, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Daejin Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
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17
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Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1) Signaling in Glucose Metabolism in Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126434. [PMID: 34208601 PMCID: PMC8234711 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common aggressive carcinoma types worldwide, characterized by unfavorable curative effect and poor prognosis. Epidemiological data re-vealed that CRC risk is increased in patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its serum components (e.g., hyperglycemia). High glycemic index diets, which chronically raise post-prandial blood glucose, may at least in part increase colon cancer risk via the insulin/insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) signaling pathway. However, the underlying mechanisms linking IGF-1 and MetS are still poorly understood. Hyperactivated glucose uptake and aerobic glycolysis (the Warburg effect) are considered as a one of six hallmarks of cancer, including CRC. However, the role of insulin/IGF-1 signaling during the acquisition of the Warburg metabolic phenotypes by CRC cells is still poorly understood. It most likely results from the interaction of multiple processes, directly or indirectly regulated by IGF-1, such as activation of PI3K/Akt/mTORC, and Raf/MAPK signaling pathways, activation of glucose transporters (e.g., GLUT1), activation of key glycolytic enzymes (e.g., LDHA, LDH5, HK II, and PFKFB3), aberrant expression of the oncogenes (e.g., MYC, and KRAS) and/or overexpression of signaling proteins (e.g., HIF-1, TGF-β1, PI3K, ERK, Akt, and mTOR). This review describes the role of IGF-1 in glucose metabolism in physiology and colorectal carcinogenesis, including the role of the insulin/IGF system in the Warburg effect. Furthermore, current therapeutic strategies aimed at repairing impaired glucose metabolism in CRC are indicated.
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Carretta MD, Quiroga J, López R, Hidalgo MA, Burgos RA. Participation of Short-Chain Fatty Acids and Their Receptors in Gut Inflammation and Colon Cancer. Front Physiol 2021; 12:662739. [PMID: 33897470 PMCID: PMC8060628 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.662739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are the main metabolites produced by the bacterial fermentation of dietary fiber, and they play a critical role in the maintenance of intestinal health. SCFAs are also essential for modulating different processes, and they have anti-inflammatory properties and immunomodulatory effects. As the inflammatory process predisposes the development of cancer and promotes all stages of tumorigenesis, an antitumor effect has also been associated with SCFAs. This is strongly supported by epidemiological studies showing that a diet rich in fiber is linked to a reduced risk of colon cancer and has significant clinical benefits in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). SCFAs may signal through the metabolite-sensing G protein-coupled receptors free fatty acid receptor 3 [FFAR3 or G protein-coupled receptor 41 (GPR41)], FFAR2 (GPR43), and GPR109A (also known as hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 2 or HCAR2) expressed in the gut epithelium and immune cells. This review summarizes the existing knowledge regarding the SCFA-mediated suppression of inflammation and carcinogenesis in IBD and colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Daniella Carretta
- Laboratory of Inflammation Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Institute of Pharmacology and Morphophysiology, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | | | | | | | - Rafael Agustín Burgos
- Laboratory of Inflammation Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Institute of Pharmacology and Morphophysiology, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
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Echeverría C, Nualart F, Ferrada L, Smith GJ, Godoy AS. Hexose Transporters in Cancer: From Multifunctionality to Diagnosis and Therapy. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2021; 32:198-211. [PMID: 33518451 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2020.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cells increase their metabolic activity by enhancing glucose uptake through overexpression of hexose transporters (Gluts). Gluts also have the capacity to transport other molecules besides glucose, including fructose, mannose, and dehydroascorbic acid (DHA), the oxidized form of vitamin C. The majority of research studies in this field have focused on the role of glucose transport and metabolism in cancer, leaving a substantial gap in our knowledge of the contribution of other hexoses and DHA in cancer biology. Here, we summarize the most recent advances in understanding the role that the multifunctional transport capacity of Gluts plays in biological and clinical aspects of cancer, and how these characteristics can be exploited in the search for novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Echeverría
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile; Centro de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Francisco Nualart
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile; Centro de Microscopía Avanzada, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Luciano Ferrada
- Centro de Microscopía Avanzada, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Gary J Smith
- Department of Urology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Alejandro S Godoy
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile; Department of Urology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA.
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20
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Krawczyk MA, Kunc M, Styczewska M, Gabrych A, Karpinsky G, Izycka-Swieszewska E, Bien E. High Expression of Solute Carrier Family 2 Member 1 (SLC2A1) in Cancer Cells Is an Independent Unfavorable Prognostic Factor in Pediatric Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:598. [PMID: 33810575 PMCID: PMC8065586 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11040598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) in children is a rare mesenchymal malignancy developing predominantly in the setting of neurofibromatosis type 1. The prognosis in advanced MPNST is poor therefore new prognostic markers are highly needed for optimal therapeutic decisions. In many solid tumors, the bidirectional interactions between hypoxia and inflammation in the tumor microenvironment via functions of tumor-associated cells, like neutrophils, lymphocytes and macrophages, have been investigated recently. There is no data whether in MPNST hypoxic microenvironment may translate into systemic inflammation, which is a well-established factor for worse prognosis in cancer patients. Therefore, we investigated the prognostic significance of markers of tumor hypoxia and systemic inflammation in 26 pediatric malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST). Tumor tissue microarrays were stained for hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF1A), solute carrier family 2 member 1 (SLC2A1, also known as glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1)), carbonic anhydrase 9 (CA9), and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) and classified into low- or high-expression groups. Baseline complete blood counts and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were collected for all cases. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) were calculated from age-adjusted complete blood count parameters. Both 10-year RFS and OS were significantly lower in patients with high NLR values (17% vs. 75%, p = 0.009, q = 0.018; and 31% vs. 100%, p = 0.0077, q = 0.014; respectively). Ten-year-OS was significantly lower in patients with high expression of SLC2A1 (20.00% vs. 94%, p < 0.001, log-rank), high expression of HIF1A (23% vs. 79%, p = 0.016, log-rank), and CRP higher than 31 mg/L (11% vs. 82%, p = 0.003, q = 0.009). Cox's proportional hazard regression analysis revealed that high expression of SLC2A1 (HR = 3.31, 95% CI = 1.08-10.09, p = 0.036) and VEGFA (HR = 4.40, 95% CI = 0.95-20.34, p = 0.058) were the independent factors predicting relapse, whereas high SLC2A1 was identified as the independent risk factor for death (HR = 12.20, 95% CI = 2.55-58.33, p = 0.002). Patients with high expression of hypoxic markers and low or high NLR/CRP values had the highest events rate, patients with low hypoxic markers and high NLR/CRP had intermediate events rate, while patients with low hypoxic markers and low NLR/CRP had the lowest events rate. SLC2A1 and VEGFA are promising novel prognostic factors in pediatric MPNST. Correlations between hypoxic and systemic inflammatory markers suggest the interplay between local tumor hypoxia and systemic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malgorzata A. Krawczyk
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Gdansk, 7 Debinki Street, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (M.A.K.); (A.G.)
