1
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Pyrzanowska-Banasiak A, Boyunegmez Tumer T, Bukowska B, Krokosz A. A multifaceted assessment of strigolactone GR24 and its derivatives: from anticancer and antidiabetic activities to antioxidant capacity and beyond. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1242935. [PMID: 37954978 PMCID: PMC10639149 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1242935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Strigolactones are signaling molecules produced by plants, the main functions are the intracorporeal control of plant development and plant growth. GR24 strigolactone is one of the synthetic strigolactones and due to its universality and easy availability, it is a standard and model compound for research on the properties and role of strigolactones in human health. Purpose: In this research work, the impact of mainly GR24 strigolactone on the human body and the role of this strigol-type lactone in many processes that take place within the human body are reviewed. Study design: The article is a review of publications on the use of GR24 strigolactone in studies from 2010-2023. Publications were searched using PubMed, Elsevier, Frontiers, and Springer databases. The Google Scholar search engine was also used. For the review original research papers and reviews related to the presented topic were selected. Results: The promising properties of GR24 and other strigolactone analogs in anti-cancer therapy are presented. Tumor development is associated with increased angiogenesis. Strigolactones have been shown to inhibit angiogenesis, which may enhance the anticancer effect of these γ-lactones. Furthermore, it has been shown that strigolactones have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. There are also a few reports which show that the strigolactone analog may have antimicrobial and antiviral activity against human pathogens. Conclusion: When all of this is considered, strigolactones are molecules whose versatile action is their undeniable advantage. The development of research on these phytohormones makes it possible to discover their new, unique properties and surprising biological activities in relation to many mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Pyrzanowska-Banasiak
- Department of Biophysics of Environmental Pollution, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Tugba Boyunegmez Tumer
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Arts and Science, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, Türkiye
| | - Bożena Bukowska
- Department of Biophysics of Environmental Pollution, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Anita Krokosz
- Department of Biophysics of Environmental Pollution, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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2
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Biolatti M, Blangetti M, Baggieri M, Marchi A, Gioacchini S, Bajetto G, Arnodo D, Bucci P, Fioravanti R, Kojouri M, Bersani M, D'Arrigo G, Siragusa L, Ghinato S, De Andrea M, Gugliesi F, Albano C, Pasquero S, Visentin I, D'Ugo E, Esposito F, Malune P, Tramontano E, Prandi C, Spyrakis F, Magurano F, Dell'Oste V. Strigolactones as Broad-Spectrum Antivirals against β-Coronaviruses through Targeting the Main Protease M pro. ACS Infect Dis 2023; 9:1310-1318. [PMID: 37358826 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.3c00219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
The current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and the likelihood that new coronavirus strains will emerge in the immediate future point out the urgent need to identify new pan-coronavirus inhibitors. Strigolactones (SLs) are a class of plant hormones with multifaceted activities whose roles in plant-related fields have been extensively explored. Recently, we proved that SLs also exert antiviral activity toward herpesviruses, such as human cytomegalovirus (HCMV). Here we show that the synthetic SLs TH-EGO and EDOT-EGO impair β-coronavirus replication including SARS-CoV-2 and the common cold human coronavirus HCoV-OC43. Interestingly, in silico simulations suggest the binding of SLs in the SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro) active site, and this was further confirmed by an in vitro activity assay. Overall, our results highlight the potential efficacy of SLs as broad-spectrum antivirals against β-coronaviruses, which may provide the rationale for repurposing this class of hormones for the treatment of COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Biolatti
- Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Marco Blangetti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Melissa Baggieri
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Marchi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Gioacchini
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Greta Bajetto
- Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease-CAAD, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Davide Arnodo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Paola Bucci
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Raoul Fioravanti
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Maedeh Kojouri
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Bersani
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Giulia D'Arrigo
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Lydia Siragusa
- Molecular Discovery Ltd., Kinetic Business Centre, Elstree, Borehamwood, WD6 4PJ Hertfordshire, United Kingdom
- Molecular Horizon s.r.l., 06084 Bettona (PG), Italy
| | - Simone Ghinato
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Marco De Andrea
- Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease-CAAD, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Francesca Gugliesi
- Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Camilla Albano
- Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Selina Pasquero
- Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Ivan Visentin
- Department of Agricultural, Forestry, and Food Sciences, University of Turin, 10095 Grugliasco, Turin, Italy
| | - Emilio D'Ugo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Esposito
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Paolo Malune
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Enzo Tramontano
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Cristina Prandi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Francesca Spyrakis
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Fabio Magurano
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Dell'Oste
- Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
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3
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Yang ST, Fan JB, Liu TT, Ning S, Xu JH, Zhou YJ, Deng X. Development of Strigolactones as Novel Autophagy/Mitophagy Inhibitors against Colorectal Cancer Cells by Blocking the Autophagosome-Lysosome Fusion. J Med Chem 2022; 65:9706-9717. [PMID: 35852796 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Inhibition of autophagy has been widely viewed as a promising strategy for anticancer therapy. However, few effective and specific autophagy inhibitors have been reported. Herein, we described the design, synthesis, and biological characteristics of new analogues of strigolactones (SLs), an emerging class of plant hormones, against colorectal cancers. Among them, an enantiopure analogue 6 exerted potent and selective cytotoxicity against colorectal cancer cells, but not normal human colon mucosal epithelial cells, which were further confirmed by the plate colony formation assay. Moreover, it significantly inhibited tumor growth in an HCT116 xenograft mouse model with low toxicity. Mechanistically, it is associated with selective induction of cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. Remarkably, 6 acted as a potent autophagy/mitophagy inhibitor by selectively increasing the autophagic flux while blocking the autophagosome-lysosome fusion in HCT116 cells. This study features stereo-defined SLs as novel autophagy inhibitors with high cancer cell specificity, which paves a new path for anticolorectal cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Ting Yang
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Jin-Bao Fan
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Ting-Ting Liu
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Shuai Ning
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Jia-Hao Xu
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Ying-Jun Zhou
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
- Hunan Key laboratory of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Drug Research for Chronic Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Xu Deng
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
- Hunan Key laboratory of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Drug Research for Chronic Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
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4
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Issa NT, Wathieu H, Glasgow E, Peran I, Parasido E, Li T, Simbulan-Rosenthal CM, Rosenthal D, Medvedev AV, Makarov SS, Albanese C, Byers SW, Dakshanamurthy S. A novel chemo-phenotypic method identifies mixtures of salpn, vitamin D3, and pesticides involved in the development of colorectal and pancreatic cancer. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 233:113330. [PMID: 35189517 PMCID: PMC10202418 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Environmental chemical (EC) exposures and our interactions with them has significantly increased in the recent decades. Toxicity associated biological characterization of these chemicals is challenging and inefficient, even with available high-throughput technologies. In this report, we describe a novel computational method for characterizing toxicity, associated biological perturbations and disease outcome, called the Chemo-Phenotypic Based Toxicity Measurement (CPTM). CPTM is used to quantify the EC "toxicity score" (Zts), which serves as a holistic metric of potential toxicity and disease outcome. CPTM quantitative toxicity is the measure of chemical features, biological phenotypic effects, and toxicokinetic properties of the ECs. For proof-of-concept, we subject ECs obtained from the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) database to the CPTM. We validated the CPTM toxicity predictions by correlating 'Zts' scores with known toxicity effects. We also confirmed the CPTM predictions with in-vitro, and in-vivo experiments. In in-vitro and zebrafish models, we showed that, mixtures of the motor oil and food additive 'Salpn' with endogenous nuclear receptor ligands such as Vitamin D3, dysregulated the nuclear receptors and key transcription pathways involved in Colorectal Cancer. Further, in a human patient derived cell organoid model, we found that a mixture of the widely used pesticides 'Tetramethrin' and 'Fenpropathrin' significantly impacts the population of patient derived pancreatic cancer cells and 3D organoid models to support rapid PDAC disease progression. The CPTM method is, to our knowledge, the first comprehensive toxico-physicochemical, and phenotypic bionetwork-based platform for efficient high-throughput screening of environmental chemical toxicity, mechanisms of action, and connection to disease outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naiem T Issa
- Department of Oncology, and Molecular and Experimental Therapeutic Research in Oncology Program, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Henri Wathieu
- Department of Oncology, and Molecular and Experimental Therapeutic Research in Oncology Program, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Eric Glasgow
- Department of Oncology, and Molecular and Experimental Therapeutic Research in Oncology Program, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Ivana Peran
- Department of Oncology, and Molecular and Experimental Therapeutic Research in Oncology Program, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Erika Parasido
- Department of Oncology, and Molecular and Experimental Therapeutic Research in Oncology Program, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Tianqi Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | | | - Dean Rosenthal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | | | | | - Christopher Albanese
- Department of Oncology, and Molecular and Experimental Therapeutic Research in Oncology Program, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Stephen W Byers
- Department of Oncology, and Molecular and Experimental Therapeutic Research in Oncology Program, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Sivanesan Dakshanamurthy
- Department of Oncology, and Molecular and Experimental Therapeutic Research in Oncology Program, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA.
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5
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Antika G, Cinar ZÖ, Seçen E, Özbil M, Tokay E, Köçkar F, Prandi C, Tumer TB. Strigolactone Analogs: Two New Potential Bioactiphores for Glioblastoma. ACS Chem Neurosci 2022; 13:572-580. [PMID: 35138812 PMCID: PMC8895406 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Strigolactones (SLs), carotenoid-derived phytohormones, control the plant response and signaling pathways for stressful conditions. In addition, they impact numerous cellular processes in mammalians and present new scaffolds for various biomedical applications. Recent studies demonstrated that SLs possess potent antitumor activity against several cancer cells. Herein, we sought to elucidate the inhibitory effects of SL analogs on the growth and survival of human brain tumor cell lines. Among four tested SLs, we showed for the first time that two lead bioactiphores, indanone-derived SL and EGO10, can inhibit cancer cell proliferation, induce apoptosis, and induce G1 cell cycle arrest at low concentrations. SL analogs were marked by increased expression of Bax/Caspase-3 genes and downregulation of Bcl-2. In silico studies were conducted to identify drug-likeness, blood-brain barrier penetrating properties, and molecular docking with Bcl-2 protein. Taken together, this study indicates that SLs may be promising antiglioma agents, presenting novel pharmacophores for further preclinical and clinical assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gizem Antika
- Graduate Program of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Graduate Studies, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale 17020, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Özlem Cinar
- Graduate Program of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Graduate Studies, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale 17020, Turkey
| | - Esma Seçen
- Graduate Program of Molecular Medicine, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Jena 07740, Germany
| | - Mehmet Özbil
- Gebze Technical University, Institute of Biotechnology, 41400 Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Esra Tokay
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Sciences and Arts, Balikesir University, Balikesir 10145, Turkey
| | - Feray Köçkar
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Sciences and Arts, Balikesir University, Balikesir 10145, Turkey
| | - Cristina Prandi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Tugba Boyunegmez Tumer
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Arts and Science, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, 17020 Canakkale, Turkey
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6
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Al-Malki AL, Bakkar A, Huwait EA, Barbour EK, Abulnaja KO, Kumosani TA, Moselhy SS. Strigol1/albumin/chitosan nanoparticles decrease cell viability, induce apoptosis and alter metabolomics profile in HepG2 cancer cell line. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 142:111960. [PMID: 34352718 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most common causes of cancer-related deaths globally. Bioavailable, effective and safe therapeutic agents are urgently needed for cancer treatment. This study evaluated the metabolomics profiling, anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects of strigol/albumin/chitosan nanoparticles (S/A/CNP) on HepG2 cell line. The diameter of S/A/CNP was (5 ± 0.01) nm. The IC50 was 180.4 nM and 47.6 nM for Strigol1 and S/A/CNP, respectively, after incubation for 24 h with HepG2 cells. By increasing the concentration of S/A/CNP, there was chromatin condensation, degranulation in the cytoplasm and shrinking in cell size indicating pro-apoptotic activity. Metabolomics profiling of the exposed cells by LC/MS/MS revealed that S/A/CNP up-regulated epigenetic intermediates (spermine and spermidine) and down-regulated energy production pathway and significantly decreased glutamine (P < 0.001). These findings demonstrated that S/A/CNP has anti-proliferative, apoptotic effects and modulate energetic, and epigenetic metabolites in the hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (HepG2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrahman L Al-Malki
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Experimental Biochemistry Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia; Bioactive Natural Products Research Group, King Abdulaziz University. Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashraf Bakkar
- Modern Sciences and Arts University (MSA), 6th October, Giza, Egypt
| | - Etimad A Huwait
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Elie K Barbour
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Experimental Biochemistry Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia; Director of R and D Department, Opticon Hygiene Consulting, Oechsli 7, 8807 Freienbach, Switzerland
| | - Kalid O Abulnaja
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Experimental Biochemistry Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia; Bioactive Natural Products Research Group, King Abdulaziz University. Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Taha A Kumosani
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Experimental Biochemistry Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia; Production of Bio-products for Industrial Applications Research Group, King Abdulaziz University
| | - Said S Moselhy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
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7
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Prandi C, Kapulnik Y, Koltai H. Strigolactones: Phytohormones with Promising Biomedical Applications. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Prandi
- Department of Chemistry University of Turin via P.Giuria 7 10125 Torino Italy
| | - Yoram Kapulnik
- BARD (Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund) Rishon LeZion 7505101 Israel
| | - Hinanit Koltai
- Agriculture Research Organization, Volcani Center Rishon Lezion Israel
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8
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Strigolactones, from Plants to Human Health: Achievements and Challenges. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26154579. [PMID: 34361731 PMCID: PMC8348160 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26154579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Strigolactones (SLs) are a class of sesquiterpenoid plant hormones that play a role in the response of plants to various biotic and abiotic stresses. When released into the rhizosphere, they are perceived by both beneficial symbiotic mycorrhizal fungi and parasitic plants. Due to their multiple roles, SLs are potentially interesting agricultural targets. Indeed, the use of SLs as agrochemicals can favor sustainable agriculture via multiple mechanisms, including shaping root architecture, promoting ideal branching, stimulating nutrient assimilation, controlling parasitic weeds, mitigating drought and enhancing mycorrhization. Moreover, over the last few years, a number of studies have shed light onto the effects exerted by SLs on human cells and on their possible applications in medicine. For example, SLs have been demonstrated to play a key role in the control of pathways related to apoptosis and inflammation. The elucidation of the molecular mechanisms behind their action has inspired further investigations into their effects on human cells and their possible uses as anti-cancer and antimicrobial agents.
