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Soltaninezhad P, Arab F, Mohtasham N, FakherBaheri M, Kavishahi NN, Aghaee-Bakhtiari SH, Zare-Mahmoodabadi R, Pakfetrat A, Taban KI, Mohajertehran F. Unveiling the Potential of Serum MiR-483-5p: A Promising Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarker in OLP and OSCC Patients by In silico Analysis of Differential Gene Expression. Curr Pharm Des 2024; 30:310-322. [PMID: 38310566 DOI: 10.2174/0113816128276149240108163407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and oral lichen planus (OLP) are two separate conditions affecting the mouth and result in varying clinical outcomes and levels of malignancy. Achieving early diagnosis and effective therapy planning requires the identification of reliable diagnostic biomarkers for these disorders. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have recently received attention as powerful biomarkers for various illnesses, including cancer. In particular, miR-483-5p is a promising diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in various cancers. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the role of serum miR-483-5p in the diagnosis and prognosis of OLP and OSCC patients by in silico analysis of differential gene expression. METHODS GSE23558 and GSE52130 data sets were selected, and differential gene expression analysis was performed using microarray data from GSE52130 and GSE23558. The analysis focused on comparing OLP and OSCC samples with normal samples. The genes intersected through the differential gene expression analysis were then extracted to determine the overlapping genes among the upregulated or downregulated DEGs. The downregulated genes among the DEGs were subsequently imported into the miRWalk database to search for potential target genes of miRNA 483-5p that lacked validation. To gain insight into the biological pathways associated with the DEGs, we conducted pathway analysis utilizing tools, such as Enrichr. Additionally, the cellular components associated with these DEGs were investigated by analyzing the String database. On the other hand, blood serum samples were collected from 35 OSCC patients, 34 OLP patients, and 34 healthy volunteers. The expression level of miR-483-5p was determined using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The Kruskal-Wallis test was utilized to investigate the considerable correlation. Moreover, this study explored the prognostic value of miR-483-5p through its association with clinicopathological parameters in OSCC patients. RESULTS The results showed that serum expression of miR-483-5p was considerably higher in OSCC patients compared to OLP patients and healthy controls (p 0.0001) and that this difference was statistically significant. Furthermore, elevated miR-483-5p expression was associated with tumor size, lymph node metastasis, and stage of tumor nodal metastasis in OSCC patients (p 0.001, p 0.038, and p 0.0001, respectively). In silico analysis found 71 upregulated genes at the intersection of upregulated DEGs and 44 downregulated genes at the intersection of downregulated DEGs, offering insight into the potential underlying mechanisms of miR-483-5p's engagement in OSCC and OLP. The majority of these DEGs were found to be involved in autophagy pathways, but DEGs involved in the histidine metabolism pathway showed significant results. Most of these DEGs were located in the extracellular region. After screening for downregulated genes that were invalidated, miRNA 483-5p had 7 target genes. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates the potential of serum miR-483-5p as a promising diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in OSCC and OLP patients. Its upregulation in OSCC patients and its association with advanced tumor stage and potential metastasis suggest the involvement of miR-483-5p in critical signaling pathways involved in cell proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycle regulation, making it a reliable indicator of disease progression. Nevertheless, additional experimental studies are essential to validate these findings and establish a foundation for the advancement of targeted therapies and personalized treatment approaches.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Biomarkers, Tumor/blood
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/diagnosis
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/genetics
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/blood
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology
- Computer Simulation
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Lichen Planus, Oral/genetics
- Lichen Planus, Oral/blood
- Lichen Planus, Oral/diagnosis
- MicroRNAs/blood
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- Mouth Neoplasms/genetics
- Mouth Neoplasms/blood
- Mouth Neoplasms/diagnosis
- Mouth Neoplasms/pathology
- Prognosis
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fatemeh Arab
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Nooshin Mohtasham
- Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammadhossein FakherBaheri
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Abortion Research Center, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Nima Nikbin Kavishahi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | | | - Reza Zare-Mahmoodabadi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Atessa Pakfetrat
- Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Kiarash Izadi Taban
- Dental Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farnaz Mohajertehran
- Dental Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Yang ZZ, Parchem RJ. The role of noncoding RNAs in pancreatic birth defects. Birth Defects Res 2023; 115:1785-1808. [PMID: 37066622 PMCID: PMC10579456 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.2178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Congenital defects in the pancreas can cause severe health issues such as pancreatic cancer and diabetes which require lifelong treatment. Regenerating healthy pancreatic cells to replace malfunctioning cells has been considered a promising cure for pancreatic diseases including birth defects. However, such therapies are currently unavailable in the clinic. The developmental gene regulatory network underlying pancreatic development must be reactivated for in vivo regeneration and recapitulated in vitro for cell replacement therapy. Thus, understanding the mechanisms driving pancreatic development will pave the way for regenerative therapies. Pancreatic progenitor cells are the precursors of all pancreatic cells which use epigenetic changes to control gene expression during differentiation to generate all of the distinct pancreatic cell types. Epigenetic changes involving DNA methylation and histone modifications can be controlled by noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs). Indeed, increasing evidence suggests that ncRNAs are indispensable for proper organogenesis. Here, we summarize recent insight into the role of ncRNAs in the epigenetic regulation of pancreatic development. We further discuss how disruptions in ncRNA biogenesis and expression lead to developmental defects and diseases. This review summarizes in vivo data from animal models and in vitro studies using stem cell differentiation as a model for pancreatic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyue Zoey Yang
- Development, Disease Models & Therapeutics Graduate Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ronald J Parchem
- Development, Disease Models & Therapeutics Graduate Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
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3
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Karimnia V, Stanley ME, Fitzgerald CT, Rizvi I, Slack FJ, Celli JP. Photodynamic Stromal Depletion Enhances Therapeutic Nanoparticle Delivery in 3D Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Tumor Models. Photochem Photobiol 2023; 99:120-131. [PMID: 35699307 PMCID: PMC10082669 DOI: 10.1111/php.13663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is among the most lethal of human malignancies. PDAC is characterized by dense fibrous stroma which obstructs drug delivery and plays complex tumor-promoting roles. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a light-based modality which has been demonstrated to be clinically feasible and effective for tumors of the pancreas. Here, we use in vitro heterocellular 3D co-culture models in conjunction with imaging, bulk rheology and microrheology to investigate photodegradation of non-cellular components of PDAC stroma (photodynamic stromal depletion, PSD). By measuring the rheology of extracellular matrix (ECM) before and after PDT we find that softening of ECM is concomitant with increased transport of nanoparticles (NPs). At the same time, as shown by us previously, photodestruction of stromal fibroblasts leads to enhanced tumor response to PDT. Here we specifically evaluate the capability of PSD to enhance RNA nanomedicine delivery, using a NP carrying an inhibitor of miR-21-5P, a PDAC oncomiR. We confirm improved delivery of this therapeutic NP after PSD by observation of increased expression of PDCD4, a protein target of miR-21-5P. Collectively, these results in 3D tumor models suggest that PSD could be developed to enhance delivery of other cancer therapeutics and improve tumor response to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vida Karimnia
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts at Boston, Boston, MA
| | - M Elizabeth Stanley
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Christian T Fitzgerald
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Imran Rizvi
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Frank J Slack
- Department of Pathology, BIDMC Cancer Center/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Jonathan P Celli
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts at Boston, Boston, MA
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MicroRNAs and long non-coding RNAs in pancreatic cancer: From epigenetics to potential clinical applications. Transl Oncol 2022; 27:101579. [PMID: 36332600 PMCID: PMC9637816 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2022.101579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are two relevant classes of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) that play a pivotal role in a number of molecular processes through different epigenetic regulatory mechanisms of gene expression. As a matter of fact, the altered expression of these types of RNAs leads to the development and progression of a varied range of multifactorial human diseases. Several recent reports elucidated that miRNA and lncRNAs have been implicated in pancreatic cancer (PC). For instance, dysregulation of such ncRNAs has been found to be associated with chemoresistance, apoptosis, autophagy, cell differentiation, tumor suppression, tumor growth, cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in PC. Moreover, several aberrantly expressed miRNAs and lncRNAs have the potential to be used as biomarkers for accurate PC diagnosis. Additionally, miRNAs and lncRNAs are considered as promising clinical targets for PC. Therefore, in this review, we discuss recent experimental evidence regarding the clinical implications of miRNAs and lncRNAs in the pathophysiology of PC, their future potential, as well as the challenges that have arisen in this field of study in order to drive forward the design of ncRNA-based diagnostics and therapeutics for PC.
