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Yazaki S, Chiba Y, Kojima Y, Yoshida H, Takamizawa S, Kitadai R, Saito A, Kita S, Yamamoto K, Sumiyoshi-Okuma H, Nishikawa T, Sudo K, Shimoi T, Noguchi E, Uno M, Ishikawa M, Kato T, Fujiwara Y, Yonemori K. Folate Receptor Alpha Expression and the Tumor Immune Microenvironment in Patients with Cervical Cancer. Int J Gynecol Pathol 2024:00004347-990000000-00174. [PMID: 38914017 DOI: 10.1097/pgp.0000000000001051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Folate receptor α (FRα) is a cell-surface protein and an attractive target for cancer treatment. We investigated the association between FRα expression and the tumor immune microenvironment in patients with cervical cancer. We examined whole tumor sections of 123 patients with cervical cancer: 67 and 56 sections of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and non-SCC, respectively. FRα expression was assessed using immunohistochemical staining with the anti-FRα monoclonal antibody clone 26B3. Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression was assessed using a combined positive score (CPS). The intratumoral CD3 and CD8 cell densities were calculated as the average number of positive cells in five independent areas. FRα-positivity was identified in 72.4% of the patients, and it differed by histology (SCC vs. non-SCC; 55.2% vs. 92.9%, P<0.001). PD-L1 status was positive (CPS ≥1) in 75.6% and was more commonly expressed in patients with SCC (SCC vs. non-SCC; 83.5% vs. 66.1%, P=0.02). FRα expression had a weak correlation with PD-L1 expression (r=-0.22, P<0.001) and CD8-positive cells (r=-0.19, P=0.03). FRα-positivity was more frequently observed in the PD-L1 CPS <10 group than in the PD-L1 CPS ≥10 group (81% vs. 64%, P=0.03). FRα-high was significantly associated with poor prognosis, especially in the PD-L1 CPS ≥10 groups (hazard ratio: 4.10, 95% confidence interval: 1.39-12.06, P=0.01). In conclusion, FRα expression was higher in patients with cervical cancer and PD-L1 CPS <10 than in those with CPS ≥10. Targeting FRα expression may be a potential therapeutic strategy for cervical cancer patients with low or negative PD-L1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Yazaki
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yohei Chiba
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Kojima
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yoshida
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Rui Kitadai
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ayumi Saito
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shousuke Kita
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kasumi Yamamoto
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Tadaaki Nishikawa
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuki Sudo
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsunori Shimoi
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Emi Noguchi
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaya Uno
- Department of Gynecology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsuya Ishikawa
- Department of Gynecology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoyasu Kato
- Department of Gynecology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Fujiwara
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kan Yonemori
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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2
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Tu YP, Hanze E, Zhu F, Lagraauw HM, Sloss CM, Method M, Esteves B, Westin EH, Berkenblit A. Population pharmacokinetics of mirvetuximab soravtansine in patients with folate receptor-α positive ovarian cancer: The antibody-drug conjugate, payload and metabolite. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2024; 90:568-581. [PMID: 37872122 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.15937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Mirvetuximab soravtansine is a first-in-class antibody-drug conjugate recently approved for the treatment of folate receptor-α positive ovarian cancer. The aim of this study was to develop a population pharmacokinetic model to describe the concentration-time profiles of mirvetuximab soravtansine, the payload (DM4) and a metabolite (S-methyl-DM4). METHODS Mirvetuximab soravtansine was administered intravenously from 0.15 to 7 mg/kg to 543 patients with predominantly platinum-resistant ovarian cancer in 3 clinical studies, and the plasma drug concentrations were analysed using a nonlinear mixed-effects modelling approach. Stepwise covariate modelling was performed to identify covariates. RESULTS We developed a semi-mechanistic population pharmacokinetic model that included linear and nonlinear routes for the elimination of mirvetuximab soravtansine and a target compartment for the formation and disposition of the payload and metabolite in tumour cells. The clearance and volume of the central compartment were 0.0153 L/h and 2.63 L for mirvetuximab soravtansine, 8.83 L/h and 3.67 L for DM4, and 2.04 L/h and 6.3 L for S-methyl-DM4, respectively. Body weight, serum albumin and age were identified as statistically significant covariates. Exposures in patients with renal or hepatic impairment and who used concomitant cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4 inhibitors were estimated. CONCLUSION There is no need for dose adjustment due to covariate effects for mirvetuximab soravtansine administered at the recommended dose of 6 mg/kg based on adjusted ideal body weight. Dose adjustment is not required for patients with mild or moderate renal impairment, mild hepatic impairment, or when concomitant weak and moderate CYP3A4 inhibitors are used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ping Tu
- Clinical Pharmacology, ImmunoGen, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Fengying Zhu
- Bioanalysis, ImmunoGen, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Callum M Sloss
- Translational Science, ImmunoGen, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Michael Method
- Clinical Development, ImmunoGen, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Brooke Esteves
- Clinical Development, ImmunoGen, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Eric H Westin
- Clinical Development, ImmunoGen, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Anna Berkenblit
- Clinical Development, ImmunoGen, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA
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Fang PW, Lin YC, Fan SY, Panja A, Xu SQ, Lee SH, Tan KT. Protein-Labeling Fluorescent Probe for Folate Receptor α. Anal Chem 2023; 95:11535-11541. [PMID: 37479992 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c02215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
GPI-anchored folate receptor α (FRα) is an attractive anticancer drug target and diagnosis marker in fundamental biology and medical research due to its significant expression on many cancer cells. Currently, analyses of FRα expression levels are usually achieved using immunological methods. Due to the continual FRα synthesis and degradation, immunological methods are not suitable for studying real-time dynamic activities of FRα in living cells. In this paper, we introduce a rapid and specific FRα protein-labeling fluorescent probe, FR1, to facilitate the study of the dynamics of expression and degradation processes of endogenous FRα in living cells. With this labeling probe, insights on FRα protein lifetime and shedding from the cell surface can be obtained using fluorescence live-cell imaging and electrophoresis techniques. We revealed that FRα undergoes soluble domain release and endocytosis degradation simultaneously. Imaging results showed that most of the membrane FRα are transported to the lysosomes after 2 h of incubation. Furthermore, we also showed that the secretion of a FRα soluble domain into the environment is most likely accomplished by phospholipase. We believe that this protein-labeling approach can be an important tool for analyzing various dynamic processes involving FRα.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pin-Wen Fang
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101 Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yu-Chun Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101 Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Syuan-Yun Fan
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101 Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Avijit Panja
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101 Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Shun-Qiang Xu
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101 Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Szu-Hsien Lee
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101 Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Kui-Thong Tan
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, 101 Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, 101 Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan, Republic of China
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4
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Varaganti P, Buddolla V, Lakshmi BA, Kim YJ. Recent advances in using folate receptor 1 (FOLR1) for cancer diagnosis and treatment, with an emphasis on cancers that affect women. Life Sci 2023:121802. [PMID: 37244363 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
A glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored glycoprotein called the folate receptor 1 (FOLR1) facilitates the transportation of folate by mediating receptor-mediated endocytosis in response to ligand binding. While FOLR1 expression is typically restricted to the apical surfaces of the epithelium in the lung, kidney, and choroid plexus in healthy people, it is overexpressed in a number of solid tumours, including high-grade osteosarcoma, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, and non-small cell lung cancer. As a result, FOLR1 has become an attractive target for cancer detection and therapy, particularly for cancers that affect women. A number of methods have been developed to target FOLR1 in cancer therapy, including the development of FOLR1-targeted imaging agents for cancer diagnosis and the use of folate conjugates to deliver cytotoxic agents to cancer cells that overexpress FOLR1. Therefore, we focus on the most recent developments in employing FOLR1 for cancer diagnosis and treatment in this review, particularly with regard to cancers that affect women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavitra Varaganti
- Dr. Buddolla's Institute of Life Sciences, Tirupati 517506, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Viswanath Buddolla
- Dr. Buddolla's Institute of Life Sciences, Tirupati 517506, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Buddolla Anantha Lakshmi
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnam-Daero, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-Do 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Joon Kim
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnam-Daero, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-Do 13120, Republic of Korea.
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5
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The New Frontier of Immunotherapy: Chimeric Antigen Receptor T (CAR-T) Cell and Macrophage (CAR-M) Therapy against Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15051597. [PMID: 36900394 PMCID: PMC10000829 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15051597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer represents one of the most common tumor histologies. To date, based on the specific histotype, different therapeutic strategies, including immunotherapies, capable of prolonging survival are used. More recently, the astonishing results that were obtained from CAR-T cell therapy in haematological neoplasms led to the application of this new therapeutic strategy in solid tumors as well. Our article will deal with chimeric antigen receptor-based immunotherapy (CAR-T cell and CAR-M therapy) in breast cancer.