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9
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Naeem A, Dakshanamurthy S, Walthieu H, Parasido E, Avantaggiati M, Tricoli L, Kumar D, Lee RJ, Feldman A, Noon MS, Byers S, Rodriguez O, Albanese C. Predicting new drug indications for prostate cancer: The integration of an in silico proteochemometric network pharmacology platform with patient-derived primary prostate cells. Prostate 2020; 80:1233-1243. [PMID: 32761925 PMCID: PMC7540414 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drug repurposing enables the discovery of potential cancer treatments using publically available data from over 4000 published Food and Drug Administration approved and experimental drugs. However, the ability to effectively evaluate the drug's efficacy remains a challenge. Impediments to broad applicability include inaccuracies in many of the computational drug-target algorithms and a lack of clinically relevant biologic modeling systems to validate the computational data for subsequent translation. METHODS We have integrated our computational proteochemometric systems network pharmacology platform, DrugGenEx-Net, with primary, continuous cultures of conditionally reprogrammed (CR) normal and prostate cancer (PCa) cells derived from treatment-naive patients with primary PCa. RESULTS Using the transcriptomic data from two matched pairs of benign and tumor-derived CR cells, we constructed drug networks to describe the biological perturbation associated with each prostate cell subtype at multiple levels of biological action. We prioritized the drugs by analyzing these networks for statistical coincidence with the drug action networks originating from known and predicted drug-protein targets. Prioritized drugs shared between the two patients' PCa cells included carfilzomib (CFZ), bortezomib (BTZ), sulforaphane, and phenethyl isothiocyanate. The effects of these compounds were then tested in the CR cells, in vitro. We observed that the IC50 values of the normal PCa CR cells for CFZ and BTZ were higher than their matched tumor CR cells. Transcriptomic analysis of CFZ-treated CR cells revealed that genes involved in cell proliferation, proteases, and downstream targets of serine proteases were inhibited while KLK7 and KLK8 were induced in the tumor-derived CR cells. CONCLUSIONS Given that the drugs in the database are extremely well-characterized and that the patient-derived cells are easily scalable for high throughput drug screening, this combined in vitro and in silico approach may significantly advance personalized PCa treatment and for other cancer applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisha Naeem
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer CenterGeorgetown University Medical CenterWashington DC
- Ministry of Public HealthDohaQatar
| | - Sivanesan Dakshanamurthy
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer CenterGeorgetown University Medical CenterWashington DC
| | - Henry Walthieu
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer CenterGeorgetown University Medical CenterWashington DC
| | - Erika Parasido
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer CenterGeorgetown University Medical CenterWashington DC
| | - Maria Avantaggiati
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer CenterGeorgetown University Medical CenterWashington DC
| | - Lucas Tricoli
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research InstituteNorth Carolina Central UniversityDurhamNorth Carolina
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research InstituteNorth Carolina Central UniversityDurhamNorth Carolina
| | - Richard J. Lee
- Department of MedicineMassachusetts General Hospital Cancer CenterBostonMassachusetts
| | - Adam Feldman
- Department of MedicineMassachusetts General Hospital Cancer CenterBostonMassachusetts
| | | | - Stephen Byers
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer CenterGeorgetown University Medical CenterWashington DC
| | - Olga Rodriguez
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer CenterGeorgetown University Medical CenterWashington DC
- Center for Translational ImagingGeorgetown University Medical CenterWashington DC
| | - Chris Albanese
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer CenterGeorgetown University Medical CenterWashington DC
- Center for Translational ImagingGeorgetown University Medical CenterWashington DC
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10
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Wu X, Wang S, Li M, Li J, Shen J, Zhao Y, Pang J, Wen Q, Chen M, Wei B, Kaboli PJ, Du F, Zhao Q, Cho CH, Wang Y, Xiao Z, Wu X. Conditional reprogramming: next generation cell culture. Acta Pharm Sin B 2020; 10:1360-1381. [PMID: 32963937 PMCID: PMC7488362 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2020.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-term primary culture of mammalian cells has been always difficult due to unavoidable senescence. Conventional methods for generating immortalized cell lines usually require manipulation of genome which leads to change of important biological and genetic characteristics. Recently, conditional reprogramming (CR) emerges as a novel next generation tool for long-term culture of primary epithelium cells derived from almost all origins without alteration of genetic background of primary cells. CR co-cultures primary cells with inactivated mouse 3T3-J2 fibroblasts in the presence of RHO-related protein kinase (ROCK) inhibitor Y-27632, enabling primary cells to acquire stem-like characteristics while retain their ability to fully differentiate. With only a few years' development, CR shows broad prospects in applications in varied areas including disease modeling, regenerative medicine, drug evaluation, drug discovery as well as precision medicine. This review is thus to comprehensively summarize and assess current progress in understanding mechanism of CR and its wide applications, highlighting the value of CR in both basic and translational researches and discussing the challenges faced with CR.
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Key Words
- 3T3-J2 fibroblast
- AACR, American Association for Cancer Research
- ACC, adenoid cystic carcinoma
- AR, androgen receptor
- CFTR, cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulators
- CR, conditional reprogramming
- CYPs, cytochrome P450 enzymes
- Conditional reprogramming
- DCIS, ductal carcinoma in situ
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- ESC, embryonic stem cell
- HCMI, human cancer model initiatives
- HGF, hepatocyte growth factor
- HNE, human nasal epithelial
- HPV, human papillomaviruses
- ICD, intracellular domain
- LECs, limbal epithelial cells
- NCI, National Cancer Institute
- NGFR, nerve growth factor receptor
- NSCLC, non-small cell lung cancer
- NSG, NOD/SCID/gamma
- PDAC, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
- PDX, patient derived xenograft
- PP2A, protein phosphatase 2A
- RB, retinoblastoma-associated protein
- ROCK
- ROCK, Rho kinase
- SV40, simian virus 40 large tumor antigen
- Senescence
- UVB, ultraviolet radiation b
- Y-27632
- dECM, decellularized extracellular matrix
- hASC, human adipose stem cells
- hTERT, human telomerase reverse transcriptase
- iPSCs, induction of pluripotent stem cells
- ΔNP63α, N-terminal truncated form of P63α
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Wu
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Shengpeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Mingxing Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Hospital (T.C.M) Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Jing Shen
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Yueshui Zhao
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Jun Pang
- Center of Radiation Oncology, Hospital (T.C.M) Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Qinglian Wen
- Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Meijuan Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Bin Wei
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Parham Jabbarzadeh Kaboli
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Fukuan Du
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Qijie Zhao
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Chi Hin Cho
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou 646000, China
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yitao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Zhangang Xiao
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Xu Wu
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou 646000, China
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11
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Zhong M, Fu L. Culture and application of conditionally reprogrammed primary tumor cells. Gastroenterol Rep (Oxf) 2020; 8:224-233. [PMID: 32665854 PMCID: PMC7333928 DOI: 10.1093/gastro/goaa023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is still a major public-health problem that threatens human life worldwide and further study needs to be carried out in the basic and preclinical areas. Although high-throughput sequencing technology and individualized precise therapy have made breakthroughs over the years, the high failure rate of clinical translational research has limited the innovation of antitumor drugs and triggered the urgent need for optimal cancer-research models. The development of cancerous cell lines, patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models, and organoid has strongly promoted the development of tumor-biology research, but the prediction values are limited. Conditional reprogramming (CR) is a novel cell-culture method for cancer research combining feeder cells with a Rho-associated coiled-coil kinase (ROCK) inhibitor, which enables the rapid and continuous proliferation of primary epithelial cells. In this review, we summarize the methodology to establish CR model and overview recent functions and applications of CR cell-culture models in cancer research with regard to the study of cancer-biology characterization, the exploration of therapeutic targets, individualized drug screening, the illumination of mechanisms about response to antitumor drugs, and the improvement of patient-derived animal models, and finally discuss in detail the major limitations of this cell-culture system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjun Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Liwu Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
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12
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Liu W, Ju L, Cheng S, Wang G, Qian K, Liu X, Xiao Y, Wang X. Conditional reprogramming: Modeling urological cancer and translation to clinics. Clin Transl Med 2020; 10:e95. [PMID: 32508060 PMCID: PMC7403683 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.95] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Patient-derived models, including cell models (organoids and conditionally reprogrammed cells [CRCs]) and patient-derived xenografts, are urgently needed for both basic and translational cancer research. Conditional reprogramming (CR) technique refers to a co-culture system of primary human normal or tumor cells with irradiated murine fibroblasts in the presence of a Rho-associated kinase inhibitor to allow the primary cells to acquire stem cell properties and the ability to proliferate indefinitely in vitro without any exogenous gene or viral transfection. Considering its robust features, the CR technique may facilitate cancer research in many aspects. Under in vitro culturing, malignant CRCs can share certain genetic aberrations and tumor phenotypes with their parental specimens. Thus, tumor CRCs can promisingly be utilized for the study of cancer biology, the discovery of novel therapies, and the promotion of precision medicine. For normal CRCs, the characteristics of normal karyotype maintenance and lineage commitment suggest their potential in toxicity testing and regenerative medicine. In this review, we discuss the applications, limitations, and future potential of CRCs in modeling urological cancer and translation to clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Department of UrologyZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Lingao Ju
- Department of Biological RepositoriesZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Human Genetic Resources Preservation Center of Hubei ProvinceWuhanChina
| | - Songtao Cheng
- Department of UrologyZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Biological RepositoriesZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Human Genetic Resources Preservation Center of Hubei ProvinceWuhanChina
| | - Kaiyu Qian
- Department of Biological RepositoriesZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Human Genetic Resources Preservation Center of Hubei ProvinceWuhanChina
| | - Xuefeng Liu
- Department of Pathology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer CenterGeorgetown University Medical CenterWashingtonDC
| | - Yu Xiao
- Department of UrologyZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Department of Biological RepositoriesZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Human Genetic Resources Preservation Center of Hubei ProvinceWuhanChina
| | - Xinghuan Wang
- Department of UrologyZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Medical Research InstituteWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
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13
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Strigolactone Analogs Are Promising Antiviral Agents for the Treatment of Human Cytomegalovirus Infection. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8050703. [PMID: 32397638 PMCID: PMC7284764 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8050703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a widespread pathogen and is associated with severe diseases in immunocompromised individuals. Moreover, HCMV infection is the most frequent cause of congenital malformation in developed countries. Although nucleoside analogs have been successfully employed against HCMV, their use is hampered by the occurrence of serious side effects. There is thus an urgent clinical need for less toxic, but highly effective, antiviral drugs. Strigolactones (SLs) are a novel class of plant hormones with a multifaceted activity. While their role in plant-related fields has been extensively explored, their effects on human cells and their potential applications in medicine are far from being fully exploited. In particular, their antiviral activity has never been investigated. In the present study, a panel of SL analogs has been assessed for antiviral activity against HCMV. We demonstrate that TH-EGO and EDOT-EGO significantly inhibit HCMV replication in vitro, impairing late protein expression. Moreover, we show that the SL-dependent induction of apoptosis in HCMV-infected cells is a contributing mechanism to SL antiviral properties. Overall, our results indicate that SLs may be a promising alternative to nucleoside analogs for the treatment of HCMV infections.