| | - Michal Kunc
- Department of Pathomorphology, Medical University of Gdansk, 17 Smoluchowskiego Street, 80-214 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Styczewska
- The English Division Pediatric Oncology Scientific Circle, Medical University of Gdansk, 7 Debinki Street, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland;
| | - Anna Gabrych
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Gdansk, 7 Debinki Street, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (M.A.K.); (A.G.)
| | - Gabrielle Karpinsky
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA;
| | - Ewa Izycka-Swieszewska
- Department of Pathology and Neuropathology, Medical University of Gdansk, 1 Debinki Street, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland;
| | - Ewa Bien
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Gdansk, 7 Debinki Street, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (M.A.K.); (A.G.)
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21
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Zhang M, Yang J, Jiang H, Jiang H, Wang Z. Correlation between glucose metabolism parameters derived from FDG and tumor TNM stages and metastasis-associated proteins in colorectal carcinoma patients. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:258. [PMID: 33750337 PMCID: PMC7941722 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-07944-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between multiple metabolism parameters derived from FDG and tumor TNM stages as well as tumor metastasis-associated protein of GLUT-1 and MACC1 in colorectal carcinoma (CRC). Methods Thirty-eight patients (24 males and 14 females) with primary CRC confirmed by elective surgery pathological, who also accepted 18F-FDG PET/CT scans during 2017 to 2019 were included in this study. The tumor classification of T, N and M is explained by the 7th American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC). 18F-FDG parameters of SUVmax, SUVmean, TLG and MTV were measured by drawing a region of interest on the primary lesions. The expression of GLUT-1 and MACC1 was quantified by immunohistochemical, and the correlation between metabolism parameters and tumor biomarkers were analyzed. Results According to our analysis, the 18F-FDG parameters of SUVmean was significantly correlated with tumor M status (P = 0.000) of primary CRC. The primary tumor lesion with higher SUVmax, TLG and MTV values prone to a high-T status (P = 0.002, 0.002 and 0.001, respectively). The high expression of GLUT-1/MACC1 weas more frequently involved with T3–4 stage and was poorly differentiated in CRC patients. Multivariate analysis found that the expression of GLUT-1 protein was correlated with SUVmax and MTV (R2 = 0.42, P = 0.013 and 0.004, respectively), moreover, the expression of MACC1 protein was correlated with TLG (R2 = 0.372, P = 0.000). Conclusion Glucose metabolism parameters derived from FDG provides a noninvasive assessment of M status and T status in CRC patients. The expression of GLUT-1 and MACC1 was associated with 18F-FDG uptake in CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.95 Yongan Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Jigang Yang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.95 Yongan Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Jiang
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 246 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Huijie Jiang
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 246 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China.
| | - Zhenchang Wang
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 95 Yongan Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, China.
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Tao J, Zhang Y, Wang T. Potential Role of Glucose Transporter-1 Expression in Gastric Cancer: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 49:2044-2053. [PMID: 33708725 PMCID: PMC7917512 DOI: 10.18502/ijph.v49i11.4719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Background: Glucose transporter-1 (GLUT-1) has been differentially expressed in various malignancies including gastric cancer (GC). Several previous meta-analyses of GLUT-1 have some significant limitations, such as researching the association between GLUT-1 and various cancer types with no specificity, not studying clinicopathological parameters with GLUT-1, existing conspicuous heterogeneity and so forth. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the association between GLUT-1 expression and survival of gastric cancer patients, as well as clinicopathological characteristics. Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and China National Knowledge Infrastructure for relevant studies in accordance with the applicable criteria up to Aug 2017. Hazard ratios (HRs) and odds ratios (ORs) with their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used as the effective measures. Results: A total of 13 studies involving 1972 patients were included in this meta-analysis. The results demonstrated that there was a significant association between GLUT-1 expression and overall survival (OS) (HR=1.45, 95% CI=1.13–1.87) or disease-free survival (DFS) (HR=2.18, 95% CI=1.46–3.25). Moreover, GLUT-1 expression was significantly correlated with worse tumor nodes metastases (TNM) stage (OR=0.34, 95% CI=0.28–0.43), presence of lymph node metastasis (OR=2.88, 95% CI=1.34–6.19), intestinal type of Lauren classification (OR=3.84, 95% CI=2.57–5.74) and invasion of serosa (OR=0.25, 95% CI=0.18–0.35). Conclusion: Our meta-analysis showed that GLUT-1 was significantly correlated with poor OS and DFS in gastric cancer. Additionally, GLUT-1 was also a potential prognostic indicator of aggressive clinicopathological parameters in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxin Tao
- Department of General Surgery, Wuxi People's Hospital, Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214023, P.R. China
| | - Ye Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Wuxi People's Hospital, Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214023, P.R. China
| | - Tong Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Wuxi People's Hospital, Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214023, P.R. China
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Abstract
We have previously reported increased glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) expression in melanoma compared to benign nevi, associated with a significantly lower survival rate. GLUT1 upregulation was highly specific for distinguishing melanoma from benign nevi, yet poorly sensitive, likely because of expression of other GLUT isoforms. The purpose of this study was to evaluate GLUT2 and GLUT3, as melanoma biomarkers. A tissue microarray, consisting of 91 primary melanomas, 18 melanoma metastases, and 56 nevi, was examined using GLUT2 and GLUT3 immunohistochemistry. A semiquantitative scoring method was used to determine the percentage of positive tumor cells and staining intensity. GLUT2 was negative in all melanomas and benign nevi examined. Increased GLUT3 expression was more frequent in melanoma than in nevi (P < 0.0001), and in metastatic melanoma than in primary melanomas (P < 0.001). Of melanoma cases, 85.3% expressed either GLUT1 or GLUT3 or both, 39.4% of melanoma cases coexpressed GLUT1 and GLUT3, 17.4% of melanoma cases only expressed GLUT1, 28.4% of melanoma cases only expressed GLUT3, and 14.7% of melanoma cases were negative for both markers. Patients whose melanoma exhibited a high level of GLUT3 had significantly lower survival rates than those with low GLUT3 expression (P = 0.002). Evaluating both GLUT1 and GLUT3 increased the diagnostic value by increasing the sensitivity while the specificity remained high. In conclusion, GLUT2 was not expressed in melanocytes. GLUT3 expression was upregulated in melanoma compared with nevi, especially in those with worse prognosis. Similar to GLUT1, GLUT3 may serve as a useful diagnostic and prognostic marker.
