1
|
Dagli N, Haque M, Kumar S. A Bibliometric Analysis of Literature on the Impact of Rheumatoid Arthritis on Oral Health (1987-2024). Cureus 2024; 16:e58891. [PMID: 38659710 PMCID: PMC11040522 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.58891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
This bibliometric analysis investigates the research landscape concerning the impact of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) on oral health through a comprehensive literature review. The study includes all English-language articles retrieved from the PubMed database, focusing on the relationship between RA and various aspects of oral health without any filter. The analysis of 261 publications revealed fluctuations in publication patterns from 1987 to 2024, with notable surges and declines in research activity. Collaborative networks among authors and institutions were identified, highlighting key contributors and prolific institutions such as Karolinska Institutet. The themes prevalent in the research included demographics, oral microbiota, biomarkers, treatment outcomes, and molecular mechanisms. Trend topic and thematic evolution analyses elucidated shifts in research focus from traditional concerns to emerging areas such as oral microbiology and immunological mechanisms. Key findings underscored the need for more clinical trials to comprehend the impact of RA on oral health, enhanced interdisciplinary collaboration, exploration of emerging areas, and longitudinal studies. This analysis provides valuable insights into the evolving research landscape, informing future investigations and interventions to improve oral health outcomes in individuals with RA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Namrata Dagli
- Karnavati Scientific Research Center (KSRC), Karnavati School of Dentistry, Karnavati University, Gandhinagar, IND
| | - Mainul Haque
- Karnavati Scientific Research Center (KSRC), Karnavati School of Dentistry, Karnavati University, Gandhinagar, IND
- Pharmacology and Therapeutics, National Defence University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, MYS
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Periodontology and Implantology, Karnavati School of Dentistry, Karnavati University, Gandhinagar, IND
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Petit C, Culshaw S, Weiger R, Huck O, Sahrmann P. Impact of treatment of rheumatoid arthritis on periodontal disease: A review. Mol Oral Microbiol 2024. [PMID: 38363058 DOI: 10.1111/omi.12454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous studies support a bidirectional association between rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a chronic autoimmune degenerative inflammatory joint disease, and periodontitis, a chronic inflammatory disease caused by the immune reaction to bacteria organized in biofilms. RA and periodontitis are both multifactorial chronic inflammatory diseases that share common modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors. There is no cure for RA; treatment is based on lifestyle modifications and a variety of medications: nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID), glucocorticoids, and disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs, e.g., conventional synthetic DMARDs [csDMARDs]; biological DMARDs [bDMARD] and targeted synthetic DMARDs). There are molecular pathways of inflammation that are common to both RA and periodontitis. Thus, there is a potential effect of RA treatments on periodontitis. This systematic review aims to assess the impact of antirheumatic agents on periodontal conditions of patients suffering from both RA and periodontitis. METHODS PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and Embase online databases were systematically explored, and a manual search was performed to identify relevant studies published until January 2023. This review is registered in the PROSPERO database (CRD42023409006). RESULTS A total of 2827 articles were identified, and 35 fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The included studies generally show a consensus that, at normal dosage, NSAID and corticosteroids have negligible impact on periodontium. Similarly, csDMARD alone or in combination with other csDMARD demonstrated no adverse effect on periodontium. Monotherapy with bDMARD had a positive effect on periodontal pocket depths and gingival inflammation in the longitudinal studies up to 6 months but showed negligible effect on the periodontium in interventional studies with a longer follow-up (9 months and 15.1 months). However, the combination of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α inhibitors + methotrexate (MTX) was associated with a rise in gingival inflammation. Due to the considerable heterogeneity of the study designs, a meta-analysis could not reasonably be performed. CONCLUSION Within the limitations of the available studies, there is evidence to suggest that bDMARD monotherapy may improve the periodontal condition of RA patients with periodontal disease to a certain extent; the concomitant medication of TNF inhibitor + MTX could worsen gingival inflammation. More data are required to understand the impact of RA therapies on periodontal health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Petit
- Department of Periodontology, Endodontology and Cariology, University Centre for Dental Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Dental Faculty, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Hôpitaux universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Shauna Culshaw
- Department of Periodontology, Endodontology and Cariology, University Centre for Dental Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Oral Sciences Research Group, Glasgow Dental School, School of Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Roland Weiger
- Department of Periodontology, Endodontology and Cariology, University Centre for Dental Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Huck
- Dental Faculty, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Hôpitaux universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Philipp Sahrmann
- Department of Periodontology, Endodontology and Cariology, University Centre for Dental Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Anestino TA, Queiroz-Junior CM, Cruz AMF, Souza DG, Madeira MFM. The impact of arthritogenic viruses in oral tissues. J Appl Microbiol 2024; 135:lxae029. [PMID: 38323434 DOI: 10.1093/jambio/lxae029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Arthritis and periodontitis are inflammatory diseases that share several immunopathogenic features. The expansion in the study of virus-induced arthritis has shed light on how this condition could impact other parts of the human body, including the mouth. Viral arthritis is an inflammatory joint disease caused by several viruses, most notably the alphaviruses Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), Sindbis virus (SINV), Ross River virus (RRV), Mayaro virus (MAYV), and O'nyong'nyong virus (ONNV). These viruses can induce an upsurge of matrix metalloproteinases and immune-inflammatory mediators such as Interleukin-6 (IL6), IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor, chemokine ligand 2, and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand in the joint and serum of infected individuals. This can lead to the influx of inflammatory cells to the joints and associated muscles as well as osteoclast activation and differentiation, culminating in clinical signs of swelling, pain, and bone resorption. Moreover, several data indicate that these viral infections can affect other sites of the body, including the mouth. The human oral cavity is a rich and diverse microbial ecosystem, and viral infection can disrupt the balance of microbial species, causing local dysbiosis. Such events can result in oral mucosal damage and gingival bleeding, which are indicative of periodontitis. Additionally, infection by RRV, CHIKV, SINV, MAYV, or ONNV can trigger the formation of osteoclasts and upregulate pro-osteoclastogenic inflammatory mediators, interfering with osteoclast activation. As a result, these viruses may be linked to systemic conditions, including oral manifestations. Therefore, this review focuses on the involvement of alphavirus infections in joint and oral health, acting as potential agents associated with oral mucosal inflammation and alveolar bone loss. The findings of this review demonstrate how alphavirus infections could be linked to the comorbidity between arthritis and periodontitis and may provide a better understanding of potential therapeutic management for both conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thales Augusto Anestino
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, CEP: 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Celso Martins Queiroz-Junior
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, CEP: 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Amanda Medeiros Frota Cruz
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, CEP: 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Daniele G Souza
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, CEP: 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Mila Fernandes Moreira Madeira
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, CEP: 31270-901, Brazil
- Department of Oral Biology, Biomedical Research Institute, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, 14203, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li B, Du M, Sun Q, Cao Z, He H. m 6 A demethylase Fto regulates the TNF-α-induced inflammatory response in cementoblasts. Oral Dis 2023; 29:2806-2815. [PMID: 36227651 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Apical periodontitis is the most frequently occurring pathological lesion. Fat mass and obesity-associated protein (Fto) is the first identified RNA N6-methyladenosine demethylase. However, whether Fto regulates apical periodontitis remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the mechanisms of Fto in the tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-induced inflammatory response. MATERIALS AND METHODS We established an apical periodontitis model. An immortalized cementoblast cell line (OCCM-30) cells were exposed to TNF-α. Fto, Il6, Mcp1, and Mmp9 expressions were assessed by qRT-PCR. We knocked down Fto using lentiviruses and detected TNF-α-induced inflammation-related gene expressions and mRNA stability. RESULTS Mice with apical periodontitis showed downregulation of Fto expression. OCCM-30 cells exposed to TNF-α showed an upregulation of inflammation-related genes with a decrease in Fto. Furthermore, knockdown of Fto promoted the expressions of Il6, Mcp1, and Mmp9 in TNF-α-treated OCCM-30 cells as compared with negative control cells, whereas it did not affect the mRNA stability. Interestingly, Fto knockdown activated the p65, p38, and ERK1/2 pathways, and it slightly activated the JNK signaling pathway after TNF-α administration in OCCM-30 cells. CONCLUSION A TNF-α-induced decrease in the expression of Fto might play a critical role in the inflammatory response in cementoblasts, and knockdown of Fto might upregulate the inflammatory response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Biao Li
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mingyuan Du
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiao Sun
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhengguo Cao
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong He
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bolstad AI, Fevang BTS, Lie SA. Increased risk of periodontitis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: A nationwide register study in Norway. J Clin Periodontol 2023; 50:1022-1032. [PMID: 37202856 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the risk of periodontitis in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients in a nationwide register-based study. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients and controls were defined using ICD-10 codes registered in the Norwegian Patient Registry (NPR), from 2011 to 2017. The 324,232 included subjects had at least one registered diagnostic code for RA (33,040 patients) or diagnostic codes for non-osteoporotic fractures or hip or knee replacement due to osteoarthritis (controls). The outcome was periodontitis, defined by codes for periodontal treatment from the Norwegian Control and Payment of Health Reimbursements Database (KUHR). Hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated for periodontitis in RA patients compared to controls. Generalized additive model in Cox regressions was estimated to visualize periodontitis occurrences as a function of number of RA visits. RESULTS The risk of periodontitis increased with increasing number of RA visits. RA patients having 10 or more visits during the 7-year period had a 50% increased risk of periodontitis compared to controls (HR = 1.48, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.39-1.59); also, in patients with assumed new RA, an even higher risk estimate was seen (HR = 1.82, 95% CI: 1.53-2.17). CONCLUSIONS In this register-based study in which periodontal treatment was used as a surrogate marker for periodontitis, we found an increased risk of periodontitis in RA patients, particularly those with active disease and new RA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Isine Bolstad
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, The Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Bjørg-Tilde Svanes Fevang
- Department of Clinical Science, The Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Rheumatology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Stein Atle Lie
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, The Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- The Norwegian Arthroplasty Register, Department of Orthopedics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
González-Chávez SA, Chaparro-Barrera E, Alvarado-Jáquez MF, Cuevas-Martínez R, Ochoa-Albíztegui RE, Pacheco-Tena C. Complete Freund's Adjuvant Induces a Fibroblast-like Synoviocytes (FLS) Metabolic and Migratory Phenotype in Resident Fibroblasts of the Inoculated Footpad at the Earliest Stage of Adjuvant-Induced Arthritis. Cells 2023; 12:cells12060842. [PMID: 36980183 PMCID: PMC10047124 DOI: 10.3390/cells12060842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) have a crucial role in the pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA); however, its precise mechanisms remain partially unknown. The involvement of the fibroblast in activating adjuvant-induced arthritis (AA) has not been previously reported. The objective was to describe the participation of footpads' fibroblasts in the critical initial process that drives the AA onset. Wistar rats were injected with Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA) or saline solution in the hind paws' footpads and euthanized at 24 or 48 h for genetic and histological analyses. Microarrays revealed the differentially expressed genes between the groups. The CFA dysregulated RA-linked biological processes at both times. Genes of MAPK, Jak-STAT, HIF, PI3K-Akt, TLR, TNF, and NF-κB signaling pathways were altered 24 h before the arrival of immune cells (CD4, CD8, and CD68). Key markers TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, NFκB, MEK-1, JAK3, Enolase, and VEGF were immunodetected in fibroblast in CFA-injected footpads at 24 h but not in the control group. Moreover, fibroblasts in the CFA inoculation site overexpressed cadherin-11, which is linked to the migration and invasion ability of RA-FLS. Our study shows that CFA induced a pathological phenotype in the fibroblast of the inoculation site at very early AA stages from 24 h, suggesting a prominent role in arthritis activation processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susana Aideé González-Chávez
- Laboratorio PABIOM, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Chihuahua 31125, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Chaparro-Barrera
- Laboratorio PABIOM, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Chihuahua 31125, Mexico
| | - María Fernanda Alvarado-Jáquez
- Laboratorio PABIOM, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Chihuahua 31125, Mexico
| | - Rubén Cuevas-Martínez
- Laboratorio PABIOM, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Chihuahua 31125, Mexico
| | | | - César Pacheco-Tena
- Laboratorio PABIOM, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Chihuahua 31125, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Selenomonas sputigena Interactions with Gingival Epithelial Cells That Promote Inflammation. Infect Immun 2023; 91:e0031922. [PMID: 36648232 PMCID: PMC9933688 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00319-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased prevalence and abundance of Selenomonas sputigena have been associated with periodontitis, a chronic inflammatory disease of tooth-supporting tissues, for more than 50 years. Over the past decade, molecular surveys of periodontal disease using 16S and shotgun metagenomic sequencing approaches have confirmed the disease association of classically recognized periodontal pathogens such as Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola, and Tannerella forsythia while highlighting previously underappreciated organisms such as Filifactor alocis and S. sputigena. Despite abundant clinical association between S. sputigena and periodontal disease, we have little to no understanding of its pathogenic potential, and virulence mechanisms have not been studied. In this study, we sought to characterize the response of gingival epithelial cells to infection with S. sputigena. Here, we show that S. sputigena attaches to gingival keratinocytes and induces expression and secretion of cytokines and chemokines associated with inflammation and leukocyte recruitment. We demonstrate that S. sputigena induces signaling through Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and TLR4 but evades activation of TLR5. Cytokines released from S. sputigena-infected keratinocytes induced monocyte and neutrophil chemotaxis. These results show that S. sputigena-host interactions have the potential to contribute to bacterially driven inflammation and tissue destruction, the hallmark of periodontitis. Characterization of previously unstudied pathogens may provide novel approaches to develop therapeutics to treat or prevent periodontal disease.
