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Martyka R, Arct A, Kotowska D, Gustafsson L. Age- and trait-dependent breeding responses to environmental variation in a short-lived songbird. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14967. [PMID: 37696936 PMCID: PMC10495331 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42166-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Breeding responses of organisms to environmental changes may profoundly depend on an individual's age, as an age-environment interaction may be expected to affect the expression of reproductive traits. However, little is known about how this interaction affects short-lived species that experience various environmental conditions in adulthood. Here, we used a 32-year dataset from the collared flycatcher, Ficedula albicollis, population to test whether and how the environment interacts with age to shape female age-specific reproduction. To characterise environmental variation, we applied the remotely sensed normalised difference vegetation index (NDVI), estimating vegetation productivity, and used it as a surrogate for habitat quality. Then, we analysed how within-individual age and NDVI determine patterns in laying date, clutch size, offspring production, and recruitment. We found that young and old females, but not middle-aged females, breeding under low NDVI started to lay eggs later and produced smaller clutches than females of the same age breeding under higher NDVI. No such effects were observed for offspring production or recruitment. Our study provides evidence that both an individual's age and the environmental variation experienced during adulthood may be crucial for shaping reproductive patterns in short-lived avian species, as has been found in long-lived birds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafał Martyka
- Animal Ecology, Department of Ecology and Genetics, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18D, 752 36, Uppsala, Sweden.
- Institute of Nature Conservation, Polish Academy of Sciences, Mickiewicza 33, 31-120, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Aneta Arct
- Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sławkowska 17, 31-016, Kraków, Poland
| | - Dorota Kotowska
- Institute of Nature Conservation, Polish Academy of Sciences, Mickiewicza 33, 31-120, Kraków, Poland
| | - Lars Gustafsson
- Animal Ecology, Department of Ecology and Genetics, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18D, 752 36, Uppsala, Sweden
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2
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Teng J, Xia S, Liu Y, Duan H, Yu X, Chen J. An integrated model for prediction of hydrologic anomalies for habitat suitability of overwintering geese in a large floodplain wetland, China. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 331:117239. [PMID: 36638722 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Climate anomalies and increasing human activities cause a high frequency of extreme hydrological events in wetlands, which has put waterbirds under greater survival pressure than ever. Therefore, it is crucial to predict the impact of this phenomenon on the habitat suitability of waterbirds. This study investigated the response of the goose distribution probability to hydrological variations using the flood duration index (FD), enhanced vegetation index (EVI), and waterbirds GPS tracking data in Poyang Lake. An overwintering geese habitat suitability index (HSI) is built based on the FD, EVI, and threat index and verifies the accuracy of the model simulation. Then, the effects of drought and flood on the goose habitat especially sub-lakes with different connectivity were analyzed. The findings reveal that in dry and flood years, geese will broaden their range of feeding vegetation (more fresh or mature vegetation) in response to environmental deterioration. Both drought and flood can lead to a decline in the HSI, especially flood. Connected sub-lakes are more vulnerable to hydrological anomalies than controlled sub-lakes. This research establishes a scientific foundation for floodplain wetland hydrology management and waterbird conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiakun Teng
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Shaoxia Xia
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Yu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Houlang Duan
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xiubo Yu
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Jiang Chen
- Office of Poyang Lake Water Control Project Construction of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330009, China
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3
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Zhu S, Li L, Wu G, Liu J, Slate TJ, Guo H, Li D. Assessing the Impact of Village Development on the Habitat Quality of Yunnan Snub-Nosed Monkeys Using the INVEST Model. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11101487. [PMID: 36290390 PMCID: PMC9598982 DOI: 10.3390/biology11101487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary The Yunnan snub-nosed monkey is one of the most endangered species on the IUCN Red List. The study of its population and habitat quality is important in identifying opportunities for balancing socio-economic development against species conservation in the area’s villages. Such balances are important to protecting and improving habitat diversity and biodiversity. Our habitat quality analysis indicates that increases in socio-economic developments in the villages around the habitat area have decreased both the habitat area and the habitat quality over time. This has resulted in a decline in biodiversity persistence, resilience, and breadth. It also has exacerbated the risk of declining species populations, potentially to extinction. Though focused on the Yunnan snub-nosed monkey, our approach toward the assessment of habitat quality based on species habitat suitability introduces a new perspective for assessing village development impacts on the habitat quality for the conservation of other species. Abstract The habitats of the already endangered Yunnan snub-nosed monkey (Rhinopithecus bieti) are degrading as village economies develop in and around these habitat areas, increasing the depopulation and biodiversity risk of the monkey. The paper aims to show the areas of these monkeys’ high-quality habitats that are at highest risk of degradation by continued village development and hence be the focus of conservation efforts. Our analysis leveraged multiple tools, including primary component analysis, the InVEST Habitat-Quality model, and GIS spatial analysis. We enhanced our analysis by looking at habitat quality as it relates to the habitat suitability for the monkey specifically, instead of general habitat quality. We also focused on the impact of the smallest administrative scale in China—the village. These foci produced a clearer picture of the monkeys’ and villages’ situations, allowing for more targeted discussions on win–win solutions for both the monkeys and the village inhabitants. The results show that the northern habitat for the monkey is currently higher quality than the southern habitat, and correspondingly, the village development in the north is lower than in the south. Hence, we recommend conservation efforts be focused on the northern areas, though we also encourage the southern habitats to be protected from further degradation lest they degrade beyond the point of supporting any monkeys. We encourage developing a strategy that balances ecological protection and economic development in the northern region, a long-term plan for the southern region to reduce human disturbance, increase effective habitat restoration, and improve corridor design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxian Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education), China West Normal University, Nanchong 637001, China
- Wildlife Management and Ecosystem Health Center, Yunnan University of Finance and Economics, Kunming 650221, China
- Natural Resources Bureau of Heping County, Heyuan 517200, China
| | - Li Li
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education), China West Normal University, Nanchong 637001, China
- Wildlife Management and Ecosystem Health Center, Yunnan University of Finance and Economics, Kunming 650221, China
- Correspondence: (L.L.); (D.L.)
| | - Gongsheng Wu
- Wildlife Management and Ecosystem Health Center, Yunnan University of Finance and Economics, Kunming 650221, China
| | - Jialan Liu
- Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Timothy J. Slate
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education), China West Normal University, Nanchong 637001, China
| | - Hongyan Guo
- Wildlife Management and Ecosystem Health Center, Yunnan University of Finance and Economics, Kunming 650221, China
| | - Dayong Li
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education), China West Normal University, Nanchong 637001, China
- Wildlife Management and Ecosystem Health Center, Yunnan University of Finance and Economics, Kunming 650221, China
- Correspondence: (L.L.); (D.L.)