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6
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Wang Y, Li Q, Zhao R, Wang JY, Wang Y, Lin W, Yuan Z, Zhang J, Fadare O, Wang Y, Zheng W. Fallopian tubal histogenesis of ovarian endometriosis-A study of folate receptor-alpha expression. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1138690. [PMID: 36936232 PMCID: PMC10017500 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1138690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Ovary is a common organ site involved by endometriosis. We previously found that fallopian tube may contribute to the histogenesis of ovarian endometriosis. The finding was novel and requires further studies. We addressed this issue by examining a differentially expressed gene folate receptor alpha (FOLR1) and its protein (FRA) in this study. Results A total of 144 tissue samples were studied. These included 32-paired tubal-endometrial-ovarian endometriosis samples (n = 96), 18 samples of ovarian endometriosis without corresponding fallopian tube or endometrium, and 30 ovarian tissue samples with ovarian surface epithelia but without endometriosis. Multiple comparisons among groups of ovarian endometriosis, normal fallopian tube and benign endometrium were performed. FOLR1 was highly expressed in the epithelia of fallopian tube and ovarian endometriosis, with paired endometrial samples showing a significantly lower level of expression. Similar differential studies for FRA protein were performed through Western blot and immunohistochemistry (IHC). The expression of folate receptor alpha at both mRNA and protein levels in the tissues (fallopian tube or ovarian endometriosis vs. the endometrium) were significantly different (p < 0.001). All ovarian surface mesothelial epithelia showed negative expression of FRA by IHC. Conclusion The results further support that the fallopian tube may contribute to the development of ovarian endometriosis. Understanding the tubal contribution to ovarian endometriosis should ultimately contribute to ongoing investigative efforts aimed at identifying alternative ways to prevent and treat endometriosis. High level of FRA expression in the fallopian tube and endometriosis might be considered as potential tissue sites for targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiying Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Henan University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yiying Wang,
| | - Qiyan Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Henan University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Henan University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ruijiao Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Henan University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jerry Y. Wang
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Wanrun Lin
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Zeng Yuan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Shandong, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences, University at Albany, SUNY, Albany, NY, United States
| | - Oluwole Fadare
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Henan University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- Yue Wang,
| | - Wenxin Zheng
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
- Department of Pathology, Harold C Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center at University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
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7
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Pauwels MJ, Xie J, Ceroi A, Balusu S, Castelein J, Van Wonterghem E, Van Imschoot G, Ward A, Menheniott TR, Gustafsson O, Combes F, El Andaloussi S, Sanders NN, Mäger I, Van Hoecke L, Vandenbroucke RE. Choroid plexus-derived extracellular vesicles exhibit brain targeting characteristics. Biomaterials 2022; 290:121830. [PMID: 36302306 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The brain is protected against invading organisms and other unwanted substances by tightly regulated barriers. However, these central nervous system (CNS) barriers impede the delivery of drugs into the brain via the blood circulation and are therefore considered major hurdles in the treatment of neurological disorders. Consequently, there is a high need for efficient delivery systems that are able to cross these strict barriers. While most research focuses on the blood-brain barrier (BBB), the design of drug delivery platforms that are able to cross the blood-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) barrier, formed by a single layer of choroid plexus epithelial cells, remains a largely unexplored domain. The discovery that extracellular vesicles (EVs) make up a natural mechanism for information transfer between cells and across cell layers, has stimulated interest in their potential use as drug delivery platform. Here, we report that choroid plexus epithelial cell-derived EVs exhibit the capacity to home to the brain after peripheral administration. Moreover, these vesicles are able to functionally deliver cargo into the brain. Our findings underline the therapeutic potential of choroid plexus-derived EVs as a brain drug delivery vehicle via targeting of the blood-CSF interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie J Pauwels
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, 9052, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Junhua Xie
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, 9052, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Adam Ceroi
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, 9052, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sriram Balusu
- VIB Center for the Biology of Disease, VIB, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jonas Castelein
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, 9052, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Elien Van Wonterghem
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, 9052, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Griet Van Imschoot
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, 9052, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Andrew Ward
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Trevelyan R Menheniott
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Flemington Rd. Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Flemington Rd. Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Oskar Gustafsson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Francis Combes
- Department of Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, SINTEF AS, Sem Sælands V. 2A, N-7034 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Samir El Andaloussi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Niek N Sanders
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Nutrition, Genetics and Ethology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Heidestraat 19, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Imre Mäger
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, 50 411, Tartu, Estonia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Lien Van Hoecke
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, 9052, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Roosmarijn E Vandenbroucke
- VIB Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, 9052, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, 9052, Ghent, Belgium.
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8
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Lodhi MS, Khalid F, Khan MT, Samra ZQ, Muhammad S, Zhang YJ, Mou K. A Novel Method of Magnetic Nanoparticles Functionalized with Anti-Folate Receptor Antibody and Methotrexate for Antibody Mediated Targeted Drug Delivery. Molecules 2022; 27:261. [PMID: 35011493 PMCID: PMC8747068 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic effects of anticancer medicines can be improved by targeting the specific receptors on cancer cells. Folate receptor (FR) targeting with antibody (Ab) is an effective tool to deliver anticancer drugs to the cancer cell. In this research project, a novel formulation of targeting drug delivery was designed, and its anticancer effects were analyzed. Folic acid-conjugated magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) were used for the purification of folate receptors through a novel magnetic affinity purification method. Antibodies against the folate receptors and methotrexate (MTX) were developed and characterized with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blot. Targeting nanomedicines (MNP-MTX-FR Ab) were synthesized by engineering the MNP with methotrexate and anti-folate receptor antibody (anti-FR Ab). The cytotoxicity of nanomedicines on HeLa cells was analyzed by calculating the % age cell viability. A fluorescent study was performed with HeLa cells and tumor tissue sections to analyze the binding efficacy and intracellular tracking of synthesized nanomedicines. MNP-MTX-FR Ab demonstrated good cytotoxicity along all the nanocomposites, which confirms that the antibody-coated medicine possesses the potential affinity to destroy cancer cells in the targeted drug delivery process. Immunohistochemical approaches and fluorescent study further confirmed their uptake by FRs on the tumor cells' surface in antibody-mediated endocytosis. The current approach is a useful addition to targeted drug delivery for better management of cancer therapy along with immunotherapy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeeha Shahzad Lodhi
- School of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54890, Pakistan; (F.K.); (Z.Q.S.)
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore 58810, Pakistan;
| | - Fatima Khalid
- School of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54890, Pakistan; (F.K.); (Z.Q.S.)
| | - Muhammad Tahir Khan
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore 58810, Pakistan;
| | - Zahoor Qadir Samra
- School of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54890, Pakistan; (F.K.); (Z.Q.S.)
| | - Shabbir Muhammad
- Department of Physics, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Yu-Juan Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Shapingba, Chongqing 401331, China;
| | - Kejie Mou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Bishan Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing 402760, China
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9
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James EI, Murphree TA, Vorauer C, Engen JR, Guttman M. Advances in Hydrogen/Deuterium Exchange Mass Spectrometry and the Pursuit of Challenging Biological Systems. Chem Rev 2021; 122:7562-7623. [PMID: 34493042 PMCID: PMC9053315 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Solution-phase hydrogen/deuterium
exchange (HDX) coupled to mass
spectrometry (MS) is a widespread tool for structural analysis across
academia and the biopharmaceutical industry. By monitoring the exchangeability
of backbone amide protons, HDX-MS can reveal information about higher-order
structure and dynamics throughout a protein, can track protein folding
pathways, map interaction sites, and assess conformational states
of protein samples. The combination of the versatility of the hydrogen/deuterium
exchange reaction with the sensitivity of mass spectrometry has enabled
the study of extremely challenging protein systems, some of which
cannot be suitably studied using other techniques. Improvements over
the past three decades have continually increased throughput, robustness,
and expanded the limits of what is feasible for HDX-MS investigations.
To provide an overview for researchers seeking to utilize and derive
the most from HDX-MS for protein structural analysis, we summarize
the fundamental principles, basic methodology, strengths and weaknesses,
and the established applications of HDX-MS while highlighting new
developments and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellie I James
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Taylor A Murphree
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Clint Vorauer
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - John R Engen
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Miklos Guttman
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
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10
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Geetha Bai R, Muthoosamy K, Tuvikene R, Nay Ming H, Manickam S. Highly Sensitive Electrochemical Biosensor Using Folic Acid-Modified Reduced Graphene Oxide for the Detection of Cancer Biomarker. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11051272. [PMID: 34066073 PMCID: PMC8150695 DOI: 10.3390/nano11051272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The detection of cancer biomarkers in the early stages could prevent cancer-related deaths significantly. Nanomaterials combined with biomolecules are extensively used in drug delivery, imaging, and sensing applications by targeting the overexpressed cancer proteins such as folate receptors (FRs) to control the disease by providing earlier treatments. In this investigation, biocompatible reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets combined with folic acid (FA)-a vitamin with high bioaffinity to FRs-is utilized to develop an electrochemical sensor for cancer detection. To mimic the cancer cell environment, FR-β protein is used to evaluate the response of the rGO-FA sensor. The formation of the rGO-FA nanocomposite was confirmed through various characterization techniques. A glassy carbon (GC) electrode was then modified with the obtained rGO-FA and analyzed via differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) for its specific detection towards FRs. Using the DPV technique, the rGO-FA-modified electrode exhibited a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.69 pM, determined in a linear concentration range from 6 to 100 pM. This excellent electrochemical performance towards FRs detection could provide a significant contribution towards future cancer diagnosis. Moreover, the rGO-FA sensing platform also showed excellent specificity and reliability when tested against similar interfering biomolecules. This rGO-FA sensor offers a great promise to the future medical industry through its highly sensitive detection towards FRs in a fast, reliable, and economical way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renu Geetha Bai
- Nanotechnology Research Group, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, 43500 Semenyih, Malaysia; (R.G.B.); (K.M.)
- School of Natural Sciences and Health, Tallinn University, 10120 Tallinn, Estonia;
| | - Kasturi Muthoosamy
- Nanotechnology Research Group, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, 43500 Semenyih, Malaysia; (R.G.B.); (K.M.)
| | - Rando Tuvikene
- School of Natural Sciences and Health, Tallinn University, 10120 Tallinn, Estonia;
| | - Huang Nay Ming
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, New Energy Science & Engineering, Xiamen University Malaysia, 43900 Sepang, Malaysia;
| | - Sivakumar Manickam
- Nanotechnology Research Group, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, 43500 Semenyih, Malaysia; (R.G.B.); (K.M.)
- Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Brunei, Bandar Seri Begawan BE1410, Brunei
- Correspondence:
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11
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Furuuchi K, Rybinski K, Fulmer J, Moriyama T, Drozdowski B, Soto A, Fernando S, Wilson K, Milinichik A, Dula ML, Tanaka K, Cheng X, Albone E, Uenaka T. Antibody-drug conjugate MORAb-202 exhibits long-lasting antitumor efficacy in TNBC PDx models. Cancer Sci 2021; 112:2467-2480. [PMID: 33756060 PMCID: PMC8177789 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The antibody‐drug conjugate (ADC) MORAb‐202, consisting of farletuzumab paired with a cathepsin B–cleavable linker and eribulin, targets folate receptor alpha (FRA), which is frequently overexpressed in various tumor types. MORAb‐202 was highly cytotoxic to FRA‐positive cells in vitro, with limited off‐target killing of FRA‐negative cells. Furthermore, MORAb‐202 showed a clear in vitro bystander cytotoxic effect in coculture with FRA‐positive/negative cells. In vivo antitumor efficacy studies of MORAb‐202 were conducted with a single administration of MORAb‐202 in triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) patient–derived xenograft (PDx) models expressing low and high levels of FRA. MORAb‐202 exhibited durable efficacy proportional to tumor FRA expression. Toxicology studies (Q3Wx2) in nonhuman primates suggested that the major observed toxicity of MORAb‐202 is hematologic toxicity. Overall, these findings support the concept that MORAb‐202 represents a promising investigational ADC for the treatment of TNBC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiji Furuuchi
- Epochal Precision Anti-Cancer Therapeutics (EPAT), Eisai Inc, Exton, PA, USA
| | - Katherine Rybinski
- Epochal Precision Anti-Cancer Therapeutics (EPAT), Eisai Inc, Exton, PA, USA
| | - James Fulmer
- Epochal Precision Anti-Cancer Therapeutics (EPAT), Eisai Inc, Exton, PA, USA
| | | | - Brian Drozdowski
- Epochal Precision Anti-Cancer Therapeutics (EPAT), Eisai Inc, Exton, PA, USA
| | - Allis Soto
- Epochal Precision Anti-Cancer Therapeutics (EPAT), Eisai Inc, Exton, PA, USA
| | - Shawn Fernando
- Epochal Precision Anti-Cancer Therapeutics (EPAT), Eisai Inc, Exton, PA, USA
| | - Kerrianne Wilson
- Epochal Precision Anti-Cancer Therapeutics (EPAT), Eisai Inc, Exton, PA, USA
| | - Andrew Milinichik
- Epochal Precision Anti-Cancer Therapeutics (EPAT), Eisai Inc, Exton, PA, USA
| | - Mary Lou Dula
- Epochal Precision Anti-Cancer Therapeutics (EPAT), Eisai Inc, Exton, PA, USA
| | - Keigo Tanaka
- Tsukuba Research Laboratory, Eisai, Co. Ltd, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Xin Cheng
- Epochal Precision Anti-Cancer Therapeutics (EPAT), Eisai Inc, Exton, PA, USA
| | - Earl Albone
- Epochal Precision Anti-Cancer Therapeutics (EPAT), Eisai Inc, Exton, PA, USA
| | - Toshimitsu Uenaka
- Epochal Precision Anti-Cancer Therapeutics (EPAT), Eisai Inc, Exton, PA, USA
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12
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Th17-inducing autologous dendritic cell vaccination promotes antigen-specific cellular and humoral immunity in ovarian cancer patients. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5173. [PMID: 33057068 PMCID: PMC7560895 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18962-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
In ovarian cancer (OC), IL-17-producing T cells (Th17s) predict improved survival, whereas regulatory T cells predict poorer survival. We previously developed a vaccine whereby patient-derived dendritic cells (DCs) are programmed to induce Th17 responses to the OC antigen folate receptor alpha (FRα). Here we report the results of a single-arm open-label phase I clinical trial designed to determine vaccine safety and tolerability (primary outcomes) and recurrence-free survival (secondary outcome). Immunogenicity is also evaluated. Recruitment is complete with a total of 19 Stage IIIC-IV OC patients in first remission after conventional therapy. DCs are generated using our Th17-inducing protocol and are pulsed with HLA class II epitopes from FRα. Mature antigen-loaded DCs are injected intradermally. All patients have completed study-related interventions. No grade 3 or higher adverse events are seen. Vaccination results in the development of Th1, Th17, and antibody responses to FRα in the majority of patients. Th1 and antibody responses are associated with prolonged recurrence-free survival. Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxic activity against FRα is also associated with prolonged RFS. Of 18 patients evaluable for efficacy, 39% (7/18) remain recurrence-free at the time of data censoring, with a median follow-up of 49.2 months. Thus, vaccination with Th17-inducing FRα-loaded DCs is safe, induces antigen-specific immunity, and is associated with prolonged remission.
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Investigating the Potential of Conjugated Selenium Redox Folic Acid as a Treatment for Triple Negative Breast Cancer. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9020138. [PMID: 32033374 PMCID: PMC7071027 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9020138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that redox selenium compounds arrest cancer cell viability in vitro through their pro-oxidative activity by generating superoxide (O2•−). Currently, there are no efficacious treatment options for women with Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC). However, the association between the over-expression of the Folate Receptor Alpha (FRA) in TNBC and other cancer cells, has led to the possibility that TNBCs might be treated by targeting the FRA with redox selenium covalent Folic Acid conjugates. The present study reports the synthesis of the redox active vitamer, Selenofolate, generating superoxide. Superoxide (O2•−) catalytic generation by Selenofolate was assessed by an in vitro chemiluminescence (CL) assay and by a Dihydroethidium (DHE) in vivo assay. Cytotoxicity of Selenofolate was assessed against the TNBC cell line MDA-MB-468 and an immortalized, mammary epithelial cell line, HME50-5E. Cytotoxicity of Selenofolate was compared to Folic Acid and sodium selenite, in a time and dose dependent manner. Selenofolate and selenite treatments resulted in greater inhibition of MDA-MB-468 cell proliferation than HME50-5E as evaluated by Trypan Blue exclusion, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) metabolic assay and Annexin V apoptosis assays. Folate receptor alpha (FRA) protein expression was assessed by Western blotting, with the experimental results showing that redox active Selenofolate and selenite, but not Folic Acid, was cytotoxic to MDA-MB-468 cells in vitro, suggesting a possible clinical option for treating TNBC and other cancers over-expressing FRA.
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Norton N, Youssef B, Hillman DW, Nassar A, Geiger XJ, Necela BM, Liu H, Ruddy KJ, Polley MYC, Ingle JN, Couch FJ, Perez EA, Liu MC, Carter JM, Leon-Ferre RA, Boughey JC, Somers EB, Kalari KR, Visscher DW, Goetz MP, Knutson KL. Folate receptor alpha expression associates with improved disease-free survival in triple negative breast cancer patients. NPJ Breast Cancer 2020; 6:4. [PMID: 32047850 PMCID: PMC7000381 DOI: 10.1038/s41523-020-0147-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) comprises 15-20% of all invasive breast cancer and is associated with a poor prognosis. As therapy options are limited for this subtype, there is a significant need to identify new targeted approaches for TNBC patient management. The expression of the folate receptor alpha (FRα) is significantly increased in patients with TNBC and is therefore a potential biomarker and therapeutic target. We optimized and validated a FRα immunohistochemistry method, specific to TNBC, to measure FRα expression in a centrally confirmed cohort of 384 patients with TNBC in order to determine if expression of the protein is associated with invasive disease-free survival (IDFS) and overall survival (OS). The FRα IHC demonstrated exceptional performance characteristics with low intra- and interassay variability as well as minimal lot-to-lot variation. FRα expression, which varied widely from sample to sample, was detected in 274 (71%) of the TNBC lesions. In a multivariable model adjusted for baseline characteristics, FRα expression was associated with improved IDFS (HR = 0.63, p = 0.01) but not with OS. The results demonstrate the potential of targeting the FRα in the majority of TNBC patients and suggest that variable expression may point to a need to stratify on FRα expression in clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Norton
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA
| | | | - David W. Hillman
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
| | - Aziza Nassar
- Department of Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA
| | | | - Brian M. Necela
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA
| | - Heshan Liu
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
| | | | - Mei-Yin C. Polley
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
| | - James N. Ingle
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
| | - Fergus J. Couch
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
| | - Edith A. Perez
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA
| | - Minetta C. Liu
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
| | - Jodi M. Carter
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
| | | | | | | | - Krishna R. Kalari
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
| | - Daniel W. Visscher
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
| | - Matthew P. Goetz
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
- Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
| | - Keith L. Knutson
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32246 USA
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Qi J, Hymel D, Nelson CG, Burke TR, Rader C. Conventional and Chemically Programmed Asymmetric Bispecific Antibodies Targeting Folate Receptor 1. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1994. [PMID: 31497024 PMCID: PMC6712926 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
T-cell engaging bispecific antibodies (biAbs) can mediate potent and specific tumor cell eradication in liquid cancers. Substantial effort has been invested in expanding this concept to solid cancers. To explore their utility in the treatment of ovarian cancer, we built a set of asymmetric biAbs in IgG1-like format that bind CD3 on T cells with a conventional scFv arm and folate receptor 1 (FOLR1) on ovarian cancer cells with a conventional or a chemically programmed Fab arm. For avidity engineering, we also built an asymmetric biAb format with a tandem Fab arm. We show that both conventional and chemically programmed CD3 × FOLR1 biAbs exert specific in vitro and in vivo cytotoxicity toward FOLR1-expressing ovarian cancer cells by recruiting and activating T cells. While the conventional T-cell engaging biAb was curative in an aggressive mouse model of human ovarian cancer, the potency of the chemically programmed biAb was significantly boosted by avidity engineering. Both conventional and chemically programmed CD3 × FOLR1 biAbs warrant further investigation for ovarian cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junpeng Qi
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, United States
| | - David Hymel
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Christopher G Nelson
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Terrence R Burke
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Christoph Rader
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, United States
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16
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Monick S, Mohanty V, Khan M, Yerneni G, Kumar R, Cantu J, Ichi S, Xi G, Singh BR, Tomita T, Mayanil CS. A Phenotypic Switch of Differentiated Glial Cells to Dedifferentiated Cells Is Regulated by Folate Receptor α. Stem Cells 2019; 37:1441-1454. [PMID: 31381815 PMCID: PMC6899875 DOI: 10.1002/stem.3067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In a previous study, we showed that folate receptor‐α (FRα) translocates to the nucleus where it acts as a transcription factor and upregulates Hes1, Oct4, Sox2, and Klf4 genes responsible for pluripotency. Here, we show that acetylation and phosphorylation of FRα favor its nuclear translocation in the presence of folate and can cause a phenotypic switch from differentiated glial cells to dedifferentiated cells. shRNA‐FRα mediated knockdown of FRα was used to confirm the role of FRα in dedifferentiation. Ocimum sanctum hydrophilic fraction‐1 treatment not only blocks the folate mediated dedifferentiation of glial cells but also promotes redifferentiation of dedifferentiated glial cells, possibly by reducing the nuclear translocation of ~38 kDa FRα and subsequent interaction with chromatin assembly factor‐1. stem cells2019;37:1441–1454
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Monick
- Developmental Biology Program, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago and Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Vineet Mohanty
- Developmental Biology Program, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago and Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Mariam Khan
- Developmental Biology Program, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago and Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Gowtham Yerneni
- Developmental Biology Program, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago and Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Raj Kumar
- Institute of Advanced Sciences, Dartmouth, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jorge Cantu
- Department of Biology, Northeastern Illinois University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Shunsuke Ichi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Guifa Xi