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14
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Kim SW, Goossens A, Libert C, Van Immerseel F, Staal J, Beyaert R. Phytohormones: Multifunctional nutraceuticals against metabolic syndrome and comorbid diseases. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 175:113866. [PMID: 32088261 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.113866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome is characterized by the co-occurrence of diverse symptoms initiating the development of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and a variety of comorbid diseases. The complex constellation of numerous comorbidities makes it difficult to develop common therapeutic approaches that ameliorate these pathological features simultaneously. The plant hormones abscisic acid, salicylic acid, auxin, and cytokinins, have shown promising anti-inflammatory and pro-metabolic effects that could mitigate several disorders relevant to metabolic syndrome. Intriguingly, besides plants, human cells and gut microbes also endogenously produce these molecules, indicating a role in the complex interplay between inflammatory responses associated with metabolic syndrome, the gut microbiome, and nutrition. Here, we introduce how bioactive phytohormones can be generated endogenously and through the gut microbiome. These molecules subsequently influence immune responses and metabolism. We also elaborate on how phytohormones can beneficially modulate metabolic syndrome comorbidities, and propose them as nutraceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seo Woo Kim
- VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; VIB-UGent Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Alain Goossens
- VIB-UGent Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Claude Libert
- VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Filip Van Immerseel
- Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Jens Staal
- VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Rudi Beyaert
- VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
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15
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Kurt B, Ozleyen A, Antika G, Yilmaz YB, Tumer TB. Multitarget Profiling of a Strigolactone Analogue for Early Events of Alzheimer's Disease: In Vitro Therapeutic Activities against Neuroinflammation. ACS Chem Neurosci 2020; 11:501-507. [PMID: 32017526 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.9b00694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropathological changes in Alzheimer's disease (AD) are directly linked to the early inflammatory microenvironment in the brain. Therefore, disease-modifying agents targeting neuroinflammation may open up new avenues in the treatment of AD. Strigolactones (SLs), subclasses of structurally diverse and biologically active apocarotenoids, have been recently identified as novel phytohormones. In spite of the remarkable anticancer capacity shown by SLs, their effects on the brain remained unexplored. Herein, the SIM-A9 microglial cell line was used as a phenotypic screening tool to search for the representative SL, GR24, demonstrating marked potency in the suppression of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced neuroinflammatory/neurotoxic mediators by regulating NF-κB, Nrf2, and PPARγ signaling. GR24 also in the brain endothelial cell line bEnd.3 mitigated the LPS-increased permeability as evidenced by reduced Evans' blue extravasation through enhancing the expression of tight junction protein, occludin. Collectively, the present work shows the anti-neuroinflammatory and glia/neuroprotective properties of GR24, making SLs promising scaffolds for the development of novel anti-AD candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Begum Kurt
- Graduate Program of Biomolecular Sciences, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, 17020 Turkey
| | - Adem Ozleyen
- Graduate Program of Biomolecular Sciences, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, 17020 Turkey
| | - Gizem Antika
- Graduate Program of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, 17020 Turkey
| | - Yakup Berkay Yilmaz
- Graduate Program of Biomolecular Sciences, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, 17020 Turkey
| | - Tugba Boyunegmez Tumer
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Arts and Science, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, 17020 Turkey
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16
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Palechor-Ceron N, Krawczyk E, Dakic A, Simic V, Yuan H, Blancato J, Wang W, Hubbard F, Zheng YL, Dan H, Strome S, Cullen K, Davidson B, Deeken JF, Choudhury S, Ahn PH, Agarwal S, Zhou X, Schlegel R, Furth PA, Pan CX, Liu X. Conditional Reprogramming for Patient-Derived Cancer Models and Next-Generation Living Biobanks. Cells 2019; 8:E1327. [PMID: 31717887 PMCID: PMC6912808 DOI: 10.3390/cells8111327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional cancer models including cell lines and animal models have limited applications in both basic and clinical cancer research. Genomics-based precision oncology only help 2-20% patients with solid cancer. Functional diagnostics and patient-derived cancer models are needed for precision cancer biology. In this review, we will summarize applications of conditional cell reprogramming (CR) in cancer research and next generation living biobanks (NGLB). Together with organoids, CR has been cited in two NCI (National Cancer Institute, USA) programs (PDMR: patient-derived cancer model repository; HCMI: human cancer model initiatives. HCMI will be distributed through ATCC). Briefly, the CR method is a simple co-culture technology with a Rho kinase inhibitor, Y-27632, in combination with fibroblast feeder cells, which allows us to rapidly expand both normal and malignant epithelial cells from diverse anatomic sites and mammalian species and does not require transfection with exogenous viral or cellular genes. Establishment of CR cells from both normal and tumor tissue is highly efficient. The robust nature of the technique is exemplified by the ability to produce 2 × 106 cells in five days from a core biopsy of tumor tissue. Normal CR cell cultures retain a normal karyotype and differentiation potential and CR cells derived from tumors retain their tumorigenic phenotype. CR also allows us to enrich cancer cells from urine (for bladder cancer), blood (for prostate cancer), and pleural effusion (for non-small cell lung carcinoma). The ability to produce inexhaustible cell populations using CR technology from small biopsies and cryopreserved specimens has the potential to transform biobanking repositories (NGLB: next-generation living biobank) and current pathology practice by enabling genetic, biochemical, metabolomic, proteomic, and biological assays, including chemosensitivity testing as a functional diagnostics tool for precision cancer medicine. We discussed analyses of patient-derived matched normal and tumor models using a case with tongue squamous cell carcinoma as an example. Last, we summarized applications in cancer research, disease modeling, drug discovery, and regenerative medicine of CR-based NGLB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Palechor-Ceron
- Department of Pathology, Center for Cell Reprogramming, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA; (N.P.-C.); (E.K.); (A.D.); (V.S.); (H.Y.); (S.C.); (S.A.); (R.S.)
| | - Ewa Krawczyk
- Department of Pathology, Center for Cell Reprogramming, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA; (N.P.-C.); (E.K.); (A.D.); (V.S.); (H.Y.); (S.C.); (S.A.); (R.S.)
| | - Aleksandra Dakic
- Department of Pathology, Center for Cell Reprogramming, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA; (N.P.-C.); (E.K.); (A.D.); (V.S.); (H.Y.); (S.C.); (S.A.); (R.S.)
| | - Vera Simic
- Department of Pathology, Center for Cell Reprogramming, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA; (N.P.-C.); (E.K.); (A.D.); (V.S.); (H.Y.); (S.C.); (S.A.); (R.S.)
| | - Hang Yuan
- Department of Pathology, Center for Cell Reprogramming, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA; (N.P.-C.); (E.K.); (A.D.); (V.S.); (H.Y.); (S.C.); (S.A.); (R.S.)
| | - Jan Blancato
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA; (J.B.); (W.W.); (Y.-L.Z.); (P.A.F.)
| | - Weisheng Wang
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA; (J.B.); (W.W.); (Y.-L.Z.); (P.A.F.)
| | - Fleesie Hubbard
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (F.H.); (H.D.); (S.S.); (K.C.)
| | - Yun-Ling Zheng
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA; (J.B.); (W.W.); (Y.-L.Z.); (P.A.F.)
| | - Hancai Dan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (F.H.); (H.D.); (S.S.); (K.C.)
| | - Scott Strome
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (F.H.); (H.D.); (S.S.); (K.C.)
| | - Kevin Cullen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (F.H.); (H.D.); (S.S.); (K.C.)
| | - Bruce Davidson
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA;
| | - John F. Deeken
- Inova Translational Medicine Institute, Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA 22031, USA;
| | - Sujata Choudhury
- Department of Pathology, Center for Cell Reprogramming, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA; (N.P.-C.); (E.K.); (A.D.); (V.S.); (H.Y.); (S.C.); (S.A.); (R.S.)
| | - Peter H. Ahn
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA;
| | - Seema Agarwal
- Department of Pathology, Center for Cell Reprogramming, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA; (N.P.-C.); (E.K.); (A.D.); (V.S.); (H.Y.); (S.C.); (S.A.); (R.S.)
| | - Xuexun Zhou
- iCryobiol and iFuture Technologies, Shanghai 200127, China;
| | - Richard Schlegel
- Department of Pathology, Center for Cell Reprogramming, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA; (N.P.-C.); (E.K.); (A.D.); (V.S.); (H.Y.); (S.C.); (S.A.); (R.S.)
| | - Priscilla A. Furth
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA; (J.B.); (W.W.); (Y.-L.Z.); (P.A.F.)
| | - Chong-Xian Pan
- University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA;
| | - Xuefeng Liu
- Department of Pathology, Center for Cell Reprogramming, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA; (N.P.-C.); (E.K.); (A.D.); (V.S.); (H.Y.); (S.C.); (S.A.); (R.S.)
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA; (J.B.); (W.W.); (Y.-L.Z.); (P.A.F.)
