1
|
Rasakanya TL, Osuch E. Effects of metformin on arterial elasticity and pro-inflammatory markers in black diabetes patients. Health SA 2024; 29:2419. [PMID: 38962295 PMCID: PMC11220136 DOI: 10.4102/hsag.v29i0.2419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Pro-inflammatory markers are linked with the development and progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus and arterial stiffening. Pulse Wave Velocity (PWV) and Augmentation Index (Aix) are non-invasive standard markers of arterial elasticity and predictors of cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. Aim To investigate the effects of metformin alone and in combination with glimepiride on arterial elasticity, pro-inflammatory cytokines in black type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Settings Participants were enrolled from Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University community, Gauteng, South Africa. Methods PWV and Aix were measured using the AtCor SphygmoCor® system (AtCor Medical, Inc., Sydney, Australia). Cytokines levels were measured using Multiplexing with Bio-Plex Pro™ human inflammation panel I assay. Treatment naïve type 2 diabetes participants were divided into two groups: metformin (M) (n = 10) and metformin glimepiride (MS) (n = 14). The study participants were followed up at 4 and 8 months after treatment initiation. Results In the M and MS, IL-1β increased significantly at four months (58.19 ± 0.03 pg/ml, 58.35 ± 0.30 pg/ml) when compared to baseline (33.05 ± 18.56 pg/ml, 34.79 ± 18.77 pg/ml) then decreased significantly at eight months (29.25 ± 11.64 pg/ml, 32.54 ± 14.26 pg/ml) when compared to four months (58.19 ± 0.03 pg/ml, 58.35 ± 0.3 pg/ml) (p < 0.05). There were no significant changes in PWV, Aix, IL-1ra, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α and hs-CRP levels at both treatment intervals. Conclusion Metformin alone or in combination with glimepiride did not improve arterial elasticity and did not reduce pro-inflammatory cytokines levels in T2DM black South African patients. Contribution The context-based knowledge generated by the current study is expected to enhance the continuum of care for T2DM patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tsakani L Rasakanya
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, Sefako Makgatho Health Science University, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Elzbieta Osuch
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, Sefako Makgatho Health Science University, Pretoria, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sun Y, Yin Y, Yang S, Ai D, Qin H, Xia X, Xu X, Song J. Lipotoxicity: The missing link between diabetes and periodontitis? J Periodontal Res 2024; 59:431-445. [PMID: 38419425 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Lipotoxicity refers to the accumulation of lipids in tissues other than adipose tissue (body fat). It is one of the major pathophysiological mechanisms responsible for the progression of diabetes complications such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and diabetic nephropathy. Accumulating evidence indicates that lipotoxicity also contributes significantly to the toxic effects of diabetes on periodontitis. Therefore, we reviewed the current in vivo, in vitro, and clinical evidence of the detrimental effects of lipotoxicity on periodontitis, focusing on its molecular mechanisms, especially oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress, inflammation, ceramides, adipokines, and programmed cell death pathways. By elucidating potential therapeutic strategies targeting lipotoxicity and describing their associated mechanisms and clinical outcomes, including metformin, statins, liraglutide, adiponectin, and omega-3 PUFA, this review seeks to provide a more comprehensive and effective treatment framework against diabetes-associated periodontitis. Furthermore, the challenges and future research directions are proposed, aiming to contribute to a more profound understanding of the impact of lipotoxicity on periodontitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Sun
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Yin
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Sihan Yang
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Dongqing Ai
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Han Qin
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuyun Xia
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaohui Xu
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinlin Song
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mizutani K, Minami I, Mikami R, Kido D, Takeda K, Nakagawa K, Takemura S, Saito N, Kominato H, Sakaniwa E, Konuma K, Izumi Y, Ogawa Y, Iwata T. Improvement of periodontal parameters following intensive diabetes care and supragingival dental prophylaxis in patients with type 2 diabetes: A prospective cohort study. J Clin Periodontol 2024; 51:733-741. [PMID: 38449337 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to investigate the effects of diabetes care on periodontal inflammation. MATERIALS AND METHODS This prospective cohort study included 51 Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes who underwent intensive diabetes care including educational hospitalization and regular outpatient treatment for 6 months. Dental prophylaxis without subgingival scaling was provided three times during the observational period. Associations between changes in periodontal parameters and glycaemic control levels were evaluated using multiple regression analysis. RESULTS Overall, 33 participants (mean age: 58.7 ± 12.9) were followed up for 6 months. At baseline examination, 82% were diagnosed with Stage III or IV periodontitis. Haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level changed from 9.6 ± 1.8% at baseline to 7.4 ± 1.3% at 6 months. The ratio of probing pocket depth (PPD) ≥4 mm, bleeding on probing (BOP), full-mouth plaque control record (PCR), periodontal epithelial surface area (PESA) and periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA) also significantly improved. The reduction in PPD and PESA was significantly associated with changes in both HbA1c and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels, and the reduction in PISA was significantly associated with an improvement in FPG after adjusting for smoking, change in body mass index and full-mouth PCR. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to report a significant improvement in PPD and BOP after intensive diabetes care and dental prophylaxis without subgingival scaling. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER UMIN000040218.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Koji Mizutani
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Isao Minami
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Endocrinology, Yokohama City Minato Red Cross Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Risako Mikami
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kido
- Department of General Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kohei Takeda
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keita Nakagawa
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shu Takemura
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Natsumi Saito
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiromi Kominato
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eri Sakaniwa
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kuniha Konuma
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuichi Izumi
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
- Oral Care Periodontics Center, Southern Tohoku General Hospital, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Ogawa
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takanori Iwata
