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Li A, Yi H, Deng S, Ruan M, Xu P, Huo Y, Lu H, Shen X, Ouyang B, Cai M, Xu H, Wang Z, Zhang L, Zhu L, Peng Q, Gu Y, Xie J, Wang Y, Dong L, Liu Z, Wang C. The genetic landscape of histologically transformed marginal zone lymphomas. Cancer 2024; 130:1246-1256. [PMID: 37941429 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.35072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Marginal zone lymphomas (MZLs) comprise a diverse group of indolent lymphoproliferative disorders; however, some patients develop histologic transformation (HT) with rapid progression to aggressive lymphoma. METHODS Forty-three MZLs with HT (HT-MZLs), 535 MZLs, and 174 de novo diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCLs) without rearrangements of MYC, BCL2, and BCL6 were collected. Among these, 22 HT-MZLs, 39 MZLs, and 174 DLBCLs were subjected to 148-gene targeted exome sequencing. The clinicopathologic features of patients who had HT-MZL and their genetic alterations were compared with those of patients who had MZLs and DLBCLs. RESULTS All 43 HT-MZLs corresponded to DLBCLs. No HT-MZLs harbored BCL2 and MYC and/or BCL6 rearrangements. Bone marrow involvement and higher levels of lactate dehydrogenase were significantly more common in HT-MZLs than in MZLs. Furthermore, upregulated BCL6, MUM1, C-MYC, and Ki-67 expression was observed more frequently in HT-MZLs than in MZLs. TBL1XR1 was the most frequently altered gene (63.6%) in HT-MZLs, followed by CCND3 (31.8%), CARD11, ID3, and TP53 (22.7%). A trend toward worse progression-free survival in patients with TBL1XR1 mutations was observed. Compared with MZLs and non-germinal center B-cell (GCB) type DLBCLs, significantly higher frequencies of TBL1XR1 and ID3 mutations were identified in HT-MZLs. PIM1 mutations frequently occurred in DLBCLs and were significantly associated with TBL1XR1 mutations but were mutated less in HT-MZLs that had TBL1XR1 mutations. CONCLUSIONS The current findings reveal the clinicopathologic and genetic features of HT-MZLs, suggesting that these tumors might constitute a group distinct from MZL and de novo non-GCB type DLBCL. TBL1XR1 mutations may be considered a predictor of HT in MZL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Li
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongmei Yi
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shijie Deng
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Miao Ruan
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Pengpeng Xu
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yujia Huo
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Haiyang Lu
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xia Shen
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Binsen Ouyang
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingci Cai
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Haimin Xu
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongyu Wang
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingyan Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Peng
- Department of Pathology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yijin Gu
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jialing Xie
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Dong
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zebing Liu
- Department of Pathology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chaofu Wang
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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2
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García-Sanz R, García-Álvarez M, Medina A, Askari E, González-Calle V, Casanova M, de la Torre-Loizaga I, Escalante-Barrigón F, Bastos-Boente M, Bárez A, Vidaña-Bedera N, Alonso JM, Sarasquete ME, González M, Chillón MC, Alcoceba M, Jiménez C. Clonal architecture and evolutionary history of Waldenström's macroglobulinemia at the single-cell level. Dis Model Mech 2023; 16:dmm050227. [PMID: 37493341 PMCID: PMC10461465 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.050227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
To provide insight into the subclonal architecture and co-dependency patterns of the alterations in Waldenström's macroglobulinemia (WM), we performed single-cell mutational and protein profiling of eight patients. A custom panel was designed to screen for mutations and copy number alterations at the single-cell level in samples taken from patients at diagnosis (n=5) or at disease progression (n=3). Results showed that in asymptomatic WM at diagnosis, MYD88L265P was the predominant clonal alteration; other events, if present, were secondary and subclonal to MYD88L265P. In symptomatic WM, clonal diversity was more evident, uncovering combinations of alterations that synergized to promote clonal expansion and dominance. At disease progression, a dominant clone was observed, sometimes accompanied by other less complex minor clones, which could be consistent with a clonal selection process. Clonal diversity was also reduced, probably due to the effect of treatment. Finally, we combined protein expression with mutational analysis to map somatic genotype with the immunophenotype. Our findings provide a comprehensive view of the clonality of tumor populations in WM and how clonal complexity can evolve and impact disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramón García-Sanz
- Hematology Department, University Hospital of Salamanca (HUS/IBSAL), CIBERONC and Cancer Research Institute of Salamanca-IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), Salamanca 37007, Spain
| | - María García-Álvarez
- Hematology Department, University Hospital of Salamanca (HUS/IBSAL), CIBERONC and Cancer Research Institute of Salamanca-IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), Salamanca 37007, Spain
| | - Alejandro Medina
- Hematology Department, University Hospital of Salamanca (HUS/IBSAL), CIBERONC and Cancer Research Institute of Salamanca-IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), Salamanca 37007, Spain
| | - Elham Askari
- Hematology Department, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red-Cáncer, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Verónica González-Calle
- Hematology Department, University Hospital of Salamanca (HUS/IBSAL), CIBERONC and Cancer Research Institute of Salamanca-IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), Salamanca 37007, Spain
| | - María Casanova
- Hematology Department, Hospital Costa del Sol, Marbella 29603, Spain
| | - Igor de la Torre-Loizaga
- Hematology Department, University Hospital of Salamanca (HUS/IBSAL), CIBERONC and Cancer Research Institute of Salamanca-IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), Salamanca 37007, Spain
| | | | - Miguel Bastos-Boente
- Hematology Department, University Hospital of Salamanca (HUS/IBSAL), CIBERONC and Cancer Research Institute of Salamanca-IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), Salamanca 37007, Spain
| | - Abelardo Bárez
- Hematology Department, Complejo Asistencial de Ávila, Ávila 05071, Spain
| | - Nerea Vidaña-Bedera
- Hematology Department, University Hospital of Salamanca (HUS/IBSAL), CIBERONC and Cancer Research Institute of Salamanca-IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), Salamanca 37007, Spain
| | - José María Alonso
- Hematology Department, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Palencia, Palencia 34005, Spain
| | - María Eugenia Sarasquete
- Hematology Department, University Hospital of Salamanca (HUS/IBSAL), CIBERONC and Cancer Research Institute of Salamanca-IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), Salamanca 37007, Spain
| | - Marcos González
- Hematology Department, University Hospital of Salamanca (HUS/IBSAL), CIBERONC and Cancer Research Institute of Salamanca-IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), Salamanca 37007, Spain
| | - María Carmen Chillón
- Hematology Department, University Hospital of Salamanca (HUS/IBSAL), CIBERONC and Cancer Research Institute of Salamanca-IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), Salamanca 37007, Spain
| | - Miguel Alcoceba
- Hematology Department, University Hospital of Salamanca (HUS/IBSAL), CIBERONC and Cancer Research Institute of Salamanca-IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), Salamanca 37007, Spain
| | - Cristina Jiménez
- Hematology Department, University Hospital of Salamanca (HUS/IBSAL), CIBERONC and Cancer Research Institute of Salamanca-IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), Salamanca 37007, Spain
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3
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Obiorah IE, Karrs J, Brown L, Wang HW, Karai LJ, Hoc-Tran T, Anh T, Xi L, Pittaluga S, Raffeld M, Jaffe ES. Overlapping Features of Primary Cutaneous Marginal Zone Lymphoproliferative Disorder and Primary Cutaneous CD4 + Small/Medium T-Cell Lymphoproliferative Disorder : A Diagnostic Challenge Examined by Genomic Analysis. Am J Surg Pathol 2023; 47:344-353. [PMID: 36598455 PMCID: PMC9974535 DOI: 10.1097/pas.0000000000001984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Primary cutaneous marginal zone lymphoproliferative disorder (PCMZL) and primary cutaneous CD4 + small/medium T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder (CD4 + TLPD) are indolent lymphoproliferative disorders. However, cases with overlapping features can be challenging. We identified 56 CD4 + TLPD and 38 PCMZL cases from our pathology archives. Clinical, morphologic, and immunophenotypic features were reviewed. Polymerase chain reaction for immunoglobulin (IG) and T-cell receptor gamma (TRG) gene rearrangements were analyzed. Next-generation sequencing studies were performed on 26 cases with adequate material, 19 with CD4 + TLPD, and 7 with PCMZL. CD4 + TLPD presented mostly (91%) as solitary lesions, located in the head and neck area (64%), while PCMZL occurred mostly in the upper extremity (47%) and trunk (34%). Lesions were sometimes multiple (40%) and recurrences (67%) were more common. Cases of PCMZL had an increase in reactive CD3 + T cells, with frequent programmed cell death protein 1 expression, whereas cases of CD4 + TLPD often contained abundant reactive B cells. Twenty-five cases were identified as having overlapping features: 6 cases of PCMZL were clonal for both IG and TRG; 11 cases of CD4 + TLPD were clonal for IG and TRG and 6 cases of CD4 + TLPD had light chain-restricted plasma cells. By next-generation sequencing, 23 variants were detected in 15 genes, with PCMZL more likely to show alterations, most commonly affecting TNFAIP3 and FAS, altered in 5 cases. Both entities have an indolent clinical course with response to conservative therapy and management, and warrant interpretation as a lymphoproliferative disorder rather than overt lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ifeyinwa E Obiorah
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jeremiah Karrs
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Laura Brown
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, CA
| | - Hao-Wei Wang
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Trinh Hoc-Tran
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Thu Anh
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Liqiang Xi
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Stefania Pittaluga
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mark Raffeld
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Elaine S. Jaffe
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
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4
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Bende RJ, Slot LM, Kwakkenbos MJ, Wormhoudt TA, Jongejan A, Verstappen GM, van Kampen AC, Guikema JE, Kroese FG, van Noesel CJ. Lymphoma-associated mutations in autoreactive memory B cells of patients with Sjögren's syndrome. J Pathol 2023; 259:264-275. [PMID: 36426826 PMCID: PMC10108009 DOI: 10.1002/path.6039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
We recently demonstrated that normal memory B lymphocytes carry a substantial number of de novo mutations in the genome. Here, we performed exome-wide somatic mutation analyses of bona fide autoreactive rheumatoid factor (RF)-expressing memory B cells retrieved from patients with Sjӧgren's syndrome (SS). The amount and repertoire of the de novo exome mutations of RF B cells were found to be essentially different from those detected in healthy donor memory B cells. In contrast to the mutation spectra of normal B cells, which appeared random and non-selected, the mutations of the RF B cells were greater in number and enriched for mutations in genes also found mutated in B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas. During the study, one of the SS patients developed a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) out of an RF clone that was identified 2 years earlier in an inflamed salivary gland biopsy. The successive oncogenic events in the RF precursor clone and the DLBCL were assessed. In conclusion, our findings of enhanced and selected genomic damage in growth-regulating genes in RF memory B cells of SS patients together with the documented transformation of an RF-precursor clone into DLBCL provide unique novel insight into the earliest stages of B-cell derailment and lymphomagenesis. © 2022 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Bende
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Lymphoma and Myeloma Center (LYMMCARE), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Cancer Center Amsterdam (CCA), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Linda M Slot
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Lymphoma and Myeloma Center (LYMMCARE), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Cancer Center Amsterdam (CCA), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Thera Am Wormhoudt
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Lymphoma and Myeloma Center (LYMMCARE), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Cancer Center Amsterdam (CCA), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Aldo Jongejan
- Bioinformatics Laboratory, Epidemiology & Data Science, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gwenny M Verstappen
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, UMC Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Antoine Cm van Kampen
- Bioinformatics Laboratory, Epidemiology & Data Science, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Biosystems Data analysis, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Ej Guikema
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Lymphoma and Myeloma Center (LYMMCARE), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Cancer Center Amsterdam (CCA), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frans Gm Kroese
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, UMC Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Carel Jm van Noesel
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Lymphoma and Myeloma Center (LYMMCARE), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Cancer Center Amsterdam (CCA), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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5
