1
|
de Sousa DP, de Assis Oliveira F, Arcanjo DDR, da Fonsêca DV, Duarte ABS, de Oliveira Barbosa C, Ong TP, Brocksom TJ. Essential Oils: Chemistry and Pharmacological Activities-Part II. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1185. [PMID: 38927394 PMCID: PMC11200837 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12061185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The importance of essential oils and their components in the industrial sector is attributed to their chemical characteristics and their application in the development of products in the areas of cosmetology, food, and pharmaceuticals. However, the pharmacological properties of this class of natural products have been extensively investigated and indicate their applicability for obtaining new drugs. Therefore, this review discusses the use of these oils as starting materials to synthesize more complex molecules and products with greater commercial value and clinic potential. Furthermore, the antiulcer, cardiovascular, and antidiabetic mechanisms of action are discussed. The main mechanistic aspects of the chemopreventive properties of oils against cancer are also presented. The data highlight essential oils and their derivatives as a strategic chemical group in the search for effective therapeutic agents against various diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Daniel Dias Rufino Arcanjo
- LAFMOL—Laboratory of Functional and Molecular Studies in Physiopharmacology, Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina 64049-550, Brazil; (D.D.R.A.); (C.d.O.B.)
| | - Diogo Vilar da Fonsêca
- Collegiate of Medicine, Federal University of São Francisco Valley, Bahia 48607-190, Brazil;
| | - Allana Brunna S. Duarte
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, Brazil;
| | - Celma de Oliveira Barbosa
- LAFMOL—Laboratory of Functional and Molecular Studies in Physiopharmacology, Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina 64049-550, Brazil; (D.D.R.A.); (C.d.O.B.)
| | - Thomas Prates Ong
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil;
- Food Research Center (FoRC), University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Timothy John Brocksom
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos 13565-905, Brazil;
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Guo Y, Peng X, Liu F, Zhang Q, Ding L, Li G, Qiu F. Potential of natural products in inflammation: biological activities, structure-activity relationships, and mechanistic targets. Arch Pharm Res 2024; 47:377-409. [PMID: 38739203 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-024-01496-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
A balance between the development and suppression of inflammation can always be found in the body. When this balance is disturbed, a strong inflammatory response can damage the body. It sometimes is necessary to use drugs with a significant anti-inflammatory effect, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and steroid hormones, to control inflammation in the body. However, the existing anti-inflammatory drugs have many adverse effects, which can be deadly in severe cases, making research into new safer and more effective anti-inflammatory drugs necessary. Currently, numerous types of natural products with anti-inflammatory activity and distinct structural features are available, and these natural products have great potential for the development of novel anti-inflammatory drugs. This review summarizes 260 natural products and their derivatives with anti-inflammatory activities in the last two decades, classified by their active ingredients, and focuses on their structure-activity relationships in anti-inflammation to lay the foundation for subsequent new drug development. We also elucidate the mechanisms and pathways of natural products that exert anti-inflammatory effects via network pharmacology predictions, providing direction for identifying subsequent targets of anti-inflammatory natural products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yajing Guo
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuling Peng
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China
| | - Fanfei Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China
| | - Liqin Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Therapeutic Substance of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China
| | - Gen Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China.
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Therapeutic Substance of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China.
| | - Feng Qiu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China.
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China.
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Therapeutic Substance of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhang LC, Li N, Chen JL, Sun J, Xu M, Liu WQ, Zuo ZF, Shi LL, Wang TH, Luo XY. Molecular network mechanism in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion rats treated with human urine stem cells. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27508. [PMID: 38560254 PMCID: PMC10979071 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To explore the effect of human urine-derived stem cells (husc) in improving the neurological function of rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (CIR), and report new molecular network by bioinformatics, combined with experiment validation. Methods After CIR model was established, and husc were transplanted into the lateral ventricle of rats,neurological severe score (NSS) andgene network analysis were performed. Firstly, we input the keywords "Cerebral reperfusion" and "human urine stem cells" into Genecard database and merged data with findings from PubMed so as to get their targets genes, and downloaded them to make Venny intersection plot. Then, Gene ontology (GO) analysis, kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis and protein-protein interaction (PPI) were performed to construct molecular network of core genes. Lastly, the expressional level of core genes was validated via quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and localized by immunofluorescence. Results Compared with the Sham group, the neurological function of CIR rats was significantly improved after the injection of husc into the lateral ventricle; at 14 days, P = 0.028, which was statistically significant. There were 258 overlapping genes between CIR and husc, and integrated with 252 genes screened from PubMed and CNKI. GO enrichment analysis were mainly involved neutrophil degranulation, neutrophil activation in immune response and platelet positive regulation of degranulation, Hemostasis, blood coagulation, coagulation, etc. KEGG pathway analysis was mainly involved in complement and coagulation cascades, ECM-receptor. Hub genes screened by Cytoscape consist ofCD44, ACTB, FN1, ITGB1, PLG, CASP3, ALB, HSP90AA1, EGF, GAPDH. Lastly, qRT-PCR results showed statistic significance (P < 0.05) in ALB, CD44 and EGF before and after treatment, and EGF immunostaining was localized in neuron of cortex. Conclusion husc transplantation showed a positive effect in improving neural function of CIR rats, and underlying mechanism is involved in CD44, ALB, and EGF network.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lang-Chun Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiang Ya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
- Animal Canter Department of Anatomy, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Na Li
- Animal Canter Department of Anatomy, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Ji-Lin Chen
- Animal Canter Department of Anatomy, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Jie Sun
- Animal Canter Department of Anatomy, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Min Xu
- Animal Canter Department of Anatomy, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Wen-Qiang Liu
- College of Basic Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121000, China
| | - Zhong-Fu Zuo
- Department of Anatomy, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Lan-Lan Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiang Ya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Ting-Hua Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiang Ya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Xiang-Yin Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiang Ya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang WL, Chen Y. Network Pharmacology Prediction and Molecular Docking-Based Strategy to Explore the Potential Mechanism of Gualou Xiebai Banxia Decoction against Myocardial Infarction. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:392. [PMID: 38674327 PMCID: PMC11048873 DOI: 10.3390/genes15040392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate targets through which Gualou Xiebai Banxia decoction aids in treating myocardial infarction (MI) using network pharmacology in combination with molecular docking. The principal active ingredients of Gualou Xiebai Banxia decoction were identified from the TCMSP database using the criteria of drug-likeness ≥30% and oral bioavailability ≥0.18. Interactions and pathway enrichment were investigated using protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks and Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis, respectively. Active component structures were docked with those of potential protein targets using AutoDock molecular docking relative softwares. HIF1A was of particular interest as it was identified by the PPI network, GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses. In conclusion, the use of network pharmacology prediction and molecular docking assessments provides further information on the active components and mechanisms of action Gualou Xiebai Banxia decoction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yan Chen
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Praia Park Block R Coloane Macau, Macau 999078, China;
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Guan HR, Li B, Zhang ZH, Wu HS, He XL, Dong YJ, Su J, Lv GY, Chen SH. Integrated bioinformatics and network pharmacology to explore the therapeutic target and molecular mechanisms of Bailing capsule on polycystic ovary syndrome. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:458. [PMID: 38102584 PMCID: PMC10722827 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04280-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine and metabolic disorder that is common in women of reproductive age. The clinical features of PCOS include hyperandrogenemia and polycystic ovarian changes. Bailing capsule (BL), a proprietary Chinese medicine that contains fermented Cordyceps sinensis powder, has been applied to treat PCOS. However, the specific active ingredients of BL and its mechanisms of action are yet to be elucidated. METHODS Initially, the effectiveness of BL on PCOS model mice was evaluated. Subsequently, the active ingredients of BL were searched in the TCMSP and TCM Systems Pharmacology databases, and their targets were predicted using Swiss Target Prediction and SEA databases. Furthermore, the GEO gene database was used to screen for differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to PCOS. Data from Gene Card, OMIM, DDT, and Drugbank databases were then combined to establish a PCOS disease gene library. Cross targets were imported into the STRING database to construct a protein-protein interaction network. In addition, GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses were performed using Metascape and DAVID databases and visualized using Cytoscape software and R 4.2.3. The core targets were docked with SYBYL-X software, and their expressions in PCOS mice were further verified using qPCR. RESULTS The core active ingredients of BL were identified to be linoleyl acetate, cholesteryl palmitate, arachidonic acid, among others. Microarray data sets from four groups containing disease and normal samples were obtained from the GEO database. A total of 491 DEGs and 106 drug-disease cross genes were selected. Estrous cycle and ovarian lesions were found to be improved in PCOS model mice following BL treatment. While the levels of testosterone, progesterone, and prolactin decreased, that of estradiol increased. qPCR findings indicated that the expressions of JAK2, PPARG, PI3K, and AKT1 were upregulated, whereas those of ESR1 and IRS1 were downregulated in PCOS model mice. After the administration of BL, the expressions of associated genes were regulated. This study demonstrated that BL exerted anti-PCOS effects via PIK3CA, ESR1, AKT, PPARG, and IRS1 targets affecting PI3K-Akt signaling pathways. DISCUSSION This research clarified the multicomponent, multitarget, and multichannel action of BL and provided a theoretical reference for further investigations on its pharmacological basis and molecular mechanisms against PCOS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Ru Guan
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, PR China
| | - Bo Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, PR China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM for Innovative R & D and Digital Intelligent Manufacturing of TCM Great Health Products, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, 313200, PR China
| | - Ze-Hua Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, PR China
| | - Han-Song Wu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, PR China
| | - Xing-Lishang He
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, PR China
| | - Ying-Jie Dong
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, PR China
| | - Jie Su
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, PR China.
