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Adu-Berchie K, Obuseh FO, Mooney DJ. T Cell Development and Function. Rejuvenation Res 2023; 26:126-138. [PMID: 37154728 PMCID: PMC10460695 DOI: 10.1089/rej.2023.0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
T cells play critical roles in the immune system, including in responses to cancer, autoimmunity, and tissue regeneration. T cells arise from common lymphoid progenitors (CLPs) that differentiate from hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow. CLPs then traffic to the thymus, where they undergo thymopoiesis through a number of selection steps, resulting in mature single positive naive CD4 helper or CD8 cytotoxic T cells. Naive T cells are home to secondary lymphoid organs like lymph nodes and are primed by antigen-presenting cells, which scavenge for both foreign and self-antigens. Effector T cell function is multifaceted, including direct target cell lysis and secretion of cytokines, which regulate the functions of other immune cells (refer to "Graphical Abstract"). This review will discuss T cell development and function, from the development of lymphoid progenitors in the bone marrow to principles that govern T cell effector function and dysfunction, specifically within the context of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwasi Adu-Berchie
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- The Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Favour O. Obuseh
- The Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David J. Mooney
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- The Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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2
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Ye M, Huang X, Wu Q, Liu F. Senescent Stromal Cells in the Tumor Microenvironment: Victims or Accomplices? Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15071927. [PMID: 37046588 PMCID: PMC10093305 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15071927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a unique cellular state. Senescent cells enter a non-proliferative phase, and the cell cycle is arrested. However, senescence is essentially an active cellular phenotype, with senescent cells affecting themselves and neighboring cells via autocrine and paracrine patterns. A growing body of research suggests that the dysregulation of senescent stromal cells in the microenvironment is tightly associated with the development of a variety of complex cancers. The role of senescent stromal cells in impacting the cancer cell and tumor microenvironment has also attracted the attention of researchers. In this review, we summarize the generation of senescent stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment and their specific biological functions. By concluding the signaling pathways and regulatory mechanisms by which senescent stromal cells promote tumor progression, distant metastasis, immune infiltration, and therapy resistance, this paper suggests that senescent stromal cells may serve as potential targets for drug therapy, thus providing new clues for future related research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghan Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Xinyi Huang
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Qianju Wu
- Stomatological Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Stomatological Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Xiamen 361008, China
- Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Fei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
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Tian C, Li Y, Wang L, Si J, Zheng Y, Kang J, Wang Y, You MJ, Zheng G. Blockade of FGF2/FGFR2 partially overcomes bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells mediated progression of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:922. [PMID: 36333298 PMCID: PMC9636388 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05377-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The development of acute lymphoblastic leuakemia (ALL) is partly attributed to the effects of bone marrow (BM) microenvironment, especially mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), which interact bilaterally with leukaemia cells, leading to ALL progression. In order to find MSCs-based microenvironment targeted therapeutic strategies, Notch1-induced T-cell ALL (T-ALL) mice models were used and dynamic alterations of BM-MSCs with increased cell viability during T-ALL development was observed. In T-ALL mice derived stroma-based condition, leukaemia cells showed significantly elevated growth capacity indicating that MSCs participated in leukaemic niche formation. RNA sequence results revealed that T-ALL derived MSCs secreted fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2), which combined with fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) on leukaemia cells, resulting in activation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway in leukaemia cells. In vitro blocking the interaction between FGF2 and FGFR2 with BGJ398 (infigratinib), a FGFR1-3 kinase inhibitor, or knockdown FGF2 in MSCs by interference caused deactivation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and dysregulations of genes associated with cell cycle and apoptosis in ALL cells, leading to decrease of leukaemia cells. In mouse model received BGJ398, overall survival was extended and dissemination of leukaemia cells in BM, spleen, liver and peripheral blood was decreased. After subcutaneous injection of primary human T-ALL cells with MSCs, tumour growth was suppressed when FGF2/FGFR2 was interrupted. Thus, inhibition of FGF2/FGFR2 interaction appears to be a valid strategy to overcome BM-MSCs mediated progression of T-ALL, and BGJ398 could indeed improve outcomes in T-ALL, which provide theoretical basis of BGJ398 as a BM microenvironment based therapeutic strategy to control disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Tian
- grid.411918.40000 0004 1798 6427Department of hematology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060 China
| | - Yueyang Li
- grid.411918.40000 0004 1798 6427Department of hematology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060 China ,grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020 China
| | - Lina Wang
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020 China
| | - Junqi Si
- grid.411918.40000 0004 1798 6427Department of hematology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060 China
| | - Yaxin Zheng
- grid.411918.40000 0004 1798 6427Department of hematology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060 China
| | - Junnan Kang
- grid.411918.40000 0004 1798 6427Department of hematology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060 China ,grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020 China
| | - Yafei Wang
- grid.411918.40000 0004 1798 6427Department of hematology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060 China
| | - M. James You
- grid.240145.60000 0001 2291 4776Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77479 USA
| | - Guoguang Zheng
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020 China
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Xu M, Zhang T, Xia R, Wei Y, Wei X. Targeting the tumor stroma for cancer therapy. Mol Cancer 2022; 21:208. [PMID: 36324128 PMCID: PMC9628074 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-022-01670-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumors are comprised of both cancer cells and surrounding stromal components. As an essential part of the tumor microenvironment, the tumor stroma is highly dynamic, heterogeneous and commonly tumor-type specific, and it mainly includes noncellular compositions such as the extracellular matrix and the unique cancer-associated vascular system as well as a wide variety of cellular components including activated cancer-associated fibroblasts, mesenchymal stromal cells, pericytes. All these elements operate with each other in a coordinated fashion and collectively promote cancer initiation, progression, metastasis and therapeutic resistance. Over the past few decades, numerous studies have been conducted to study the interaction and crosstalk between stromal components and neoplastic cells. Meanwhile, we have also witnessed an exponential increase in the investigation and recognition of the critical roles of tumor stroma in solid tumors. A series of clinical trials targeting the tumor stroma have been launched continually. In this review, we introduce and discuss current advances in the understanding of various stromal elements and their roles in cancers. We also elaborate on potential novel approaches for tumor-stroma-based therapeutic targeting, with the aim to promote the leap from bench to bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maosen Xu
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, 610041, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, 610041, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Ruolan Xia
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, 610041, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yuquan Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, 610041, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Xiawei Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, 610041, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China.
