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Walsh TJ, Kalb LG, Gemmell M, Liu J, Caburnay CA, Gurnett CA, Newland JG. Assessment of COVID-19 Messaging Strategies to Increase Testing for Students With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities. THE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH 2024; 94:551-561. [PMID: 38551064 PMCID: PMC11088980 DOI: 10.1111/josh.13448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Students with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) were disproportionately impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. This study's goal was to assess the effectiveness of 2 messaging strategies on participation in SARS-CoV-2 weekly testing. METHODS Cluster randomized trials were conducted at 2 school systems, the special school district (SSD) and Kennedy Krieger Institute (Kennedy) to assess messaging strategies, general versus enhanced, to increase weekly screening for SARS-CoV-2. Testing was offered to staff and students from November 23, 2020 to May 26, 2022. The primary outcomes were percentage of students and staff consented weekly and percentage of study participants who had a test performed weekly. Generalized estimating equation models were utilized to evaluate the primary outcomes. RESULTS Increases in enrollment and testing occurred during study start up, the beginning of school years, and following surges in both systems. No statistical difference was observed in the primary outcomes between schools receiving standard versus enhanced messaging. IMPLICATIONS FOR SCHOOL HEALTH POLICY, PRACTICE, AND EQUITY Frequent and consistent communication is vital for families and staff. Weekly screening testing within schools is possible and highlighted the importance of utilizing equitable protocols to provide important testing to students with IDD. CONCLUSION Enhanced messaging strategies did not increase the number of participants enrolled or the percentage of enrolled participants being tested on a weekly basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler J Walsh
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Washington University in St. Louis, 660 S Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Luther G Kalb
- Kennedy Krieger Institute, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, 3901 Greenspring Ave, Baltimore, MD 21211, USA
| | - Michael Gemmell
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Washington University in St. Louis, 660 S Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jingxia Liu
- Department of Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, 4921 Parkview Pl, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Charlene A Caburnay
- Brown School of Social Work, Washington University in St. Louis, 6350 Forsyth Blvd, St. Louis, MO 63105, USA
| | - Christina A Gurnett
- Department of Neurology, Division of Pediatric and Developmental Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, 660 S Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jason G Newland
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Washington University in St. Louis, 660 S Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
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Sabado-Liwag MD, Kwan PP, Okihiro M, Sy A, Tsoh JY, Juarez R, Choi J, Martorell C, McElfish PA. Asian American and Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander Visibility and Data Equity: Insights From NIH RADx-UP. Am J Public Health 2024; 114:S354-S359. [PMID: 38547462 PMCID: PMC11111332 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2024.307590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Melanie D Sabado-Liwag
- Melanie D. Sabado-Liwag is with the Department of Public Health, California State University, Los Angeles. Patchareeya P. Kwan is with the Department of Health Sciences, California State University, Northridge. May Okihiro is with the Department of Pediatrics, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i, Honolulu. Angela Sy is with Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology, and Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i. Janice Y. Tsoh is the with the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco. Ruben Juarez is with the Department of Economics and University of Hawai'i Economic Research Organization, University of Hawai'i. JiWon Choi is with the Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences/Institute for Health and Aging, School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco. Chanchanit Martorell is with the Thai Community Development Center, Los Angeles. Pearl A. McElfish is with the College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Northwest, Springdale
| | - Patchareeya P Kwan
- Melanie D. Sabado-Liwag is with the Department of Public Health, California State University, Los Angeles. Patchareeya P. Kwan is with the Department of Health Sciences, California State University, Northridge. May Okihiro is with the Department of Pediatrics, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i, Honolulu. Angela Sy is with Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology, and Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i. Janice Y. Tsoh is the with the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco. Ruben Juarez is with the Department of Economics and University of Hawai'i Economic Research Organization, University of Hawai'i. JiWon Choi is with the Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences/Institute for Health and Aging, School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco. Chanchanit Martorell is with the Thai Community Development Center, Los Angeles. Pearl A. McElfish is with the College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Northwest, Springdale
| | - May Okihiro
- Melanie D. Sabado-Liwag is with the Department of Public Health, California State University, Los Angeles. Patchareeya P. Kwan is with the Department of Health Sciences, California State University, Northridge. May Okihiro is with the Department of Pediatrics, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i, Honolulu. Angela Sy is with Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology, and Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i. Janice Y. Tsoh is the with the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco. Ruben Juarez is with the Department of Economics and University of Hawai'i Economic Research Organization, University of Hawai'i. JiWon Choi is with the Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences/Institute for Health and Aging, School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco. Chanchanit Martorell is with the Thai Community Development Center, Los Angeles. Pearl A. McElfish is with the College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Northwest, Springdale
| | - Angela Sy
