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Motoc GV, Juncar RI, Moca AE, Motoc O, Moca RT, Țig IA, Vaida LL, Juncar M. The Relationship between Dietary Habits and Periodontal Pathogens in a Sample of Romanian Children and Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1779. [PMID: 38002870 PMCID: PMC10670252 DOI: 10.3390/children10111779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
The role of diet in shaping oral microbiota and its potential contribution to the development of periodontal pathogens cannot be understated. This study aimed to explore the correlation between dietary habits and the prevalence of 11 periodontal pathogens among children and adolescents in Oradea, Romania. The identification of these pathogens was performed using the micro-IDent test kit, capable of detecting 11 specific periodontal pathogens. Bacterial sampling was conducted from the crevicular fluid in the morning, prior to brushing, followed by the completion of a brief questionnaire by parents. The questionnaire captured various aspects of the children's eating habits, including meal frequency, consumption of sweets, and hydration levels. The collected samples were dispatched to the laboratory for analysis, which provided insights into the abundance of microorganisms. The study encompassed 60 participants aged between 2 and 18 years, with the majority reported by their parents to have regulated meal timings, frequent sugar intake, and adequate hydration. The findings revealed significant associations between certain dietary factors and the presence of specific periodontal pathogens. Notably, the absence of breastfeeding was linked with the detection of Tannerella forsythia and Campylobacter rectus. Furthermore, frequent consumption of sweets corresponded with the presence of Capnocytophaga spp., which was particularly observed in individuals consuming sweets 2-3 times a day. Insufficient age-appropriate hydration showed an association with the prevalence of T. forsythia, Peptostreptococcus micros, and Capnocytophaga spp. In this sample, it became evident that eating habits and diet influenced the presence of several periodontal pathogens. The lack of breastfeeding was predominantly associated with positive results for T. forsythia and C. rectus, while inadequate hydration correlated more frequently with the presence of T. forsythia and P. micros. Moreover, frequent consumption of sweets was linked to the presence of Capnocytophaga spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgiana Veronica Motoc
- Doctoral School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 1 Universității Street, 410087 Oradea, Romania; (G.V.M.); (R.T.M.)
| | - Raluca Iulia Juncar
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 10 Piața 1 Decembrie Street, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (A.E.M.); (O.M.); (I.A.Ț.); (L.L.V.); (M.J.)
| | - Abel Emanuel Moca
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 10 Piața 1 Decembrie Street, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (A.E.M.); (O.M.); (I.A.Ț.); (L.L.V.); (M.J.)
| | - Ovidiu Motoc
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 10 Piața 1 Decembrie Street, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (A.E.M.); (O.M.); (I.A.Ț.); (L.L.V.); (M.J.)
| | - Rahela Tabita Moca
- Doctoral School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 1 Universității Street, 410087 Oradea, Romania; (G.V.M.); (R.T.M.)
| | - Ioan Andrei Țig
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 10 Piața 1 Decembrie Street, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (A.E.M.); (O.M.); (I.A.Ț.); (L.L.V.); (M.J.)
| | - Luminița Ligia Vaida
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 10 Piața 1 Decembrie Street, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (A.E.M.); (O.M.); (I.A.Ț.); (L.L.V.); (M.J.)
| | - Mihai Juncar
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 10 Piața 1 Decembrie Street, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (A.E.M.); (O.M.); (I.A.Ț.); (L.L.V.); (M.J.)