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4
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Nayeri D, Mohammadi A, Hysen L, Hipólito D, Huber D, Wan HY. Identifying human-caused mortality hotspots to inform human-wildlife conflict mitigation. Glob Ecol Conserv 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2022.e02241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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5
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Wang J, Ding Y, Wang S, Watson AE, He H, Ye H, Ouyang X, Li Y. Pixel-scale historical-baseline-based ecological quality: Measuring impacts from climate change and human activities from 2000 to 2018 in China. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 313:114944. [PMID: 35381526 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.114944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Widespread concern about ecological degradation has prompted development of concepts and exploration of methods to quantify ecological quality with the aim of measuring ecosystem changes to contribute to future policy-making. This paper proposes a conceptual framework for ecological quality measurement based on current ecosystem functions and biodiverse habitat, compared with pixel-scale historical baselines. The framework was applied to evaluate the changes and driving factors of ecological quality for Chinese terrestrial ecosystems through remote sensing-based and ecosystem process modeled data at 1 km spatial resolution from 2000 to 2018. The results demonstrated the ecological quality index (EQI) had a very different spatial pattern based upon vegetation distribution. An upward trend in EQI was found over most areas, and variability of 46.95% in EQI can be explained well by change in climate, with an additional 10.64% explained by changing human activities, quantified by population density. This study demonstrated a practical and objective approach for quantifying and assessing ecological quality, which has application potential in ecosystem assessments on scales from local to region and nation, yet would provide a new scientific concept and paradigm for macro ecosystems management and decision-making by governments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junbang Wang
- National Ecosystem Science Data Center, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810008, China.
| | - Yuefan Ding
- National Ecosystem Science Data Center, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Shaoqiang Wang
- National Ecosystem Science Data Center, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Alan E Watson
- USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Missoula, MT, 59801, USA.
| | - Honglin He
- National Ecosystem Science Data Center, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Hui Ye
- School of Tourism and Geography, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, 332005, China.
| | - Xihuang Ouyang
- School of Tourism and Geography, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, 332005, China.
| | - Yingnian Li
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810008, China.
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6
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Pérez-Girón JC, Díaz-Varela ER, Álvarez-Álvarez P, Hernández Palacios O, Ballesteros F, López-Bao JV. Linking landscape structure and vegetation productivity with nut consumption by the Cantabrian brown bear during hyperphagia. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 813:152610. [PMID: 34963596 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In bears, reproduction is dependent on the body reserves accumulated during hyperphagia. The Cantabrian brown bear mainly feeds on nuts during the hyperphagia period. Understanding how landscape heterogeneity and vegetation productivity in human-dominated landscapes influence the feeding habits of bears may therefore be important for disentangling species-habitat relationships of conservation interest. We determined the spatial patterns of nut consumption by brown bears during the hyperphagia period in relation to landscape structure, characteristics of fruit-producing patches and vegetation productivity. For this purpose, we constructed foraging models based on nut consumption data (obtained by scat analysis), by combining vegetation productivity data, topographical variables and landscape metrics to identify nut foraging patterns during this critical period for bears. The average wooded area of patches where scats were collected and where the nuts that the bears had consumed were produced was larger than that of the corresponding patches where nuts were not produced. For scats collected outside of nut-producing patches, the distance between the scats and the patches was greatest for chestnut-producing patches. Elevation, Gross Primary Production (GPP) and the Aggregation Index (AI) were good predictors of acorn consumption in the models. Good model fits were not obtained for data on chestnut consumption in bears. The findings confirm that brown bears feeding on nuts show a preference for relatively large, highly aggregated patches with a high degree of diversity in the landscape pattern, which may help the bears to remain undetected. The nut prediction model highlights areas of particular importance for brown bears during hyperphagia. The human presence associated with sweet chestnut forest stands or orchards may make bears feel more vulnerable when feeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Carlos Pérez-Girón
- Department of Organisms and Systems Biology, Polytechnic School of Mieres, University of Oviedo, E-33600, Mieres, Asturias, Spain.
| | - Emilio Rafael Díaz-Varela
- Research Group on Planning and Management in Complex Adaptive Socio-Ecological Systems (COMPASSES), School of Engineering, University of Santiago de Compostela, E-27002 Lugo, Spain
| | - Pedro Álvarez-Álvarez
- Department of Organisms and Systems Biology, Polytechnic School of Mieres, University of Oviedo, E-33600, Mieres, Asturias, Spain
| | - Orencio Hernández Palacios
- Dirección General del Medio Natural y Planificación Rural, Gobierno del Principado de Asturias, E-33005 Oviedo, Spain
| | | | - José Vicente López-Bao
- Biodiversity Research Institute (CSIC - Oviedo University - Principality of Asturias), University of Oviedo, E-33600 Mieres, Spain
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7
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Combining Citizen Science Data and Satellite Descriptors of Ecosystem Functioning to Monitor the Abundance of a Migratory Bird during the Non-Breeding Season. REMOTE SENSING 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/rs14030463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Migratory birds are particularly exposed to habitat changes in their breeding and non-breeding grounds. Remote sensing technologies offer an excellent opportunity to monitor species’ habitats from space at unprecedented spatiotemporal scales. We analyzed if remotely sensed ecosystem functioning attributes (EFAs) adequately predict the spatiotemporal variation of the Woodcock’s (Scolopax rusticola) relative abundance in southwest Europe, during autumn migration and wintering periods. We used data gathered from Woodcock monitoring through citizen science (N = 355,654 hunting trips) between 2009 and 2018. We computed a comprehensive set of EFAs on a weekly basis from three MODIS satellite products: enhanced vegetation index (EVI), tasseled cap transformation (TCT), and land surface temperature (LST). We developed generalized linear mixed models to explore the predictive power of EFAs on Woodcock’s abundance during the non-breeding season. Results showed that Woodcock abundance is correlated with spatiotemporal dynamics in primary productivity (measured through the EVI), water cycle dynamics (wetness component of TCT), and surface energy balance (LST) in both periods. Our findings underline the potential of combining citizen science and remote sensing data to monitor migratory birds throughout their life cycles—an issue of critical importance to ensure adequate habitat management in the non-breeding areas.
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8
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Urbanization, Economic Development, and Ecological Environment: Evidence from Provincial Panel Data in China. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14031124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The relationship between urbanization and the ecological environment is not conclusive in the literature. We used the provincial data from China from 1998 to 2019 to empirically study the relationship between the urbanization ratio and ecological environment which is proxied by the NDVI (normalized difference vegetation index) from the remote sensing data. The results indicate that the coefficient of the interaction between urbanization and per capita GDP is statistically significant and negative (−0.0946), while the coefficient of urbanization itself is very trivial and not statistically significant. It implies that urbanization could reduce ecological quality, particularly for the high-income regions. The higher the urbanization ratio is, the larger the negative impact is. It implies that urban expansion does reduce the ecological environment. The effect of economic development level on the NDVI can be divided into three stages: the one where the NDVI improves with the increase of GDP per capita (urbanization rate of less than 77.59%), the one where the value of the NDVI is not affected by the level of GDP per capita (urbanization rate equal to 77.59%), and the one where the NDVI decreases with the increase of GDP per capita (urbanization rate of more than 77.59%).