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17
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The strigolactone analog GR-24 inhibits angiogenesis in vivo and in vitro by a mechanism involving cytoskeletal reorganization and VEGFR2 signalling. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 168:366-383. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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18
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Parasido E, Avetian GS, Naeem A, Graham G, Pishvaian M, Glasgow E, Mudambi S, Lee Y, Ihemelandu C, Choudhry M, Peran I, Banerjee PP, Avantaggiati ML, Bryant K, Baldelli E, Pierobon M, Liotta L, Petricoin E, Fricke ST, Sebastian A, Cozzitorto J, Loots GG, Kumar D, Byers S, Londin E, DiFeo A, Narla G, Winter J, Brody JR, Rodriguez O, Albanese C. The Sustained Induction of c-MYC Drives Nab-Paclitaxel Resistance in Primary Pancreatic Ductal Carcinoma Cells. Mol Cancer Res 2019; 17:1815-1827. [PMID: 31164413 PMCID: PMC6726538 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-19-0191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly aggressive disease with limited and, very often, ineffective medical and surgical therapeutic options. The treatment of patients with advanced unresectable PDAC is restricted to systemic chemotherapy, a therapeutic intervention to which most eventually develop resistance. Recently, nab-paclitaxel (n-PTX) has been added to the arsenal of first-line therapies, and the combination of gemcitabine and n-PTX has modestly prolonged median overall survival. However, patients almost invariably succumb to the disease, and little is known about the mechanisms underlying n-PTX resistance. Using the conditionally reprogrammed (CR) cell approach, we established and verified continuously growing cell cultures from treatment-naïve patients with PDAC. To study the mechanisms of primary drug resistance, nab-paclitaxel-resistant (n-PTX-R) cells were generated from primary cultures and drug resistance was verified in vivo, both in zebrafish and in athymic nude mouse xenograft models. Molecular analyses identified the sustained induction of c-MYC in the n-PTX-R cells. Depletion of c-MYC restored n-PTX sensitivity, as did treatment with either the MEK inhibitor, trametinib, or a small-molecule activator of protein phosphatase 2a. IMPLICATIONS: The strategies we have devised, including the patient-derived primary cells and the unique, drug-resistant isogenic cells, are rapid and easily applied in vitro and in vivo platforms to better understand the mechanisms of drug resistance and for defining effective therapeutic options on a patient by patient basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Parasido
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, D.C
| | - George S Avetian
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, D.C
| | - Aisha Naeem
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, D.C
| | - Garrett Graham
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, D.C
| | - Michael Pishvaian
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, D.C
| | - Eric Glasgow
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, D.C
| | - Shaila Mudambi
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, D.C
| | - Yichien Lee
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, D.C
| | - Chukwuemeka Ihemelandu
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, D.C
| | - Muhammad Choudhry
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, D.C
| | - Ivana Peran
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, D.C
| | - Partha P Banerjee
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular and Cell Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, D.C
| | - Maria Laura Avantaggiati
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, D.C
| | - Kirsten Bryant
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Elisa Baldelli
- Center for Applied Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, George Mason University, Manassas, Virginia
| | - Mariaelena Pierobon
- Center for Applied Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, George Mason University, Manassas, Virginia
| | - Lance Liotta
- Center for Applied Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, George Mason University, Manassas, Virginia
| | - Emanuel Petricoin
- Center for Applied Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, George Mason University, Manassas, Virginia
| | - Stanley T Fricke
- Center for Translational Imaging, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, D.C
| | - Aimy Sebastian
- Biology and Biotechnology Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California
| | - Joseph Cozzitorto
- Division of Surgical Research, Department of Surgery, Jefferson Pancreas, Biliary and Related Cancer Center, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Gabriela G Loots
- Biology and Biotechnology Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute (JLC-BBRI), North Carolina Central University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Stephen Byers
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, D.C
| | - Eric Londin
- Computational Medicine Center, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Analisa DiFeo
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Goutham Narla
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Jordan Winter
- Division of Surgical Research, Department of Surgery, Jefferson Pancreas, Biliary and Related Cancer Center, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Case Western Reserve School of Medicine, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center and University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Jonathan R Brody
- Division of Surgical Research, Department of Surgery, Jefferson Pancreas, Biliary and Related Cancer Center, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Olga Rodriguez
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, D.C
- Center for Translational Imaging, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, D.C
| | - Chris Albanese
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, D.C.
- Center for Translational Imaging, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, D.C
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19
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Prandi C, Occhiato EG. From synthetic control to natural products: a focus on N-heterocycles. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2019; 75:2385-2402. [PMID: 30624033 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Natural products containing a N-heterocycle motif are widespread in nature and medicinal plants, in particular, have proved to be a source of almost unlimited N-derived structures with high molecular diversity. Because of their intrinsic potential for use in both biomedical and agricultural applications, there is a general need for new compounds and for the synthesis of 'natural-inspired' analogues. Importantly, transition of a natural product from discovery to a 'market lead' is associated with an increasingly challenging demand for more of the compound, which cannot be met by isolation from natural plant sources, often due to low extraction yields and uneven availability of the plant source itself. Synthesis remains the most reliable approach to provide valuable products for the market. In this review, a comprehensive overview of our contribution to synthetic access to N-derived natural products is given. Major strengths of the proposed methodologies are discussed critically. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ernesto G Occhiato
- Department of Chemistry 'U. Schiff', Università degli Studi di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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20
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Gene Ontology and Expression Studies of Strigolactone Analogues on a Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Line. Anal Cell Pathol (Amst) 2019; 2019:1598182. [PMID: 31482051 PMCID: PMC6701435 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1598182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common and recurrent type of primary adult liver cancer without any effective therapy. Plant-derived compounds acting as anticancer agents can induce apoptosis by targeting several signaling pathways. Strigolactone (SL) is a novel class of phytohormone, whose analogues have been reported to possess anticancer properties on a panel of human cancer cell lines through inducing cell cycle arrest, destabilizing microtubular integrity, reducing damaged in the DNA repair machinery, and inducing apoptosis. In our previous study, we reported that a novel SL analogue, TIT3, reduces HepG2 cell proliferation, inhibits cell migration, and induces apoptosis. To decipher the mechanisms of TIT3-induced anticancer activity in HepG2, we performed RNA sequencing and the differential expression of genes was analyzed using different tools. RNA-Seq data showed that the genes responsible for microtubule organization such as TUBB, BUB1B, TUBG2, TUBGCP6, TPX2, and MAP7 were significantly downregulated. Several epigenetic modulators such as UHRF1, HDAC7, and DNMT1 were also considerably downregulated, and this effect was associated with significant upregulation of various proapoptotic genes including CASP3, TNF-α, CASP7, and CDKN1A (p21). Likewise, damaged DNA repair genes such as RAD51, RAD52, and DDB2 were also significantly downregulated. This study indicates that TIT3-induced antiproliferative and proapoptotic activities on HCC cells could involve several signaling pathways. Our results suggest that TIT3 might be a promising drug to treat HCC.
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21
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Kim HY, Jin H, Bae J, Choi HK. Metabolic and lipidomic investigation of the antiproliferative effects of coronatine against human melanoma cells. Sci Rep 2019; 9:3140. [PMID: 30816283 PMCID: PMC6395766 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39990-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is the most aggressive form of skin cancer, with metastatic melanoma being refractory to currently available conventional therapies. In this study, we evaluated the inhibitory effect of coronatine (COR) on the proliferation of metastatic melanoma cells. COR inhibited the proliferation of melanoma cells but negligibly affected the proliferation of normal melanocytes. Comparative metabolic and lipidomic profiling using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and direct infusion-mass spectrometry was performed to investigate COR-induced metabolic changes. These analyses identified 33 metabolites and 82 lipids. Of these, the levels of lactic acid and glutamic acid, which are involved in energy metabolism, significantly decreased in COR-treated melanoma cells. Lipidomic profiling indicated that ceramide levels increased in COR-treated melanoma cells, suggesting that ceramides could function as a suppressor of cancer cell proliferation. In contrast, the levels of phosphatidylinositol (PI) species, including PI 16:0/18:0, 16:0/18:1, 18:0/18:0, and 18:0/18:1, which were found to be potential biomarkers of melanoma metastasis in our previous study, were lower in the COR-treated cells than in control cells. The findings of metabolomic and lipidomic profiling performed in the present study provide new insights on the anticancer mechanisms of COR and can be used to apply COR in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Youn Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanyong Jin
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeehyeon Bae
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Kyoon Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea.
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22
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Modi SR, Kokkola T. Strigolactone GR24 upregulates target genes of the cytoprotective transcription factor Nrf2 in skeletal muscle. F1000Res 2019; 7:1459. [PMID: 30728949 PMCID: PMC6347031 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.16172.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
GR24 is a synthetic strigolactone analog, demonstrated to regulate the development of plants and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. GR24 possesses anti-cancer and anti-apoptotic properties, enhances insulin sensitivity and mitochondrial biogenesis in skeletal myotubes, inhibits adipogenesis, decreases inflammation in adipocytes and macrophages and downregulates the expression of hepatic gluconeogenic enzymes. Transcription factor Nrf2 (Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2) is a master regulator of antioxidant response, regulating a multitude of genes involved in cellular stress responses and anti-inflammatory pathways, thus maintaining cellular redox homeostasis. Nrf2 activation reduces the deleterious effects of mitochondrial toxins and has multiple roles in promoting mitochondrial function and dynamics. We studied the role of GR24 on gene expression in rat L6 skeletal muscle cells which were differentiated into myotubes. The myotubes were treated with GR24 and analyzed by microarray gene expression profiling. GR24 upregulated the cytoprotective transcription factor Nrf2 and its target genes, activating antioxidant defences, suggesting that GR24 may protect skeletal muscle from the toxic effects of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalem Raju Modi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, 70210, Finland
| | - Tarja Kokkola
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, 70210, Finland
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23
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Argenziano M, Lombardi C, Ferrara B, Trotta F, Caldera F, Blangetti M, Koltai H, Kapulnik Y, Yarden R, Gigliotti L, Dianzani U, Dianzani C, Prandi C, Cavalli R. Glutathione/pH-responsive nanosponges enhance strigolactone delivery to prostate cancer cells. Oncotarget 2018; 9:35813-35829. [PMID: 30533197 PMCID: PMC6254672 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Strigolactones (SLs) are carotenoid-derived plant hormones that exhibit anti-cancer activities. We previously demonstrated that two SL analogues, MEB55 and ST362, inhibit the growth and survival of various cancer cell lines. However, these compounds have low aqueous solubility and stability at physiological pH. Here, we generated SL-loaded glutathione/pH-responsive nanosponges (GSH/pH-NS) to selectively deliver SLs to prostate cancer cells and enhance their therapeutic efficacy. The SLs were readily incorporated into the GSH/pH-NS. The drug loading efficiency was 13.9% for MEB55 and 15.4% for ST362, and the encapsulation efficiency was 88.7% and 96.5%, respectively. Kinetic analysis revealed that release of MEB55 and ST362 from the GSH/pH-NS was accelerated at acidic pH and in the presence of a high GSH concentration. Evaluation of the effects of MEB55- and ST362-loaded GSH/pH-NS on the growth of DU145 (high GSH) and PC-3 (low GSH) prostate cancer cells revealed that the GSH/pH-NS inhibited the proliferation of DU145 cells to a greater extent than free MEB55 or ST362 over a range of concentrations. These findings indicate GSH/pH-NS are efficient tools for controlled delivery of SLs to prostate cancer cells and may enhance the therapeutic efficacy of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Argenziano
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Benedetta Ferrara
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Hinanit Koltai
- Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeTsiyon, Israel
| | - Yoram Kapulnik
- Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeTsiyon, Israel
| | - Ronit Yarden
- Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington DC, USA
| | - Luca Gigliotti
- Department of Health Sciences, Universita del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Umberto Dianzani
- Department of Health Sciences, Universita del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Chiara Dianzani
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Roberta Cavalli
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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24
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Tumer TB, Yılmaz B, Ozleyen A, Kurt B, Tok TT, Taskin KM, Kulabas SS. GR24, a synthetic analog of Strigolactones, alleviates inflammation and promotes Nrf2 cytoprotective response: In vitro and in silico evidences. Comput Biol Chem 2018; 76:179-190. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2018.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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25
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Hasan MN, Razvi SSI, Kuerban A, Balamash KS, Al-Bishri WM, Abulnaja KO, Choudhry H, Khan JA, Moselhy SS, M Z, Kumosani TA, Al-Malki AL, Alhosin M, Asami T. Strigolactones-a novel class of phytohormones as anti-cancer agents. JOURNAL OF PESTICIDE SCIENCE 2018; 43:168-172. [PMID: 30363122 PMCID: PMC6140662 DOI: 10.1584/jpestics.d17-090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapy shows some promising results in the inhibition of cancer, but resistance to chemotherapy and its severe side effects may occur in due course, resulting in only restricted and narrow benefits. Therefore, there is a pressing need to find alternative chemotherapeutic drugs for combating cancers. Plants have been used since ages in medicine, and by the dawn of 19th century, various potent and promising anti-cancer products have been derived from plants. Strigolactones (SLs) are a novel class of phytohormones involved in regulating the branching of shoots. Recently, many novel synthesized SL analogues have been found to be effective against solid and non-solid tumours. These hormones have been reported to have a unique mechanism of inhibiting cancer cells by lowering their viability and promoting apoptosis and cell death at micromolar concentrations. Therefore, synthetic SL analogues could be future potent anti-cancer drug candidates. Further research is needed to identify and deduce the significance of these synthetic SL analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Nihal Hasan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed S. I. Razvi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abudukadeer Kuerban
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khadijah Saeed Balamash
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Widad M. Al-Bishri
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Omar Abulnaja
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Experimental Biochemistry Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Bioactive Natural Products Research Group, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hani Choudhry
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Cancer Metabolism and Epigenetic Unit, Faculty of Science, Cancer and Mutagenesis Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Bioactive Natural Products Research Group, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jehan A. Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Biological Sciences Department (Genomic division), Faculty of Science, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Said Salama Moselhy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Experimental Biochemistry Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Bioactive Natural Products Research Group, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Zamzami M
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Cancer Metabolism and Epigenetic Unit, Faculty of Science, Cancer and Mutagenesis Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Taha A. Kumosani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Experimental Biochemistry Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Production of Bioproducts for Industrial Applications Research Group, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman L. Al-Malki
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Experimental Biochemistry Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Bioactive Natural Products Research Group, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud Alhosin
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Cancer Metabolism and Epigenetic Unit, Faculty of Science, Cancer and Mutagenesis Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tadao Asami
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Cancer Metabolism and Epigenetic Unit, Faculty of Science, Cancer and Mutagenesis Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113–8657, Japan
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26
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Lombardi C, Artuso E, Grandi E, Lolli M, Spyrakis F, Priola E, Prandi C. Recent advances in the synthesis of analogues of phytohormones strigolactones with ring-closing metathesis as a key step. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 15:8218-8231. [PMID: 28880031 DOI: 10.1039/c7ob01917c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we synthesized and evaluated the biological activity of structural analogues of natural strigolactones in which the butenolide D-ring has been replaced with a γ-lactam. The key step to obtain the α,β-unsaturated-γ-lactam was an RCM on suitably substituted amides. Strigolactones (SLs) are plant hormones with various developmental functions. As soil signaling chemicals, they are required for establishing beneficial mycorrhizal plant/fungus symbiosis. Beside these auxinic roles, recently SLs have been successfully investigated as antitumoral agents. Peculiar to the SL perception system is the enzymatic activity of the hormone receptor. SARs data have shown that the presence of the butenolide D-ring is crucial to retain the biological activity. The substitution of the butenolide with a lactam might shed light on the mechanism of perception. In the following, a dedicated in silico study suggested the binding modes of the synthesized compounds to the receptor of SLs in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Lombardi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, via P. Giuria 7 10125, Turin, Italy.