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Kirkegaard MK. Ocular adnexal lymphoma: Subtype‐specific clinical and genetic features. Acta Ophthalmol 2022; 100 Suppl 270:3-37. [DOI: 10.1111/aos.15248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Knudsen Kirkegaard
- Department of Pathology, Eye Section, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet Copenhagen Denmark
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6
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Wang Q, Wu K, Zhang X, Liu Y, Sun Z, Wei S, Zhang B. Primary hepatopancreatobiliary lymphoma: Pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management. Front Oncol 2022; 12:951062. [PMID: 36110965 PMCID: PMC9469986 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.951062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary hepatopancreatobiliary lymphoma (PHPBL) is extremely rare, which is defined as a lympho-proliferative disease confined to the hepatobiliary system and pancreas without any involvement of lymph nodes, bone marrow, or other organs. The clinical and imaging manifestations of PHPBL are variable and non-special, which are akin to those of tumors of the hepatobiliary and pancreatic systems. The overall prognosis and management of PHPBL differ from those of other tumors in the hepatobiliary system and pancreas. Proper diagnosis and prompt treatment are essential for improving clinical outcomes. Due to its rarity, the optimal treatment has not been issued. However, combination chemotherapy is considered as a standard treatment for them. This review provides an overview of the pathogenesis, diagnosis, pathology, and management of PHPBL and offers clinicians the diagnosis and management schedule for PHPBL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianwen Wang
- Department of Surgery, Fourth Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, China
| | - Kangze Wu
- Department of Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuzhao Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Surgery, Fourth Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, China
| | - Zhouyi Sun
- Department of Surgery, Fourth Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, China
| | - Shumei Wei
- Department of Pathology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Bo Zhang, ; Shumei Wei,
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Bo Zhang, ; Shumei Wei,
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7
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Genomic landscape of Epstein-Barr virus-positive extranodal marginal zone lymphomas of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue. Mod Pathol 2022; 35:938-945. [PMID: 34952945 DOI: 10.1038/s41379-021-01002-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive extranodal marginal zone lymphomas of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT lymphomas) were initially described in solid organ transplant recipients, and, more recently, in other immunodeficiency settings. The overall prevalence of EBV-positive MALT lymphomas has not been established, and little is known with respect to their genomic characteristics. Eight EBV-positive MALT lymphomas were identified, including 1 case found after screening a series of 88 consecutive MALT lymphomas with EBER in situ hybridization (1%). The genomic landscape was assessed in 7 of the 8 cases with a targeted high throughput sequencing panel and array comparative genomic hybridization. Results were compared to published data for MALT lymphomas. Of the 8 cases, 6 occurred post-transplant, 1 in the setting of primary immunodeficiency, and 1 case was age-related. Single pathogenic/likely pathogenic mutations were identified in 4 of 7 cases, including mutations in IRF8, BRAF, TNFAIP3, and SMARCA4. Other than TNFAIP3, these genes are mutated in <3% of EBV-negative MALT lymphomas. Copy number abnormalities were identified in 6 of 7 cases with a median of 6 gains and 2 losses per case, including 4 cases with gains in regions encompassing several IRF family or interacting genes (IRF2BP2, IRF2, and IRF4). There was no evidence of trisomies of chromosomes 3 or 18. In summary, EBV-positive MALT lymphomas are rare and, like other MALT lymphomas, are usually genetically non-complex. Conversely, while EBV-negative MALT lymphomas typically show mutational abnormalities in the NF-κB pathway, other than the 1 TNFAIP3-mutated case, no other NF-κB pathway mutations were identified in the EBV-positive cases. EBV-positive MALT lymphomas often have either mutations or copy number abnormalities in IRF family or interacting genes, suggesting that this pathway may play a role in these lymphomas.
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Di Rocco A, Petrucci L, Assanto GM, Martelli M, Pulsoni A. Extranodal Marginal Zone Lymphoma: Pathogenesis, Diagnosis and Treatment. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14071742. [PMID: 35406516 PMCID: PMC8997163 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14071742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Extranodal marginal zone lymphoma (EMZL) is an indolent lymphoproliferative disease morphologically composed of small heterogeneous B lymphocytes. It generally occurs with a localized stage and can arise in various organs, the most frequent being the stomach, lung, and ocular adnexa. Depending on the presentation and the possible association with infectious agents, different therapeutic approaches are to be undertaken. The purpose of this review is to describe the biology underlying this pathology, the diagnostic, and therapeutic approach. Abstract Extranodal Marginal Zone Lymphoma (EMZL lymphoma) is an indolent B-cell lymphoma with a median age at diagnosis of about 60 years. It accounts for 7–8% of all B-cell lymphomas. It can occur in various extranodal sites, including stomach, lung, ocular adnexa, and skin; furthermore, the disseminated disease can be found in 25–50% of cases. Several infectious agents, such as Helicobacter pylori (H. Pylori) in the case of gastric Mucosa Associated Lymphoid Tissue (MALT) Lymphoma, can drive the pathogenesis of this cancer, through the autoantigenic stimulation of T cells, but there may also be other factors participating such autoimmune diseases. Initial staging should include total body computed tomography, bone marrow aspirate, and endoscopic investigation if indicated. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), should be performed to detect the presence of specific chromosomal translocations involving the MALT1 and BCL10 genes, which leads to the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway. Depending on the location and dissemination of the disease, different therapeutic choices may include targeted therapy against the etiopathogenetic agent, radiotherapy, immunochemotherapy, and biological drugs. The purpose of this review is to illustrate the complex biology and the diagnosis of this disease and to better define new treatment strategies.
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Zhao A, Wu F, Wang Y, Li J, Xu W, Liu H. Analysis of Genetic Alterations in Ocular Adnexal Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma With Whole-Exome Sequencing. Front Oncol 2022; 12:817635. [PMID: 35359413 PMCID: PMC8962736 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.817635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Next-generation sequencing studies on ocular adnexal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (OAML) have to date revealed several targets of genetic aberrations. However, most of our current understanding of the pathogenesis and prognosis of OAML is primarily based on studies conducted in populations from Europe and the US. Furthermore, the majority were based on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue, which generally has poor integrity and creates many sequencing artifacts. To better investigate the coding genome landscapes of OAML, especially in the Chinese population, we performed whole-exome sequencing of 21 OAML cases with fresh frozen tumor tissue and matched peripheral blood samples. IGLL5, as a novel recurrently mutated gene, was found in 24% (5/21) of patients, with a higher relapse rate (P=0.032). In addition, mutations of MSH6, DIS3, FAT1, and TMEM127 were found in 10% of cases. These novel somatic mutations indicate the existence of additional/alternative lymphomagenesis pathways in OAML. Moreover, the difference between our and previous studies suggests genetic heterogeneity of OAML between Asian and Western individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andi Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fangtian Wu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Hematology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianyong Li
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Hematology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Hu Liu, ; Wei Xu, ; Jianyong Li,
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Hematology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Hu Liu, ; Wei Xu, ; Jianyong Li,
| | - Hu Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Hu Liu, ; Wei Xu, ; Jianyong Li,
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Guo D, Hong L, Ji H, Jiang Y, Lu L, Wang X, Huang H. The Mutation of BTG2 Gene Predicts a Poor Outcome in Primary Testicular Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:1757-1769. [PMID: 35300216 PMCID: PMC8923029 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s341355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Methods Results Conclusion
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Guo
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lemin Hong
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Ji
- Department of Urology, Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Nantong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuwen Jiang
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ling Lu
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinfeng Wang
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Xinfeng Wang; Hongming Huang, Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, No. 20, Xisi Street, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China, Email ;
| | - Hongming Huang
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
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11
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The Biology of Ocular Adnexal Marginal Zone Lymphomas. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14051264. [PMID: 35267569 PMCID: PMC8908984 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14051264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This review focuses on the biology of ocular adnexal marginal zone B-cell lymphomas of the mucosa-associated lymphatic tissue (MALT) (OAMZL) subtype. The ocular adnexa includes all structures and tissues within the orbit except for the eye bulb. In the region of the ocular adnexa, MALT lymphomas represent the most common subtype of lymphoma, accounting for around 8% of all non-Hodgkin lymphomas. These lymphomas are often preceded by inflammatory precursor lesions. Either autoantigens or infectious antigens may lead to disease development by functioning as continuous antigenic triggers. This triggering leads to a constitutive activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway. The role of antigenic stimulation in the pathogenesis of OAMZL is supported by the detection of somatic mutations (partially with further intraclonal diversity) in their rearranged immunoglobulin V genes; hence, their derivation from germinal-center-experienced B cells, by a restricted IGHV gene usage, and the validation of autoreactivity of the antibodies in selected cases. In the established lymphomas, NF-κB activity is further enforced by mutations in various genes regulating NF-κB activity (e.g., TNFAIP3, MYD88), as well as recurrent chromosomal translocations affecting NF-κB pathway components in a subset of cases. Further pathogenetic mechanisms include mutations in genes of the NOTCH pathway, and of epigenetic regulators. While gene expression and sequencing studies are available, the role of differential methylation of lymphoma cells, the role of micro-RNAs, and the contribution of the microenvironment remain largely unexplored.
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12
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Recent Advances in the Genetic of MALT Lymphomas. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 14:cancers14010176. [PMID: 35008340 PMCID: PMC8750177 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14010176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma is the most common subtype of marginal zone lymphomas. These B-cell neoplasms may arise from many organs and usually have an indolent behavior. Recurrent chromosomal translocations and cytogenetic alterations are well characterized, some of them being associated to specific sites. Through next-generation sequencing technologies, the mutational landscape of MALT lymphomas has been explored and available data to date show that there are considerable variations in the incidence and spectrum of mutations among MALT lymphoma of different sites. Interestingly, most of these mutations affect several common pathways and some of them are potentially targetable. Gene expression profile and epigenetic studies have also added new information, potentially useful for diagnosis and treatment. This article provides a comprehensive review of the genetic landscape in MALT lymphomas. Abstract Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphomas are a diverse group of lymphoid neoplasms with B-cell origin, occurring in adult patients and usually having an indolent clinical behavior. These lymphomas may arise in different anatomic locations, sharing many clinicopathological characteristics, but also having substantial variances in the aetiology and genetic alterations. Chromosomal translocations are recurrent in MALT lymphomas with different prevalence among different sites, being the 4 most common: t(11;18)(q21;q21), t(1;14)(p22;q32), t(14;18)(q32;q21), and t(3;14)(p14.1;q32). Several chromosomal numerical abnormalities have also been described, but probably represent secondary genetic events. The mutational landscape of MALT lymphomas is wide, and the most frequent mutations are: TNFAIP3, CREBBP, KMT2C, TET2, SPEN, KMT2D, LRP1B, PRDM1, EP300, TNFRSF14, NOTCH1/NOTCH2, and B2M, but many other genes may be involved. Similar to chromosomal translocations, certain mutations are enriched in specific lymphoma types. In the same line, variation in immunoglobulin gene usage is recognized among MALT lymphoma of different anatomic locations. In the last decade, several studies have analyzed the role of microRNA, transcriptomics and epigenetic alterations, further improving our knowledge about the pathogenic mechanisms in MALT lymphoma development. All these advances open the possibility of targeted directed treatment and push forward the concept of precision medicine in MALT lymphomas.