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The Role of miR-217-5p in the Puromycin Aminonucleoside-Induced Morphological Change of Podocytes. Noncoding RNA 2022; 8:ncrna8030043. [PMID: 35736640 PMCID: PMC9229466 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna8030043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Podocytes, alternatively called glomerular epithelial cells, are terminally differentiated cells that wrap around glomerular capillaries and function as a part of the glomerular filtration barrier in the kidney. Therefore, podocyte injury with morphological alteration and detachment from glomerular capillaries leads to severe proteinuria and subsequent renal failure through glomerulosclerosis. Previous RNA sequencing analysis of primary rat podocytes exposed to puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN), a well-known experimental model of injured podocytes, identified several transcripts as being aberrantly expressed. However, how the expression of these transcripts is regulated remains unclear. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that posttranscriptionally inhibit the expression of their target transcripts. In this study, using small RNA sequencing analysis, miR-217-5p was identified as the most upregulated transcript in PAN-treated rat podocytes. MiR-217-5p overexpression in E11 podocyte cells led to shrunken cells with abnormal actin cytoskeletons. Consistent with these changes in cell morphology, gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis showed that interactive GO terms related to cell morphogenesis were enriched with the predicted targets of miR-217-5p. Of the predicted targets highly downregulated by PAN, Myosin 1d (Myo1d) is a nonmuscle myosin predicted to be involved in actin filament organization and thought to play a role in podocyte morphogenesis and injury. We demonstrated that miR-217-5p targets Myo1d by luciferase assays, qRT–PCR, and Western blotting. Furthermore, we showed that miR-217-5p was present in urine from PAN- but not saline-administrated rats. Taken together, our data suggest that miR-217-5p may serve as a therapeutic target and a biomarker for podocyte injury.
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Wang YC, Lu S, Zhou XJ, Yang L, Liu P, Zhang L, Hu Y, Dong XZ. miR-1273h-5p suppresses CXCL12 expression and inhibits gastric cancer cell invasion and metastasis. Open Med (Wars) 2022; 17:930-946. [PMID: 35647303 PMCID: PMC9113083 DOI: 10.1515/med-2022-0486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to verify the biological function of miR-1273h-5p in gastric cancer (GC) and its underlying mechanisms. The differential expression of microRNAs between GC and tumor-adjacent normal tissues was detected using microarrays, miR-1273h-5p, and chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 12 (CXCL12) mRNA, and protein levels were evaluated using polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting methods, cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion were determined by CCK-8, flow cytometry, and transwell assay. Compared to tumor-adjacent normal tissue and gastric epithelial mucosa cell line cells, miR-1273h-5p was significantly downregulated in tissues and cells of GC. The overexpression of miR-1273h-5p could inhibit cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and promote cell apoptosis; in contrast, inhibition of miR-1273h-5p expression could reverse this process. Moreover, a significant upregulation of CXCL12 was observed when the miR-1273h-5p was downregulated in GC cells. Additionally, miR-1273h-5p significantly reduces tumor volume and weight. Thus, this study suggests that miR-1273h-5p regulates cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis during GC progression by directly binding to CXCL12 mRNA 3′-untranslational regions, which may be a novel diagnostic and therapeutic target in GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chen Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Medical Supplier Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Song Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China.,College of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Xiao-Jiang Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Medical Supplier Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China.,College of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Medical Supplier Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Lan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Yuan Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, Medical Supplier Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 FuXing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Xian-Zhe Dong
- Department of Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, 45 Changchun Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China
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7
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Gunda V, Genaro-Mattos TC, Kaushal JB, Chirravuri-Venkata R, Natarajan G, Mallya K, Grandgenett PM, Mirnics K, Batra SK, Korade Z, Rachagani S. Ubiquitous Aberration in Cholesterol Metabolism across Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12010047. [PMID: 35050168 PMCID: PMC8779872 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12010047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is characterized by metabolic deregulations that often manifest as deviations in metabolite levels and aberrations in their corresponding metabolic genes across the clinical specimens and preclinical PC models. Cholesterol is one of the critical metabolites supporting PC, synthesized or acquired by PC cells. Nevertheless, the significance of the de novo cholesterol synthesis pathway has been controversial in PC, indicating the need to reassess this pathway in PC. We utilized preclinical models and clinical specimens of PC patients and cell lines and utilized mass spectrometry-based sterol analysis. Further, we also performed in silico analysis to corroborate the significance of de novo cholesterol synthesis pathway in PC. Our results demonstrated alteration in free sterol levels, including free cholesterol, across in vitro, in vivo, and clinical specimens of PC. Especially, our sterol analyses established consistent alterations in free cholesterol across the different PC models. Overall, this study demonstrates the significance and consistency in deviation of cholesterol synthesis pathway in PC while showing the aberrations in sterol metabolite intermediates and the related genes using preclinical models, in silico platforms, and the clinical specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venugopal Gunda
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (V.G.); (J.B.K.); (R.C.-V.); (G.N.); (K.M.); (S.K.B.)
| | - Thiago C. Genaro-Mattos
- Munroe-Meyer Institute for Genetics and Rehabilitation, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68106, USA; (T.C.G.-M.); (K.M.)
| | - Jyoti B. Kaushal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (V.G.); (J.B.K.); (R.C.-V.); (G.N.); (K.M.); (S.K.B.)
| | - Ramakanth Chirravuri-Venkata
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (V.G.); (J.B.K.); (R.C.-V.); (G.N.); (K.M.); (S.K.B.)
| | - Gopalakrishnan Natarajan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (V.G.); (J.B.K.); (R.C.-V.); (G.N.); (K.M.); (S.K.B.)
| | - Kavita Mallya
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (V.G.); (J.B.K.); (R.C.-V.); (G.N.); (K.M.); (S.K.B.)
| | - Paul M. Grandgenett
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA;
| | - Karoly Mirnics
- Munroe-Meyer Institute for Genetics and Rehabilitation, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68106, USA; (T.C.G.-M.); (K.M.)
| | - Surinder K. Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (V.G.); (J.B.K.); (R.C.-V.); (G.N.); (K.M.); (S.K.B.)
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Zeljka Korade
- Department of Pediatrics, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA;
| | - Satyanarayana Rachagani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; (V.G.); (J.B.K.); (R.C.-V.); (G.N.); (K.M.); (S.K.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(402)559-3312; Fax: +1-(402)559-6650
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Hasbullah HH, Musa M. Gene Therapy Targeting p53 and KRAS for Colorectal Cancer Treatment: A Myth or the Way Forward? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11941. [PMID: 34769370 PMCID: PMC8584926 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most commonly diagnosed malignancy worldwide and is responsible as one of the main causes of mortality in both men and women. Despite massive efforts to raise public awareness on early screening and significant advancements in the treatment for CRC, the majority of cases are still being diagnosed at the advanced stage. This contributes to low survivability due to this cancer. CRC patients present various genetic changes and epigenetic modifications. The most common genetic alterations associated with CRC are p53 and KRAS mutations. Gene therapy targeting defect genes such as TP53 (tumor suppressor gene encodes for p53) and KRAS (oncogene) in CRC potentially serves as an alternative treatment avenue for the disease in addition to the standard therapy. For the last decade, significant developments have been seen in gene therapy for translational purposes in treating various cancers. This includes the development of vectors as delivery vehicles. Despite the optimism revolving around targeted gene therapy for cancer treatment, it also has various limitations, such as a lack of availability of related technology, high cost of the involved procedures, and ethical issues. This article will provide a review on the potentials and challenges of gene therapy targeting p53 and KRAS for the treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marahaini Musa
- Human Genome Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia;
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MicroRNAs in Pancreatic Cancer and Chemoresistance. Pancreas 2021; 50:1334-1342. [PMID: 35041330 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0000000000001934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the leading malignancies affecting human health, largely because of the development of resistance to chemotherapy/radiotherapy. There are many mechanisms that mediate the development of drug resistance, such as the transport of antineoplastic agents into cells, shifts in energy metabolism and environment, antineoplastic agent-induced DNA damage, and genetic mutations. MicroRNAs are short, noncoding RNAs that are 20 to 24 nucleotides in length and serve several biological functions. They bind to the 3'-untranslated regions of target genes and induce target degradation or translational inhibition. MicroRNAs can regulate several target genes and mediate PDAC chemotherapy/radiotherapy resistance. The detection of novel microRNAs would not only reveal the molecular mechanisms of PDAC and resistance to chemotherapy/radiotherapy but also provide new approaches to PDAC therapy. MicroRNAs are thus potential therapeutic targets for PDAC and might be essential in uncovering new mechanisms of the disease.