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2
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Lohinai ZM, Ruksakiet K, Földes A, Dinya E, Levine M. Genetic Control of GCF Exudation: Innate Immunity Genes and Periodontitis Susceptibility. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14249. [PMID: 37762554 PMCID: PMC10532312 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic periodontitis is a bacterial infection associated with dentally adherent biofilm (plaque) accumulation and age-related comorbidities. The disease begins as an inflammatory exudate from gingival margins, gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in response to biofilm lysine. After a week of experimental gingivitis (no oral hygiene), biofilm lysine concentration was linearly related to biofilm accumulation (plaque index) but to GCF as an arch-shaped double curve which separated 9 strong from 6 weak GCF responders (hosts). Host DNA was examined for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of alleles reported in 7 periodontitis-associated genes. Across all 15 hosts, an adenine SNP (A) at IL1B-511 (rs16944), was significant for strong GCF (Fisher's exact test, p < 0.05), and a thymidine SNP (T) at IL1B+3954 (rs1143634) for weak GCF provided 2 hosts possessing IL6-1363(T), rs2069827, were included. The phenotype of IL1B+3954(T) was converted from weak to strong in one host, and of the non-T allele from strong to weak in the other (specific epistasis, Fisher's exact test, p < 0.01). Together with homozygous alternate or reference SNPs at IL10-1082 or CD14-260 in 4 hosts, all hosts were identified as strong or weak GCF responders. The GCF response is therefore a strong or weak genetic trait that indicates strong or weak innate immunity in EG and controllable or uncontrollable periodontal disease, dental implant survival and late-life comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsolt M. Lohinai
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Semmelweis University, H-1088 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Kasidid Ruksakiet
- Department of Oral Biology, Semmelweis University, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary; (K.R.); (A.F.)
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Anna Földes
- Department of Oral Biology, Semmelweis University, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary; (K.R.); (A.F.)
| | - Elek Dinya
- Digital Health Department, Semmelweis University, H-1094 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Martin Levine
- Department of Periodontology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
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Jayasinghe TN, Harrass S, Erdrich S, King S, Eberhard J. Protein Intake and Oral Health in Older Adults-A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2022; 14:4478. [PMID: 36364741 PMCID: PMC9653899 DOI: 10.3390/nu14214478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral health is vital to general health and well-being for all ages, and as with other chronic conditions, oral health problems increase with age. There is a bi-directional link between nutrition and oral health, in that nutrition affects the health of oral tissues and saliva, and the health of the mouth may affect the foods consumed. Evidence suggests that a healthy diet generally has a positive impact on oral health in older adults. Although studies examining the direct link between oral health and protein intake in older adults are limited, some have explored the relationship via malnutrition, which is also prevalent among older adults. Protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) may be associated with poor oral health, dental caries, enamel hypoplasia, and salivary gland atrophy. This narrative review presents the theoretical evidence on the impact of dietary protein and amino acid composition on oral health, and their combined impact on overall health in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thilini N. Jayasinghe
- The Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Sanaa Harrass
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Sharon Erdrich
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Shalinie King
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Joerg Eberhard
- The Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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Benjumea A, Díaz-Navarro M, Hafian R, Cercenado E, Sánchez-Somolinos M, Vaquero J, Chana F, Muñoz P, Guembe M. Tranexamic Acid in Combination With Vancomycin or Gentamicin Has a Synergistic Effect Against Staphylococci. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:935646. [PMID: 35847081 PMCID: PMC9280180 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.935646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tranexamic acid (TXA) is an antifibrinolytic agent applied in orthopedic surgery and has been proven to reduce post-surgery infection rates. We previously showed that TXA also had an additional direct antimicrobial effect against planktonic bacteria. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate whether it has a synergistic effect if in combination with antibiotics. Materials and Methods Three ATCC and seven clinical strains of staphylococci were tested against serial dilutions of vancomycin and gentamicin alone and in combination with TXA at 10 and 50 mg/ml. The standardized microtiter plate method was used. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were calculated by standard visualization of well turbidity (the lowest concentration at which complete absence of well bacterial growth was observed by the researcher) and using the automated method (the lowest concentration at which ≥80% reduction in well bacterial growth was measured using a spectrophotometer). Results Tranexamic acid-10 mg/ml reduced the MIC of vancomycin and gentamicin with both the standard method (V: 1-fold dilution, G: 4-fold dilutions) and the automated turbidity method (vancomycin: 8-fold dilutions, gentamicin: 8-fold dilutions). TXA-50 mg/ml reduced the MIC of gentamicin with both the standard turbidity method (6-fold dilutions) and the automated turbidity method (1-fold dilutions). In contrast, for vancomycin, the MIC remained the same using the standard method, and only a 1-fold dilution was reduced using the automated method. Conclusion Ours was a proof-of-concept study in which we suggest that TXA may have a synergistic effect when combined with both vancomycin and gentamicin, especially at 10 mg/ml, which is the concentration generally used in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Benjumea