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sun J, Feng S, Ding T, Wang T, Du L, Kang W, Ge S. Fusobacterium nucleatum dysregulates inflammatory cytokines and NLRP3 inflammasomes in oral cells. Oral Dis 2024. [PMID: 38409736 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to clarify the difference in Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) induced inflammatory cytokines and nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes dysregulation among three periodontal cells. METHODS Oral epithelial cells (HIOECs), THP-1 macrophages, and human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) were exposed to F. nucleatum with/without adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and nigericin (Nig). Cell morphology was assessed by scanning electron microscopy. qRT-PCR, protein microarrays, and bioinformatic methods were used to evaluate the cytokines and their complex interplay. NLRP3 inflammasomes activation was detected by western blotting and ELISA. RESULTS F. nucleatum adhered to and invaded cells. In HIOECs, F. nucleatum enhanced interleukin (IL)-1α/1β/6/10/13, TNF-α, and interferon (IFN)-γ expression. In THP-1 macrophages, F. nucleatum up-regulated IL-1α/1β/6/10 and TNF-α levels. In HGFs, F. nucleatum increased IL-6 levels. F. nucleatum and ATP synergistically boosted IFN-γ level in THP-1 macrophages and IL-13 level in HGFs. IL-1α/1β/6, and TNF-α served as epicenters of the inflammatory response. Additionally, F. nucleatum activated NLRP3 inflammasomes in HIOECs, and ATP/Nig boosted the activation. F. nucleatum also triggered NLRP3 inflammasomes in THP-1 macrophages, but in HGFs, only NLRP3 and caspase-1 levels were elevated. CONCLUSION F. nucleatum infiltrated periodontal supporting cells and dysregulated inflammatory cytokines and NLRP3 inflammasomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingzhuo Sun
- Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Research Center of Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Susu Feng
- Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Research Center of Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Tian Ding
- Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Research Center of Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of General Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Research Center of Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Lingqian Du
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Wenyan Kang
- Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Research Center of Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shaohua Ge
- Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Research Center of Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kim TH, Heo SY, Chandika P, Kim YM, Kim HW, Kang HW, Je JY, Qian ZJ, Kim N, Jung WK. A literature review of bioactive substances for the treatment of periodontitis: In vitro, in vivo and clinical studies. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24216. [PMID: 38293511 PMCID: PMC10826675 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a common chronic inflammatory disease of the supporting tissues of the tooth that involves a complex interaction of microorganisms and various cell lines around the infected site. To prevent and treat this disease, several options are available, such as scaling, root planning, antibiotic treatment, and dental surgeries, depending on the stage of the disease. However, these treatments can have various side effects, including additional inflammatory responses, chronic wounds, and the need for secondary surgery. Consequently, numerous studies have focused on developing new therapeutic agents for more effective periodontitis treatment. This review explores the latest trends in bioactive substances with therapeutic effects for periodontitis using various search engines. Therefore, this study aimed to suggest effective directions for therapeutic approaches. Additionally, we provide a summary of the current applications and underlying mechanisms of bioactive substances, which can serve as a reference for the development of periodontitis treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Hee Kim
- Research Center for Marine Integrated Bionics Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
- Marine Integrated Biomedical Technology Center, The National Key Research Institutes in Universities, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Yeong Heo
- Jeju Marine Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology (KIOST), Jeju, 63349, Republic of Korea
| | - Pathum Chandika
- Research Center for Marine Integrated Bionics Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
- Marine Integrated Biomedical Technology Center, The National Key Research Institutes in Universities, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Mog Kim
- Research Center for Marine Integrated Bionics Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
- Marine Integrated Biomedical Technology Center, The National Key Research Institutes in Universities, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Woo Kim
- Research Center for Marine Integrated Bionics Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
- Marine Integrated Biomedical Technology Center, The National Key Research Institutes in Universities, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
- Department of Marine Biology, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Wook Kang
- Research Center for Marine Integrated Bionics Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
- Marine Integrated Biomedical Technology Center, The National Key Research Institutes in Universities, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
- Major of Biomedical Engineering, Division of Smart Healthcare, College of Information Technology and Convergence and New-senior Healthcare Innovation Center (BK21 Plus), Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Young Je
- Research Center for Marine Integrated Bionics Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
- Major of Human Bioconvergence, School of Smart Healthcare, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Zhong-Ji Qian
- College of Food Science and Technology, School of Chemistry and Environment, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, 518108, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhanjiang, 524025, China
| | - Namwon Kim
- Ingram School of Engineering, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, 78666, USA
- Materials Science, Engineering, and Commercialization (MSEC), Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, 78666, USA
| | - Won-Kyo Jung
- Research Center for Marine Integrated Bionics Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
- Marine Integrated Biomedical Technology Center, The National Key Research Institutes in Universities, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
- Major of Biomedical Engineering, Division of Smart Healthcare, College of Information Technology and Convergence and New-senior Healthcare Innovation Center (BK21 Plus), Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kim SJ, Lee SH, Quang BD, Tran TT, Kim YG, Ko J, Choi WY, Lee SY, Ryu JH. Avenanthramide-C Shows Potential to Alleviate Gingival Inflammation and Alveolar Bone Loss in Experimental Periodontitis. Mol Cells 2023; 46:627-636. [PMID: 37641936 PMCID: PMC10590710 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2023.0109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory disease that leads to the gradual destruction of the supporting structures of the teeth including gums, periodontal ligaments, alveolar bone, and root cementum. Recently, interests in alleviating symptoms of periodontitis (PD) using natural compounds is increasing. Avenanthramide-C (Avn-C) is a polyphenol found only in oats. It is known to exhibit various biological properties. To date, the effect of Avn-C on PD pathogenesis has not been confirmed. Therefore, this study aimed to verify the protective effects of Avn-C on periodontal inflammation and subsequent alveolar bone erosion in vitro and in vivo. Upregulated expression of catabolic factors, such as matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP1), MMP3, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and COX2 induced by lipopolysaccharide and proinflammatory cytokines, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), was dramatically decreased by Avn-C treatment in human gingival fibroblasts and periodontal ligament cells. Moreover, alveolar bone erosion in the ligature-induced PD mouse model was ameliorated by intra-gingival injection of Avn-C. Molecular mechanism studies revealed that the inhibitory effects of Avn-C on the upregulation of catabolic factors were mediated via ERK (extracellular signal-regulated kinase) and NF-κB pathway that was activated by IL-1β or p38 MAPK and JNK signaling that was activated by TNF-α, respectively. Based on this study, we recommend that Avn-C may be a new natural compound that can be applied to PD treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Su-Jin Kim