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9
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Habitat Quality and Social Behavioral Association Network in a Wintering Waterbirds Community. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13116044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Migratory waterbirds concentrated in freshwater ecosystems in mosaic environments rely on quality habitats for overwintering. At West Dongting Lake National Nature Reserve (WDLNNR), China, land-use change and hydrology alternation are compounding factors that have affected important wintering areas for migratory waterbirds. Presently, changes in the hydrology and landscape have reshaped natural wintering habitats and their availability, though the impact of hydrological management on habitat selection of wintering waterbirds is largely unknown. In this study, we classified differentially managed habitats and calculated their area using the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) to evaluate suitable habitat availability over the study period (2016–2017 and 2017–2018 wintering periods). We then used social behavioral association network (SBAN) model to compare habitat quality through species-species social interactions and species-habitat associations in lakes with different hydrological management. The results indicated that social interactions between and within species structured wintering waterbirds communities, which could be dominated by one or more species, while dominant species control the activities of other co-existing species. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests indicated significant differences in SBAN metrics between lakes (p = 0.0237) and habitat (p < 0.0001) levels. Specifically, lakes with managed hydrology were preferred by more species. The managed lakes had better habitat quality in terms of significantly higher habitat areas (p < 0.0001) and lower habitat transitions (p = 0.0113). Collectively, our findings suggest that proper hydrological management can provide continuous availability of quality habitats, especially mudflats and shallow waters, for a stable SBAN to ensure a wintering waterbirds community with more sympatric species in a dynamic environment.
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10
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Huang S, Tucker MA, Hertel AG, Eyres A, Albrecht J. Scale-dependent effects of niche specialisation: The disconnect between individual and species ranges. Ecol Lett 2021; 24:1408-1419. [PMID: 33960589 DOI: 10.1111/ele.13759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
One of the most general expectations of species range dynamics is that widespread species tend to have broader niches. However, it remains unclear how this relationship is expressed at different levels of biological organisation, which involve potentially distinctive processes operating at different spatial and temporal scales. Here, we show that range sizes of terrestrial non-volant mammals at the individual and species level show contrasting relationships with two ecological niche dimensions: diet and habitat breadth. While average individual home range size appears to be mainly shaped by the interplay of diet niche breadth and body mass, species geographical range size is primarily related to habitat niche breadth but not to diet niche breadth. Our findings suggest that individual home range size is shaped by the trade-off between energetic requirements, movement capacity and trophic specialisation, whereas species geographical range size is related to the ability to persist under various environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Huang
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK-F), Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Marlee A Tucker
- Department of Environmental Science, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Anne G Hertel
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK-F), Frankfurt, Germany.,Behavioural Ecology, Department of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Alison Eyres
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK-F), Frankfurt, Germany.,Department of Biological Sciences, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.,RSPB Centre for Conservation Science, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jörg Albrecht
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK-F), Frankfurt, Germany
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11
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Loosen AE, Devineau O, Zimmermann B, Cromsigt JPGM, Pfeffer SE, Skarpe C, Marie Mathisen K. Roads, forestry, and wolves interact to drive moose browsing behavior in Scandinavia. Ecosphere 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.3358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anne E. Loosen
- Faculty of Applied Ecology, Agricultural Sciences and Biotechnology Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences Campus Evenstad Koppang2480Norway
| | - Olivier Devineau
- Faculty of Applied Ecology, Agricultural Sciences and Biotechnology Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences Campus Evenstad Koppang2480Norway
| | - Barbara Zimmermann
- Faculty of Applied Ecology, Agricultural Sciences and Biotechnology Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences Campus Evenstad Koppang2480Norway
| | - Joris P. G. M. Cromsigt
- Department of Wildlife, Fish and Environmental Studies Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Skogsmarksgränd Umeå901 83Sweden
- Department of Zoology Centre for African Conservation Ecology Nelson Mandela University PO Box 77000 Port Elizabeth6031South Africa
| | - Sabine E. Pfeffer
- Department of Wildlife, Fish and Environmental Studies Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Skogsmarksgränd Umeå901 83Sweden
| | - Christina Skarpe
- Faculty of Applied Ecology, Agricultural Sciences and Biotechnology Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences Campus Evenstad Koppang2480Norway
| | - Karen Marie Mathisen
- Faculty of Applied Ecology, Agricultural Sciences and Biotechnology Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences Campus Evenstad Koppang2480Norway
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12
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Mayer‐Pinto M, Ledet J, Crowe TP, Johnston EL. Sublethal effects of contaminants on marine habitat-forming species: a review and meta-analysis. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2020; 95:1554-1573. [PMID: 32614143 PMCID: PMC7689725 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Contaminants may affect ecosystem functioning by reducing the fitness of organisms and these impacts may cascade through ecosystems, particularly if the sensitive organisms are also habitat-forming species. Understanding how sub-lethal effects of toxicants can affect the quality and functions of biogenic habitats is critical if we are to establish effective guidelines for protecting ecosystems. We carried out a global systematic review and meta-analysis critically evaluating contaminant effects on properties of habitat-formers linked to ecosystem functioning. We reviewed a total of 95 publications. However, 40% of publications initially captured by the literature search were identified as having flaws in experimental design and ~11% did not present results in an appropriate way and thus were excluded from the quantitative meta-analysis. We quantitatively reviewed 410 studies from 46 publications, of which 313 (~76%) were on plants and seaweeds, that is macro-algae, saltmarsh plants and seagrasses, 58 (~14%) studied corals and 39 (~10%) looked at toxicant impacts on bivalves, with 70% of those on mussels and the remaining studies on oysters. Response variables analysed were photosynthetic efficiency, amount of chlorophyll a (as a proxy for primary production) and growth of plants, seaweeds and corals as well as leaf area of plants. We also analysed filtration, growth and respiration rates of bivalves. Our meta-analysis found that chemical contaminants have a significant negative impact on most of the analysed functional variables, with the exception of the amount of chlorophyll a. Metals were the most widely harmful type of contaminant, significantly decreasing photosynthetic efficiency of kelps, leaf area of saltmarsh plants, growth of fucoids, corals and saltmarsh plants and the filtration rates of bivalves. Organic contaminants decreased the photosynthetic efficiency of seagrass, but had no significant effects on bivalve filtration. We did not find significant effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on any of the analysed functional variables or habitat-forming taxa, but this could be due to the low number of studies available. A meta-regression revealed that relationships between concentrations of metal contaminants and the magnitude of functional responses varied with the type of metal and habitat-former. Increasing concentrations of contaminants significantly increased the negative effects on the photosynthetic efficiency of habitat-formers. There was, however, no apparent relationship between ecologically relevant concentrations of metals and effect sizes of photosynthetic efficiency of corals and seaweeds. A qualitative analysis of all relevant studies found slightly different patterns when compared to our quantitative analysis, emphasising the need for studies to meet critical inclusion criteria for meta-analyses. Our study highlights links between effects of contaminants at lower levels of organisation (i.e. at the biochemical and/or physiological level of individuals) and ecological, large-scale impacts, through effects on habitat-forming species. Contaminants can clearly reduce the functioning of many habitat-forming marine species. We therefore recommend the adoption of routine measures of functional endpoints in monitoring and conservation programs to complement structural measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Mayer‐Pinto