Collapse
|
8
|
Eezammuddeen NN, Vaithilingam RD, Hassan NHM. Influence of periodontitis on levels of autoantibodies in rheumatoid arthritis patients: A systematic review. J Periodontal Res 2023; 58:29-42. [PMID: 36317493 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Periodontitis (PD) is a dysbiotic disease of tooth-supporting structures that has been associated with various systemic diseases including rheumatoid arthritis (RA). To date, evidence demonstrated increased prevalence of RA among PD patients and postulated PD to have a role in the development of autoantibodies in RA patients. Therefore, a systematic review was conducted to assess the available evidence to ascertain the effect of PD on levels of autoantibodies in the serum, saliva and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of RA patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS The systematic review was conducted in compliance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement guidelines. Relevant literature was searched from PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Ebscohost databases from inception until 31 August 2020. The risk of bias in each study was determined based on the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale tool. Results from random-effect meta-analyses were presented as summary estimates of odds ratios (ORs) for seropositivity and standardised mean difference (SMD) of autoantibody levels with 95% confidence intervals. Sensitivity tests and meta-regression were performed to assess the robustness of the results and potential cause of heterogeneity. RESULTS The electronic and manual searches gathered 932 articles. Following screening and full-text assessment, a total of 29 studies were included in the analysis. Twenty-eight published observational studies were included in the quantitative analysis in the form of random-effect meta-analysis which revealed that PD was associated with anti-citrullinated proteins autoantibodies (ACPAs) and Rheumatoid Factor (RF) seropositive RA patients (OR for ACPA seropositivity: 1.82; 95% CI: 1.13-2.93) (OR for RF seropositivity: 1.53; 95% CI: 1.05-2.24). Also, RA patients with PD had increased serum levels of ACPA and RF. However, high heterogeneity among studies' results, partially ascribed to the unstandardised case definition of PD and laboratory testing of autoantibodies. Apart from ACPA and RF in serum, studies which reported on other RA-related autoantibodies, as well as autoantibody levels in saliva and GCF were scarce. CONCLUSION RA patients with PD tend to have greater ACPA and RF levels in their serum when compared with the RA patients without PD supporting the plausible role of PD in the development of systemic autoimmunity in RA patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nazurah Nik Eezammuddeen
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Centre for Comprehensive Care, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Rathna Devi Vaithilingam
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Tonelli A, Lumngwena EN, Ntusi NAB. The oral microbiome in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease. Nat Rev Cardiol 2023; 20:386-403. [PMID: 36624275 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-022-00825-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Despite advances in our understanding of the pathophysiology of many cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and expansion of available therapies, the global burden of CVD-associated morbidity and mortality remains unacceptably high. Important gaps remain in our understanding of the mechanisms of CVD and determinants of disease progression. In the past decade, much research has been conducted on the human microbiome and its potential role in modulating CVD. With the advent of high-throughput technologies and multiomics analyses, the complex and dynamic relationship between the microbiota, their 'theatre of activity' and the host is gradually being elucidated. The relationship between the gut microbiome and CVD is well established. Much less is known about the role of disruption (dysbiosis) of the oral microbiome; however, interest in the field is growing, as is the body of literature from basic science and animal and human investigations. In this Review, we examine the link between the oral microbiome and CVD, specifically coronary artery disease, stroke, peripheral artery disease, heart failure, infective endocarditis and rheumatic heart disease. We discuss the various mechanisms by which oral dysbiosis contributes to CVD pathogenesis and potential strategies for prevention and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Tonelli
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.,Cardiovascular Research Unit, Christiaan Barnard Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.,Cape Heart Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,Extramural Research Unit on the Intersection of Noncommunicable Diseases and Infectious Disease, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Evelyn N Lumngwena
- Cape Heart Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.,Centre for the Study of Emerging and Re-emerging Infections, Institute for Medical Research and Medicinal Plant Studies, Ministry of Scientific Research and Innovation, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Ntobeko A B Ntusi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa. .,Cape Heart Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa. .,Extramural Research Unit on the Intersection of Noncommunicable Diseases and Infectious Disease, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa. .,Cape Universities Body Imaging Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa. .,Wellcome Centre for Infectious Disease Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Haque M, Ahmad R. Oral health alterations: Glimpse into its connection to inflammatory rheumatic diseases. ADVANCES IN HUMAN BIOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.4103/aihb.aihb_11_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
|
11
|
Severe Periodontitis Is a Major Contributory Factor to Unmet Dental Healthcare Needs among Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients in Hong Kong. Int J Dent 2022; 2022:8710880. [PMID: 36506787 PMCID: PMC9733996 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8710880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to examine the frequency and predictive factors of adverse oral and dental outcomes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with the goal to address their unmet dental healthcare needs in the metropolitan city of Hong Kong. Methods 238 RA patients followed up at local public hospitals were recruited in this cross-sectional study. A full dental examination was performed. Data were compared with the retrospective data collected from age-matched control groups in the community conducted in a territory-wide oral health survey in 2011. Predictive factors for severe periodontitis including various demographic and disease-specific factors were examined by multiple logistic regression analysis. Results Loose teeth and gum bleeding were frequent dental complaints. Only 85.0% of RA patients had >20 natural teeth. Total edentulism was observed in 3.8% of patients, which was higher among adult (22-64 years) and elderly (>65 years old) RA patients than their respective age-matched community control groups. RA patients had a higher decayed, missing, and filled tooth score. Adult RA patients had a 5.3-fold increase in risk of severe periodontitis than their community counterparts. The plaque index was the main predisposing factor for severe periodontitis (odds ratio 17.5, p=0.001), which was worse among the 22-34 age group of patients. More RA patients required tooth extraction compared to dental filling for their community controls. Conclusion Severe periodontitis is a major cause of unmet dental healthcare needs among RA patients in Hong Kong. It is recommended that dental care plans for RA patients be commenced early among newly diagnosed patients.
Collapse
|
12
|
Parsaei A, Mehdipour A, Ghadimi H, Mohammadi Kooshki A, Shajari P, Masoumi M, Torabi P, Azizi H, Amini B, Karimi H, Dehghanbanadaki H, Aghaali M, Moradi S. Oral health-related quality of life in rheumatoid arthritis: a comparative analysis. BMC Rheumatol 2022; 6:61. [PMID: 36253846 PMCID: PMC9578249 DOI: 10.1186/s41927-022-00292-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Compared to the healthy population, the psychological impact of rheumatoid arthritis(RA) on patients' lives could dramatically lower their oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). Our goal is to analyze OHRQoL in RA patients and look into the role of disease activity, dental health index, and Temporomandibular disorders score in maintaining their oral health. Methods In a cross-sectional comparative study, we compared a sample of 40 RA patients with 40 age- and gender-matched healthy controls in terms of oral health and OHRQoL. Temporomandibular disorders (TMD), number of decayed, filled, or missing teeth (DMFT), and Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) were among the oral health factors studied (OHIP-14). This study also looked at the link between the RA disease activity score (DAS28) and oral health factors. Results RA patients had a significantly higher mean (poorer OHRQol) than healthy controls in total oral function, total psychosocial impact, OHIP-14 sum score, OHIP-14 extent score, TMD score and the number of missed teeth (Mann–Whitney U test, P-value < 0.05). After adjustment for DMFT, only the oral function score of OHIP-14 had a significant correlation with disease activity (Mann–Whitney U test, P-value < 0.05). The TMD sum score significantly correlated with disease activity regardless of adjustment for DMFT (Spearman's Correlation test, P-value < 0.05 for both). The number of decayed teeth and missed teeth showed a positive correlation with increased disease activity (Coefficient = 0.239 and 0.245, P-value < 0.05 for both). Conclusions Patients with RA are less satisfied with their oral health than healthy controls. In RA patients, the number of missing teeth and temporomandibular disorders was substantially greater, and the number of missing teeth and temporomandibular diseases increased significantly with increased disease activity. Although OHRQoL was inversely connected with RA activity, after correcting for decaying, missing, and filled teeth, only the oral function score of OHIP-14 exhibited a slight connection to DAS28. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s41927-022-00292-w.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Aida Mehdipour
- Qom Dental School, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | | | | | - Parisa Shajari
- Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Maryam Masoumi
- Clinical Research of Development Center, Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Qom, Iran.