- Developmental Biology Program, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago and Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Bal Ram Singh
- Institute of Advanced Sciences, Dartmouth, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tadanori Tomita
- Developmental Biology Program, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago and Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Chandra Shekhar Mayanil
- Developmental Biology Program, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago and Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.,Institute of Advanced Sciences, Dartmouth, Massachusetts, USA
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Bidram E, Sulistio A, Cho HJ, Amini A, Harris T, Zarrabi A, Qiao G, Stewart A, Dunstan DE. Targeted Graphene Oxide Networks: Cytotoxicity and Synergy with Anticancer Agents. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:43523-43532. [PMID: 30495922 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b17531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
An effective strategy to inhibit endocytosis in cancer cells is presented where modified net-type graphene oxide (GO) sheets, bound with multiple cell surface receptors, are introduced and synthesized as novel anticancer agents. The results suggest that the binding connects GO sheets with neighboring lipid rafts, neutralizes endocytosis, and causes metabolic deprivation. As a result, tumor cell survival and proliferation are reduced. Live cell confocal microscopy imaging reveals that GO-PEGFA (folate-PEGylated GO) (PEG, polyethylene glycol) is internalized by tumor cells, while GO-PEGRGD (tripeptide Arg-Gly-Asp PEGylated GO) associates with the external cell membrane (not internalized). In vitro exposure of tumor cells to GO-PEGFA or GO-PEGRGD reduces the cell viability by 35%, compared to 50% reduction using methotrexate (100 μM). The combination of modified GO sheets with methotrexate or doxorubicin shows a greater toxicity (80% reduction in cell viability) than the individual agents. The proposed setup demonstrates a significant synergy in limiting tumor cell growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Bidram
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences & Technologies , University of Isfahan , Isfahan 81746 , Iran
| | - Adrian Sulistio
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology , Monash University , Melbourne , VIC 3052 , Australia
| | | | - Abbas Amini
- Centre for Infrastructure Engineering , Western Sydney University , Penrith , NSW 2751 , Australia
- Department of Mechanical Engineering , Australian College of Kuwait , Mishref 13015 , Kuwait
| | | | - Ali Zarrabi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences & Technologies , University of Isfahan , Isfahan 81746 , Iran
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Xu X, Jiang J, Yao L, Ji B. Silencing the FOLR2 Gene Inhibits Cell Proliferation and Increases Apoptosis in the NCI-H1650 Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cell Line via Inhibition of AKT/Mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR)/Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinase 1 (S6K1) Signaling. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:8064-8073. [PMID: 30415267 PMCID: PMC6240851 DOI: 10.12659/msm.911384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The FOLR2 gene encodes folate receptor-beta (FR-beta), which is expressed by tumor-associated macrophages. The effects of FOLR2 gene expression in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate the effects of FOLR2 gene expression and gene silencing in human NSCLC cell lines and normal human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells in vitro. Material/Methods Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot were performed to detect the expression of the FOLR2 gene, cell cycle and apoptosis-associated genes in normal HBE cells and the NSCLC cell lines, A549, NCI-H1299, NCI-H1650, and NCI-H460. Using small interfering RNA (siRNA), or silencing RNA, FOLR2 gene silencing was performed for NCI-H1650 cells. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) was used to measure cell viability. Cell cycle and apoptosis were determined using flow cytometry. Western blot evaluated the expression of Akt, mTOR, and S6K1 signaling. Results Expression of the FOLR2 gene was increased in NSCLC cells compared with normal HBE cells. Silencing of the expression of the FOLR2 gene in NCI-H1650 cells reduced cell viability, increased cell apoptosis, and arrested cells in the G1 phase of the cell cycle, decreased the expression of cyclin D1, upregulated expression of cell cycle inhibitors, p21 and p27, upregulated the expression of Bax/Bcl-2, and inhibited phosphorylation of AKT, mTOR, and S6K1. Conclusions Silencing of the FOLR2 gene inhibited phosphorylation of AKT, mTOR, and S6K1, inhibited cell proliferation and increased apoptosis in the NCI-H1650 human NSCLC cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Xu
- Department of Respiration, Quzhou Peoples' Hospital, Quzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Jianyang Jiang
- Department of Respiration, Quzhou Peoples' Hospital, Quzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Lijuan Yao
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Affiliated Huzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medicine University, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Bing Ji
- Department of Medicine, Affiliated Huzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medicine University, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
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19
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Cheng X, Li J, Tanaka K, Majumder U, Milinichik AZ, Verdi AC, Maddage CJ, Rybinski KA, Fernando S, Fernando D, Kuc M, Furuuchi K, Fang F, Uenaka T, Grasso L, Albone EF. MORAb-202, an Antibody-Drug Conjugate Utilizing Humanized Anti-human FRα Farletuzumab and the Microtubule-targeting Agent Eribulin, has Potent Antitumor Activity. Mol Cancer Ther 2018; 17:2665-2675. [PMID: 30262588 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-17-1215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Microtubule-targeting agents (MTA) have been investigated for many years as payloads for antibody-drug conjugates (ADC). In many cases, these ADCs have shown limited benefits due to lack of efficacy or significant toxicity, which has spurred continued investigation into novel MTA payloads for next-generation ADCs. In this study, we have developed ADCs using the MTA eribulin, a derivative of the macrocyclic polyether natural product halichondrin B, as a payload. Eribulin ADCs demonstrated in vitro potency and specificity using various linkers and two different conjugation approaches. MORAb-202 is an investigational agent that consists of the humanized anti-human folate receptor alpha (FRA) antibody farletuzumab conjugated via reduced interchain disulfide bonds to maleimido-PEG2-valine-citrulline-p-aminobenzylcarbamyl-eribulin at a drug-to-antibody ratio of 4.0. MORAb-202 displayed preferable biophysical properties and broad potency across a number of FRA-positive tumor cell lines as well as demonstrated improved specificity in vitro compared with farletuzumab conjugated with a number of other MTA payloads, including MMAE, MMAF, and the reducible maytansine linker-payload sulfo-SPDB-DM4. A single-dose administration of MORAb-202 in FRA-positive human tumor cell line xenograft and patient-derived tumor xenograft models elicited a robust and durable antitumor response. These data support further investigation of MORAb-202 as a potential new treatment modality for FRA-positive cancers, using the novel MTA eribulin as a payload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry Discovery, Oncology Biologics Laboratories, Oncology Business Group, Eisai Inc, Exton, Pennsylvania
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Translational Chemistry, Eisai AiM Institute, Eisai Inc., Andover, Massachusetts
| | - Keigo Tanaka
- Department of Chemistry Research, Eisai Co. Ltd., Tsukuba-Shi, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Utpal Majumder
- Department of Discovery Chemistry, Eisai AiM Institute, Eisai Inc., Andover, Massachusetts
| | - Andrew Z Milinichik
- Department of Biochemistry Discovery, Oncology Biologics Laboratories, Oncology Business Group, Eisai Inc, Exton, Pennsylvania
| | - Arielle C Verdi
- Department of Biochemistry Discovery, Oncology Biologics Laboratories, Oncology Business Group, Eisai Inc, Exton, Pennsylvania
| | - Christopher J Maddage
- Department of Preclinical Development, Oncology Biologics Laboratories, Oncology Business Group, Eisai Inc, Exton, Pennsylvania
| | - Katherine A Rybinski
- Department of Preclinical Development, Oncology Biologics Laboratories, Oncology Business Group, Eisai Inc, Exton, Pennsylvania
| | - Shawn Fernando
- Department of Bioanalytical Development, Oncology Biologics Laboratories, Oncology Business Group, Eisai Inc, Exton, Pennsylvania
| | - Danielle Fernando
- Department of Bioanalytical Development, Oncology Biologics Laboratories, Oncology Business Group, Eisai Inc, Exton, Pennsylvania
| | - Megan Kuc
- Department of Bioanalytical Development, Oncology Biologics Laboratories, Oncology Business Group, Eisai Inc, Exton, Pennsylvania
| | - Keiji Furuuchi
- Department of Preclinical Development, Oncology Biologics Laboratories, Oncology Business Group, Eisai Inc, Exton, Pennsylvania
| | - Frank Fang
- Department of Translational Chemistry, Eisai AiM Institute, Eisai Inc., Andover, Massachusetts
| | - Toshimitsu Uenaka
- Department of Preclinical Development, Oncology Biologics Laboratories, Oncology Business Group, Eisai Inc, Exton, Pennsylvania
| | - Luigi Grasso
- Department of Discovery Research, Morphotek Inc., Exton, Pennsylvania
| | - Earl F Albone
- Department of Biochemistry Discovery, Oncology Biologics Laboratories, Oncology Business Group, Eisai Inc, Exton, Pennsylvania.
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Frontera ED, Khansa RM, Schalk DL, Leakan LE, Guerin-Edbauer TJ, Ratnam M, Gorski DH, Speyer CL. IgA Fc-folate conjugate activates and recruits neutrophils to directly target triple-negative breast cancer cells. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2018; 172:551-560. [PMID: 30155754 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-018-4941-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/25/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE According to the American Cancer Society, 1 in 8 women in the U.S. will develop breast cancer, with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) comprising 15-20% of all breast cancer cases. TNBC is an aggressive subtype due to its high metastatic potential and lack of targeted therapy. Recently, folate receptor alpha (FRA) is found to be expressed on 80% of TNBC with high expression correlating with poor prognosis. In this study, we examined whether binding IgA Fc-folate molecules to FRA receptors on TNBC cells can elicit and induce neutrophils (PMNs), by binding their FcαR1 receptors, to destroy TNBC cells. METHODS FRA was analyzed on TNBC cells and binding assays were performed using 3H-folate. Fc-folate was synthesized by linking Fc fragments of IgA via amine groups to folate. Binding specificity and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) potential of Fc-folate to FcαR1 were confirmed by measuring PMN adhesion and myeloperoxidase (MPO) release in a cell-based ELISA. Fc-folate binding to FRA-expressing TNBC cells inducing PMNs to destroy these cells was determined using 51Cr-release and calcein-labeling assays. RESULTS Our results demonstrate expression of FRA on TNBC cells at levels consistent with folate binding. Fc-folate binds with high affinity to FRA compared to whole IgA-folate and induces MPO release from PMN when bound to FcαR1. Fc-folate inhibited binding of 3H-folate to TNBC cells and induced significant cell lysis of TNBC cells when incubated in the presence of PMNs. CONCLUSION These findings support the hypothesis that an IgA Fc-folate conjugate can destroy TNBC cells by eliciting PMN-mediated ADCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric D Frontera
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, 4707 St. Antoine, Box 402, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Rafa M Khansa
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, 4707 St. Antoine, Box 402, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Dana L Schalk
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, University of Virginia Cancer Center, 1300 Jefferson Park Ave., I MSB 7191 West Complex I, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA
| | - Lauren E Leakan
- Wayne State University, 42 West Warren Avenue, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Tracey J Guerin-Edbauer
- Michael and Marian Ilitch Department of Surgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 4100 John R St., Mailcode HW08AO, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Manohar Ratnam
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 4100 John R St., Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.,Molecular Therapeutics Program, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, 4100 John R St., Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - David H Gorski
- Michael and Marian Ilitch Department of Surgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 4100 John R St., Mailcode HW08AO, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.,Molecular Therapeutics Program, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, 4100 John R St., Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Cecilia L Speyer
- Michael and Marian Ilitch Department of Surgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 4100 John R St., Mailcode HW08AO, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA. .,Tumor Microenvironment Program, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, 4100 John R St., Detroit, MI, 48201, USA.