- Centre for Marine Scince and Innovation, Evolution & Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNew South Wales2052Australia
- Sydney Institute of Marine SciencesMosmanNew South Wales2088Australia
| | - Janine Ledet
- Centre for Marine Scince and Innovation, Evolution & Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNew South Wales2052Australia
| | - Tasman P. Crowe
- Earth Institute and School of Biology & Environmental Science, Science Centre WestUniversity College DublinBelfieldDublin 4Ireland
| | - Emma L. Johnston
- Centre for Marine Scince and Innovation, Evolution & Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNew South Wales2052Australia
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13
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Fernández-Tizón M, Emmenegger T, Perner J, Hahn S. Arthropod biomass increase in spring correlates with NDVI in grassland habitat. Naturwissenschaften 2020; 107:42. [PMID: 32970225 DOI: 10.1007/s00114-020-01698-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Data from remote sensing are often used as proxies to quantify biological processes, especially at large geographical scales. The normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) is the most frequently used proxy for primary productivity. Assuming a direct, positive interrelation between primary and secondary production in terrestrial habitats, NDVI is often used to predict food availability for higher trophic levels. However, the relationship between NDVI and arthropod biomass has rarely been tested. In this study, we analyzed extensive datasets of arthropod communities from semi-natural grasslands in central Europe to test the relationship between arthropod biomass of consumer trophic levels ("herbivores," "mixed," and "carnivores") in grassland communities and NDVI during the spring season. We found that arthropod biomass generally increased with NDVI. The same positive relationship between biomass and NDVI was observed for each individual trophic level. Cross-correlation analyses did not show statistically significant lags between the NDVI and biomass of herbivores and carnivores. All in all, our study provides correlational evidence for the positive relation of primary and secondary productivity in temperate terrestrial habitats during spring. Moreover, it supports the applicability of NDVI data as a suitable habitat-specific proxy for the food availability of insectivores during spring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Fernández-Tizón
- Department of Bird Migration, Swiss Ornithological Institute, CH 6204, Sempach, Switzerland. .,Department of Biology, Geology, Physics and Inorganic Chemistry, University Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles, Spain.
| | - Tamara Emmenegger
- Department of Bird Migration, Swiss Ornithological Institute, CH 6204, Sempach, Switzerland
| | - Jörg Perner
- U.A.S. Umwelt- und Agrarstudien GmbH, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Steffen Hahn
- Department of Bird Migration, Swiss Ornithological Institute, CH 6204, Sempach, Switzerland
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14
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Differences of Regulative Flexibility between Hydrological Isolated and Connected Lakes in a Large Floodplain: Insight from Inundation Dynamics and Landscape Heterogeneity. WATER 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/w12040991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The inundation areas of floodplains are crucial to wetland ecosystems, especially in supporting biodiversity. Accurately identifying the spatial and temporal patterns of inundation areas is important for understanding floodplain ecosystem processes. Here, lakes in the Yangtze River Floodplain were divided into two types according to hydrological conditions: the natural connected lakes (Dongting Lake and Poyang Lake) with natural water level fluctuations and the isolated lakes (lakes in Jianghan Plain) with stable water levels. We established a method to identify inundation areas using multi-sources remote sensing data based on the Google Earth Engine. The dynamics of inundation areas were determined, and the relative indices were calculated in common year (2017) and a drought year (2018). The differences between the connected lakes and the isolated lakes were analyzed, and impacts of hydrological fluctuations on inundation area and habitat quality were evaluated. The results show that lakes with natural hydrological fluctuations have a greater regulative flexibility, with both patch density (PD) and submerged elasticity index (SEI) values higher than that of isolated lakes. The trend of the vegetation index in the connected lakes and in the isolated lakes is also different. The mean EVI in Dongting Lake and Poyang Lake showed a U-shaped trend which is similar to the shape of the trend of PD. The trend of mean enhanced vegetation index (EVI) in the isolated lakes is the opposite and has a lower range of variation over a year. This study provides new indicators and rapid methods for habitat quality assessment in floodplains, as well as presenting scientific information useful for improving wetland management in the middle and lower Yangtze River.
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15
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Young C, Bonnell TR, Brown LR, Dostie MJ, Ganswindt A, Kienzle S, McFarland R, Henzi SP, Barrett L. Climate induced stress and mortality in vervet monkeys. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2019; 6:191078. [PMID: 31827846 PMCID: PMC6894595 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.191078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
As the effects of global climate change become more apparent, animal species will become increasingly affected by extreme climate and its effect on the environment. There is a pressing need to understand animal physiological and behavioural responses to climatic stressors. We used the reactive scope model as a framework to investigate the influence of drought conditions on vervet monkey (Chlorocebus pygerythrus) behaviour, physiological stress and survival across 2.5 years in South Africa. Data were collected on climatic, environmental and behavioural variables and physiological stress via faecal glucocorticoid metabolites (fGCMs). There was a meaningful interaction between water availability and resource abundance: when food availability was high but standing water was unavailable, fGCM concentrations were higher compared to when food was abundant and water was available. Vervet monkeys adapted their behaviour during a drought period by spending a greater proportion of time resting at the expense of feeding, moving and social behaviour. As food availability decreased, vervet mortality increased. Peak mortality occurred when food availability was at its lowest and there was no standing water. A survival analysis revealed that higher fGCM concentrations were associated with an increased probability of mortality. Our results suggest that with continued climate change, the increasing prevalence of drought will negatively affect vervet abundance and distribution in our population. Our study contributes to knowledge of the limits and scope of behavioural and physiological plasticity among vervet monkeys in the face of rapid environmental change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Young
- Endocrine Research Laboratory, Mammal Research Institute, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, Republic of South Africa
- Applied Behavioural Ecology and Ecosystems Research Unit, University of South Africa, Pretoria, Republic of South Africa
- Department of Psychology, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
| | - Tyler R. Bonnell
- Department of Psychology, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
| | - Leslie R. Brown
- Applied Behavioural Ecology and Ecosystems Research Unit, University of South Africa, Pretoria, Republic of South Africa
| | - Marcus J. Dostie
- Department of Psychology, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Geography, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
| | - Andre Ganswindt
- Endocrine Research Laboratory, Mammal Research Institute, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, Republic of South Africa
| | - Stefan Kienzle
- Applied Behavioural Ecology and Ecosystems Research Unit, University of South Africa, Pretoria, Republic of South Africa