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10
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Karimnia V, Slack FJ, Celli JP. Photodynamic Therapy for Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13174354. [PMID: 34503165 PMCID: PMC8431269 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13174354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is among the most lethal of human cancers. Numerous clinical trials evaluating various combinations of chemotherapy and targeted agents and radiotherapy have failed to provide meaningful improvements in survival. A growing number of studies however have indicated that photodynamic therapy (PDT) may be a viable approach for treatment of some pancreatic tumors. PDT, which uses light to activate a photosensitizing agent in target tissue, has seen widespread adoption primarily for dermatological and other applications where superficial light delivery is relatively straightforward. Advances in fiber optic light delivery and dosimetry however have been leveraged to enable PDT even for challenging internal sites, including the pancreas. The aim of this article is to help inform future directions by reviewing relevant literature on the basic science, current clinical status, and potential challenges in the development of PDT as a treatment for PDAC. Abstract Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is among the most lethal of human cancers. Clinical trials of various chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted agents and combination strategies have generally failed to provide meaningful improvement in survival for patients with unresectable disease. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a photochemistry-based approach that enables selective cell killing using tumor-localizing agents activated by visible or near-infrared light. In recent years, clinical studies have demonstrated the technical feasibility of PDT for patients with locally advanced PDAC while a growing body of preclinical literature has shown that PDT can overcome drug resistance and target problematic and aggressive disease. Emerging evidence also suggests the ability of PDT to target PDAC stroma, which is known to act as both a barrier to drug delivery and a tumor-promoting signaling partner. Here, we review the literature which indicates an emergent role of PDT in clinical management of PDAC, including the potential for combination with other targeted agents and RNA medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vida Karimnia
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts at Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA;
| | - Frank J. Slack
- Department of Pathology, BIDMC Cancer Center/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA;
| | - Jonathan P. Celli
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts at Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA;
- Correspondence:
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Mortoglou M, Tabin ZK, Arisan ED, Kocher HM, Uysal-Onganer P. Non-coding RNAs in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: New approaches for better diagnosis and therapy. Transl Oncol 2021; 14:101090. [PMID: 33831655 PMCID: PMC8042452 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2021.101090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most aggressive malignancies with a 5-year survival rate less than 8%, which has remained unchanged over the last 50 years. Early detection is particularly difficult due to the lack of disease-specific symptoms and a reliable biomarker. Multimodality treatment including chemotherapy, radiotherapy (used sparingly) and surgery has become the standard of care for patients with PDAC. Carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9) is the most common diagnostic biomarker; however, it is not specific enough especially for asymptomatic patients. Non-coding RNAs are often deregulated in human malignancies and shown to be involved in cancer-related mechanisms such as cell growth, differentiation, and cell death. Several micro, long non-coding and circular RNAs have been reported to date which are involved in PDAC. Aim of this review is to discuss the roles and functions of non-coding RNAs in diagnosis and treatments of PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Mortoglou
- Cancer Research Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London W1W 6UW, UK.
| | - Zoey Kathleen Tabin
- Cancer Research Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London W1W 6UW, UK.
| | - E Damla Arisan
- Institution of Biotechnology, Gebze Technical University, Gebze, Turkey.
| | - Hemant M Kocher
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute-a CRUK Centre of Excellence, Queen Mary University London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK.
| | - Pinar Uysal-Onganer
- Cancer Research Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London W1W 6UW, UK.
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12
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Supadmanaba IGP, Mantini G, Randazzo O, Capula M, Muller IB, Cascioferro S, Diana P, Peters GJ, Giovannetti E. Interrelationship between miRNA and splicing factors in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Epigenetics 2021; 17:381-404. [PMID: 34057028 PMCID: PMC8993068 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2021.1916697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal cancers because of diagnosis at late stage and inherent/acquired chemoresistance. Recent advances in genomic profiling and biology of this disease have not yet been translated to a relevant improvement in terms of disease management and patient’s survival. However, new possibilities for treatment may emerge from studies on key epigenetic factors. Deregulation of microRNA (miRNA) dependent gene expression and mRNA splicing are epigenetic processes that modulate the protein repertoire at the transcriptional level. These processes affect all aspects of PDAC pathogenesis and have great potential to unravel new therapeutic targets and/or biomarkers. Remarkably, several studies showed that they actually interact with each other in influencing PDAC progression. Some splicing factors directly interact with specific miRNAs and either facilitate or inhibit their expression, such as Rbfox2, which cleaves the well-known oncogenic miRNA miR-21. Conversely, miR-15a-5p and miR-25-3p significantly downregulate the splicing factor hnRNPA1 which acts also as a tumour suppressor gene and is involved in processing of miR-18a, which in turn, is a negative regulator of KRAS expression. Therefore, this review describes the interaction between splicing and miRNA, as well as bioinformatic tools to explore the effect of splicing modulation towards miRNA profiles, in order to exploit this interplay for the development of innovative treatments. Targeting aberrant splicing and deregulated miRNA, alone or in combination, may hopefully provide novel therapeutic approaches to fight the complex biology and the common treatment recalcitrance of PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Gede Putu Supadmanaba
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center (VUMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia
| | - Giulia Mantini
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center (VUMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Cancer Pharmacology Lab, AIRC Start up Unit, Fondazione Pisana per La Scienza, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ornella Randazzo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center (VUMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Dipartimento Di Scienze E Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche E Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università Degli Studi Di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Mjriam Capula
- Cancer Pharmacology Lab, AIRC Start up Unit, Fondazione Pisana per La Scienza, Pisa, Italy.,Institute of Life Sciences, Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ittai B Muller
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center (VUMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stella Cascioferro
- Dipartimento Di Scienze E Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche E Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università Degli Studi Di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Patrizia Diana
- Dipartimento Di Scienze E Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche E Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università Degli Studi Di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Godefridus J Peters
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center (VUMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Poland
| | - Elisa Giovannetti
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center (VUMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Cancer Pharmacology Lab, AIRC Start up Unit, Fondazione Pisana per La Scienza, Pisa, Italy
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13
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Chi ZC. Research status and prgoress of nonalcoholic fatty pancreatic disease. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2020; 28:933-950. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v28.i19.933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty pancreatic disease (NAFPD) is a disease characterized by an increase in pancreatic fat accumulation. It is a component of the metabolic syndrome and often coexists with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Once the diagnosis is established, it is closely related to acute and chronic pancreatitis, type 2 diabetes mellitus, pancreatic fibrosis, and pancreatic cancer. In recent years, it has been confirmed that NAFPD is closely related to cardiovascular disease, liver fibrosis, and liver cancer. The prevalence of NAFPD ranges between 11% and 69%, and increases with age. It is worth noting that the prevalence in obese children is twice as high as that in non-obese children. The high prevalence rate and complexity of the disease have aroused people's high attention. Therefore, to improve the understanding of NAFPD, fully understand the clinical significance of NAFPD, and further study its pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment require the collaboration and joint efforts of multiple disciplines, including hepatopathy, gastroenterology, endocrine metabolism, cardiovascular disease, imaging, pathology, and others. In this paper, we review the clinical significance, pathogenesis, and imaging diagnosis of NAFPD and propose our personal understanding of the key points in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Chun Chi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao 266011, Shandong Province, China
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14
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Mazza T, Gioffreda D, Fontana A, Biagini T, Carella M, Palumbo O, Maiello E, Bazzocchi F, Andriulli A, Tavano F. Clinical Significance of Circulating miR-1273g-3p and miR-122-5p in Pancreatic Cancer. Front Oncol 2020; 10:44. [PMID: 32117716 PMCID: PMC7010806 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The burden of pancreatic cancer (PanC) requires innovation in the current diagnostic approach. This study aimed to uncover new circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) that would distinguish patients with PanC from healthy subjects (HS) compared with the cancer antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9), and predict patients' clinical phenotypes and outcomes. MiRNA expression profiles in plasma were investigated by using a two-stage process. In a discovery phase, miRNAs levels were analyzed using the GeneChip™ miRNA 4.0 Affymetrix assay in 10 pools of plasma samples from PanC patients and HS; in a validation phase, significantly altered miRNAs were re-tested in independent cohorts of cancer patients and controls by droplet digital PCR (ddPCR). The diagnostic performance of the resulting miRNAs was compared to CA 19-9 determinations, and the associations of miRNAs plasma levels with patients' clinical phenotypes and outcomes were also taken into account. Bioinformatics selection of miRNAs differentially expressed in plasma uncovered miR-18a-5p, miR-122-5p, miR-1273g-3p, and miR-6126 as candidate oncogenic miRNAs in PanC. The ddPCR technology confirmed the significant over-expression of miR-122-5p, miR-1273g-3p, and miR-6126 in PanC compared to HS, in line with the trend of the CA 19-9 levels. Plasma levels of miR-1273g-3p, in combination with CA 19-9, showed higher power in distinguishing PanC patients from HS compared to the CA 19-9 tested alone, with a gain in both sensitivity and negative predictive value indicating a low false-negative rate (SE = 90.2% and NPV = 92.3% vs. SE = 82.1% and NPV = 87.9%). None of the oncogenic miRNAs were able to distinguish between a neoplastic and a proliferative/inflammatory disease of the pancreas, and were not able to stratify subjects according to the clinical risk for the disease. The only valuable association in PanC patients was found between miR-1273g-3p and tumor stage, and increased miR-122-5p levels emerged as independent negative prognostic factor for PanC patients (HR = 1.58, 95% CI = 1.03–2.43, p = 0.037). Our data highlighted a role for circulating miR-1273g-3p and miR-122-5p as new diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for PanC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Mazza
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Foggia, Italy
| | - Domenica Gioffreda
- Division of Gastroenterology and Research Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della, Foggia, Italy
| | - Andrea Fontana
- Unit of Biostatistics, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Foggia, Italy
| | - Tommaso Biagini
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Foggia, Italy
| | - Massimo Carella
- Division of Medical Genetics, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Foggia, Italy
| | - Orazio Palumbo
- Division of Medical Genetics, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Foggia, Italy
| | - Evaristo Maiello
- Department of Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Foggia, Italy
| | - Francesca Bazzocchi
- Department of Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Foggia, Italy
| | - Angelo Andriulli
- Division of Gastroenterology and Research Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della, Foggia, Italy
| | - Francesca Tavano
- Division of Gastroenterology and Research Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della, Foggia, Italy
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15
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Xu X, Yu Y, Zong K, Lv P, Gu Y. Up-regulation of IGF2BP2 by multiple mechanisms in pancreatic cancer promotes cancer proliferation by activating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:497. [PMID: 31852504 PMCID: PMC6921559 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1470-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Background The survival of pancreatic cancer patients remains poor. However, the underlying molecular mechanism and new therapeutic target of pancreatic cancer are still needed to be found. Many studies have shown that the IGF2 mRNA-binding protein 2 (IGF2BP2) plays oncogenic roles in cancers. However, the clinical significance, role and molecular mechanisms of IGF2BP2 in pancreatic cancer remain unclear. Methods The expression of IGF2BP2 and miR-141 was detected in pancreatic cancer, and clinical significances were analyzed by statistical analysis. The function of IGF2BP2 and miR-141 was determined in vitro and in vivo, and the underlying mechanism was investigated. The gene copy number variation (CNV) of IGF2BP2 was analyzed based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset. microRNAs (miRNAs) regulating IGF2BP2 were predicted by online tools and confirmed by experiments. Results IGF2BP2 is overexpressed in pancreatic cancer tissues compared with control tissues. Upregulation of IGF2BP2 predicts shorter overall survival (OS) in pancreatic cancer patients by statistical analysis. IGF2BP2 overexpression is partially due to genomic amplification. Bioinformatics analyses and validation experiments showed that IGF2BP2 is a direct target of miR-141. A negative correlation between IGF2BP2 mRNA expression and the expression of miR-141 was observed in pancreatic cancer tissues and more importantly, reexpression of miR-141 rescued the oncogenic role of IGF2BP2. Moreover, upregulating IGF2BP2 expression promotes pancreatic cancer cell growth by activating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in vitro and in vivo. Conclusions We comprehensively reveal the oncogenic role of IGF2BP2 in pancreatic cancer carcinogenesis and confirm that genomic amplification and the silencing of miR-141 contribute to its activation. Our findings highlight that IGF2BP2 may be a promising molecular target for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Xu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 Jianshe east Road, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Yan Yu
- Department of Infection Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Ke Zong
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Pengwei Lv
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 Jianshe east Road, Zhengzhou, 450000, China.