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21
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Moriyama T, Kakiuchi D, Grasso L, Hutto DL, Fernando D, Schweizer C. Farletuzumab, a monoclonal antibody directed against folate receptor alpha, shows no evidence of teratogenicity in cynomolgus monkeys. Reprod Toxicol 2018; 79:89-95. [PMID: 29928988 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2018.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Farletuzumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody targeting human folate receptor alpha, which is being developed as an anti-cancer drug. A non-human primate reproductive study was conducted to evaluate whether it could cause any embryonic or fetal abnormalities. Farletuzumab was administered intravenously to pregnant cynomolgus monkeys (n = 16/group) at doses of 0 or 67.5 mg/kg once weekly during gestation day (GD) 20 through 97. C-section was performed on GD100 ± 2, and fetuses were evaluated for morphologic (external, visceral and skeletal) effects. No farletuzumab-related changes were observed in maternal animals or fetuses, which are supported by the fact that farletuzumab has no effects on cellular uptake of folate. These data support the potential use of farletuzumab for oncologic indications during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dai Kakiuchi
- Eisai Co. Ltd., 5-1-3 Tokodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-2635, Japan
| | - Luigi Grasso
- Morphotek Inc., 210 Welsh Pool Rd., Exton, PA 19341, USA
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22
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Dharmatti R, Miyatake H, Zhang C, Ren X, Yumoto A, Kiga D, Yamamura M, Ito Y. Escherichia coli expression, purification, and refolding of human folate receptor α (hFRα) and β (hFRβ). Protein Expr Purif 2018; 149:17-22. [PMID: 29654824 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2018.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2018] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Human folate receptors (hFRα and hFRβ) are membrane proteins anchored to the cell surface by glycosylphosphatidylinositol. They play an important role in cell growth by taking up folate for de novo synthesis of purines and methylation of DNA, lipids, and proteins. Thus, controlling folate uptake through hFRs may lead to the development of anti-cancer drugs. Development of hFRs-targeting drug requires a large amount of hFRs. However, it is difficult to prepare active forms of hFRs from prokaryotic cells because of their high content of cysteine residues that form disulfide bonds. Here, we prepared active forms of hFRα and hFRβ from inclusion bodies of Escherichia coli. The crucial steps in our preparation were intensive washing of the inclusion bodies to remove impurities derived from E. coli and gradual dropping of solubilized hFRs into refolding buffers to correctly reform disulfide bonds. The binding activity of prepared hFRs to folate was confirmed by biolayer interferometry measurements. Finally, we successfully prepared the active form of 2.52 mg hFRα and 2.4 mg hFRβ from 10 g of E. coli cell bodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roopa Dharmatti
- Nano Medical Engineering Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan; Department of Computer Science, School of Computing, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Miyatake
- Nano Medical Engineering Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Chen Zhang
- Nano Medical Engineering Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Xueli Ren
- Emergent Bioengineering Materials Research Team, RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, 2-1Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Akiko Yumoto
- Emergent Bioengineering Materials Research Team, RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, 2-1Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kiga
- Department of Computer Science, School of Computing, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan
| | - Masayuki Yamamura
- Department of Computer Science, School of Computing, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Ito
- Nano Medical Engineering Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan; Department of Computer Science, School of Computing, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8503, Japan; Emergent Bioengineering Materials Research Team, RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, 2-1Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan.
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23
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Poh S, Chelvam V, Ayala-López W, Putt KS, Low PS. Selective liposome targeting of folate receptor positive immune cells in inflammatory diseases. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2018; 14:1033-1043. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2018.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Revised: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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24
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Folate receptor α is associated with poor clinicopathological perspectives in breast carcinoma. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 2018; 25:71-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pathophys.2018.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Revised: 01/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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25
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Hamuro Y, Coales SJ. Optimization of Feasibility Stage for Hydrogen/Deuterium Exchange Mass Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2018; 29:623-629. [PMID: 29299838 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-017-1860-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Revised: 11/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The practice of HDX-MS remains somewhat difficult, not only for newcomers but also for veterans, despite its increasing popularity. While a typical HDX-MS project starts with a feasibility stage where the experimental conditions are optimized and the peptide map is generated prior to the HDX study stage, the literature usually reports only the HDX study stage. In this protocol, we describe a few considerations for the initial feasibility stage, more specifically, how to optimize quench conditions, how to tackle the carryover issue, and how to apply the pepsin specificity rule. Two sets of quench conditions are described depending on the presence of disulfide bonds to facilitate the quench condition optimization process. Four protocols are outlined to minimize carryover during the feasibility stage: (1) addition of a detergent to the quench buffer, (2) injection of a detergent or chaotrope to the protease column after each sample injection, (3) back-flushing of the trap column and the analytical column with a new plumbing configuration, and (4) use of PEEK (or PEEK coated) frits instead of stainless steel frits for the columns. The application of the pepsin specificity rule after peptide map generation and not before peptide map generation is suggested. The rule can be used not only to remove falsely identified peptides, but also to check the sample purity. A well-optimized HDX-MS feasibility stage makes subsequent HDX study stage smoother and the resulting HDX data more reliable. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshitomo Hamuro
- ExSAR Corporation (scientifically co-founded by Professor Virgil Woods and now dissolved), Monmouth Junction, NJ, USA.
- SGS Life North America, 606 Brandywine Parkway, West Chester, PA, 19380, USA.
| | - Stephen J Coales
- ExSAR Corporation (scientifically co-founded by Professor Virgil Woods and now dissolved), Monmouth Junction, NJ, USA
- LEAP Technologies, 1015 Aviation Parkway, Suite 1000, Morrisville, NC, 27560, USA
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26
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Schwarzenböck C, Schaffer A, Nößner E, Nelson PJ, Huss R, Rieger B. Fluorescent Polyvinylphosphonate Bioconjugates for Selective Cellular Delivery. Chemistry 2018; 24:2584-2587. [PMID: 29315897 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201706034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
To date, many poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm) biomolecule conjugates have been described, but they often show long response times, are not bio-inert, or lose function in biological fluids. Herein, we present a modular synthetic approach to generate polyvinylphosphonate biomolecule conjugates. These conjugates exhibit a sharp phase transition temperature even under physiological conditions where few other examples with this property have been described to date. Furthermore, it was feasible to add biological functions to the polymers via the conjugation step. The polyvinylphosphonate cholesterol constructs are attached to the cellular membrane and the folic acid anchored polymers are shuttled into the cells. This is an exceptional finding through a straightforward synthetic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Schwarzenböck
- WACKER-Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748, Garching bei München, Germany
| | - Andreas Schaffer
- WACKER-Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748, Garching bei München, Germany
| | - Elfriede Nößner
- Immunoanalytics: Research Group Tissue Control of Immunocytes, & Core Facility, Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Gesundheit und Umwelt, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Marchioninistraße 25, 81377, München, Germany
| | - Peter J Nelson
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Nephrologisches Zentrum und Arbeitsgruppe Klinische Biochemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Schillerstraße 42, 80336, München, Germany
| | - Ralf Huss
- Definiens AG, Bernhard-Wicki-Straße 5, 80636, München, Germany
| | - Bernhard Rieger
- WACKER-Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748, Garching bei München, Germany
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27
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Schwarzenböck C, Schaffer A, Pahl P, Nelson PJ, Huss R, Rieger B. Precise synthesis of thermoresponsive polyvinylphosphonate-biomolecule conjugatesviathiol–ene click chemistry. Polym Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7py01796k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Herein we present the first smart polyvinylphosphonate-bioconjugates obtainedviaan efficient modular synthetic route.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Schwarzenböck
- WACKER–Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie
- Technische Universität München
- 85748 Garching bei München
- Germany
| | - Andreas Schaffer
- WACKER–Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie
- Technische Universität München
- 85748 Garching bei München
- Germany
| | - Philipp Pahl
- WACKER–Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie
- Technische Universität München
- 85748 Garching bei München
- Germany
| | - Peter J. Nelson
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV
- Nephrologisches Zentrum und Arbeitsgruppe Klinische Biochemie
- University of Munich
- Munich
- Germany
| | | | - Bernhard Rieger
- WACKER–Lehrstuhl für Makromolekulare Chemie
- Technische Universität München
- 85748 Garching bei München
- Germany
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28
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Shen J, Hu Y, Putt KS, Singhal S, Han H, Visscher DW, Murphy LM, Low PS. Assessment of folate receptor alpha and beta expression in selection of lung and pancreatic cancer patients for receptor targeted therapies. Oncotarget 2017; 9:4485-4495. [PMID: 29435118 PMCID: PMC5796989 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A number of folate receptor (FR) targeted small molecular drugs and monoclonal antibodies have been introduced into clinical trials to treat FR positive cancers. Because the therapeutic efficacy of these drugs depends prominently on the level of FR-α expression on the cancer cells, patients have been commonly selected for FR-targeted therapies based on the intensity of a folate-targeted radioimaging agent. Unfortunately, uptake of such imaging agents can be mediated by both major isoforms of the folate receptor, FR-α and FR-β. Logically, if the FR positive cell population in a tumor mass is dominated by FR-β positive macrophages, patients could be selected for therapy that have few FR-expressing cancer cells. Although several IHC studies have examined expression of either FR-α or FR-β, no study to date has investigated expression of both FR-α and FR-β in the same tumor mass. Herein, we utilize monoclonal antibodies specific for FR-α (mAb343) and FR-β (m909) to query each isoform's expression in a range of cancers. We show that lung and pancreatic adenocarcinomas express the full spectrum of FR-α and FR-β combinations with ~76% of lung adenocarcinomas expressing both FR-α and FR-β while pancreatic cancers express primarily FR-β. Thus, while folate-targeted imaging of lung cancer patients might accurately reflect the expression of FR-α on lung cancer cells, imaging of pancreatic cancer patients could mislead a physician into treating a nonresponding patient. Overall, these data suggest that an independent analysis of both FR-α and FR-β should be obtained to predict the potential efficacy of a folate-targeted drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayin Shen
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Yingwen Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.,Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Karson S Putt
- Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Sunil Singhal
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Haiyong Han
- Clinical Translational Research Division, The Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Daniel W Visscher
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Linda M Murphy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Philip S Low
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.,Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
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29
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Ceborska M. Folate appended cyclodextrins for drug, DNA, and siRNA delivery. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2017; 120:133-145. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2017.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Revised: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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30
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Overexpression of CTEN relates to tumor malignant potential and poor outcomes of adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction. Oncotarget 2017; 8:84112-84122. [PMID: 29137409 PMCID: PMC5663581 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background To detect a novel treatment target for adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction (AEG), we tested whether C-terminal tensin-like (CTEN), a member of the tensin gene family and frequently overexpressed in various cancers, acts as a cancer-promoting gene through overexpression in AEG. Materials and Methods We analyzed 5 gastric adenocarcinoma (GC) cell lines and 104 primary AEG tumors curatively resected in our hospital between 2000 and 2010. Results CTEN overexpression was detected in GC cell lines (2/5 cell lines; 40%) and primary AEG tumor samples (35/104 cases; 34%). CTEN knockdown using several specific siRNAs inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of CTEN-overexpressing cells. CTEN overexpression was significantly correlated with more aggressive venous and lymphatic invasion, deeper tumor depth, and higher rates of lymph node metastasis and recurrence. Patients with CTEN-overexpressing tumors had a worse overall rate of survival than those with non-expressing tumors (P < 0.0001, log-rank test) in an expression-dependent manner. CTEN positivity was independently associated with a worse outcome in the multivariate analysis (P = 0.0423, hazard ratio 3.54 [1.04-16.4]). Conclusions CTEN plays a crucial role in tumor cell proliferation, migration, and invasion through its overexpression, which highlights its usefulness as a prognosticator and potential therapeutic target in AEG.