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Díaz-Navarro
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rama Hafian
- School of Biology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Emilia Cercenado
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
- CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias-CIBERES (CB06/06/0058), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mar Sánchez-Somolinos
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Vaquero
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
- School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Chana
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Muñoz
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
- CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias-CIBERES (CB06/06/0058), Madrid, Spain
- School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Guembe
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
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5
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Effect of Tranexamic Acid against Staphylococcus spp. and Cutibacterium acnes Associated with Peri-Implant Infection: Results from an In Vitro Study. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0161221. [PMID: 35171021 PMCID: PMC8849059 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01612-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tranexamic acid (TXA) is extensively used in orthopedic surgery and traumatology as an antifibrinolytic agent to control intra- and postoperative bleeding and, therefore, indirectly, to reduce postsurgery infection rates. The hypothesis of an additional antibiotic effect against microorganisms associated with periprosthetic joint infection needs to be further evaluated. We aimed to assess whether TXA could reduce bacterial growth using an in vitro model. ATCC and clinical strains of staphylococci and Cutibacterium acnes were tested against TXA in both planktonic and sessile forms. We recorded the percent reduction in the following variables: log CFU/mL by microbiological culture, percentage of live cells by confocal laser scanning microscopy, and, additionally in sessile cells, metabolic activity by the 2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide salt (XTT) assay. Variables were compared between groups using the Kruskal-Wallis test, and the results were reported as median (interquartile range [IQR]). Statistical significance was set at a P value of <0.05. Clinical significance was defined as a reduction of ≥25%. TXA at 50 mg/mL led to a slight reduction in CFU counts (4.5%). However, it was at 10 mg/mL that the reduction reached 27.2% and 33.0% for log CFU/mL counts and percentage of live cells, respectively. TXA was not efficacious for reducing preformed 24-h mature staphylococci and 48-h mature C. acnes biofilms, regardless of its concentration. TXA did not exert an antimicrobial effect against bacterial biofilms. However, when bacteria were in the planktonic form, it led to a clinically and statistically significant reduction in bacterial growth at 10 mg/mL. IMPORTANCE The possible use of TXA as an antibiotic agent in addition to its antifibrinolytic effect may play an important role in the prevention of prosthetic joint infection.
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Levine M, Lohinai ZM. Resolving the Contradictory Functions of Lysine Decarboxylase and Butyrate in Periodontal and Intestinal Diseases. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10112360. [PMID: 34072136 PMCID: PMC8198195 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10112360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontal disease is a common, bacterially mediated health problem worldwide. Mastication (chewing) repeatedly traumatizes the gingiva and periodontium, causing traces of inflammatory exudate, gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), to appear in crevices between the teeth and gingiva. Inadequate tooth cleaning causes a dentally adherent microbial biofilm composed of commensal salivary bacteria to appear around these crevices where many bacteria grow better on GCF than in saliva. We reported that lysine decarboxylase (Ldc) from Eikenella corrodens depletes the GCF of lysine by converting it to cadaverine and carbon dioxide. Lysine is an amino acid essential for the integrity and continuous renewal of dentally attached epithelium acting as a barrier to microbial products. Unless removed regularly by oral hygiene, bacterial products invade the lysine-deprived dental attachment where they stimulate inflammation that enhances GCF exudation. Cadaverine increases and supports the development of a butyrate-producing microbiome that utilizes the increased GCF substrates to slowly destroy the periodontium (dysbiosis). A long-standing paradox is that acid-induced Ldc and butyrate production support a commensal (probiotic) microbiome in the intestine. Here, we describe how the different physiologies of the respective tissues explain how the different Ldc and butyrate functions impact the progression and control of these two chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Levine
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Zsolt M. Lohinai
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Semmelweis University, H-1088 Budapest, Hungary;