| | - Pouya Torabi
- Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Azizi
- Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behnam Amini
- Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hanie Karimi
- Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hojat Dehghanbanadaki
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Aghaali
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Soroush Moradi
- Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Aziz J, Vaithilingam RD, Radzi Z, Rahman MT. Inflammatory Responses in Periodontitis with or Without Rheumatoid Arthritis Alter Salivary Metallothionein and Zinc. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 201:3162-3174. [PMID: 36094693 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03416-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Periodontitis (PD) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are causally linked by their common inflammatory responses, yet it is largely unknown if these inflammatory responses might have an impact on salivary metallothionein (MT), zinc (Zn), and calcium (Ca) content. In this study, we analysed salivary concentrations of pro-inflammatory (IFN-γ, IL-6, and IL-17) and anti-inflammatory (IL-4 and IL-10) cytokines, as well as MT, Zn, and Ca in four groups of participants, namely control (without PD or RA, n = 21), PD (n = 21), RA (n = 21), or RAPD (n = 19). As expected, an increased amount of salivary pro-inflammatory cytokines were observed in the PD, RA, and RAPD groups. While Ca concentration was not significantly different between the groups, Zn concentration was lower in the PD, RA, and RAPD groups compared to the control group (p < 0.05). These groups also expressed higher MT/Zn ratios compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Unlike the control group, concentrations of inflammatory cytokines, MT, Zn, and Ca correlated with each other in the PD, RA, and RAPD groups (p < 0.05). Additionally, comorbidity of PD and RA appears to have a cumulative immuno-pathological impact that warrants further investigation. This study suggests that, in addition to inflammatory cytokines, salivary MT and Zn could reflect the severity of PD with or without RA, hence providing an important biomarker for diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jazli Aziz
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rathna Devi Vaithilingam
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Zamri Radzi
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry & Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zekeridou A, Gilbert B, Finckh A, Giannopoulou C. Periodontitis in First Degree-Relatives of Individuals With Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Short Narrative Review. FRONTIERS IN ORAL HEALTH 2022; 3:895753. [PMID: 35601818 PMCID: PMC9120603 DOI: 10.3389/froh.2022.895753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontal disease (PD) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are chronic inflammatory diseases with a bi-directional relationship. Both share common genetic and environmental risk factors and result in the progressive destruction of bone and connective tissue. First degree relatives of patients with RA (FDR-RA) are one of the at-risk populations for RA. The etiopathogenic mechanisms of their susceptibility are currently being explored, focusing mostly on the role of anti–cyclic citrullinated protein/ peptide antibodies (ACPA) in triggering RA. Oral microbiota and their relation with oral health has been suggested as a factor influencing the risk of the FDR-RA developing RA. In particular, compromised periodontal status often correlates with ACPA seropositivity in FDR-RA. The presence of periodontal pathogens such as Porphyromonas gingivalis, in oral microbiota has been proposed to increase the risk of developing RA through its uniquely expressed peptidyl arginine deiminase (PPAD), capable of citrullinating both host and bacterial peptides. Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and its leukotoxin A (LtxA), also induces hypercitrullination in host neutrophils. Common risk factors of periodontitis and RA such as genetic predisposition, smoking, higher local and systemic inflammatory burden, are discussed in the literature. Based on those mechanisms periodontal disease seems to be presented as one of the factors triggering RA in FDR-RA. Larger studies evaluating all the potential mechanisms linking RA and periodontitis are needed in FDR-RA to confirm that periodontal disease should be considered in the screening of FDR-RA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alkisti Zekeridou
- Division of Regenerative Dental Medicine and Periodontology, University Clinics of Dental Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- *Correspondence: Alkisti Zekeridou ;
| | - Benoit Gilbert
- Division of Rheumatology, Geneva University Hospitals (HUG), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Axel Finckh
- Division of Rheumatology, Geneva University Hospitals (HUG), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Catherine Giannopoulou
- Division of Regenerative Dental Medicine and Periodontology, University Clinics of Dental Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Farag AGA, Shoaib MAA, Labeeb AZ, Sleem AS, Hussien HAAEW, Elshaib ME, Hanout HMA. S100A8 (rs3806232) gene polymorphism and S100A8 serum level in psoriasis vulgaris patients: A preliminary study. J Cosmet Dermatol 2022; 21:4974-4982. [PMID: 35316567 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.14928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND S100A8 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and S100A8 blood level are related to many inflammatory disorders with no available conclusion in psoriasis. AIM to evaluate the possible role of S100A8 in psoriasis pathogenesis through analyzing its S100A8 (rs3806232) gene polymorphism and S100A8 serum level in psoriasis vulgaris patients, in addition to correlate the detected results with severity psoriasis in those patients. METHODS This case-control study was conducted on 50 patients having psoriasis vulgaris, and 26 controls. Severity of psoriasis was evaluated using psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) score. S100A8 serum level and S100A8 (rs3806232) SNP were evaluated by ELISA and polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) respectively. RESULTS Serum S100A8 level was significantly higher in psoriatic patients than controls and was positively correlated with PASI score (r=0.826, p<0.001). S100A8 (rs3806232) AA genotype and A allele were significantly increased among psoriasis patients than controls (p<0.001) increasing risk of psoriasis development by about 5, 12 and 6 times than AG, GG and G allele. AA genotype was significantly associated with psoriasis severity (p=0.005), and high S100A8 serum levels (P= 0.018). CONCLUSIONS Circulating S100A8 could associated with disease severity and have an active role in psoriasis pathogenesis. S100A8 (rs3806232) SNP (AA genotype and A allele) might contribute to development and severity of psoriasis in the Egyptian population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Azza Gaber Antar Farag
- Dermatology, Andrology and STDs department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Egypt
| | | | - Azza Zagloul Labeeb
- Microbiology and Immunology department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Egypt
| | - Asmaa Shaaban Sleem
- Microbiology and Immunology department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Egypt
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Shim H, Koo J, Ahn J. Association between Rheumatoid Arthritis and Poor Self-Perceived Oral Health in Korean Adults. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10030427. [PMID: 35326903 PMCID: PMC8954365 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10030427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and objective: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and oral health problems have been reported as specific disease units; however, this study was conducted to evaluate the association between RA and comprehensive oral health status. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the association between RA and oral health using self-perceived oral health (SPOH) variables that can determine the oral health status in Korean adults using representative national data. Methods: Data from 40,186 selected participants were collected from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) between 2007 and 2018. The prevalence relative risk (PRR) was estimated using Poisson regression analysis to obtain the risk ratio of the SPOH according to RA. Results: The risk of SPOH depending on the RA status was statistically significant (odds ratio [OR] = 1.108, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.005–1.222). In addition, the risk of SPOH depending on the RA status was higher in the group with diabetes mellitus (DM) (OR = 1.205, 95% CI 0.966–1.503) than in the group without DM (OR = 1.088, 95% CI 0.976–1.214). Conclusions: In this study, a significant association was identified between RA and SPOH. Oral health experts should identify the factors affecting the oral health of patients with RA and provide correct oral health care; however, additional research is needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hana Shim
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea;
| | - Jungwan Koo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.K.); (J.A.); Tel.: +82-2-2258-6268 (J.K.); +82-2-2258-6701 (J.A.); Fax: +82-2-2258-6678 (J.K. & J.A.)
| | - Joonho Ahn
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.K.); (J.A.); Tel.: +82-2-2258-6268 (J.K.); +82-2-2258-6701 (J.A.); Fax: +82-2-2258-6678 (J.K. & J.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Looh SC, Soo ZMP, Wong JJ, Yam HC, Chow SK, Hwang JS. Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans as the Aetiological Cause of Rheumatoid Arthritis: What Are the Unsolved Puzzles? Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14010050. [PMID: 35051027 PMCID: PMC8777676 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14010050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Leukotoxin A (LtxA) is the major virulence factor of an oral bacterium known as Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa). LtxA is associated with elevated levels of anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. LtxA targets leukocytes and triggers an influx of extracellular calcium into cytosol. The current proposed model of LtxA-mediated hypercitrullination involves the dysregulated activation of peptidylarginine deiminase (PAD) enzymes to citrullinate proteins, the release of hypercitrullinated proteins through cell death, and the production of autoantigens recognized by ACPA. Although model-based evidence is yet to be established, its interaction with the host’s immune system sparked interest in the role of LtxA in RA. The first part of this review summarizes the current knowledge of Aa and LtxA. The next part highlights the findings of previous studies on the association of Aa or LtxA with RA aetiology. Finally, we discuss the unresolved aspects of the proposed link between LtxA of Aa and RA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sung Cheng Looh
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (S.C.L.); (H.C.Y.)
| | - Zoey May Pheng Soo
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia; (Z.M.P.S.); (J.J.W.)
| | - Jia Jia Wong
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia; (Z.M.P.S.); (J.J.W.)
| | - Hok Chai Yam
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (S.C.L.); (H.C.Y.)
| | | | - Jung Shan Hwang
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Chaves IDM, Zicker MC, Laranjeira ADO, Silveira ALM, Aguiar DCD, Barrioni BR, Ferreira AVDM, Teixeira MM, Silva TAD, Souza DDGD, Madeira MFM. Dysbiotic oral microbiota contributes to alveolar bone loss associated with obesity in mice. J Appl Oral Sci 2022; 30:e20220238. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757-2022-0238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
|
19
|
Maruoka Y, Michiwaki Y, Sekiya H, Kurasawa Y, Natsume N. What does oral care mean to society? Biosci Trends 2022; 16:7-19. [DOI: 10.5582/bst.2022.01046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Maruoka
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Center Hospital, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Michiwaki
- Division of Special Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Japanese Red Cross Musashino Hospital, Musashino, Japan
| | - Hideki Sekiya
- Department of Oral Surgery, School of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kurasawa
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nagato Natsume
- Division of Research and Treatment for Oral and Maxillofacial Congenital Anomalies, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Afilal S, Rkain H, Allaoui A, Fellous S, Berkchi JM, Taik FZ, Aachari I, Tahiri L, Alami N, Ennibi O, Hajjaj-Hassouni N, Allali F. Oral Hygiene Status in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients and Related Factors. Mediterr J Rheumatol 2021; 32:249-255. [PMID: 34964029 PMCID: PMC8693299 DOI: 10.31138/mjr.32.3.249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To evaluate oral hygiene status in Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, to analyse possible related factors, and to investigate the role of the rheumatologist in information about importance of adequate oral hygiene status in RA patients. Methods A cross-sectional study that included 100 consecutive RA patients (89% female, mean age 46.7 ± 11.7 years). For each patient, we recorded oral symptoms, oral hygiene status and role of rheumatologist in information on the oral hygiene status. Factors associated with regular brushing (≥2/day) were also analysed. Results Median disease duration was 8 years (4;2). Dental pain was reported by 74% of patients and bleeding by 51% of them. Regular brushing was noted in 45% of patients. The use of a correct brushing method was noted in 14% of cases. Two patients reported visiting a dentist regularly. Information explaining that poor oral hygiene has a negative impact on RA was delivered by rheumatologist to 11 patients. Regular brushing of teeth was recommended by rheumatologist to 8 patients and 10 patients were advised by their rheumatologist to consult a dentist. Regular brushing was more important in women (48,3% vs 18,2%; p=0.05) and in the literate patients (57,6 vs 31,2%, p<0.01). No association was found between regular brushing, Disease Activity Score 28 (DAS28) and health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ). Conclusion This study illustrates bad oral hygiene status in RA patients, which seems more important in men and illiterate patients. It also highlights poor information given by the rheumatologist.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saloua Afilal
- Rheumatology B Department, El Ayachi Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rabat, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Hanan Rkain
- Rheumatology B Department, El Ayachi Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rabat, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco.,Laboratory of Physiology, Physiology team of Exercise and Autonomic Nervous System, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rabat, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Afaf Allaoui
- Periodontology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Safaa Fellous
- Rheumatology B Department, El Ayachi Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rabat, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Jihad Moulay Berkchi
- Rheumatology B Department, El Ayachi Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rabat, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Fatima Zahrae Taik
- Rheumatology B Department, El Ayachi Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rabat, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Ilham Aachari
- Rheumatology B Department, El Ayachi Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rabat, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Latifa Tahiri
- Rheumatology B Department, El Ayachi Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rabat, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Nada Alami
- Rheumatology B Department, El Ayachi Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rabat, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - OumKeltoum Ennibi
- Periodontology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | | | - Fadoua Allali
- Rheumatology B Department, El Ayachi Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Rabat, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Zhang X, Sun Z, Zhou A, Tao L, Chen Y, Shi X, Yin J, Sun Z, Ding G. Association Between Infections and Risk of Ankylosing Spondylitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:768741. [PMID: 34745144 PMCID: PMC8569302 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.768741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previous literature on the association between infections and the risk of developing ankylosing spondylitis (AS) presented controversial results. This meta-analysis aimed to quantitatively investigate the effect of infections on the risk of AS. Methods We searched the PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases until March 26, 2021 for analytical epidemiological studies on the association between infections and the risk of AS. Fixed or random effect models were used to calculate total risk estimates based on study heterogeneity. Subgroup analysis, and sensitivity analysis were also performed. Publication bias was estimated using funnel plots and Begg’s test. Results Six case-control articles (n=1,296,239) and seven cohort articles (n=7,618,524) were incorporated into our meta-analysis. The pooled odds ratio (OR) from these case-control studies showed that infections were associated with an increased risk of AS (OR=1.46, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.23–1.73), and the pooled relative risk (RR) from the cohort studies showed the same findings (RR=1.35, 95% CI, 1.12–1.63). Subgroup analysis showed that infections in participants with unadjusted comorbidities (OR=1.66, 95% CI, 1.35–2.03), other types of infection (OR=1.40, 95% CI, 1.15–1.70), and infection of the immune system (OR=1.46, 95% CI, 1.42–1.49) were associated with the risk of AS in case-control studies. In cohort studies, infections with adjusted comorbidities (RR=1.39, 95% CI, 1.15–1.68), viral infection (RR=1.43, 95% CI, 1.22–1.66), other types of infection (RR=1.44, 95% CI, 1.12–1.86), and other sites of infection (RR=1.36, 95% CI, 1.11–1.67) were associated with an increased risk of AS. Conclusions The findings of this meta-analysis confirm that infections significantly increase the risks of AS. This is helpful in providing an essential basis for the prevention of AS via the avoidance of infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhang
- School of Nursing, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China.,School of Clinical Medline, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China.,School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China
| | - Zhe Sun
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, China
| | - Aihong Zhou
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, China
| | - Lei Tao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, China
| | - Yingxin Chen
- School of Nursing, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China.,School of Clinical Medline, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Xinyu Shi
- School of Nursing, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China.,School of Clinical Medline, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Jia Yin
- School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China
| | - Zheng Sun
- School of Clinical Medline, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Guoyong Ding
- School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China.,The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Mishra S, Johnson L, Agrawal S, Rajput S. Assessment of Periodontal status in Patients with Psoriatic Arthritis: A retrospective, case-control study. J Clin Exp Dent 2021; 13:e776-e783. [PMID: 34512916 PMCID: PMC8412814 DOI: 10.4317/jced.58125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and periodontitis both represent chronic inflammatory disorders that share similar pathophysiological processes. However, very few studies have been done to address the link between the two diseases which remains poorly understood. The present study aimed to assess and compare the periodontal status in patients suffering from PsA and systemically healthy subjects to identify whether a possible association exists between PsA and periodontitis.