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Potent Therapeutic Activity Against Peritoneal Dissemination and Malignant Ascites by the Novel Anti-Folate Receptor Alpha Antibody KHK2805. Transl Oncol 2017; 10:707-718. [PMID: 28710915 PMCID: PMC5508476 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2017.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Revised: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Many ovarian cancer patients often show peritoneal metastasis with malignant ascites. However, unmet medical needs remain regarding controlling these symptoms after tumors become resistant to chemotherapies. We developed KHK2805, a novel anti-folate receptor α (FOLR1) humanized antibody with enhanced antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC). The primary aim of the present study was to evaluate whether the anti-tumor activity of KHK2805 was sufficient for therapeutic application against peritoneal dissemination and malignant ascites of platinum-resistant ovarian cancer in preclinical models. Here, both the ADCC and CDC of KHK2805 were evaluated in ovarian cancer cell lines and patient-derived samples. The anti-tumor activity of KHK2805 was evaluated in a SCID mouse model of platinum-resistant peritoneal dissemination. As results, KHK2805 showed specific binding to FOLR1 with high affinity at a novel epitope. KHK2805 exerted potent ADCC and CDC against ovarian cancer cell lines. Furthermore, primary platinum-resistant malignant ascites cells were susceptible to autologous ADCC with KHK2805. Patient-derived sera and malignant ascites induced CDC of KHK2805. KHK2805 significantly reduced the total tumor burden and amount of ascites in SCID mice with peritoneal dissemination and significantly prolonged their survival. In addition, the parental rat antibody strongly stained serous and clear cell-type ovarian tumors by immunohistochemistry. Overall, KHK2805 showed cytotoxicity against both ovarian cancer cell lines and patient-derived cells. These translational study findings suggest that KHK2805 may be promising as a novel therapeutic agent for platinum-resistant ovarian cancer with peritoneal dissemination and malignant ascites.
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Kline JB, Kennedy RP, Albone E, Chao Q, Fernando S, McDonough JM, Rybinski K, Wang W, Somers EB, Schweizer C, Grasso L, Nicolaides NC. Tumor antigen CA125 suppresses antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) via direct antibody binding and suppressed Fc-γ receptor engagement. Oncotarget 2017; 8:52045-52060. [PMID: 28881712 PMCID: PMC5581011 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancers employ a number of mechanisms to evade host immune responses. Here we report the effects of tumor-shed antigen CA125/MUC16 on suppressing IgG1-mediated antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). This evidence stems from prespecified subgroup analysis of a Phase 3 clinical trial testing farletuzumab, a monoclonal antibody to folate receptor alpha, plus standard-of-care carboplatin-taxane chemotherapy in patients with recurrent platinum-sensitive ovarian cancer. Patients with low serum CA125 levels treated with farletuzumab demonstrated improvements in progression free survival (HR 0.49, p = 0.0028) and overall survival (HR 0.44, p = 0.0108) as compared to placebo. Farletuzumab’s pharmacologic activity is mediated in part through ADCC. Here we show that CA125 inhibits ADCC by directly binding to farletuzumab that in turn perturbs Fc-γ receptor engagement on effector cells.
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Sikkandhar MG, Nedumaran AM, Ravichandar R, Singh S, Santhakumar I, Goh ZC, Mishra S, Archunan G, Gulyás B, Padmanabhan P. Theranostic Probes for Targeting Tumor Microenvironment: An Overview. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E1036. [PMID: 28492519 PMCID: PMC5454948 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18051036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2017] [Revised: 05/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Long gone is the time when tumors were thought to be insular masses of cells, residing independently at specific sites in an organ. Now, researchers gradually realize that tumors interact with the extracellular matrix (ECM), blood vessels, connective tissues, and immune cells in their environment, which is now known as the tumor microenvironment (TME). It has been found that the interactions between tumors and their surrounds promote tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis. The dynamics and diversity of TME cause the tumors to be heterogeneous and thus pose a challenge for cancer diagnosis, drug design, and therapy. As TME is significant in enhancing tumor progression, it is vital to identify the different components in the TME such as tumor vasculature, ECM, stromal cells, and the lymphatic system. This review explores how these significant factors in the TME, supply tumors with the required growth factors and signaling molecules to proliferate, invade, and metastasize. We also examine the development of TME-targeted nanotheranostics over the recent years for cancer therapy, diagnosis, and anticancer drug delivery systems. This review further discusses the limitations and future perspective of nanoparticle based theranostics when used in combination with current imaging modalities like Optical Imaging, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Nuclear Imaging (Positron Emission Tomography (PET) and Single Photon Emission Computer Tomography (SPECT)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Musafar Gani Sikkandhar
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 59 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 636921, Singapore.
| | - Anu Maashaa Nedumaran
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 59 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 636921, Singapore.
| | - Roopa Ravichandar
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 59 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 636921, Singapore.
| | - Satnam Singh
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 59 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 636921, Singapore.
| | - Induja Santhakumar
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 59 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 636921, Singapore.
| | - Zheng Cong Goh
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 59 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 636921, Singapore.
| | - Sachin Mishra
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 59 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 636921, Singapore.
| | - Govindaraju Archunan
- Centre for Pheromone Technology, Department of Animal Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620024, India.
| | - Balázs Gulyás
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 59 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 636921, Singapore.
| | - Parasuraman Padmanabhan
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 59 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 636921, Singapore.
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O'Shannessy DJ, Bendas K, Schweizer C, Wang W, Albone E, Somers EB, Weil S, Meredith RK, Wustner J, Grasso L, Landers M, Nicolaides NC. Correlation of FCGRT genomic structure with serum immunoglobulin, albumin and farletuzumab pharmacokinetics in patients with first relapsed ovarian cancer. Genomics 2017; 109:251-257. [PMID: 28450240 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2017.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Farletuzumab (FAR) is a humanized monoclonal antibody (mAb) that binds to folate receptor alpha. A Ph3 trial in ovarian cancer patients treated with carboplatin/taxane plus FAR or placebo did not meet the primary statistical endpoint. Subgroup analysis demonstrated that subjects with high FAR exposure levels (Cmin>57.6μg/mL) showed statistically significant improvements in PFS and OS. The neonatal Fc receptor (fcgrt) plays a central role in albumin/IgG stasis and mAb pharmacokinetics (PK). Here we evaluated fcgrt sequence and association of its promoter variable number tandem repeats (VNTR) and coding single nucleotide variants (SNV) with albumin/IgG levels and FAR PK in the Ph3 patients. A statistical correlation existed between high FAR Cmin and AUC in patients with the highest quartile of albumin and lowest quartile of IgG1. Analysis of fcgrt identified 5 different VNTRs in the promoter region and 9 SNVs within the coding region, 4 which are novel.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Katie Bendas
- Morphotek, Inc., 210 Welsh Pool Rd, Exton, PA, USA
| | | | - Wenquan Wang
- Morphotek, Inc., 210 Welsh Pool Rd, Exton, PA, USA
| | - Earl Albone
- Morphotek, Inc., 210 Welsh Pool Rd, Exton, PA, USA
| | | | - Susan Weil
- Morphotek, Inc., 210 Welsh Pool Rd, Exton, PA, USA
| | | | | | - Luigi Grasso
- Morphotek, Inc., 210 Welsh Pool Rd, Exton, PA, USA
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35
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Gurudatt N, Naveen MH, Ban C, Shim YB. Enhanced electrochemical sensing of leukemia cells using drug/lipid co-immobilized on the conducting polymer layer. Biosens Bioelectron 2016; 86:33-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2016.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Revised: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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36
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Assessment of folate receptor-β expression in human neoplastic tissues. Oncotarget 2016; 6:14700-9. [PMID: 25909292 PMCID: PMC4546498 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Over-expression of folate receptor alpha on cancer cells has been frequently exploited for delivery of folate-targeted imaging and therapeutic agents to tumors. Because limited information exists on expression of the beta isoform of the folate receptor in human cancers (FR-β), we have evaluated the immunohistochemical staining pattern of FR-β in 992 tumor sections from 20 different human cancer types using a new anti-human FR-β monoclonal antibody. FR-β expression was shown to be more pronounced in cells within the stroma, primarily macrophages and macrophage-like cells than cancer cells in every cancer type studied. Moreover, FR-β expression in both cancer and stromal cells was found to be statistically more prominent in females than males. A significant positive correlation was also observed between FR-β expression on stromal cells and both the stage of the cancer and the presence of lymph node metastases. Based on these data we conclude FR-β may constitute a good target for specific delivery of therapeutic agents to activated macrophages and that accumulation of FR-β positive macrophages in the stroma could serve as a useful indicator of a tumor's metastatic potential.