| | - Yuantin Gu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 Jianshe east Road, Zhengzhou, 450000, China.
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16
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Zhao J, Liu S, Zhang W, Ni L, Hu Z, Sheng Z, Yin B. MiR-128 inhibits the osteogenic differentiation in osteoporosis by down-regulating SIRT6 expression. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20191405. [PMID: 31477582 PMCID: PMC6757182 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20191405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 08/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in the regulation of osteogenic differentiation and chondrification in vivo The purpose of the present study was to explore the potential mechanism of miR-128 in osteoporosis (OP).Methods: Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to determine the expression of miR-128 in femoral neck trabecular bones of OP patients (n=40) and non-OP patients (n=40). C2C12 cells were transfected with miR-128 mimic or inhibitor to determine the effect of miR-128 on osteoblastic differentiation of C2C12 cells. Bioinformatics and luciferase reporter genes were used to determine the molecular mechanism of miR-128 in osteoblastic differentiation of C2C12 cells.Results: The qRT-PCR results showed that the expression level of miR-128 in bone samples of OP patients was significantly higher than that of non-OP patients, while miR-128 was significantly down-regulated during the osteogenic differentiation of C2C12 cells. In addition, the results showed that overexpression of miR-128 significantly inhibited the mRNA and protein expression levels of osteocalcin (OC), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and collagen I type-α1 (COL1A1) in C2C12 cells, while miR-128 inhibitor could reverse this effect. Bioinformatics analysis and dual-luciferase reporter assay found that silencing information regulatory protein 6 (SIRT6) was a direct target of miR-128. The qRT-PCR and Western Blot results found that miR-128 significantly down-regulated the mRNA and protein expressions of SIRT6. Furthermore, silencing SIRT6 significantly inhibited the promoting effect of the miR-128 inhibitor on the expression of osteoblast markers.Conclusion: The above results confirmed that miR-128 inhibited osteoblast differentiation in OP by down-regulating SIRT6 expression, thus accelerating the development of OP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jindong Zhao
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The Fifth Hospital of Harbin, Harbin City 150040, Heilongjiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Shaohui Liu
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The Fifth Hospital of Harbin, Harbin City 150040, Heilongjiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Wenhui Zhang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The Fifth Hospital of Harbin, Harbin City 150040, Heilongjiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Linying Ni
- Department of Orthopedic, The third affiliated hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin City 150040, Heilongjiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Zhenming Hu
- Department of Orthopedic, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing City 400000, P.R. China
| | - Zhigang Sheng
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The Fifth Hospital of Harbin, Harbin City 150040, Heilongjiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Bo Yin
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The Fifth Hospital of Harbin, Harbin City 150040, Heilongjiang Province, P.R. China
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17
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Menbari M, Rahimi K, Ahmadi A, Mohammadi‐Yeganeh S, Elyasi A, Darvishi N, Hosseini V, Abdi M. miR‐483‐3p suppresses the proliferation and progression of human triple negative breast cancer cells by targeting the
HDAC8
>oncogene. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:2631-2642. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad‐Nazir Menbari
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences Sanandaj Iran
| | - Karim Rahimi
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics‐Gene Expression and Gene Medicine Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark
| | - Abbas Ahmadi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences Sanandaj Iran
| | - Samira Mohammadi‐Yeganeh
- Medical Nanotechnology Research Center Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Anvar Elyasi
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences Sanandaj Iran
| | - Nikoo Darvishi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences Sanandaj Iran
| | - Vahedeh Hosseini
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences Sanandaj Iran
| | - Mohammad Abdi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences Sanandaj Iran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences Sanandaj Iran
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18
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Cahová M, Daňková H, Heczková M, Brátová M, Ďásková N, Baštová H, Gojda J, Wohl P. MicroRNAs as potential markers of parenteral nutrition associated liver disease in adult patients. Physiol Res 2019; 68:681-688. [PMID: 31177800 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Parenteral nutrition-associated liver disease (PNALD) is a severe complication in patients completely dependent on parenteral nutrition (PN). The gold diagnostic standard, liver biopsy, is associated with significant health risk and therefore its use is limited. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding regulatory RNA molecules with highly tissue-specific expression and the secreted miRNAs may serve as non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of a panel of specific miRNAs associated with liver diseases of different origin in PN-dependent adult patients in order to design miRNA panel enabling to precise monitoring of PNALD progression. Twelve PN-dependent patients with short bowel syndrome (SBS) were monitored on three/four-month basis for up to 24 months. Forty-five age- and sex-matched subjects without any known liver pathology served as controls. Specific miRNAs expression was determined by RT-qPCR using TaqMan probes (Thermofisher). Liver function test parameters were determined in certified clinical laboratories. Six of the tested miRNAs exhibited significantly altered expression compared with healthy controls, three of them (MIR122, MIR1273g, and MIR500a) were upregulated while three were down-regulated (MIR505, MIR199a, MIR139). MIR122 positively correlated with serum AST and ALT activities while MIR1273g positively correlated with serum CRP concentration and GGT activity. MIR505, MIR199a, and MIR139 negatively correlated with serum GGT activity. Fluctuation of these parameters well paralleled serum miRNA concentrations in all patients throughout the whole observation period. We identified six miRNAs whose serum concentrations are significantly altered in PN-dependent patients with PNALD and correlate with markers of inflammation, cholestasis or hepatic injury. Their reliability as markers of PNALD progression needs to be further evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Cahová
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic.
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19
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Ma J, Cao T, Cui Y, Zhang F, Shi Y, Xia J, Wang ZP. miR-223 Regulates Cell Proliferation and Invasion via Targeting PDS5B in Pancreatic Cancer Cells. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2019; 14:583-592. [PMID: 30776580 PMCID: PMC6378631 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2019.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidence has demonstrated that miR-223 is critically involved in the progression of pancreatic cancer (PC); however, the underlying mechanisms are not fully elucidated. In the present study, we explored the molecular basis of miR-223-mediated tumor progression in PC. We performed numerous approaches including MTT, FACS, transfection, RT-PCR, western blotting, Transwell, and animal studies to determine the physiological role of miR-223 in PC cells. We found that sister chromatid cohesion protein PDS5 homolog B (PDS5B) is a direct target of miR-223 in PC. Moreover, PDS5B exhibits tumor-suppressive function in PC cells. Consistently, ectopic overexpression of PDS5B reversed miR-223-mediated tumor progression in PC cells. These results suggest that the miR-223/PDS5B axis regulates cell proliferation and invasion in PC cells. Our findings indicated that downregulation of miR-223 could be a novel therapeutic approach for PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Ma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233030, China
| | - Tong Cao
- Department of Clinical Laboratorial Examination, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, China
| | - Yue Cui
- Research Center of Clinical Laboratory Science, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233030, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Adagene Limited Company, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
| | - Ying Shi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233030, China
| | - Jun Xia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233030, China.
