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Liu Z, Li L, Zhang H, Pang X, Qiu Z, Xiang Q, Cui Y. Platelet factor 4(PF4) and its multiple roles in diseases. Blood Rev 2024; 64:101155. [PMID: 38008700 DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2023.101155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
Platelet factor 4 (PF4) combines with heparin to form an antigen that could produce IgG antibodies and participate in heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT). PF4 has attracted wide attention due to its role in novel coronavirus vaccine-19 (COVID-9)-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT) and cognitive impairments. The electrostatic interaction between PF4 and negatively charged molecules is vital in the progression of VITT, which is similar to HIT. Emerging evidence suggests its multiple roles in hematopoietic and angiogenic inhibition, platelet coagulation interference, host inflammatory response promotion, vascular inhibition, and antitumor properties. The emerging pharmacological effects of PF4 may help deepen the exploration of its mechanism, thus accelerating the development of targeted therapies. However, due to its pleiotropic properties, the development of drugs targeting PF4 is at an early stage and faces many challenges. Herein, we discussed the characteristics and biological functions of PF4, summarized PF4-mediated signaling pathways, and discussed its multiple roles in diseases to inform novel approaches for successful clinical translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyan Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, China; Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Peking University First Hospital, China.
| | - Longtu Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, China; Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - Hanxu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, China; Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaocong Pang
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, China; Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Peking University First Hospital, China
| | - Zhiwei Qiu
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, China; Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Peking University First Hospital, China
| | - Qian Xiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, China; Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Peking University First Hospital, China.
| | - Yimin Cui
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, China; Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Peking University First Hospital, China.
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Pokrajac NT, Tokarew NJA, Gurdita A, Ortin-Martinez A, Wallace VA. Meningeal macrophages inhibit chemokine signaling in pre-tumor cells to suppress mouse medulloblastoma initiation. Dev Cell 2023; 58:2015-2031.e8. [PMID: 37774709 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2023.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
The microenvironment profoundly influences tumor initiation across numerous tissues but remains understudied in brain tumors. In the cerebellum, canonical Wnt signaling controlled by Norrin/Frizzled4 (Fzd4) activation in meningeal endothelial cells is a potent inhibitor of preneoplasia and tumor progression in mouse models of Sonic hedgehog medulloblastoma (Shh-MB). Single-cell transcriptome profiling and phenotyping of the meninges indicate that Norrin/Frizzled4 sustains the activation of meningeal macrophages (mMΦs), characterized by Lyve1 and CXCL4 expression, during the critical preneoplastic period. Depleting mMΦs during this period enhances preneoplasia and tumorigenesis, phenocopying the effects of Norrin loss. The anti-tumorigenic function of mMΦs is derived from the expression of CXCL4, which counters CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling in pre-tumor cells, thereby inhibiting cell-cycle progression and promoting migration away from the pre-tumor niche. These findings identify a pivotal role for mMΦs as key mediators in chemokine-regulated anti-cancer crosstalk between the stroma and pre-tumor cells in the control of MB initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nenad T Pokrajac
- Donald K. Johnson Eye Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Nicholas J A Tokarew
- Donald K. Johnson Eye Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada
| | - Akshay Gurdita
- Donald K. Johnson Eye Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Arturo Ortin-Martinez
- Donald K. Johnson Eye Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Valerie A Wallace
- Donald K. Johnson Eye Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada; Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 3A9, Canada.
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Zhang AZ, Yuan X, Liang WH, Zhang HJ, Li Y, Xie YF, Li JF, Jiang CH, Li FP, Shen XH, Pang LJ, Zou H, Zhou WH, Li F, Hu JM. Immune Infiltration in Gastric Cancer Microenvironment and Its Clinical Significance. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:762029. [PMID: 35252217 PMCID: PMC8893596 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.762029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy has developed rapidly and has gradually become one of the important methods for treatment of gastric cancer (GC). The research on tumor infiltrating immune cells (TIICs) and immune-related genes in the tumor microenvironment (TME) greatly encourages the development of immunotherapy. The devolution algorithm (CIBERSORT) was applied to infer the proportion of 22 TIICs based on gene expression profiles of GC tissues, which were downloaded from TCGA and GEO. TCGA was utilized to analyze the differential expression of immune-related genes, and explore the potential molecular functions of these genes. We have observed the enrichment of multiple TIICs in microenvironment of GC. Some of these cells were closely related to tumor mutational burden (TMB), microsatellite instability (MSI), Fuhrman grade, and TNM staging. Survival analysis showed that the infiltration level of CD8+ T cells, activated CD4+ memory T cells and M2 macrophages were significantly related to the prognosis of GC patients. The functional enrichment analysis of immune-related genes revealed that these genes were mainly associated with cytokine activation and response. Four significant modules were screened by PPI network and 20 key genes were screened from the modules. The expression levels of CALCR and PTH1R are strikingly related to the expression of immune checkpoint and the prognosis of GC patients. The type and number of TIICs in microenvironment of GC, as well as immune-related genes are closely related to tumor progression, and can be used as important indicators for patient prognosis assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- An Zhi Zhang
- Department of Pathology/NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
- Department of Pathology, Jiaxing University Affiliated Women and Children Hospital (Jiaxing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Xin Yuan
- Department of Pathology/NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Wei Hua Liang
- Department of Pathology/NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Hai Jun Zhang
- Department of Pathology/NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Ya Li
- Department of Pathology/NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Yu Fang Xie
- Department of Pathology/NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Jiang Fen Li
- Department of Pathology/NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Chen Hao Jiang
- Department of Pathology/NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Fan Ping Li
- Department of Pathology/NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Xi Hua Shen
- Department of Pathology/NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Li Juan Pang