- Department of Geography, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
| | - Richard McFarland
- Department of Anthropology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Brain Function Research Group, School of Physiology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg-Braamfontein, Republic of South Africa
| | - S. Peter Henzi
- Applied Behavioural Ecology and Ecosystems Research Unit, University of South Africa, Pretoria, Republic of South Africa
- Department of Psychology, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
| | - Louise Barrett
- Applied Behavioural Ecology and Ecosystems Research Unit, University of South Africa, Pretoria, Republic of South Africa
- Department of Psychology, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
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16
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Fowler NL, Belant JL, Wang G, Leopold BD. Ecological plasticity of denning chronology by American black bears and brown bears. Glob Ecol Conserv 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2019.e00750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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17
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Monitoring Spatial and Temporal Variabilities of Gross Primary Production Using MAIAC MODIS Data. REMOTE SENSING 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/rs11070874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Remotely sensed vegetation indices (RSVIs) can be used to efficiently estimate terrestrial primary productivity across space and time. Terrestrial productivity, however, has many facets (e.g., spatial and temporal variability, including seasonality, interannual variability, and trends), and different vegetation indices may not be equally good at predicting them. Their accuracy in monitoring productivity has been mostly tested in single-ecosystem studies, but their performance in different ecosystems distributed over large areas still needs to be fully explored. To fill this gap, we identified the facets of terrestrial gross primary production (GPP) that could be monitored using RSVIs. We compared the temporal and spatial patterns of four vegetation indices (NDVI, EVI, NIRV, and CCI), derived from the MODIS MAIAC data set and of GPP derived from data from 58 eddy-flux towers in eight ecosystems with different plant functional types (evergreen needle-leaved forest, evergreen broad-leaved forest, deciduous broad-leaved forest, mixed forest, open shrubland, grassland, cropland, and wetland) distributed throughout Europe, covering Mediterranean, temperate, and boreal regions. The RSVIs monitored temporal variability well in most of the ecosystem types, with grasslands and evergreen broad-leaved forests most strongly and weakly correlated with weekly and monthly RSVI data, respectively. The performance of the RSVIs monitoring temporal variability decreased sharply, however, when the seasonal component of the time series was removed, suggesting that the seasonal cycles of both the GPP and RSVI time series were the dominant drivers of their relationships. Removing winter values from the analyses did not affect the results. NDVI and CCI identified the spatial variability of average annual GPP, and all RSVIs identified GPP seasonality well. The RSVI estimates, however, could not estimate the interannual variability of GPP across sites or monitor the trends of GPP. Overall, our results indicate that RSVIs are suitable to track different facets of GPP variability at the local scale, therefore they are reliable sources of GPP monitoring at larger geographical scales.
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18
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Gantchoff MG, Beyer D, Belant JL. Reproductive class influences risk tolerance during denning and spring for American black bears (
Ursus americanus
). Ecosphere 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.2705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M. G. Gantchoff
- Camp Fire Program in Wildlife Conservation College of Environmental Science and Forestry State University of New York New York New York 13210 USA
| | - D. Beyer
- Wildlife Division Michigan DNR Marquette Michigan 49855 USA
| | - J. L. Belant
- Camp Fire Program in Wildlife Conservation College of Environmental Science and Forestry State University of New York New York New York 13210 USA
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19
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Gantchoff M, Wang G, Beyer D, Belant J. Scale-dependent home range optimality for a solitary omnivore. Ecol Evol 2018; 8:12271-12282. [PMID: 30598817 PMCID: PMC6303745 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.4690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Spatial and temporal heterogeneity are fundamental mechanisms structuring home ranges. Under optimality, an individual should structure their space use economically to maximize fitness. We evaluated support for three hypotheses related to range optimality in American black bears (Ursus americanus), predicting (a) range location on a landscape will correspond with high vegetation productivity, (b) increasing forest fragmentation will result in larger ranges, and (c) increasing proportion of forest and/or mean vegetation productivity will result in smaller ranges. We used black bear radio telemetry data from Michigan (2009-2015), Missouri (2010-2016), and Mississippi (2008-2017), USA. Annual space use excluded winter, and we separated seasonal space use into spring, summer, and fall. We collected data from 143 bears (80 females, 63 males), resulting in 97 annual and 538 seasonal ranges. We used generalized linear mixed models to evaluate productivity (estimated through Normalized Difference Vegetation Index [NDVI]) selection, and range size (km2) variation between individuals. At the annual scale, black bears consistently selected areas with greater vegetation productivity than the surrounding landscape; yet selection weakened and was more variable seasonally. Opposite to our prediction, we found that increasing fragmentation consistently resulted in smaller ranges; non-forested land covers and forest edges might provide greater abundance or more diverse foods for bears. Ranges with a greater proportion of forest were smaller, likely reflecting an increase in food and cover which could reduce movements, yet there was no support for more productive ranges also being smaller as expected from an area minimizing strategy. Black bears displayed a scale-dependent space use strategy: at larger spatial and temporal scales, productivity acted as the strongest limiting factor and energy maximizing was the dominant strategy, while an area minimizing strategy was exhibited seasonally. We revealed consistent, scale-dependent responses by black bears to environmental conditions, demonstrating the intrinsic plasticity of this adaptable omnivore.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariela Gantchoff
- Camp Fire Program in Wildlife Conservation, College of Environmental Science and ForestryState University of New YorkSyracuseNew York
| | - Guiming Wang
- Department of Wildlife, Fisheries and AquacultureMississippi State UniversityMississippi StateMississippi
| | - Dean Beyer
- Wildlife DivisionMichigan DNRMarquetteMichigan
| | - Jerrold Belant
- Camp Fire Program in Wildlife Conservation, College of Environmental Science and ForestryState University of New YorkSyracuseNew York
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20
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Habibzadeh N, Ashrafzadeh MR. Habitat suitability and connectivity for an endangered brown bear population in the Iranian Caucasus. WILDLIFE RESEARCH 2018. [DOI: 10.1071/wr17175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Context
The identification of suitable habitats and the assessment of connectivity are important to preserve key areas for small isolated, endangered populations. The brown bear, Ursus arctos, needs connectivity to supply the primary habitat requirements including food, water, shelter and space and to provide gene flow among all populations in the Iranian Caucasus.
Aims
In the present study, we investigated the status and habitat requirements of an endangered brown bear population within the Iranian Caucasus.
Methods
We applied an approach of consensus species distribution modelling to estimate the distribution of suitable habitats for brown bears using uncorrelated environmental variables. We then used the concept of circuit theory on resultant breeding patches to evaluate regional patterns of connectivity among these patches.
Key results
We predicted that ~9.10% of the study area is suitable for the brown bear at present. Ten patches (7.95% of the study area) were detected as suitable for breeding populations, where some populations are not able to survive without connectivity. The results indicated that habitat connectivity is sometimes widely affected by a high concentration of human activities such as roads, settlements and mining activities. Our findings showed that existing conservation areas could not safeguard the connectivity of brown bear habitats across the Iranian Caucasus.