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27
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Modi S, Yaluri N, Kokkola T. Strigolactone GR24 and pinosylvin attenuate adipogenesis and inflammation of white adipocytes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 499:164-169. [PMID: 29550483 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.03.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is characterized by excess fat accumulation in white adipose tissue, which triggers chronic low-grade inflammation through secretion of pro-inflammatory factors by the enlarged adipocytes and infiltrated macrophages. This affects glucose and lipid metabolism in adipose tissue, inducing type 2 diabetes. NAD+-dependent deacetylase SIRT1 is known to inhibit adipogenesis through the regulation of the key adipogenic transcription factors, PPARγ and C/EBPα. SIRT1 activators such as resveratrol inhibit adipogenesis and exert anti-inflammatory responses in the adipose tissue. We aimed to investigate the role of two SIRT1 activating plant-derived compounds, strigolactone analog GR24 and pinosylvin, in adipogenesis and inflammation of murine adipocytes. 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were differentiated into adipocytes and were treated with GR24 and pinosylvin. Resveratrol was used as a reference treatment. The effects of these compounds on adipogenesis and inflammation were explored by different methods such as cytotoxicity assays, lipid staining, western blotting and ELISA. GR24 upregulated SIRT1 and enhanced the production of NAD+, an essential SIRT1 substrate. GR24, pinosylvin and resveratrol attenuated adipogenesis via inhibiting the expression of PPARγ and C/EBPα and protected against inflammation by inhibiting TNF-α-stimulated IL-6 secretion. GR24 also inhibited NF-κB activation. Our results demonstrate for the first time the beneficial effects of strigolactone GR24 and pinosylvin on adipogenesis and inflammation in adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalem Modi
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Nagendra Yaluri
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tarja Kokkola
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
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28
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Patel NJ, Sharon C, Baranwal S, Boothello RS, Desai UR, Patel BB. Heparan sulfate hexasaccharide selectively inhibits cancer stem cells self-renewal by activating p38 MAP kinase. Oncotarget 2018; 7:84608-84622. [PMID: 27705927 PMCID: PMC5356685 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Heparan sulfate (HS) plays a role in the majority of essential hallmarks of cancer, yet its ability to modulate self-renewal, especially of cancer stem cells (CSCs), remains unknown. We have discovered that a non-anticoagulant HS hexasaccharide (HS06) sequence, but not other shorter or longer sequences, selectively inhibited CSC self-renewal and induced apoptosis in colorectal, pancreatic, and breast CSCs suggesting a very general phenomenon. HS06 inhibition of CSCs relied upon early and sustained activation of p38α/β mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) but not other MAPKs family members i.e. ERK and JNK. In contrast, polymeric HS induced exactly opposite changes in MAPK activation and failed to inhibit CSCs. In fact, TCF4 signaling, a critical regulator of CSC self-renewal, was inhibited by HS06 in a p38 activation dependent fashion. In conclusion, HS06 selectively inhibits CSCs self-renewal by causing isoform specific activation of p38MAPK to inhibit TCF4 signaling. These observations on chain length-induced specificity carry major mechanistic implications with regard to HS in cancer biology, while also presenting a novel paradigm for developing novel anti-CSC hexasaccharides that prevent cancer relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirmita J Patel
- Hunter Holmes McGuire VA Medical Center, Richmond, VA 23249, USA.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Institute for Structural Biology, Drug Discovery and Development, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23219, USA
| | - Chetna Sharon
- Hunter Holmes McGuire VA Medical Center, Richmond, VA 23249, USA
| | - Somesh Baranwal
- Hunter Holmes McGuire VA Medical Center, Richmond, VA 23249, USA.,Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Palliative Care, Department of Internal Medicine and Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Rio S Boothello
- Hunter Holmes McGuire VA Medical Center, Richmond, VA 23249, USA.,Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Palliative Care, Department of Internal Medicine and Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Umesh R Desai
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Institute for Structural Biology, Drug Discovery and Development, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23219, USA
| | - Bhaumik B Patel
- Hunter Holmes McGuire VA Medical Center, Richmond, VA 23249, USA.,Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Palliative Care, Department of Internal Medicine and Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
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29
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Synthetic strigolactone analogues reveal anti-cancer activities on hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2018; 28:1077-1083. [PMID: 29456109 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide. The complex etiology is attributed to many factors like heredity, cirrhosis, hepatitis infections or the dysregulation of the different molecular pathways. Nevertheless, the current treatment regimens have either severe side effects or tumors gradually acquire resistance upon prolonged use. Thus, developing a new selective treatment for HCC is the need of the hour. Many anticancer agents derived from plants have been evaluated for their cytotoxicity towards many human cancer cell lines. Strigolactones (SLs)-a newly discovered class of phytohormones, play a crucial role in the development of plant-root and shoot. Recently, many synthetic analogues of SLs have demonstrated pro-apoptotic effects on different cancer cell lines like prostate, breast, colon and lung. In this study, we tested synthetic SLs analogues on HCC cell line-HepG2 and evaluated their capability to induce cell proliferation inhibition and apoptosis. Primary WST-1 assays, followed by annexin-V/7AAD staining, demonstrated the anti-proliferative effects. The SLs analogues TIT3 and TIT7 were found to significantly reduce HepG2 cell viability in a dose- and time-dependent manner and induce apoptosis. Interestingly, though TIT3 and TIT7 strongly affected cancer cell proliferation, both compounds showed moderate anti-proliferative effect on normal cells. Further, migration of cancer cells was suppressed upon treatment with TIT3 and TIT7 in a wound healing assay. In summary, these findings suggest that two SLs analogues TIT3 and TIT7 exert selective inhibitory effects on cancer cells most likely through targeting microtubules. SLs analogues could be used in future as potential anti-cancer candidates in chemotherapy.
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30
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Li H, Huang K, Gao L, Wang L, Niu Y, Liu H, Wang Z, Wang L, Wang G, Wang J. TES inhibits colorectal cancer progression through activation of p38. Oncotarget 2018; 7:45819-45836. [PMID: 27323777 PMCID: PMC5216763 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 05/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The human TESTIN (TES) gene has been identified as a candidate tumor suppressor based on its location at a common fragile site – a region where loss of heterozygosity has been detected in numerous types of tumors. To investigate its role in colorectal cancer (CRC), we examined TES protein levels in CRC tissue samples and cell lines. We observed that TES was markedly reduced in both CRC tissue and cell lines. Additionally, overexpression of TES significantly inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, while increasing cell apoptosis in colon cancer cells. By contrast, shRNA-mediated TES knockdown elicited the opposite effects. TES inhibited the progression of CRC by up-regulating pro-apoptotic proteins, down-regulating anti-apoptotic proteins, and simultaneously activating p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways. Collectively, these data indicate that TES functions as a necessary suppressor of CRC progression by activating p38-MAPK signaling pathways. This suggests that TES may have a potential application in CRC diagnosis and targeted gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huili Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Kun Huang
- Institution of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lu Gao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Lixia Wang
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yanfeng Niu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hongli Liu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Research Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Guobin Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jiliang Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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31
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Tricoli L, Naeem A, Parasido E, Mikhaiel JP, Choudhry MU, Berry DL, Abdelgawad IA, Lee RJ, Feldman AS, Ihemelandu C, Avantaggiati M, Kumar D, Byers S, Gallagher R, Wulfkuhle J, Petricoin E, Rodriguez O, Albanese C. Characterization of the effects of defined, multidimensional culture conditions on conditionally reprogrammed primary human prostate cells. Oncotarget 2018; 9:2193-2207. [PMID: 29416764 PMCID: PMC5788632 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The inability to propagate human prostate epithelial cells indefinitely has historically presented a serious impediment to prostate cancer research. The conditionally reprogrammed cell (CRC) approach uses the combination of irradiated J2 mouse fibroblasts and a Rho kinase inhibitor such as Y27632 to support the continuous culture of cells derived from most epithelial tissues, including the prostate. Due to their rapid establishment and overall ease of use, CRCs are now widely used in a variety of basic and preclinical settings. In addition, CRCs were successfully used to clinically treat respiratory papillomatosis. Although both normal and tumor-derived prostate CRCs have been used to study the basic biology of prostate cancer and to test new therapies, certain limitations exist. We have previously reported that prostate CRCs form functional prostate glands when implanted under the mouse renal capsule. However in conventional culture, the prostate CRCs exist in an adult stem-like, transient amplifying state and consequently do not adequately recapitulate several important features of a differentiated prostate epithelium. To address these limitations, we previously described a transwell dish-based model that supported the culturing of prostate CRCs and the collection of cells and cell extracts for molecular and genetic analyses. Using normal and tumor-derived prostate CRCs, we describe the combined effects of the multi-dimensional transwell platform and defined culture media on prostate cellular proliferation, differentiation and signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Tricoli
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Aisha Naeem
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Erika Parasido
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - John P. Mikhaiel
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Muhammad Umer Choudhry
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Deborah L. Berry
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Richard J. Lee
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Adam S. Feldman
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chukwuemeka Ihemelandu
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Maria Avantaggiati
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Stephen Byers
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Rosa Gallagher
- Center for Applied Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, George Mason University, Manassas, VA, USA
| | - Julia Wulfkuhle
- Center for Applied Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, George Mason University, Manassas, VA, USA
| | - Emanuel Petricoin
- Center for Applied Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, George Mason University, Manassas, VA, USA
| | - Olga Rodriguez
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
- Preclinical Imaging Research Laboratory, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Chris Albanese
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
- Preclinical Imaging Research Laboratory, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
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Croglio MP, Haake JM, Ryan CP, Wang VS, Lapier J, Schlarbaum JP, Dayani Y, Artuso E, Prandi C, Koltai H, Agama K, Pommier Y, Chen Y, Tricoli L, LaRocque JR, Albanese C, Yarden RI. Analogs of the novel phytohormone, strigolactone, trigger apoptosis and synergize with PARP inhibitors by inducing DNA damage and inhibiting DNA repair. Oncotarget 2017; 7:13984-4001. [PMID: 26910887 PMCID: PMC4924693 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Strigolactones are a novel class of plant hormones produced in roots that regulate shoot and root development. We previously reported that strigolactone analogs (SLs) induce G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in a variety of human cancer cells and inhibit tumor growth of human breast cancer xenografts in mice. SLs had no significant influences on non-transformed cells. Here we report for the first time that SLs induce DNA damage in the form of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) and activate the DNA damage response signaling by inducing phosphorylation of ATM, ATR and DNA-PKcs and co-localization of the DNA damage signaling protein, 53BP1, with γH2AX nuclear foci. We further report that in addition to DSBs induction, SLs simultaneously impair DSBs repair, mostly homology-directed repair (HDR) and to a lesser extent non-homologous end joining (NHEJ). In response to SLs, RAD51, the homologous DSB repair protein, is ubiquitinated and targeted for proteasomal degradation and it fails to co-localize with γH2AX foci. Interestingly, SLs synergize with DNA damaging agents-based therapeutics. The combination of PARP inhibitors and SLs showed an especially potent synergy, but only in BRCA1-proficient cells. No synergy was observed between SLs and PARP inhibitors in BRCA1-deficient cells, supporting a role for SLs in HDR impairment. Together, our data suggest that SLs increase genome instability and cell death by a unique mechanism of inducing DNA damage and inhibiting DNA repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P Croglio