- Department of Pathology/NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Hong Zou
- Department of Pathology/NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Wen Hu Zhou
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Pathology/NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Ming Hu
- Department of Pathology/NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
- *Correspondence: Jian Ming Hu,
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Circular RNA hsa_circ_0069117 suppresses proliferation and migration of osteosarcoma cells lines via miR-875-3p/PF4V1 axis. J Orthop Surg Res 2022; 17:37. [PMID: 35062989 PMCID: PMC8780401 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-022-02923-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteosarcoma (OS) is one of the most common malignant bone tumors in children and adolescents. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are critical regulators involved in multiple physiological and pathological processes. However, the underlying regulatory mechanisms of circRNA in OS are still not fully understood. Methods The circRNA expression profiles were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and analyzed by GEO2R. Bioinformatics analysis was performed to predict the potential target miRNAs of hsa_circ_0069117 and its downstream mRNAs. The co-expression of hsa_circ_0069117/miR-875-3p/PF4V1 axis was further validated in OS tissue samples via quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Luciferase reporter gene plasmids containing the sequence of PF4V1 and hsa_circ_0069117 were constructed to verify the putative sites of miR-875-3p. Gain/loss-of-function assays were performed to verify the effect of hsa_circ_0069117 on miR-875-3p/PF4V1 expression and related pathways via qRT-PCR and Western blot. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and wound-healing assays were performed to evaluate the effect of hsa_circ_0069117 on cell proliferation and migration of MG63 and U2OS, respectively. Results We identified hsa_circ_0069117 as the most markedly dysregulated circRNA in OS cell lines. Bioinformatics analysis indicated that hsa_circ_0069117 might inhibit the expression of miR-875-3p, thereby promoting the expression of platelet factor 4 variant 1 (PF4V1). The expression of miR-875-3p was negatively correlated to hsa_circ_0069117 and PF4V1 in clinical samples. Luciferase reporter gene assays confirmed the binding sites of miR-875-3p on hsa_circ_0069117 and PF4V1. Gain/loss-of-function and rescue assays further indicated that hsa_circ_0069117 could significantly promote the expression of PF4V1 by sponging miR-875-3p, thereby inhibiting the proliferation and migration of OS cells by suppressing ERK1 and AKT. Conclusion Our study revealed that hsa_circ_0069117 is an anti-OS molecule that could substantially attenuate cell proliferation and migration of OS, which may provide a novel and reliable molecular target for the treatment of OS patients.
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The Chemokine-Based Peptide, CXCL9(74-103), Inhibits Angiogenesis by Blocking Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycan-Mediated Signaling of Multiple Endothelial Growth Factors. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13205090. [PMID: 34680238 PMCID: PMC8534003 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13205090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Major angiogenic growth factors activate downstream signaling cascades by interacting with both receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) and cell surface proteoglycans, such as heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs). As current anti-angiogenesis regimens in cancer are often faced with resistance, alternative therapeutic strategies are highly needed. The aim of our study was to investigate the impact on angiogenic signaling when we interfered with growth factor-HSPG interactions using a CXCL9 chemokine-derived peptide with high affinity for HS. Abstract Growth factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) are important angiogenesis-mediating factors. They exert their effects not only through their respective receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), but they also require molecular pairing with heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs). Angiogenic growth factors and their signaling pathways are commonly targeted in current anti-angiogenic cancer therapies but have unfortunately insufficient impact on patient survival. Considering their obvious role in pathological angiogenesis, HS-targeting drugs have become an appealing new strategy. Therefore, we aimed to reduce angiogenesis through interference with growth factor-HS binding and downstream signaling using a CXCL9-derived peptide with a high affinity for glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), CXCL9(74-103). We showed that CXCL9(74-103) reduced EGF-, VEGF165- and FGF-2-mediated angiogenic processes in vitro, such as endothelial cell proliferation, chemotaxis, adhesion and sprouting, without exerting cell toxicity. CXCL9(74-103) interfered with growth factor signaling in diverse ways, e.g., by diminishing VEGF165 binding to HS and by direct association with FGF-2. The dependency of CXCL9(74-103) on HS for binding to HMVECs and for exerting its anti-angiogenic activity was also demonstrated. In vivo, CXCL9(74-103) attenuated neovascularization in the Matrigel plug assay, the corneal cauterization assay and in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer xenografts. Additionally, CXCL9(74-103) reduced vascular leakage in the retina of diabetic rats. In contrast, CXCL9(86-103), a peptide with low GAG affinity, showed no overall anti-angiogenic activity. Altogether, our results indicate that CXCL9(74-103) reduces angiogenesis by interfering with multiple HS-dependent growth factor signaling pathways.
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De Zutter A, Van Damme J, Struyf S. The Role of Post-Translational Modifications of Chemokines by CD26 in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13174247. [PMID: 34503058 PMCID: PMC8428238 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13174247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemokines are a large family of small chemotactic cytokines that fulfill a central function in cancer. Both tumor-promoting and -impeding roles have been ascribed to chemokines, which they exert in a direct or indirect manner. An important post-translational modification that regulates chemokine activity is the NH2-terminal truncation by peptidases. CD26 is a dipeptidyl peptidase (DPPIV), which typically clips a NH2-terminal dipeptide from the chemokine. With a certain degree of selectivity in terms of chemokine substrate, CD26 only recognizes chemokines with a penultimate proline or alanine. Chemokines can be protected against CD26 recognition by specific amino acid residues within the chemokine structure, by oligomerization or by binding to cellular glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). Upon truncation, the binding affinity for receptors and GAGs is altered, which influences chemokine function. The consequences of CD26-mediated clipping vary, as unchanged, enhanced, and reduced activities are reported. In tumors, CD26 most likely has the most profound effect on CXCL12 and the interferon (IFN)-inducible CXCR3 ligands, which are converted into receptor antagonists upon truncation. Depending on the tumor type, expression of CD26 is upregulated or downregulated and often results in the preferential generation of the chemokine isoform most favorable for tumor progression. Considering the tight relationship between chemokine sequence and chemokine binding specificity, molecules with the appropriate characteristics can be chemically engineered to provide innovative therapeutic strategies in a cancer setting.