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Ramalho R, Rao M, Zhang C, Agrati C, Ippolito G, Wang FS, Zumla A, Maeurer M. Immunometabolism: new insights and lessons from antigen-directed cellular immune responses. Semin Immunopathol 2020; 42:279-313. [PMID: 32519148 PMCID: PMC7282544 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-020-00798-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Modulation of immune responses by nutrients is an important area of study in cellular biology and clinical sciences in the context of cancer therapies and anti-pathogen-directed immune responses in health and disease. We review metabolic pathways that influence immune cell function and cellular persistence in chronic infections. We also highlight the role of nutrients in altering the tissue microenvironment with lessons from the tumor microenvironment that shapes the quality and quantity of cellular immune responses. Multiple layers of biological networks, including the nature of nutritional supplements, the genetic background, previous exposures, and gut microbiota status have impact on cellular performance and immune competence against molecularly defined targets. We discuss how immune metabolism determines the differentiation pathway of antigen-specific immune cells and how these insights can be explored to devise better strategies to strengthen anti-pathogen-directed immune responses, while curbing unwanted, non-productive inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Ramalho
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM, U4585 FCT), Applied Nutrition Studies Group G.E.N.A.-IUEM), Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Egas Moniz Higher Education School, Monte de Caparica, Portugal
| | - Martin Rao
- ImmunoSurgery Unit, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Chao Zhang
- Treatment and Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | | | | | - Fu-Sheng Wang
- Treatment and Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Alimuddin Zumla
- Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, UCL Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Markus Maeurer
- ImmunoSurgery Unit, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal.
- I Medizinische Klinik, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
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Al Mahri S, Al Ghamdi A, Akiel M, Al Aujan M, Mohammad S, Aziz MA. Free fatty acids receptors 2 and 3 control cell proliferation by regulating cellular glucose uptake. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2020; 12:514-525. [PMID: 32461783 PMCID: PMC7235185 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v12.i5.514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a worldwide problem, which has been associated with changes in diet and lifestyle pattern. As a result of colonic fermentation of dietary fibres, short chain free fatty acids are generated which activate free fatty acid receptors (FFAR) 2 and 3. FFAR2 and FFAR3 genes are abundantly expressed in colonic epithelium and play an important role in the metabolic homeostasis of colonic epithelial cells. Earlier studies point to the involvement of FFAR2 in colorectal carcinogenesis.
AIM To understand the role of short chain FFARs in CRC.
METHODS Transcriptome analysis console software was used to analyse microarray data from CRC patients and cell lines. We employed short-hairpin RNA mediated down regulation of FFAR2 and FFAR3 genes, which was validated using quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction. Assays for glucose uptake and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) generation was done along with immunofluorescence studies to study the effects of FFAR2/FFAR3 knockdown. For measuring cell proliferation, we employed real time electrical impedance-based assay available from xCELLigence.
RESULTS Microarray data analysis of CRC patient samples showed a significant down regulation of FFAR2 gene expression. This prompted us to study the FFAR2 in CRC. Since, FFAR3 shares significant structural and functional homology with FFAR2, we knocked down both these receptors in CRC cell line HCT 116. These modified cell lines exhibited higher proliferation rate and were found to have increased glucose uptake as well as increased level of glucose transporter 1. Since, FFAR2 and FFAR3 signal through G protein subunit (Gαi), knockdown of these receptors was associated with increased cAMP. Inhibition of protein kinase A (PKA) did not alter the growth and proliferation of these cells indicating a mechanism independent of cAMP/PKA pathway.
CONCLUSION Our results suggest role of FFAR2/FFAR3 genes in increased proliferation of colon cancer cells via enhanced glucose uptake and exclude the role of PKA mediated cAMP signalling. Alternate pathways could be involved that would ultimately result in increased cell proliferation as a result of down regulated FFAR2/FFAR3 genes. This study paves the way to understand the mechanism of action of short chain FFARs in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Al Mahri
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
- Ministry of the National Guard - Health Affairs, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Experimental Medicine, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal Al Ghamdi
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
- Ministry of the National Guard - Health Affairs, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
- Colorectal Cancer Research Program, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maaged Akiel
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Genomics, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, United States
| | - Monira Al Aujan
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
- Ministry of the National Guard - Health Affairs, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Genomics, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sameer Mohammad
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
- Ministry of the National Guard - Health Affairs, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Experimental Medicine, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Azhar Aziz
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
- Ministry of the National Guard - Health Affairs, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
- Colorectal Cancer Research Program, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
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Xu C, Li X, Shi Y, Wang B, Sun H. Combinative evaluation of primary tumor and lymph nodes to predict pelvic lymphatic metastasis in cervical cancer: an integrated PET-IVIM MRI study. Cancer Imaging 2020; 20:21. [PMID: 32143736 PMCID: PMC7060657 DOI: 10.1186/s40644-020-00298-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to evaluate the value of combining pelvic lymph node and tumor characteristics on positron emission tomography-intravoxel incoherent motion magnetic resonance (PET-IVIM MR) imaging for predicting lymph node metastasis in patients with cervical cancer, especially in those with negative lymph nodes on PET. Methods The medical records of 95 patients with cervical cancer who underwent surgical resection with pelvic lymph node dissection were evaluated. The patients were divided into negative and positive groups according to postoperative pathologic lymph node diagnosis, and comparisons of the PET and IVIM-derived parameters between the two groups were performed. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to construct a predictive model of lymph node metastasis. Results For all patients, tumor SUVmax, TLG, Dmin, PET and MRI for lymph node diagnosis showed significant differences between patients with and without confirmed lymph node metastasis. Univariate and multivariate logistic analysis showed that the combination of tumor TLG, Dmin and PET for lymph node diagnosis had the strongest predictive value (AUC 0.913, p < 0.001). For patients with PET-negative lymph nodes, SUVmax, SUVmean, MTV, TLG, and Dmin showed significant between-group differences, and univariate and multivariate logistic analysis showed that TLG had the strongest predictive value. Conclusions The combination of tumorTLG, Dmin and PET for lymph node diagnosis is a powerful prognostic factor for all patients. TLG has the best predictive performance in patients with PET negative lymph nodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Xu
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Sanhao Street No36, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China, 110004.,Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging, Sanhao Street No36, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaoran Li
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Sanhao Street No36, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China, 110004
| | - Yanchi Shi
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Sanhao Street No36, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China, 110004
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Sanhao Street No36, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China, 110004
| | - Hongzan Sun
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Sanhao Street No36, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China, 110004. .,Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging, Sanhao Street No36, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning, China.