- Department of Pharmacology and Dental Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
- Hard-tissue Biointerface Research Center, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Se Hui Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Dental Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Binh Do Quang
- Department of Pharmacology and Dental Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Thanh-Tam Tran
- Department of Pharmacology and Dental Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Young-Gwon Kim
- Department of Pharmacology and Dental Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
- Hard-tissue Biointerface Research Center, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Jun Ko
- Department of Pharmacology and Dental Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
- Hard-tissue Biointerface Research Center, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Weon-Young Choi
- Department of Pharmacology and Dental Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Sun Young Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Dental Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Je-Hwang Ryu
- Department of Pharmacology and Dental Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
- Hard-tissue Biointerface Research Center, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Agger AE, Reseland JE, Hjelkrem E, Lian AM, Hals EKB, Zandi H, Sunde PT. Are comorbidities associated with the cytokine/chemokine profile of persistent apical periodontitis? Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:5203-5215. [PMID: 37434075 PMCID: PMC10492720 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05139-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to identify disease-related markers in persistent apical periodontitis (PAP) biopsies and examine whether these were associated with comorbidities like rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). MATERIALS AND METHOD The levels of the cytokines/chemokines GM-CSF, IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-6, IL-9, IL-10, IL-13, IL-15, IL-17E/IL-25, IL-21, IL-23, IL-27, IL-28A/IFN -λ2, IL-33, MIP-3α/CCL20, and TNF-α were determined in lesions from patients with PAP (n = 20) and compared to healthy bone samples (n = 20). RESULTS We identified eleven cytokines to be differently expressed, and among them, IL-2, IL-6, IL-17E, IL-21, and IL-27 appeared to drive the discrepancy between the disease and healthy groups. The levels of T follicular helper (Tfh) cell promoting cytokines (IL-21, IL-6, IL-27) were enhanced while T helper (Th) 1 cell promoting cytokine (IL-2), Th2 cell promoting cytokine (IL-13), and Th17 cell promoting cytokine (IL-17E) were reduced in the PAP group. The data also indicate that Tfh cell differentiation (IL-21), along with Th1 (GM-CSF, IFNγ), Th2 (IL-13), and Th17 (GM-CSF) cell differentiation, might be increased in the subpopulation of patients suffering from RA, whereas no differences were found in patients with CVD. CONCLUSIONS Levels of cytokines/chemokines in PAP were identified, and cluster analyzes indicated that these markers may be associated with the differentiation of different T cell populations. Patients with PAP and RA comorbidities showed elevated levels of markers reinforcing this association. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Molecular analyses of PAP may result in identification of prognostic markers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Eriksson Agger
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Janne Elin Reseland
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Erik Hjelkrem
- Department of Endodontics, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Aina-Mari Lian
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Else K Breivik Hals
- TAKO-Centre, National Resource Centre for Oral Health in Rare Medical Conditions, Lovisenberg Diakonale Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Homan Zandi
- Department of Endodontics, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Pia Titterud Sunde
- Department of Endodontics, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
- Department of Endodontics, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, Postboks 1109 Blindern, N-0317, Oslo, Norway.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lee HJ, Lee SJ, Lee SK, Choi BK, Lee DR, Park JH, Oh JS. Magnolia kobus Extract Suppresses Porphyromonas gingivalis LPS-Induced Proinflammatory Cytokine and MMP Expression in HGF-1 Cells and Regulates Osteoclastogenesis in RANKL-Stimulated RAW264.7 Cells. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:4875-4890. [PMID: 37367059 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45060310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinical prevention is of utmost importance for the management of periodontal diseases. Periodontal disease starts with an inflammatory response in the gingival tissue, and results in alveolar bone destruction and subsequent tooth loss. This study aimed to confirm the anti-periodontitis effects of MKE. To confirm this, we studied its mechanism of action using qPCR and WB in LPS-treated HGF-1 cells and RANKL-induced osteoclasts. We found that MKE suppressed proinflammatory cytokine protein expression by inhibiting the TLR4/NF-κB pathway in LPS-PG-induced HGF-1 cells and blocking ECM degradation by regulating the expression of TIMPs and MMPs. We also confirmed that TRAP activity and multinucleated cell formation were reduced in RANKL-stimulated osteoclasts after exposure to MKE. These results were confirmed by inhibiting TRAF6/MAPK expression, which led to the suppression of NFATc1, CTSK, TRAP, and MMP expression at the gene and protein levels. Our results confirmed that MKE is a promising candidate for the management of periodontal disease based on its anti-inflammatory effects and inhibition of ECM degradation and osteoclastogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hae Jin Lee
- NUON Co., Ltd., Jungwon-gu, Seongnam-si 13201, Republic of Korea
| | - So Jung Lee
- NUON Co., Ltd., Jungwon-gu, Seongnam-si 13201, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Kwon Lee
- NUON Co., Ltd., Jungwon-gu, Seongnam-si 13201, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong Keun Choi
- NUON Co., Ltd., Jungwon-gu, Seongnam-si 13201, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Ryung Lee
- NUON Co., Ltd., Jungwon-gu, Seongnam-si 13201, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Hyoung Park
- College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Joa Sub Oh