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Wang X, Miao Y, Cao Z, Zheng S, Xue X, Feng X. Characterization of molecular genetics and clinicopathology in thymic MALT lymphoma. Ann Hematol 2021; 101:91-97. [PMID: 34605949 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-021-04671-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma is a type of low-grade malignant B-cell lymphoma. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinicopathological characteristics of thymic MALT lymphoma. We analyzed the clinical, morphological, immunophenotypical, cytogenetic, and molecular characteristics of 11 cases of thymic MALT lymphoma. The relevant literature was also reviewed. The median age of the 11 patients was 50 (range: 33-60). There was a female predominance with a female-to-male ratio of 10:1. Three patients presented with Sjögren syndrome, autoimmune thrombocytopenia purpura, and type B1 thymoma, respectively. Microscopically, thymic MALT lymphoma was characterized by epithelium-lined cysts that were surrounded by small lymphocytes, centrocyte-like cells, and monocytoid B-cells. Plasmacytic differentiation was observed in two cases. The tumor cells expressed CD20, CD79α, and BCL2. Clonal immunoglobulin genes were detected in all 8 examined cases. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for 18q21 was performed in 7 cases, and no translocations involving 18q21 were found. Targeted gene sequencing was performed in five cases with available DNA samples, and TNFAIP3, CARD11, IGLL5, and CCND3 mutations were identified. Thymic MALT lymphoma is a rare type of B cell malignancy with a female predominance and excellent clinical outcomes. Molecular aberrations involving the NF-κB pathway are frequent in thymic MALT lymphoma, suggesting that dysregulation of the NF-κB pathway is an important mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of thymic MALT lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Wang
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 17 Panjiayuan Nan Li, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Yi Miao
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Zheng Cao
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 17 Panjiayuan Nan Li, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Shan Zheng
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 17 Panjiayuan Nan Li, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Xuemin Xue
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 17 Panjiayuan Nan Li, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Xiaoli Feng
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 17 Panjiayuan Nan Li, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100021, China.
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14
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Magistri M, Happ LE, Ramdial J, Lu X, Stathias V, Kunkalla K, Agarwal N, Jiang X, Schürer SC, Dubovy SR, Chapman JR, Vega F, Dave S, Lossos IS. The Genetic Landscape of Ocular Adnexa MALT Lymphoma Reveals Frequent Aberrations in NFAT and MEF2B Signaling Pathways. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2021; 1:1-16. [PMID: 35528192 PMCID: PMC9075502 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-21-0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A comprehensive constellation of somatic non-silent mutations and copy number (CN) variations in ocular adnexa marginal zone lymphoma (OAMZL) is unknown. By utilizing whole-exome sequencing in 69 tumors we define the genetic landscape of OAMZL. Mutations and CN changes in CABIN1 (30%), RHOA (26%), TBL1XR1 (22%), and CREBBP (17%) and inactivation of TNFAIP3 (26%) were among the most common aberrations. Candidate cancer driver genes cluster in the B-cell receptor (BCR), NFkB, NOTCH and NFAT signaling pathways. One of the most commonly altered genes is CABIN1, a calcineurin inhibitor acting as a negative regulator of the NFAT and MEF2B transcriptional activity. CABIN1 deletions enhance BCR-stimulated NFAT and MEF2B transcriptional activity, while CABIN1 mutations enhance only MEF2B transcriptional activity by impairing binding of mSin3a to CABIN1. Our data provide an unbiased identification of genetically altered genes that may play a role in the molecular pathogenesis of OAMZL and serve as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Magistri
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Lanie E. Happ
- Center for Genomic and Computational Biology and Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Jeremy Ramdial
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - XiaoQing Lu
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Vasileios Stathias
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
- Center for Computational Science, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Kranthi Kunkalla
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Nitin Agarwal
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Xiaoyu Jiang
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Stephan C. Schürer
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
- Center for Computational Science, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Sander R. Dubovy
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Jennifer R. Chapman
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Francisco Vega
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Sandeep Dave
- Center for Genomic and Computational Biology and Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Izidore S. Lossos
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
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15
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Mutational landscape of marginal zone B-cell lymphomas of various origin: organotypic alterations and diagnostic potential for assignment of organ origin. Virchows Arch 2021; 480:403-413. [PMID: 34494161 PMCID: PMC8986713 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-021-03186-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This meta-analysis aims to concisely summarize the genetic landscape of splenic, nodal and extranodal marginal zone lymphomas (MZL) in the dura mater, salivary glands, thyroid, ocular adnexa, lung, stomach and skin with respect to somatic variants. A systematic PubMed search for sequencing studies of MZL was executed. All somatic mutations of the organs mentioned above were combined, uniformly annotated, and a dataset containing 25 publications comprising 6016 variants from 1663 patients was created. In splenic MZL, KLF2 (18%, 103/567) and NOTCH2 (16%, 118/725) were the most frequently mutated genes. Pulmonary and nodal MZL displayed recurrent mutations in chromatin-modifier-encoding genes, especially KMT2D (25%, 13/51, and 20%, 20/98, respectively). In contrast, ocular adnexal, gastric, and dura mater MZL had mutations in genes encoding for NF-κB pathway compounds, in particular TNFAIP3, with 39% (113/293), 15% (8/55), and 45% (5/11), respectively. Cutaneous MZL frequently had FAS mutations (63%, 24/38), while MZL of the thyroid had a higher prevalence for TET2 variants (61%, 11/18). Finally, TBL1XR1 (24%, 14/58) was the most commonly mutated gene in MZL of the salivary glands. Mutations of distinct genes show origin-preferential distribution among nodal and splenic MZL as well as extranodal MZL at/from different anatomic locations. Recognition of such mutational distribution patterns may help assigning MZL origin in difficult cases and possibly pave the way for novel more tailored treatment concepts.
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Thyroid MALT lymphoma: self-harm to gain potential T-cell help. Leukemia 2021; 35:3497-3508. [PMID: 34021249 PMCID: PMC8632687 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-021-01289-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The development of extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) is driven by chronic inflammatory responses and acquired genetic changes. To investigate its genetic bases, we performed targeted sequencing of 93 genes in 131 MALT lymphomas including 76 from the thyroid. We found frequent deleterious mutations of TET2 (86%), CD274 (53%), TNFRSF14 (53%), and TNFAIP3 (30%) in thyroid MALT lymphoma. CD274 was also frequently deleted, together with mutation seen in 68% of cases. There was a significant association between CD274 mutation/deletion and TNFRSF14 mutation (p = 0.001). CD274 (PD-L1) and TNFRSF14 are ligands for the co-inhibitory receptor PD1 and BTLA on T-helper cells, respectively, their inactivation may free T-cell activities, promoting their help to malignant B-cells. In support of this, both the proportion of activated T-cells (CD4+CD69+/CD4+) within the proximity of malignant B-cells, and the level of transformed blasts were significantly higher in cases with CD274/TNFRSF14 genetic abnormalities than those without these changes. Both CD274 and TNFRSF14 genetic changes were significantly associated with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (p = 0.01, p = 0.04, respectively), and CD274 mutation/deletion additionally associated with increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate (p = 0.0001). In conclusion, CD274/TNFRSF14 inactivation in thyroid MALT lymphoma B-cells may deregulate their interaction with T-cells, promoting co-stimulations and impairing peripheral tolerance.
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Durable ibrutinib responses in relapsed/refractory marginal zone lymphoma: long-term follow-up and biomarker analysis. Blood Adv 2021; 4:5773-5784. [PMID: 33227125 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2020003121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) is an incurable B-cell malignancy dependent on B-cell receptor signaling. The phase 2 PCYC-1121 study demonstrated the safety and efficacy of single-agent ibrutinib 560 mg/d in 63 patients with relapsed/refractory MZL treated with prior rituximab (RTX) or rituximab-based chemoimmunotherapy (RTX-CIT). We report the final analysis of PCYC-1121 with median follow-up of 33.1 months (range: 1.4-44.6). Overall response rate (ORR) was 58%; median duration of response (DOR) was 27.6 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 12.1 to not estimable [NE]); median progression-free survival (PFS) was 15.7 months (95% CI: 12.2-30.4); and median overall survival (OS) was not reached (95% CI: NE to NE). Patients with prior RTX treatment had better outcomes (ORR: 81%; median DOR: not reached [95% CI: 12.2 to NE]; median PFS: 30.4 months [95% CI: 22.1 to NE]; median OS: not reached [95% CI: 30.3 to NE]) vs those with prior RTX-CIT treatment (ORR: 51%; DOR: 12.4 months [95% CI: 2.8 to NE]; PFS: 13.8 months [95% CI: 8.3-22.5]; OS: not reached [95% CI: NE to NE]). ORRs were 63%, 47%, and 62% for extranodal, nodal, and splenic subtypes, respectively. With up to 45 months of ibrutinib treatment, the safety profile remained consistent with prior reports. The most common grade ≥3 event was anemia (16%). Exploratory biomarker analysis showed NF-κB pathway gene mutations correlated with outcomes. Final analysis of PCYC-1121 demonstrated long-term safety and efficacy of ibrutinib in patients with relapsed/refractory MZL, regardless of prior treatment or MZL subtype. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT01980628.