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Finessi M, Bisi G, Deandreis D. Hyperglycemia and 18F-FDG PET/CT, issues and problem solving: a literature review. Acta Diabetol 2020; 57:253-262. [PMID: 31304560 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-019-01385-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) is a standard procedure for imaging cancer commonly used in the clinical practice for several diseases, in particular for cancer staging, restaging, treatment monitoring and radiation therapy planning. Despite the availability of many radiotracers, 18F-fluoro-2-deoxy-2-D-glucose ([18F]FDG) is the most used. International PET/CT guidelines propose protocols for patients' correct preparation before [18F]FDG injection, in particular with the regard of diabetic patients and therapy management. Hyperglycemic conditions and oral or insulin medication showed advantages and disadvantages on PET/CT scan accuracy: A correct knowledge of effects of these conditions on glucose metabolism assumes a fundamental role on patients management before [18F]FDG PET/CT scan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Finessi
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy.
| | - Gianni Bisi
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | - Désirée Deandreis
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
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Guo W, Sun S, Guo L, Song P, Xue X, Zhang H, Zhang G, Li R, Gao Y, Qiu B, Tan F, Xue Q, Gao S, He J. Elevated SLC2A1 Expression Correlates with Poor Prognosis in Patients with Surgically Resected Lung Adenocarcinoma: A Study Based on Immunohistochemical Analysis and Bioinformatics. DNA Cell Biol 2020; 39:631-644. [PMID: 32096653 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2019.5291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) accounts for an increasing proportion of non-small-cell lung cancer and an increasing number of cancer-related deaths worldwide. However, few biomarkers are available for prognosis and patient stratification. In all eight datasets from the Oncomine and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) LUAD cohorts, solute carrier family 2 member 1 (SLC2A1) was significantly more highly expressed in LUAD tissue than in normal lung tissue. High SLC2A1 expression was also significantly (p < 0.05) associated with a poor prognosis in stage I, II, and III subgroups using the Kaplan-Meier plotter. In the National Cancer Center of China (NCC) cohort, SLC2A1 expression correlated significantly (p < 0.05) with several parameters, including sex, smoking history, tumor size, tumor differentiation, T stage, N stage, and pathologic TNM stage. Moreover, multivariate Cox regression indicated SLC2A1 to be an independent prognostic factor (p < 0.05) in both TCGA and NCC cohorts. Eleven hallmark pathways were significantly enriched (p < 0.01, false discovery rate <0.25) in the high-SLC2A1 expression group. SLC2A1 is a promising biomarker that can be used to predict the prognosis of LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Guo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, The People's Republic of China
| | - Sijin Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, The People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Guo
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, The People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Song
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, The People's Republic of China
| | - Xuemin Xue
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, The People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, The People's Republic of China
| | - Guochao Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, The People's Republic of China
| | - Renda Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, The People's Republic of China
| | - Yibo Gao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, The People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Qiu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, The People's Republic of China
| | - Fengwei Tan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, The People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Xue
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, The People's Republic of China
| | - Shugeng Gao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, The People's Republic of China
| | - Jie He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, The People's Republic of China
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Brahmbhatt AN, Skalski KA, Bhatt AA. Vascular lesions of the head and neck: an update on classification and imaging review. Insights Imaging 2020; 11:19. [PMID: 32034537 PMCID: PMC7007481 DOI: 10.1186/s13244-019-0818-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular lesions have a varied appearance and can commonly occur in the head and neck. A majority of these lesions are cutaneous and congenital; however, some may be acquired and malignant. The presentation and clinical history of patients presenting with head and neck lesions can be used to guide further imaging, which can provide important diagnostic and therapeutic considerations. This review discusses the revised International Society for the Study of Vascular Anomalies (ISSVA) classification system for vascular tumors and malformations, as well as explores the most common vascular anomalies including their clinical presentations and imaging findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshaar N Brahmbhatt
- Department of Imaging Sciences, University of Rochester - Strong Memorial hospital, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.
| | - Kamila A Skalski
- Department of Imaging Sciences, University of Rochester - Strong Memorial hospital, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Alok A Bhatt
- Department of Radiology, Division of Neuroradiology, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
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Calik I, Calik M, Turken G, Ozercan IH. A promising independent prognostic biomarker in colorectal cancer: P2X7 receptor. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2020; 13:107-121. [PMID: 32211091 PMCID: PMC7061807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) is an exclusive member of the purinergic receptor family that plays a key role in tumor progression, including colorectal cancer (CRC). P2X7R supports the tumor cells to resist unfavorable conditions by stimulating GLUT-1 expression. GLUT1 is the major glucose transporter in CRC cells and is indicated to be a poor prognostic indicator in patients with CRC. Recently, P2X7R and GLUT-1 are being investigated as prognostic biomarkers in the development of new treatment options. In this study, we aimed to investigate the prognostic value of P2X7R and GLUT-1 expression in CRC. We examined P2X7R and GLUT-1 expression in specimens of 196 CRC patients, immunohistochemically. P2X7R expression was higher in patients with poorly differentiated tumors than in those with well differentiated ones (P = 0.001). P2X7R and GLUT-1 overexpression were correlated to TILs (P<0.001; P = 0.028, respectively), depth of invasion (P<0.001; P = 014, repectively), distant metastasis (P<0.001), and advanced TNM stage (P<0.001). Moreover, multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that P2X7R overexpression clearly correlated with worsened overall survival (HR 4.69; 95% CI 1.77-12.41; P = 0.002). Similarly, patients with GLUT-1 overexpression showed shorter overall and disease-free survival than those with low expression. Our data support that P2X7R and GLUT-1 may be used as an independent prognostic markers and may present new options in terms of targeted therapies for CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilknur Calik
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Fırat University Turkey
| | - Muhammet Calik
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Fırat University Turkey
| | - Gulistan Turken
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Fırat University Turkey
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Matolay O, Méhes G. Sustain, Adapt, and Overcome-Hypoxia Associated Changes in the Progression of Lymphatic Neoplasia. Front Oncol 2019; 9:1277. [PMID: 31824854 PMCID: PMC6881299 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Irregular perfusion and related tissue hypoxia is a common feature of solid tumors the role of which in the survival and progression cancer has been gradually recognized. Adaptation and selection mechanisms in hypoxic areas in solid tumors are regulated by Hypoxia Inducible transcriptional factor 1 (HIF1) and other hypoxia mediators and are associated with aggressive clinical behavior in a large spectrum of malignancies. Aggressive forms of lymphatic neoplasias present with solid tumor-like features, also including rapid cell growth, necrosis and angiogenesis, the clinical potential of which is still underestimated. While the role of regional hypoxia in normal B-cell maturation and malignant transformation is becoming evident, the impact of tissue hypoxia on their behavior is not well-understood. Compared to some of the common solid cancer types data for some of the key regulators, such as HIF1 and HIF2, and for their downstream effectors are available in a limited fashion. In the current review we aim to overview the physiological aspects of major hypoxia pathways during B-cell maturation and adaptation-related changes reported in lymphatic neoplasia covering important targets, such as carbonic anhydrases IX and XII (CAIX, CAXII), glucose transporter 1 (GLUT-1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). In conclusion, experimental and clinical results direct to important but currently unexploited role of hypoxia-driven resistance mechanisms especially in aggressive forms of B-cell neoplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orsolya Matolay