Conclusions
Our results can help target fine-scaled planning approaches for the maintenance of bear meta-population structure, as well as facilitate the movement of individuals by protecting different landscape features.
Implications
The populations of brown bear are among the first to be harmed by the loss of habitat and connectivity, and, thus, this species is an appropriate focal species for linkage design that is beneficial for threatened populations of other co-existing species such as Persian leopard, grey wolf and Eurasian lynx. Moreover, the brown bear is among the most popular flagship species for conservation planning, which might increase public support for the restoration of habitat and linkages.
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21
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Martínez Cano I, Taboada FG, Naves J, Fernández-Gil A, Wiegand T. Decline and recovery of a large carnivore: environmental change and long-term trends in an endangered brown bear population. Proc Biol Sci 2017; 283:rspb.2016.1832. [PMID: 27903871 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2016.1832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding what factors drive fluctuations in the abundance of endangered species is a difficult ecological problem but a major requirement to attain effective management and conservation success. The ecological traits of large mammals make this task even more complicated, calling for integrative approaches. We develop a framework combining individual-based modelling and statistical inference to assess alternative hypotheses on brown bear dynamics in the Cantabrian range (Iberian Peninsula). Models including the effect of environmental factors on mortality rates were able to reproduce three decades of variation in the number of females with cubs of the year (Fcoy), including the decline that put the population close to extinction in the mid-nineties, and the following increase in brown bear numbers. This external effect prevailed over density-dependent mechanisms (sexually selected infanticide and female reproductive suppression), with a major impact of climate driven changes in resource availability and a secondary role of changes in human pressure. Predicted changes in population structure revealed a nonlinear relationship between total abundance and the number of Fcoy, highlighting the risk of simple projections based on indirect abundance indices. This study demonstrates the advantages of integrative, mechanistic approaches and provides a widely applicable framework to improve our understanding of wildlife dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Martínez Cano
- Department of Conservation Biology, Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC), C/Américo Vespucio s/n, E41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Fernando González Taboada
- Dpto. Biología de Organismos y Sistemas, Universidad de Oviedo, C/Valentín Andrés Álvarez s/n, E33071 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Javier Naves
- Department of Conservation Biology, Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC), C/Américo Vespucio s/n, E41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Alberto Fernández-Gil
- Department of Conservation Biology, Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC), C/Américo Vespucio s/n, E41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Thorsten Wiegand
- Department of Ecological Modelling, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
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22
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Takahata C, Takii A, Izumiyama S. Season-specific habitat restriction in Asiatic black bears, Japan. J Wildl Manage 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/jwmg.21305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chihiro Takahata
- Institute of Mountain Science; Shinshu University; 8304 Minamiminowa Kamiina-gun Nagano Japan
| | - Akiko Takii
- Institute of Mountain Science; Shinshu University; 8304 Minamiminowa Kamiina-gun Nagano Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Izumiyama
- Institute of Mountain Science; Shinshu University; 8304 Minamiminowa Kamiina-gun Nagano Japan
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23
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24
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Fernández N, Román J, Delibes M. Variability in primary productivity determines metapopulation dynamics. Proc Biol Sci 2016; 283:rspb.2015.2998. [PMID: 27053739 PMCID: PMC4843648 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2015.2998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Temporal variability in primary productivity can change habitat quality for consumer species by affecting the energy levels available as food resources. However, it remains unclear how habitat-quality fluctuations may determine the dynamics of spatially structured populations, where the effects of habitat size, quality and isolation have been customarily assessed assuming static habitats. We present the first empirical evaluation on the effects of stochastic fluctuations in primary productivity—a major outcome of ecosystem functions—on the metapopulation dynamics of a primary consumer. A unique 13-year dataset from an herbivore rodent was used to test the hypothesis that inter-annual variations in primary productivity determine spatiotemporal habitat occupancy patterns and colonization and extinction processes. Inter-annual variability in productivity and in the growing season phenology significantly influenced habitat colonization patterns and occupancy dynamics. These effects lead to changes in connectivity to other potentially occupied habitat patches, which then feed back into occupancy dynamics. According to the results, the dynamics of primary productivity accounted for more than 50% of the variation in occupancy probability, depending on patch size and landscape configuration. Evidence connecting primary productivity dynamics and spatiotemporal population processes has broad implications for metapopulation persistence in fluctuating and changing environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Néstor Fernández
- Department of Conservation Biology, Estación Biológica de Doñana, Spanish Council for Scientific Research EBD-CSIC, Seville 41092, Spain
| | - Jacinto Román
- Department of Conservation Biology, Estación Biológica de Doñana, Spanish Council for Scientific Research EBD-CSIC, Seville 41092, Spain
| | - Miguel Delibes
- Department of Conservation Biology, Estación Biológica de Doñana, Spanish Council for Scientific Research EBD-CSIC, Seville 41092, Spain
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25
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Wen L, Saintilan N, Reid JRW, Colloff MJ. Changes in distribution of waterbirds following prolonged drought reflect habitat availability in coastal and inland regions. Ecol Evol 2016; 6:6672-6689. [PMID: 27777739 PMCID: PMC5058537 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.2091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Revised: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Provision of suitable habitat for waterbirds is a major challenge for environmental managers in arid and semiarid regions with high spatial and temporal variability in rainfall. It is understood in broad terms that to survive waterbirds must move according to phases of wet–dry cycles, with coastal habitats providing drought refugia and inland wetlands used during the wet phase. However, both inland and coastal wetlands are subject to major anthropogenic pressures, and the various species of waterbird may have particular habitat requirements and respond individualistically to spatiotemporal variations in resource distribution. A better understanding of the relationships between occurrence of waterbirds and habitat condition under changing climatic conditions and anthropogenic pressures will help clarify patterns of habitat use and the targeting of investments in conservation. We provide the first predictive models of habitat availability between wet and dry phases for six widely distributed waterbird species at a large spatial scale. We first test the broad hypothesis that waterbirds are largely confined to coastal regions during a dry phase. We then examine the contrasting results among the six species, which support other hypotheses erected on the basis of their ecological characteristics. There were large increases in area of suitable habitat in inland regions in the wet year compared with the dry year for all species, ranging from 4.14% for Australian White Ibis to 31.73% for Eurasian Coot. With over half of the suitable habitat for three of the six species was located in coastal zones during drought, our study highlights the need to identify and conserve coastal drought refuges. Monitoring of changes in extent and condition of wetlands, combined with distribution modeling of waterbirds, will help support improvements in the conservation and management of waterbirds into the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wen
- Water, Wetlands and Coastal Science New South Wales Office of Environment and Heritage 59-61 Goulburn Street Sydney NSW 2000 Australia
| | - Neil Saintilan
- Department of Environmental Sciences Macquarie University Sydney NSW 2019 Australia
| | - Julian R W Reid
- The Fenner School of Environment and Society Australian National University Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
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26
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Estimating Understory Temperatures Using MODIS LST in Mixed Cordilleran Forests. REMOTE SENSING 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/rs8080658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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27
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Fine-Scale Habitat Segregation between Two Ecologically Similar Top Predators. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0155626. [PMID: 27187596 PMCID: PMC4871328 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Similar, coexisting species often segregate along the spatial ecological axis. Here, we examine if two top predators (jaguars and pumas) present different fine-scale habitat use in areas of coexistence, and discuss if the observed pattern can be explained by the risk of interference competition between them. Interference competition theory predicts that pumas should avoid habitats or areas used by jaguars (the dominant species), and as a consequence should present more variability of niche parameters across study areas. We used non-invasive genetic sampling of faeces in 12 different areas and sensor satellite fine-scale habitat indices to answer these questions. Meta-analysis confirmed differences in fine-scale habitat use between jaguars and pumas. Furthermore, average marginality of the realized niches of pumas was more variable than those of jaguars, and tolerance (a measure of niche breadth) was on average 2.2 times higher in pumas than in jaguars, as expected under the interference competition risk hypothesis. The use of sensor satellite fine-scale habitat indices allowed the detection of subtle differences in the environmental characteristics of the habitats used by these two similar top predators, which, as a rule, until now were recorded using the same general habitat types. The detection of fine spatial segregation between these two top predators was scale-dependent.