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Levine M, Collins LM, Lohinai Z. Zinc chloride inhibits lysine decarboxylase production from Eikenella corrodens in vitro and its therapeutic implications. J Dent 2020; 104:103533. [PMID: 33189800 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2020.103533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Dentifrices containing zinc reduce gingival inflammation and bleeding better than control dentifrices (no zinc). How zinc might work is not understood. We have shown that lysine decarboxylase (LdcE), an enzyme from Eikenella corrodens, converts lysine to cadaverine in dental biofilms. The lack of lysine impairs the dentally attached cell barrier to biofilm, causing biofilm products to leak into junctional epithelium and stimulate inflammation. In year-old beagle dogs, immunization with LdcE, induces antibodies that inhibit LdcE activity and retard gingivitis development. We therefore examined whether a zinc-mediated loss of LdcE activity could explain the beneficial effect of zinc dentifrices. METHODS We grew E. corrodens in modified tryptic soy broth with or without zinc chloride, and extracted LdcE from the cell surface using a Potter Elvehjem homogenizer. RESULTS Up to 0.96 mM zinc chloride in the bacterial growth medium did not change cell yield, but reduced the extracted protein content by 41% (R2 = 0.27, p < 0.05) and LdcE activity/mg extracted protein by 85% (R2 = 0.90, p < 0.001). In extracts from cells grown without zinc, 78 times this zinc chloride concentration (73 mM) was required to reduce LdcE activity by 75%. CONCLUSIONS Zinc ions inhibit the production of protein with LdcE activity at E. corrodens cell surfaces. The zinc ions may attach to cysteine residues that are unique to the N-terminal region of LdcE by interfering with the non-covalent polypeptide assembly that produces enzyme activity. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Zinc ion-mediated inhibition of LdcE assembly may provide a rationale for the improved control of gingival inflammation by zinc dentifrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Levine
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, United States.
| | - Lindsay M Collins
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, United States
| | - Zsolt Lohinai
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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8
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Kandiah E, Carriel D, Garcia PS, Felix J, Banzhaf M, Kritikos G, Bacia-Verloop M, Brochier-Armanet C, Elsen S, Gutsche I. Structure, Function, and Evolution of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa Lysine Decarboxylase LdcA. Structure 2019; 27:1842-1854.e4. [PMID: 31653338 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2019.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The only enzyme responsible for cadaverine production in the major multidrug-resistant human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the lysine decarboxylase LdcA. This enzyme modulates the general polyamine homeostasis, promotes growth, and reduces bacterial persistence during carbenicillin treatment. Here we present a 3.7-Å resolution cryoelectron microscopy structure of LdcA. We introduce an original approach correlating phylogenetic signal with structural information and reveal possible recombination among LdcA and arginine decarboxylase subfamilies within structural domain boundaries. We show that LdcA is involved in full virulence in an insect pathogenesis model. Furthermore, unlike its enterobacterial counterparts, LdcA is regulated neither by the stringent response alarmone ppGpp nor by the AAA+ ATPase RavA. Instead, the P. aeruginosa ravA gene seems to play a defensive role. Altogether, our study identifies LdcA as an important player in P. aeruginosa physiology and virulence and as a potential drug target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eaazhisai Kandiah
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, CNRS, Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Diego Carriel
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, CNRS, Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), 38000 Grenoble, France; Biology of Cancer and Infection, U1036 INSERM, CEA, University of Grenoble Alpes, ERL5261 CNRS, Grenoble, France
| | - Pierre Simon Garcia
- Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5558, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Évolutive, 43 bd du 11 novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne, France; MMSB Molecular Microbiology and Structural Biochemistry, Institut de Biologie et de Chimie des Protéines 7 Passage du Vercors, 69367 Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Jan Felix
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, CNRS, Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Manuel Banzhaf
- Institute of Microbiology & Infection and School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT Birmingham, UK
| | - George Kritikos
- Institute of Microbiology & Infection and School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT Birmingham, UK
| | - Maria Bacia-Verloop
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, CNRS, Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Céline Brochier-Armanet
- Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5558, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Évolutive, 43 bd du 11 novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne, France; MMSB Molecular Microbiology and Structural Biochemistry, Institut de Biologie et de Chimie des Protéines 7 Passage du Vercors, 69367 Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Sylvie Elsen
- Biology of Cancer and Infection, U1036 INSERM, CEA, University of Grenoble Alpes, ERL5261 CNRS, Grenoble, France
| | - Irina Gutsche
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, CNRS, Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), 38000 Grenoble, France.