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Gábor Méhes
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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32
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Meyer HJ, Wienke A, Surov A. Associations between GLUT expression and SUV values derived from FDG-PET in different tumors-A systematic review and meta analysis. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0217781. [PMID: 31206524 PMCID: PMC6576787 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0217781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Fluorodeoxyglucose-Positron-emission tomography (FDG-PET), quantified by standardized uptake values (SUV), is one of the most used functional imaging modality in clinical routine. It is widely acknowledged to be strongly associated with Glucose-transporter family (GLUT)-expression in tumors, which mediates the glucose uptake into cells. The present systematic review sought to elucidate the association between GLUT 1 and 3 expression with SUV values in various tumors. METHODS MEDLINE library was screened for associations between FDG-PET parameters and GLUT correlation cancer up to October 2018. RESULTS There were 53 studies comprising 2291 patients involving GLUT 1 expression and 11 studies comprising 405 patients of GLUT 3 expression. The pooled correlation coefficient for GLUT 1 was r = 0.46 (95% CI 0.40-0.52), for GLUT 3 was r = 0.35 (95%CI 0.24-0.46). Thereafter, subgroup analyses were performed. The highest correlation coefficient for GLUT 1 was found in pancreatic cancer r = 0.60 (95%CI 0.46-0.75), the lowest was identified in colorectal cancer with r = 0.21 (95% CI -0.57-0.09). CONCLUSION An overall only moderate association was found between GLUT 1 expression and SUV values derived from FDG-PET. The correlation coefficient with GLUT 3 was weaker. Presumably, the underlying mechanisms of glucose hypermetabolism in tumors are more complex and not solely depended on the GLUT expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans-Jonas Meyer
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Andreas Wienke
- Institute of Medical Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Informatics, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Alexey Surov
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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Pettenuzzo N, Brustolin L, Coltri E, Gambalunga A, Chiara F, Trevisan A, Biondi B, Nardon C, Fregona D. Cu II and Au III Complexes with Glycoconjugated Dithiocarbamato Ligands for Potential Applications in Targeted Chemotherapy. ChemMedChem 2019; 14:1162-1172. [PMID: 31091012 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201900226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
This work is focused on the synthesis, characterization, and preliminary biological evaluation of bio-conjugated AuIII and CuII complexes with the aim of overcoming the well-known side effects of chemotherapy by improving the selective accumulation of an anticancer metal payload in malignant cells. For this purpose, carbohydrates were chosen as targeting agents, exploiting the Warburg effect that accounts for the overexpression of glucose-transporter proteins (in particular GLUTs) in the phospholipid bilayer of most neoplastic cells. We linked the dithiocarbamato moiety to the C1 position of three different monosaccharides: d-glucose, d-galactose, and d-mannose. Altogether, six complexes with a 1:2 metal-to-ligand stoichiometry were synthesized and in vitro tested as anticancer agents. One of them showed high cytotoxic activity toward the HCT116 colorectal human carcinoma cell line, paving the way to future in vivo studies aimed at evaluating the role of carbohydrates in the selective delivery of whole molecules into cancerous cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolò Pettenuzzo
- Department of Chemical Sciences (DISC), University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy.,Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences (DISCOG), University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128, Padova, Italy
| | - Leonardo Brustolin
- Department of Chemical Sciences (DISC), University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy.,Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences (DISCOG), University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128, Padova, Italy
| | - Elisa Coltri
- Department of Chemical Sciences (DISC), University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Alberto Gambalunga
- Department of Cardio-Thoraco-Vascular Sciences and Public Health (DCTV), University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128, Padova, Italy
| | - Federica Chiara
- Department of Cardio-Thoraco-Vascular Sciences and Public Health (DCTV), University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128, Padova, Italy
| | - Andrea Trevisan
- Department of Cardio-Thoraco-Vascular Sciences and Public Health (DCTV), University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128, Padova, Italy
| | - Barbara Biondi
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Padova Unit, CNR, Via Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Chiara Nardon
- Department of Chemical Sciences (DISC), University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Dolores Fregona
- Department of Chemical Sciences (DISC), University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
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Yang H, Zhong JT, Zhou SH, Han HM. Roles of GLUT-1 and HK-II expression in the biological behavior of head and neck cancer. Oncotarget 2019; 10:3066-3083. [PMID: 31105886 PMCID: PMC6508962 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The Warburg effect plays an important role in the proliferation and invasion of malignant tumors. Glucose transporter 1 and hexokinase II are two key energy transporters involved in mediating the Warburg effect. This review will analyze the mechanisms of these two markers in their effects on the biological behavior of head and neck cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China.,Present Address: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The People's Hospital of Jiangshan City, Jiangshan, Zhejiang, 324100, China
| | - Jiang-Tao Zhong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
| | - Shui-Hong Zhou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
| | - He-Ming Han
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, China
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Kim E, Jung S, Park WS, Lee JH, Shin R, Heo SC, Choe EK, Lee JH, Kim K, Chai YJ. Upregulation of SLC2A3 gene and prognosis in colorectal carcinoma: analysis of TCGA data. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:302. [PMID: 30943948 PMCID: PMC6446261 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-5475-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Upregulation of SLC2A genes that encode glucose transporter (GLUT) protein is associated with poor prognosis in many cancers. In colorectal cancer, studies reporting the association between overexpression of GLUT and poor clinical outcomes were flawed by small sample sizes or subjective interpretation of immunohistochemical staining. Here, we analyzed mRNA expressions in all 14 SLC2A genes and evaluated the association with prognosis in colorectal cancer using data from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. METHODS In the present study, we analyzed the expression of SLC2A genes in colorectal cancer and their association with prognosis using data obtained from the TCGA for the discovery sample, and a dataset from the Gene Expression Omnibus for the validation sample. RESULTS SLC2A3 was significantly associated with overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in both the discovery sample (345 patients) and validation sample (501 patients). High SLC2A3 expression resulted in shorter OS and DFS. In multivariate analyses, high SLC2A3 levels predicted unfavorable OS (adjusted HR 1.95, 95% CI 1.22-3.11; P = 0.005) and were associated with poor DFS (adjusted HR 1.85, 95% CI 1.10-3.12; P = 0.02). Similar results were found in the discovery set. CONCLUSION Upregulation of the SLC2A3 genes is associated with decreased OS and DFS in colorectal cancer patients. Therefore, assessment of SLC2A3 gene expression may useful for predicting prognosis in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunyoung Kim
- Department of Surgery, National Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sohee Jung
- Division of Clinical Bioinformatics, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Seo Park
- Department of Surgery, Graduate College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon-Hyop Lee
- Department of Surgery, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Rumi Shin
- Department of Surgery, Seoul Metropolitan Government - Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, 20 Boramae-ro 5-gil, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 156-70, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Chul Heo
- Department of Surgery, Seoul Metropolitan Government - Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, 20 Boramae-ro 5-gil, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 156-70, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Kyung Choe
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System, Gangnam Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hyun Lee
- Department of Statistics, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwangsoo Kim
- Division of Clinical Bioinformatics, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young Jun Chai
- Department of Surgery, Seoul Metropolitan Government - Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, 20 Boramae-ro 5-gil, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 156-70, Republic of Korea.