- College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Alshibani N, AlKattan R, Allam E, Alshehri FA, Shalabi MM, Almuhanna N, Almarshad H, Aljamili A. Effects of metformin on human gingival fibroblasts: an in vitro study. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:292. [PMID: 37189090 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-02978-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of metformin (MF) treatment on the matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and proinflammatory cytokines production from lipopolysaccharide (LPS) - stimulated human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs). METHODS HGFs were obtained from subcultures of biopsies from clinically healthy gingival tissues of patients undergoing oral surgeries. Cell cytotoxicity assay was used to determine the effect of different concentrations of MF on viability of HGFs. HGFs were then incubated and treated with different concentrations of MF and Porphyromonas gingivais (Pg) LPS. MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-8, MMP-9, IL-1β, and IL-8 expression analysis was performed using xMAP technology (Luminex 200, Luminex, Austin, TX, USA). Student's t-test for a single sample was used to compare the mean values of the study groups with the control value. A p-value of <0.05 and 95% confidence intervals were used to report the statistical significance and precision of mean values. RESULTS Concentrations of 0.5, 1- and 2-mM MF had a minimal non-significant cytotoxic effect on the HGFs and caused statistically significant reduction of MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-8 and IL-8 expressed by the LPS-stimulated HGFs. CONCLUSION The results of the present study confirm that MF suppresses MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-8 and IL-8 in LPS-stimulated HGFs suggesting an anti-inflammatory effect of MF and potential adjunct therapeutic role in the treatment of periodontal diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nouf Alshibani
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Reem AlKattan
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman Allam
- Oral and Dental Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Fahad A Alshehri
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manal Matouq Shalabi
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nada Almuhanna
- Saudi Board of Periodontics, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Houriah Almarshad
- Saudi Board of Endodontics, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Patel V, Sadiq MS, Najeeb S, Khurshid Z, Zafar MS, Heboyan A. Effects of metformin on the bioactivity and osseointegration of dental implants: A systematic review. J Taibah Univ Med Sci 2022; 18:196-206. [PMID: 36398019 PMCID: PMC9643507 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2022.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental implants are prosthetic devices that are surgically placed in direct contact with the jawbone to support intra-oral functions and esthetics. Diabetes mellitus may contribute to peri-implant bone loss. During the last few years, there have been attempts to reduce this bone loss and improve the survival rate of implants. Metformin, an anti-diabetic drug known for its osteogenic properties, is thought to prevent peri-implant bone loss in diabetic patients. Although several studies have been conducted to study metformin's effect on diabetic and non-diabetic study models, no systematic review has analyzed and summarized these studies critically. Therefore, the objectives of this systematic review were to summarize the outcomes of these studies and critically appraise them. Seven studies were included in this systematic review. Four studies used only animal models, two used both animal and cell culture models, and one used only cell culture studies. The general characteristics and outcomes of the included studies were summarized, and Animal Research: Reporting of In Vivo Experiments (ARRIVE) guidelines were used to assess the quality of the animal studies. In vitro studies indicate that metformin may induce stem cells to undergo osteoblastic differentiation to produce a higher amount of bone and may also improve osseointegration. Nevertheless, several studies had potential sources of bias. Therefore, it is recommended that emphasis be placed on increasing the quality of future animal studies and human trials to determine the effects of metformin on the osseointegration of dental implants. Future studies are needed with adequate follow-up to evaluate the efficacy of metformin in improving the osseointegration of dental implants.
Collapse
|
11
|
Tao LY, Łagosz-Ćwik KB, Hogervorst JMA, Schoenmaker T, Grabiec AM, Forouzanfar T, van der Weijden FA, de Vries TJ. Diabetes Medication Metformin Inhibits Osteoclast Formation and Activity in In Vitro Models for Periodontitis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:777450. [PMID: 35096812 PMCID: PMC8793072 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.777450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes and periodontitis are comorbidities and may share common pathways. Several reports indicate that diabetes medication metformin may be beneficial for the periodontal status of periodontitis patients. Further research using appropriate cell systems of the periodontium, the tissue that surrounds teeth may reveal the possible mechanism. Periodontal ligament fibroblasts anchor teeth in bone and play a role in the onset of both alveolar bone formation and degradation, the latter by inducing osteoclast formation from adherent precursor cells. Therefore, a cell model including this type of cells is ideal to study the influence of metformin on both processes. We hypothesize that metformin will enhance bone formation, as described for osteoblasts, whereas the effects of metformin on osteoclast formation is yet undetermined. Periodontal ligament fibroblasts were cultured in the presence of osteogenic medium and 0.2 or 1 mM metformin. The influence of metformin on osteoclast formation was first studied in PDLF cultures supplemented with peripheral blood leukocytes, containing osteoclast precursors. Finally, the effect of metformin on osteoclast precursors was studied in cultures of CD14+ monocytes that were stimulated with M-CSF and receptor activator of Nf-κB ligand (RANKL). No effects of metformin were observed on osteogenesis: not on alkaline phosphatase activity, Alizarin red deposition, nor on the expression of osteogenic markers RUNX-2, Collagen I and Osteonectin. Metformin inhibited osteoclast formation and accordingly downregulated the genes involved in osteoclastogenesis: RANKL, macrophage colony stimulating factor (M-CSF) and osteoclast fusion gene DC-STAMP. Osteoclast formation on both plastic and bone as well as bone resorption was inhibited by metformin in M-CSF and RANKL stimulated monocyte cultures, probably by reduction of RANK expression. The present study unraveling the positive effect of metformin in periodontitis patients at the cellular level, indicates that metformin inhibits osteoclast formation and activity, both when orchestrated by periodontal ligament fibroblasts and in cytokine driven osteoclast formation assays. The results indicate that metformin could have a systemic beneficiary effect on bone by inhibiting osteoclast formation and activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucy Y Tao
- Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and Vrije University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Amsterdam University College, University of Amsterdam and Vrije University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Katarzyna B Łagosz-Ćwik
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Jolanda M A Hogervorst
- Department of Oral Cell Biology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and Vrije University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ton Schoenmaker
- Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and Vrije University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Aleksander M Grabiec
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Tim Forouzanfar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Pathology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Fridus A van der Weijden
- Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and Vrije University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Teun J de Vries
- Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and Vrije University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Tseng CH. Metformin and risk of gingival/periodontal diseases in diabetes patients: A retrospective cohort study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1036885. [PMID: 36277720 PMCID: PMC9583654 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1036885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To compare the risk of gingival and periodontal diseases (GPD) between ever users and never users of metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. METHODS The Taiwan's National Health Insurance database was used to enroll 423,949 patients with new onset diabetes mellitus from 1999 to 2005. After excluding ineligible patients, 60,309 ever users and 5578 never users were followed up for the incidence of GPD from January 1, 2006 until December 31, 2011. Propensity score-weighted hazard ratios were estimated by Cox regression. RESULTS GPD was newly diagnosed in 18,528 ever users (incidence: 7746.51 per 100,000 person-years) and 2283 never users (incidence: 12158.59 per 100,000 person-years). The hazard ratio that compared ever users to never users was 0.627 (95% confidence interval: 0.600-0.655). When metformin use was categorized by tertiles of cumulative duration and cumulative dose, the risk significantly reduced in a dose-response pattern when the cumulative duration reached approximately 2 years or the cumulative dose reached 670 grams. Analyses on the tertiles of defined daily dose of metformin showed that the reduction of GPD risk could be seen in all three subgroups but the benefit would be greater when the daily dose increased. CONCLUSION Long-term use of metformin is associated with a significantly reduced risk of GPD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Hsiao Tseng
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Metformin and sodium dichloroacetate effects on proliferation, apoptosis, and metabolic activity tested alone and in combination in a canine prostate and a bladder cancer cell line. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0257403. [PMID: 34570803 PMCID: PMC8476037 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
An important approach in tumor therapy is combining substances with different action mechanisms aiming to enhance the antineoplastic effect, decrease the therapeutic dosage, and avoid resistance mechanisms. Moreover, evaluating compounds already approved for the treatment of non-neoplastic diseases is promising for new antineoplastic therapies. Sodium dichloroacetate (DCA) reactivates oxidative phosphorylation in the cancer cell mitochondria, reducing apoptosis resistance in cancer cells. Furthermore, metformin inhibits the proliferation of tumor cells and CD133+ cancer -stem-like cells. In the present study, we evaluated the independent and synergistic effect of metformin and DCA on the metabolic activity, cell proliferation, and apoptosis of a canine prostate adenocarcinoma (Adcarc1258) and a transitional cell carcinoma cell line (TCC1506) in comparison to a primary canine fibroblast culture. Determining metformin uptake in tumor cells was performed by quantitative HPLC. Depending on the dosage, metformin as a single agent inhibited the metabolic activity and cell proliferation of the tumor cells, showing only minor effects on the fibroblasts. Furthermore, 1 mM metformin increased apoptosis over 96 h in the tumor cell lines but not in fibroblasts. Additionally, metformin uptake into the tumor cells in vitro was measurable by quantitative HPLC. Synergistic effects for the combination therapy were observed in both neoplastic cell lines as well as in the fibroblasts. Based on these results, metformin might be a promising therapeutic agent for canine urogenital tumors. Further studies on kinetics, toxicology, bioavailability, and application of metformin in dogs are necessary.
Collapse
|
14
|
Swami RK, Kolte AP, Kolte RA. Clinico-radiographic comparative evaluation of 1% metformin gel plus platelet-rich fibrin over platelet-rich fibrin alone in treatment of Grade II furcation defects: A randomized controlled double-blind clinical trial. J Periodontol 2021; 93:644-655. [PMID: 34533832 DOI: 10.1002/jper.21-0233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study was aimed to evaluate and compare the effects of 1% MF plus PRF over PRF alone in treatment of Grade II furcation defects, clinically and radiographically by using cone-beam computed tomography. METHODS This split-mouth clinical trial randomly allotted 21 patients with 42 bilateral Grade II furcation defects into two groups. Group I was treated with PRF alone while Group II with 1% MF gel and PRF. The primary outcome parameters were clinical attachment level (CAL) and horizontal probing depth (HPD) while the secondary outcome parameters were probing depth (PD) and defect volume (DV). The clinical parameters were evaluated at 3, 6, and 12 months and the radiographic parameters at 12 months. RESULTS Both the study groups yielded improvements in assessed parameters; however, significantly greater mean reduction of PD, HPD, and CAL gain was observed in Group II (3.90 ± 0.78 mm, 2.94 ± 0.80 mm, and 3.42 ± 0.93 mm) in comparison with Group I (3.23 ± 0.90 mm, 1.96 ± 0.80 mm, and 2.67 ± 0.88 mm) at 12 months, respectively. A significant reduction of DV was exhibited radiographically in Group II (12.61 ± 4.01 mm3 ) as compared with Group I (9.14 ± 4.31 mm3 ) at the end of 12 months. CONCLUSIONS Better clinical and radiographic findings in terms of reduction in PD, HPD, CAL gain, and significant reduction in DV in Group II patients indicated that the combination therapy of 1% MF + PRF promotes regenerative ability within the periodontal tissues in Grade II furcation defects to a greater extent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renuka K Swami
- Department of Periodontics & Implantology, VSPM Dental College and Research Centre, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Abhay P Kolte
- Department of Periodontics & Implantology, VSPM Dental College and Research Centre, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rajashri A Kolte
- Department of Periodontics & Implantology, VSPM Dental College and Research Centre, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Effect of micro-osteoperforations on the gene expression profile of the periodontal ligament of orthodontically moved human teeth. Clin Oral Investig 2021; 26:1985-1996. [PMID: 34499218 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-021-04178-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate the effect of micro-osteoperforations (MOPs) on the gene expression profile of the periodontal ligament (PDL) of orthodontically moved teeth. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifteen participants were randomly assigned into two groups: tooth movement only (Tr1, n = 7) and tooth movement supplemented with MOPs (Tr2, n = 8). In each subject, orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) was performed on premolar in one side, while no force was applied on contralateral premolar (Unt, n = 15). Seven days after loading, premolars were extracted for orthodontic reasons. RNA extraction from PDL and subsequent RNA-sequencing were performed. False discovery rates (Padj < 0.05) and log2 fold change (+ / - 1.5) thresholds were used to identify sets of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) among the groups. DEGs were analyzed with gene ontology enrichment, KEGG, and network analysis. RESULTS Three hundred thirty-one DEGs were found between Tr1 and Unt, and 356 between Tr2 and Unt. Although, there were no significantly DEGs between Tr2 and Tr1, DEGs identified exclusively in Tr1 vs. Unt were different from those identified exclusively in Tr2 vs. Unt. In Tr1, genes were related to bone metabolism processes, such as osteoclast and osteoblast differentiation. In Tr2, genes were associated to inflammation processes, like inflammatory and immune responses, and cellular response to tumor necrosis factor. CONCLUSIONS MOPs do not significantly alter the PDL gene expression profile of orthodontically moved human teeth. This study provides for the first time evidence on the whole PDL gene expression profiles associated to OTM in humans. Novel biomarkers for OTM are suggested for additional research. Clinical relevance The identified biomarkers provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms that would occur when OTM is supplemented with MOPs. These markers are expected to be useful in the near future for the application of personalized strategies related to the OTM.