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37
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Chen H, Gao S, Li J, Liu D, Sheng C, Yao C, Jiang W, Wu J, Chen S, Huang W. Wedelolactone disrupts the interaction of EZH2-EED complex and inhibits PRC2-dependent cancer. Oncotarget 2016; 6:13049-59. [PMID: 25944687 PMCID: PMC4536998 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), which is responsible for the trimethylation of H3K27 (H3K27me3), plays a part in tumorigenesis, development and/or maintenance of adult tissue specificity. The pivotal role of PRC2 in cancer makes it a therapeutic target for epigenetic cancer therapy. However, natural compounds targeting the enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) - embryonic ectoderm development (EED) interaction to disable PRC2 complex are scarcely reported. Here, we reported the screening and identification of natural compounds which could disrupt the EZH2-EED interaction. One of these compounds, wedelolactone, binds to EED with a high affinity (KD = 2.82 μM), blocks the EZH2-EED interaction in vitro, induces the degradation of PRC2 core components and modulates the expression of detected PRC2 downstream targets and cancer-related genes. Furthermore, some PRC2-dependent cancer cells undergone growth arrest upon treatment with wedelolactone. Thus, wedelolactone and its derivatives which target the EZH2-EED interaction could be candidates for the treatment of PRC2-dependent cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiming Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230039, China
| | - Shijuan Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jiandong Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Dong Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Chunjie Sheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Chen Yao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230039, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jiaoxiang Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei 230039, China
| | - Shuai Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Wenlin Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China.,The Key Laboratory of Tumor Targeted Medicine in Guangdong Province, Guangzhou Double Bio-product Inc., Guangzhou 510663, China
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38
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Sheikh UN, Cohen C, Siddiqui MT. Utility of folate receptor alpha immunohistochemistry in cytology specimens of metastatic breast carcinoma, metastatic serous carcinoma of Müllerian origin, and primary lung adenocarcinoma. Diagn Cytopathol 2016; 44:369-76. [DOI: 10.1002/dc.23448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Revised: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Umer N. Sheikh
- Department of Pathology; Emory University Hospital; Atlanta Georgia
| | - Cynthia Cohen
- Department of Pathology; Emory University Hospital; Atlanta Georgia
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39
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O'Shannessy DJ, Davis DW, Anderes K, Somers EB. Isolation of Circulating Tumor Cells from Multiple Epithelial Cancers with ApoStream(®) for Detecting (or Monitoring) the Expression of Folate Receptor Alpha. Biomark Insights 2016; 11:7-18. [PMID: 26848256 PMCID: PMC4737520 DOI: 10.4137/bmi.s35075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Revised: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
This study describes our efforts to further the field of noninvasive diagnostics, specifically in the area of liquid biopsies in oncology. We employed laser scanning cytometry using highly selective antibodies to interrogate circulating tumor cells (CTCs) that were isolated using ApoStream® technology to identify folate receptor alpha (FRα)-positive cells. We demonstrate that FRα+ CTCs can be isolated from patients with metastatic cancers, including NSCLC adenocarcinoma, breast cancer, and ovarian cancer, whereas squamous cell lung cancer and normal healthy controls were devoid of FRα+ CTCs. We believe that the developed methodology will have applications in both the diagnosis and the monitoring of FRα-expressing cancers. Folate receptor alpha (FRα) expression may have utility as a potential diagnostic and therapeutic target in solid tumors. As tissue samples are not always available for patient screening, this study evaluated a noninvasive assay in CTCs from blood samples to detect FRα expression. The presence of FRα+ CTCs enriched using ApoStream® and detected using laser capture cytometry was evaluated in blood samples from cancer patients [NSCLC adenocarcinoma (n = 14), breast cancer (n = 20), ovarian cancer (n = 6), and squamous lung cancer patients (n = 6)] and healthy subjects (n = 20). The data demonstrated that FRα+ CTCs were detected in blood from NSCLC adenocarcinoma, breast, and ovarian cancer patients, whereas squamous cell lung cancer patients and normal healthy controls lacked FRα+ CTCs as previously known. We demonstrate that CTCs captured using ApoStream® can be used to detect FRα+ CTCs and may have clinical utility as a real-time liquid biopsy for assessing FRα levels in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J O'Shannessy
- Senior Director, Translational Medicine and Diagnostics, Morphotek, Inc., Exton, PA, USA
| | | | - Kenna Anderes
- Vice President of Scientific Affairs, ApoCell, Inc., Houston, TX, USA
| | - Elizabeth B Somers
- Director Diagnostics, Translational Medicine and Diagnostics, Morphotek, Inc., Exton, PA, USA
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40
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Kurosaki A, Hasegawa K, Kato T, Abe K, Hanaoka T, Miyara A, O'Shannessy DJ, Somers EB, Yasuda M, Sekino T, Fujiwara K. Serum folate receptor alpha as a biomarker for ovarian cancer: Implications for diagnosis, prognosis and predicting its local tumor expression. Int J Cancer 2015; 138:1994-2002. [PMID: 26595060 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Revised: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Folate receptor alpha (FRA) is a GPI-anchored glycoprotein and encoded by the FOLR1 gene. High expression of FRA is observed in specific malignant tumors of epithelial origin, including ovarian cancer, but exhibits very limited normal tissue expression, making it as an attractive target for the ovarian cancer therapy. FRA is known to shed from the cell surface into the circulation which allows for its measurement in the serum of patients. Recently, methods to detect the soluble form of FRA have been developed and serum FRA (sFRA) is considered a highly promising biomarker for ovarian cancer. We prospectively investigated the levels of sFRA in patients clinically suspected of having malignant ovarian tumors. A total of 231 patients were enrolled in this study and analyzed for sFRA as well as tumor expression of FRA by immunohistochemistry. High sFRA was predominantly observed in epithelial ovarian cancer patients, but not in patients with benign or borderline gynecological disease or metastatic ovarian tumors from advanced colorectal cancers. Levels of sFRA were highly correlated to clinical stage, tumor grade and histological type and demonstrated superior accuracy for the detection of ovarian cancer than did serum CA125. High sFRA was significantly associated with shorter progression-free survival in both early and advanced ovarian cancer patients. Finally, tumor FRA expression status was strongly correlated with sFRA levels. Taken together, these data suggest that sFRA might be a useful noninvasive serum biomarkers for future clinical trials assessing FRA-targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Kurosaki
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Japan.,Gynecologic Oncology Translational Research Unit, Project Research Division, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Hidaka, Japan
| | - Kosei Hasegawa
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Japan.,Gynecologic Oncology Translational Research Unit, Project Research Division, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Hidaka, Japan
| | - Tomomi Kato
- Department of Pathology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Japan
| | - Kenji Abe
- Department of Research and Development, EIDIA Co. Ltd, Inashiki, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Hanaoka
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Japan.,Gynecologic Oncology Translational Research Unit, Project Research Division, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Hidaka, Japan
| | - Akiko Miyara
- Gynecologic Oncology Translational Research Unit, Project Research Division, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Hidaka, Japan
| | | | - Elizabeth B Somers
- Department of Translation Medicine and Diagnostics, Morphotek, Inc, Exton, PA
| | - Masanori Yasuda
- Department of Pathology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Sekino
- Department of Research and Development, EIDIA Co. Ltd, Inashiki, Japan
| | - Keiichi Fujiwara
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka, Japan.,Gynecologic Oncology Translational Research Unit, Project Research Division, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Hidaka, Japan
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41
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Increased synthesis of folate transporters regulates folate transport in conditions of ethanol exposure and folate deficiency. Mol Cell Biochem 2015; 411:151-60. [PMID: 26433955 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-015-2577-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 09/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Excessive alcohol consumption and dietary folate inadequacy are the main contributors leading to folate deficiency (FD). The present study was planned to study regulation of folate transport in conditions of FD and ethanol exposure in human embryonic kidney cell line. Also, the reversible nature of effects mediated by ethanol exposure and FD was determined by folate repletion and ethanol removal. For ethanol treatment, HEK293 cells were grown in medium containing 100 mM ethanol, and after treatment, one group of cells was shifted on medium that was free from ethanol. For FD treatment, cells were grown in folate-deficient medium followed by shifting of one group of cells on folate containing medium. FD as well as ethanol exposure resulted in an increase in folate uptake which was due to an increase in expression of folate transporters, i.e., reduced folate carrier, proton-coupled folate transporter, and folate receptor, both at the mRNA and protein level. The effects mediated by ethanol exposure and FD were reversible on removal of treatment. Promoter region methylation of folate transporters remained unaffected after FD and ethanol exposure. As far as transcription rate of folate transporters is concerned, an increase in rate of synthesis was observed in both ethanol exposure and FD conditions. Additionally, mRNA life of folate transporters was observed to be reduced by FD. An increased expression of folate transporters under ethanol exposure and FD conditions can be attributed to enhanced rate of synthesis of folate transporters.
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42
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Sheikh UN, Cohen C, Siddiqui MT. Folate Receptor Alpha Immunohistochemistry in Cytology Specimens of Metastatic Breast Carcinoma. Acta Cytol 2015; 59:298-304. [PMID: 26413911 DOI: 10.1159/000440796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Folate receptor alpha (FRA) is involved in folate accumulation and utilization, and is expressed in varying proportions in breast, ovary and parotid epithelial cells, among others. FRA overexpression by immunohistochemistry (IHC) has been shown in estrogen/progesterone receptor (ER/PR)-negative carcinoma (40-74%) and in triple-negative breast carcinoma (TNBC; 50-86%) in histological specimens of primary breast cancers. We assessed the feasibility of IHC in detecting FRA expression and its patterns and clinical significance in metastatic TNBC in fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cell blocks (CBs). MATERIALS AND METHODS Metastatic breast ductal carcinoma cases were retrospectively immunostained with FRA IHC on FNA CBs. FRA staining was scored qualitatively (+/-), by intensity (0-3) and by staining area (0-100%). Of these metastatic cases, a subset of primary breast carcinoma cases was also immunostained with FRA. The results were correlated with ER, PR and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (Her2/Neu) performed by routine IHC. RESULTS A total of 40 FNA CBs with metastatic disease were studied, including hormone (ER/PR) positive (n = 5), triple positive (n = 5), Her2/Neu-only positive (n = 5) and TNBC (n = 25). FRA IHC showed immunoreactivity with moderate positivity in only 1 (4%) TNBC. All the remaining 39 cases were negative for FRA expression. Five cases of primary TNBC were stained with FRA IHC and were negative for FRA expression. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that FRA expression by IHC was rarely associated with ER/PR-negative tumors relative to ER/PR-positive tumors and, more importantly, with TNBC in FNA CBs. This finding may have a clinical significance and prognostic implications in metastatic breast carcinoma. Furthermore, 5 primary TNBC cases did not overexpress FRA by IHC. Hence, antifolate receptor therapies do not appear to be clinically relevant in TNBC based on immunostaining of FNA CBs of metastatic breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umer N Sheikh
- Department of Pathology, Emory University Hospital, Atlanta, Ga., USA
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43
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Huang W, Chang CL, Chan BD, Jalal SI, Matei DE, Low PS, Savran CA. Concurrent Detection of Cellular and Molecular Cancer Markers Using an Immunomagnetic Flow System. Anal Chem 2015; 87:10205-12. [PMID: 26165381 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b02215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We report a detection system for simultaneous measurement of cellular and molecular markers of cancer. Magnetic beads conjugated with antibodies against a specific antigen are used to capture both free molecules and whole cells overexpressing the antigen. The target-bound beads then flow through a microfluidic chamber where they are drawn to a glass surface by an external magnetic field. The cells and molecules captured on the surface are quantitatively analyzed using fluorescent microscopy. The system was characterized by detecting free folate receptor (FR) and an FR+ cancer cell line (KB) in culture media. The system detected as low as 10 pM of FR and captured 87% of the spiked KB cells at a volumetric throughput of 3 mL/min. We further demonstrated the detection of 100 KB cells and 200 pM FR spiked into healthy human blood to simulate detection of rare cells and protein biomarkers present in a cancer patient's blood sample. The FR concentration was measured to be 244 pM (including the intrinsic FR present in the blood), and the total number of KB cells in the sample was estimated to be 98. The potential of this approach in clinical diagnostics was also demonstrated by detecting both FR+ cells and free FR in an ascites sample obtained from an ovarian cancer patient. Because of the system's capability to detect multiple targets at the same time, its high throughput, and its overall simplicity, we expect it to be highly useful in a wide range of research settings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Shadia I Jalal
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine , Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States.,Indiana University Simon Cancer Center , Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
| | - Daniela E Matei
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine , Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States.,Indiana University Simon Cancer Center , Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
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44
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Thakur S, Rahat B, Hamid A, Najar RA, Kaur J. Identification of regulatory mechanisms of intestinal folate transport in condition of folate deficiency. J Nutr Biochem 2015; 26:1084-94. [PMID: 26168702 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2015.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2014] [Revised: 04/03/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Folic acid is an essential micronutrient, deficiency of which can lead to disturbance in various metabolic processes of cell. Folate transport across intestine occurs via the involvement of specialized folate transporters viz. proton coupled folate transporter (PCFT) and reduced folate carrier (RFC), which express at the membrane surfaces. The current study was designed to identify the regulatory mechanisms underlying the effects of folate deficiency (FD) on folate transport in human intestinal cell line as well as in rats and to check the reversibility of such effects. Caco-2 cells were grown for five generations in control and FD medium. Following treatment, one subgroup of cells was shifted on folate sufficient medium and grown for three more generations. Similarly, rats were fed an FD diet for 3 and 5 months, and after 3 months of FD treatment, one group of rats were shifted on normal folate-containing diet. Increase in folate transport and expression of folate transporters were observed on FD treatment. However, when cells and rats were shifted to control conditions after treatment, transport and expression of these genes restored to the control level. FD was found to have no impact on promoter methylation of PCFT and RFC; however, messenger RNA stability of transporters was found to be decreased, suggesting some adaptive response. Overall, increased expression of transporters under FD conditions can be attributed to enhanced rate of transcription of folate transporters and also to the increased binding of specificity protein 1 transcription factor to the RFC promoter only.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa Thakur
- Department of Biochemistry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - Beenish Rahat
- Department of Biochemistry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - Abid Hamid
- Cancer Pharmacology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Rauf Ahmad Najar
- Cancer Pharmacology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Jyotdeep Kaur
- Department of Biochemistry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India.