Material and Methods Periodontal parameters – PI, BOP, mGI, PPD and CAL were recorded in 110 patients with PsA and 110 age- and gender-matched systemically healthy patients. Mean values of the periodontal parameters were calculated for both groups and subjected to statistical analysis. Logistic regression analysis was performed to correlate the demographic data with periodontitis.
Results The frequency of periodontitis and mean values of BOP, mGI, PPD and CAL were found to be significantly higher in patients with PsA than in systemically healthy controls. The number of patients with stage III periodontitis was found to be significantly higher in the PsA group.
Conclusions A possible link exists between periodontitis and psoriatic arthritis, as exhibited by the results of the present study. Dental and medical health professionals should be aware of this relationship depending on which, they should carry out adequate treatment strategies involving periodic periodontal evaluation and care. Key words:Periodontitis, psoriatic arthritis, chronic inflammation, probing pocket depth, clinical attachment loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Supriya Mishra
- MDS, Resident, Department of Periodontics, Government Dental College, Raipur, Chhattisgarh state, India
| | - Lynn Johnson
- MDS, Lecturer, Department of Periodontics, Maitri College of Dentistry and Research Centre, Anjora, Durg, Chhattisgarh state, India
| | - Sangita Agrawal
- MDS, Reader, Department of Periodontics, Government Dental College, Raipur, Chhattisgarh State, India
| | - Shikha Rajput
- MDS, Senior Lecturer, Department of Periodontics, Mansarovar Dental College, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
González-Febles J, Sanz M. Periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis: What have we learned about their connection and their treatment? Periodontol 2000 2021; 87:181-203. [PMID: 34463976 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis and periodontitis are chronic inflammatory diseases defined respectively by the destruction of the articular cartilage and tooth-supporting periodontal tissues. Although the epidemiologic evidence for an association between these two diseases is still scarce, there is emerging scientific information linking specific bacterial periodontal pathogens, such as Porphyromonas gingivalis and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, in the citrullination process, leading to autoantibody formation and compromised immunotolerance of the susceptible patient to rheumatoid arthritis. In this review, we update the existing information on the evidence, not only regarding the epidemiologic association, but also the biologic mechanisms linking these two diseases. Finally, we review information emerging from intervention studies evaluating whether periodontal treatment could influence the initiation and progression of rheumatoid arthritis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jerián González-Febles
- Departament of Dental Clinical Specialties, Faculty of Odontology, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain.,Research Group on the Aetiology and Treatment of Periodontal and Periimplant Diseases (ETEP), Faculty of Odontology, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mariano Sanz
- Departament of Dental Clinical Specialties, Faculty of Odontology, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain.,Research Group on the Aetiology and Treatment of Periodontal and Periimplant Diseases (ETEP), Faculty of Odontology, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Ahmed S, Kumar S, Alsaadi RA, Ansari FM, Abrol S, Bhowmick D, Tabassum N. Oral Health and Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Case Control Study. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2021; 13:S315-S318. [PMID: 34447101 PMCID: PMC8375828 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_704_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Association between oral health and rheumatoid arthritis is well established. Oral health-related quality of life was determined in patients diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Materials and Methods: This study was conducted among 45 patients (males 25 and female 20) (Group I) of RA and 45 healthy participants as control (Group II). Disease activity score 28 test, health assessment questionnaire (HAQ), and general oral health assessment index (GOHAI) questionnaire were applied. Results: The mean HAQ score in Group I was 1.14 and in Group II was 0.36. The mean GOHAI score in Group I was 36.4 and in Group II was 52.8. The mean HAQ in males was 0.94 and in females was 34.6. The mean GOHAI in males was 12.6 and in females was 38.2. In Group I, there were 15 patients with HAQ level 1 and 30 with HAQ level 2 and in Group II was 40 with HAQ levels 1 and 5 with HAQ level 2. In Group I, 42 had Dt GOHAI = 0 and 3 had Dt GOHAI = 1 and in Group II, 10 had Dt GOHAI = 0 and 35 had Dt GOHAI = 1. The difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in the mean value of HAQ and GOHAI in degree of disease activity (P < 0.05). There was an increase in HAQ and decreases GOHAI scores with the deterioration of disease. There was a correlation between age and involved joints with HAQ and inverse relationship between age and involved joints with GOHAI. Conclusion: Authors found that RA patients had poor oral health quality of life. It was found that aging and with the deterioration of disease, GOHAI, and the oral health quality of life of patients decreased.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suhael Ahmed
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shubham Kumar
- Department of Dentistry, Shri Krishna Medical College and Hospital, Muzaffarpur, Bihar, India
| | | | - Faisal Mohiuddin Ansari
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedic, Government Dental College and Hospital, Afzal Gunj, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | | | - Devleena Bhowmick
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, PDM Dental College and Research Institute, Jhajjar, Haryana, India
| | - Nafeesa Tabassum
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Nik-Azis NM, Mohd N, Baharin B, Said MSM, Fadzilah FM, Haflah NHM. Periodontal disease in seropositive rheumatoid arthritis: scoping review of the epidemiological evidence. Germs 2021; 11:266-286. [PMID: 34422698 DOI: 10.18683/germs.2021.1263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The link between periodontal disease (PD) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has been hypothesized to lie in the anti-cyclic citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA) molecules present in seropositive RA. This review aimed to discuss how RA and specifically ACPA-positive RA link to PD, and appraise the epidemiological evidence on the relationship between ACPA-positive RA and PD. Articles were searched following the PRISMA guideline across the MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus and Cochrane Library databases. A total of 21 articles met the inclusion criteria of reporting the epidemiological data on the different ACPA status of the subjects with RA and PD (or periodontitis) parameters. A discrepancy is noted in the epidemiological evidence on the difference in the prevalence and severity of PD between ACPA-positive and ACPA-negative RA patients. Although the link between RA and PD is mostly discussed in terms of ACPA, reports on the different manifestations of PD between the two RA subsets remains inconclusive.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nik-Madihah Nik-Azis
- Dr., BDS, DClindent, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nurulhuda Mohd
- Dr., DDS, MClinDent, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Badiah Baharin
- Assoc. Prof. Dr., BDS, MClinDent, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Shahrir Mohamed Said
- Prof. Dr., MBBS, MMed, Rheumatology Unit, Medical Department, Faculty of Medicine, Hospital Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Fazalina Mohd Fadzilah
- Dr., MBBS, MMed, Radiology Department, Sunway Medical Centre, Bandar Sunway, 47500 Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nor Hazla Mohamed Haflah
- Prof. Dr., MBChB, MS (Orth), Orthopaedic Department, Faculty of Medicine, Hospital Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Lew PH, Rahman MT, Safii SH, Baharuddin NA, Bartold PM, Sockalingam S, Kassim NLA, Vaithilingam RD. Antibodies against citrullinated proteins in relation to periodontitis with or without rheumatoid arthritis: a cross-sectional study. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:360. [PMID: 34284769 PMCID: PMC8293567 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01712-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies have reported conflicting findings between serum anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA) levels in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) participants with and without periodontitis (Pd). This study aimed to analyse possible correlations between serum ACPA levels and clinical parameters in Pd and RA participants. Methods Full mouth periodontal examination (probing pocket depth, clinical attachment levels, gingival bleeding index, visual plaque index) was conducted and serum samples obtained from 80 participants comprising RA, Pd, both RA and Pd (RAPd) and healthy individuals (HC). Erythrocyte sedimentation rates (ESR) and periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA) were obtained. Serum samples were analysed for ACPA quantification using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results Median levels (IU/mL) of ACPA (interquartile range, IQR) in RAPd, RA, Pd and HC groups were 118.58(274.51), 102.02(252.89), 78.48(132.6) and 51.67(91.31) respectively. ACPA levels were significantly higher in RAPd and RA as compared to HC group (p < 0.05). However, ACPA levels of any of the groups were not correlated with any clinical periodontal and RA parameters within the respective groups. Conclusions At individual level, the amount of serum ACPA seem to have an increasing trend with the diseased condition in the order of RAPd > RA > Pd > HC. However, lack of any significant correlation between the serum ACPA levels with the clinical Pd and RA parameters warrants further studies to investigate the causal link between RA and Pd for such a trend. Further studies involving more inflammatory biomarkers might be useful to establish the causal link between Pd in the development and progression of RA or vice versa. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12903-021-01712-y.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pit Hui Lew
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Syarida Hasnur Safii
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nor Adinar Baharuddin
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Sargunan Sockalingam
- Department of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Noor Lide Abu Kassim
- Kulliyyah of Education, International Islamic University Malaysia, 53100, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rathna Devi Vaithilingam
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Aziz J, Rahman MT, Vaithilingam RD. Dysregulation of metallothionein and zinc aggravates periodontal diseases. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2021; 66:126754. [PMID: 33831799 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2021.126754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periodontitis (PD) is a multifaceted inflammatory disease connected to bacterial infection that results in the destruction of tooth supporting structures and eventually tooth loss. Given their involvement in infection and inflammation, both metallothionein (MT) and zinc (Zn) might play vital roles in the development and progression of PD. More specifically, both MT and Zn are heavily involved in regulating immune functions, controlling bacterial infection, balancing inflammatory responses, and reducing oxidative stress, all of which are associated with the pathogenesis of PD. OBJECTIVE This review paper will explore the physiological functions of MT and Zn and hypothesise how dysregulation could negatively affect periodontal health, leading to PD. FINDINGS Bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) derived from periodontal pathogens, namely P. gingivalis initiates the acute phase response, thus upregulating the expression of MT which leads to the subsequent deficiency of Zn, a hallmark of periodontal disease. This deficiency leads to ineffective NETosis, increases the permeability of the gingival epithelium, and disrupts the humoral immune response, collectively contributing to PD. In addition, the presence of LPS in Zn deficient conditions favours M1 macrophage polarisation and maturation of dendritic cells, and also inhibits the anti-inflammatory activity of regulatory T cells. Collectively, these observations could theoretically give rise to the chronic inflammation seen in PD. CONCLUSION A disrupted MT and Zn homeostasis is expected to exert an adverse impact on periodontal health and contribute to the development and progression of PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jazli Aziz