- Melanie D. Sabado-Liwag is with the Department of Public Health, California State University, Los Angeles. Patchareeya P. Kwan is with the Department of Health Sciences, California State University, Northridge. May Okihiro is with the Department of Pediatrics, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i, Honolulu. Angela Sy is with Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology, and Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i. Janice Y. Tsoh is the with the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco. Ruben Juarez is with the Department of Economics and University of Hawai'i Economic Research Organization, University of Hawai'i. JiWon Choi is with the Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences/Institute for Health and Aging, School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco. Chanchanit Martorell is with the Thai Community Development Center, Los Angeles. Pearl A. McElfish is with the College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Northwest, Springdale
| | - Janice Y Tsoh
- Melanie D. Sabado-Liwag is with the Department of Public Health, California State University, Los Angeles. Patchareeya P. Kwan is with the Department of Health Sciences, California State University, Northridge. May Okihiro is with the Department of Pediatrics, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i, Honolulu. Angela Sy is with Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology, and Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i. Janice Y. Tsoh is the with the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco. Ruben Juarez is with the Department of Economics and University of Hawai'i Economic Research Organization, University of Hawai'i. JiWon Choi is with the Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences/Institute for Health and Aging, School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco. Chanchanit Martorell is with the Thai Community Development Center, Los Angeles. Pearl A. McElfish is with the College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Northwest, Springdale
| | - Ruben Juarez
- Melanie D. Sabado-Liwag is with the Department of Public Health, California State University, Los Angeles. Patchareeya P. Kwan is with the Department of Health Sciences, California State University, Northridge. May Okihiro is with the Department of Pediatrics, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i, Honolulu. Angela Sy is with Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology, and Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i. Janice Y. Tsoh is the with the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco. Ruben Juarez is with the Department of Economics and University of Hawai'i Economic Research Organization, University of Hawai'i. JiWon Choi is with the Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences/Institute for Health and Aging, School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco. Chanchanit Martorell is with the Thai Community Development Center, Los Angeles. Pearl A. McElfish is with the College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Northwest, Springdale
| | - JiWon Choi
- Melanie D. Sabado-Liwag is with the Department of Public Health, California State University, Los Angeles. Patchareeya P. Kwan is with the Department of Health Sciences, California State University, Northridge. May Okihiro is with the Department of Pediatrics, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i, Honolulu. Angela Sy is with Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology, and Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i. Janice Y. Tsoh is the with the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco. Ruben Juarez is with the Department of Economics and University of Hawai'i Economic Research Organization, University of Hawai'i. JiWon Choi is with the Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences/Institute for Health and Aging, School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco. Chanchanit Martorell is with the Thai Community Development Center, Los Angeles. Pearl A. McElfish is with the College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Northwest, Springdale
| | - Chanchanit Martorell
- Melanie D. Sabado-Liwag is with the Department of Public Health, California State University, Los Angeles. Patchareeya P. Kwan is with the Department of Health Sciences, California State University, Northridge. May Okihiro is with the Department of Pediatrics, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i, Honolulu. Angela Sy is with Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology, and Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i. Janice Y. Tsoh is the with the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco. Ruben Juarez is with the Department of Economics and University of Hawai'i Economic Research Organization, University of Hawai'i. JiWon Choi is with the Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences/Institute for Health and Aging, School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco. Chanchanit Martorell is with the Thai Community Development Center, Los Angeles. Pearl A. McElfish is with the College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Northwest, Springdale
| | - Pearl A McElfish
- Melanie D. Sabado-Liwag is with the Department of Public Health, California State University, Los Angeles. Patchareeya P. Kwan is with the Department of Health Sciences, California State University, Northridge. May Okihiro is with the Department of Pediatrics, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i, Honolulu. Angela Sy is with Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology, and Pharmacology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i. Janice Y. Tsoh is the with the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco. Ruben Juarez is with the Department of Economics and University of Hawai'i Economic Research Organization, University of Hawai'i. JiWon Choi is with the Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences/Institute for Health and Aging, School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco. Chanchanit Martorell is with the Thai Community Development Center, Los Angeles. Pearl A. McElfish is with the College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Northwest, Springdale
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Meekers D, Pham NK, Tran CT, VanLandingham MJ, Do M. Rapidly developing communications materials during public health emergencies: the Âu Cơ campaign in the USA. Health Promot Int 2024; 39:daad198. [PMID: 38243779 PMCID: PMC10799325 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/daad198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