Collapse
|
16
|
Kominato H, Takeda K, Mizutani K, Mikami R, Kido D, Buranasin P, Saito N, Takemura S, Nakagawa K, Nagasawa T, Iwata T. Metformin accelerates wound healing by Akt phosphorylation of gingival fibroblasts in insulin-resistant prediabetes mice. J Periodontol 2021; 93:256-268. [PMID: 34427916 DOI: 10.1002/jper.21-0362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the effects of metformin on gingival wound healing in insulin-resistant prediabetes. METHODS C57BL/6J mice were fed normal diet (ND) or high-fat diet (HFD) for 10 weeks; half of the HFD mice were treated with metformin (HFD+ Met) for the last 2 weeks. Insulin and glucose tolerance tests were performed. The palatal gingiva (2.0 × 0.5 mm) was surgically removed adjacent to the maxillary molars. Post-surgical wound closure was histomorphometrically evaluated for 1 week. The mRNA expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in the tissue were quantified by real-time polymerase chain reaction. In vitro, the proliferation and migration of human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) cultured under high-glucose or control conditions with/without metformin were analyzed. Akt phosphorylation and VEGF expression following the insulin stimulation were evaluated with/without metformin in high-glucose or control media. RESULTS HFD mice showed significantly higher plasma glucose levels and insulin resistance than ND mice. Gingival wound healing was delayed in HFD group compared with ND group but significantly improved in HFD + MET group. The decreased expression of VEGF and eNOS in HFD group was significantly elevated in the HFD + MET group. The proliferation and migration of HGFs were significantly impaired in high-glucose conditions compared with control; metformin treatment partially attenuated these effects. Metformin treatment significantly recovered the downregulated Akt phosphorylation and VEGF expression in high-glucose conditions. CONCLUSIONS Metformin improved delayed gingival wound healing in insulin-resistant prediabetes by accelerating HGFs proliferation and migration via Akt phosphorylation in insulin signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiromi Kominato
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kohei Takeda
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koji Mizutani
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Risako Mikami
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kido
- Oral Diagnosis and General Dentistry, Dental Hospital, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Prima Buranasin
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Natsumi Saito
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shu Takemura
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keita Nakagawa
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Nagasawa
- Division of Advanced Clinical Education, Department of Integrated Dental Education, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-gun, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Takanori Iwata
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Effect of Aging on Homeostasis in the Soft Tissue of the Periodontium: A Narrative Review. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11010058. [PMID: 33477537 PMCID: PMC7831085 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11010058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is characterized by a progressive decline or loss of physiological functions, leading to increased susceptibility to disease or death. Several aging hallmarks, including genomic instability, cellular senescence, and mitochondrial dysfunction, have been suggested, which often lead to the numerous aging disorders. The periodontium, a complex structure surrounding and supporting the teeth, is composed of the gingiva, periodontal ligament, cementum, and alveolar bone. Supportive and protective roles of the periodontium are very critical to sustain life, but the periodontium undergoes morphological and physiological changes with age. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of molecular and cellular physiological changes in the periodontium, by focusing on soft tissues including gingiva and periodontal ligament.
Collapse
|
18
|
Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide and glycated serum albumin increase the production of several pro-inflammatory molecules in human gingival fibroblasts via NFκB. Arch Oral Biol 2020; 116:104766. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2020.104766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
19
|
Zhang Y, Zhang H, Zhuang D, Bi L, Hu Z, Cao W. Hematoporphyrin monomethyl ether mediated sonodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy on porphyromonas gingivalis in vitro. Microb Pathog 2020; 144:104192. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
20
|
Tan Y, Chen J, Jiang Y, Chen X, Li J, Chen B, Gao J. The anti-periodontitis action of metformin via targeting NLRP3 inflammasome. Arch Oral Biol 2020; 114:104692. [PMID: 32305805 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2020.104692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Periodontitis is one of the most prevalent chronic inflammatory diseases causing tooth loss in patients. However, effective ways to treat periodontitis are still limited. Metformin has been suggested to have anti-inflammatory effects in the context of periodontitis, but the exact mechanisms remain largely unknown. METHODS Human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) was stimulated with P. gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to simulate the in vivo conditions that existed in periodontitis. Inflammatory responses were monitored by measuring the protein expression and secretion of the inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18. High-quality total RNA isolated from P. gingivalis LPS-treated cells along with or without metformin treatment were used for RNA sequencing and corresponding bioinformatics analysis. RESULTS Metformin treatment significantly suppressed the inflammatory responses induced by P. gingivalis LPS in hPDLCs characterized by reduced production and secretion of IL-1β and IL-18. Metformin treatment also significantly reduced expression of nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich-containing family, pyrin domain-containing-3 (NLRP3) and caspase-1 in hPDLCs. RNA-seq analysis showed that metformin treatment altered the expression of more than 300 genes, which belongs to 14 signaling pathways including the NF-κB pathway and TNF-α pathway. CONCLUSIONS Our study provided novel insights into the anti-inflammatory effects of metformin against NLRP3 inflammasome activity, which could potentially be used for the prevention and treatment of P. gingivalis-related periodontal diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongmei Tan
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510140, China
| | - Jinsu Chen
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510140, China
| | - Yingtong Jiang
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510140, China
| | - Xie Chen
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510140, China
| | - Jingmei Li
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510140, China
| | - Bining Chen
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510140, China
| | - Jie Gao