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Nording H, Baron L, Haberthür D, Emschermann F, Mezger M, Sauter M, Sauter R, Patzelt J, Knoepp K, Nording A, Meusel M, Meyer-Saraei R, Hlushchuk R, Sedding D, Borst O, Eitel I, Karsten CM, Feil R, Pichler B, Erdmann J, Verschoor A, Chavakis E, Chavakis T, von Hundelshausen P, Köhl J, Gawaz M, Langer HF. The C5a/C5a receptor 1 axis controls tissue neovascularization through CXCL4 release from platelets. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3352. [PMID: 34099640 PMCID: PMC8185003 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23499-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelets contribute to the regulation of tissue neovascularization, although the specific factors underlying this function are unknown. Here, we identified the complement anaphylatoxin C5a-mediated activation of C5a receptor 1 (C5aR1) on platelets as a negative regulatory mechanism of vessel formation. We showed that platelets expressing C5aR1 exert an inhibitory effect on endothelial cell functions such as migration and 2D and 3D tube formation. Growth factor- and hypoxia-driven vascularization was markedly increased in C5ar1-/- mice. Platelet-specific deletion of C5aR1 resulted in a proangiogenic phenotype with increased collateralization, capillarization and improved pericyte coverage. Mechanistically, we found that C5a induced preferential release of CXC chemokine ligand 4 (CXCL4, PF4) from platelets as an important antiangiogenic paracrine effector molecule. Interfering with the C5aR1-CXCL4 axis reversed the antiangiogenic effect of platelets both in vitro and in vivo.In conclusion, we identified a mechanism for the control of tissue neovascularization through C5a/C5aR1 axis activation in platelets and subsequent induction of the antiangiogenic factor CXCL4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Nording
- Cardioimmunology Group, Medical Clinic II, University Heart Center Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany ,grid.452396.f0000 0004 5937 5237DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Lübeck/Kiel, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Lasse Baron
- Cardioimmunology Group, Medical Clinic II, University Heart Center Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - David Haberthür
- grid.5734.50000 0001 0726 5157Institute of Anatomy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Frederic Emschermann
- grid.10392.390000 0001 2190 1447University Hospital, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Matthias Mezger
- Cardioimmunology Group, Medical Clinic II, University Heart Center Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Manuela Sauter
- Cardioimmunology Group, Medical Clinic II, University Heart Center Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Reinhard Sauter
- Cardioimmunology Group, Medical Clinic II, University Heart Center Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Johannes Patzelt
- grid.412468.d0000 0004 0646 2097University Hospital, Medical Clinic II, University Heart Center Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Kai Knoepp
- grid.9018.00000 0001 0679 2801Department of Internal Medicine III, Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Martin-Luther-University Halle (Saale), Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Anne Nording
- grid.10392.390000 0001 2190 1447Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Moritz Meusel
- grid.412468.d0000 0004 0646 2097University Hospital, Medical Clinic II, University Heart Center Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Roza Meyer-Saraei
- grid.452396.f0000 0004 5937 5237DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Lübeck/Kiel, Lübeck, Germany ,grid.412468.d0000 0004 0646 2097University Hospital, Medical Clinic II, University Heart Center Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Ruslan Hlushchuk
- grid.5734.50000 0001 0726 5157Institute of Anatomy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Sedding
- grid.9018.00000 0001 0679 2801Department of Internal Medicine III, Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Martin-Luther-University Halle (Saale), Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Oliver Borst
- grid.10392.390000 0001 2190 1447University Hospital, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ingo Eitel
- grid.452396.f0000 0004 5937 5237DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Lübeck/Kiel, Lübeck, Germany ,grid.412468.d0000 0004 0646 2097University Hospital, Medical Clinic II, University Heart Center Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Christian M. Karsten
- grid.4562.50000 0001 0057 2672Institute for Systemic Inflammation Research, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Robert Feil
- grid.10392.390000 0001 2190 1447Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Bernd Pichler
- grid.10392.390000 0001 2190 1447Institute for Preclinical Imaging, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jeanette Erdmann
- grid.452396.f0000 0004 5937 5237DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Lübeck/Kiel, Lübeck, Germany ,grid.4562.50000 0001 0057 2672Institute for Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Admar Verschoor
- grid.4562.50000 0001 0057 2672Institute for Systemic Inflammation Research, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Emmanouil Chavakis
- grid.411088.40000 0004 0578 8220Department for Internal Medicine III/Cardiology, University Hospital of the Johann-Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Triantafyllos Chavakis
- grid.4488.00000 0001 2111 7257Department of Clinical Pathobiochemistry, Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Medical Faculty, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Philipp von Hundelshausen
- grid.5252.00000 0004 1936 973XInstitute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jörg Köhl
- grid.4562.50000 0001 0057 2672Institute for Systemic Inflammation Research, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany ,grid.239573.90000 0000 9025 8099Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH USA
| | - Meinrad Gawaz
- grid.10392.390000 0001 2190 1447University Hospital, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Harald F. Langer