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Davis AR, Stone SL, Oran AR, Sussman RT, Bhattacharyya S, Morrissette JJD, Bagg A. Targeted massively parallel sequencing of mature lymphoid neoplasms: assessment of empirical application and diagnostic utility in routine clinical practice. Mod Pathol 2021; 34:904-921. [PMID: 33311649 DOI: 10.1038/s41379-020-00720-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Massively parallel sequencing (MPS) has become a viable diagnostic tool to interrogate genetic profiles of numerous tumors but has yet to be routinely adopted in the setting of lymphoma. Here, we report the empirical application of a targeted 40-gene panel developed for use in mature lymphoid neoplasms (MLNs) and report our experience on over 500 cases submitted for MPS during the first year of its clinical use. MPS was applied to both fresh and fixed specimens. The most frequent diagnoses were diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (116), chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (60), marginal zone lymphoma (52), and follicular lymphoma (43), followed by a spectrum of mature T-cell neoplasms (40). Of 534 cases submitted, 471 generated reportable results in MLNs, with disease-associated variants (DAVs) detected in 241 cases (51.2%). The most frequent DAVs affected TP53 (30%), CREBBP (14%), MYD88 (14%), TNFRSF14 (10%), TNFAIP3 (10%), B2M (7%), and NOTCH2 (7%). The bulk of our findings confirm what is reported in the scientific literature. While a substantial majority of mutations did not directly impact diagnosis, MPS results were utilized to either change, refine, or facilitate the final diagnosis in ~10.8% of cases with DAVs and 5.5% of cases overall. In addition, we identified preanalytic variables that significantly affect assay performance highlighting items for specimen triage. We demonstrate the technical viability and utility of the judicious use of a targeted MPS panel that may help to establish general guidelines for specimen selection and diagnostic application in MLNs in routine clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam R Davis
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania and Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sara L Stone
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania and Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Amanda R Oran
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania and Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Robyn T Sussman
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania and Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Siddharth Bhattacharyya
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania and Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jennifer J D Morrissette
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania and Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Adam Bagg
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania and Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Giaimo BD, Robert-Finestra T, Oswald F, Gribnau J, Borggrefe T. Chromatin Regulator SPEN/SHARP in X Inactivation and Disease. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13071665. [PMID: 33916248 PMCID: PMC8036811 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13071665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Carcinogenesis is a multistep process involving not only the activation of oncogenes and disabling tumor suppressor genes, but also epigenetic modulation of gene expression. X chromosome inactivation (XCI) is a paradigm to study heterochromatin formation and maintenance. The double dosage of X chromosomal genes in female mammals is incompatible with early development. XCI is an excellent model system for understanding the establishment of facultative heterochromatin initiated by the expression of a 17,000 nt long non-coding RNA, known as Xinactivespecifictranscript (Xist), on the X chromosome. This review focuses on the molecular mechanisms of how epigenetic modulators act in a step-wise manner to establish facultative heterochromatin, and we put these in the context of cancer biology and disease. An in depth understanding of XCI will allow a better characterization of particular types of cancer and hopefully facilitate the development of novel epigenetic therapies. Abstract Enzymes, such as histone methyltransferases and demethylases, histone acetyltransferases and deacetylases, and DNA methyltransferases are known as epigenetic modifiers that are often implicated in tumorigenesis and disease. One of the best-studied chromatin-based mechanism is X chromosome inactivation (XCI), a process that establishes facultative heterochromatin on only one X chromosome in females and establishes the right dosage of gene expression. The specificity factor for this process is the long non-coding RNA Xinactivespecifictranscript (Xist), which is upregulated from one X chromosome in female cells. Subsequently, Xist is bound by the corepressor SHARP/SPEN, recruiting and/or activating histone deacetylases (HDACs), leading to the loss of active chromatin marks such as H3K27ac. In addition, polycomb complexes PRC1 and PRC2 establish wide-spread accumulation of H3K27me3 and H2AK119ub1 chromatin marks. The lack of active marks and establishment of repressive marks set the stage for DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) to stably silence the X chromosome. Here, we will review the recent advances in understanding the molecular mechanisms of how heterochromatin formation is established and put this into the context of carcinogenesis and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedetto Daniele Giaimo
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Giessen, Friedrichstrasse 24, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Correspondence: (B.D.G.); (T.B.); Tel.: +49-641-9947-400 (T.B.)
| | - Teresa Robert-Finestra
- Department of Developmental Biology, Erasmus MC, Oncode Institute, Wytemaweg 80, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (T.R.-F.); (J.G.)
| | - Franz Oswald
- Center for Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Medical Center Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081 Ulm, Germany;
| | - Joost Gribnau
- Department of Developmental Biology, Erasmus MC, Oncode Institute, Wytemaweg 80, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (T.R.-F.); (J.G.)
| | - Tilman Borggrefe
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Giessen, Friedrichstrasse 24, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Correspondence: (B.D.G.); (T.B.); Tel.: +49-641-9947-400 (T.B.)
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20
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Liu R, Wang J, Wang N, Li J, Ge X, Zhang J, Ma J. Clinical Features and Prognoses of IgG4-Positive and IgG4-Negative Lacrimal Lymphomas. Front Oncol 2021; 11:622847. [PMID: 33763358 PMCID: PMC7982601 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.622847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The clinical characteristics and prognoses of immunoglobulin G4-positive (IgG4+) and IgG4-negative (IgG4−) lacrimal lymphomas were comparatively analyzed to screen for clinical indicators with differential diagnostic significance. Methods: This was a retrospective and single-center clinical study. From June 2011 to June 2018, clinical data of 39 patients with lacrimal lymphoma, diagnosed by histopathology were collected from the Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University. Results: According to inclusion and exclusion criteria, 30 (76.9%) were in the IgG4− group and 9 (23.1%) were in the IgG4+ group. In the IgG4+ group, the sex ratio of male to female was 2:1 and the mean age was 56.67 ± 13.29 years old. In the IgG4− group, the sex ratio of male to female was 3.29:1 and the mean age was 61.47 ± 12.87 years old. Statistical analysis of the clinical indicators showed significant differences between the two groups in affected eye, preoperative history of glucocorticoids, ocular nerve thickening, the expression of serum IgG4 and prognosis (P < 0.05). There was no significant statistical difference in laboratory indicators between the two groups, including C3, C4, RF, ASO, CRP, IgA, IgM, IgG, IgG1, IgG2, and IgG3 (P > 0.05). The event-free cumulative percentages at 3 and 5 years for the 39 lacrimal lymphomas were 81.1 and 62.4%, respectively, with recurrence and death as end events. In 34 lacrimal gland MALT lymphoma cases, the event-free cumulative percentages at 3 and 5 years were 84.4 and 69.1%, respectively. In the IgG4+ and IgG4− groups, the event-free cumulative percentages at 3 years were 75.0 and 87.7%, respectively. The event-free cumulative percentage at 5 years was 62.6% in the IgG4-group and insignificant in the IgG4+ group. There was no statistical difference in event-free cumulative percentage between the two groups (P = 0.983). Conclusion: The pathogenesis and disease characteristics of IgG4-positive lacrimal lymphoma may differ from IgG4-negative lacrimal lymphoma, but the positive expression of IgG4 may not have significant influence on the recurrence of lacrimal lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Liu
- Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinjin Wang
- Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Li
- Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Ge
- Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jingxue Zhang
- Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianmin Ma
- Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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21
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Vela V, Juskevicius D, Prince SS, Cathomas G, Dertinger S, Diebold J, Bubendorf L, Horcic M, Singer G, Zettl A, Dirnhofer S, Tzankov A, Menter T. Deciphering the genetic landscape of pulmonary lymphomas. Mod Pathol 2021; 34:371-379. [PMID: 32855441 DOI: 10.1038/s41379-020-00660-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary lymphoid malignancies comprise various entities, 80% of them are pulmonary marginal zone B-cell lymphomas (PMZL). So far, little is known about point mutations in primary pulmonary lymphomas. We characterized the genetic landscape of primary pulmonary lymphomas using a customized high-throughput sequencing gene panel covering 146 genes. Our cohort consisted of 28 PMZL, 14 primary diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCL) of the lung, 7 lymphomatoid granulomatoses (LyG), 5 mature small B-cell lymphomas and 16 cases of reactive lymphoid lesions. Mutations were detected in 22/28 evaluable PMZL (median 2 mutation/case); 14/14 DLBCL (median 3 mutations/case) and 4/7 LyG (1 mutation/case). PMZL showed higher prevalence for mutations in chromatin modifier-encoding genes (44% of mutant genes), while mutations in genes related to the NF-κB pathway were less common (24% of observed mutations). There was little overlap between mutations in PMZL and DLBCL. MALT1 rearrangements were more prevalent in PMZL than BCL10 aberrations, and both were absent in DLBCL. LyG were devoid of gene mutations associated with immune escape. The mutational landscape of PMZL differs from that of extranodal MZL of other locations and also from splenic MZL. Their landscape resembles more that of nodal MZL, which also show a predominance of mutations of chromatin modifiers. The different mutational composition of pulmonary DLBCL compared to PMZL suggests that the former probably do not present transformations. DLBCL bear more mutations/case and immune escape gene mutations compared to LyG, suggesting that EBV infection in LyG may substitute for mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Visar Vela
- Pathology, Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Darius Juskevicius
- Pathology, Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Spasenija Savic Prince
- Pathology, Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gieri Cathomas
- Institute of Pathology, Cantonal Hospital Baselland, Liestal, Switzerland
| | | | - Joachim Diebold
- Institute of Pathology, Cantonal Hospital Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - Lukas Bubendorf
- Pathology, Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Milo Horcic
- Institute for Histologic und Cytologic Diagnostics AG, Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Gad Singer
- Institute of Pathology, Cantonal Hospital Baden, Baden, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Zettl
- Institute of Pathology, Viollier AG, Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Dirnhofer
- Pathology, Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alexandar Tzankov
- Pathology, Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Thomas Menter
- Pathology, Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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22
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Razani B, Malynn BA, Ma A. Preserving immune homeostasis with A20. Adv Immunol 2020; 148:1-48. [PMID: 33190732 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ai.2020.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
A20/TNFAIP3 is a TNF induced gene that plays a profound role in preserving cellular and organismal homeostasis (Lee, et al., 2000; Opipari etal., 1990). This protein has been linked to multiple human diseases via genetic, epigenetic, and an emerging series of patients with mono-allelic coding mutations. Diverse cellular functions of this pleiotropically expressed protein include immune-suppressive, anti-inflammatory, and cell protective functions. The A20 protein regulates ubiquitin dependent cell signals; however, the biochemical mechanisms by which it performs these functions is surprisingly complex. Deciphering these cellular and biochemical facets of A20 dependent biology should greatly improve our understanding of murine and human disease pathophysiology as well as unveil new mechanisms of cell and tissue biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahram Razani
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Barbara A Malynn
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Averil Ma
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.
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23
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Ocular adnexal lymphoma: long-term outcome, patterns of failure and prognostic factors in 174 patients. J Hematop 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12308-020-00424-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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24
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Emerging evidence has shown that epigenetic derangements might drive and promote tumorigenesis in various types of malignancies and is prevalent in both B cell and T cell lymphomas. The purpose of this review is to explain how the epigenetic derangements result in a chromatin-remodeled state in lymphoma and contribute to the biology and clinical features of these tumors. RECENT FINDINGS Studies have explored on the functional role of epigenetic derangements in chromatin remodeling and lymphomagenesis. For example, the haploinsufficiency of CREBBP facilitates malignant transformation in mice and directly implicates the importance to re-establish the physiologic acetylation level. New findings identified 4 prominent DLBCL subtypes, including EZB-GC-DLBCL subtype that enriched in mutations of CREBBP, EP300, KMT2D, and SWI/SNF complex genes. EZB subtype has a worse prognosis than other GCB-tumors. Moreover, the action of the histone modifiers as well as chromatin-remodeling factors (e.g., SWI/SNF complex) cooperates to influence the chromatin state resulting in transcription repression. Drugs that alter the epigenetic landscape have been approved in T cell lymphoma. In line with this finding, epigenetic lesions in histone modifiers have recently been uncovered in this disease, further confirming the vulnerability to the therapies targeting epigenetic derangements. Modulating the chromatin state by epigenetic-modifying agents provides precision-medicine opportunities to patients with lymphomas that depend on this biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Liu
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - Yulissa Gonzalez
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - Jennifer E Amengual
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, USA.