| | - Gui-Yuan Lv
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, PR China.
| | - Su-Hong Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, PR China.
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM for Innovative R & D and Digital Intelligent Manufacturing of TCM Great Health Products, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, 313200, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Pan J, Cai Y, Zhang C, Xu S. Intra-articular delivery of geraniol encapsulated by pH/redox-responsive nanogel ameliorates osteoarthritis by regulating oxidative stress and inflammation. J Mol Histol 2023; 54:579-591. [PMID: 37848748 PMCID: PMC10635995 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-023-10163-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) remains a challenging condition due to limited drug bioavailability within the avascular and dense cartilage matrix. This study introduces a pH/redox-responsive nanogel for enhanced delivery of geraniol in OA therapy. We investigated geraniol's role in preventing chondrocyte matrix degradation and designed a pH/redox-responsive nanogel as a delivery platform. Our methods included Western blot, histological staining, and immunohistochemistry. Geraniol treatment reduced Keap1 expression while elevating Nrf2 and HO-1 levels, effectively inhibiting cartilage matrix degradation. The pH/redox-responsive nanogel further enhanced geraniol's therapeutic impact. Our study demonstrates that geraniol encapsulated within a pH/redox-responsive nanogel mitigates OA by regulating oxidative stress and inflammation. This innovative approach holds potential as an effective OA therapeutic strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Pan
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
| | - Youzhi Cai
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Sanzhong Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Chen L, Zhou Y, Weng Z, Liu S, Li T, Wang Y, Yang Y, Liu H, Huang W. Anti-cancer targets and molecular mechanisms of formononetin in treating osteosarcoma based on network pharmacology. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:11489-11507. [PMID: 37870753 PMCID: PMC10637808 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a multifactorial bone malignancy that accounts for most cancers in children and adolescents. Formononetin has been proven to exhibit various pharmacological effects including anti-tumor, anti-obesity, anti-inflammation, and neuroprotective effects. Few studies have examined the pharmacological activities of formononetin in OS treatment, but the mechanism has not yet been completely elucidated. Network pharmacology is a new method based on the theory of system biology for analyzing the network of biological systems and selecting specific signal nodes for multi-target drug molecular design. Here, we used network pharmacology to explore the possible mechanism of formononetin in OS treatment. Human OS cell line MG63 was processed with four concentrations (0, 2, 5, 8 μg/mL) of formononetin. Subsequently, an MTT assay was performed to test cell proliferation and a scratch test was used to evaluate the migration ability of cancer cells. Caspase-3, p53, p21, and bcl-2 expression levels incubated with different concentrations of formononetin in MG63 cells were determined using Western blotting. After treated with formononetin for 48 h, MG63 cells exhibited marked apoptosis. The results revealed that certain concentrations of formononetin significantly exerted inhibitory effects on MG63 cell proliferation. Furthermore, formononetin decreased the bcl-2 level in MG63 cells but increased caspase-3, p21, and p53 levels in a concentration-dependent manner. Additionally, formononetin suppressed the expression of SATB2. Therefore, formononetin could dose-dependently inhibit MG63 cell proliferation and induce apparent cell apoptosis, providing a candidate treatment for OS, whereas SATB2 could be a potential prognostic biomarker for screening OS and therapeutic target of formononetin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lizhi Chen
- Department of Science and Education, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Translation of Medical 3D Printing Application, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Biomechanics, National Key Discipline of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yue Zhou
- Department of Science and Education, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zheng Weng
- The Affiliated Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ting Li
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Translation of Medical 3D Printing Application, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Biomechanics, National Key Discipline of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanfang Wang
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Translation of Medical 3D Printing Application, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Biomechanics, National Key Discipline of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Translation of Medical 3D Printing Application, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Biomechanics, National Key Discipline of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongmei Liu
- Department of Ultrasound, Institute of Ultrasound in Musculoskeletal Sports Medicine, Guangdong Second Provincial, General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenhua Huang
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Translation of Medical 3D Printing Application, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Biomechanics, National Key Discipline of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Xu X, Wang SS, Zhang L, Lu AX, Lin Y, Liu JX, Yan CH. Methylmercury induced ferroptosis by interference of iron homeostasis and glutathione metabolism in CTX cells. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 335:122278. [PMID: 37517642 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Environmental methylmercury (MeHg) exposure has gained global attention owing to its serious health hazards, especially neurotoxicity. Ferroptosis is a novel form of programmed cell death characterized by lipid peroxidation and iron overload. However, the occurrence of ferroptosis and its underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated in the methylmercury-induced neurotoxicity and the role of Nrf2 in MeHg-induced ferroptosis remains unexplored. In this study, we verified that MeHg decreased cell viability in a dose- and time-dependent manner in the Rat Brain Astrocytes cells (CTX cells). MeHg (3.5 μmol/L) exposure induced CTX cells to undergo ferroptosis, as evidenced by glutathione (GSH) depletion, lipid peroxidation, and iron overload, which was significantly rescued by the ferroptosis-specific inhibitors Ferrostatin-1 and Deferoxamine. MeHg directly disrupted the process of GSH metabolism by downregulating of SLC7A11 and GPX4 and interfered with intracellular iron homeostasis through inhibition of iron storage and export. Simultaneously, the expression of Nrf2 was upregulated by MeHg in CTX cells. Hence, the inhibition of Nrf2 activity further downregulated the levels of GPX4, SLC7A11, FTH1, and SLC40A1, which aggravated MeHg-induced ferroptosis to a greater extent. Overall, our findings provided evidence that ferroptosis played a critical role in MeHg-induced neurotoxicity, and suppressing Nrf2 activity further exacerbated MeHg-induced ferroptosis in CTX cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xi Xu
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Su-Su Wang
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - An-Xin Lu
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yin Lin
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun-Xia Liu
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chong-Huai Yan
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yang YY, Du LX, Zhu JY, Yi T, Yang YC, Qiao Z, Maoying QL, Chu YX, Wang YQ, Mi WL. Antipruritic effects of geraniol on acute and chronic itch via modulating spinal GABA/GRPR signaling. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 119:154969. [PMID: 37516088 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Itch (pruritus) is a common unpleasant feeling, often accompanied by the urge of scratching the skin. It is the main symptom of many systemic and skin diseases, which can seriously affect the patient's quality of life. Geraniol (GE; trans-3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadien-1-ol) is a natural monoterpene with diverse effects, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, neuroprotective, anti-nociceptive, and anticancer properties. The study aims to examine the effects of GE on acute and chronic itch, and explore the underlying mechanisms. METHODS Acute itch was investigated by using Chloroquine and compound 48/80 induced model, followed by manifestation of diphenylcyclopropenone (DCP)-induced allergic contact dermatitis and the acetone-ether-water (AEW)-induced dry skin model in mice. The scratching behavior, skin thickness, c-Fos expression, and GRPR protein expression in the spinal cord were subsequently monitored and evaluated by behavioral tests as well as pharmacological and pharmacogenetic technologies. RESULTS Dose-dependent intraperitoneal injection of GE alleviated the acute itch, induced by chloroquine and compound 48/80, as well as increased the spinal c-Fos expression. Intrathecal administration of GE suppressed the GABAA receptor inhibitor bicuculline-induced itch, GRP-induced itch, and the GABAergic neuron inhibition-induced itch. Furthermore, the subeffective dose of bicuculline blocked the anti-pruritic effect of GE on the chloroquine and compound 48/80 induced acute itch. GE also attenuated DCP and AEW-induced chronic itch, as well as the increase of spinal GRPR expression in DCP mice. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS GE alleviates both acute and chronic itch via modulating the spinal GABA/GRPR signaling in mice. Findings of this study reveal that GE may provide promising therapeutic options for itch management. Also, considering the pivotal role of essential oils in aromatherapy, GE has great application potential in aromatherapy for treating skin diseases, and especially the skin with severe pruritus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Yue Yang