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Li H, Fu L, Liu B, Lin X, Dong Q, Wang E. Ajuba overexpression regulates mitochondrial potential and glucose uptake through YAP/Bcl-xL/GLUT1 in human gastric cancer. Gene 2019; 693:16-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Li K, Sun H, Guo Q. Combinative evaluation of primary tumor and lymph nodes in predicting pelvic lymphatic metastasis in early-stage cervical cancer: A multiparametric PET-CT study. Eur J Radiol 2019; 113:153-157. [PMID: 30927941 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2019.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to investigate the value of combining tumor and pelvic lymph node (PLN) characteristics on PET-CT in predicting PLN metastasis of patients with early-stage cervical cancer, specifically to further reduce the false-negative cases of diagnosis. METHODS The [18F] FDG PET-CT imaging data of 394 patients who were newly diagnosed with cervical cancer (FIGO stage, Ia-IIa) were retrospectively studied. We measured size, total lesion glycolysis (TLG) of tumor, metabolic tumor volume (MTV), maximum and mean standardized uptake value (SUVmax, SUVmean) of tumor and lymph node (LN). Diagnostic efficiency was evaluated using receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve. We also investigated additional CT diagnosis information in PET-negative cases. RESULTS Our results indicated both lymph node and tumor parameters were independent risk factors for lymphatic metastasis in early-stage cervical cancer. The diagnosis based on above meaningful parameters, we name it 'combination diagnosis', offered significantly higher predictive value than that based on SUV measurement alone, which the values of AUC were 0.842 and 0.784 respectively (P < 0.05). In PET-negative cases, we also found that tumor TLG, suspicious LN in lymphatic drainage pathway, long/short axis of LN ≤ 2, heterogeneity of LN significantly associated with PLN metastasis. ROC analysis showed combination diagnosis of all these parameters above produced an AUC value of 0.859 (P < 0.05, 95% CI, 0.811-0.899), which was significantly higher than either using tumor TLG alone (AUC = 0.622, Z = 3.919, P < 0.05) or indices derived from CT alone (AUC = 0.727, 0.668, 0.695. Z = 3.620, 5.356, 3.696, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS We proposed a combination diagnosis method that can better predict PLN metastasis for patients with early-stage cervical cancer. In PET-negative cases, combination diagnosis of TLG of tumor and CT indicators also produced improved prediction by reducing false-negative cases of diagnosis. This combination diagnosis approach has significant implications in cervical cancer patient management and treatment planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Li
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Sanhao Street No36, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, PR China
| | - Hongzan Sun
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Sanhao Street No36, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, PR China.
| | - Qiyong Guo
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Sanhao Street No36, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110004, PR China
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Deng Y, Zou J, Deng T, Liu J. Clinicopathological and prognostic significance of GLUT1 in breast cancer: A meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e12961. [PMID: 30508885 PMCID: PMC6283226 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000012961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies examining the prognostic value of glucose transporter 1 in breast cancer have yielded inconsistent results. We, therefore, performed a meta-analysis to clarify this issue. METHODS The research was reported according to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Relevant studies were retrieved from PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Cochrane library. RESULTS A total of 7 reports with 1861 patients were finally chosen. GLUT1 overexpression was found to be associated with high histological grade (OR = 3.74, 95% CI = 2.45-5.69, P < .001), negative PR status (OR = 0.33, 95% CI = 0.22-0.49, P < .001), and negative estrogen receptor (ER) status (OR = 0.27, 95% CI = 0.17-0.42, P < .001). However, no significant correlation was seen between GLUT1 levels and presence of lymph node metastasis, tumor size or the status of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). Overexpression of GLUT1 also correlated with a poor overall survival (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.65, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.17-2.31, P = .004) and disease-free survival (HR = 2.35, 95% CI = 1.4-3.94, P < .001). No evidence of significant publication bias was found. CONCLUSION This meta-analysis indicates that GLUT1 expression is associated with poor prognostic and a series of clinicopathological features in breast cancer. GLUT1 might be a potential biomarker and therapeutic target in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Deng
- School of Medicine, Chengdu University, Chengdu
| | - Jialing Zou
- Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, affiliated with Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai
| | - Ting Deng
- Guanghan Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Guanghan
| | - Junying Liu
- Central Lab, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Univerisity Chengdu, P.R. China
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Eskian M, Alavi A, Khorasanizadeh M, Viglianti BL, Jacobsson H, Barwick TD, Meysamie A, Yi SK, Iwano S, Bybel B, Caobelli F, Lococo F, Gea J, Sancho-Muñoz A, Schildt J, Tatcı E, Lapa C, Keramida G, Peters M, Boktor RR, John J, Pitman AG, Mazurek T, Rezaei N. Effect of blood glucose level on standardized uptake value (SUV) in 18F- FDG PET-scan: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 20,807 individual SUV measurements. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2018; 46:224-237. [DOI: 10.1007/s00259-018-4194-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Li K, Sun H, Lu Z, Xin J, Zhang L, Guo Y, Guo Q. Value of [ 18F]FDG PET radiomic features and VEGF expression in predicting pelvic lymphatic metastasis and their potential relationship in early-stage cervical squamous cell carcinoma. Eur J Radiol 2018; 106:160-166. [PMID: 30150039 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2018.