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9
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Carriel D, Simon Garcia P, Castelli F, Lamourette P, Fenaille F, Brochier-Armanet C, Elsen S, Gutsche I. A Novel Subfamily of Bacterial AAT-Fold Basic Amino Acid Decarboxylases and Functional Characterization of Its First Representative: Pseudomonas aeruginosa LdcA. Genome Biol Evol 2018; 10:3058-3075. [PMID: 30321344 PMCID: PMC6257575 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evy228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyamines are small amino-acid derived polycations capable of binding negatively charged macromolecules. Bacterial polyamines are structurally and functionally diverse, and are mainly produced biosynthetically by pyridoxal-5-phosphate-dependent amino acid decarboxylases referred to as Lysine-Arginine-Ornithine decarboxylases (LAOdcs). In a phylogenetically limited group of bacteria, LAOdcs are also induced in response to acid stress. Here, we performed an exhaustive phylogenetic analysis of the AAT-fold LAOdcs which showcased the ancient nature of their short forms in Cyanobacteria and Firmicutes, and emergence of distinct subfamilies of long LAOdcs in Proteobacteria. We identified a novel subfamily of lysine decarboxylases, LdcA, ancestral in Betaproteobacteria and Pseudomonadaceae. We analyzed the expression of LdcA from Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and uncovered its role, intimately linked to cadaverine (Cad) production, in promoting growth and reducing persistence of this multidrug resistant human pathogen during carbenicillin treatment. Finally, we documented a certain redundancy in the function of the three main polyamines—Cad, putrescine (Put), and spermidine (Spd)—in P. aeruginosa by demonstrating the link between their intracellular level, as well as the capacity of Put and Spd to complement the growth phenotype of the ldcA mutant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Carriel
- University of Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, CNRS, IBS, France.,University of Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CEA, ERL5261 CNRS, BIG BCI, France
| | - Pierre Simon Garcia
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Évolutive, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5558, Villeurbanne, France.,MMSB Molecular Microbiology and Structural Biochemistry, Institut de Biologie et de Chimie des Protéines, Lyon, France
| | - Florence Castelli
- Service de Pharmacologie et Immuno-Analyse (SPI), Laboratoire d'Etude du Métabolisme des Médicaments, CEA, INRA, Université Paris Saclay, France
| | - Patricia Lamourette
- Service de Pharmacologie et Immuno-Analyse (SPI), Laboratoire d'Etude du Métabolisme des Médicaments, CEA, INRA, Université Paris Saclay, France
| | - François Fenaille
- Service de Pharmacologie et Immuno-Analyse (SPI), Laboratoire d'Etude du Métabolisme des Médicaments, CEA, INRA, Université Paris Saclay, France
| | - Céline Brochier-Armanet
- Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Évolutive, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5558, Villeurbanne, France.,MMSB Molecular Microbiology and Structural Biochemistry, Institut de Biologie et de Chimie des Protéines, Lyon, France
| | - Sylvie Elsen
- University of Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CEA, ERL5261 CNRS, BIG BCI, France
| | - Irina Gutsche
- University of Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, CNRS, IBS, France
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10
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Orsel K, Plummer P, Shearer J, De Buck J, Carter SD, Guatteo R, Barkema HW. Missing pieces of the puzzle to effectively control digital dermatitis. Transbound Emerg Dis 2017; 65 Suppl 1:186-198. [PMID: 29124910 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.12729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Since the first report of bovine digital dermatitis (DD) in 1974, there is a large body of the literature published; however, effective prevention and control of the disease remain elusive. Although many aspects of the pathogenesis of DD have been investigated, even some of the most basic questions such as the aetiology of this disease remain under debate. Treponema spp. have been strongly associated with DD lesions and occur in abundance in advanced lesions; however, efforts to induce disease with pure cultures of these organisms have been largely underwhelming and inconsistent. Furthermore, although the disease has been presented for several decades, there is limited scientific evidence regarding effective treatment of DD. Apparent discrepancies between effectiveness in vitro and in vivo have challenged the scientific community to identify new potential treatment options. With no treatment resulting in a 100% cure rate, the current expectation is manageable control, but prospects for the eradication of the disease are unlikely using current approaches. In order to develop more effective approaches to control DD on-farm, there is a critical need for a deeper understanding regarding the causation, ecology, transmission and treatment of this disease. In this article, we attempt to provide insights into specific research needs related to DD in order to assist the industry, researchers, pharmaceutical companies and research sponsors with decision-making and identified research gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Orsel