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science; Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Li-Xia Du
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jian-Yu Zhu
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science; Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ting Yi
- Chinese Medicine Research Institute, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ya-Chen Yang
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science; Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zheng Qiao
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science; Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qi-Liang Maoying
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science; Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yu-Xia Chu
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science; Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yan-Qing Wang
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science; Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wen-Li Mi
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science; Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Guo W, Qiu M, Pu Z, Long N, Yang M, Ren K, Ning R, Zhang S, Peng F, Sun F, Dai M. Geraniol-a potential alternative to antibiotics for bovine mastitis treatment without disturbing the host microbial community or causing drug residues and resistance. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1126409. [PMID: 36875515 PMCID: PMC9978373 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1126409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Mastitis is one of the most prevalent diseases of dairy cows. Currently, mastitis treatment in dairy cows is mainly based on antibiotics. However, the use of antibiotics causes adverse effects, including drug resistance, drug residues, host-microbiome destruction, and environmental pollution. The present study sought to investigate the potentiality of geraniol as an alternative to antibiotics for bovine mastitis treatment in dairy cows. Additionally, the effectiveness of treatment, improvement in inflammatory factors, the influence on microbiome, presence of drug residues, and drug resistance induction were compared and analyzed comprehensively.Geraniol showed an equivalent therapeutic rate as antibiotics in the mouse infection model and cows with mastitis. Moreover, geraniol significantly inhibited the pathogenic bacteria and restored the microbial community while increasing the abundance of probiotics in milk. Notably, geraniol did not destroy the gut microbial communities in cows and mice, whereas antibiotics significantly reduced the diversity and destroyed the gut microbial community structure. Additionally, no geraniol residue was detected in milk four days after treatment discontinuation, but, antibiotic residues were detected in milk at the 7th day after drug withdrawal. In vitro experiments revealed that geraniol did not induce drug resistance in the Escherichia coli strain ATCC25922 and Staphylococcus aureus strain ATCC25923 after 150 generations of culturing, while antibiotics induced resistance after 10 generations. These results suggest that geraniol has antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects similar to antibiotics without affecting the host-microbial community structure or causing drug residues and resistance. Therefore, geraniol can be a potential substitute for antibiotics to treat mastitis or other infectious diseases and be widely used in the dairy industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Guo
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Prevention and Control Technology of Veterinary Drug Residue in Animal-origin Food, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Min Qiu
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhonghui Pu
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Prevention and Control Technology of Veterinary Drug Residue in Animal-origin Food, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Nana Long
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Min Yang
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Prevention and Control Technology of Veterinary Drug Residue in Animal-origin Food, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Ke Ren
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Prevention and Control Technology of Veterinary Drug Residue in Animal-origin Food, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruihong Ning
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Siyuan Zhang
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Prevention and Control Technology of Veterinary Drug Residue in Animal-origin Food, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Fu Peng
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Fu Peng, ; Fenghui Sun, ; Min Dai,
| | - Fenghui Sun
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Fu Peng, ; Fenghui Sun, ; Min Dai,
| | - Min Dai
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Prevention and Control Technology of Veterinary Drug Residue in Animal-origin Food, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Fu Peng, ; Fenghui Sun, ; Min Dai,
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Chen G, Liu C, Zhang M, Wang X, Xu Y. Niloticin binds to MD-2 to promote anti-inflammatory pathway activation in macrophage cells. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2022; 36:3946320221133017. [PMID: 36314579 PMCID: PMC9629566 DOI: 10.1177/03946320221133017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Niloticin is an active compound isolated from Cortex phellodendri with uncharacterized anti-inflammatory activity. We assessed the drug potential of niloticin and examined its ability to target myeloid differentiation protein 2 (MD-2) to ascertain the mechanism for its anti-inflammatory activity. METHODS The Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database was used to evaluate niloticin. Bio-layer interferometry and molecular docking technologies were used to explore how niloticin targets MD-2, which mediates a series of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-dependent inflammatory responses. The cytokines involved in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-TLR4/MD-2-NF-κB pathway were evaluated using ELISA, RT-qPCR, and western blotting. RESULTS Niloticin could bind to MD-2 and had no evident effects on cell viability. Niloticin treatment significantly decreased the levels of NO, IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β induced by LPS (p < 0.01). IL-1β, IL-6, iNOS, TNF-α, and COX-2 mRNA expression levels were decreased by niloticin (all p < 0.01). Compared with that in the control group, the increase in TLR4, p65, MyD88, p-p65, and iNOS expression levels induced by LPS were suppressed by niloticin (all p < 0.01). CONCLUSION Our results suggest that niloticin has therapeutic potential and binds to MD-2. Niloticin binding to MD-2 antagonized the effects of LPS binding to the TLR4/MD-2 complex, resulting in the inhibition of the LPS-TLR4/MD-2-NF-κB signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guirong Chen
- Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army, Dalian, China,Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, China
| | - Mingbo Zhang
- Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, China
| | - Xiaobo Wang
- Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army, Dalian, China,Xiaobo Wang, Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army, Dalian, China.
| | - Yubin Xu
- Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China,Yubin Xu, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Exploring the Active Ingredients and Mechanism of Action of Huanglian Huazhuo Capsule for the Treatment of Obese Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus Based on Using Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:2780647. [PMID: 36225181 PMCID: PMC9550451 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2780647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background Obese type 2 diabetes mellitus (obese T2DM) is one of the prime diseases that endangers human health. Clinical studies have confirmed the ability of the Huanglian Huazhuo capsule to treat obese T2DM; however, its mechanism of action is still unclear. In this study, effects and mechanisms of the Huanglian Huazhuo capsule in obese T2DM were systematically investigated using network pharmacology and molecular docking techniques. Methods The active ingredients and targets of the Huanglian Huazhuo capsule were extracted from Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP). Obese T2DM diabetes-related targets were retrieved from a geographic dataset combined with a gene card database. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed to screen core targets. The Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were conducted using Database for Annotation Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID). Interactions between potential targets and active compounds were assessed using molecular docking. Molecular docking was performed on the best core protein complexes obtained using molecular docking. Results A total of 89 and 108 active ingredients and targets, respectively, were identified. Seven core targets were obtained using a topological analysis of the PPI network. The GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses showed that the effects of the Huanglian Huazhuo capsules were mediated by inflammation, lipid response, oxidative stress-related genes, and HIF-1 and IL-17 signaling pathways. Good binding ability was observed between the active compounds and screened targets using molecular docking. Conclusions The active ingredients, potential targets, and pathways of the Huanglian Huazhuo capsule for the treatment of obese T2DM were successfully predicted, providing a new strategy for further investigation of its molecular mechanisms. In addition, the potential active ingredients provide a reliable source for drug screening in obese T2DM.