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510140, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Mudalal M, Sun X, Li X, Zhou Y. The evaluation of leukocyte-platelet rich fibrin as an anti-inflammatory autologous biological additive. A novel in vitro study. Saudi Med J 2020; 40:657-668. [PMID: 31287125 PMCID: PMC6757208 DOI: 10.15537/smj.2019.7.24302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the use of leukocyte-platelet rich fibrin on suppressing the porphyromonas gingivalis (PG-LPS)-induced secretion of proinflammatory cytokines. Methods:This quantitative experimental study was conducted at the School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China, between September 2017 and January 2019. A modified technique was used to obtain human gingival fibroblast cells (HGFCs). 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and Cell Counting Kit-8 tests were established to determine the proliferation rate. Human gingival fibroblast cells were treated by PG-LPS at different periods and the isolated mRNA was subjected to reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The release of platelet-derived growth factor and transforming-growth factor-β1 at various time intervals was observed. Results: We successfully established a modified technique for the production of HGFCs culture. One µg/mL PG-LPS was the recommended concentration to inhibit fibroblast proliferation. The expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines messenger ribnucleic acid was notably raised at 3 and 6 hours post-PG-LPS treatment. The cumulative release of growth factors peaked during the first 24 hours and the production continued for 10 days. However, the fibroblast expression of cytokines was significantly suppressed after treatment with leucocyte- and platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF). Conclusion: This study provided a novel way of obtaining HGFCs and greater understanding of the clinical impacts through the assessment of the anti-inflammatory properties of L-PRF in vitro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Mudalal
- Department of Dental Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China. E-mail.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Cheng R, Wu Z, Li M, Shao M, Hu T. Interleukin-1β is a potential therapeutic target for periodontitis: a narrative review. Int J Oral Sci 2020; 12:2. [PMID: 31900383 PMCID: PMC6949296 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-019-0068-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin(IL)-1β, a pro-inflammatory cytokine, was elevated and participates in periodontitis. Not only the link between IL-1β and periodontitis was proved by clinical evidence, but also the increased IL-1β triggers a series of inflammatory reactions and promotes bone resorption. Currently, IL-1β blockage has been therapeutic strategies for autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes, gout and type II diabetes mellitus. It is speculated that IL-1β be a potential therapeutic target for periodontitis. The review focuses on the production, mechanism, present treatments and future potential strategies for IL-1β in periodontitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ran Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiwu Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Meiying Shao
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
LC-MS/MS method for simultaneous determination of rivaroxaban and metformin in rat plasma: application to pharmacokinetic interaction study. Bioanalysis 2019; 11:2269-2281. [PMID: 31845601 DOI: 10.4155/bio-2019-0230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: A reliable, sensitive and simple LC-MS/MS method has been established and validated for the quantitation of rivaroxaban (RIV) and metformin (MET) in rat plasma. Results: The procedure of method validation was conducted according to the guiding principles of EMA and US FDA. At the same time, the method was applied to pharmacokinetic interactions study between RIV and MET for the first time. When RIV and MET coadministered to rats, pharmacokinetic parameters of MET like AUC(0-t), AUC(0-∞) and Cmax had statistically significant increased. tmax of RIV was prolonged without affecting t1/2 obviously and Cmax was inhibited significantly (p < 0.05) by comparison to the single group. Conclusion: The results indicated that drug-drug interactions occurred when the coadministration of RIV and MET.
Collapse
|
24
|
Between Innovation and Standardization, Is There Still a Room for Scientific Reports? The Rise of a Formatting Tradition in Periodontal Research. PUBLICATIONS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/publications7040067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Everybody, regardless of their role, is aware that biomedical research is rapidly evolving, and the demand for reproducibility is increasing together with the amount of novel information. “Before reproducibility must come pre-producibility” “Checklists work to improve science”, just to quote some of the articles querying how to find a new bridge between ethics in science and the urgency for publishing. Looking for papers on anti-inflammatory compounds in periodontics, we came across a significant number of articles that could be considered a prototype of a consistent study format. The literature on the testing of active compounds on lipopolysaccharides- (LPS)-induced inflammation in gingival fibroblasts was searched to identify studies that followed a consistent format, to better understand their similarities and assess the appropriateness of their methods. Several studies were identified with a degree of similarity in their methods and formatting that was so high that it was possible to rule out that it was due to chance, and a format template common to these studies was outlined. Although this was most likely beyond the intentions of their authors, these studies may pose the basis for an in-vitro testing standard for anti-inflammatory compounds; however, the dangers of acritical uniformity are also apparent.
Collapse
|
25
|
Jia L, Xiong Y, Zhang W, Ma X, Xu X. Metformin promotes osteogenic differentiation and protects against oxidative stress-induced damage in periodontal ligament stem cells via activation of the Akt/Nrf2 signaling pathway. Exp Cell Res 2019; 386:111717. [PMID: 31715142 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.111717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Periodontal ligament stem cell (PDLSC)-based tissue engineering is an important method for regenerating lost bone in periodontitis. Maintaining or enhancing the osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs, as well as enhancing the resistance of PDLSCs to oxidative stress, is necessary in this process. As a common hypoglycemic drug, metformin has been reported to have multiple effects on cell functions. This study found that low concentrations of metformin did not affect cell proliferation but did inhibit adipogenic differentiation and promote osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs. This positive effect was associated with activation of Akt signaling by metformin. Moreover, applying metformin as either a pretreatment or co-treatment could reduce the amount of reactive oxygen species, enhance antioxidant capacity, and rescue the cell viability and osteogenic differentiation that were negatively affected by H2O2-induced oxidative stress in PDLSCs. In addition, metformin was found to activate the Nrf2 signaling pathway in PDLSCs, and knockdown of Nrf2 by siRNA impaired the protective effect of metformin. Taken together, these results indicate that metformin not only promotes osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs, but also protects PDLSCs against oxidative stress-induced damage, suggesting that metformin could be potentially useful in promoting PDLSC-based bone regeneration in the treatment of periodontitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linglu Jia
- School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Yixuan Xiong
- School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoni Ma
- School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China.