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25
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26
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Koh J, Jang I, Choi S, Kim S, Jang I, Ahn HK, Lee C, Paik JH, Kim CW, Lim MS, Kim K, Jeon YK. Discovery of Novel Recurrent Mutations and Clinically Meaningful Subgroups in Nodal Marginal Zone Lymphoma. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12061669. [PMID: 32585984 PMCID: PMC7352856 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Nodal marginal zone lymphoma (NMZL) is a rare B-cell neoplasm, the genetic and transcriptomic landscape of which are unclear. Using high-throughput sequencing for whole-exome and transcriptome, we investigated the genetic characteristics of NMZL in a discovery cohort (n = 8) and validated their features in an extended cohort (n = 30). Novel mutations in NFKBIE and ITPR2 were found in 7.9% (3/38) and 13.9% (5/36), respectively, suggesting roles for the NF-κB pathway and B-cell-receptor-mediated calcium signaling pathway in the pathogenesis of NMZL. RNA-seq showed that NMZLs were characterized by an aberrant marginal zone differentiation, associated with an altered IRF4-NOTCH2 axis and the enrichment of various oncogenic pathways. Based on gene expression profile, two subgroups were identified. Compared with subgroup 1, subgroup 2 showed the following: the significant enrichment of cell cycle-associated and MYC-signaling pathways, a more diverse repertoire of upstream regulators, and higher Ki-67 proliferation indices. We designated two subgroups according to Ki-67 labeling, and subgroup 2 was significantly associated with a shorter progression-free survival (p = 0.014), a greater proportion of large cells (p = 0.009), and higher MYC expression (p = 0.026). We suggest that NMZL has unique features and, in this study, we provide information as to the heterogeneity of this enigmatic entity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwon Koh
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea; (J.K.); (S.K.); (C.L.); (C.W.K.)
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea;
| | - Insoon Jang
- Division of Clinical Bioinformatics, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea; (I.J.); (S.C.)
| | - Seongmin Choi
- Division of Clinical Bioinformatics, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea; (I.J.); (S.C.)
- Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Sehui Kim
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea; (J.K.); (S.K.); (C.L.); (C.W.K.)
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea;
| | - Ingeon Jang
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea;
| | - Hyun Kyung Ahn
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea;
| | - Cheol Lee
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea; (J.K.); (S.K.); (C.L.); (C.W.K.)
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea;
| | - Jin Ho Paik
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si 46371, Korea;
| | - Chul Woo Kim
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea; (J.K.); (S.K.); (C.L.); (C.W.K.)
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea;
| | - Megan S. Lim
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
| | - Kwangsoo Kim
- Division of Clinical Bioinformatics, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea; (I.J.); (S.C.)
- Correspondence: (K.K.); (Y.K.J.)
| | - Yoon Kyung Jeon
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea; (J.K.); (S.K.); (C.L.); (C.W.K.)
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea;
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea;
- Correspondence: (K.K.); (Y.K.J.)
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27
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Jangam D, Sridhar K, Butzmann A, Samghabadi P, Plowey ED, Ohgami RS. TBL1XR1 Mutations in Primary Marginal Zone Lymphomas of Ocular Adnexa are Associated with Unique Morphometric Phenotypes. Curr Eye Res 2020; 45:1583-1589. [PMID: 32339039 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2020.1762228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma (EMZL) of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) that affects the ocular adnexa, also known as ocular adnexal MALT lymphomas (OAML), are low-grade lymphomas that mostly affect elderly individuals. This study was conducted to explore the genetic and microbial drivers of OMAL, and unique morphometric phenotypes associated with these mutations and infections. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, we performed targeted deep sequencing of 8 OAML cases to identify its potential genetic and microbial drivers. We additionally performed computational digital image analysis of cases to determine if morphologic features corresponded to genetic mutations and disease biology. RESULTS We identified TBL1XR1 as recurrently mutated in OAML (4/8), and mutations in several other oncogenes, tumor suppressors, transcription regulators, and chromatin remodeling genes. Morphologically, OAML cases with mutations in TBL1XR1 showed lymphoma cells with significantly lower circularity and solidity by computational digital image analysis (p-value <0.0001). Additionally, cases of OAML with mutations in TBL1XR1 showed equivalent or increased vascular density compared to cases without mutations in TBL1XR1. Finally, we did not find any infectious microbial organisms associated with OAML. CONCLUSIONS Our study showed recurrent mutations in TBL1XR1 are associated with unique morphometric phenotypes in OMAL cases. Additionally, mutations in genes associated with the methylation status of histone 3, nuclear factor (NF)-κB pathway, and NOTCH pathway were enriched in OMAL cases. Our findings have biologic and clinical implications as mutations in TBL1XR1 and other genes have the potential to be used as markers for the diagnosis of OAML, and also demonstrate a specific biologic phenotypic manifestation of TBL1XR1 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diwash Jangam
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University , Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kaushik Sridhar
- Department of Pathology, University of California , San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Alexandra Butzmann
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University , Stanford, CA, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of California , San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Edward D Plowey
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University , Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Robert S Ohgami
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University , Stanford, CA, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of California , San Francisco, CA, USA
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28
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CREBBP and STAT6 co-mutation and 16p13 and 1p36 loss define the t(14;18)-negative diffuse variant of follicular lymphoma. Blood Cancer J 2020; 10:69. [PMID: 32555149 PMCID: PMC7299932 DOI: 10.1038/s41408-020-0335-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The diffuse variant of follicular lymphoma (dFL) is a rare variant of FL lacking t(14;18) that was first described in 2009. In this study, we use a comprehensive approach to define unifying pathologic and genetic features through gold-standard pathologic review, FISH, SNP-microarray, and next-generation sequencing of 16 cases of dFL. We found unique morphologic features, including interstitial sclerosis, microfollicle formation, and rounded nuclear cytology, confirmed absence of t(14;18) and recurrent deletion of 1p36, and showed a novel association with deletion/CN-LOH of 16p13 (inclusive of CREBBP, CIITA, and SOCS1). Mutational profiling demonstrated near-uniform mutations in CREBBP and STAT6, with clonal dominance of CREBBP, among other mutations typical of germinal-center B-cell lymphomas. Frequent CREBBP and CIITA codeletion/mutation suggested a mechanism for immune evasion, while subclonal STAT6 activating mutations with concurrent SOCS1 loss suggested a mechanism of BCL-xL/BCL2L1 upregulation in the absence of BCL2 rearrangements. A review of the literature showed significant enrichment for 16p13 and 1p36 loss/CN-LOH, STAT6 mutation, and CREBBP and STAT6 comutation in dFL, as compared with conventional FL. With this comprehensive approach, our study demonstrates confirmatory and novel genetic associations that can aid in the diagnosis and subclassification of this rare type of lymphoma.
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29
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Ednersson SB, Stern M, Fagman H, Nilsson-Ehle H, Hasselblom S, Andersson PO. TBLR1 and CREBBP as potential novel prognostic immunohistochemical biomarkers in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Leuk Lymphoma 2020; 61:2595-2604. [PMID: 32546039 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2020.1775216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have identified prognostic mutational clusters for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients, both within and outside the original cell-of-origin (COO) classification. For many of these mutations, there is limited information regarding the corresponding protein expression. With the aim to determine the relationship of protein expression and intensity to COO and prognosis, we used digital image analysis to quantitate immunohistochemical staining of CREBBP, IRF8, EZH2, and TBLR1 in 209 DLBCL patients. We found that patients with strong nuclear expression of TBLR1 had inferior progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in univariable analysis and inferior PFS in multivariable analysis. Patients with higher proportion of intermediate to strong nuclear CREBBP expression had a worse PFS and OS in univariable analysis. CREBBP was expressed with stronger intensity in non-GCB patients and the prognostic impact was restricted to this subgroup. These findings suggest that high nuclear protein expression of TBLR1 and CREBBP is negatively associated with prognosis in DLBCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Bram Ednersson
- Department of Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mimmie Stern
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology, South Älvsborg Hospital, Borås, Sweden.,Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Henrik Fagman
- Department of Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Herman Nilsson-Ehle
- Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Section of Hematology and Coagulation, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sverker Hasselblom
- Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Research, Development & Education, Region Halland, Halmstad, Sweden
| | - Per-Ola Andersson
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology, South Älvsborg Hospital, Borås, Sweden.,Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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30
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Johansson P, Klein-Hitpass L, Budeus B, Kuhn M, Lauber C, Seifert M, Roeder I, Pförtner R, Stuschke M, Dührsen U, Eckstein A, Dürig J, Küppers R. Identifying Genetic Lesions in Ocular Adnexal Extranodal Marginal Zone Lymphomas of the MALT Subtype by Whole Genome, Whole Exome and Targeted Sequencing. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12040986. [PMID: 32316399 PMCID: PMC7225979 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12040986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of ocular adnexal marginal zone lymphomas of mucosa-associated lymphatic tissue-type (OAML) is not fully understood. We performed whole genome sequencing (WGS) and/or whole exome sequencing (WES) for 13 cases of OAML and sequenced 38 genes selected from this analysis in a large cohort of 82 OAML. Besides confirmation of frequent mutations in the genes transducin beta like 1 X-linked receptor 1 (TBL1XR1) and cAMP response element binding protein (CREBBP), we newly identifed JAK3 as a frequently mutated gene in OAML (11% of cases). In our retrospective cohort, JAK3 mutant cases had a shorter progression-free survival compared with unmutated cases. Other newly identified genes recurrently mutated in 5-10% of cases included members of the collagen family (collagen type XII alpha 1/2 (COL12A1, COL1A2)) and DOCK8. Evaluation of the WGS data of six OAML did not reveal translocations or a current infection of the lymphoma cells by viruses. Evaluation of the WGS data for copy number aberrations confirmed frequent loss of TNFAIP3, and revealed recurrent gains of the NOTCH target HES4, and of members of the CEBP transcription factor family. Overall, we identified several novel genes recurrently affected by point mutations or copy number alterations, but our study also indicated that the landscape of frequently (>10% of cases) mutated protein-coding genes in OAML is now largely known.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Johansson
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (U.D.); (J.D.)