Collapse
|
13
|
Venzon L, Meurer MC, Dos Santos França TC, Longo B, Mariott M, Somensi LB, Mariano LNB, Boeing T, Cazarin CA, Pereira LN, de Souza MM, da Silva LM. Geraniol accelerates the gastric healing, minimizes ulcers recurrence, and reduces anxiolytic-like behavior in ulcerated rodents by oral or inhaled route. Inflammopharmacology 2022; 30:2331-2344. [PMID: 36121588 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-022-01068-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Geraniol (GE) is dietary acyclic monoterpene alcohol found in essential oils from aromatic plants with therapeutic value against gastric ulcers already described. HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE To assess whether oral GE accelerates gastric healing or prevents ulcer recurrence, and to evaluate the hypothesis that GE promotes antiulcer effects by the inhaled route and that promotes changes in the behavior of ulcerated rodents. METHODS Gastric healing effects, underlining mechanisms, and behavioral changes were measured in80% acetic acid-induced gastric ulcer model in rats receiving GE by oral (30 mg/kg) or inhaled route (1 mg/L of air/min); whereas the effects of GE to avoid ulcer recurrence was evaluated in mice submitted to 10% acetic acid plus IL-1β ulcer. RESULTS GE administered by both routes accelerates gastric healing, increasing mucin and GSH levels, CAT, and GST activities, and reducing MPO activity. Moreover, oral, and inhaled GE minimized ulcer recurrence reducing gastric TNF and IL-6 levels and preserving mucin levels. Interestingly, the inhalation or oral intake of GE promotes anxiolytic-like effects in ulcerated rats. CONCLUSION Data altogether suggest that the GE accelerates gastric healing through the strengthening of protective factors of the gastric mucosa, promoting a quality healing that reduces the recurrence of the lesion. Besides, the anxiolytic-like effect of GE may also contribute to its gastric healing action since anxiety is recognized as one of the etiologic agents of ulcers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Venzon
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, University of Itajai Valley, Itajai, SC, Brazil
| | | | | | - Bruna Longo
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, University of Itajai Valley, Itajai, SC, Brazil
| | - Marihá Mariott
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, University of Itajai Valley, Itajai, SC, Brazil
| | | | | | - Thaise Boeing
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, University of Itajai Valley, Itajai, SC, Brazil
| | - Camila André Cazarin
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, University of Itajai Valley, Itajai, SC, Brazil
| | - Lucas Natã Pereira
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, University of Itajai Valley, Itajai, SC, Brazil
| | - Marcia Maria de Souza
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, University of Itajai Valley, Itajai, SC, Brazil
| | - Luisa Mota da Silva
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, University of Itajai Valley, Itajai, SC, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Li XY, Zhang XT, Jiao YC, Chi H, Xiong TT, Zhang WJ, Li MN, Wang YH. In vivo evaluation and mechanism prediction of anti-diabetic foot ulcer based on component analysis of Ruyi Jinhuang powder. World J Diabetes 2022; 13:622-642. [PMID: 36159224 PMCID: PMC9412855 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v13.i8.622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes is a metabolic disease with a high complication rate. Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) seriously affect the quality of life of patients. A total of 15%-20% of diabetic patients develop DFUs, which heal with difficulty over a long time and can result in amputation and disability. Traditional Chinese medicine has a unique effect in the treatment of skin ulcerative diseases. Ruyi Jinhuang powder (RHP) is one of the classic prescriptions in traditional Chinese medicine and is widely used in clinical practice.
AIM To verify the ability of RHP to promote wound healing by electron microscopy analysis in animal models and hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. The effective components of RHP were extracted and identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and the obtained chemical components were analyzed by network pharmacology methods to predict its therapeutic mechanism.
METHODS Sprague Dawley rats were injected with streptozotocin to establish the DFU model. HE staining was used to observe the wound tissue under an electron microscope. The chemical constituents of RHP were extracted first by supercritical fluid extraction and alcohol extraction, and then, GC-MS and ultra-performance liquid chromatography–MS were used to separately identify the chemical constituents. In addition, the "herb-component-target" link was established through the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology database to obtain the target information, and the molecular docking of important components and key targets was performed in Discovery Studio software. Cytoscape software was used to visualize and analyze the relationship between the chemical composition, targets and Traditional Chinese Medicine network.
RESULTS RHP promoted DFU healing in rats by affecting fibroblasts and nerve cells. A total of 89 chemical components were obtained by GC-MS. Network pharmacological analysis revealed that RHP was associated with 36 targets and 27 pathways in the treatment of DFU, of which the important components were luteolin, trans caryophyllene, ar-turmerone, palmitic acid, methyl palmitate, gallic acid, demethoxycurcumin, berberine, and rheic acid. The key targets were posttranscriptional silencing, topoisomerase II alpha, muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2, interleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor and retinoic X receptor alpha, and the key pathways were the phosphoinositide 3-kinase-protein kinase B signaling pathway, neuroactive ligand–receptor interactions, and the forkhead box O signaling pathway.
CONCLUSION Our results indicated that RHP may play a role in the treatment of DFU through these target pathways by affecting insulin resistance, altering the nervous system and immune system, participating in inflammatory responses and regulating cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis through other specific mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Yan Li
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang Province, China
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xiao-Tong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yi-Cheng Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Hang Chi
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Ting-Ting Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Wen-Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Mi-Nan Li
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yan-Hong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Identification of Potential Biomarkers of Platelet RNA in Glioblastoma by Bioinformatics Analysis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:2488139. [PMID: 35996545 PMCID: PMC9391609 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2488139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Objective Glioblastoma is one of the most common and fatal malignancies in adults. Current treatment is still not optimistic. Glioblastoma (GBM) transports RNA to platelets in the blood system via microvesicles, suggesting that platelet RNA can be a potential diagnostic and therapeutic target. The roles of specific platelet RNAs in treatment of GBM are not well understood. Methods Platelet RNA profiling of 8 GBM and 12 normal samples were downloaded from the GEO database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between tumors and normal samples. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were performed to elucidate the functions of up- and downregulated genes. miRNA was predicted by miRTarBase, TargetScan, and miRDB databases. circBase and circBank were used for circRNA prediction. ceRNA (circRNA-mRNA-miRNA) network was constructed to investigate the potential interactions. Results 22 genes were upregulated and 9 genes were downregulated. There are only two genes (CCR7 and FAM102A) that connect to miRNAs (hsa-let-7a-5p, hsa-miR-1-3p). We assessed the overall survival rates by Kaplan-Meier plotter, and relative expression of GBM and subtypes for overlapped mRNA (CCR7 and FAM102A) were evaluated, and further, we obtained circRNAs (has-circ-0015164, hsa-circ-0003243) by circBank and circBase and bind sites through the CSCD database. Finally, a ceRNA network (circRNA-mRNA-miRNA) was constructed based on 2 miRNAs, 2 mRNAs, and 2 circRNAs by Cytoscape. This study focused on potential mRNA and ceRNA biomarkers to targeted treatment of GBM and provided ideas for clinical treatment through the combination of hematology and oncology. Conclusion The findings of this study contribute to better understand the relationship between GBM and the blood system (platelets) and might lay a solid foundation for improving GBM molecule and gene diagnosis and prognosis.
Collapse
|
16
|
Investigating the Role of Dahuang in Hepatoma Treatment Using Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking, and Survival Analysis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:5975223. [PMID: 35872841 PMCID: PMC9307382 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5975223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hepatoma is one of the most common malignant tumors. The incidence rate is high in developing countries, and China has the most significant number of cases. Dahuang is a classic traditional antitumor drug commonly used in China and has also been applied to treat hepatoma. However, the potential mechanism of Dahuang in treating hepatoma is not clear. Therefore, this study is aimed at elucidating the possible molecular mechanism and key targets of Dahuang using methods of network pharmacology, molecular docking, and survival analysis. Firstly, the active ingredients and key targets of Dahuang were analyzed through public databases, and then the drug-ingredient-target-disease network diagram of Dahuang against hepatoma was constructed. Five main active components and five core targets were determined according to the enrichment degree. Enrichment analysis demonstrated that Dahuang treated hepatoma through the multiple pathways in cancer. Additionally, molecular docking predicted that aloe-emodin and PIK3CG depicted the best binding energy. Survival analysis indicated that a high/ESR1 gene expression had a relatively good prognosis for patients with hepatoma (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the current study results demonstrated that Dahuang could treat hepatoma through a variety of active ingredients, targets, and multiantitumor pathways. Moreover, it effectively improved the prognosis of hepatoma patients. ESR1 is the potential key gene that is beneficial for the survival of hepatoma patients. Also, aloe-emodin and beta-sitosterol are the two main active crucial ingredients for hepatoma treatment. The study also provided some functional bases and references for the development of new drugs, target mining, and experimental animal research of hepatoma in the future.