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28
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Mochizuki S, Liu D, Sekijima T, Lu J, Wang C, Ozaki K, Nagata H, Murakami T, Ueno Y, Yamagishi S. Detecting the nesting suitability of the re-introduced Crested Ibis Nipponia nippon for nature restoration program in Japan. J Nat Conserv 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2015.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Bryant JV, Olson VA, Chatterjee HJ, Turvey ST. Identifying environmental versus phylogenetic correlates of behavioural ecology in gibbons: implications for conservation management of the world's rarest ape. BMC Evol Biol 2015; 15:171. [PMID: 26307405 PMCID: PMC4549120 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-015-0430-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND For conservation of highly threatened species to be effective, it is crucial to differentiate natural population parameters from atypical behavioural, ecological and demographic characteristics associated with human disturbance and habitat degradation, which can constrain population growth and recovery. Unfortunately, these parameters can be very hard to determine for species of extreme rarity. The Hainan gibbon (Nomascus hainanus), the world's rarest ape, consists of a single population of c.25 individuals, but intensive management is constrained by a limited understanding of the species' expected population characteristics and environmental requirements. In order to generate a more robust evidence-base for Hainan gibbon conservation, we employed a comparative approach to identify intrinsic and extrinsic drivers of variation in key ecological and behavioural traits (home range size, social group size, mating system) across the Hylobatidae while controlling for phylogenetic non-independence. RESULTS All three studied traits show strong phylogenetic signals across the Hylobatidae. Although the Hainan gibbon and some closely related species have large reported group sizes, no observed gibbon group size is significantly different from the values expected on the basis of phylogenetic relationship alone. However, the Hainan gibbon and two other Nomascus species (N. concolor, N. nasutus) show home range values that are higher than expected relative to all other gibbon species. Predictive models incorporating intraspecific trait variation but controlling for covariance between population samples due to phylogenetic relatedness reveal additional environmental and biological determinants of variation in gibbon ranging requirements and social structure, but not those immediately associated with recent habitat degradation. CONCLUSIONS Our study represents the first systematic assessment of behavioural and ecological trait patterns across the Hylobatidae using recent approaches in comparative analysis. By formally contextualising the Hainan gibbon's observed behavioural and ecological characteristics within family-wide variation in gibbons, we are able to determine natural population parameters expected for this Critically Endangered species, as well as wider correlates of variation for key population characteristics across the Hylobatidae. This approach reveals key insights with a direct impact on future Hainan gibbon conservation planning, and demonstrates the usefulness of the comparative approach for informing management of species of conservation concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica V Bryant
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regent's Park, London, NW1 4RY, UK.
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
| | - Valérie A Olson
- Care Quality Commission, 103-105 Bunhill Row, London, EC1Y 8TG, UK.
| | - Helen J Chatterjee
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
| | - Samuel T Turvey
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regent's Park, London, NW1 4RY, UK.
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Alvarez-Martínez JM, Suárez-Seoane S, Palacín C, Sanz J, Alonso JC. Can Eltonian processes explain species distributions at large scale? A case study with Great Bustard (Otis tarda). DIVERS DISTRIB 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.12256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Susana Suárez-Seoane
- Área de Ecología; Departamento de Biodiversidad y Gestión Ambiental; Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales; Universidad de León; Campus de Vegazana s/n 24071 León Spain
| | - Carlos Palacín
- Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC); José Gutiérrez Abascal 2 28006 Madrid Spain
| | - Julia Sanz
- Laboratorio de Teledetección de la Universidad de Valladolid (LATUV); Valladolid Spain
| | - Juan C. Alonso
- Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (CSIC); José Gutiérrez Abascal 2 28006 Madrid Spain
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Almpanidou V, Mazaris AD, Mertzanis Y, Avraam I, Antoniou I, Pantis JD, Sgardelis SP. Providing insights on habitat connectivity for male brown bears: A combination of habitat suitability and landscape graph-based models. Ecol Modell 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2014.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Meineri E, Deville AS, Grémillet D, Gauthier-Clerc M, Béchet A. Combining correlative and mechanistic habitat suitability models to improve ecological compensation. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2014; 90:314-29. [PMID: 24837691 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2013] [Revised: 04/09/2014] [Accepted: 04/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Only a few studies have shown positive impacts of ecological compensation on species dynamics affected by human activities. We argue that this is due to inappropriate methods used to forecast required compensation in environmental impact assessments. These assessments are mostly descriptive and only valid at limited spatial and temporal scales. However, habitat suitability models developed to predict the impacts of environmental changes on potential species' distributions should provide rigorous science-based tools for compensation planning. Here we describe the two main classes of predictive models: correlative models and individual-based mechanistic models. We show how these models can be used alone or synoptically to improve compensation planning. While correlative models are easier to implement, they tend to ignore underlying ecological processes and lack accuracy. On the contrary, individual-based mechanistic models can integrate biological interactions, dispersal ability and adaptation. Moreover, among mechanistic models, those considering animal energy balance are particularly efficient at predicting the impact of foraging habitat loss. However, mechanistic models require more field data compared to correlative models. Hence we present two approaches which combine both methods for compensation planning, especially in relation to the spatial scale considered. We show how the availability of biological databases and software enabling fast and accurate population projections could be advantageously used to assess ecological compensation requirement efficiently in environmental impact assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Meineri
- Centre de recherche de la Tour du Valat, Le Sambuc, 13200, Arles, France; Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, Lilla Frescati, SE-10691, Stockholm, Sweden