- Cardioimmunology Group, Medical Clinic II, University Heart Center Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany ,grid.452396.f0000 0004 5937 5237DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Lübeck/Kiel, Lübeck, Germany ,grid.412468.d0000 0004 0646 2097University Hospital, Medical Clinic II, University Heart Center Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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Bikfalvi A, Billottet C. The CC and CXC chemokines: major regulators of tumor progression and the tumor microenvironment. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2020; 318:C542-C554. [PMID: 31913695 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00378.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Chemokines are a family of soluble cytokines that act as chemoattractants to guide the migration of cells, in particular of immune cells. However, chemokines are also involved in cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival. Chemokines are associated with a variety of human diseases including chronic inflammation, immune dysfunction, cancer, and metastasis. This review discusses the expression of CC and CXC chemokines in the tumor microenvironment and their supportive and inhibitory roles in tumor progression, angiogenesis, metastasis, and tumor immunity. We also specially focus on the diverse roles of CXC chemokines (CXCL9-11, CXCL4 and its variant CXCL4L1) and their two chemokine receptor CXCR3 isoforms, CXCR3-A and CXCR3-B. These two distinct isoforms have divergent roles in tumors, either promoting (CXCR3-A) or inhibiting (CXCR3-B) tumor progression. Their effects are mediated not only directly in tumor cells but also indirectly via the regulation of angiogenesis and tumor immunity. A full comprehension of their mechanisms of action is critical to further validate these chemokines and their receptors as biomarkers or therapeutic targets in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Bikfalvi
- INSERM U1029, Pessac, France.,University of Bordeaux, Pessac, France
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Li D, Hao X, Dong Y, Zhang M, Song Y. PF4V1, an miRNA-875-3p target, suppresses cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in prostate cancer and serves as a potential prognostic biomarker. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:2299-2312. [PMID: 30962718 PMCID: PMC6432891 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s187831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background PF4V1 is a novel protein in inflammation, angiogenesis, and cancer. However, the pathogenesis, underlying mechanisms, and the prognostic value of PF4V1 in prostate cancer (PCa) are still unclear. Materials and methods The PF4V1 expression and relation with survival were analyzed based on a large sample size in the Cancer Genome Atlas. In vitro, the overexpression of PF4V1 was conducted in DU145 and LNCaP cells. Cell Counting Kit-8, colony formation, wound healing, and Transwell® assays were preformed to test biological functions of PF4V1 and miR-875-3p in PCa. Western blotting was used to measure downstream markers in AKT pathways and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). In vivo experiments were performed to test the therapeutic effect of PF4V1 protein to PCa via a mouse model. Results The expression of PF4V1 was significantly lower in 497 PCa samples than in 52 normal controls (P=0.0012). High PF4V1 expression (normalized by TP53) was associated with poor disease-free survival (DFS) and good overall survival (OS) in PCa (P<0.05). PF4V1 was underexpressed in four PCa cell lines than in normal prostate cells. Overexpression of PF4V1 could significantly suppress the proliferation, migration, and invasion of DU145 and LNCaP cells (P<0.05). Moreover, miR-875-3p targeted the 3′-untranslated region of PF4V1 and derepressed the inhibitory function of PF4V1 in PCa (P<0.05). Key proteins such as p-AKT/p-ERK/Snail/Slug/N-cadherin were downregulated, while E-cadherin was upregulated when PF4V1 was overexpressed in PCa cells. Finally, intratumoral injection of PF4V1 protein could significantly inhibit PCa growth in vivo. Conclusion PF4V1 can suppress the proliferation, migration, and invasion of PCa cells by regulating AKT/ERK pathways and EMT. Elevated PF4V1/TP53 expression is correlated with poorer DFS and better OS in the patients with PCa. The miR-875-3p-PF4V1 axis may be a new therapeutic target site in PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyang Li
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China, ;
| | - Xuanyu Hao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Yudi Dong
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Medical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Benxi, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Mo Zhang
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China, ;
| | - Yongsheng Song
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China, ;
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10
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Zhang M, Guan J, Huo YL, Song YS, Chen LZ. Downregulation of serum CXCL4L1 predicts progression and poor prognosis in prostate cancer patients treated by radical prostatectomy. Asian J Androl 2019; 21:387-392. [PMID: 30860083 PMCID: PMC6628731 DOI: 10.4103/aja.aja_117_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous study found that plate factor-4 variant (CXCL4L1) was downregulated in the serum of patients with prostate cancer (PCa). The aim of the present study was to investigate the prognostic value of CXCL4L1 in PCa. In total, 213 PCa patients treated with radical prostatectomy were enrolled and peripheral blood samples of all patients were collected. Expression of serum CXCL4L1 in patients with different tumor stages and grades were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The Kaplan–Meier method was applied to estimate the progression to castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), metastasis, biochemical recurrence (BCR)-free survival, and overall survival (OS). Prognostic factors for BCR-free survival and OS were determined by univariate and multivariate analyses using the Cox proportional hazards regression model. The expression of CXCL4L1 was significantly lower in PCa patients with advanced pathological tumor stage, high-grade Gleason score, and metastasis. Moreover, downregulation of CXCL4L1 not only strongly correlated with aggressive clinicopathological features, but also predicted tumor progression and unfavorable outcomes. Finally, multivariate Cox regression analyses identified CXCL4L1 as an independent prognostic factor for both BCR-free survival (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.03, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.26–3.27; P = 0.004) and OS (HR: 2.26, 95% CI: 1.07–4.79; P = 0.033). In conclusion, our results indicate that CXCL4L1 might serve as a novel and promising prognostic biomarker for patients with PCa and potential therapeutic target in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mo Zhang
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Johnny Guan
- Department of Urology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Yun-Long Huo
- Department of Pathology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Yong-Sheng Song
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Li-Zhu Chen
- Department of Ultrasound, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
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11
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Surgical trauma contributes to progression of colon cancer by downregulating CXCL4 and recruiting MDSCs. Exp Cell Res 2018; 370:692-698. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2018.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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12