- Department of Human Science, NHS, Georgetown University Medical Center, NW, Washington DC, USA
| | - Jefferson M Haake
- Department of Human Science, NHS, Georgetown University Medical Center, NW, Washington DC, USA
| | - Colin P Ryan
- Department of Human Science, NHS, Georgetown University Medical Center, NW, Washington DC, USA
| | - Victor S Wang
- Department of Human Science, NHS, Georgetown University Medical Center, NW, Washington DC, USA
| | - Jennifer Lapier
- Department of Human Science, NHS, Georgetown University Medical Center, NW, Washington DC, USA
| | - Jamie P Schlarbaum
- Department of Human Science, NHS, Georgetown University Medical Center, NW, Washington DC, USA
| | - Yaron Dayani
- Department of Human Science, NHS, Georgetown University Medical Center, NW, Washington DC, USA
| | - Emma Artuso
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Hinanit Koltai
- Institute of Plant Sciences, ARO, Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, Israel
| | - Keli Agama
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch and Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yves Pommier
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch and Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yu Chen
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lucas Tricoli
- The Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, NW, Washington DC, USA
| | - Jeannine R LaRocque
- Department of Human Science, NHS, Georgetown University Medical Center, NW, Washington DC, USA
| | - Christopher Albanese
- The Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, NW, Washington DC, USA.,Department of Pathology, Georgetown University Medical Center, NW, Washington DC, USA
| | - Ronit I Yarden
- Department of Human Science, NHS, Georgetown University Medical Center, NW, Washington DC, USA.,The Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, NW, Washington DC, USA
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Modi S, Yaluri N, Kokkola T, Laakso M. Plant-derived compounds strigolactone GR24 and pinosylvin activate SIRT1 and enhance glucose uptake in rat skeletal muscle cells. Sci Rep 2017; 7:17606. [PMID: 29242624 PMCID: PMC5730588 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17840-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance is a characteristic finding in hyperglycaemia and type 2 diabetes. SIRT1 is a NAD+ dependent deacetylase that plays a central role in glucose homeostasis and energy metabolism. SIRT1 activators, including plant polyphenols such as resveratrol, improve insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle tissue. We hypothesised that the novel plant-derived compounds, strigolactone and pinosylvin, beneficially enhance SIRT1 function, insulin signalling, glucose uptake, and mitochondrial biogenesis in skeletal muscle cells. Rat L6 skeletal muscle myotubes were treated with strigolactone analogue GR24 and pinosylvin. Resveratrol was included in experiments as a reference compound. We measured the effects of these compounds on SIRT1 function, insulin signalling, glucose uptake, mitochondrial biogenesis and gene expression profiles. Strigolactone GR24 upregulated and activated SIRT1 without activating AMPK, enhanced insulin signalling, glucose uptake, GLUT4 translocation and mitochondrial biogenesis. Pinosylvin activated SIRT1 in vitro and stimulated glucose uptake through the activation of AMPK. The regulation of SIRT1 by strigolactone GR24 and the activation of AMPK by pinosylvin may offer novel therapeutic approaches in the treatment of insulin resistance in skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalem Modi
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70210, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Nagendra Yaluri
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70210, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tarja Kokkola
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70210, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Markku Laakso
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70210, Kuopio, Finland. .,Department of Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, 70210, Kuopio, Finland.
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34
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Zheng JX, Han YS, Wang JC, Yang H, Kong H, Liu KJ, Chen SY, Chen YR, Chang YQ, Chen WM, Guo JL, Sun PH. Strigolactones: a plant phytohormone as novel anti-inflammatory agents. MEDCHEMCOMM 2017; 9:181-188. [PMID: 30108912 DOI: 10.1039/c7md00461c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Strigolactones (SLs) are a novel class of plant hormones with enormous potential for the prevention and treatment of inflammation. To further investigate the anti-inflammatory activities of SLs, a representative SL, GR24, and the reductive products of its D-ring were synthesized and their anti-inflammatory activities were fully evaluated on both in vitro and in vivo models. Among these compounds, the two most active optical isomers (2a and 6a) demonstrated strong inhibitory activity on the release of inflammatory cytokines, including nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) by blocking the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways; they also greatly inhibited the migration of neutrophils and macrophages in fluorescent protein labeled zebrafish larvae. These results identified the promising anti-inflammatory effects of SLs, and suggested that both the absolute configuration of SL and the α,β-unsaturated D-ring structure are essential for the observed anti-inflammatory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Xia Zheng
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry , Guangdong University of Technology , Guangzhou , PR China
| | - Yu-Shui Han
- College of Pharmacy , Jinan University , Guangzhou , PR China
| | - Jin-Cai Wang
- College of Pharmacy , Jinan University , Guangzhou , PR China
| | - Hui Yang
- College of Pharmacy , Jinan University , Guangzhou , PR China
| | - Hao Kong
- College of Pharmacy , Jinan University , Guangzhou , PR China
| | - Kang-Jia Liu
- College of Pharmacy , Jinan University , Guangzhou , PR China
| | - Si-Yu Chen
- College of Pharmacy , Jinan University , Guangzhou , PR China
| | - Yi-Rui Chen
- School of Stomatology and Medicine , Foshan University , Foshan , PR China . ; Tel: +86 2085224497
| | - Yi-Qun Chang
- College of Pharmacy , Jinan University , Guangzhou , PR China
| | - Wei-Min Chen
- College of Pharmacy , Jinan University , Guangzhou , PR China
| | - Jia-Liang Guo
- School of Stomatology and Medicine , Foshan University , Foshan , PR China . ; Tel: +86 2085224497
| | - Ping-Hua Sun
- College of Pharmacy , Jinan University , Guangzhou , PR China
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35
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Nejrotti S, Prina Cerai G, Oppedisano A, Maranzana A, Occhiato EG, Scarpi D, Deagostino A, Prandi C. A Gold(I)-Catalyzed Oxidative Rearrangement of Heterocycle-Derived 1,3-Enynes Provides an Efficient and Selective Route to Divinyl Ketones. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201701212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Nejrotti
- Dipartimento di Chimica; Università degli Studi di Torino; via P. Giuria 7 10125 Torino Italy
| | - Gabriele Prina Cerai
- Dipartimento di Chimica; Università degli Studi di Torino; via P. Giuria 7 10125 Torino Italy
| | - Alberto Oppedisano
- Dipartimento di Chimica; Università degli Studi di Torino; via P. Giuria 7 10125 Torino Italy
| | - Andrea Maranzana
- Dipartimento di Chimica; Università degli Studi di Torino; via P. Giuria 7 10125 Torino Italy
| | - Ernesto G. Occhiato
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Ugo Schiff”; Università degli Studi di Firenze; via della Lastruccia 13 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Fi) Italy
| | - Dina Scarpi
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Ugo Schiff”; Università degli Studi di Firenze; via della Lastruccia 13 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Fi) Italy
| | - Annamaria Deagostino
- Dipartimento di Chimica; Università degli Studi di Torino; via P. Giuria 7 10125 Torino Italy
| | - Cristina Prandi
- Dipartimento di Chimica; Università degli Studi di Torino; via P. Giuria 7 10125 Torino Italy
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36
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Mahajan AS, Sugita BM, Duttargi AN, Saenz F, Krawczyk E, McCutcheon JN, Fonseca AS, Kallakury B, Pohlmann P, Gusev Y, Cavalli LR. Genomic comparison of early-passage conditionally reprogrammed breast cancer cells to their corresponding primary tumors. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0186190. [PMID: 29049316 PMCID: PMC5648156 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Conditionally reprogrammed cells (CRCs) are epithelial cells that are directly isolated from patients' specimens and propagated in vitro with feeder cells and a Rho kinase inhibitor. A number of these cells have been generated from biopsies of breast cancer patients, including ductal carcinoma in situ and invasive carcinomas. The characterization of their genomic signatures is essential to determine their ability to reflect the natural biology of their tumors of origin. In this study, we performed the genomic characterization of six newly established invasive breast cancer CRC cultures in comparison to the original patients' primary breast tumors (PBT) from which they derived. The CRCs and corresponding PBTs were simultaneously profiled by genome-wide array-CGH, targeted next generation sequencing and global miRNA expression to determine their molecular similarities in the patterns of copy number alterations (CNAs), gene mutations and miRNA expression levels, respectively. The CRCs' epithelial cells content and ploidy levels were also evaluated by flow cytometry. A similar level of CNAs was observed in the pairs of CRCs/PBTs analyzed by array-CGH, with >95% of overlap for the most frequently affected cytobands. Consistently, targeted next generation sequencing analysis showed the retention of specific somatic variants in the CRCs as present in their original PBTs. Global miRNA profiling closely clustered the CRCs with their PBTs (Pearson Correlation, ANOVA paired test, P<0.05), indicating also similarity at the miRNA expression level; the retention of tumor-specific alterations in a subset of miRNAs in the CRCs was further confirmed by qRT-PCR. These data demonstrated that the human breast cancer CRCs of this study maintained at early passages the overall copy number, gene mutations and miRNA expression patterns of their original tumors. The further characterization of these cells by other molecular and cellular phenotypes at late cell passages, are required to further expand their use as a unique and representative ex-vivo tumor model for basic science and translational breast cancer studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akanksha S. Mahajan
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington DC, United States of America
| | - Bruna M. Sugita
- Department of Genetics, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Anju N. Duttargi
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington DC, United States of America
| | - Francisco Saenz
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington DC, United States of America
| | - Ewa Krawczyk
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington DC, United States of America
| | - Justine N. McCutcheon
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington DC, United States of America
| | - Aline S. Fonseca
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington DC, United States of America
| | - Bhaskar Kallakury
- Department of Pathology, Georgetown University, Washington DC, United States of America
| | - Paula Pohlmann
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington DC, United States of America
| | - Yuriy Gusev
- Innovation Center for Biomedical Informatics, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington DC, United States of America
| | - Luciane R. Cavalli
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington DC, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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37
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Conditionally reprogrammed normal and primary tumor prostate epithelial cells: a novel patient-derived cell model for studies of human prostate cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:22741-22758. [PMID: 28009986 PMCID: PMC5410259 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous study demonstrated that conditional reprogramming (CR) allows the establishment of patient-derived normal and tumor epithelial cell cultures from a variety of tissue types including breast, lung, colon and prostate. Using CR, we have established matched normal and tumor cultures, GUMC-29 and GUMC-30 respectively, from a patient's prostatectomy specimen. These CR cells proliferate indefinitely in vitro and retain stable karyotypes. Most importantly, only tumor-derived CR cells (GUMC-30) produced tumors in xenografted SCID mice, demonstrating maintenance of the critical tumor phenotype. Characterization of cells with DNA fingerprinting demonstrated identical patterns in normal and tumor CR cells as well as in xenografted tumors. By flow cytometry, both normal and tumor CR cells expressed basal, luminal, and stem cell markers, with the majority of the normal and tumor CR cells expressing prostate basal cell markers, CD44 and Trop2, as well as luminal marker, CD13, suggesting a transit-amplifying phenotype. Consistent with this phenotype, real time RT-PCR analyses demonstrated that CR cells predominantly expressed high levels of basal cell markers (KRT5, KRT14 and p63), and low levels of luminal markers. When the CR tumor cells were injected into SCID mice, the expression of luminal markers (AR, NKX3.1) increased significantly, while basal cell markers dramatically decreased. These data suggest that CR cells maintain high levels of proliferation and low levels of differentiation in the presence of feeder cells and ROCK inhibitor, but undergo differentiation once injected into SCID mice. Genomic analyses, including SNP and INDEL, identified genes mutated in tumor cells, including components of apoptosis, cell attachment, and hypoxia pathways. The use of matched patient-derived cells provides a unique in vitro model for studies of early prostate cancer.