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia; Dept. of Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
| | | | - Rathna Devi Vaithilingam
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Melchiorre D, Ceccherini MT, Romano E, Cometi L, El-Aoufy K, Bellando-Randone S, Roccotelli A, Bruni C, Moggi-Pignone A, Carboni D, Guiducci S, Lepri G, Tofani L, Pietramellara G, Matucci-Cerinic M. Oral Lactobacillus Species in Systemic Sclerosis. Microorganisms 2021; 9:1298. [PMID: 34203626 PMCID: PMC8232208 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9061298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In systemic sclerosis (SSc), the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) plays a central role in the patient's quality of life. The microbiome populates the GIT, where a relationship between the Lactobacillus and gastrointestinal motility has been suggested. In this study, the analysis of oral Lactobacillus species in SSc patients and healthy subjects using culture-independent molecular techniques, together with a review of the literature on microbiota and lactobacilli in SSc, has been carried out. Twenty-nine SSc female patients (mean age 62) and twenty-three female healthy subjects (HS, mean age 57.6) were enrolled and underwent tongue and gum swab sampling. Quantitative PCR was conducted in triplicate using Lactobacillus specific primers rpoB1, rpoB1o and rpoB2 for the RNA-polymerase β subunit gene. Our data show significantly (p = 0.0211) lower LactobacillusspprpoB sequences on the tongue of patients with SSc compared to HS. The mean value of the amount of Lactobacillus ssprpoB gene on the gumsofSSc patients was minor compared to HS. A significant difference between tongue and gums (p = 0.0421) was found in HS but not in SSc patients. In conclusion, our results show a lower presence of Lactobacillus in the oral cavity of SSc patients. This strengthens the hypothesis that Lactobacillus may have both a protective and therapeutic role in SSc patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Melchiorre
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Firenze, 50124 Firenze, Italy; (E.R.); (L.C.); (K.E.-A.); (S.B.-R.); (C.B.); (A.M.-P.); (D.C.); (S.G.); (G.L.); (L.T.); (M.M.-C.)
| | - Maria Teresa Ceccherini
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI)-University ofFirenze, 50144 Firenze, Italy; (M.T.C.); (A.R.); (G.P.)
| | - Eloisa Romano
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Firenze, 50124 Firenze, Italy; (E.R.); (L.C.); (K.E.-A.); (S.B.-R.); (C.B.); (A.M.-P.); (D.C.); (S.G.); (G.L.); (L.T.); (M.M.-C.)
| | - Laura Cometi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Firenze, 50124 Firenze, Italy; (E.R.); (L.C.); (K.E.-A.); (S.B.-R.); (C.B.); (A.M.-P.); (D.C.); (S.G.); (G.L.); (L.T.); (M.M.-C.)
| | - Khadija El-Aoufy
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Firenze, 50124 Firenze, Italy; (E.R.); (L.C.); (K.E.-A.); (S.B.-R.); (C.B.); (A.M.-P.); (D.C.); (S.G.); (G.L.); (L.T.); (M.M.-C.)
| | - Silvia Bellando-Randone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Firenze, 50124 Firenze, Italy; (E.R.); (L.C.); (K.E.-A.); (S.B.-R.); (C.B.); (A.M.-P.); (D.C.); (S.G.); (G.L.); (L.T.); (M.M.-C.)
| | - Angela Roccotelli
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI)-University ofFirenze, 50144 Firenze, Italy; (M.T.C.); (A.R.); (G.P.)
| | - Cosimo Bruni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Firenze, 50124 Firenze, Italy; (E.R.); (L.C.); (K.E.-A.); (S.B.-R.); (C.B.); (A.M.-P.); (D.C.); (S.G.); (G.L.); (L.T.); (M.M.-C.)
| | - Alberto Moggi-Pignone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Firenze, 50124 Firenze, Italy; (E.R.); (L.C.); (K.E.-A.); (S.B.-R.); (C.B.); (A.M.-P.); (D.C.); (S.G.); (G.L.); (L.T.); (M.M.-C.)
| | - Davide Carboni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Firenze, 50124 Firenze, Italy; (E.R.); (L.C.); (K.E.-A.); (S.B.-R.); (C.B.); (A.M.-P.); (D.C.); (S.G.); (G.L.); (L.T.); (M.M.-C.)
| | - Serena Guiducci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Firenze, 50124 Firenze, Italy; (E.R.); (L.C.); (K.E.-A.); (S.B.-R.); (C.B.); (A.M.-P.); (D.C.); (S.G.); (G.L.); (L.T.); (M.M.-C.)
| | - Gemma Lepri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Firenze, 50124 Firenze, Italy; (E.R.); (L.C.); (K.E.-A.); (S.B.-R.); (C.B.); (A.M.-P.); (D.C.); (S.G.); (G.L.); (L.T.); (M.M.-C.)
| | - Lorenzo Tofani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Firenze, 50124 Firenze, Italy; (E.R.); (L.C.); (K.E.-A.); (S.B.-R.); (C.B.); (A.M.-P.); (D.C.); (S.G.); (G.L.); (L.T.); (M.M.-C.)
| | - Giacomo Pietramellara
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI)-University ofFirenze, 50144 Firenze, Italy; (M.T.C.); (A.R.); (G.P.)
| | - Marco Matucci-Cerinic
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Department of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Firenze, 50124 Firenze, Italy; (E.R.); (L.C.); (K.E.-A.); (S.B.-R.); (C.B.); (A.M.-P.); (D.C.); (S.G.); (G.L.); (L.T.); (M.M.-C.)
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Keller EL, Alvey IA, Valdez JA. Customized device for individuals with limited range of motion to insert and remove dentures. SPECIAL CARE IN DENTISTRY 2021; 41:644-649. [PMID: 34018635 DOI: 10.1111/scd.12608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIM To develop a device to aid in insertion and removal of dentures in patients with limited range of motion. CASE REPORT A 62-year-old male with congenital musculoskeletal system anomaly, severe scoliosis, missing teeth, and poor dentition presented for comprehensive dental care. Patient had significant range of motion limitations resulting in an inability to reach his mouth. A device allowing for independent insertion, removal, and cleaning of dentures was made for patient. Dentures were fabricated and scanned using an intraoral scanner, traditional surgical guide for implant placement was adapted to accommodate neodynium magnets and wooden dowel, and guide was 3D printed. Stainless steel spheres were processed into denture to correspond to magnets in guide. Patient demonstrated ability to independently insert and remove both his maxillary complete denture and mandibular partial denture using device. CONCLUSION A successful device for insertion and removal of complete and partial dentures can be fabricated by adapting a surgical guide to incorporate magnets by processing stainless steel spheres into the dentures. This device could be helpful for any individuals demonstrating musculoskeletal system anomalies or range of motion deficits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily L Keller
- Mountain Area Health Education Center, Dental Health Center and Center for Advanced Training, Asheville, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ian A Alvey
- Mountain Area Health Education Center, Dental Health Center and Center for Advanced Training, Asheville, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jesus Amadeo Valdez
- Mountain Area Health Education Center, Dental Health Center and Center for Advanced Training, Asheville, North Carolina, USA
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Prieto D, González C, Weber L, Realini O, Pino-Lagos K, Bendek MJ, Retamal I, Beltrán V, Riedemann JP, Espinoza F, Chaparro A. Soluble neuropilin-1 in gingival crevicular fluid is associated with rheumatoid arthritis: An exploratory case-control study. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2021; 11:303-307. [PMID: 33747759 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2021.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To explore the soluble Neuropilin-1 (sNRP-1) concentrations in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and the periodontal clinical status of patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). Materials and methods We conducted an exploratory study with 40 study participants, 20 with RA, and 20 healthy controls. Clinical and periodontal data were recorded, and GCF samples were obtained. sNRP-1 levels in GCF were determined by ELISA assay. Descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney U test, Unpaired t-test, logistic regression model, and Area Under Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (AUC-ROC) were made to explore the diagnostic performance accuracy. Results RA patients had significantly higher levels of sNRP-1 in GCF (p = 0.0447). The median levels of GCF-sNRP-1 were 208.85 pg/μl (IQR 131.03) in the RA group compared to 81.46 pg/μl (IQR 163.73) in the control group. We observed an association between the GCF-sNRP-1 concentrations and the RA diagnosis (OR:1.009; CI 1.00-1.001; p = 0.047). The diagnosis of chronic periodontitis was also associated with RA (OR: 6.9; CI 1.52-31.37; p = 0.012). Moreover, the AUC-ROC of GCF-sNRP-1 concentrations combined with periodontal clinical parameters such as periodontal probing depth and periodontal inflamed surface area was 0.80. Conclusion This exploratory case-control study shows that RA patients had significantly higher levels of sNRP-1 in GCF. New longitudinal studies are necessary to evaluate the role of NRP-1 in periodontal tissues and consider it an oral biomarker with clinical value in RA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diego Prieto
- Department of Periodontology, Center for Biomedical and Innovation Research, Laboratory of Periodontal Research, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Camila González
- Department of Periodontology, Center for Biomedical and Innovation Research, Laboratory of Periodontal Research, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Laura Weber
- Department of Periodontology, Center for Biomedical and Innovation Research, Laboratory of Periodontal Research, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ornella Realini
- Department of Periodontology, Center for Biomedical and Innovation Research, Laboratory of Periodontal Research, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Karina Pino-Lagos
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Maria José Bendek
- Department of Periodontology, Center for Biomedical and Innovation Research, Laboratory of Periodontal Research, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ignacio Retamal
- Department of Periodontology, Center for Biomedical and Innovation Research, Laboratory of Periodontal Research, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Víctor Beltrán
- Centre of Investigation and Innovation in Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de la Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Juan Pablo Riedemann
- Rheumatology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de la Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Francisco Espinoza
- Department of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alejandra Chaparro
- Department of Periodontology, Center for Biomedical and Innovation Research, Laboratory of Periodontal Research, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Hashimoto H, Hashimoto S, Shimazaki Y. Association Between the Extent of Periodontal Inflammation and the Severity of Rheumatoid Arthritis in Japanese Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis. Int Dent J 2021; 71:429-437. [PMID: 33741141 PMCID: PMC9275163 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2020.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Periodontal inflammation can affect the progression of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and RA drugs may influence the periodontal condition of patients with RA. We examined whether the association between periodontal inflammation and the severity of RA is influenced by RA medication. Methods This cross-sectional study recruited 98 Japanese patients with RA from an orthopaedic clinic. We assessed the severity of RA using the Steinbrocker class and stage. The periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA) was used as an indicator of periodontal status. We obtained data on RA medications from medical records. We examined the associations among periodontal tissue inflammation, RA medications, and RA severity using multinomial logistic regression analyses. Results In univariate multinomial logistic regression analyses, no significant association between PISA score and RA severity was observed. There was no significant association between PISA score and RA severity in multivariate analyses not including variables about RA drugs as independent variables. However, in multivariate analyses adjusted for RA drugs and other confounding variables, patients with a PISA >550 mm2 had significantly higher odds ratios (ORs) for Steinbrocker class III-IV and stage III-IV (OR, 20.24; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.78-229.85 and OR, 12.42; 95% CI, 1.79-86.49, respectively) compared to patients with PISA score ≤550 mm2. Conclusion The extent of periodontal inflammation is associated with the severity of RA independent of RA medications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroko Hashimoto
- Department of Preventive Dentistry and Dental Public Health, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | - Yoshihiro Shimazaki