| | - Z Peter Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233030, China; Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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20
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Guo G, Wang H, Shi X, Ye L, Wu K, Lin K, Ye S, Li B, Zhang H, Lin Q, Ye S, Xue X, Chen C. NovelmiRNA-25 inhibits AMPD2 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and represents a promising novel biomarker. J Transl Med 2018; 16:370. [PMID: 30577810 PMCID: PMC6303892 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-018-1739-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystemic autoimmune disease with various clinical manifestations. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and immunometabolism are recognized as key elements in SLE pathogenesis; however, the relationship between miRNAs in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and metabolism in SLE remains unclear. Methods We detected PBMC miRNA and mRNA profiles from 3 pooled SLE patients and 3 healthy controls (HCs) using next-generation sequencing, predicted miRNA targets in dysregulated mRNAs, predicted functions and interactions of differentially expressed genes using bioinformatics analysis, validated candidate miRNAs using qRT-PCR, and investigated the association between the expression of candidate miRNAs and SLE clinical characteristics. Moreover, we validated the direct and transcriptional regulatory effect of NovelmiRNA-25 on adenosine monophosphate deaminase 2 (AMPD2) using a dual-luciferase reporter assay and western blot and confirmed AMPD2 mRNA and protein expression in PBMCs using qRT-PCR and western blot, respectively. Results Multilayer integrative analysis of microRNA and mRNA regulation showed that 10 miRNAs were down-regulated and 19 miRNAs were up-regulated in SLE patient PBMCs compared with HCs. Bioinformatics analysis of regulatory networks between miRNAs and mRNAs showed that 19 miRNAs were related to metabolic processes. Two candidate miRNAs, NovelmiRNA-25 and miR-1273h-5p, which were significantly increased in the PBMCs of SLE patients (P < 0.05), represented diagnostic biomarkers with sensitivities of 94.74% and 89.47%, respectively (area under the curve = 0.574 and 0.788, respectively). NovelmiRNA-25 expression in PBMCs was associated with disease activity in SLE patients, in both active and stable groups (P < 0.05). NovelmiRNA-25 overexpression downregulated AMPD2 expression in HEK293T cells through direct targeting of the AMPD2 3ʹUTR (P < 0.01), while inhibition of NovelmiRNA-25 activity led to increased AMPD2 expression (P < 0.01). NovelmiRNA-25 overexpression also downregulated AMPD2 protein expression in HEK293T cells; AMPD2 protein expression in SLE patient PBMCs was decreased. Our results show that differentially expressed miRNAs play an important role in SLE. Conclusions Our data demonstrate a novel mechanism in SLE development that involves the targeting of AMPD2 expression by NovelmiRNA-25. miRNAs may serve as novel biomarkers for the diagnosis and evaluation of disease activity of SLE and represent potential therapeutic targets for this disease. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12967-018-1739-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gangqiang Guo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Huijing Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, South Campus, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Xinyu Shi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Lele Ye
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Kai Wu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Kangmin Lin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Sisi Ye
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Baoqing Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Huidi Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Qiaoai Lin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Shuang Ye
- Department of Rheumatology, South Campus, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Xiangyang Xue
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
| | - Chaosheng Chen
- Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
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21
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Zhang L, Yu S, Wang C, Jia C, Lu Z, Chen J. Establishment of a non‑coding RNAomics screening platform for the regulation of KRAS in pancreatic cancer by RNA sequencing. Int J Oncol 2018; 53:2659-2670. [PMID: 30221677 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Shuangni Yu
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Cuiping Wang
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Congwei Jia
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Zhaohui Lu
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
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Wei G, Sun L, Qin S, Li R, Chen L, Jin P, Ma F. Dme-Hsa Disease Database (DHDD): Conserved Human Disease-Related miRNA and Their Targeting Genes in Drosophila melanogaster. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19092642. [PMID: 30200613 PMCID: PMC6163619 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal expressions of microRNA (miRNA) can result in human diseases such as cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. MiRNA mainly exert their biological functions via repressing the expression of their target genes. Drosophila melanogaster (D. melanogaster) is an ideal model for studying the molecular mechanisms behind biological phenotypes, including human diseases. In this study, we collected human and D. melanogaster miRNA as well as known human disease-related genes. In total, we identified 136 human disease-related miRNA that are orthologous to 83 D. melanogaster miRNA by mapping "seed sequence", and 677 human disease-related genes that are orthologous to 734 D. melanogaster genes using the DRSC Integrative Ortholog Prediction Tool Furthermore, we revealed the target relationship between genes and miRNA using miRTarBase database and target prediction software, including miRanda and TargetScan. In addition, we visualized interaction networks and signalling pathways for these filtered miRNA and target genes. Finally, we compiled all the above data and information to generate a database designated DHDD This is the first comprehensive collection of human disease-related miRNA and their targeting genes conserved in a D. melanogaster database. The DHDD provides a resource for easily searching human disease-related miRNA and their disease-related target genes as well as their orthologs in D. melanogaster, and conveniently identifying the regulatory relationships among them in the form of a visual network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanyun Wei
- Laboratory for Comparative Genomics and Bioinformatics & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, Jiangsu, China.
- School of Life Sciences, School of Ocean Nantong University, Nantong 226019, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Lianjie Sun
- Laboratory for Comparative Genomics and Bioinformatics & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Shijie Qin
- Laboratory for Comparative Genomics and Bioinformatics & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Ruimin Li
- Laboratory for Comparative Genomics and Bioinformatics & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Liming Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Ping Jin
- Laboratory for Comparative Genomics and Bioinformatics & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Fei Ma
- Laboratory for Comparative Genomics and Bioinformatics & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, Jiangsu, China.
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Dong X, Kong C, Liu X, Bi J, Li Z, Li Z, Zhu Y, Zhang Z. GAS5 functions as a ceRNA to regulate hZIP1 expression by sponging miR-223 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Am J Cancer Res 2018; 8:1414-1426. [PMID: 30210913 PMCID: PMC6129482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Several studies have shown that low expression of hZIP1 is closely associated with many human cancers, including clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). In this study, we aimed to explore the potential mechanism responsible for hZIP1 silencing and revealed a novel regulatory pathway in the pathogenesis of ccRCC. Here, miR-223 was predicted and experimentally validated to be a regulator of hZIP1, and its expression was negatively correlated with the mRNA levels of hZIP1 in primary tumors. Upregulation of hZIP1 inhibited cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, and invasion and induced apoptosis, while inhibition of miR-223 showed the opposite effect on cellular processes. Moreover, GAS5 interacted with miR-223 and was markedly downregulated in tumors. Knockdown of GAS5 partially reversed the effect of the miR-223 inhibitor on cell proliferation, cell cycle distribution, apoptosis and invasion. In addition, GAS5 acted as a molecular sponge to positively regulate the mRNA and protein levels of hZIP1 via regulating miR-223. The tumorigenicity of ccRCC cells was enhanced by silencing GAS5 but diminished by overexpression of hZIP1 in vivo. Clinically, the low expression of hZIP1 was significantly correlated with advanced clinical stage and Fuhrman stage. Downregulation of GAS5 indicated tumor progression and recurrence and was independently associated with disease-free survival of patients. Taken together, our results suggest that GAS5 may act as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) to regulate hZIP1 by sponging miR-223 in the progression of ccRCC and that targeting the GAS5/miR-223/hZIP1 axis may serve as a therapeutic strategy for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Dong
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University 155 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang 110002, Liaoning, China
| | - Chuize Kong
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University 155 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang 110002, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiankui Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University 155 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang 110002, Liaoning, China
| | - Jianbin Bi
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University 155 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang 110002, Liaoning, China
| | - Zhenhua Li
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University 155 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang 110002, Liaoning, China
| | - Zeliang Li
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University 155 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang 110002, Liaoning, China
| | - Yuyan Zhu
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University 155 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang 110002, Liaoning, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University 155 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang 110002, Liaoning, China
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24
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Gilles ME, Hao L, Huang L, Rupaimoole R, Lopez-Casas PP, Pulver E, Jeong JC, Muthuswamy SK, Hidalgo M, Bhatia SN, Slack FJ. Personalized RNA Medicine for Pancreatic Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2018; 24:1734-1747. [PMID: 29330203 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-17-2733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Since drug responses vary between patients, it is crucial to develop pre-clinical or co-clinical strategies that forecast patient response. In this study, we tested whether RNA-based therapeutics were suitable for personalized medicine by using patient-derived-organoid (PDO) and patient-derived-xenograft (PDX) models.Experimental Design: We performed microRNA (miRNA) profiling of PDX samples to determine the status of miRNA deregulation in individual pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) patients. To deliver personalized RNA-based-therapy targeting oncogenic miRNAs that form part of this common PDAC miRNA over-expression signature, we packaged antimiR oligonucleotides against one of these miRNAs in tumor-penetrating nanocomplexes (TPN) targeting cell surface proteins on PDAC tumors.Results: As a validation for our pre-clinical strategy, the therapeutic potential of one of our nano-drugs, TPN-21, was first shown to decrease tumor cell growth and survival in PDO avatars for individual patients, then in their PDX avatars.Conclusions: This general approach appears suitable for co-clinical validation of personalized RNA medicine and paves the way to prospectively identify patients with eligible miRNA profiles for personalized RNA-based therapy. Clin Cancer Res; 24(7); 1734-47. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maud-Emmanuelle Gilles
- Harvard Medical School Initiative for RNA Medicine, Department of Pathology, Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Liangliang Hao
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Marble Center for Cancer Nanomedicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Ling Huang
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Rajesha Rupaimoole
- Harvard Medical School Initiative for RNA Medicine, Department of Pathology, Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Emilia Pulver
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Jong Cheol Jeong
- Harvard Medical School Initiative for RNA Medicine, Department of Pathology, Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- The division of Biomedical Informatics, The Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Senthil K Muthuswamy
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Manuel Hidalgo
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sangeeta N Bhatia
- Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Marble Center for Cancer Nanomedicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Frank J Slack
- Harvard Medical School Initiative for RNA Medicine, Department of Pathology, Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
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25
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Porru M, Pompili L, Caruso C, Biroccio A, Leonetti C. Targeting KRAS in metastatic colorectal cancer: current strategies and emerging opportunities. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2018. [PMID: 29534749 PMCID: PMC5850913 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-018-0719-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Developing drugs that target KRAS, the most frequently mutated oncogene in cancer, has not been successful despite much concerted efforts dedicated towards it in the last thirty years. Considering the key role this driver oncogene plays, the pharmacological drugging of KRAS remains a key challenge for cancer research. In this review, we highlight the emerging experimental strategies for blocking KRAS function and signaling and its direct targeting. We also report on the results in this field of research produced by our group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Porru
- UOSD SAFU, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Pompili
- UOSD SAFU, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.,University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
| | | | - Annamaria Biroccio
- Oncogenomic and Epigenetic Unit, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.