Collapse
|
17
|
Network Pharmacology and Bioinformatics Methods Reveal the Mechanism of Berberine in the Treatment of Ischaemic Stroke. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:5160329. [PMID: 35815278 PMCID: PMC9259241 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5160329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Aim To elucidate the mechanism of action of berberine on ischaemic stroke based on network pharmacology, bioinformatics, and experimental verification. Methods Berberine-related long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) were screened from public databases. Differentially expressed lncRNAs in ischaemic stroke were retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. GSE102541 was comprehensively analysed using GEO2R. The correlation between lncRNAs and ischaemic stroke was evaluated by the mammalian noncoding RNA-disease repository (MNDR) database. The component-target-disease network and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of berberine in the treatment of ischaemic stroke were constructed by using network pharmacology. We then performed gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses. Finally, according to the molecular docking analysis and the binding probability between the lncRNA and key proteins, the effectiveness of the results was further verified by in vitro experiments. Results After matching stroke-related lncRNAs with berberine-related lncRNAs, four genes were selected as potential targets of berberine in the treatment of ischaemic stroke. Subsequently, lncRNA H19 was identified as the potential crucial regulatory lncRNA of berberine. Here, 52 target proteins of berberine in the treatment of ischaemic stroke were identified through database mining. Through topological analysis, 20 key targets were identified which were enriched in inflammation, apoptosis, and immunity. Molecular docking results showed that MAPK8, JUN, and EGFR were central genes. Finally, in vitro experiments demonstrated that lncRNA H19, p-JNK1/JNK1, p-c-Jun/c-Jun, and EGFR expressions were significantly increased in hypoxia-treated SH-SY5Y cells and were restored by berberine treatment. Conclusion The potential targets and biological effects of berberine in the treatment of ischaemic stroke were predicted in this study. The lncRNA H19/EGFR/JNK1/c-Jun signalling pathway may be a key mechanism of berberine-induced neuroprotection in ischaemic stroke.
Collapse
|
18
|
Liu G, Li S, Zhang N, Wei N, Wang M, Liu J, Xu Y, Li Y, Sun Q, Li Y, Li F, Yu P, Liu M, Wang Y, Zhai H, Wang Y. Sequential grade evaluation method exploration of Exocarpium Citri Grandis (Huajuhong) decoction pieces based on "network prediction → grading quantization → efficacy validation". JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 291:115149. [PMID: 35231589 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Exocarpium Citri Grandis (Huajuhong) is an authentic Chinese materia medica with excellent curative effects on relieving cough and reducing phlegm, which has been reputed as "Southern Ginseng" in China for a long history. AIM OF THE STUDY To establish a sequential grade evaluation method with strong operability and controllable quality for Huajuhong decoction pieces. MATERIALS AND METHODS (1) Indicators of ingredients and bio-effects were predicted by network pharmacology, and the potential pharmacodynamic ingredients and key targets were analyzed integrating screening results and literatures. (2) 45 batches of Huajuhong decoction pieces from different producing areas were collected and graded by original plant, planting place, and harvesting time. The chemical indicators determination of Huajuhong decoction pieces was conducted by Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography (UPLC). (3) 112 rats with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) model were used to evaluated the efficacy within graded groups. RESULTS (1) There are 22 key targets corresponding to 20 potential ingredients related to immunity and inflammation pathways for Huajuhong. Naringin and rhoifolin were chosen as the chemical indicators, and IL-6, IL-8, MCP-1, MIP-1α, TNF-α, TGF-β1 were selected as bio-indicators for different grades of Huajuhong decoction pieces. (2) The contents of the naringin and rhoifolin can reflect the quality of different grades of Huajuhong decoction pieces. (3) The efficacy of different grades of Huajuhong decoction pieces can delay the progression of IPF in varying degrees via the selected bio-indicators' pathways. CONCLUSIONS This sequential grading evaluation method is an attempt to apply systems pharmacology which integrates network pharmacology, quantitative chemical and experiments on animals to the classification of TCM decoction pieces. Combining the concepts of traditional theory and modern technology to explain the complex grading mechanism of TCM decoction pieces is worth popularizing and applying.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guoxiu Liu
- Standardization Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Dispensing, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Siyu Li
- Standardization Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Dispensing, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Standardization Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Dispensing, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Namin Wei
- Standardization Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Dispensing, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Mengxin Wang
- Standardization Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Dispensing, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Jiao Liu
- Standardization Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Dispensing, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Standardization Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Dispensing, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Yanan Li
- Standardization Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Dispensing, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Qianqian Sun
- Standardization Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Dispensing, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Yixuan Li
- Standardization Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Dispensing, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Feng Li
- Huazhou Huajuhong Medicinal Materials Development Co. LTD, Guangdong, 525199, China
| | - Pinhao Yu
- Huazhou Huajuhong Medicinal Materials Development Co. LTD, Guangdong, 525199, China
| | - Mengyu Liu
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Yanping Wang
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Huaqiang Zhai
- Standardization Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Dispensing, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China.
| | - Yongyan Wang
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Wang Y, Yuan Y, Wang W, He Y, Zhong H, Zhou X, Chen Y, Cai XJ, Liu LQ. Mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of Qingfeiyin in treating acute lung injury based on GEO datasets, network pharmacology and molecular docking. Comput Biol Med 2022; 145:105454. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2022.105454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
20
|
Chang X, Xing P. Identification of a novel lipid metabolism-related gene signature within the tumour immune microenvironment for breast cancer. Lipids Health Dis 2022; 21:43. [PMID: 35562758 PMCID: PMC9103058 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-022-01651-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Systemic factors can strongly affect how tumour cells behave, grow, and communicate with other cells in breast cancer. Lipid metabolic reprogramming is a systemic process that tumour cells undergo; however, the formation and dynamics of lipids associated with the tumour immune microenvironment (TIME) remain unclear. The investigation of the sophisticated bidirectional crosstalk of tumour cells with cancer metabolism, gene expression, and TIME could have the potential to identify novel biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and immunotherapy. This study aimed to construct a prognostic signature to detect the bicrosstalk between the lipid metabolic system and the TIME of breast cancer. Methods To detect the expression of LRGs and execute GO/KEGG analysis, the R program was chosen. Considering the clinical information and pathological features, a prognostic gene signature was constructed by LASSO Cox regression analysis. TMB, MSI, and immune infiltration analyses were performed, and consensus cluster analysis of LRGs was also performed. Results These 16 lipid metabolism-related genes (LRGs) were mainly involved in the process of lipid metabolism and fatty acid binding in breast cancer. Prognosis analysis identified the prognostic value of FABP7(Fatty acid binding protein 7) and NDUFAB1(NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit AB1) in breast cancer patients. The prognostic gene signature constructed with FABP7 and NDUFAB1 was significantly related to immune cell infiltration and could predict the overall survival rate with above average correctness of breast cancer patients. FABP7 and NDUFAB1 were proven to have relevance in immune cell infiltration and tumour mutation burden (TMB). Consensus cluster analysis identified that the upregulated mRNAs were mostly related to the oncogenesis process, while the downregulated mRNAs were associated with immune-related signalling pathways. Conclusion A comprehensive analysis was performed to evaluate the lipid metabolic system and identified a signature constructed by two prognostic genes for immunotherapies in breast cancer. The results also revealed evidence of vulnerabilities in the interplay between the lipid metabolic system and the TIME in breast cancer. Further data with clinical studies and experiments are warranted. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12944-022-01651-9.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Chang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Breast Surgery, General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, No.77 PuHe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Peng Xing