- Department of Preventive Dentistry and Dental Public Health, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Karapetsa D, Consensi A, Castagnoli G, Petrini M, Tonelli M, Gennai S, Bazzichi L, Graziani F. Periodontitis in Italian patients with established rheumatoid arthritis: A cross-sectional study. Oral Dis 2021; 28:1715-1722. [PMID: 33690996 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the prevalence and severity of periodontitis (P) among Italian patients affected by rheumatoid arthritis (RA). MATERIALS AND METHODS A full-mouth periodontal examination and a rheumatologic examination were performed. RA disease activity was scored using the DAS28. Serum analyses investigated levels of rheumatoid factor, anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPAs), C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and fibrinogen. Information concerning smoking, body mass index and RA medical therapy was collected. Data were analysed by Student's t test, chi-square test, binary logistic regression and Spearman's rank. RESULTS This cross-sectional study included 120 subjects, 77 had both diseases while 43 only had RA. The number of teeth present was statistically lower in the RA-P compared to the RA group (p < .05). There were statistically more subjects seropositive for ACPAs in the RA-P group (62.3% vs. 32.6%, p < .05). RA-P patients had an adjusted OR = 2.9 of presenting a moderate-severe DAS28 score (DAS28 ≥ 3.2). CONCLUSIONS Higher prevalence of severe P was noted among RA subjects. The clinical severity of RA was strongly correlated with the clinical periodontal parameters, and RA subjects also affected by P had an OR of 2.9 for presenting with a moderate-severe RA (DAS28 score ≥ 3.2).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dimitra Karapetsa
- Section of Dentistry, Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular and Critical Area Pathology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Arianna Consensi
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giulia Castagnoli
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular and Critical Area Pathology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Morena Petrini
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular and Critical Area Pathology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.,Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Science, University G. D'Annunzio of Chieti, Chieti, Italy
| | - Matteo Tonelli
- Section of Dentistry, Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular and Critical Area Pathology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Stefano Gennai
- Section of Dentistry, Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular and Critical Area Pathology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Laura Bazzichi
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Filippo Graziani
- Section of Dentistry, Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular and Critical Area Pathology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Beyer K, Lie SA, Bjørndal B, Berge RK, Svardal A, Brun JG, Bolstad AI. Lipid, fatty acid, carnitine- and choline derivative profiles in rheumatoid arthritis outpatients with different degrees of periodontal inflammation. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5332. [PMID: 33674638 PMCID: PMC7935865 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-84122-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and periodontitis are chronic inflammatory diseases with several pathogenic pathways in common. Evidence supports an association between the diseases, but the exact underlying mechanisms behind the connection are still under investigation. Lipid, fatty acid (FA) and metabolic profile alterations have been associated with several chronic inflammatory diseases, including RA and periodontitis. Mitochondria have a central role in regulating cellular bioenergetic and whole-body metabolic homeostasis, and mitochondrial dysfunction has been proposed as a possible link between the two disorders. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to explore whole-blood FA, serum lipid composition, and carnitine- and choline derivatives in 78 RA outpatients with different degrees of periodontal inflammation. The main findings were alterations in lipid, FA, and carnitine- and choline derivative profiles. More specifically, higher total FA and total cholesterol concentrations were found in active RA. Elevated phospholipid concentrations with concomitant lower choline, elevated medium-chain acylcarnitines (MC-AC), and decreased ratios of MC-AC and long-chain (LC)-AC were associated with prednisolone medication. This may indicate an altered mitochondrial function in relation to the increased inflammatory status in RA disease. Our findings may support the need for interdisciplinary collaboration within the field of medicine and dentistry in patient stratification to improve personalized treatment. Longitudinal studies should be conducted to further assess the potential impact of mitochondrial dysfunction on RA and periodontitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Beyer
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Årstadveien 19, 5009, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Stein Atle Lie
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Årstadveien 19, 5009, Bergen, Norway
| | - Bodil Bjørndal
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Sport, Food and Natural Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway
| | - Rolf K Berge
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Heart Disease, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Asbjørn Svardal
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Johan G Brun
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Rheumatology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Anne Isine Bolstad
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Årstadveien 19, 5009, Bergen, Norway.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Duseja A, Chahal GS, Jain A, Mehta M, Ranjan A, Grover V. Association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and inflammatory periodontal disease: A case‑control study. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2021; 25:47-54. [PMID: 33642741 PMCID: PMC7904021 DOI: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_45_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Recent evidence suggests an interconnection between chronic periodontal disease and systemic diseases. Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the possible association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and inflammatory periodontal disease among north Indian population. Settings and Design: Tertiary health care center, cross-sectional case-control observational study. Materials and Methods: A total of 40 cases, i.e., patients with NAFLD and 40 healthy volunteers were included over a period of 8 months and their periodontal status was compared. The status of their hepatic health was ascertained by anthropometric, imaging, and biochemical evaluation including ultrasound examination of abdomen and transient elastography. Statistical Data Analysis: Paired t-test, multivariate logistic regression analysis using IBM SPSS STATISTICS (version 22.0, Armonk, NY: IBM Corp). Results: The study revealed that only 11.9% and 20% of participants had periodontitis, in healthy controls and hepatic disease patients, respectively. A statistically significant difference was observed in clinical parameters of periodontal status, except for malocclusion. Comparative analysis of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, and cytokeratin-18 revealed differences in mean scores, though statistically nonsignificant. Only aspartate transaminase, number of missing teeth, and bleeding on probing (BOP) were observed with higher odds ratios for hepatic disease patients. Spearman correlation analysis revealed significant positive correlations between TNF-α and BOP, for cases. Conclusion: Patients with hepatic disease showed a higher prevalence of periodontal disease, worse oral hygiene and periodontal health status compared to healthy individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Duseja
- Department of Hepatology, PGIMER, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Gurparkash Singh Chahal
- Department of Periodontology, Dr. Harvansh Singh Judge Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ashish Jain
- Department of Periodontology, Dr. Harvansh Singh Judge Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Manu Mehta
- Department of Hepatology, PGIMER, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Aditya Ranjan
- Department of Periodontology, Dr. Harvansh Singh Judge Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Vishakha Grover
- Department of Periodontology, Dr. Harvansh Singh Judge Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Arvikar SL, Hasturk H, Strle K, Stephens D, Bolster MB, Collier DS, Kantarci A, Steere AC. Periodontal inflammation and distinct inflammatory profiles in saliva and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) compared with serum and joints in rheumatoid arthritis patients. J Periodontol 2021; 92:1379-1391. [PMID: 33611834 DOI: 10.1002/jper.20-0051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association of periodontitis and Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is incompletely understood. To gain further insights, we evaluated periodontal status, oral, serum and joint inflammatory profiles, and Pg biomarkers in RA patients. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, we evaluated 33 patients with predominantly untreated new-onset RA, 20 healthy individuals (HIs), and 20 non-RA chronic periodontitis patients. Thirteen mediators (IFN-γ, IL-10, IL-17A, IL-6, IL-8, CXCL10, TNF-α, CXCL13, IL-23, MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-8, MMP-9) were measured in serum, synovial fluid, saliva and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) by multiplex immunoassay. Serum Pg IgG antibodies and subgingival Pg DNA were determined. RESULTS Most RA patients (91%) received routine dental care; only one currently smoked. Ten (30.3%) had periodontal health, 13 (39.4%) had gingivitis, and 10 (30.3%) had periodontitis. Th1 and innate immune responses predominated in serum. Many mediators were concentrated in joints, particularly IL-6, IL-8, and CXCL10. However, salivary and GCF profiles were more restricted, emphasizing neutrophilic inflammation (IL-8, MMP-8) and MMP-9. Compared with HI, most RA patients, regardless of periodontal status, had significantly elevated oral fluid levels of these mediators, with suppression of GCF IL-10, a pattern similar to non-RA periodontitis patients. Pg antibodies or DNA however were primarily associated with clinical periodontitis. CONCLUSIONS Despite routine dental care, RA patients often had inflammation in oral fluids, but inflammatory profiles differed from serum and joints. Neutrophilic inflammatory profiles in oral fluids, regardless of periodontal status, suggests that gingival tissues are a common, and often unrecognized, site of extra-articular inflammation in RA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheila L Arvikar
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Hatice Hasturk
- Department of Applied Oral Sciences, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Klemen Strle
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Danielle Stephens
- Department of Applied Oral Sciences, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Marcy B Bolster
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Deborah S Collier
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Alpdogan Kantarci
- Department of Applied Oral Sciences, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Allen C Steere
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Han PSH, Saub R, Baharuddin NA, Sockalingam S, Bartold PM, Vaithilingam RD. Impact of periodontitis on quality of life among subjects with rheumatoid arthritis: a cross sectional study. BMC Oral Health 2020; 20:332. [PMID: 33225923 PMCID: PMC7682007 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-020-01275-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to assess the impact of periodontitis (PD) on the health related quality of life (HRQoL) and oral health related QoL (OHRQoL) of subjects with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and PD. Methods Subjects from dental and RA clinics were screened. Complete periodontal examinations were performed. Subjects were divided into 4 groups: RA-PD, RA, PD and healthy controls (HC). Questionnaires on characteristics and Malaysian versions of Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14(M)) and Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ-DI)) were answered. Results A total of 187 subjects were included (29 RA-PD, 58 RA, 43 PD and 57 HC). OHIP-14(M) severity score was highest in the PD group (17.23 ± 10.36) but only significantly higher than the HC group (p < 0.05). The HAQ-DI scores of the RA group was significantly higher than the PD and HC groups (p < 0.05). The interaction between the effects of PD and RA on the OHRQoL and HRQoL was statistically significant (p < 0.05).