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to explore the value of 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-d-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography ([18F]FDG PET/CT) radiomic features combined with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in predicting pelvic lymphatic metastasis in patients with early-stage cervical squamous cell carcinoma and the added value of radiomic features in predicting VEGF expression. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ninety-four newly diagnosed cervical squamous cell carcinoma patients (training dataset: n = 64, validation cohort: n = 30) in stage Ia to IIa, according to the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging system, who underwent [18F]FDG PET/CT were retrospectively analyzed. Radiomic features of the [18F]FDG PET scans were extracted, and the value of the lymph node sizes, metabolic parameters (both tumor and lymph nodes), radiomic features and VEGF expression level in predicting lymphatic metastasis were evaluated by receiver operating characteristics curves (ROC) and were compared using DeLong test. Moreover, we studied the associations between the [18F]FDG PET radiomic features and VEGF expression. RESULTS Total lesion glycolysis (TLG) and the expression of VEGF were significantly higher in subjects with lymphatic metastasis than in those without. The homogeneity feature derived from the histogram, the skewness, had a certain value in predicting lymphatic metastasis (AUC = 0.803 in training dataset, P < 0.05, 95% CI 0.684, 0.892; AUC = 0.757 in validation dataset, P < 0.05, 95% CI 0.545, 0.904). Additionally, the combination of this radiomic feature and VEGF expression had a significantly superior predictive value (AUC = 0.878, P < 0.05, 95% CI 0.772- 0.947), compared to that of the conventional parameters. Moreover, 26 radiomic features derived from the histogram and GLCM features correlated with VEGF expression. CONCLUSIONS In patients with early-stage cervical squamous cell carcinoma, PLN metastasis can be predicted by TLG and the textural feature of homogeneity. Radiomic features in combination with the VEGF expression level improved the prediction accuracy. In addition, some features derived from the histogram and gray-level co-occurrence matrices (GLCM) may have a certain value in predicting the VEGF expression level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Li
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Hongzan Sun
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Zaiming Lu
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jun Xin
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Le Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | | | - Qiyong Guo
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
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Avanzato D, Pupo E, Ducano N, Isella C, Bertalot G, Luise C, Pece S, Bruna A, Rueda OM, Caldas C, Di Fiore PP, Sapino A, Lanzetti L. High USP6NL Levels in Breast Cancer Sustain Chronic AKT Phosphorylation and GLUT1 Stability Fueling Aerobic Glycolysis. Cancer Res 2018; 78:3432-3444. [PMID: 29691252 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-3018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2017] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
USP6NL, also named RN-tre, is a GTPase-activating protein involved in control of endocytosis and signal transduction. Here we report that USP6NL is overexpressed in breast cancer, mainly of the basal-like/integrative cluster 10 subtype. Increased USP6NL levels were accompanied by gene amplification and were associated with worse prognosis in the METABRIC dataset, retaining prognostic value in multivariable analysis. High levels of USP6NL in breast cancer cells delayed endocytosis and degradation of the EGFR, causing chronic AKT (protein kinase B) activation. In turn, AKT stabilized the glucose transporter GLUT1 at the plasma membrane, increasing aerobic glycolysis. In agreement, elevated USP6NL sensitized breast cancer cells to glucose deprivation, indicating that their glycolytic capacity relies on this protein. Depletion of USP6NL accelerated EGFR/AKT downregulation and GLUT1 degradation, impairing cell proliferation exclusively in breast cancer cells that harbored increased levels of USP6NL. Overall, these findings argue that USP6NL overexpression generates a metabolic rewiring that is essential to foster the glycolytic demand of breast cancer cells and promote their proliferation.Significance: USP6NL overexpression leads to glycolysis addiction of breast cancer cells and presents a point of metabolic vulnerability for therapeutic targeting in a subset of aggressive basal-like breast tumors.Graphical Abstract: http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/canres/78/13/3432/F1.large.jpg Cancer Res; 78(13); 3432-44. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Avanzato
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino Medical School, Torino, Italy
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO - IRCCS, Candiolo, Torino, Italy
| | - Emanuela Pupo
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino Medical School, Torino, Italy
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO - IRCCS, Candiolo, Torino, Italy
| | - Nadia Ducano
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO - IRCCS, Candiolo, Torino, Italy
| | - Claudio Isella
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO - IRCCS, Candiolo, Torino, Italy
| | - Giovanni Bertalot
- Molecular Medicine Program, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Luise
- Molecular Medicine Program, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Salvatore Pece
- Molecular Medicine Program, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Alejandra Bruna
- Department of Oncology and Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Oscar M Rueda
- Department of Oncology and Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Carlos Caldas
- Department of Oncology and Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Pier Paolo Di Fiore
- Molecular Medicine Program, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- IFOM, The FIRC Institute for Molecular Oncology Foundation, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Sapino
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO - IRCCS, Candiolo, Torino, Italy
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino Medical School, Torino, Italy
| | - Letizia Lanzetti
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino Medical School, Torino, Italy.