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38
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Zhou J, Gao S, Hsieh CL, Malla M, Shemshedini L. Peptide B targets soluble guanylyl cyclase α1 and kills prostate cancer cells. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0184088. [PMID: 28859127 PMCID: PMC5578680 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Among androgen-regulated genes, soluble guanylyl cyclase α1 (sGCα1) is significant in promoting the survival and growth of prostate cancer cells and does so independent of nitric oxide (NO) signaling. Peptides were designed targeting sGCα1 to block its pro-cancer functions and one peptide is discussed here. Peptide B-8R killed both androgen-dependent and androgen-independent prostate cancer cells that expressed sGCα1, but not cells that do not express this gene. Peptide B-8R induced apoptosis of prostate cancer cells. Importantly, Peptide B-8R does not affect nor its cytotoxicity depend on NO signaling, despite the fact that it associates with sGCα1, which dimerizes with sGCβ1 to form the sGC enzyme. Just as with a previously studied Peptide A-8R, Peptide B-8R induced elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in prostate cancer cells, but using a ROS-sequestering agent showed that ROS was not responsible the cytotoxic activity of Peptide B-8R. Interestingly, Peptide B-8R induced elevated levels of p53 and phosphorylated p38, but neither of these changes is the cause of the peptide’s cytotoxicity. Additional drugs were used to alter levels of iron levels in cells and these studies showed that Peptide B-8R activity does not depend on Ferroptosis. Thus, future work will be directed at defining the mechanism of cytotoxic action of Peptide B-8R against prostate cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhou
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Shuai Gao
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Chen-Lin Hsieh
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Mamata Malla
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Lirim Shemshedini
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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39
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Tricoli L, Berry DL, Albanese C. A Rapid Filter Insert-based 3D Culture System for Primary Prostate Cell Differentiation. J Vis Exp 2017. [PMID: 28287583 DOI: 10.3791/55279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Conditionally reprogrammed cells (CRCs) provide a sustainable method for primary cell culture and the ability to develop extensive "living biobanks" of patient derived cell lines. For many types of epithelial cells, various three dimensional (3D) culture approaches have been described that support an improved differentiated state. While CRCs retain their lineage commitment to the tissue from which they are isolated, they fail to express many of the differentiation markers associated with the tissue of origin when grown under normal two dimensional (2D) culture conditions. To enhance the application of patient-derived CRCs for prostate cancer research, a 3D culture format has been defined that enables a rapid (2 weeks total) luminal cell differentiation in both normal and tumor-derived prostate epithelial cells. Herein, a filter insert-based format is described for the culturing and differentiation of both normal and malignant prostate CRCs. A detailed description of the procedures required for cell collection and processing for immunohistochemical and immunofluorescent staining are provided. Collectively the 3D culture format described, combined with the primary CRC lines, provides an important medium- to high- throughput model system for biospecimen-based prostate research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Tricoli
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center
| | - Deborah L Berry
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center
| | - Chris Albanese
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center;
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40
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Boari A, Ciasca B, Pineda-Martos R, Lattanzio VM, Yoneyama K, Vurro M. Parasitic weed management by using strigolactone-degrading fungi. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2016; 72:2043-2047. [PMID: 26757233 DOI: 10.1002/ps.4226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Revised: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Seed germination is a key phase of the parasitic plant life cycle that is stimulated by the secondary metabolites, mainly strigolactones (SLs), secreted by the host roots. Interventions during this stage would be particularly suitable for parasitic weed management practices, as blocking these chemical signals would prevent seed germination and thus parasite attack. Four fungal strains with different ecological functions were considered for their possible ability to metabolise SLs: Fusarium oxysporum and F. solani, biocontrol agents of Phelipanche ramosa; Trichoderma harzianum, a potential biopesticide; Botrytis cinerea, a phytopathogenic fungus. Four different SLs [the natural strigol, 5-deoxystrigol (5DS) and 4-deoxyorobanchol (4DO), and the synthetic analogue GR24] were added to fungal cultures, followed by determination of the SL content by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. RESULTS Differences were observed among microorganisms, treatments and SLs used. T. harzianum and F. oxysporum were the most capable of reducing the SL content; considering the whole set of fungi used, 5DS and 4DO proved to be the most degradable SLs. CONCLUSIONS Beneficial microscopic fungi could differently be used for biocontrolling parasitic weeds, acting as a 'physiological' barrier, by preventing the germination of their seeds through the ability to biotransform the stimulatory signals. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Boari
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, CNR, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Rocío Pineda-Martos
- Agroforestry and Plant Biochemistry and Proteomics Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Córdoba, CeiA3, Madrid-Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | | | - Koichi Yoneyama
- Centre for Bioscience Research and Education, Utsunomiya University, Utsunomiya, Japan
| | - Maurizio Vurro
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, CNR, Bari, Italy.
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41
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Pandey A, Sharma M, Pandey GK. Emerging Roles of Strigolactones in Plant Responses to Stress and Development. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:434. [PMID: 27092155 PMCID: PMC4821062 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Our environment constantly undergoes changes either natural or manmade affecting growth and development of all the organisms including plants. Plants are sessile in nature and therefore to counter environmental changes such as light, temperature, nutrient and water availability, pathogen, and many others; plants have evolved intricate signaling mechanisms, composed of multiple components including several plant hormones. Research conducted in the last decade has placed Strigolactones (SLs) in the growing list of plant hormones involved in coping with environmental changes. SLs are carotenoid derivatives functioning as both endogenous and exogenous signaling molecules in response to various environmental cues. Initially, SLs were discovered as compounds that are harmful to plants due to their role as stimulants in seed germination of parasitic plants, a more beneficial role in plant growth and development was uncovered much later. SLs are required for maintaining plant architecture by regulating shoot and root growth in response to various external stimuli including arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, light, nutrients, and temperature. Moreover, a role for SLs has also been recognized during various abiotic and biotic stress conditions making them suitable target for generating genetically engineered crop plants with improved yield. This review discusses the biosynthesis of SLs and their regulatory and physiological roles in various stress conditions. Understanding of detailed signaling mechanisms of SLs will be an important factor for designing genetically modified crops for overcoming the problem of crop loss under stressful conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amita Pandey
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of DelhiNew Delhi, India
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Prostate Cancer Stem Cells: Viewing Signaling Cascades at a Finer Resolution. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2016; 64:217-23. [DOI: 10.1007/s00005-016-0383-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Makhzoum A, Yousefzadi M, Malik S, Gantet P, Tremouillaux-Guiller J. Strigolactone biology: genes, functional genomics, epigenetics and applications. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2015; 37:151-162. [PMID: 26669271 DOI: 10.3109/07388551.2015.1121967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Strigolactones (SLs) represent an important new plant hormone class marked by their multifunctional role in plant and rhizosphere interactions. These compounds stimulate hyphal branching in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and seed germination of root parasitic plants. In addition, they are involved in the control of plant architecture by inhibiting bud outgrowth as well as many other morphological and developmental processes together with other plant hormones such as auxins and cytokinins. The biosynthetic pathway of SLs that are derived from carotenoids was partially decrypted based on the identification of mutants from a variety of plant species. Only a few SL biosynthetic and regulated genes and related regulatory transcription factors have been identified. However, functional genomics and epigenetic studies started to give first elements on the modality of the regulation of SLs related genes. Since they control plant architecture and plant-rhizosphere interaction, SLs start to be used for agronomical and biotechnological applications. Furthermore, the genes involved in the SL biosynthetic pathway and genes regulated by SL constitute interesting targets for plant breeding. Therefore, it is necessary to decipher and better understand the genetic determinants of their regulation at different levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Makhzoum
- a Department of Biology , University of Western Ontario , London , Ontario , Canada
| | - Morteza Yousefzadi
- b Department of Marine Biology , Faculty of Marine Sciences and Technology, Hormozgan University , Bandar Abbas , Iran
| | - Sonia Malik
- c Health Sciences Graduate Program, Biological and Health Sciences Centre, Federal University of Maranhão , São Luís, MA , Brazil
| | - Pascal Gantet
- d Faculté des Sciences , Université de Montpellier , UMR DIADE , Montpellier , France , and
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Artuso E, Ghibaudi E, Lace B, Marabello D, Vinciguerra D, Lombardi C, Koltai H, Kapulnik Y, Novero M, Occhiato EG, Scarpi D, Parisotto S, Deagostino A, Venturello P, Mayzlish-Gati E, Bier A, Prandi C. Stereochemical Assignment of Strigolactone Analogues Confirms Their Selective Biological Activity. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2015; 78:2624-33. [PMID: 26502774 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5b00557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Strigolactones (SLs) are new plant hormones with various developmental functions. They are also soil signaling chemicals that are required for establishing beneficial mycorrhizal plant/fungus symbiosis. In addition, SLs play an essential role in inducing seed germination in root-parasitic weeds, which are one of the seven most serious biological threats to food security. There are around 20 natural SLs that are produced by plants in very low quantities. Therefore, most of the knowledge on SL signal transduction and associated molecular events is based on the application of synthetic analogues. Stereochemistry plays a crucial role in the structure-activity relationship of SLs, as compounds with an unnatural D-ring configuration may induce biological effects that are unrelated to SLs. We have synthesized a series of strigolactone analogues, whose absolute configuration has been elucidated and related with their biological activity, thus confirming the high specificity of the response. Analogues bearing the R-configured butenolide moiety showed enhanced biological activity, which highlights the importance of this stereochemical motif.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Artuso
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin , Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Elena Ghibaudi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin , Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Beatrice Lace
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin , Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Domenica Marabello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin , Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Daniele Vinciguerra
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin , Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Chiara Lombardi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin , Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | | | | | - Mara Novero
- DBIOS, University of Turin , Viale Mattioli 25, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Ernesto G Occhiato
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence , Via della Lastruccia 13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Dina Scarpi
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence , Via della Lastruccia 13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Stefano Parisotto
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin , Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Annamaria Deagostino
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin , Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Paolo Venturello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin , Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | | | - Ariel Bier
- ARO Volcani Center , Bet Dagan 50250, Israel
| | - Cristina Prandi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin , Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Turin, Italy
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5-Nitro-5′-hydroxy-indirubin-3′-oxime (AGM130), an indirubin-3′-oxime derivative, inhibits tumor growth by inducing apoptosis against non-small cell lung cancer in vitro and in vivo. Eur J Pharm Sci 2015; 79:122-31. [PMID: 26342773 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2015.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Revised: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Wu J, Zhao S, Tang Q, Zheng F, Chen Y, Yang L, Yang X, Li L, Wu W, Hann SS. Activation of SAPK/JNK mediated the inhibition and reciprocal interaction of DNA methyltransferase 1 and EZH2 by ursolic acid in human lung cancer cells. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2015; 34:99. [PMID: 26362062 PMCID: PMC4567809 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-015-0215-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ursolic acid (UA), a pentacyclic triterpenoid, is known to have anti-tumor activity in various cancers including human non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the action of UA remain largely unknown. METHODS Cell viability was measured by MTT assays. Apoptosis was analyzed with Annexin V-FITC/PI Apoptosis Detection Kit by Flow cytometry. Western blot analysis was performed to measure the phosphorylation and protein expression of stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (SAPK/JNK), DNMT1 [DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 1], enhancer of zeste 2 polycomb repressive complex 2 subunit (EZH2) and SP1. Exogenous expression of SP1 and DNMT1 was carried out by transient transfection assays. RESULTS We showed that UA inhibited the growth and induced apoptosis of NSCLC cells in the dose- and time-dependent fashion. Furthermore, we found that UA induced phosphorylation of SAPK/JNK and suppressed the protein expression of DNMT1 and EZH2. The inhibitor of SAPK/JNK (SP600125) blocked the UA-reduced expression of DNMT1 and EZH2. In addition, UA suppressed the expression of SP1 protein. Conversely, overexpression of SP1 reversed the effect of UA on DNMT1 and EZH2 expression, and feedback attenuated UA-induced phosphorylation of SAPK/JNK. Moreover, exogenous expression of DNMT1 antagonized the effect of UA on SAPK/JNK signaling, EZH2 protein expression, and NSCLC cell growth. CONCLUSION Our results show that UA inhibits growth of NSCLC cells through SAPK/JNK-mediated inhibition of SP1; this in turn results in inhibition the expression of DNMT1 and EZH2. Overexpression of DNMT1 diminishes UA-reduced EZH2 protein expression. The negative feedback regulation of SAPK/JNK signaling by SP1 and DNMT1, and the reciprocal interaction of EZH2 and DNMT1 contribute to the overall effects of UA. This study leads to important new insights into the mechanisms by which UA controls growth of NSCLC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Wu
- Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Targeted Therapies, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical Collage, University of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong Province, P. R. China
| | - Shunyu Zhao
- Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Targeted Therapies, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical Collage, University of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong Province, P. R. China
| | - Qing Tang
- Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Targeted Therapies, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical Collage, University of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong Province, P. R. China
| | - Fang Zheng
- Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Targeted Therapies, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical Collage, University of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong Province, P. R. China
| | - YuQin Chen
- Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Targeted Therapies, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical Collage, University of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong Province, P. R. China
| | - LiJun Yang
- Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Targeted Therapies, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical Collage, University of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong Province, P. R. China
| | - Xiaobing Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical Collage, University of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, P. R. China
| | - Liuning Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical Collage, University of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, P. R. China
| | - WanYin Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical Collage, University of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510120, P. R. China
| | - Swei Sunny Hann
- Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Targeted Therapies, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical Collage, University of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong Province, P. R. China.