| | - Carlo Leonetti
- UOSD SAFU, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.
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26
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Zhou W, Yang W, Ma J, Zhang H, Li Z, Zhang L, Liu J, Han Z, Wang H, Hong L. Role of miR-483 in digestive tract cancers: from basic research to clinical value. J Cancer 2018; 9:407-414. [PMID: 29344287 PMCID: PMC5771348 DOI: 10.7150/jca.21394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Digestive tract cancers (DTCs) is the most common malignant tumors in the world. Despite surgery and medical technology have witnessed the increasing development and sharp advancement in the past decade, DTCs remain a critical concern with high morbidity and mortality. Since a class of small noncoding RNAs termed miRNAs were identified several years ago, increasing studies have attempted to illustrate the relationship between the specific miRNAs dysregulated expression levels and the diseases phenotypic changes. For example, microRNA-483 (miR-483) aberrant expression plays a pivotal part in tumor biology in a variety of human cancer, including DTCs. In this review, we focus on the present key findings from recent profiling studies, discuss the use of miR-483 as a novel biomarker for DTCs. At the same time, we emphasize the significant diversities and technical difficulties must be overcome before clinically relevant signatures arose. It is believed that this might provide researchers an insight into the molecular targeting cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhou
- Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Wanli Yang
- Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jiaojiao Ma
- Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Zeng Li
- Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, NO.406 Hospital, Dalian 116041, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jinqiang Liu
- Xinyang Cadres Sanatorium of Wuhan Military Logistics Base, Xinyang 464000, Henan Province, China
| | - Zhenyu Han
- Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Hu Wang
- Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Liu Hong
- Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
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27
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Hong X, Zhang J, Wu Q, Wang W, Ye AY, Song W, Dai H, Wang X, Wu F, You L, Wu W, Zhao Y. Challenges in detecting pre-malignant pancreatic lesions during acute pancreatitis using a serum microRNA assay: a study based on KrasG12D transgenic mice. Oncotarget 2017; 7:22700-10. [PMID: 27009811 PMCID: PMC5008393 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Caerulein-induced acute pancreatitis accelerates the progression of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN) lesions in a pancreas-specific KrasG12D mouse model. The purpose of this study was to explore whether serum microRNAs (miRNAs) can serve as sensitive biomarkers to detect occult PanIN in the setting of acute pancreatitis. Serum miRNA profiles were quantified by an array-based method and normalized by both Variance Stabilization Normalization (VSN) and invariant methods. Individual miRNAs were validated by TaqMan real-time PCR with synthetic spike-in C. elegans miRNAs as external controls. Serum miRNA profiles distinguished KrasG12D mice with pancreatitis from wild-type mice without pancreatitis, but failed to differentiate KrasG12D mice with pancreatitis from wild-type mice with pancreatitis. Most individual miRNAs that increased in KrasG12D mice with pancreatitis were not significantly different between KrasG12D mice without pancreatitis and wild-type mice without pancreatitis. Mechanistically, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) of the mRNA array data and immunohistochemical assays showed that caerulein-induced acute pancreatitis involved acinar cell loss and immune cell infiltration, which might contribute to serum miRNA profile changes. This study highlighted the challenges in using sensitive serum miRNA biomarker screening for the early detection of pancreatic malignancies during acute pancreatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiafei Hong
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Qiao Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Wenze Wang
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Adam Yongxin Ye
- Center for Bioinformatics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Wei Song
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Hongmei Dai
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Xianze Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Fan Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Lei You
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Wenming Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yupei Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
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28
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Karmakar S, Kaushik G, Nimmakayala R, Rachagani S, Ponnusamy MP, Batra SK. MicroRNA regulation of K-Ras in pancreatic cancer and opportunities for therapeutic intervention. Semin Cancer Biol 2017; 54:63-71. [PMID: 29199014 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2017.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The Ras family of GTPases is involved in cell proliferation, cell survival, and angiogenesis. It is upregulated in several cancers, including pancreatic cancer (PC) and leads to uncontrolled growth and aggressiveness. PC is well known to be a lethal disease with poor prognosis, plagued by limited therapeutic modalities. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), which are short non-coding RNA molecules, have recently emerged as regulators of signaling networks and have shown potential to target pathway components for therapeutic use in several malignancies. K-Ras mutations are widespread in PC cases (90%), with mutations detectable as early as pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasias and in later metastatic stages alike; therefore, these mutations in K-Ras are obvious drivers and potential targets for PC therapy. Several K-Ras targeting miRNAs have lately been discovered, and many of them have shown promise in combating pancreatic tumor growth in vitro and in mouse models. However, the field of miRNA therapy is still in its infancy, and miRNA mimics or anti-miRNA oligonucleotides that target Ras pathway have thus far not been evaluated in PC patients. In this review, we summarize the role of several miRNAs that regulate oncogenic K-Ras signaling in PC, with their prospective roles as therapeutic agents for targeting K-Ras pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saswati Karmakar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Garima Kaushik
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Ramakrishna Nimmakayala
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Satyanarayana Rachagani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Moorthy P Ponnusamy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA; Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases and Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
| | - Surinder K Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA; Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases and Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
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29
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Ma L, Yang Y, Sun X, Jiang M, Ma Y, Yang X, Guo Z. Propofol regulates the expression of TLR4 through miR‑21 in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:9074-9080. [PMID: 29039542 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Propofol (2,6-diisopropylphenol) is one of the most commonly used intravenous anesthetics. Anesthetics can regulate the inflammatory process; however, the mechanism remains to be fully elucidated. The present study aimed to investigate whether and how propofol affects the inflammatory reaction in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). The expression levels of Toll‑like receptor 4 (TLR4) and cluster of differentiation 14 (CD14) were determined in HUVECs treated with propofol and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) using western blot and reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction analyses. In addition, whether propofol regulated the expression of TLR4 though microRNA (miR)‑21 was examined. The results showed that LPS promoted the expression levels of TLR4, CD14 and tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), and suppressed the expression of miR‑21 in HUVECs. Propofol suppressed the expression levels of TLR4, CD14 and TNFα, and upregulated the expression of miR‑21 in a concentration‑dependent manner. miR‑21 downregulated the expression of TLR4 at the mRNA and protein levels, whereas the miR‑21 mimic reversed the effect of LPS on the expression of TLR4. In addition, the miR‑21 inhibitor inhibited the downregulatory effect of propofol on the expression of TLR4. TargetScan analysis showed that TLR4 was included in the list of targets of miR‑21. Fluorescent reporter assays showed that the miR‑21 mimic and propofol treatment reduced the fluorescence intensity in cells transfected with a reporter vector containing the wild‑type TLR4 3'‑untranslated region. Taken together, the results of the present study demonstrated that propofol regulated the expression of TLR4 in HUVECs through miR‑21.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Yue Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Xuechen Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Meiling Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Yang Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Xilun Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Zhiwei Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
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30
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Jiang C, Yu M, Xie X, Huang G, Peng Y, Ren D, Lin M, Liu B, Liu M, Wang W, Kuang M. miR-217 targeting DKK1 promotes cancer stem cell properties via activation of the Wnt signaling pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncol Rep 2017; 38:2351-2359. [PMID: 28849121 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignancies and exhibits heterogeneity in terms of clinical outcomes and biological activities. Emerging evidence has demonstrated that cancer stem cells (CSCs) play important roles in the tumorigenesis and progression of HCC. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the stemness maintenance of CSCs remain largely unknown. In the present study, through real-time PCR, western blotting, luciferase assays, RNA immunoprecipitation, and in vitro and in vivo assays, we demonstrated that miR-217 expression was markedly increased in HCC tissues and cells. Overexpression of miR-217 promoted, while silencing miR-217 suppressed, the fraction of the side population and the expression of cancer stem cell factors in vitro and tumorigenicity in vivo in HCC cells. Our findings further demonstrated that miR-217 promoted the CSC-like phenotype via dickkopf-1 (DKK1) targeting, resulting in constitutive activation of Wnt signaling. Moreover, the stimulatory effects of miR-217 on stem cell properties and Wnt signaling were antagonized by the upregulation of DKK1 in miR-217-overexpressing cells. Conversely, the inhibitory effects of silencing miR-217 on stem cell properties and Wnt signaling were reversed by the downregulation of DKK1 in miR-217-downregulated cells. Therefore, our results indicate that miR-217 plays a vital role in the CSC-like phenotypes of HCC cells and may be used as a potential therapeutic target against HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlin Jiang