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Breast Surgery, General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, No.77 PuHe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Ruan X, Li W, Du P, Wang Y. Mechanism of Phellodendron and Anemarrhena Drug Pair on the Treatment of Liver Cancer Based on Network Pharmacology and Bioinformatics. Front Oncol 2022; 12:838152. [PMID: 35463358 PMCID: PMC9021729 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.838152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aims to explore the key targets and signaling pathways of the traditional Chinese medicine Phellodendron and Anemarrhena drug pair (PADP) for the treatment of liver cancer. Methods Firstly, bioinformatics technology was used to analyze GSE62232 gene chip to obtain the differential genes of liver cancer. A network pharmacology technology was used to find the active components of PADP and their targets. Secondly, the differential genes were imported into STRING database to draw a PPI network, and network topology structure map combined with Cytoscape software. And the R language was used to identify differential gene targets and pathways through GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis. In addition, AutoDock Vina was used for molecular docking of core targets and core compounds. Moreover, GEPIA online analysis tool was used to perform survival analysis of the core target genes. Finally, RT-PCR was used to verify the changes of key target genes. CCK−8 assay was performed to detect cell proliferation. Flow cytometry was performed to detect the cell cycle and apoptotic. Transwell invasion assay was performed to detect cell invasion. Results Firstly, a total of 21,654 genes were obtained. After screening, 1019 differential genes were obtained, including 614 down-regulated genes and 405 up-regulated genes. Furthermore, after screening by ADME standards, 52 active ingredients were obtained, of which 37 were Phellodendron and 15 were Anemarrhena. And a total of 36 differential genes have been identified, including 13 up-regulated genes and 23 down-regulated genes. Moreover, through enrichment analysis, we found that PADP may treat liver cancer through multiple channels and multiple pathways including the p53 signaling pathway, IL-17 signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, Toll-like receptor signaling pathway and so on. Secondly, the molecular docking results showed that there was certain affinity between the core compounds and core target genes. In addition, GEPIA online analysis showed that ESR1, AR, CCNB1, CDK1, AKR1C3 and CCNA2 might become potential target genes for the survival and prognosis of PADP for the treatment of liver cancer. Finally, it was found that PADP could up regulate genes ESR1 and AR, down regulate genes CCNB1, CDK1, AKR1C3, and CCNA2. PADP could promote the apoptosis of liver cancer cells, shorten the cell cycle, and inhibit the proliferation and invasion of liver cancer cells. Conclusion PADP may treat liver cancer through multiple targets, multiple channels, and multiple pathways, thereby suppressing cancer cells and improving the living quality of patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Ruan
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hubei University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China.,Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, China
| | - Wenyuan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Peng Du
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Xu L, Liu MZ, Yang YY, Wang Y, Hua XX, Du LX, Zhu JY, Shen Y, Wang YQ, Zhang L, Mi WL, Mu D. Geraniol enhances inhibitory inputs to the paraventricular thalamic nucleus and induces sedation in mice. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 98:153965. [PMID: 35144136 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.153965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant extracts with sedative effects have a long history of clinical use for treating insomnia and epilepsy. Geraniol (GE), a plant-derived acyclic monoterpene, reduces locomotion and prolongs barbiturate-induced anesthesia in rats. However, the mechanisms of GE in sedation remain elusive. PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms of GE in sedation in mice. METHODS GE was administered systemically by nebulization and intraperitoneal injection. Open field tests, acute seizure tests, and electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings were performed to examine the sedative effects of GE in mice. The time of loss of the righting reflex and return of the righting reflex were recorded in anesthesia experiments to examine the effect of GE on anesthesia. In vitro c-Fos staining and in vivo fiber photometry recordings were performed to detect the activity change of the paraventricular thalamic nucleus (PVT). Microinjection of GE into PVT and related behavioral tests were performed to confirm that PVT was a critical target for GE. Whole-cell recordings were performed to dissect the effects of GE on PVT neurons via GABAA receptors. Molecular docking was performed to examine the interaction between GE and GABAA receptor subunits. RESULTS We found that GE reduced locomotion, relieved acute seizures, altered the EEG, and facilitated general anesthesia in mice. Next, we found that GE decreased c-Fos expression and suppressed the calcium activity in PVT. Microinjection of GE into PVT reduced locomotion and facilitated anesthesia. Furthermore, electrophysiology results showed that GE induced dramatic membrane hyperpolarization and suppressed the activity of PVT neurons, mainly by prolonging spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic currents and inducing tonic inhibitory currents. Molecular docking results indicated that the β3 subunit might be a potential target for GE. CONCLUSION By combined using behavioral tests, immunohistochemistry, calcium recording, and electrophysiology, we systematically revealed that GE inhibits PVT and induces sedation in mice. Essential oils have long been considered part of traditional medicine, and they are playing a critical role in aromatherapy. Since GE has a comparatively ideal safety property and multiple delivery methods, GE has great application potential in aromatherapy. Our study also provides a potential candidate for further development of sedatives and anaesthetics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Ming-Zhe Liu
- Department of Respiratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Ya-Yue Yang
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Institutes of Brain Science, Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Hua
- The First Rehabilitation Hospital of Shanghai, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Li-Xia Du
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Institutes of Brain Science, Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jian-Yu Zhu
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Institutes of Brain Science, Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yang Shen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yan-Qing Wang
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Institutes of Brain Science, Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory for Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- The First Rehabilitation Hospital of Shanghai, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Wen-Li Mi
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Institutes of Brain Science, Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory for Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Di Mu
- SUSTech Center for Pain Medicine, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Exploring the Antiglioma Mechanisms of Luteolin Based on Network Pharmacology and Experimental Verification. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:7765658. [PMID: 34873410 PMCID: PMC8643232 DOI: 10.1155/2021/7765658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Luteolin, a natural flavone compound, exists in a variety of fruits and vegetables, and its anticancer effect has been shown in many studies. However, its use in glioma treatment is hampered due to the fact that the underlying mechanism of action has not been fully explored. Therefore, we elucidated the potential antiglioma targets and pathways of luteolin systematically with the help of network pharmacology and molecular docking technology. The druggability of luteolin, including absorption, excretion, distribution, and metabolism, was assessed via the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP). The potential targets of luteolin and glioma were extracted from public databases, and the intersecting targets between luteolin and glioma were integrated and visualized by a Venn diagram. In addition, GO and KEGG pathway analysis was engaged in Metascape. The network of the luteolin-target-pathway was visualized by Cytoscape. Ultimately, the interactions between luteolin and predicted key targets were confirmed by Discovery studio software. According to the ADME results, luteolin shows great potential for development into a drug. 4860 glioma-associated targets and 280 targets of luteolin were identified, of which 205 were intersection targets. 6 core targets of luteolin against glioma, including AKT1, JUN, ALB, MAPK3, MAPK1, and TNF, were identified via PPI network analysis of which AKT1, JUN, ALB, MAPK1, and TNF harbor diagnostic value. The biological processes of luteolin are mainly involved in the response to inorganic substances, response to oxidative stress, and apoptotic signaling pathway. The essential pathways of luteolin against glioma involve pathways in cancer, the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, the TNF signaling pathway, and more. Meanwhile, luteolin's interaction with six core targets was verified by molecular docking simulation and its antiglioma effect was verified by in vitro experiments. This study suggests that luteolin has a promising potential for development into a drug and, moreover, it displays preventive effects against glioma by targeting various genes and pathways.