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45
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Senol S, Ceyran AB, Aydin A, Zemheri E, Ozkanli S, Kösemetin D, Sehitoglu I, Akalin I. Folate receptor α expression and significance in endometrioid endometrium carcinoma and endometrial hyperplasia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2015; 8:5633-5641. [PMID: 26191275 PMCID: PMC4503146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/12/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Endometrioid-type endometrial carcinoma (EEC) developing on the ground of endometrial hyperplasia (EH) is amongst the most commonly observed type of cancer in the world. Folate receptor α (FRα) is a vitamin molecule that has a role in cell proliferation. The fact that FRα, which is known to be needed extremely by the cells of malignancies that proliferate rapidly, is present in limited amounts in normal tissues while it is overexpressed in malignant cells of the same tissues makes folate a candidate for target molecular therapy. In our study, FRα expression in 214 cases, with 95 diagnosed within EEC and 119 with EH, was studied immunohistochemically. FRα expression in EEC was found significantly high compared to EH and normal endometrium (P<0.01). Similarly, FRα expression in EH cases with complex atypia were significantly high compared to other hyperplasia subgroups (P<0.01). The findings of our results make us think that FRα overexpression may play a role in the EEC carcinogenesis and carcinoma progression from EH. Furthermore, we suggest that it can be helpful in the treatment of EEC and/or transition from hyperplasia stage to EEC as a molecular therapy targeting receptors labeled with antibody-based props containing FRα. Finally, we suggest that FRα may be used, based on the expression intensity, as a supplemental option to determine the patients that shall be directed to radical therapy amongst patients with complex atypical EH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serkan Senol
- Department of Pathology, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Faculty of Medicine, Goztepe Research and Training HospitalTurkey
| | - Ayse Bahar Ceyran
- Department of Pathology, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Faculty of Medicine, Goztepe Research and Training HospitalTurkey
| | - Abdullah Aydin
- Department of Pathology, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Faculty of Medicine, Goztepe Research and Training HospitalTurkey
| | - Ebru Zemheri
- Department of Pathology, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Faculty of Medicine, Goztepe Research and Training HospitalTurkey
| | - Seyma Ozkanli
- Department of Pathology, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Faculty of Medicine, Goztepe Research and Training HospitalTurkey
| | - Duygu Kösemetin
- Department of Pathology, Van Bölge Research and Training HospitalTurkey
| | - Ibrahim Sehitoglu
- Department of Pathology, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Faculty of MedicineTurkey
| | - Ibrahim Akalin
- Department of Medical Genetics, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Faculty of MedicineTurkey
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46
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Necela BM, Crozier JA, Andorfer CA, Lewis-Tuffin L, Kachergus JM, Geiger XJ, Kalari KR, Serie DJ, Sun Z, Aspita AM, O’Shannessy DJ, Maltzman JD, McCullough AE, Pockaj BA, Cunliffe HE, Ballman KV, Thompson EA, Perez EA. Folate receptor-α (FOLR1) expression and function in triple negative tumors. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0122209. [PMID: 25816016 PMCID: PMC4376802 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Folate receptor alpha (FOLR1) has been identified as a potential prognostic and therapeutic target in a number of cancers. A correlation has been shown between intense overexpression of FOLR1 in breast tumors and poor prognosis, yet there is limited examination of the distribution of FOLR1 across clinically relevant breast cancer subtypes. To explore this further, we used RNA-seq data from multiple patient cohorts to analyze the distribution of FOLR1 mRNA across breast cancer subtypes comprised of estrogen receptor positive (ER+), human epidermal growth factor receptor positive (HER2+), and triple negative (TNBC) tumors. FOLR1 expression varied within breast tumor subtypes; triple negative/basal tumors were significantly associated with increased expression of FOLR1 mRNA, compared to ER+ and HER2+ tumors. However, subsets of high level FOLR1 expressing tumors were observed in all clinical subtypes. These observations were supported by immunohistochemical analysis of tissue microarrays, with the largest number of 3+ positive tumors and highest H-scores of any subtype represented by triple negatives, and lowest by ER+ tumors. FOLR1 expression did not correlate to common clinicopathological parameters such as tumor stage and nodal status. To delineate the importance of FOLR1 overexpression in triple negative cancers, RNA-interference was used to deplete FOLR1 in overexpressing triple negative cell breast lines. Loss of FOLR1 resulted in growth inhibition, whereas FOLR1 overexpression promoted folate uptake and growth advantage in low folate conditions. Taken together, our data suggests patients with triple negative cancers expressing high FOLR1 expression represent an important population of patients that may benefit from targeted anti-FOLR1 therapy. This may prove particularly helpful for a large number of patients who would typically be classified as triple negative and who to this point have been left without any targeted treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian M. Necela
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, United Sates of America
| | - Jennifer A. Crozier
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Cathy A. Andorfer
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, United Sates of America
| | - Laura Lewis-Tuffin
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, United Sates of America
| | - Jennifer M. Kachergus
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, United Sates of America
| | - Xochiquetzal J. Geiger
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Krishna R. Kalari
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Daniel J. Serie
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida United States of America
| | - Zhifu Sun
- Department of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Alvaro Moreno Aspita
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Daniel J. O’Shannessy
- Department of Translational Medicine and Diagnostics, Morphotek, Exton, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Julia D. Maltzman
- Department of Clinical Development, Morphotek, Exton, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Ann E. McCullough
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Barbara A. Pockaj
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Heather E. Cunliffe
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Karla V. Ballman
- Department of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - E. Aubrey Thompson
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, United Sates of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Edith A. Perez
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, United Sates of America
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Dash SK, Dash SS, Chattopadhyay S, Ghosh T, Tripathy S, Mahapatra SK, Bag BG, Das D, Roy S. Folate decorated delivery of self assembled betulinic acid nano fibers: a biocompatible anti-leukemic therapy. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra01076d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The study was aimed to develop folate receptor mediated delivery of self assembled betulinic acid nano fibers to leukemic cells and to investigate their mode of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Kumar Dash
- Immunology and Microbiology Laboratory
- Department of Human Physiology with Community Health
- Vidyasagar University
- Midnapore-721 102
- India
| | - Shib Shankar Dash
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technology
- Vidyasagar University
- Midnapore 721 102
- India
| | - Sourav Chattopadhyay
- Immunology and Microbiology Laboratory
- Department of Human Physiology with Community Health
- Vidyasagar University
- Midnapore-721 102
- India
| | - Totan Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Calcutta
- Kolkata-700 009
- India
| | - Satyajit Tripathy
- Immunology and Microbiology Laboratory
- Department of Human Physiology with Community Health
- Vidyasagar University
- Midnapore-721 102
- India
| | - Santanu Kar Mahapatra
- Medicinal Chemistry and Immunology Laboratory
- Department of Biotechnology
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology
- SASTRA University
- Thanjavur-613401
| | - Braja Gopal Bag
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technology
- Vidyasagar University
- Midnapore 721 102
- India
| | - Debasis Das
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Calcutta
- Kolkata-700 009
- India
| | - Somenath Roy
- Immunology and Microbiology Laboratory
- Department of Human Physiology with Community Health
- Vidyasagar University
- Midnapore-721 102
- India
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48
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The folate receptor as a rational therapeutic target for personalized cancer treatment. Drug Resist Updat 2014; 17:89-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2014.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 249] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2014] [Revised: 08/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Assessment of Folate Receptor-α and Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Expression in Pemetrexed-Treated Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer Patients. Clin Lung Cancer 2014; 15:320-30.e1-3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cllc.2014.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Revised: 04/08/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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O'Shannessy DJ, Gustavson M, Chandrasekaran LK, Dolled-Filhart M, Somers EB. Prognostic significance of FRA expression in epithelial cancers using AQUA(®) technology. Biomark Med 2014; 7:933-46. [PMID: 24266829 DOI: 10.2217/bmm.13.85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Although agents that target FRA have advanced through clinical trials, comprehensive analyses of FRA expression in epithelial cancers compared with clinical variables and prognosis are limited. MATERIALS & METHODS FRA expression was examined in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), ovarian cancer and endometrial cancer cohorts using AQUA(®) technology. RESULTS For the NSCLC cohort, FRA expression was significantly higher in adenocarcinoma samples (p < 0.001) than other histologies, and in females (p = 0.003) versus males. High FRA expression was significantly associated with better survival in NSCLC cases (p = 0.01) while significantly and independently associated with worse prognosis in endometrial (p < 0.001) and ovarian cancers (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION These studies confirm the prognostic value of FRA in multiple indications. The opposing prognostic effects observed may suggest differential biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J O'Shannessy
- Department of Diagnostics Development, Morphotek, Inc., 210 Welsh Pool Road, Exton, PA 19341, USA
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