Conclusion PD and RA subjects both suffer impacts on their OHRQoL and HRQoL respectively. The interaction effect of both diseases significantly conferred impacts on their OHRQoL and HRQoL as measured by the OHIP-14(M) and HAQ-DI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philip Sheng Hui Han
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Roslan Saub
- Department of Community Oral Health and Clinical Prevention, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nor Adinar Baharuddin
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sargunan Sockalingam
- Department of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Rathna Devi Vaithilingam
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Alhabashneh R, Alawneh K, Alshami R, Al Naji K. Rheumatoid arthritis and periodontitis: a Jordanian case-control study. J Public Health (Oxf) 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10389-019-01073-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
|
38
|
Rooney CM, Mankia K, Emery P. The Role of the Microbiome in Driving RA-Related Autoimmunity. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:538130. [PMID: 33134291 PMCID: PMC7550627 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.538130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Once referred to as “normal commensal flora” the human microbiome plays an integral role between health and disease. The host mucosal surface replete with a multitude of immune cells is a vast arena constantly sensing and responding to antigen presentation and microbial by-products. It is this key role that may allow the microbiome to prime or protect the host from autoimmune disease. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, disabling inflammatory condition characterized by a complex multifactorial etiology. The presence of certain genetic markers has been proven to increase susceptibility to RA however it does not guarantee disease development. Given low concordance rates demonstrated in monozygotic twin studies there is a clear implication for the involvement of external players in RA pathogenesis. Since the historical description of rheumatoid factor, numerous additional autoantibodies have been described in the sera of RA patients. The presence of anti-cyclic citrullinated protein antibody is now a standard test, and is associated with a more severe disease course. Interestingly these antibodies are detectable in patient’s sera long before the clinical signs of RA occur. The production of autoantibodies is driven by the lack of tolerance of the immune system, and how tolerance is broken is a crucial question for understanding RA development. Here we review current literature on the role of the microbiome in RA development including periodontal, gut and lung mucosa, with particular focus on proposed mechanisms of host microbiome interactions. We discuss the use of Mendelian randomization to assign causality to the microbiome and present considerations for future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristopher M Rooney
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Kulveer Mankia
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom.,Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Emery
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom.,Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Zhang X, Gu H, Xie S, Su Y. Periodontitis in patients with psoriasis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Oral Dis 2020; 28:33-43. [PMID: 32852860 PMCID: PMC9290533 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Objective The present study aimed to summarize and update the evidence regarding the association between periodontitis and psoriasis. Methods The present systematic review was conducted under the guidelines of Transparent Reporting of Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) and was recorded in the PROSPERO database, under registration number CRD42017063799. Three databases (MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library) were searched up to March 2020. Case–control or cohort studies assessing the association between periodontitis and psoriasis were identified. Quantitative synthesis was conducted with meta‐analysis. Results A total of 13 studies (11 case–control and two cohort studies) assessing the association between periodontitis and psoriasis were included. Of these 13 articles, 9 showed the prevalence of periodontitis or psoriasis. Therefore, meta‐analyses were conducted with data retrieved from the nine studies included. Pooled effect estimate for nine studies showed that patients with periodontitis associated with a higher risk of psoriasis with a pooled OR of 2.87 (95% CI, 1.75–4.69). Conclusions This systematic review demonstrated a positive association between periodontitis and psoriasis; however, a causal relationship cannot be established. Due to the weak evidence, caution should be taken when interpreting the results regarding periodontal parameters. Well‐designed prospective studies are necessary to evaluate interactions between both diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinze Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongqiu Gu
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shang Xie
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Yingying Su
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Kim HJ, Kim EH, Park AK, Shin Y, Kang J, Lim J, Bhak J, Lee JY, Kim BC, Joo JY. Detection of association between periodontitis and polymorphisms of IL-1β + 3954 and TNF-α -863 in the Korean population after controlling for confounding risk factors. J Periodontal Res 2020; 55:905-917. [PMID: 32618013 PMCID: PMC7689763 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objective Interleukin (IL)‐1 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α are inflammatory cytokines that play an important role in periodontitis, and their genetic variations have been suggested to be associated with increased risk of periodontitis. Focusing on three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of IL‐1α + 4845, IL‐1β + 3954, and TNF‐α −863, we aimed to investigate the relationship between periodontitis risk and the polymorphisms of IL‐1 α/β and TNF‐α in Koreans. Material and Methods Mouthwash samples from 548 subjects (135 controls without periodontitis, 387 generalized chronic periodontitis patients, and 26 generalized aggressive periodontitis patients) were collected for isolation of genomic DNA. Genotyping of selected SNPs was performed using real‐time PCR. Univariable associations between the polymorphisms and periodontitis were assessed by chi‐squared test or Fisher's exact test. To evaluate the association after controlling for confounding effects of various risk factors, we stratified the subjects according to the presence or absence of self‐reported diseases and employed multiple logistic regression model to adjust for age, smoking status, and oral hygiene indices and behaviors. Results Significant association of IL‐1β + 3954 and TNF‐α −863 polymorphisms with periodontitis was observed after adjusting for the confounding risk factors, but not in univariable association analysis. The significant association between genotype CT of IL‐1β + 3954 and increased risk of advanced periodontitis was consistently detected regardless of the status of self‐reported diseases. In the polymorphism of TNF‐α −863, the genotype with minor allele (CA + AA) was significantly associated with periodontitis susceptibility, which was observed only in the subjects with self‐reported diseases. Conclusion The results suggest that genetic variations of IL‐1β + 3954 and TNF‐α −863 are associated with increased risk of periodontitis in Koreans. In addition, our findings underscore the importance of controlling for confounding risk factors to detect significant association between genetic factors and risk of periodontitis. A further well‐designed large‐scale study is needed to warrant our results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Joo Kim
- Dental Research Institute, Pusan National University Dental Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea.,Department of Periodontology, Dental and Life Science Institute, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Ae Kyung Park
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | - Jong Bhak
- Korean Genomics Industrialization and Commercialization Center, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Republic of Korea.,Clinomics Inc, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Youn Lee
- Dental Research Institute, Pusan National University Dental Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea.,Department of Periodontology, Dental and Life Science Institute, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Ji-Young Joo
- Dental Research Institute, Pusan National University Dental Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea.,Department of Periodontology, Dental and Life Science Institute, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Disale PR, Zope SA, Suragimath G, Varma AS, Pisal A. Prevalence and severity of periodontitis in patients with established rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. J Family Med Prim Care 2020; 9:2919-2925. [PMID: 32984149 PMCID: PMC7491801 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_398_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Periodontitis is associated with many chronic health conditions including diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). RA and periodontitis have similarities in inflammatory mechanism, morphology, and histopathology. Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic, multifactorial degenerative disease characterized by the deterioration of cartilage in joints. Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and severity of periodontal disease in patients with established RA and OA. Materials and Methods A total of 200 patients reporting to the Department of Orthopaedics, KIMSDU, Karad were included in the study. Patients were divided into two groups: Group 1 that included 100 patients with established RA diagnosed according to American College of Rheumatology (ACR) classification 1987 criteria and Group 2 that comprised 100 patients diagnosed with OA. Demographic profile, medical and dental history, oral hygiene practices, and smoking status of study participants were recorded. Periodontal status of the patients were evaluated using the simplified oral hygiene index (OHI-S), Loe and Silness gingival index (GI), probing pocket depth (PPD), and clinical attachment level (CAL). On the basis of the CAL score periodontitis severity was defined as slight, moderate, and severe. Rheumatoid Factor (RF) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were considered as a serological marker in RA. Serological tests were performed to measure RF and CRP. Periodontal parameters and serological tests were correlated. Results This study reported 45% severe periodontitis prevalence in RA compared to OA group, which was 33%. Severity of periodontitis is significantly greater in RF positive RA group with mean CAL 5.38 mm compared to RF negative RA group with mean CAL 2.81 mm (P = 0.001). There was moderate positive correlation found between RF titer and severity of periodontitis (r = 0.311). Conclusion The severity of periodontitis was significantly higher among the patients with established RA as compared to patients with OA. RF positive patients had higher periodontal disease compared to RF negative patients. There was an increase in the mean clinical attachment loss with increase in RF titer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pooja R Disale
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Sciences, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences Deemed to be University, Karad, Satara, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sameer A Zope
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Sciences, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences Deemed to be University, Karad, Satara, Maharashtra, India
| | - Girish Suragimath
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Sciences, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences Deemed to be University, Karad, Satara, Maharashtra, India
| | - Alluri Siddhartha Varma
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Sciences, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences Deemed to be University, Karad, Satara, Maharashtra, India
| | - Apurva Pisal
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Sciences, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences Deemed to be University, Karad, Satara, Maharashtra, India
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Qiao Y, Wang Z, Li Y, Han Y, Zhou Y, Cao X. Rheumatoid arthritis risk in periodontitis patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Joint Bone Spine 2020; 87:556-564. [PMID: 32593704 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2020.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Many clinical studies have been carried out to investigate the relationship between periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Owing to limited evidence and inconsistent findings among these studies, it is unclear whether periodontitis would increase the risk for RA. This meta-analysis was performed to evaluate whether periodontitis represents a risk factor for RA. METHODS PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, and Wanfang were searched for eligible studies that compared periodontitis patients with controls. A pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated to assess the association between periodontitis and RA. RESULTS Thirteen studies including a total of 706611 periodontitis patients and 349983 control subjects were included. The pooled OR of RA risk between periodontitis and controls was (OR: 1.69; 95% CI: 1.31-2.17; P<0.0001), indicating that the patients in periodontitis group had a 69% greater risk for RA than people in control group. When stratified by disease type, the pooled results showed periodontitis represents a risk factor for incident RA (OR=1.70, 95%CI: 0.75-3.85, P<0.001) and mixed RA (OR=1.61, 95%CI: 1.26-2.06; P<0.001). When stratified by disease duration, the pooled results showed periodontitis represents a risk factor for RA disease duration>5 years (OR=2.88, 95%CI: 0.66-12.62, P=0.018), disease duration<5 years (OR=2.59, 95%CI: 0.83-8.11, P<0.001), mixed disease duration (OR=1.53; 95%CI: 1.05-2.22, P<0.001). CONCLUSION Our meta-analysis revealed an increased risk of RA in patients with periodontitis compared to healthy controls. Moreover, when stratified by disease type, there was a higher risk between incident RA and periodontitis. When stratified by disease duration, the patients with periodontitis might be more closely associated with the RA patients with disease duration >5 years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiqiang Qiao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, P. R. China
| | - Zao Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, P. R. China; Zhengzhou Stomotology Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450000, P. R. China
| | - Yafang Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, P. R. China; Zhengzhou Stomotology Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450000, P. R. China
| | - Yafei Han
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, P. R. China
| | - Yanheng Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, P. R. China
| | - Xuanping Cao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Temporomandibular joint function, periodontal health, and oral microbiome in early rheumatoid arthritis and at-risk individuals: a prospective cohort study protocol. BDJ Open 2020; 6:7. [PMID: 32467775 PMCID: PMC7237646 DOI: 10.1038/s41405-020-0034-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives/aims Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease affecting the joints, including the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). Early diagnosis and treatment can alleviate symptoms and prevent progression. Predictors for disease outcome in individuals at risk for RA are therefore valuable. While limited information is available on the prevalence of TMJ involvement in early RA, previous studies suggest that RA, periodontitis and the oral microbiome are interrelated. Predictive factors for RA development may thus be present in the oral cavity. Our two aims are: (1) to assess the prevalence of TMJ involvement in early RA, and (2) to investigate the predictive value of oral factors in RA development. Materials and methods We will include 150 individuals in this multi-center, prospective cohort study: 50 patients with early RA, 50 at-risk individuals, and 50 healthy controls. At baseline, the TMJ, periodontal health, and the oral microbiome will be examined. The general health will be followed over time, on four occasions up to 3 years. Discussion Our results will provide insight into the prevalence and clinical characterization of TMJ involvement in early RA. For at-risk individuals, oral factors can be studied as possible predictors for the development of RA.