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (L.K.-H.); (B.B.); (R.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-201-723-85845
| | - Ludger Klein-Hitpass
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (L.K.-H.); (B.B.); (R.K.)
| | - Bettina Budeus
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (L.K.-H.); (B.B.); (R.K.)
| | - Matthias Kuhn
- Institute for Medical Informatics and Biometry, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (M.K.); (C.L.); (M.S.); (I.R.)
| | - Chris Lauber
- Institute for Medical Informatics and Biometry, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (M.K.); (C.L.); (M.S.); (I.R.)
| | - Michael Seifert
- Institute for Medical Informatics and Biometry, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (M.K.); (C.L.); (M.S.); (I.R.)
| | - Ingo Roeder
- Institute for Medical Informatics and Biometry, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (M.K.); (C.L.); (M.S.); (I.R.)
| | - Roman Pförtner
- Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Kliniken Essen-Mitte, Evang. Huyssens-Stiftung/Knappschaft GmbH, University Hospital of Essen, 45136 Essen, Germany;
| | - Martin Stuschke
- Department of Radiotherapy, University Hospital Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany;
| | - Ulrich Dührsen
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (U.D.); (J.D.)
| | - Anja Eckstein
- Department of Ophthalmology, Molecular Ophthalmology Group, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany;
| | - Jan Dürig
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (U.D.); (J.D.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Ralf Küppers
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (L.K.-H.); (B.B.); (R.K.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 45147 Essen, Germany
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31
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Jiménez C, Chan GG, Xu L, Tsakmaklis N, Kofides A, Demos MG, Chen J, Liu X, Munshi M, Yang G, Castillo JJ, Wiestner A, García-Sanz R, Treon SP, Hunter ZR. Genomic evolution of ibrutinib-resistant clones in Waldenström macroglobulinaemia. Br J Haematol 2020; 189:1165-1170. [PMID: 32103491 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.16463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Ibrutinib is highly active in Waldenström macroglobulinaemia (WM) patients, but disease progression can occur due to acquired mutations in BTK, the target of ibrutinib, or PLCG2, the protein downstream of BTK. However, not all resistant patients harbour these alterations. We have performed a whole-exome sequencing study to identify alternative molecular mechanisms that can drive ibrutinib resistance. Our findings include deletions on chromosomes 6q, including homozygous deletions, and 8p, which encompass key regulators of BTK, MYD88/NF-κB, and apoptotic signalling. Moreover, we have identified recurring mutations in ubiquitin ligases, innate immune signalling, and TLR/MYD88 pathway regulators in ibrutinib-resistant WM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Jiménez
- Bing Center for Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemia, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gloria G Chan
- Bing Center for Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemia, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lian Xu
- Bing Center for Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemia, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nickolas Tsakmaklis
- Bing Center for Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemia, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Amanda Kofides
- Bing Center for Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemia, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maria G Demos
- Bing Center for Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemia, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jiaji Chen
- Bing Center for Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemia, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xia Liu
- Bing Center for Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemia, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Manit Munshi
- Bing Center for Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemia, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Guang Yang
- Bing Center for Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemia, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jorge J Castillo
- Bing Center for Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemia, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Adrian Wiestner
- Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ramón García-Sanz
- Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Steven P Treon
- Bing Center for Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemia, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zachary R Hunter
- Bing Center for Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemia, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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32
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Vela V, Juskevicius D, Gerlach MM, Meyer P, Graber A, Cathomas G, Dirnhofer S, Tzankov A. High throughput sequencing reveals high specificity of TNFAIP3 mutations in ocular adnexal marginal zone B-cell lymphomas. Hematol Oncol 2020; 38:284-292. [PMID: 32012328 DOI: 10.1002/hon.2718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The majority of ocular adnexal (OA) lymphomas (OAL) are extranodal marginal zone lymphomas (MZL). First high throughput sequencing (HTS) studies on OA-MZL showed inconsistent results and the distribution of mutations in reactive lymphoid lesions of this anatomic region has not yet been sufficiently addressed. We characterized OAL and lymphoid lesions of the OA by targeted HTS. The study included 34 OA-MZL, 11 chronic conjunctivitis, five mature small cell B-cell lymphomas spreading to the OA, five diseases with increase of IgG4+ plasma cells, three Burkitt lymphomas (BL), three diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCL), three mantle cell lymphomas, three idiopathic orbital inflammations/orbital pseudo tumors (PT), and three OA lymphoid hyperplasia. All cases were negative for Chlamydia. The mutational number was highest in BL and lowest in PT. The most commonly (and exclusively) mutated gene in OA-MZL was TNFAIP3 (10 of 34 cases). Altogether, 20 out of 34 patients harbored mutually exclusive mutations of either TNFAIP3, BCL10, MYD88, ATM, BRAF, or NFKBIE, or nonexclusive mutations of IRF8, TNFRSF14, KLHL6, and TBL1XR1, all encoding for NK-κB pathway compounds or regulators. Thirteen patients (38%) had, to a great part, mutually exclusive mutations of chromatin modifier-encoding genes: KMT2D, CREBBP, BCL7A, DNMT3A, EP300, or HIST1H1E. Only four patients harbored co-occurring mutations of genes encoding for NK-κB compounds and chromatin modifiers. Finally, PTEN, KMT2D, PRDM1, and HIST1H2BK mutations were observable in reactive lymphoid lesions too, while such instances were devoid of NF-κB compound mutations and/or mutations of acetyltransferase-encoding genes. In conclusion, 80% of OA-MZL display mutations of either NK-κB compounds or chromatin modifiers. Lymphoid lesions of the OA bearing NF-κB compound mutations and/or mutations of acetyltransferase-encoding genes highly likely represent lymphomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Visar Vela
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Darius Juskevicius
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Magdalena M Gerlach
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Peter Meyer
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Eye Clinic, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Anne Graber
- Cantonal Institute of Pathology, Liestal, Switzerland
| | | | - Stefan Dirnhofer
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alexandar Tzankov
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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33
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Li R, Liang P, Yuan J, He F. Exosomal miR-103a-3p ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced immune response in BEAS-2B cells via NF-κB pathway by targeting transducin β-like 1X related protein 1. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2020; 47:620-627. [PMID: 31876003 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal immune response contributes to pathophysiology of pneumonia and is recognized as a main factor for high incidence rate in children. The association between exosomes and inflammation has been reported in diverse cell types and diseases. The current study focuses on exploring the effects of exosomal miR-103a-3p on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation, and investigates the underlying mechanisms. We proved that miR-103a-3p was lowly expressed in blood samples of pneumonia patients and LPS-induced lung cells, and overexpression of miR-103a-3p weaken the LPS-induced inflammation. Using luciferase reporter assay and immunoprecipitation assay, we demonstrated that miR-103a-3p directly binds to a specific region of transducin β-like 1X related protein 1 (TBL1XR1), mediating the NF-κB signalling pathway, thus regulating immune response. Taken together, our data revealed that miR-103a-3p functions as an anti-inflammatory gene in childhood pneumonia and can be applied as therapeutic targets for the treatment of childhood pneumonia in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruina Li
- The Third Department of Infectious Diseases, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Pengbo Liang
- Chinese and Western Medicine, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Juan Yuan
- The Second Department of Infectious Diseases, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Fangzhi He
- Outpatient of Infectious Diseases, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an, China
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34
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Shanmugam V, Kim AS. Lymphomas. Genomic Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-22922-1_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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35
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Insights into the genomic landscape of MYD88 wild-type Waldenström macroglobulinemia. Blood Adv 2019; 2:2937-2946. [PMID: 30401751 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2018022962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Activating MYD88 mutations are present in 95% of Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM) patients, and trigger NF-κB through BTK and IRAK. The BTK inhibitor ibrutinib is active in MYD88-mutated (MYD88 MUT ) WM patients, but shows lower activity in MYD88 wild-type (MYD88 WT ) disease. MYD88 WT patients also show shorter overall survival, and increased risk of disease transformation in some series. The genomic basis for these findings remains to be clarified. We performed whole exome and transcriptome sequencing of sorted tumor samples from 18 MYD88 WT patients and compared findings with WM patients with MYD88 MUT disease. We identified somatic mutations predicted to activate NF-κB (TBL1XR1, PTPN13, MALT1, BCL10, NFKB2, NFKBIB, NFKBIZ, and UDRL1F), impart epigenomic dysregulation (KMT2D, KMT2C, and KDM6A), or impair DNA damage repair (TP53, ATM, and TRRAP). Predicted NF-κB activating mutations were downstream of BTK and IRAK, and many overlapped with somatic mutations found in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. A distinctive transcriptional profile in MYD88 WT WM was identified, although most differentially expressed genes overlapped with MYD88 MUT WM consistent with the many clinical and morphological characteristics that are shared by these WM subgroups. Overall survival was adversely affected by mutations in DNA damage response in MYD88 WT WM patients. The findings depict genomic and transcriptional events associated with MYD88 WT WM and provide mechanistic insights for disease transformation, decreased ibrutinib activity, and novel drug approaches for this population.