Collapse
|
24
|
Zhang YZ, Yang JY, Wu RX, Fang C, Lu H, Li HC, Li DM, Zuo HL, Ren LP, Liu XY, Xu R, Wen JH, Huang HD, Hong R, Chen QJ. Network Pharmacology-Based Identification of Key Mechanisms of Xihuang Pill in the Treatment of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Stem Cells. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:714628. [PMID: 34737698 PMCID: PMC8560791 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.714628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Xihuang pill, an approved Chinese medicine formula (state medical permit number. Z11020073), is a commonly used adjuvant drug for cancer patients in China. Xihuang pill has a satisfactory effect in treating breast cancer in clinics, especially triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), which is the most aggressive type of breast cancer, and finite effective therapies. However, the mechanism of Xihuang pill in treating TNBC remains unclear. The present study aims to explore the pharmacological mechanism of Xihuang pill in treating advanced TNBC. We identified the main chemical components of Xihuang pill by using HPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS. The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) analysis shows that serum containing Xihuang pill (XS) had no obvious killing effect on any subtype of breast cancer cells, but it inhibited mammosphere colony formation of two TNBC cell lines (4T1 and HCC1806 cells) and could enhance the inhibitory effect of paclitaxel (PTX) on the proliferation of 4T1 and HCC1806 cells when combined with PTX. Seventy-six active compounds in Xihuang pill, their 300 protein targets, and 16667 TNBC stem cell–related genes were identified. The drug–herb–active compound–target gene–disease network and enrichment analyses were constructed with 190 overlapping candidate targets. Through text mining and molecular docking, the target gene NR3C2 and its active compound naringenin were selected for further validation. According to the TCGA database, we observed that a high expression of NR3C2 promoted a higher survival probability regarding overall survival (OS). In vitro experiments indicated that naringenin presented an identical effect to XS, possibly by regulating the NR3C2 expression. Overall, this study explored the effect of Xihuang pill in treating advanced TNBC cells and showed that naringenin, which is the key active compound of Xihuang pill, could lessen the stemness of TNBC cells to produce a synergistic effect on PTX by regulating the NR3C2 gene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Zhu Zhang
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Breast Department, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Yao Yang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Rui-Xian Wu
- Breast Department, Maternal and Child, Health Hospital of Sanya, Sanya, China
| | - Chen Fang
- Breast Department, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hai Lu
- Breast Department, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hua-Chao Li
- Breast Department, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong-Mei Li
- Zhuhai Hospital of Guangdong Provincial Hospital Medicine, Zhuhai, China
| | - Hua-Li Zuo
- Warshel Institute for Computational Biology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China.,School of Life and Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China.,School of Computer Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Li-Ping Ren
- Breast Department, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Yuan Liu
- Breast Department, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui Xu
- Breast Department, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Huai Wen
- Breast Department, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hsien-Da Huang
- Warshel Institute for Computational Biology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China.,School of Life and Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ri Hong
- Breast Department, Maternal and Child, Health Hospital of Sanya, Sanya, China
| | - Qian-Jun Chen
- Breast Department, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Tan X, Gong L, Li X, Zhang X, Sun J, Luo X, Wang Q, Chen J, Xie L, Han S. Promethazine inhibits proliferation and promotes apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells by suppressing the PI3K/AKT pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 143:112174. [PMID: 34560542 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To elucidate the potential effect of promethazine on colorectal cancer (CRC) cells and the underlying mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS Targets of the drug promethazine (PMTZ) were identified by DrugBank and comparative toxicogenomic databases (CTD), and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis was performed with STRING software. The effects of PMTZ were predicted to be associated with the PI3K/AKT pathway. Cell Counting Kit 8 (CCK-8) assays were used to evaluate the effects of different concentrations of PMTZ on the proliferation of various types of CRC cells. Flow cytometry and Western blotting analyses were used to detect the degree of CRC cell apoptosis and the expression of the apoptosis-related proteins Bcl-2, Bax and caspase-3 after PMTZ treatment. The expression levels of PI3K/AKT pathway-related proteins [PI3K, AKT, phosphorylated (P)-PI3K and p-AKT] in CRC cells treated with PMTZ were analyzed by Western blotting. RESULTS PMTZ inhibited the proliferation and promoted the apoptosis of CRC cells and suppressed the activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in a dose-dependent manner. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS PMTZ may suppress the proliferation and induce the apoptosis of CRC cells by inhibiting the PI3K/ AKT signaling pathway. This study reported, for the first time, the function of PMTZ in CRC cells and the underlying mechanism and further confirmed the potential antitumor effects of phenothiazine. The combination of bioinformatics analyses and experiments provides informative evidence for the reuse of drugs and the development of new drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Tan
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shanxi 710061, PR China
| | - Liuyun Gong
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shanxi 710061, PR China
| | - Xinyue Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shanxi 710061, PR China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shanxi 710061, PR China
| | - Jiahao Sun
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shanxi 710061, PR China
| | - Xuehui Luo
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shanxi 710061, PR China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shanxi 710061, PR China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shanxi 710061, PR China
| | - Lina Xie
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shanxi 710061, PR China
| | - Suxia Han
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shanxi 710061, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Tan X, Fu J, Yuan Z, Zhu L, Fu L. ACNPD: The Database for Elucidating the Relationships Between Natural Products, Compounds, Molecular Mechanisms, and Cancer Types. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:746067. [PMID: 34497528 PMCID: PMC8419280 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.746067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Cancer is well-known as a collection of diseases of uncontrolled proliferation of cells caused by mutated genes which are generated by external or internal factors. As the mechanisms of cancer have been constantly revealed, including cell cycle, proliferation, apoptosis and so on, a series of new emerging anti-cancer drugs acting on each stage have also been developed. It is worth noting that natural products are one of the important sources for the development of anti-cancer drugs. To the best of our knowledge, there is not any database summarizing the relationships between natural products, compounds, molecular mechanisms, and cancer types. Materials and methods: Based upon published literatures and other sources, we have constructed an anti-cancer natural product database (ACNPD) (http://www.acnpd-fu.com/). The database currently contains 521 compounds, which specifically refer to natural compounds derived from traditional Chinese medicine plants (derivatives are not considered herein). And, it includes 1,593 molecular mechanisms/signaling pathways, covering 10 common cancer types, such as breast cancer, lung cancer and cervical cancer. Results: Integrating existing data sources, we have obtained a large amount of information on natural anti-cancer products, including herbal sources, regulatory targets and signaling pathways. ACNPD is a valuable online resource that illustrates the complex pharmacological relationship between natural products and human cancers. Conclusion: In summary, ACNPD is crucial for better understanding of the relationships between traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and cancer, which is not only conducive to expand the influence of TCM, but help to find more new anti-cancer drugs in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Tan
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery of Ministry of Education, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.,MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiahui Fu
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery of Ministry of Education, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhaoxin Yuan
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lingjuan Zhu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery of Ministry of Education, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Leilei Fu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Qiu H, Zhang X, Yu H, Gao R, Shi J, Shen T. Identification of potential targets of triptolide in regulating the tumor microenvironment of stomach adenocarcinoma patients using bioinformatics. Bioengineered 2021; 12:4304-4319. [PMID: 34348580 PMCID: PMC8806726 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1945522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to identify potential pharmacological targets of triptolide regulating the tumor microenvironment (TME) of stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) patients. A total of 343 STAD cases from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were assigned into high- or low-score groups applying Estimation of STromal and Immune cells in MAlignant Tumor tissues using Expression data (ESTIMATE). Hub genes were identified from differentially expressed genes (DEGs) shared by stromal- and immune-related components in the TME of STAD patients using R software. Cox regression analysis was used to identify genes significantly correlated with STAD patient survival. Triptolide target genes were predicted from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP). Top 30 genes filtered by Cytohubba from 734 DEGs were screened as hub genes. Forty-two genes were found to be at high risk for STAD prognosis. Thirty-four targets of triptolide were predicted using the TCMSP database. Importantly, C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) was identified as a potential target of triptolide associated with the TME in STAD. Analysis of survival highlighted the association between CXCR4 upregulation with STAD progression and poor prognosis. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) confirmed that genes in the CXCR4- upregulated group had significant enrichment in immune-linked pathways. Additionally, triptolide targets were found to be significantly enriched in CXCR4-related chemokine and cancer-related p53 signaling pathways. Molecular docking demonstrated a high affinity between triptolide and CXCR4. In conclusion, CXCR4 may be a therapeutic target of triptolide in the treatment of STAD patients by modulating the TME.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hairong Qiu
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaobo Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Han Yu
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Rui Gao
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianglong Shi
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Shen
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Network Pharmacology-Based Approach to Investigate the Molecular Targets of Rhubarb for Treating Cancer. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:9945633. [PMID: 34211578 PMCID: PMC8208856 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9945633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Background As a traditional Chinese medicine, rhubarb (also named Dahuang) is used to treat various diseases. Objective To explore the possible antitumor mechanism of rhubarb by using network pharmacology and molecular docking in this study. Methods Bioactive ingredients and related targets of rhubarb were obtained from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology (TCMSP) database. And the gene names corresponding to the proteins were found in the UniProt database. Then, the tumor-related targets were screened out from GeneCards and OMIM databases. Key antitumor targets of rhubarb were acquired by overlapping the above targets via the Venn diagram. The antitumor targets network of rhubarb active components was constructed by using Cytoscape 3.6.0 software. The protein interactions network was constructed using the STRING database. The GO and KEGG pathways involved in the targets were analyzed by using the DAVID database. Autodock Vina software was used to verify the molecular docking of rhubarb components and key targets. Results Through screening and analysis, 10 active ingredients and 58 antitumor prediction targets were obtained and constructed a compound-target network. The targets such as CASP3, JUN, MYC, TNF, and PTGS2 may play a crucial role. These targets are involved in cancer pathway, calcium signaling pathway, cell apoptosis, small-cell lung cancer pathway, p53 signaling pathway, and TNF signaling pathway. The docking results indicated that the rhein binding with the CASP3 showed the highest binding energy. Conclusion Based on the network pharmacology, the characteristics of multicomponent, multitarget, and multipathway of rhubarb were discussed, which provided a scientific basis for explaining the mechanism in treating cancer and new ideas for further research.