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Miao Yu
- Center for Private Medical Service and Healthcare, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Xie
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Guangliang Huang
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Yao Peng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Dong Ren
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery/Orthopaedic Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Manxia Lin
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Baoxian Liu
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Ming Liu
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Ming Kuang
- Division of Interventional Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
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31
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Yonemori K, Seki N, Idichi T, Kurahara H, Osako Y, Koshizuka K, Arai T, Okato A, Kita Y, Arigami T, Mataki Y, Kijima Y, Maemura K, Natsugoe S. The microRNA expression signature of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma by RNA sequencing: anti-tumour functions of the microRNA-216 cluster. Oncotarget 2017; 8:70097-70115. [PMID: 29050264 PMCID: PMC5642539 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We analysed the RNA sequence-based microRNA (miRNA) signature of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Aberrantly expressed miRNAs were successfully identified in this signature. Using the PDAC signature, we focused on 4 clustered miRNAs, miR-216a-5p, miR-216a-3p, miR-216b-5p and miR-216b-3p on human chromosome 2p16.1. All members of the miR-216 cluster were significantly reduced in PDAC specimens. Ectopic expression of these miRNAs suppressed cancer cell aggressiveness, suggesting miR-216 cluster as anti-tumour miRNAs in PDAC cells. The impact of miR-216b-3p (passenger strand of pre-miR-216b) on cancer cells is still ambiguous. Forkhead box Q1 (FOXQ1) was directly regulated by miR-216b-3p and overexpression of FOXQ1 was confirmed in clinical specimens. High expression of FOXQ1 predicted a shorter survival of patients with PDAC by Kaplan–Meier analysis. Loss-of-function assays showed that cancer cell migration and invasion activities were significantly reduced by siFOXQ1 transfectants. We investigated pathways downstream from FOXQ1 by using genome-wide gene expression analysis. Identification of the miR-216-3p/FOXQ1-mediated network in PDAC should enhance understanding of PDAC aggressiveness at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichi Yonemori
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kagoshima University, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8520, Japan
| | - Naohiko Seki
- Department of Functional Genomics, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Idichi
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kagoshima University, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8520, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kurahara
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kagoshima University, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8520, Japan
| | - Yusaku Osako
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kagoshima University, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8520, Japan
| | - Keiichi Koshizuka
- Department of Functional Genomics, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Takayuki Arai
- Department of Functional Genomics, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Atsushi Okato
- Department of Functional Genomics, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Kita
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kagoshima University, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8520, Japan
| | - Takaaki Arigami
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kagoshima University, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8520, Japan
| | - Yuko Mataki
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kagoshima University, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8520, Japan
| | - Yuko Kijima
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kagoshima University, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8520, Japan
| | - Kosei Maemura
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kagoshima University, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8520, Japan
| | - Shoji Natsugoe
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kagoshima University, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8520, Japan
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Xu Z, Li C, Qu H, Li H, Gu Q, Xu J. MicroRNA-195 inhibits the proliferation and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells by targeting the fatty acid synthase/Wnt signaling pathway. Tumour Biol 2017. [PMID: 28639885 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317711324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that microRNAs are critical regulators of cancer development and progression. MicroRNA-195 has been reported as a cancer-related microRNA in many human cancers. However, the role of microRNA-195 in pancreatic cancer remains largely unknown. Here, we show that microRNA-195 is downregulated in pancreatic cancer tissues and cell line. Also, we show that overexpression of microRNA-195 inhibits the proliferation and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells, whereas suppression of microRNA-195 promotes proliferation and invasion. We show that microRNA-195 directly targets the fatty acid synthase enzyme and negatively regulates the expression of fatty acid synthase. Also, we show that fatty acid synthase expression is inversely correlated with microRNA-195 expression in pancreatic cancer tissues. Moreover, our results show that microRNA-195 inhibits Wnt signaling in pancreatic cancer cells. By restoring fatty acid synthase expression, we were able to reverse the antitumor effects of microRNA-195 in pancreatic cancer cells. Taken together, our findings show that microRNA-195 inhibits pancreatic cancer cell proliferation and invasion by regulating the fatty acid synthase/Wnt signaling pathway, suggesting a tumor suppressive role for microRNA-195 in the development and progression of pancreatic cancer. Thus, inhibiting fatty acid synthase by microRNA-195 may serve as a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Xu
- 1 Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Chunli Li
- 2 Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Hui Qu
- 1 Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Huiling Li
- 1 Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Qiaoyan Gu
- 3 Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yan'an University, Yan'an, P.R. China
| | - Jing Xu
- 1 Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
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Lu X, Wang H, Su Z, Cai L, Li W. MicroRNA-342 inhibits the progression of glioma by directly targeting PAK4. Oncol Rep 2017; 38:1240-1250. [PMID: 28677773 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioma is an extremely aggressive and lethal type of brain tumour that originates from glial cells. MicroRNA (miRNA) dysregulation has been implicated in the occurrence and progression of many human cancers, including glioma. Thus, some specific miRNAs are potential therapeutic targets for glioma diagnosis, therapy and prognosis. MicroRNA-342 (miR‑342) has been reported to be abnormally expressed in various types of cancer. However, the precise roles of miR‑342 in glioma remain unknown. The present study showed that miR‑342 is relatively downregulated in glioma tissues and cell lines compared with that in adjacent normal tissues and normal human astrocytes. We observed that low miR‑342 expression levels are correlated with advanced WHO grades and low KPS scores of glioma patients. In addition, the results of the functional assays demonstrated that miR‑342 overexpression inhibits the proliferation and invasion of glioma cells and induces apoptosis. Further investigation revealed that P21 activated kinases 4 (PAK4) is a direct target of miR‑342 in glioma. PAK4 was significantly upregulated in glioma tissues and inversely correlated with miR‑342 expression. Moreover, PAK4 knockdown can mimic the effects of miR‑342 on glioma cell proliferation, invasion and apoptosis. Notably, restoration of expression of PAK4 reversed the suppressive effects induced by the miR‑342 in the glioma cells. The upregulation of miR‑342 inactivated the AKT and ERK pathways in glioma. These findings may contribute to the understanding of the molecular mechanism underlying the carcinogenesis and progression of glioma, and to provide novel therapeutic target for the treatment of glioma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianghe Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Haowen Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Zhipeng Su
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Lin Cai
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Wenfeng Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
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Gautam SK, Kumar S, Cannon A, Hall B, Bhatia R, Nasser MW, Mahapatra S, Batra SK, Jain M. MUC4 mucin- a therapeutic target for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2017; 21:657-669. [PMID: 28460571 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2017.1323880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pancreatic cancer (PC) is characterized by mucin overexpression. MUC4 is the most differentially overexpressed membrane-bound mucin that plays a functional role in disease progression and therapy resistance. Area covered: We describe the clinicopathological significance of MUC4, summarize mechanisms contributing to its deregulated expression, review preclinical studies aimed at inhibiting MUC4, and discuss how MUC4 overexpression provides opportunities for developing targeted therapies. Finally, we discuss the challenges for developing MUC4-based therapeutics, and identify areas where efforts should be directed to effectively exploit MUC4 as a therapeutic target for PC. Expert opinion: Studies demonstrating that abrogation of MUC4 expression reduces proliferation and metastasis of PC cells and enhances sensitivity to therapeutic agents affirm its utility as a therapeutic target. Emerging evidence also supports the suitability of MUC4 as a potential immunotherapy target. However, these studies have been limited to in vitro, ex vivo or in vivo approaches using xenograft tumors in immunodeficient murine models. For translational relevance, MUC4-targeted therapies should be evaluated in murine models with intact immune system and accurate tumor microenvironment. Additionally, future studies evaluating MUC4 as a target for immunotherapy must entail characterization of immune response in PC patients and investigate its association with immunosuppression and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shailendra K Gautam
- a Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA
| | - Sushil Kumar
- a Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA
| | - Andrew Cannon
- a Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA
| | - Bradley Hall
- a Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA.,b Department of Surgery , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA
| | - Rakesh Bhatia
- a Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA
| | - Mohd Wasim Nasser
- a Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA
| | - Sidharth Mahapatra
- a Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA.,d Department of Pediatrics , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA.,e Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA
| | - Surinder K Batra
- a Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA.,c Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA.,e Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA
| | - Maneesh Jain
- a Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA.,e Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , NE , USA
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Dai J, Li Q, Bing Z, Zhang Y, Niu L, Yin H, Yuan G, Pan Y. Comprehensive analysis of a microRNA expression profile in pediatric medulloblastoma. Mol Med Rep 2017; 15:4109-4115. [PMID: 28440450 PMCID: PMC5436210 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Medulloblastoma is the most common malignant brain tumor of the central nervous system among children. Medulloblastoma is an embryonal tumor, of which little is known about the pathogenesis. Several efforts have been made to understand the molecular aspects of its tumorigenic pathways; however, these are poorly understood. microRNA (miRNA), a type of non-coding short RNA, has been proven to be associated with a number of physiological processes and pathological processes of serious diseases, including brain tumors. Differentially expressed miRNAs serve an important role in numerous types of malignancy. The present study aims to define a differentially expressed set of miRNAs in medulloblastoma tumor tissue, compared with normal samples, to improve the understanding of the tumorigenesis. It was identified that 22 miRNAs were upregulated and 26 miRNAs were downregulated in the tumor tissue compared with the normal group. However, when the medulloblastoma tissue was compared with normal cerebellum tissue, 9 miRNAs were identified to be up or downregulated in the tumor samples. The differentially expressed miRNAs in the tumor tissue were identified in order to clarify the networks and pathways of tumorigenesis using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis. Subsequently, key regulatory genes associated with the development of medulloblastoma were identified, including tumor protein p53, insulin like growth factor 1 receptor, argonaute 2, mitogen-activated protein kinases 1 and 3, sirtuin 1 and Y box binding protein 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junqiang Dai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, P.R. China
| | - Qiao Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, P.R. China
| | - Zhitong Bing
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Yinian Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, P.R. China
| | - Liang Niu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, P.R. China
| | - Hang Yin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, P.R. China
| | - Guoqiang Yuan
- Institute of Neurology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, P.R. China
| | - Yawen Pan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, P.R. China
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Weisbeck A, Jansen RJ. Nutrients and the Pancreas: An Epigenetic Perspective. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9030283. [PMID: 28294968 PMCID: PMC5372946 DOI: 10.3390/nu9030283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Revised: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is the fourth most common cause of cancer-related deaths with a dismal average five-year survival rate of six percent. Substitutional progress has been made in understanding how pancreatic cancer develops and progresses. Evidence is mounting which demonstrates that diet and nutrition are key factors in carcinogenesis. In particular, diets low in folate and high in fruits, vegetables, red/processed meat, and saturated fat have been identified as pancreatic cancer risk factors with a proposed mechanism involving epigenetic modifications or gene regulation. We review the current literature assessing the correlation between diet, epigenetics, and pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andee Weisbeck
- Department of Public Health, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58102, USA.
| | - Rick J Jansen
- Department of Public Health, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58102, USA.
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Bioinformatic analysis of microRNA and mRNA Regulation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Respir Res 2017; 18:4. [PMID: 28057018 PMCID: PMC5217451 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-016-0486-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive, irreversible chronic inflammatory disorder typified by increased recruitment of monocytes, lymphocytes and neutrophils. Because of this, as well as the convenience of peripheral blood nuclear cells (PBMCs) assessments, miRNA profiling of PBMCs has drawn increasing attention in recent years for various disease. Therefore, we analyzed miRNA and mRNA profiles to understand their regulatory network between COPD subjects versus smokers without airflow limitation. METHODS miRNA and mRNA profiling of PBMCs from pooled 17 smokers and 14 COPD subjects was detected by high-throughput microarray. The expression of dysregulated miRNAs were validated by q-PCR. The miRNA targets in dysregulated mRNAs were predicted and the pathway enrichment was analyzed. RESULTS miRNA microarray showed that 8 miRNAs were up-regulated and 3 miRNAs were down-regulated in COPD subjects compared with smokers; the upregulation of miR-24-3p, miR-93-5p, miR-320a and miR-320b and the downregulation of miR-1273 g-3p were then validated. Bioinformatic analysis of regulatory network between miRNA and mRNA showed that NOD and TLR were the most enriched pathways. miR-24-3p was predicted to regulate IL-18, IL-1β, TNF, CCL3 and CCL4 and miR-93-5p to regulate IκBα. CONCLUSIONS The expression of miRNA and mRNA were dysregulated in PBMCs of COPD patients compared with smokers without airflow limitation. The regulation network between the dysregulated miRNA and mRNA may provide potential therapeutic targets for COPD.
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Azevedo-Pouly ACP, Sutaria DS, Jiang J, Elgamal OA, Amari F, Allard D, Grippo PJ, Coppola V, Schmittgen TD. miR-216 and miR-217 expression is reduced in transgenic mouse models of pancreatic adenocarcinoma, knockout of miR-216/miR-217 host gene is embryonic lethal. Funct Integr Genomics 2016; 17:203-212. [PMID: 27541609 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-016-0512-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Revised: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mice harboring a G12D activating Kras mutation are among the most heavily studied models in the field of pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) research. miRNAs are differentially expressed in PDAC from patients and mouse models of PDAC. To better understand the relationship that Kras activation has on miRNA expression, we profiled the expression of 629 miRNAs in RNA isolated from the pancreas of control, young, and old P48+/Cre;LSL-KRASG12D as well as PDX-1-Cre;LSL-KRASG12D mice. One hundred of the differentially expressed miRNAs had increased expression in the advanced disease (old) P48+/Cre;LSL-KRASG12D compared to wild-type mice. Interestingly, the expression of three miRNAs, miR-216a, miR-216b, and miR-217, located within a ∼30-kbp region on 11qA3.3, decreased with age (and phenotype severity) in these mice. miR-216/-217 expression was also evaluated in another acinar-specific ELa-KrasG12D mouse model and was downregulated as well. As miR-216/-217 are acinar enriched, reduced in human PDAC and target KRAS, we hypothesized that they may maintain acinar differentiation or represent tumor suppressive miRNAs. To test this hypothesis, we deleted a 27.9-kbp region of 11qA3.3 containing the miR-216/-217 host gene in the mouse's germ line. We report that germ line deletion of this cluster is embryonic lethal in the mouse. We estimate that lethality occurs shortly after E9.5. qPCR analysis of the miR-216b and miR-217 expression in the heterozygous animals showed no difference in expression, suggesting haplosufficiency by some type of compensatory mechanism. We present the differential miRNA expression in KrasG12D transgenic mice and report lethality from deletion of the miR-216/-217 host gene in the mouse's germ line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Clara P Azevedo-Pouly
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | | | - Jinmai Jiang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Ola A Elgamal
- College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Foued Amari
- College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | - Paul J Grippo
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Vincenzo Coppola
- College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Thomas D Schmittgen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
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Ma J, Zeng F, Ma C, Pang H, Fang B, Lian C, Yin B, Zhang X, Wang Z, Xia J. Synergistic reversal effect of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition by miR-223 inhibitor and genistein in gemcitabine-resistant pancreatic cancer cells. Am J Cancer Res 2016; 6:1384-95. [PMID: 27429851 PMCID: PMC4937740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging studies have demonstrated that EMT phenotype is closely related with tumor progression and drug resistance in a variety of human cancers. Recently, it has been extensively demonstrated that microRNAs (miRNAs) play a pivotal role in regulating EMT. In our previously reports, we have reported that inhibition of miR-223 could reverse EMT phenotype and improve chemotherapeutic drug sensitivity. We also reported that genistein down-regulated miR-223 expression in gemcitabine-resistant (GR) pancreatic cancer cells. Here, we explored whether there was the synergistic effect between miR-223 inhibitor and genistein on cell growth, migration, invasion and reversal of EMT in GR pancreatic cancer. We found that the combination of miR-223 inhibitor and genistein synergistically reduced cell motility and invasion and enhanced gemcitabine sensitivity in GR cells. In addition, we further observed that miR-223 inhibitor and genistein reversed EMT features in GR cells. This study suggests that the combination of miR-223 inhibitor and genistein may be a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Ma
- The Cyrus Tang Hematology Center and Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215123, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bengbu Medical CollegeAnhui 233030, China
| | - Fanpeng Zeng
- Research Center of Clinical Laboratory Science, Bengbu Medical CollegeAnhui 233030, China
| | - Cong Ma
- Research Center of Clinical Laboratory Science, Bengbu Medical CollegeAnhui 233030, China
| | - Haijie Pang
- Research Center of Clinical Laboratory Science, Bengbu Medical CollegeAnhui 233030, China
| | - Binbin Fang
- Research Center of Clinical Laboratory Science, Bengbu Medical CollegeAnhui 233030, China
| | - Chaoqun Lian
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bengbu Medical CollegeAnhui 233030, China
| | - Bin Yin
- The Cyrus Tang Hematology Center and Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215123, China
| | - Xueping Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, 2nd Clinical Medical College of Jinan UniversityShenzhen 518020, China
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- The Cyrus Tang Hematology Center and Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215123, China
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical SchoolBoston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Jun Xia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bengbu Medical CollegeAnhui 233030, China
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