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Taurino G, Deshmukh R, Villar VH, Chiu M, Shaw R, Hedley A, Shokry E, Sumpton D, Dander E, D'Amico G, Bussolati O, Tardito S. Mesenchymal stromal cells cultured in physiological conditions sustain citrate secretion with glutamate anaplerosis. Mol Metab 2022; 63:101532. [PMID: 35752287 PMCID: PMC9254159 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2022.101532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have immunomodulatory and regenerative potential. However, culture conditions govern their metabolic processes and therapeutic efficacy. Here we show that culturing donor-derived MSCs in Plasmax™, a physiological medium with the concentrations of nutrients found in human plasma, supports their proliferation and stemness, and prevents the nutritional stress induced by the conventional medium DMEM. The quantification of the exchange rates of metabolites between cells and medium, untargeted metabolomics, stable isotope tracing and transcriptomic analysis, performed at physiologically relevant oxygen concentrations (1%O2), reveal that MSCs rely on high rate of glucose to lactate conversion, coupled with parallel anaplerotic fluxes from glutamine and glutamate to support citrate synthesis and secretion. These distinctive traits of MSCs shape the metabolic microenvironment of bone marrow niche and can influence nutrient cross-talks under physiological and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Taurino
- Laboratory of General Pathology, Dept. of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43125, Parma, Italy; MRH - Microbiome Research Hub, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Ruhi Deshmukh
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
| | - Victor H Villar
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
| | - Martina Chiu
- Laboratory of General Pathology, Dept. of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43125, Parma, Italy
| | - Robin Shaw
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
| | - Ann Hedley
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
| | - Engy Shokry
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
| | - David Sumpton
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
| | - Erica Dander
- Centro Ricerca Tettamanti, Pediatric Dept., University of Milano-Bicocca, Fondazione MBBM, Monza, 20900, Italy
| | - Giovanna D'Amico
- Centro Ricerca Tettamanti, Pediatric Dept., University of Milano-Bicocca, Fondazione MBBM, Monza, 20900, Italy
| | - Ovidio Bussolati
- Laboratory of General Pathology, Dept. of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43125, Parma, Italy; MRH - Microbiome Research Hub, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy.
| | - Saverio Tardito
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK; Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK.
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Hamilton G, Teufelsbauer M. Adipose-derived stromal/stem cells and extracellular vesicles for cancer therapy. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2021; 22:67-78. [PMID: 34236014 DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2021.1954156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) hold great perspective for the therapy of a host of diseases due to regenerative and anti-inflammatory properties by differentiation into diverse cell populations, homing to damaged tissue regions, paracrine effects, and release of extracellular vesicles. AREAS COVERED This review describes the isolation, characterization, and potential use of MSCs and ADSCs for benign and malignant diseases. The MSCs may be administered as whole cells or in form of their secretome that is held responsible for most of their beneficial effects. A special constituent of the paracrine components are the extracellular vesicles (EVs) that carry a biologically potent cargo of proteins, cytokines, and RNA. EXPERT OPINION The applications of MSCs and ADSCs are amply documented and have been investigated in preclinical models and many unregulated and a few controlled trials. Larger numbers of MSCs and ADSCs can be obtained for allogeneic transfer but imply difficulties including perseverance of the cells in vivo and possible differentiation into harmful cell types. MSC-derived cell-free preparations are easier to handle and manufacture for various applications. Especially, with the help of bioreactors, EVs can be obtained in excessive numbers and preloaded or charged with proteins, cytokines, and regulatory RNA specimen to treat inflammatory diseases and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard Hamilton
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Maryana Teufelsbauer
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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