Collapse
|
44
|
Bartold PM, Lopez‐Oliva I. Periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis: An update 2012‐2017. Periodontol 2000 2020; 83:189-212. [DOI: 10.1111/prd.12300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Mark Bartold
- Department of Dentistry University of Adelaide Adelaide South Australia Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Maldonado A, Pirracchio L, Imber JC, Bürgin W, Möller B, Sculean A, Eick S. Citrullination in periodontium is associated with Porphyromonas gingivalis. Arch Oral Biol 2020; 114:104695. [PMID: 32315811 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2020.104695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyse the citrulline level in the periodontium in association with the presence of or antibody levels against Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis. DESIGN Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), subgingival biofilm and blood serum were sampled from 98 subjects (26 with RA, 72 without RA (NoRA)). GCF was analyzed for the level of citrulline, for interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-17, IL-10 and monocyte-chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1. Microorganisms were identified in subgingival biofilms. Antibodies againstP. gingivalis, and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans were quantified in serum. RESULTS GCF citrulline level was the lowest (by trend) in NoRA group without periodontitis. In NoRA, but not in RA an association between GCF citrulline level and P. gingivalis antibody levels was found and the GCF citrulline levels were higher in P. gingivalis positive samples. Any association of A. actinomycetemcomitans with GCF citrulline level did not exist. A model of univariate variance analysis (p = 0.001) showed a dependence of GCF citrulline level from the number of sites with PD (probing depth) ≥5 mm (p = 0.003) and the GCF MCP-1/CCL2 level (p = 0.019). Compared with NoRA in RA the number of teeth was lower, the number of sites with PD ≥ 5 mm was less, GCF levels of interleukin-17 and MCP-1/CCL2 were higher and those of IL-10 lower. Yeasts were only cultured in 15 RA patients (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Citrullination in periodontium might be associated with P. gingivalis supporting the potential role as a trigger in the development of RA. Pathogenesis of periodontal disease in RA patients seems to differ from that in NoRA and should be investigated further.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Maldonado
- Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, School of Dental Medicine, Switzerland.
| | - Luca Pirracchio
- Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, School of Dental Medicine, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Claude Imber
- Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, School of Dental Medicine, Switzerland
| | - Walter Bürgin
- Ressort Research, University of Bern, School of Dental Medicine, Freiburgstrasse 7, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Burkhard Möller
- Clinic of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergology, University Hospital Bern, Freiburgstrasse 15, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anton Sculean
- Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, School of Dental Medicine, Switzerland
| | - Sigrun Eick
- Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, School of Dental Medicine, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Hussain SB, Botelho J, Machado V, Zehra SA, Mendes JJ, Ciurtin C, Orlandi M, D'Aiuto F. Is there a bidirectional association between rheumatoid arthritis and periodontitis? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2020; 50:414-422. [PMID: 32113837 DOI: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2020.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several lines of evidence suggest a bi-directional association between Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) and Periodontitis (PD). Our aim was to systematically appraise the evidence on the association between RA and PD in terms of clinical and laboratory outcomes. METHODS An electronic search of several databases (PubMed, EMBASE, MEDLINE, LILACS, CINHL, Scopus, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, OpenGrey and Google Scholar) was conducted up to March 2019 (PROSPERO CRD42018107817) by two independent reviewers. Observational studies included in the review were quality-appraised using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) tool. Random effects models were used for quantitative analyses. RESULTS A total of 8 case-control studies were identified after the final search of 1491 titles. Following quality assessment, 2 studies were excluded due to the high risk of bias, while the remaining 6 were further analysed. Meta-analyses revealed no substantial effect of RA on the Probing Pocket Depth (PPD) and Clinical Attachment Level (CAL) of patients with PD when compared to controls but high degree of study heterogeneity was found. To the contrary, PD was associated with substantially worse RA disease activity as assessed by an increase in the DAS28 score of 0.74 (0.25-1.24, 95%CI, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION There is consistent evidence suggesting that PD is associated with worse RA clinical activity as assessed by DAS28 scores whereas, RA patients do not have worsen PD clinical outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Syed Basit Hussain
- Periodontology Unit, UCL Eastman Dental Institute 256 Gray's Inn Road, London WC1X 8LD, UK.
| | - João Botelho
- Periodontology Department, Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Egas Moniz Interdisciplinary Research Centre, Egas Moniz, Almada, Portugal
| | - Vanessa Machado
- Periodontology Department, Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Egas Moniz Interdisciplinary Research Centre, Egas Moniz, Almada, Portugal
| | - Syeda Ambreen Zehra
- Department of Dental Physical Sciences, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, UK
| | - José João Mendes
- Periodontology Department, Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Egas Moniz Interdisciplinary Research Centre, Egas Moniz, Almada, Portugal
| | - Coziana Ciurtin
- Department of Rheumatology, University College London Hospital, London, UK
| | - Marco Orlandi
- Periodontology Unit, UCL Eastman Dental Institute 256 Gray's Inn Road, London WC1X 8LD, UK
| | - Francesco D'Aiuto
- Periodontology Unit, UCL Eastman Dental Institute 256 Gray's Inn Road, London WC1X 8LD, UK
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Gingimaps: Protein Localization in the Oral Pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 2020; 84:84/1/e00032-19. [PMID: 31896547 DOI: 10.1128/mmbr.00032-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Porphyromonas gingivalis is an oral pathogen involved in the widespread disease periodontitis. In recent years, however, this bacterium has been implicated in the etiology of another common disorder, the autoimmune disease rheumatoid arthritis. Periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis were known to correlate for decades, but only recently a possible molecular connection underlying this association has been unveiled. P. gingivalis possesses an enzyme that citrullinates certain host proteins and, potentially, elicits autoimmune antibodies against such citrullinated proteins. These autoantibodies are highly specific for rheumatoid arthritis and have been purported both as a symptom and a potential cause of the disease. The citrullinating enzyme and other major virulence factors of P. gingivalis, including some that were implicated in the etiology of rheumatoid arthritis, are targeted to the host tissue as secreted or outer-membrane-bound proteins. These targeting events play pivotal roles in the interactions between the pathogen and its human host. Accordingly, the overall protein sorting and secretion events in P. gingivalis are of prime relevance for understanding its full disease-causing potential and for developing preventive and therapeutic approaches. The aim of this review is therefore to offer a comprehensive overview of the subcellular and extracellular localization of all proteins in three reference strains and four clinical isolates of P. gingivalis, as well as the mechanisms employed to reach these destinations.
Collapse
|
48
|
Nosratzehi T, Nosratzehi S, Nosratzehi M, Ghaleb I. Oral Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis. Open Access Rheumatol 2019; 11:309-313. [PMID: 31849544 PMCID: PMC6911323 DOI: 10.2147/oarrr.s222607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The assessment of the quality of life (QOL) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients is of great importance for health researchers, health planners, and clinical specialists. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the oral health-related quality of life in patients with RA. Materials and Methods In this case-control study, data were collected by two standard questionnaires filled by 80 patients with rheumatoid arthritis and 80 healthy individuals. They were analyzed using independent t-test, chi-square test, Mann-Whitney test, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and Kruskal-Wallis test in SPSS 21. Results The mean of Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) score in RA patients and control groups was 1.17± 0.89 and 0.35±0.12, respectively, and the mean of General Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) score in patients and control groups was 37.46±9.53 and 53.21±11.35, respectively; 62.5% of the patients got HAQ score more than or equal to 1 (≥1) and 91.2% got GOHAI score less than or equal to 50 (≤50). Conclusion The results of the present study suggested that most of the patients with RA had a poor oral health quality of life. Deterioration of disease and aging decrease the GOHAI and the oral health quality of life of patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tahereh Nosratzehi
- Dental Research Center, Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Shahin Nosratzehi
- Department of Endocrinology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahin Nosratzehi
- Department of Rheumatology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Iman Ghaleb
- Dentist, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Falcao A, Bullón P. A review of the influence of periodontal treatment in systemic diseases. Periodontol 2000 2019; 79:117-128. [PMID: 30892764 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The effects and consequences of periodontal diseases might not be confined to the oral cavity. A great body of evidence has arisen supporting the claim demonstrating an association with several systemic conditions and diseases. With different levels of evidence, an association between periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease, diabetes, psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, pregnancy outcomes and respiratory diseases has been established. However, the true nature of this association, if it is causal, still remains elusive. For a better understanding of the complex relationships linking different conditions, interventional studies now begin to focus on the possible outcomes of periodontal treatment in relation to the events, symptoms and biomarkers of several systemic disorders, assessing if periodontal treatment has any impact on them, hopefully reducing their severity or prevalence. Therefore, we proceeded to review the recent literature on the subject, attempting to present a brief explanation of the systemic condition or disease, what proposed mechanisms might give biological plausibility to its association with periodontal disease, and finally and more importantly, what data are currently available pertaining to the effects periodontal treatment may have. Raising awareness and discussing the possible benefits of periodontal treatment on overall systemic health is important, in order to change the perception that periodontal diseases are only limited to the oral cavity, and ultimately providing better and comprehensive care to patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Artur Falcao
- Department of Periodontology, Dental School, University of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Pedro Bullón
- Department of Periodontology, Dental School, University of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Anusha D, Chaly PE, Junaid M, Nijesh JE, Shivashankar K, Sivasamy S. Efficacy of a mouthwash containing essential oils and curcumin as an adjunct to nonsurgical periodontal therapy among rheumatoid arthritis patients with chronic periodontitis: A randomized controlled trial. Indian J Dent Res 2019; 30:506-511. [PMID: 31745043 DOI: 10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_662_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of mouthwash containing essential oils and curcumin (MEC) as an adjunct to nonsurgical periodontal therapy on the disease activity of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) among RA patients with chronic periodontitis (CP). Materials and Methods A triple-blinded controlled trial was conducted among 45 female RA patients with CP randomized into three treatment groups as follows: Group A: scaling and root planing (SRP) with 0.2% chlorhexidine mouthwash as an adjunct (n = 15), Group B: SRP with MEC as an adjunct (n = 15), and Group C: SRP alone (n = 15). RA disease activity was assessed using erythrocyte sedimentation rate, serum C-reactive protein, serum anti-citrullinated protein antibody, and serum rheumatoid factor. Periodontal disease activity was assessed using plaque index, clinical attachment level (CAL), and pocket depth (PD). All parameters were recorded at baseline and 6 weeks thereafter. Data were assessed using one-way ANOVA and paired t-test. Results A significant reduction in periodontal and RA disease activity parameters was observed from baseline to 6 weeks following intervention (P < 0.05). The highest percentage of mean reduction in plaque index and RA parameters from baseline to 6 weeks was observed in Group B followed by Groups A and C. The highest percentage of mean reduction in PD and CAL was observed in Group A followed by Groups B and C (P < 0.001). Conclusion This study reveals that MEC as an adjunct to SRP is effective in reducing the disease activity of RA and CP, thereby warranting the use of the same.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Divvi Anusha
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Indira Gandhi Institute of Dental Sciences, Pondicherry, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Preetha Elizabeth Chaly
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mohammed Junaid
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - J E Nijesh
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - K Shivashankar
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Indira Gandhi Institute of Dental Sciences, Pondicherry, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shyam Sivasamy
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|