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Cascione L, Rinaldi A, Bruscaggin A, Tarantelli C, Arribas AJ, Kwee I, Pecciarini L, Mensah AA, Spina V, Chung EYL, di Bergamo LT, Dirnhofer S, Tzankov A, Miranda RN, Young KH, Traverse-Glehen A, Gaidano G, Swerdlow SH, Gascoyne R, Rabadan R, Ponzoni M, Bhagat G, Rossi D, Zucca E, Bertoni F. Novel insights into the genetics and epigenetics of MALT lymphoma unveiled by next generation sequencing analyses. Haematologica 2019; 104:e558-e561. [PMID: 31018978 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2018.214957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Luciano Cascione
- Università della Svizzera italiana, Institute of Oncology Research, Bellinzona, Switzerland.,Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Rinaldi
- Università della Svizzera italiana, Institute of Oncology Research, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Alessio Bruscaggin
- Università della Svizzera italiana, Institute of Oncology Research, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Chiara Tarantelli
- Università della Svizzera italiana, Institute of Oncology Research, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Alberto J Arribas
- Università della Svizzera italiana, Institute of Oncology Research, Bellinzona, Switzerland.,Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ivo Kwee
- Università della Svizzera italiana, Institute of Oncology Research, Bellinzona, Switzerland.,Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Dalle Molle Institute for Artificial Intelligence (IDSIA), Manno, Switzerland
| | | | - Afua A Mensah
- Università della Svizzera italiana, Institute of Oncology Research, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Valeria Spina
- Università della Svizzera italiana, Institute of Oncology Research, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Elaine Y L Chung
- Università della Svizzera italiana, Institute of Oncology Research, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Lodovico Terzi di Bergamo
- Università della Svizzera italiana, Institute of Oncology Research, Bellinzona, Switzerland.,Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Dirnhofer
- Institute of Pathology and Medical Genetics, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alexandar Tzankov
- Institute of Pathology and Medical Genetics, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Roberto N Miranda
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ken H Young
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Gianluca Gaidano
- Division of Hematology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | | | | | - Raul Rabadan
- Department of Systems Biology, Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University College of Physicians & Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Govind Bhagat
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center and New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Davide Rossi
- Università della Svizzera italiana, Institute of Oncology Research, Bellinzona, Switzerland.,Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Emanuele Zucca
- Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Bertoni
- Università della Svizzera italiana, Institute of Oncology Research, Bellinzona, Switzerland
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37
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Haefliger S, Milowich D, Sciarra A, Trimeche M, Bouilly J, Kaiser J, Volpi S, Brouland JP, Sempoux C, de Leval L. Primary hepatic marginal B cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH): more than a coincidence? Ann Hematol 2018; 98:1513-1516. [PMID: 30488325 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-018-3565-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Haefliger
- Institute of Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Dina Milowich
- Institute of Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Amedeo Sciarra
- Institute of Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mounir Trimeche
- Institute of Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Justine Bouilly
- Institute of Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Julie Kaiser
- Department of Hematology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Stephanie Volpi
- Department of Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Christine Sempoux
- Institute of Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Laurence de Leval
- Institute of Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
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38
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Arruga F, Vaisitti T, Deaglio S. The NOTCH Pathway and Its Mutations in Mature B Cell Malignancies. Front Oncol 2018; 8:550. [PMID: 30534535 PMCID: PMC6275466 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The systematic application of next-generation sequencing to large cohorts of oncologic samples has opened a Pandora's box full of known and novel genetic lesions implicated in different steps of cancer development and progression. Narrowing down to B cell malignancies, many previously unrecognized genes emerged as recurrently mutated. The challenge now is to determine how the mutation in a given gene affects the biology of the disease, paving the way to functional genomics studies. Mutations in NOTCH family members are shared by several disorders of the B series, even if with variable frequencies and mutational patterns. In silico predictions, revealed that mutations occurring in NOTCH receptors, despite being qualitatively different, may have similar effects on protein processing, ultimately leading to enhanced pathway activation. The discovery of mutations occurring also in downstream players, either potentiating positive signals or compromising negative regulators, indicates that multiple mechanisms in neoplastic B cells concur to activate NOTCH pathway. These findings are supported by results obtained in chronic lymphocytic leukemia and splenic marginal zone B cell lymphoma where deregulation of NOTCH signaling has been functionally characterized. The emerging picture confirms that NOTCH signaling is finely tuned in cell- and microenvironment-dependent ways. In B cell malignancies, it contributes to the regulation of proliferation, survival and migration. However, deeper biological studies are needed to pinpoint the contribution of NOTCH in the hierarchy of events driving B cells transformation, keeping in mind its role in normal B cells development. Because of its relevance in leukemia and lymphoma biology, the NOTCH pathway might represent an appealing therapeutic target: the next few years will tell whether this potential will be fulfilled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Arruga
- Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine, Turin, Italy.,Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Tiziana Vaisitti
- Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine, Turin, Italy.,Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Silvia Deaglio
- Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine, Turin, Italy.,Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
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39
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Behdad A, Zhou XY, Gao J, Raparia K, Dittman D, Green SJ, Qi C, Betz B, Bryar P, Chen Q, Chen YH. High Frequency of MYD88 L265P Mutation in Primary Ocular Adnexal Marginal Zone Lymphoma and Its Clinicopathologic Correlation: A Study From a Single Institution. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2018; 143:483-493. [PMID: 30444439 DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2018-0092-oa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT.— The pathogenesis of primary ocular adnexal marginal zone lymphoma (POAMZL) remains unclear. The reported associations with Chlamydia psittaci infection and MYD88 mutations are highly variable. OBJECTIVE.— To examine MYD88 L265P mutation in ocular marginal zone lymphomas and correlate with clinicopathologic features and Chlamydia infection. DESIGN.— Presence of MYD88 L265P mutation and Chlamydia infection in lymphoma was analyzed by using sensitive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods. RESULTS.— The MYD88 L265P mutation was identified in 8 of 22 POAMZLs (36%), including 2 of 3 cases in which PCR failed to detect clonal IGH gene rearrangement; none of the 4 secondary marginal zone lymphomas were positive. Test results for Chlamydia were negative in all cases. Patients with and without the MYD88 mutation had similar clinicopathologic features. CONCLUSIONS.— The MYD88 mutational analysis provides important information in diagnostic workup of POAMZL. The frequent MYD88 mutation suggests a critical role of this aberration in the pathogenesis of POAMZL and may serve as a therapeutic target for patients with progressive disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Behdad
- From the Departments of Pathology (Drs Behdad, Gao, and Raparia; Mr Dittman; Drs Qi, Q Chen, and Y-H Chen) and Ophthalmology (Dr Bryar), Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan (Dr Zhou); Research Resources Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago (Dr Green); Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (Dr Betz). Dr Zhou is currently at the Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom-Palmer Eye Institute, Miami, Florida. Dr Raparia is currently at the Department of Pathology, Kaiser Permanente, Santa Clara, California
| | - Xiao Yi Zhou
- From the Departments of Pathology (Drs Behdad, Gao, and Raparia; Mr Dittman; Drs Qi, Q Chen, and Y-H Chen) and Ophthalmology (Dr Bryar), Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan (Dr Zhou); Research Resources Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago (Dr Green); Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (Dr Betz). Dr Zhou is currently at the Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom-Palmer Eye Institute, Miami, Florida. Dr Raparia is currently at the Department of Pathology, Kaiser Permanente, Santa Clara, California
| | - Juehua Gao
- From the Departments of Pathology (Drs Behdad, Gao, and Raparia; Mr Dittman; Drs Qi, Q Chen, and Y-H Chen) and Ophthalmology (Dr Bryar), Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan (Dr Zhou); Research Resources Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago (Dr Green); Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (Dr Betz). Dr Zhou is currently at the Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom-Palmer Eye Institute, Miami, Florida. Dr Raparia is currently at the Department of Pathology, Kaiser Permanente, Santa Clara, California
| | - Kirtee Raparia
- From the Departments of Pathology (Drs Behdad, Gao, and Raparia; Mr Dittman; Drs Qi, Q Chen, and Y-H Chen) and Ophthalmology (Dr Bryar), Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan (Dr Zhou); Research Resources Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago (Dr Green); Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (Dr Betz). Dr Zhou is currently at the Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom-Palmer Eye Institute, Miami, Florida. Dr Raparia is currently at the Department of Pathology, Kaiser Permanente, Santa Clara, California
| | - David Dittman
- From the Departments of Pathology (Drs Behdad, Gao, and Raparia; Mr Dittman; Drs Qi, Q Chen, and Y-H Chen) and Ophthalmology (Dr Bryar), Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan (Dr Zhou); Research Resources Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago (Dr Green); Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (Dr Betz). Dr Zhou is currently at the Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom-Palmer Eye Institute, Miami, Florida. Dr Raparia is currently at the Department of Pathology, Kaiser Permanente, Santa Clara, California
| | - Stefan J Green
- From the Departments of Pathology (Drs Behdad, Gao, and Raparia; Mr Dittman; Drs Qi, Q Chen, and Y-H Chen) and Ophthalmology (Dr Bryar), Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan (Dr Zhou); Research Resources Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago (Dr Green); Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (Dr Betz). Dr Zhou is currently at the Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom-Palmer Eye Institute, Miami, Florida. Dr Raparia is currently at the Department of Pathology, Kaiser Permanente, Santa Clara, California
| | - Chao Qi
- From the Departments of Pathology (Drs Behdad, Gao, and Raparia; Mr Dittman; Drs Qi, Q Chen, and Y-H Chen) and Ophthalmology (Dr Bryar), Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan (Dr Zhou); Research Resources Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago (Dr Green); Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (Dr Betz). Dr Zhou is currently at the Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom-Palmer Eye Institute, Miami, Florida. Dr Raparia is currently at the Department of Pathology, Kaiser Permanente, Santa Clara, California
| | - Bryan Betz
- From the Departments of Pathology (Drs Behdad, Gao, and Raparia; Mr Dittman; Drs Qi, Q Chen, and Y-H Chen) and Ophthalmology (Dr Bryar), Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan (Dr Zhou); Research Resources Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago (Dr Green); Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (Dr Betz). Dr Zhou is currently at the Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom-Palmer Eye Institute, Miami, Florida. Dr Raparia is currently at the Department of Pathology, Kaiser Permanente, Santa Clara, California
| | - Paul Bryar
- From the Departments of Pathology (Drs Behdad, Gao, and Raparia; Mr Dittman; Drs Qi, Q Chen, and Y-H Chen) and Ophthalmology (Dr Bryar), Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan (Dr Zhou); Research Resources Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago (Dr Green); Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (Dr Betz). Dr Zhou is currently at the Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom-Palmer Eye Institute, Miami, Florida. Dr Raparia is currently at the Department of Pathology, Kaiser Permanente, Santa Clara, California
| | - Qing Chen
- From the Departments of Pathology (Drs Behdad, Gao, and Raparia; Mr Dittman; Drs Qi, Q Chen, and Y-H Chen) and Ophthalmology (Dr Bryar), Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan (Dr Zhou); Research Resources Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago (Dr Green); Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (Dr Betz). Dr Zhou is currently at the Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom-Palmer Eye Institute, Miami, Florida. Dr Raparia is currently at the Department of Pathology, Kaiser Permanente, Santa Clara, California
| | - Yi-Hua Chen
- From the Departments of Pathology (Drs Behdad, Gao, and Raparia; Mr Dittman; Drs Qi, Q Chen, and Y-H Chen) and Ophthalmology (Dr Bryar), Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan (Dr Zhou); Research Resources Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago (Dr Green); Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (Dr Betz). Dr Zhou is currently at the Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom-Palmer Eye Institute, Miami, Florida. Dr Raparia is currently at the Department of Pathology, Kaiser Permanente, Santa Clara, California
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40
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Hyeon J, Lee B, Shin SH, Yoo HY, Kim SJ, Kim WS, Park WY, Ko YH. Targeted deep sequencing of gastric marginal zone lymphoma identified alterations of TRAF3 and TNFAIP3 that were mutually exclusive for MALT1 rearrangement. Mod Pathol 2018; 31:1418-1428. [PMID: 29765142 DOI: 10.1038/s41379-018-0064-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Revised: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Gastric extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue is a distinct entity in that Helicobacter pylori infection plays the most important causative role in the development of the disease. To investigate the genomic alteration in gastric marginal zone lymphoma that was resistant to the H. pylori eradication therapy, we analyzed 19 cases of the gastric marginal zone lymphoma using fluorescence in situ hybridization for MALT1, BCL10 rearrangement, and targeted sequencing using an Illumina platform. Major genetic alterations affected genes involved in nuclear factor (NF)-κB pathway activation and included MALT1 rearrangement (39%), and somatic mutations of TRAF3 (21%), TNFAIP3 (16%), and NOTCH1 (16%). In the MALT1 rearrangement-negative group, disruptive somatic mutations of TRAF3 were the most common alterations (4/12, 33%), followed by somatic mutations of TNFAIP3 (3/12, 25%), and NOTCH1 (3/12, 25%). The present study confirms that genes involved in activation of NF-κB-signaling pathways are a major driver in oncogenesis of H. pylori eradication-resistant gastric marginal zone lymphoma and revealed that TRAF3 mutation is a major contributor in MALT1 rearrangement-negative gastric marginal zone lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyeon Hyeon