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Ruytinx P, Proost P, Struyf S. CXCL4 and CXCL4L1 in cancer. Cytokine 2018; 109:65-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2018.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Revised: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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13
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Jian J, Pang Y, Yan HH, Min Y, Achyut BR, Hollander MC, Lin PC, Liang X, Yang L. Platelet factor 4 is produced by subsets of myeloid cells in premetastatic lung and inhibits tumor metastasis. Oncotarget 2018; 8:27725-27739. [PMID: 27223426 PMCID: PMC5438604 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow-derived myeloid cells can form a premetastatic niche and provide a tumor-promoting microenvironment. However, subsets of myeloid cells have also been reported to have anti-tumor properties. It is not clear whether there is a transition between anti- and pro- tumor function of these myeloid cells, and if so, what are the underlying molecular mechanisms. Here we report platelet factor 4 (PF4), or CXCL4, but not the other family members CXCL9, 10, and 11, was produced at higher levels in the normal lung and early stage premetastatic lungs but decreased in later stage lungs. PF4 was mostly produced by Ly6G+CD11b+ myeloid cell subset. Although the number of Ly6G+CD11b+ cells was increased in the premetastatic lungs, the expression level of PF4 in these cells was decreased during the metastatic progression. Deletion of PF4 (PF4 knockout or KO mice) led an increased metastasis suggesting an inhibitory function of PF4. There were two underlying mechanisms: decreased blood vessel integrity in the premetastatic lungs and increased production of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSCs) and myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in tumor-bearing PF4 KO mice. In cancer patients, PF4 expression levels were negatively correlated with tumor stage and positively correlated with patient survival. Our studies suggest that PF4 is a critical anti-tumor factor in the premetastatic site. Our finding of PF4 function in the tumor host provides new insight to the mechanistic understanding of tumor metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Jian
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Yanli Pang
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Current address: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - H Hannah Yan
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yongfen Min
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Bhagelu R Achyut
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Tumor Angiogenesis Laboratory, Cancer Center, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - M Christine Hollander
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - P Charles Lin
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Xinhua Liang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Li Yang
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
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14
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Flores RJ, Kelly AJ, Li Y, Chen X, McGee C, Krailo M, Barkauskas DA, Hicks J, Man TK. The prognostic significance of circulating serum amyloid A and CXC chemokine ligand 4 in osteosarcoma. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2017; 64:10.1002/pbc.26659. [PMID: 28544777 PMCID: PMC5695860 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.26659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Revised: 04/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common pediatric bone cancer. Despite advances in treatment regimens, the survival rate remains 60-70%. There is an urgent need to identify prognostic biomarkers, so that targeted therapies can be developed to improve the outcome. PROCEDURE Our laboratory has previously identified that circulating serum amyloid A (SAA) and CXC chemokine ligand 4 (CXCL4) are upregulated in patients with OS. In this study, we tested if they could be used as prognostic biomarkers. We used enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays to measure their concentrations in serum samples (n = 233) and immunohistochemistry to examine their expressions in primary tumors (n = 37). Prognostic significance of the serum concentrations and tumor expressions of the biomarkers was then evaluated. RESULTS Patients with "high SAA" and "low CXCL4" circulating levels at diagnosis significantly correlated with a worse outcome (HR = 1.68, P = 0.014), which was independent of the metastatic status. These patients also exhibited a significantly higher rate of poor histologic response to chemotherapy. Furthermore, low tumor expression of CXCL4 correlated with poor survival (HR = 3.57, P = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that circulating SAA and CXCL4 may serve as prognostic biomarkers in OS. Targeting CXCL4 has been reported, suggesting that it may be exploited as a therapeutic target in OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo J. Flores
- Texas Children’s Cancer and Hematology Centers, Texas Children’s Hospital. 6701 Fannin St., Houston, TX 77030,Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine. One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030,Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine. One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Aaron J. Kelly
- Texas Children’s Cancer and Hematology Centers, Texas Children’s Hospital. 6701 Fannin St., Houston, TX 77030,Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine. One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030,Program of Structural and Computational Biology and Molecular Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine. One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Yiting Li
- Texas Children’s Cancer and Hematology Centers, Texas Children’s Hospital. 6701 Fannin St., Houston, TX 77030,Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine. One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Xiang Chen
- Texas Children’s Cancer and Hematology Centers, Texas Children’s Hospital. 6701 Fannin St., Houston, TX 77030,Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine. One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Colin McGee
- Texas Children’s Cancer and Hematology Centers, Texas Children’s Hospital. 6701 Fannin St., Houston, TX 77030
| | - Mark Krailo
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California. 1975 Zonal Ave., Los Angeles, CA 90033,Children’s Oncology Group. 222 E. Huntington Drive, Suite 100, Monrovia, CA 91016
| | - Donald A. Barkauskas
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California. 1975 Zonal Ave., Los Angeles, CA 90033,Children’s Oncology Group. 222 E. Huntington Drive, Suite 100, Monrovia, CA 91016
| | - John Hicks
- Department of Pathology, Baylor College of Medicine. One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Tsz-Kwong Man