| | - Xin Xu
- School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Jinan, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Liang H, Ding X, Li L, Wang T, Kan Q, Wang L, Sun T. Association of preadmission metformin use and mortality in patients with sepsis and diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. CRITICAL CARE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE CRITICAL CARE FORUM 2019; 23:50. [PMID: 30777119 PMCID: PMC6379943 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-019-2346-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background Recent studies have reported that preadmission metformin users had lower mortality than non-metformin users in patients with sepsis and diabetes mellitus; however, these results are still controversial. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of published observational cohort data to determine the association between preadmission metformin use and mortality in septic adult patients with diabetes mellitus. Methods The MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane CENTRAL databases were searched from their inception to September 30, 2018. Cohort studies that evaluated the use of metformin in septic adult patients with diabetes mellitus were included. The quality of outcomes was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). The inverse variance method with random effects modelling was used to calculate the pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs. Results Five observational cohort studies (1282 patients) that were all judged as having a low risk of bias were included. In this meta-analysis, metformin use was associated with a significantly lower mortality rate (OR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.43–0.79, P = 0.001). Conclusions This meta-analysis indicated an association between metformin use prior to admission and lower mortality in septic adult patients with diabetes mellitus. This finding suggested that the possible effect of metformin should be evaluated in future clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huoyan Liang
- General ICU, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Xianfei Ding
- General ICU, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Lifeng Li
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Tian Wang
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Quancheng Kan
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Lexin Wang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW, 2650, Australia
| | - Tongwen Sun
- General ICU, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Shang L, Wang T, Tong D, Kang W, Liang Q, Ge S. Prolyl hydroxylases positively regulated LPS-induced inflammation in human gingival fibroblasts via TLR4/MyD88-mediated AKT/NF-κB and MAPK pathways. Cell Prolif 2018; 51:e12516. [PMID: 30091492 PMCID: PMC6528886 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Prolyl hydroxylases (PHDs) play essential roles in oxygen-sensing system, whereas the effects of PHDs on inflammation have not been totally uncovered. Our study aimed to investigate the role of PHDs in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation of human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) and clarify the potential mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS A pan hydroxylase inhibitor, dimethyloxallyl glycine (DMOG), and RNA interference were used to explore the role of PHDs in inflammation. Cytotoxic effect of DMOG was determined by cell-counting kit-8 and flow cytometry respectively. The secretion levels of IL-6 and IL-8 were assessed by ELISA. The mRNA levels of inflammatory cytokines, Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 and MyD88 were evaluated by quantitative real-time PCR. The activation of NF-κB, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and PI3K/AKT pathways were detected by western blot and the nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 was examined by immunofluorescence. Downregulation of PHD1 and PHD2 was performed with siRNA transfection. RESULTS Dimethyloxallyl glycine inhibited LPS-induced inflammatory cytokine, TLR4 and MyD88 expression in gene level and the elevated secretion of IL-6 and IL-8 was also downregulated. Additionally, LPS-induced activation of NF-κB, MAPK and AKT pathways was abolished by DMOG treatment. Importantly, LPS-induced inflammatory cytokine expression was merely suppressed by PHD2 knockdown. CONCLUSIONS Prolyl hydroxylases acted as a positive regulator in LPS-induced inflammation of HGFs via TLR4/MyD88-mediated NF-κB, MAPK and AKT signalling pathways and PHD2 among three isoforms was principally responsible for the effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Shang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue RegenerationSchool of Stomatology, Shandong UniversityShandong, JinanChina
- Department of PeriodontologySchool of Stomatology, Shandong UniversityShandong, JinanChina
| | - Ting Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue RegenerationSchool of Stomatology, Shandong UniversityShandong, JinanChina
- Department of PeriodontologySchool of Stomatology, Shandong UniversityShandong, JinanChina
| | - Dongdong Tong
- Department of Oral maxillofacial SurgerySchool of Stomatology, Shandong UniversityShandong, JinanChina
| | - Wenyan Kang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue RegenerationSchool of Stomatology, Shandong UniversityShandong, JinanChina
- Department of PeriodontologySchool of Stomatology, Shandong UniversityShandong, JinanChina
| | - Qianyu Liang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue RegenerationSchool of Stomatology, Shandong UniversityShandong, JinanChina
- Department of PeriodontologySchool of Stomatology, Shandong UniversityShandong, JinanChina
| | - Shaohua Ge
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue RegenerationSchool of Stomatology, Shandong UniversityShandong, JinanChina
- Department of PeriodontologySchool of Stomatology, Shandong UniversityShandong, JinanChina
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Akram Z, Vohra F, Javed F. Locally delivered metformin as adjunct to scaling and root planing in the treatment of periodontal defects: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Periodontal Res 2018; 53:941-949. [DOI: 10.1111/jre.12573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Z. Akram
- Department of Periodontology; Faculty of Dentistry; Ziauddin University; Karachi Pakistan
| | - F. Vohra
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences; College of Dentistry; King Saud University; Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - F. Javed
- Department of General Dentistry; Eastman Institute for Oral Health; University of Rochester; Rochester NY USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Duda-Sobczak A, Zozulinska-Ziolkiewicz D, Wyganowska-Swiatkowska M. Type 1 Diabetes and Periodontal Health. Clin Ther 2018; 40:823-827. [PMID: 29429766 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2018.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
It is well established that hyperglycemia affects periodontal outcomes. A body of evidence, predominantly over the past 20 years supports significant independent associations between periodontal disease and glycemic control or complications of diabetes. Association between periodontal tissue and hyperglycemia is possible through altered cellular immunity, increased proliferation of bacteria, microangiopathy, and formation of the advanced glycation end products. However, most studies focus solely on patients with type 2 diabetes or diabetes in general. There is still the paucity of data concerning patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Here, the authors consider the possible mechanisms linking periodontal disease with diabetes, focusing mainly on T1D and discuss possible diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Duda-Sobczak
- Department of Internal Medicine and Diabetology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|