- Department of Pathology and Translational Genomics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Boram Lee
- Samsung Genome Institute, Research Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - So-Hyun Shin
- Department of Pathology and Translational Genomics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hae Yong Yoo
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seok Jin Kim
- Division of hematology-oncology, Department of Internal medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Won Seog Kim
- Division of hematology-oncology, Department of Internal medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woong-Yang Park
- Samsung Genome Institute, Research Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Young-Hyeh Ko
- Department of Pathology and Translational Genomics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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41
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Moody S, Thompson JS, Chuang SS, Liu H, Raderer M, Vassiliou G, Wlodarska I, Wu F, Cogliatti S, Robson A, Ashton-Key M, Bi Y, Goodlad J, Du MQ. Novel GPR34 and CCR6 mutation and distinct genetic profiles in MALT lymphomas of different sites. Haematologica 2018; 103:1329-1336. [PMID: 29674500 PMCID: PMC6068028 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2018.191601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma originates from a background of diverse chronic inflammatory disorders at various anatomic sites. The genetics underlying its development, particularly in those associated with autoimmune disorders, is poorly characterized. By whole exome sequencing of 21 cases of MALT lymphomas of the salivary gland and thyroid, we have identified recurrent somatic mutations in 2 G-protein coupled receptors (GPR34 and CCR6) not previously reported in human malignancies, 3 genes (PIK3CD, TET2, TNFRSF14) not previously implicated in MALT lymphoma, and a further 2 genes (TBL1XR1, NOTCH1) recently described in MALT lymphoma. The majority of mutations in GPR34 and CCR6 were nonsense and frameshift changes clustered in the C-terminal cytoplasmic tail, and would result in truncated proteins that lack the phosphorylation motif important for β-arrestin-mediated receptor desensitization and internalization. Screening of these newly identified mutations, together with previously defined genetic changes, revealed distinct mutation profiles in MALT lymphoma of various sites, with those of salivary gland characterized by frequent TBL1XR1 and GPR34 mutations, thyroid by frequent TET2, TNFRSF14 and PIK3CD mutations, and ocular adnexa by frequent TNFAIP3 mutation. Interestingly, in MALT lymphoma of the salivary gland, there was a significant positive association between TBL1XR1 mutation and GPR34 mutation/translocation (P=0.0002). In those of ocular adnexa, TBL1XR1 mutation was mutually exclusive from TNFAIP3 mutation (P=0.049), but significantly associated with IGHV3-23 usage (P=0.03) and PIK3CD mutation (P=0.009). These findings unravel novel insights into the molecular mechanisms of MALT lymphoma and provide further evidence for potential oncogenic co-operation between receptor signaling and genetic changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Moody
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Joe Sneath Thompson
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Hongxiang Liu
- Molecular Malignancy Laboratory, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Markus Raderer
- Department of Medicine I, Clinical Division of Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - George Vassiliou
- The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Fangtian Wu
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Alistair Robson
- Department of Dermatopathology, St John's Institute of Dermatology, London, UK
| | - Margaret Ashton-Key
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Southampton University Hospitals National Health Service Trust, UK
| | - Yingwen Bi
- Department of Pathology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - John Goodlad
- Department of Pathology, Western General Hospital, NHS Lothian University Hospitals Trust, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ming-Qing Du
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, UK
- Molecular Malignancy Laboratory, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK
- Department of Histopathology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK
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42
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Maurus K, Appenzeller S, Roth S, Kuper J, Rost S, Meierjohann S, Arampatzi P, Goebeler M, Rosenwald A, Geissinger E, Wobser M. Panel Sequencing Shows Recurrent Genetic FAS Alterations in Primary Cutaneous Marginal Zone Lymphoma. J Invest Dermatol 2018; 138:1573-1581. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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43
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Viel S, Cheyssac E, Pescarmona R, Besson L, Till M, Viremouneix L, Touitou I, Sarrabay G, Walzer T, Belot A. Large deletion in 6q associated to A20 haploinsufficiency and thoracoabdominal heterotaxy. Ann Rheum Dis 2018; 77:1697-1698. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2018-213300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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44
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Abstract
There are three different marginal zone lymphomas (MZLs): the extranodal MZL of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) type (MALT lymphoma), the splenic MZL, and the nodal MZL. The three MZLs share common lesions and deregulated pathways but also present specific alterations that can be used for their differential diagnosis. Although trisomies of chromosomes 3 and 18, deletions at 6q23, deregulation of nuclear factor kappa B, and chromatin remodeling genes are frequent events in all of them, the three MZLs differ in the presence of recurrent translocations, mutations affecting the NOTCH pathway, and the transcription factor Kruppel like factor 2 ( KLF2) or the receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatase delta ( PTPRD). Since a better understanding of the molecular events underlying each subtype may have practical relevance, this review summarizes the most recent and main advances in our understanding of the genetics and biology of MZLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Bertoni
- Università della Svizzera italiana, Institute of Oncology Research, Bellinzona, Switzerland.,Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland (IOSI), Ospedale San Giovanni, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Davide Rossi
- Università della Svizzera italiana, Institute of Oncology Research, Bellinzona, Switzerland.,Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland (IOSI), Ospedale San Giovanni, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Emanuele Zucca
- Università della Svizzera italiana, Institute of Oncology Research, Bellinzona, Switzerland.,Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland (IOSI), Ospedale San Giovanni, Bellinzona, Switzerland
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45
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Pillonel V, Juskevicius D, Ng CKY, Bodmer A, Zettl A, Jucker D, Dirnhofer S, Tzankov A. High-throughput sequencing of nodal marginal zone lymphomas identifies recurrent BRAF mutations. Leukemia 2018; 32:2412-2426. [PMID: 29556019 PMCID: PMC6224405 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-018-0082-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Nodal marginal zone lymphoma (NMZL) is a rare small B-cell lymphoma lacking disease-defining phenotype and precise diagnostic markers. To better understand the mutational landscape of NMZL, particularly in comparison to other nodal small B-cell lymphomas, we performed whole-exome sequencing, targeted high-throughput sequencing, and array-comparative genomic hybridization on a retrospective series. Our study identified for the first time recurrent, diagnostically useful, and potentially therapeutically relevant BRAF mutations in NMZL. Sets of somatic mutations that could help to discriminate NMZL from other closely related small B-cell lymphomas were uncovered and tested on unclassifiable small B-cell lymphoma cases, in which clinical, morphological, and phenotypical features were equivocal. Application of targeted gene panel sequencing gave at many occasions valuable clues for more specific classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Pillonel
- Institute of Pathology and Medical Genetics, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - D Juskevicius
- Institute of Pathology and Medical Genetics, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - C K Y Ng
- Institute of Pathology and Medical Genetics, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - A Bodmer
- Institute of Pathology, Cantonal Hospital Baselland, Liestal, Switzerland
| | - A Zettl
- Pathology, Viollier AG, Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - D Jucker
- Institute of Pathology and Medical Genetics, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - S Dirnhofer
- Institute of Pathology and Medical Genetics, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - A Tzankov
- Institute of Pathology and Medical Genetics, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
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46
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Rosenquist R, Beà S, Du MQ, Nadel B, Pan-Hammarström Q. Genetic landscape and deregulated pathways in B-cell lymphoid malignancies. J Intern Med 2017. [PMID: 28631441 DOI: 10.1111/joim.12633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
With the introduction of next-generation sequencing, the genetic landscape of the complex group of B-cell lymphoid malignancies has rapidly been unravelled in recent years. This has provided important information about recurrent genetic events and identified key pathways deregulated in each lymphoma subtype. In parallel, there has been intense search and development of novel types of targeted therapy that 'hit' central mechanisms in lymphoma pathobiology, such as BTK, PI3K or BCL2 inhibitors. In this review, we will outline the current view of the genetic landscape of selected entities: follicular lymphoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, mantle cell lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukaemia and marginal zone lymphoma. We will detail recurrent alterations affecting important signalling pathways, that is the B-cell receptor/NF-κB pathway, NOTCH signalling, JAK-STAT signalling, p53/DNA damage response, apoptosis and cell cycle regulation, as well as other perhaps unexpected cellular processes, such as immune regulation, cell migration, epigenetic regulation and RNA processing. Whilst many of these pathways/processes are commonly altered in different lymphoid tumors, albeit at varying frequencies, others are preferentially targeted in selected B-cell malignancies. Some of these genetic lesions are either involved in disease ontogeny or linked to the evolution of each disease and/or specific clinicobiological features, and some of them have been demonstrated to have prognostic and even predictive impact. Future work is especially needed to understand the therapy-resistant disease, particularly in patients treated with targeted therapy, and to identify novel targets and therapeutic strategies in order to realize true precision medicine in this clinically heterogeneous patient group.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Rosenquist
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - S Beà
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), CIBER de Cáncer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M-Q Du
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - B Nadel
- CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Q Pan-Hammarström
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
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47
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Clinical utility of recently identified diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive molecular biomarkers in mature B-cell neoplasms. Mod Pathol 2017; 30:1338-1366. [PMID: 28664939 DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.2017.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Genomic profiling studies have provided new insights into the pathogenesis of mature B-cell neoplasms and have identified markers with prognostic impact. Recurrent mutations in tumor-suppressor genes (TP53, BIRC3, ATM), and common signaling pathways, such as the B-cell receptor (CD79A, CD79B, CARD11, TCF3, ID3), Toll-like receptor (MYD88), NOTCH (NOTCH1/2), nuclear factor-κB, and mitogen activated kinase signaling, have been identified in B-cell neoplasms. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, mantle cell lymphoma, Burkitt lymphoma, Waldenström macroglobulinemia, hairy cell leukemia, and marginal zone lymphomas of splenic, nodal, and extranodal types represent examples of B-cell neoplasms in which novel molecular biomarkers have been discovered in recent years. In addition, ongoing retrospective correlative and prospective outcome studies have resulted in an enhanced understanding of the clinical utility of novel biomarkers. This progress is reflected in the 2016 update of the World Health Organization classification of lymphoid neoplasms, which lists as many as 41 mature B-cell neoplasms (including provisional categories). Consequently, molecular genetic studies are increasingly being applied for the clinical workup of many of these neoplasms. In this review, we focus on the diagnostic, prognostic, and/or therapeutic utility of molecular biomarkers in mature B-cell neoplasms.
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48
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Schreuder MI, van den Brand M, Hebeda KM, Groenen PJTA, van Krieken JH, Scheijen B. Novel developments in the pathogenesis and diagnosis of extranodal marginal zone lymphoma. J Hematop 2017; 10:91-107. [PMID: 29225710 PMCID: PMC5712330 DOI: 10.1007/s12308-017-0302-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Extranodal marginal zone lymphoma (EMZL), mostly represented by mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) type, also referred to as MALT lymphoma, is a clinically heterogeneous entity within the group of low-grade B cell lymphomas that arises in a wide range of different extranodal sites, including the stomach, lung, ocular adnexa, and skin. It represents the third most common non-Hodgkin lymphoma in the Western world, and the median age of occurrence is around 60 years. One characteristic aspect in a subset of EMZL detectable in about 25% of the cases is the presence of specific chromosomal translocations involving the genes MALT1 and BCL10, which lead to activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway. Another unique aspect is that several infectious agents, such as Helicobacter pylori in the case of gastric EMZL, and autoimmune disorders, like Sjögren syndrome, have been implicated in the pathogenesis of this cancer. Recent findings as summarized in this review have further improved our understanding of the complex pathobiology of this disease and have been essential to better define novel treatment strategies. In addition, many of these specific features are currently being implemented for the diagnosis of EMZL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max I Schreuder
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6525 AG Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Michiel van den Brand
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6525 AG Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Pathology-DNA, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, The Netherlands
| | - Konnie M Hebeda
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6525 AG Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Patricia J T A Groenen
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6525 AG Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - J Han van Krieken
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6525 AG Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Blanca Scheijen
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6525 AG Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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49
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Kim EJ, Lewis DJ, Duvic M. Novel Mutations Involving NF-κB and B-Cell Signaling Pathways in Primary Cutaneous Large B-Cell Lymphoma, Leg-Type and Comparison with Sézary Syndrome. J Invest Dermatol 2017; 137:1831-1833. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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50
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New developments in the pathology of malignant lymphoma: a review of the literature published from January to April 2017. J Hematop 2017; 10:25-33. [PMID: 28819461 PMCID: PMC5537309 DOI: 10.1007/s12308-017-0295-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
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