- Texas Children’s Cancer and Hematology Centers, Texas Children’s Hospital. 6701 Fannin St., Houston, TX 77030,Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine. One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030,Program of Structural and Computational Biology and Molecular Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine. One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030,Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine. One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030
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15
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Vanheule V, Boff D, Mortier A, Janssens R, Petri B, Kolaczkowska E, Kubes P, Berghmans N, Struyf S, Kungl AJ, Teixeira MM, Amaral FA, Proost P. CXCL9-Derived Peptides Differentially Inhibit Neutrophil Migration In Vivo through Interference with Glycosaminoglycan Interactions. Front Immunol 2017; 8:530. [PMID: 28539925 PMCID: PMC5423902 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Several acute and chronic inflammatory diseases are driven by accumulation of activated leukocytes due to enhanced chemokine expression. In addition to specific G protein-coupled receptor-dependent signaling, chemokine-glycosaminoglycan (GAG) interactions are important for chemokine activity in vivo. Therefore, the GAG-chemokine interaction has been explored as target for inhibition of chemokine activity. It was demonstrated that CXCL9(74-103) binds with high affinity to GAGs, competed with active chemokines for GAG binding and thereby inhibited CXCL8- and monosodium urate (MSU) crystal-induced neutrophil migration to joints. To evaluate the affinity and specificity of the COOH-terminal part of CXCL9 toward different GAGs in detail, we chemically synthesized several COOH-terminal CXCL9 peptides including the shorter CXCL9(74-93). Compared to CXCL9(74-103), CXCL9(74-93) showed equally high affinity for heparin and heparan sulfate (HS), but lower affinity for binding to chondroitin sulfate (CS) and cellular GAGs. Correspondingly, both peptides competed with equal efficiency for CXCL8 binding to heparin and HS but not to cellular GAGs. In addition, differences in anti-inflammatory activity between both peptides were detected in vivo. CXCL8-induced neutrophil migration to the peritoneal cavity and to the knee joint were inhibited with similar potency by intravenous or intraperitoneal injection of CXCL9(74-103) or CXCL9(74-93), but not by CXCL9(86-103). In contrast, neutrophil extravasation in the MSU crystal-induced gout model, in which multiple chemoattractants are induced, was not affected by CXCL9(74-93). This could be explained by (1) the lower affinity of CXCL9(74-93) for CS, the most abundant GAG in joints, and (2) by reduced competition with GAG binding of CXCL1, the most abundant ELR+ CXC chemokine in this gout model. Mechanistically we showed by intravital microscopy that fluorescent CXCL9(74-103) coats the vessel wall in vivo and that CXCL9(74-103) inhibits CXCL8-induced adhesion of neutrophils to the vessel wall in the murine cremaster muscle model. Thus, both affinity and specificity of chemokines and the peptides for different GAGs and the presence of specific GAGs in different tissues will determine whether competition can occur. In summary, both CXCL9 peptides inhibited neutrophil migration in vivo through interference with GAG interactions in several animal models. Shortening CXCL9(74-103) from the COOH-terminus limited its GAG-binding spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Vanheule
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Daiane Boff
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofisica, Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Anneleen Mortier
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rik Janssens
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Björn Petri
- Mouse Phenomics Resource Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Elzbieta Kolaczkowska
- Department of Evolutionary Immunology, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Paul Kubes
- Immunology Research Group, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Nele Berghmans
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sofie Struyf
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Andreas J. Kungl
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Karl-Franzens Universität, Graz, Austria
| | - Mauro Martins Teixeira
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofisica, Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Flavio Almeida Amaral
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofisica, Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Paul Proost
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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16
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Dinsart C, Pervolaraki K, Stroh-Dege A, Lavie M, Ronsse I, Rommelaere J, Van Damme J, Van Raemdonck K, Struyf S. Recombinant Parvoviruses Armed to Deliver CXCL4L1 and CXCL10 Are Impaired in Their Antiangiogenic and Antitumoral Effects in a Kaposi Sarcoma Tumor Model Due To the Chemokines' Interference with the Virus Cycle. Hum Gene Ther 2016; 28:295-306. [PMID: 28042949 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2016.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Application of oncolytic viruses is a valuable option to broaden the armament of anticancer therapies, as these combine specific cytotoxic effects and immune-stimulating properties. The self-replicating H-1 parvovirus (H-1PV) is a prototypical oncolytic virus that, besides targeting tumor cells, also infects endothelial cells, thus combining oncolytic and angiostatic traits. To increase its therapeutic value, H-1PV can be armed with cytokines or chemokines to enhance the immunological response. Some chemokines-more specifically, the CXCR3 ligands CXCL4L1 and CXCL10-combine immune-stimulating properties with angiostatic activity. This study explores the therapeutic value of recombinant parvoviruses carrying CXCL4L1 or CXCL10 transgenes (Chi-H1/CXCL4L1 or Chi-H1/CXCL10, respectively) to inhibit the growth of the human Kaposi sarcoma cell line KS-IMM. KS-IMM cells infected by Chi-H1/CXCL4L1 or Chi-H1/CXCL10 released the corresponding chemokine and showed reduced migratory capacity. Therefore, the antitumoral capacity of Chi-H1/CXCL4L1 or Chi-H1/CXCL10 was tested in mice. Either in vitro infected KS-IMM cells were injected or subcutaneously growing KS-IMM xenografts were treated by peritumoral injections of the different viruses. Surprisingly, the transgenes did not increase the antitumoral effect of natural H-1PV. Further experiments indicated that CXCL4L1 and CXCL10 interfered with the expression of the viral NS1 protein in KS-IMM cells. These results indicate that the outcome of parvovirus-based delivery of CXCR3 ligands might be tumor cell type dependent, and hence its application must be considered carefully.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiane Dinsart
- 1 Division of Tumor Virology, German Cancer Research Center , Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kalliopi Pervolaraki