During public health emergencies, health communication materials to contain the outbreak are needed promptly, which prevents the use of standard approaches for getting feedback from the intended audience. We propose a strategy for rapidly obtaining community feedback on new health communication materials during the public health emergencies. We illustrate this with COVID-19 testing campaign in a Vietnamese-American enclave in the USA. The project included community-based COVID-19 testing and communication activities to increase the awareness of the testing centers and encourage frequent testing. Our strategy involves two main components: (i) use of a research team with an existing trust relationship with the community and that includes researchers from that community and (ii) co-design of communication materials using community-based gatekeepers and a cultural broker. We developed brochures and posters to increase the awareness of the COVID-19 testing services. The cultural broker and community-based partners identified salient message concepts and worked with the researchers to define the objectives and content of the materials, which were then reviewed by the entire team. In lieu of standard pretesting, we relied on feedback on mockups of the materials and subsequent revisions from the community-based gatekeepers and cultural broker. Our strategy strikes a balance between the need to urgently disseminate new materials and the need for community input. One key takeaway is that effective planning for public health emergencies must start long before the crisis occurs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominique Meekers
- Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - NhuNgoc K Pham
- Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Cam-Thanh Tran
- Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Mark J VanLandingham
- Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Mai Do
- Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
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Cross LM, DeFosset A, Yusuf B, Conserve D, Anderson R, Carilli C, Kibbe W, Cohen-Wolkowiez M, Richmond A, Corbie G, Dave G. Exploring barriers and facilitators of implementing an at-home SARS-CoV-2 antigen self-testing intervention: The Rapid Acceleration of Diagnostics-Underserved Populations (RADx-UP) initiatives. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0294458. [PMID: 37971996 PMCID: PMC10653400 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evaluating community-based programs provides value to researchers, funding entities, and community stakeholders involved in program implementation, and can increase program impact and sustainability. To understand factors related to program implementation, we aimed to capture the perspective of community partners engaged in organizing and executing community-engaged programs to distribute COVID-19 at-home tests in underserved communities. METHODS We conducted semi-structured interviews and focus groups with community-based stakeholders informed by the Outcomes for Implementation Research framework. RESULTS Findings describe how community-engaged communication and dissemination strategies drove program adoption among grassroots stakeholders. Establishing and sustaining trusted relationships was vital to engaging partners with aligned values and capacity. Respondents characterized the programs as generally feasible and appropriate, and community partners felt capable of delivering the program successfully. However, they also described an increased burden on their workforce and desired more significant support. Respondents recognized the programs' community engagement practices as a critical facilitator of acceptability and impact. DISCUSSION Implementation evaluation aims to inform current and future community outreach and engagement efforts with best practices. As we continue to inform and advance community-engaged disaster response practice, a parallel reimagining of public health funding mechanisms and timelines could provide a foundation for trust, collaboration, and community resiliency that endures beyond a given crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Maria Cross
- Department of Social Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Amelia DeFosset
- Department of Social Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Bola Yusuf
- Department of Social Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Donaldson Conserve
- Department of Prevention and Community Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, D.C, United States of America
| | - Rakiah Anderson
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Christina Carilli
- Department of Social Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Warren Kibbe
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Michael Cohen-Wolkowiez
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Alan Richmond
- Community-Campus Partnerships for Health, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Giselle Corbie
- Department of Social Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Gaurav Dave
- Department of Social Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
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Li M, Yang BK, Yu Z, Zhu L, Chen X, Kreps GL, Kansangra R. Exploring Factors Associated with Chinese-Americans' Willingness to Receive an Additional Hypothetical Annual Dose of the COVID-19 Vaccine. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:185. [PMID: 36680029 PMCID: PMC9866834 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11010185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Chinese-Americans are one of the largest groups of Asian-Americans in the US with distinctive behavioral and cultural characteristics that influence health service use. Although Chinese-Americans have significantly higher COVID-19-related mortality rates, relative to other racial and ethnic groups, limited literature is available examining their willingness to accept the COVID-19 vaccine. With recent development of the combination influenza-COVID-19 vaccine by biotechnology companies to mitigate COVID-19 infection, we examined factors associated with Chinese-Americans' acceptance of hypothetical annual doses of COVID-19 vaccination before the vaccine rollout. A total of 241 Chinese-Americans who received at least one dose of the COVID-19 vaccine completed an online questionnaire developed and based on health behavior theories. Our results indicated that Chinese-American participants who were satisfied with their prior COVID-19 vaccination experience, who had more accurate knowledge and perceived higher susceptibility of getting COVID-19, were more willing to receive the annual COVID-19 vaccine in the future. The findings of our current study may be used to guide the development of strategic messages to promote uptake of the annual COVID-19 vaccine by Chinese-Americans in the U.S.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Li
- Department of Health Sciences, Towson University, Towson, MD 21252, USA
| | - Bo Kyum Yang
- Department of Health Sciences, Towson University, Towson, MD 21252, USA
| | - Zuojin Yu
- Department of Health Sciences, Towson University, Towson, MD 21252, USA
| | - Lin Zhu
- Center for Asian Health, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - Xuewei Chen
- School of Community Health Sciences, Counseling and Counseling Psychology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74077, USA
| | - Gary L. Kreps
- Center for Health & Risk Communication, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA
| | - Radhika Kansangra
- Department of Health Sciences, Towson University, Towson, MD 21252, USA
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