- Department of Production Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - P Plummer
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, IA, USA.,Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventative Medicine, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, IA, USA
| | - J Shearer
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventative Medicine, Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ames, IA, USA
| | - J De Buck
- Department of Production Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - S D Carter
- Department of Infection Biology, Institute of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - R Guatteo
- BIOEPAR, INRA, Oniris, Nantes, France
| | - H W Barkema
- Department of Production Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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11
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Jamal SB, Hassan SS, Tiwari S, Viana MV, Benevides LDJ, Ullah A, Turjanski AG, Barh D, Ghosh P, Costa DA, Silva A, Röttger R, Baumbach J, Azevedo VAC. An integrative in-silico approach for therapeutic target identification in the human pathogen Corynebacterium diphtheriae. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0186401. [PMID: 29049350 PMCID: PMC5648181 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Corynebacterium diphtheriae (Cd) is a Gram-positive human pathogen responsible for diphtheria infection and once regarded for high mortalities worldwide. The fatality gradually decreased with improved living standards and further alleviated when many immunization programs were introduced. However, numerous drug-resistant strains emerged recently that consequently decreased the efficacy of current therapeutics and vaccines, thereby obliging the scientific community to start investigating new therapeutic targets in pathogenic microorganisms. In this study, our contributions include the prediction of modelome of 13 C. diphtheriae strains, using the MHOLline workflow. A set of 463 conserved proteins were identified by combining the results of pangenomics based core-genome and core-modelome analyses. Further, using subtractive proteomics and modelomics approaches for target identification, a set of 23 proteins was selected as essential for the bacteria. Considering human as a host, eight of these proteins (glpX, nusB, rpsH, hisE, smpB, bioB, DIP1084, and DIP0983) were considered as essential and non-host homologs, and have been subjected to virtual screening using four different compound libraries (extracted from the ZINC database, plant-derived natural compounds and Di-terpenoid Iso-steviol derivatives). The proposed ligand molecules showed favorable interactions, lowered energy values and high complementarity with the predicted targets. Our proposed approach expedites the selection of C. diphtheriae putative proteins for broad-spectrum development of novel drugs and vaccines, owing to the fact that some of these targets have already been identified and validated in other organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Babar Jamal
- PG program in Bioinformatics (LGCM), Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Syed Shah Hassan
- PG program in Bioinformatics (LGCM), Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
- Department of Chemistry, Islamia College University Peshawar, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Sandeep Tiwari
- PG program in Bioinformatics (LGCM), Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Marcus V. Viana
- PG program in Bioinformatics (LGCM), Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Leandro de Jesus Benevides
- PG program in Bioinformatics (LGCM), Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Asad Ullah
- Department of Chemistry, Islamia College University Peshawar, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Adrián G. Turjanski
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Pabellón II, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Debmalya Barh
- Centre for Genomics and Applied Gene Technology, Institute of Integrative Omics and Applied Biotechnology, Nonakuri, Purba Medinipur, West Bengal, India
| | - Preetam Ghosh
- Department of Computer Science, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States of America