- 1 Division of Tumor Virology, German Cancer Research Center , Heidelberg, Germany.,2 Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, Rega Institute for Medical Research , Leuven, Belgium
| | - Alexandra Stroh-Dege
- 1 Division of Tumor Virology, German Cancer Research Center , Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Muriel Lavie
- 1 Division of Tumor Virology, German Cancer Research Center , Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Isabelle Ronsse
- 2 Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, Rega Institute for Medical Research , Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jean Rommelaere
- 1 Division of Tumor Virology, German Cancer Research Center , Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jo Van Damme
- 2 Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, Rega Institute for Medical Research , Leuven, Belgium
| | - Katrien Van Raemdonck
- 2 Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, Rega Institute for Medical Research , Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sofie Struyf
- 2 Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, Rega Institute for Medical Research , Leuven, Belgium
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17
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Gene expression profiling of breast cancer in Lebanese women. Sci Rep 2016; 6:36639. [PMID: 27857161 PMCID: PMC5114572 DOI: 10.1038/srep36639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is commonest cancer in women worldwide. Elucidation of underlying biology and molecular pathways is necessary for improving therapeutic options and clinical outcomes. Molecular alterations in breast cancer are complex and involve cross-talk between multiple signaling pathways. The aim of this study is to extract a unique mRNA fingerprint of breast cancer in Lebanese women using microarray technologies. Gene-expression profiles of 94 fresh breast tissue samples (84 cancerous/10 non-tumor adjacent samples) were analyzed using GeneChip Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 arrays. Quantitative real-time PCR was employed to validate candidate genes. Differentially expressed genes between breast cancer and non-tumor tissues were screened. Significant differences in gene expression were established for COL11A1/COL10A1/MMP1/COL6A6/DLK1/S100P/CXCL11/SOX11/LEP/ADIPOQ/OXTR/FOSL1/ACSBG1 and C21orf37. Pathways/diseases representing these genes were retrieved and linked using PANTHER®/Pathway Studio®. Many of the deregulated genes are associated with extracellular matrix, inflammation, angiogenesis, metastasis, differentiation, cell proliferation and tumorigenesis. Characteristics of breast cancers in Lebanese were compared to those of women from Western populations to explain why breast cancer is more aggressive and presents a decade earlier in Lebanese victims. Delineating molecular mechanisms of breast cancer in Lebanese women led to key genes which could serve as potential biomarkers and/or novel drug targets for breast cancer.
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18
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Quemener C, Baud J, Boyé K, Dubrac A, Billottet C, Soulet F, Darlot F, Dumartin L, Sire M, Grepin R, Daubon T, Rayne F, Wodrich H, Couvelard A, Pineau R, Schilling M, Castronovo V, Sue SC, Clarke K, Lomri A, Khatib AM, Hagedorn M, Prats H, Bikfalvi A. Dual Roles for CXCL4 Chemokines and CXCR3 in Angiogenesis and Invasion of Pancreatic Cancer. Cancer Res 2016; 76:6507-6519. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-15-2864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Revised: 07/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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19
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Vanheule V, Vervaeke P, Mortier A, Noppen S, Gouwy M, Snoeck R, Andrei G, Van Damme J, Liekens S, Proost P. Basic chemokine-derived glycosaminoglycan binding peptides exert antiviral properties against dengue virus serotype 2, herpes simplex virus-1 and respiratory syncytial virus. Biochem Pharmacol 2015; 100:73-85. [PMID: 26551597 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2015.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Chemokines attract leukocytes to sites of infection in a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) dependent manner. Therefore, chemokines are crucial molecules for proper functioning of our antimicrobial defense mechanisms. In addition, some chemokines have GPCR-independent defensin-like antimicrobial activities against bacteria and fungi. Recently, high affinity for GAGs has been reported for the positively charged COOH-terminal region of the chemokine CXCL9. In addition to CXCL9, also CXCL12γ has such a positively charged COOH-terminal region with about 50% positively charged amino acids. In this report, we compared the affinity of COOH-terminal peptides of CXCL9 and CXCL12γ for GAGs and KD values in the low nM range were detected. Several enveloped viruses such as herpesviruses, hepatitis viruses, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), dengue virus (DENV), etc. are known to bind to GAGs such as the negatively charged heparan sulfate (HS). In this way GAGs are important for the initial contacts between viruses and host cells and for the infection of the cell. Thus, inhibiting the virus-cell interactions, by blocking GAG-binding sites on the host cell, might be a way to target multiple virus families and resistant strains. This article reports that the COOH-terminal peptides of CXCL9 and CXCL12γ have antiviral activity against DENV serotype 2, clinical and laboratory strains of herpes simplex virus (HSV)-1 and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Moreover, we show that CXCL9(74-103) competes with DENV envelope protein domain III for binding to heparin. These short chemokine-derived peptides may be lead molecules for the development of novel antiviral agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Vanheule
- KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Peter Vervaeke
- KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Anneleen Mortier
- KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Sam Noppen
- KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Mieke Gouwy
- KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Robert Snoeck
- KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Graciela Andrei
- KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Jo Van Damme
- KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Sandra Liekens
- KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Paul Proost
- KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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20