- , No. 55, Neihuan West Road, Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510006, P. R. China.
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Mayzlish-Gati E, Laufer D, Grivas CF, Shaknof J, Sananes A, Bier A, Ben-Harosh S, Belausov E, Johnson MD, Artuso E, Levi O, Genin O, Prandi C, Khalaila I, Pines M, Yarden RI, Kapulnik Y, Koltai H. Strigolactone analogs act as new anti-cancer agents in inhibition of breast cancer in xenograft model. Cancer Biol Ther 2015; 16:1682-8. [PMID: 26192476 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2015.1070982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Strigolactones (SLs) are a novel class of plant hormones. Previously, we found that analogs of SLs induce growth arrest and apoptosis in breast cancer cell lines. These compounds also inhibited the growth of breast cancer stem cell enriched-mammospheres with increased potency. Furthermore, strigolactone analogs inhibited growth and survival of colon, lung, prostate, melanoma, osteosarcoma and leukemia cancer cell lines. To further examine the anti-cancer activity of SLs in vivo, we have examined their effects on growth and viability of MDA-MB-231 tumor xenografts model either alone or in combination with paclitaxel. We show that strigolactone act as new anti-cancer agents in inhibition of breast cancer in xenograft model. In addition we show that SLs affect the integrity of the microtubule network and therefore may inhibit the migratory phenotype of the highly invasive breast cancer cell lines that were examined.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dana Laufer
- a Institute of Plant Sciences; ARO; Volcani Center ; Bet Dagan , Israel.,b Faculty of Engineering Sciences; The Avram and Stella Goldstein-Goren Department of Biotechnology Engineering ; Ben-Gurion University of the Negev ; Beer-Sheva , Israel
| | - Christopher F Grivas
- c Department of Human Science ; SNHS; Georgetown University ; Washington, DC USA
| | - Julia Shaknof
- a Institute of Plant Sciences; ARO; Volcani Center ; Bet Dagan , Israel
| | - Amiram Sananes
- a Institute of Plant Sciences; ARO; Volcani Center ; Bet Dagan , Israel.,b Faculty of Engineering Sciences; The Avram and Stella Goldstein-Goren Department of Biotechnology Engineering ; Ben-Gurion University of the Negev ; Beer-Sheva , Israel
| | - Ariel Bier
- a Institute of Plant Sciences; ARO; Volcani Center ; Bet Dagan , Israel
| | - Shani Ben-Harosh
- b Faculty of Engineering Sciences; The Avram and Stella Goldstein-Goren Department of Biotechnology Engineering ; Ben-Gurion University of the Negev ; Beer-Sheva , Israel
| | - Eduard Belausov
- a Institute of Plant Sciences; ARO; Volcani Center ; Bet Dagan , Israel
| | - Michael D Johnson
- d Department of Oncology ; Georgetown University Medical Center ; Washington, DC USA.,e The Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center; Georgetown University Medical Center ; Washington, DC USA
| | - Emma Artuso
- f Department of Chemistry ; University of Turin ; Torino , Italy
| | - Oshrat Levi
- g Institute of Animal Sciences; Volcani Center ; Bet Dagan , Israel
| | - Ola Genin
- g Institute of Animal Sciences; Volcani Center ; Bet Dagan , Israel
| | - Cristina Prandi
- f Department of Chemistry ; University of Turin ; Torino , Italy
| | - Isam Khalaila
- b Faculty of Engineering Sciences; The Avram and Stella Goldstein-Goren Department of Biotechnology Engineering ; Ben-Gurion University of the Negev ; Beer-Sheva , Israel
| | - Mark Pines
- g Institute of Animal Sciences; Volcani Center ; Bet Dagan , Israel
| | - Ronit I Yarden
- c Department of Human Science ; SNHS; Georgetown University ; Washington, DC USA.,e The Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center; Georgetown University Medical Center ; Washington, DC USA
| | - Yoram Kapulnik
- a Institute of Plant Sciences; ARO; Volcani Center ; Bet Dagan , Israel
| | - Hinanit Koltai
- a Institute of Plant Sciences; ARO; Volcani Center ; Bet Dagan , Israel
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Mikhail S, Albanese C, Pishvaian MJ. Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors and the treatment of gastrointestinal cancers. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2015; 185:1185-97. [PMID: 25747534 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2015.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Revised: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The cell cycle is a highly conserved and tightly regulated biological system that controls cellular proliferation and differentiation. The cell cycle regulatory proteins, which include the cyclins, the cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), and the CDK inhibitors, are critical for the proper temporal and spatial regulation of cellular proliferation. Conversely, alterations in cell cycle regulatory proteins, leading to the loss of normal cell-cycle control, are a hallmark of many cancers, including gastrointestinal cancers. Accordingly, overexpression of CDKs and cyclins and by contrast loss of CDK inhibitors, are all linked to gastrointestinal cancers and are often associated with less favorable prognoses and outcomes. Because of the importance that the cell cycle regulatory proteins play in tumorigenesis, currently there is a broad spectrum of cell-cycle inhibitors under development that, as a group, hold promise as effective cancer treatments. In support of this approach to cancer treatment, the growing availability of molecular diagnostics techniques may help in identifying patients who have driving abnormalities in the cell-cycle machinery and are thus more likely to respond to cell-cycle inhibitors. In this review, we discuss the prevalence of cell-cycle abnormalities in patients with gastrointestinal cancers and provide a preclinical and clinical overview of new agents that target cell-cycle abnormalities with a special emphasis on gastrointestinal cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameh Mikhail
- James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Christopher Albanese
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia; Department of Pathology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia.
| | - Michael J Pishvaian
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia
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Fridlender M, Kapulnik Y, Koltai H. Plant derived substances with anti-cancer activity: from folklore to practice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:799. [PMID: 26483815 PMCID: PMC4589652 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Plants have had an essential role in the folklore of ancient cultures. In addition to the use as food and spices, plants have also been utilized as medicines for over 5000 years. It is estimated that 70-95% of the population in developing countries continues to use traditional medicines even today. A new trend, that involved the isolation of plant active compounds begun during the early nineteenth century. This trend led to the discovery of different active compounds that are derived from plants. In the last decades, more and more new materials derived from plants have been authorized and subscribed as medicines, including those with anti-cancer activity. Cancer is among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The number of new cases is expected to rise by about 70% over the next two decades. Thus, there is a real need for new efficient anti-cancer drugs with reduced side effects, and plants are a promising source for such entities. Here we focus on some plant-derived substances exhibiting anti-cancer and chemoprevention activity, their mode of action and bioavailability. These include paclitaxel, curcumin, and cannabinoids. In addition, development and use of their synthetic analogs, and those of strigolactones, are discussed. Also discussed are commercial considerations and future prospects for development of plant derived substances with anti-cancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hinanit Koltai
- *Correspondence: Hinanit Koltai, Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, POB6, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel,
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Ringer L, Sirajuddin P, Tricoli L, Waye S, Choudhry MU, Parasido E, Sivakumar A, Heckler M, Naeem A, Abdelgawad I, Liu X, Feldman AS, Lee RJ, Wu CL, Yenugonda V, Kallakury B, Dritschilo A, Lynch J, Schlegel R, Rodriguez O, Pestell RG, Avantaggiati ML, Albanese C. The induction of the p53 tumor suppressor protein bridges the apoptotic and autophagic signaling pathways to regulate cell death in prostate cancer cells. Oncotarget 2014; 5:10678-91. [PMID: 25296977 PMCID: PMC4279402 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Accepted: 09/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The p53 tumor suppressor protein plays a crucial role in influencing cell fate decisions in response to cellular stress. As p53 elicits cell cycle arrest, senescence or apoptosis, the integrity of the p53 pathway is considered a key determinant of anti-tumor responses. p53 can also promote autophagy, however the role of p53-dependent autophagy in chemosensitivity is poorly understood. VMY-1-103 (VMY), a dansylated analog of purvalanol B, displays rapid and potent anti-tumor activities, however the pathways by which VMY works are not fully defined. Using established prostate cancer cell lines and novel conditionally reprogrammed cells (CRCs) derived from prostate cancer patients; we have defined the mechanisms of VMY-induced prostate cancer cell death. Herein, we show that the cytotoxic effects of VMY required a p53-dependent induction of autophagy, and that inhibition of autophagy abrogated VMY-induced cell death. Cancer cell lines harboring p53 missense mutations evaded VMY toxicity and treatment with a small molecule compound that restores p53 activity re-established VMY-induced cell death. The elucidation of the molecular mechanisms governing VMY-dependent cell death in cell lines, and importantly in CRCs, provides the rationale for clinical studies of VMY, alone or in combination with p53 reactivating compounds, in human prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lymor Ringer
- 1 Department of Oncology and Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Paul Sirajuddin
- 1 Department of Oncology and Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Lucas Tricoli
- 1 Department of Oncology and Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Sarah Waye
- 1 Department of Oncology and Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Muhammad Umer Choudhry
- 1 Department of Oncology and Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Erika Parasido
- 1 Department of Oncology and Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Angiela Sivakumar
- 1 Department of Oncology and Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Mary Heckler
- 1 Department of Oncology and Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Aisha Naeem
- 1 Department of Oncology and Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Iman Abdelgawad
- 1 Department of Oncology and Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA,6 National Cancer Institute of Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Xuefeng Liu
- 2 Department of Pathology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | | | - Chin-Lee Wu
- 3 Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - Venkata Yenugonda
- 1 Department of Oncology and Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Bhaskar Kallakury
- 2 Department of Pathology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - John Lynch
- 4 Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Richard Schlegel
- 1 Department of Oncology and Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA,2 Department of Pathology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Olga Rodriguez
- 1 Department of Oncology and Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Richard G. Pestell
- 5 Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Maria Laura Avantaggiati
- 1 Department of Oncology and Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Chris Albanese
- 1 Department of Oncology and Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA,2 Department of Pathology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
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