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Kowal VA, Schmolke A, Kanagaraj R, Bruggeman D. Resource selection probability functions for gopher tortoise: providing a management tool applicable across the species' range. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2014; 53:594-605. [PMID: 24281920 DOI: 10.1007/s00267-013-0210-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2013] [Accepted: 11/17/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The gopher tortoise (Gopherus polyphemus) is protected by conservation policy throughout its range. Efforts to protect the species from further decline demand detailed understanding of its habitat requirements, which have not yet been rigorously defined. Current methods of identifying gopher tortoise habitat typically rely on coarse soil and vegetation classifications, and are prone to over-prediction of suitable habitat. We used a logistic resource selection probability function in an information-theoretic framework to understand the relative importance of various environmental factors to gopher tortoise habitat selection, drawing on nationwide environmental datasets, and an existing tortoise survey of the Ft. Benning military base. We applied the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) as an index of vegetation density, and found that NDVI was strongly negatively associated with active burrow locations. Our results showed that the most parsimonious model included variables from all candidate model types (landscape features, topography, soil, vegetation), and the model groups describing soil or vegetation alone performed poorly. These results demonstrate with a rigorous quantitative approach that although soil and vegetation are important to the gopher tortoise, they are not sufficient to describe suitable habitat. More widely, our results highlight the feasibility of constructing highly accurate habitat suitability models from data that are widely available throughout the species' range. Our study shows that the widespread availability of national environmental datasets describing important components of gopher tortoise habitat, combined with existing tortoise surveys on public lands, can be leveraged to inform knowledge of habitat suitability and target recovery efforts range-wide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia A Kowal
- Ecological Services and Markets, Inc., 8 Bay Street, Asheville, NC, 28801, USA
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Clavero M, Villero D. Historical Ecology and Invasion Biology: Long-Term Distribution Changes of Introduced Freshwater Species. Bioscience 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/biosci/bit014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Schroeder NM, Ovejero R, Moreno PG, Gregorio P, Taraborelli P, Matteucci SD, Carmanchahi PD. Including species interactions in resource selection of guanacos and livestock in Northern Patagonia. J Zool (1987) 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/jzo.12065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. M. Schroeder
- CONICET; Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas (IADIZA); Mendoza Argentina
- CONICET; GIEFAS-INIBIOMA-AUSMA-UNCo; San Martín de los Andes Neuquén Argentina
| | - R. Ovejero
- CONICET; Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas (IADIZA); Mendoza Argentina
- CONICET; GIEFAS-INIBIOMA-AUSMA-UNCo; San Martín de los Andes Neuquén Argentina
| | - P. G. Moreno
- CONICET; GIEFAS-INIBIOMA-AUSMA-UNCo; San Martín de los Andes Neuquén Argentina
- CONICET; ICiVet-Litoral, LEcEn, FCV-UNL; Santa Fe Argentina
| | - P. Gregorio
- CONICET; GIEFAS-INIBIOMA-AUSMA-UNCo; San Martín de los Andes Neuquén Argentina
| | - P. Taraborelli
- CONICET; Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de las Zonas Áridas (IADIZA); Mendoza Argentina
- CONICET; GIEFAS-INIBIOMA-AUSMA-UNCo; San Martín de los Andes Neuquén Argentina
| | | | - P. D. Carmanchahi
- CONICET; GIEFAS-INIBIOMA-AUSMA-UNCo; San Martín de los Andes Neuquén Argentina
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Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) as a predictor of forage availability for ungulates in forest and field habitats. EUR J WILDLIFE RES 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10344-013-0720-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Parrini F, Macindoe M, Erasmus BFN. A comparison between field-measured NDVI and visual estimates of grass greenness in buffalo-foraging areas. Afr J Ecol 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/aje.12076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Parrini
- Centre for African Ecology; School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences; University of the Witwatersrand; Private Bag 3 Wits 2050 South Africa
| | - Michael Macindoe
- Centre for African Ecology; School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences; University of the Witwatersrand; Private Bag 3 Wits 2050 South Africa
| | - Barend F. N. Erasmus
- Centre for African Ecology; School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences; University of the Witwatersrand; Private Bag 3 Wits 2050 South Africa
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García-Rangel S, Pettorelli N. Thinking spatially: The importance of geospatial techniques for carnivore conservation. ECOL INFORM 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoinf.2012.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Patterns of habitat selection and use by Macaca mulatta tcheliensis in winter and early spring in temperate forest, Jiyuan, China. Biologia (Bratisl) 2012. [DOI: 10.2478/s11756-011-0156-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Bo M, Xiaoming W, Xiaoqing L, Zhenghuan W. GIS analysis of the spatial relationship between plateau pika burrow distribution and vegetation distributional patterns. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1003.2011.08080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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BOJARSKA K, SELVA N. Spatial patterns in brown bear Ursus arctos diet: the role of geographical and environmental factors. Mamm Rev 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2907.2011.00192.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Baldwin RA, Bender LC. Denning Chronology of Black Bears in Eastern Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado. WEST N AM NATURALIST 2010. [DOI: 10.3398/064.070.0106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Cresswell W, Clark JA, Macleod R. How climate change might influence the starvation-predation risk trade-off response. Proc Biol Sci 2009; 276:3553-60. [PMID: 19625317 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2009.1000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Climate change within the UK will affect winter starvation risk because higher temperatures reduce energy budgets and are likely to increase the quality of the foraging environment. Mass regulation in birds is a consequence of the starvation-predation risk trade-off: decreasing starvation risk because of climate change should decrease mass, but this will be countered by the effects of predation risk, because high predation risk has a negative effect on mass when foraging conditions are poor and a positive effect on mass when foraging conditions are good. We tested whether mass regulation in great tits (Parus major) across the UK was related to temporal changes in starvation risk (winter temperature 1995-2005) and spatial changes in predation risk (sparrowhawk Accipiter nisus abundance). As predicted, great tits carried less mass during later, warmer, winters, demonstrating that starvation risk overall has decreased. Also, the effects of predation risk interacted with the effects of temperature (as an index of foraging conditions), so that in colder winters higher sparrowhawk abundance led to lower mass, whereas in warmer, later, winters higher sparrowhawk abundance led to higher mass. Mass regulation in a small bird species may therefore provide an index of how environmental change is affecting the foraging environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Cresswell
- School of Biology, University of St Andrews, Fife KY16 9TS, UK.
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Andrew ME, Ustin SL. Habitat suitability modelling of an invasive plant with advanced remote sensing data. DIVERS DISTRIB 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-4642.2009.00568.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Hamel S, Garel M, Festa-Bianchet M, Gaillard JM, Côté SD. Spring Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) predicts annual variation in timing of peak faecal crude protein in mountain ungulates. J Appl Ecol 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2664.2009.01643.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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