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Yu KD, Wang X, Yang C, Zeng XH, Shao ZM. Host genotype and tumor phenotype of chemokine decoy receptors integrally affect breast cancer relapse. Oncotarget 2015; 6:26519-27. [PMID: 26314842 PMCID: PMC4694919 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2015] [Accepted: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Chemokines may play vital roles in breast cancer progression and metastasis. The primary members of chemokine decoy receptors (CDR), DARC and D6, are expressed in breast tumors and lymphatic/hematogenous vessels. CDRs sequestrate the pro-malignant chemokines. We hypothesized that breast cancer patients carrying different levels of CDR expression in tumor and/or in host might have differing clinical outcomes. METHODS This prospective observational study measured both expression and germline genotype of DARC and D6 in 463 primary breast cancer patients enrolled between 2004 and 2006. The endpoint was breast cancer relapse-free survival (RFS). RESULTS There was a significant association between the co-expression of CDR (immunohistochemical expression of both DARC and D6) with RFS (hazard ratio [HR] of 0.32, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.19 to 0.54). Furthermore, the co-genotype of two non-synonymous polymorphisms (with two major alleles of DARC-rs12075 and D6-rs2228468 versus the others) significantly related to relapse. Mechanistically, the variant-alleles of these two polymorphisms significantly decreased by 20-30% of CCL2/CCL5 (CDR ligands) levels relative to their major counterparts. Multivariate analysis highlighted that the co-expression and co-genotype of CDR were independent predictors of RFS, with HR of 0.46 (95% CI 0.27 to 0.80) and 0.56 (95% CI 0.37 to 0.85), respectively. The addition of host CDR genetic information to tumor-based factors (including co-expression of CDR) improved the relapse prediction ability (P = 0.02 of AUC comparison). CONCLUSION The host genotype and tumor phenotype of CDR integrally affect breast cancer relapse. Host-related factors should be considered for individualized prediction of prognosis.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/mortality
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Breast Neoplasms/therapy
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Chemokine CCL2/metabolism
- Chemokine CCL5/metabolism
- Chi-Square Distribution
- Disease-Free Survival
- Duffy Blood-Group System/genetics
- Female
- Gene Frequency
- Genetic Predisposition to Disease
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry
- Kaplan-Meier Estimate
- Middle Aged
- Multivariate Analysis
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local
- Phenotype
- Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
- Proportional Hazards Models
- Prospective Studies
- Receptors, CCR10/genetics
- Receptors, Cell Surface/genetics
- Receptors, Chemokine/genetics
- Receptors, Chemokine/metabolism
- Risk Assessment
- Risk Factors
- Time Factors
- Transfection
- Treatment Outcome
- Chemokine Receptor D6
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Da Yu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shanghai Cancer Center and Cancer Institute, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Cancer Center and Cancer Institute, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Chen Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Hua Zeng
- Department of Breast Surgery, Chongqing Cancer Institute/Hospital, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Ming Shao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shanghai Cancer Center and Cancer Institute, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
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Vanheule V, Janssens R, Boff D, Kitic N, Berghmans N, Ronsse I, Kungl AJ, Amaral FA, Teixeira MM, Van Damme J, Proost P, Mortier A. The Positively Charged COOH-terminal Glycosaminoglycan-binding CXCL9(74-103) Peptide Inhibits CXCL8-induced Neutrophil Extravasation and Monosodium Urate Crystal-induced Gout in Mice. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:21292-304. [PMID: 26183778 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.649855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The ELR(-)CXC chemokine CXCL9 is characterized by a long, highly positively charged COOH-terminal region, absent in most other chemokines. Several natural leukocyte- and fibroblast-derived COOH-terminally truncated CXCL9 forms missing up to 30 amino acids were identified. To investigate the role of the COOH-terminal region of CXCL9, several COOH-terminal peptides were chemically synthesized. These peptides display high affinity for glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and compete with functional intact chemokines for GAG binding, the longest peptide (CXCL9(74-103)) being the most potent. The COOH-terminal peptide CXCL9(74-103) does not signal through or act as an antagonist for CXCR3, the G protein-coupled CXCL9 receptor, and does not influence neutrophil chemotactic activity of CXCL8 in vitro. Based on the GAG binding data, an anti-inflammatory role for CXCL9(74-103) was further evidenced in vivo. Simultaneous intravenous injection of CXCL9(74-103) with CXCL8 injection in the joint diminished CXCL8-induced neutrophil extravasation. Analogously, monosodium urate crystal-induced neutrophil migration to the tibiofemural articulation, a murine model of gout, is highly reduced by intravenous injection of CXCL9(74-103). These data show that chemokine-derived peptides with high affinity for GAGs may be used as anti-inflammatory peptides; by competing with active chemokines for binding and immobilization on GAGs, these peptides may lower chemokine presentation on the endothelium and disrupt the generation of a chemokine gradient, thereby preventing a chemokine from properly performing its chemotactic function. The CXCL9 peptide may serve as a lead molecule for further development of inhibitors of inflammation based on interference with chemokine-GAG interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Vanheule
- From the Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rik Janssens
- From the Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Daiane Boff
- the Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofisica, Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil, and
| | - Nikola Kitic
- the Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Karl-Franzes Universität, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Nele Berghmans
- From the Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Isabelle Ronsse
- From the Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Andreas J Kungl
- the Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Karl-Franzes Universität, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Flavio Almeida Amaral
- the Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofisica, Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil, and
| | - Mauro Martins Teixeira
- the Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofisica, Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil, and
| | - Jo Van Damme
- From the Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Paul Proost
- From the Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium,
| | - Anneleen Mortier
- From the Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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