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO - IRCCS, Candiolo, Torino, Italy
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42
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Shiao SPK, Xiao H, Dong L, Wang X, Liu K, She J, Shi H. Genome wide DNA differential methylation regions in colorectal cancer patients in relation to blood related family members, obese and non-obese controls - a preliminary report. Oncotarget 2018; 9:25557-25571. [PMID: 29876008 PMCID: PMC5986643 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite evidences linking methylation changes in the cancer tissues, little is known about the methylation modification in the peripheral blood. With the current study, we identified differential methylation regions (DMRs) across human genome by collecting the blood samples of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients compared to that of their blood-related family who shared genetic inheritance and environmental influences, and unrelated obese and non-obese controls by accessing publicly available Gene Expression Omnibus data. We performed genome-wide analyses using the reduced representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS) method covering about 25% of CpGs for whole human genome of the four groups (n = 5 each). In comparison to the non-obese controls, we observed significant DMRs in CRC for genes involved in tumorigenesis including MLH3, MSH2, MSH6, SEPT9, GNAS; and glucose transporter genes associated with obesity and diabetes including SLC2A1/GLUT1, and SLC2A3/GLUT3 that were reported on methylation being modified in cancer tissues. In addition, we observed significant DMRs in CRC for genes involved in the methylation pathways including PEMT, ALDH1L1, and DNMT3A. CRC and family members shared significant DMRs for genes of tumorigenesis including MSH2, SEPT9, GNAS, SLC2A1/GLUT1 and SLC2A3/GLUT3); and CAMK1, GLUT1/SLC2A1 and GLUT3/SLC2A3 genes involved in glucose and insulin metabolism that played vital role in development of obesity and diabetes. Our study provided evidences that these differentially methylated genes in the blood could potentially serve as candidate biomarkers for CRC diagnostic and may provide further understanding on CRC progression. Further studies are warranted to validate these methylation changes for diagnostic and prevention of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Pamela K Shiao
- College of Nursing, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.,Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.,Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Haiyan Xiao
- College of Nursing, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Lixin Dong
- College of Nursing, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Xiaoling Wang
- Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.,Georgia Prevention Institute, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Kebin Liu
- Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.,Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Jinxiong She
- Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.,Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Huidong Shi
- Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.,Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta, GA, USA
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Yu M, Yongzhi H, Chen S, Luo X, Lin Y, Zhou Y, Jin H, Hou B, Deng Y, Tu L, Jian Z. The prognostic value of GLUT1 in cancers: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Oncotarget 2018; 8:43356-43367. [PMID: 28498810 PMCID: PMC5522151 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased glycolysis is one of the hallmarks of cancer. The abnormal expression of glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) was reported to be associated with resistance to current therapy and poor prognosis. Numerous studies have investigated the correlation between GLUT1 expression and prognosis in cancers, but the conclusions are still controversial. Here, we conducted a meta-analysis to explore the association between GLUT1 and survival in human cancers. PubMed, Springer, Medline, and Cochrane Library were searched carefully to identify eligible studies evaluating prognostic value of GLUT1 in cancers. Twenty-seven studies with 4079 patients were included in the present study. Our pooled results identified that increased expression of GLUT1 was associated with unfavorable overall survival (HR = 1.780, 95% CI = 1.574–.013, p < 0.001)) and poorer disease-free survival (HR = 1.95, 95% CI = 1.229–3.095, p = 0.003). Furthermore, overexpression of GLUT1 linked with poor differentiated tumors (RR = 1.380, 95% CI = 1.086–1.755, p = 0.009; I2 = 72.0%, p < 0.001), positive lymph node metastasis (RR = 1.395, 95% CI = 1.082–1.799, p = 0.010; I2 = 70.8%, p = 0.002) and larger tumor size (RR = 1.405, 95% CI = 1.231–1.603, p < 0.001; I2 = 37.3%, p = 0.093). This systematic review and meta-analysis indicated that the GLUT1 may serve as an ideal prognostic biomarker in various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Han Yongzhi
- Department of Dermatology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shengying Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaodan Luo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ye Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haosheng Jin
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baohua Hou
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanying Deng
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Tu
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhixiang Jian
- Department of General Surgery, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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Bao Y, Guo Y, Zhang C, Fan F, Yang W. Sphingosine Kinase 1 and Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Signaling in Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18102109. [PMID: 28991193 PMCID: PMC5666791 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18102109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Revised: 09/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine kinase 1 (Sphk1) is a highly conserved lipid kinase that phosphorylates sphingosine to form sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P). Growing studies have demonstrated that Sphk1 is overexpressed in various types of solid cancers and can be induced by growth factors, cytokines, and carcinogens, leading to the increase of S1P production. Subsequently, the increased Sphk1/S1P facilitates cancer cell proliferation, mobility, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis. Therefore, Sphk1/S1P signaling plays oncogenic roles. This review summarizes the features of Sphk1/S1P signaling and their functions in colorectal cancer cell growth, tumorigenesis, and metastasis, as well as the possible underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghua Bao
- Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, China.
| | - Yongchen Guo
- Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, China.
| | - Chenglan Zhang
- Department of Nursing, Health Professional College of Heilongjiang Province, Beian 164000, China.
| | - Fenghua Fan
- Department of Nursing, Health Professional College of Heilongjiang Province, Beian 164000, China.
| | - Wancai Yang
- Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, China.
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago 60612, IL, USA.
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GabAllah GMK, El-din Habib MS, Soliman SES, Kasemy ZA, Gohar SF. Validity and clinical impact of glucose transporter 1 expression in colorectal cancer. Saudi J Gastroenterol 2017; 23:348-356. [PMID: 29205188 PMCID: PMC5738797 DOI: 10.4103/sjg.sjg_197_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM There is no doubt that colorectal cancer (CRC) poses a major threat to public health worldwide, and despite improvement in managements, prognosis still remains an irritating question with no definite answer. Being a fundamental player in cancer metabolism, glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) could be utilized as a prognostic biomarker that could fuel development of new treatment strategies. The aim of this study was to assess the validity of GLUT1 expression as a prognostic biomarker and to elucidate to what extent it is immersed in poor clinical outcome among CRC patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS GLUT1 expression in peripheral blood specimens was analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction in 47 CRC patients and 20 healthy controls. RESULTS There was significantly elevated GLUT1 expression in peripheral blood of CRC patients than in controls (P < 0.001). The cutoff value of 0.605 provided 98% sensitivity and 100% specificity. There were significantly higher values of GLUT1 expression in patients under 50 years (P = 0.003), performance status 2 (P = 0.009), stage IV (P < 0.001), and presence of metastasis (P < 0.001). GLUT1 expression showed nonsignificant association with overall survival (P = 0.068), while tumor stage (P = 0.01) and metastasis (P = 0.009) were significantly associated with lower overall survival. CONCLUSION GLUT1 is sensitive and specific marker for CRC. It is overexpressed in young age patients, poor performance status, and stage IV patients. Although this was not statistically significant, GLUT 1 showed higher expression level in patients with lesser survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghada M. K. GabAllah
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shibin El Kom, Egypt
| | - Mona Salah El-din Habib
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shibin El Kom, Egypt
| | - Shimaa El-Shafey Soliman
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shibin El Kom, Egypt
| | - Zienab A. Kasemy
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shibin El Kom, Egypt
| | - Suzy F. Gohar
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shibin El Kom, Egypt,Address for correspondence: Dr. Suzy Fawzy Gohar, Department of Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shibin El Kom, Egypt. E-mail:
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