| | - Daniela Arruda Costa
- PG program in Bioinformatics (LGCM), Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Artur Silva
- Institute of Biologic Sciences, Federal University of Para, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Richard Röttger
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Jan Baumbach
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Vasco A. C. Azevedo
- PG program in Bioinformatics (LGCM), Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
- Department of General Biology (LGCM), Institute of Biologic Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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12
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Levine M, Lohinai Z, Teles RP. Low Biofilm Lysine Content in Refractory Chronic Periodontitis. J Periodontol 2016; 88:181-189. [PMID: 27620654 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2016.160302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic periodontitis is controlled without antibiotics by scaling and root planing (SRP) to remove dental biofilm. It has been previously reported that the epithelial barrier to bacterial proinflammatory products is impaired when biofilm lysine falls below the minimal content of normal blood plasma. Aims were to examine whether being refractory and requiring antibiotics to supplement SRP were associated with low biofilm lysine contents. METHODS Sixteen patients with periodontitis and six periodontally healthy volunteers (HVs) (respective mean ages: 57 ± 6 and 36 ± 8 years) were examined. Patients with periodontitis received SRP and surgery, and HVs received prophylaxis. At quarterly maintenance or prophylaxis visits during the subsequent year, therapeutic response was good (GR, n = 9) or poor (PR, n = 7; including five cigarette smokers). Biofilm cadaverine, lysine, and other amino acid (AA) contents were determined by liquid chromatography. Cadaverine mole fraction of lysine plus cadaverine (CF) indicated biofilm lysine decarboxylase activity. RESULTS Biofilm lysine was 0.19 ± 0.10 and 0.20 ± 0.09 μmol/mg in GRs and HVs, but 0.07 ± 0.03 μmol/mg in PRs (Kruskal-Wallis: P <0.01). All AAs were depleted in biofilm from smokers, but only lysine was depleted in biofilm from non-smokers. CF was inversely associated with clinical attachment level (CAL) at baseline before therapy in all patients (R2 = 0.28, P <0.01) and with CAL change after therapy in GR (R2 = 0.49, P <0.05). Lysine and cadaverine contents discriminated PRs from GRs and HVs (Wilks' λ = 0.499, P <0.012). CONCLUSIONS Refractory responses requiring antibiotic therapy result from smoking and/or microbial infections that starve the biofilm and epithelial attachment of lysine. Biofilm CF is associated with periodontitis severity pretherapy and extent of therapeutic response post-therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Levine
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Zsolt Lohinai
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ricardo P Teles
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
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13
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Structural insights into the Escherichia coli lysine decarboxylases and molecular determinants of interaction with the AAA+ ATPase RavA. Sci Rep 2016; 6:24601. [PMID: 27080013 PMCID: PMC4832331 DOI: 10.1038/srep24601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The inducible lysine decarboxylase LdcI is an important enterobacterial acid stress
response enzyme whereas LdcC is its close paralogue thought to play mainly a
metabolic role. A unique macromolecular cage formed by two decamers of the
Escherichia coli LdcI and five hexamers of the AAA+ ATPase RavA was shown
to counteract acid stress under starvation. Previously, we proposed a pseudoatomic
model of the LdcI-RavA cage based on its cryo-electron microscopy map and crystal
structures of an inactive LdcI decamer and a RavA monomer. We now present
cryo-electron microscopy 3D reconstructions of the E. coli LdcI and LdcC, and
an improved map of the LdcI bound to the LARA domain of RavA, at pH optimal for
their enzymatic activity. Comparison with each other and with available structures
uncovers differences between LdcI and LdcC explaining why only the acid stress
response enzyme is capable of binding RavA. We identify interdomain movements
associated with the pH-dependent enzyme activation and with the RavA binding.
Multiple sequence alignment coupled to a phylogenetic analysis reveals that certain
enterobacteria exert evolutionary pressure on the lysine decarboxylase towards the
cage-like assembly with RavA, implying that this complex may have an important
function under particular stress conditions.
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