Collapse
|
29
|
Li NN, Xiang SY, Huang XX, Li YT, Luo C, Ju PJ, Xu YF, Chen JH. Network pharmacology-based exploration of therapeutic mechanism of Liu-Yu-Tang in atypical antipsychotic drug-induced metabolic syndrome. Comput Biol Med 2021; 134:104452. [PMID: 33984751 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2021.104452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is prevalent in patients receiving atypical antipsychotic drugs (AADs), but there are few effective interventions. The Traditional Chinese herbal decoction Liu-Yu-Tang (LYT) has achieved clinical improvement for AAD-induced MetS, but its pharmacological mechanism remains unclear. METHOD A network pharmacology-based method was utilized in this study. First, the TCMSP and SwissTargetPrediction database were used to acquire plasma-absorbed components and putative targets of LYT, respectively. Second, an interaction network between shared targets of LYT and MetS was constructed using STRING online tool. Topological analyses were performed to extract hub gene targets. Finally, we did a pathway analysis of gene targets using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) to find biological pathways of LYT. RESULTS We obtained 655 putative targets of LYT, 434 known targets of AADs, and 1577 MetS-related gene targets. There are 232 shared targets between LYT and MetS. Interaction network construction and topological analysis yielded 60 hub targets, of which 18 were major hub targets, among which IL-6, IL-8, TNF, PI3K, MAPK, and NF-κB (RELA) are the most important in LYT's treatment of AAD-induced MetS. Pathway enrichment analysis revealed a statistically high significance of the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications, lipid and atherosclerosis and the insulin resistance pathway. CONCLUSIONS LYT may control activities of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-8, TNF and the important signal transduction molecules PI3K, MAPKs, and NF-κB (RELA), regulating metabolic disturbance-related pathways like the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications, lipid and atherosclerosis, and the insulin resistance pathway, generating therapeutic effects for AAD-induced MetS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ning-Ning Li
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Mental Health, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, PR China
| | - Si-Ying Xiang
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Mental Health, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, PR China
| | - Xin-Xin Huang
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Mental Health, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, PR China
| | - Yu-Ting Li
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Mental Health, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, PR China
| | - Chao Luo
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Mental Health, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, PR China
| | - Pei-Jun Ju
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Mental Health, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, PR China
| | - Yi-Feng Xu
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Mental Health, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, PR China.
| | - Jian-Hua Chen
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Mental Health, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Chen J, Li LF, Hu XR, Wei F, Ma S. Network Pharmacology-Based Strategy for Elucidating the Molecular Basis Forthe Pharmacologic Effects of Licorice ( Glycyrrhiza spp.). Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:590477. [PMID: 33995004 PMCID: PMC8114075 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.590477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Licorice (Glycyrrhiza spp.) is used widely in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) due to its numerous pharmacologic effects. However, the mechanisms of action of the chemical constituents of licorice and their structure–function relationships are not fully understood. To address these points, we analyzed the chemical compounds in licorice listed in the TCM Systems Pharmacology database and TCM Integrated database. Target proteins of the compounds were predicted using Integrative Pharmacology-based Research Platform of TCM v2.0. Information on the pharmacologic effects of licorice was obtained from the 2020 Chinese Pharmacopoeia, and disease-related genes that have been linked to these effects were identified from the Encyclopedia of TCM database. Pathway analyses using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes database were carried out for target proteins, and pharmacologic networks were constructed based on drug target–disease-related gene and protein–protein interactions. A total of 451 compounds were analyzed, of which 211 were from the medicinal parts of the licorice plant. The 241 putative targets of 106 bioactive compounds in licorice comprised 52 flavonoids, 47 triterpenoids, and seven coumarins. Four distinct pharmacologic effects of licorice were defined: 61 major hubs were the putative targets of 23 compounds in heat-clearing and detoxifying effects; 68 were targets of six compounds in spleen-invigorating and qi-replenishing effects; 28 were targets of six compounds in phlegm-expulsion and cough-suppressant effects; 25 compounds were targets of six compounds in spasm-relieving and analgesic effects. The major bioactive compounds of licorice were identified by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–quadrupole time-of-flight–tandem mass spectrometry. The anti-inflammatory properties of liquiritin apioside, liquiritigenin, glycyrrhizic acid and isoliquiritin apioside were demonstrated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blot analysis. Liquiritin apioside, liquiritigenin, isoliquiritin, isoliquiritin apioside, kaempferol, and kumatakenin were the main active flavonoids, and 18α- and 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid were the main active triterpenoids of licorice. The former were associated with heat-clearing and detoxifying effects, whereas the latter were implicated in the other three pharmacologic effects. Thus, the compounds in licorice have distinct pharmacologic effects according to their chemical structure. These results provide a reference for investigating the potential of licorice in treatment of various diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Chen
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Institute for Control of Chinese Traditional Medicine and Ethnic Medicine (ICCTMEM), National Institutes for Food and Drug Control (NIFDC), Beijing, China
| | - Lin-Fu Li
- College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Ru Hu
- Institute for Control of Chinese Traditional Medicine and Ethnic Medicine (ICCTMEM), National Institutes for Food and Drug Control (NIFDC), Beijing, China
| | - Feng Wei
- Institute for Control of Chinese Traditional Medicine and Ethnic Medicine (ICCTMEM), National Institutes for Food and Drug Control (NIFDC), Beijing, China
| | - Shuangcheng Ma
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Institute for Control of Chinese Traditional Medicine and Ethnic Medicine (ICCTMEM), National Institutes for Food and Drug Control (NIFDC), Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Wang L, Yang YF, Chen L, He ZQ, Bi DY, Zhang L, Xu YW, He JC. Compound Dihuang Granule Inhibits Nigrostriatal Pathway Apoptosis in Parkinson's Disease by Suppressing the JNK/AP-1 Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:621359. [PMID: 33897417 PMCID: PMC8060647 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.621359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Compound Dihuang Granule (CDG) is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD). It has been shown to alleviate PD symptoms. However, the molecular mechanisms of its action have not been established. To establish the molecular mechanisms of CDG against PD, we used TCM network pharmacology methods to predict its molecular targets and signaling pathways, followed by experimental validation. The Core Protein protein interaction (PPI) network of the 150 intersections between CDG and PD-related genes, comprising 23 proteins, including CASP3 (caspase-3), MAPK8 (JNK), FOS (c-Fos), and JUN (c-Jun). KEGG and GO analyses revealed that apoptotic regulation and MAPK signaling pathways were significantly enriched. Since c-Jun and c-Fos are AP-1 subunits, an important downstream JNK effector, we investigated if the JNK/AP-1 pathway influences CDG against apoptosis through the nigrostriatal pathways in PD rat models. Molecular docking analysis found that the top three bioactive compounds exhibiting the highest Degree Centrality following online database and LC-MS analysis had high affinities for JNK. Experimental validation analysis showed that CDG decreased the number of rotating laps and suppressed the levels of phosphorylated c-Jun, c-Fos, and JNK, as well as the number of TUNEL positive cells and the cleaved caspase-3 level in the nigrostriatal pathway. Furthermore, CDG treatment elevated the number of TH neurons, TH expression level, and Bcl-2/Bax protein ratio in a 6-OHDA-induced PD rat. These findings are in tandem with those obtained using SP600125, a specific JNK inhibitor. In conclusion, CDG suppresses the apoptosis of the nigrostriatal pathway and relieves PD symptoms by suppressing the JNK/AP-1 signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- Department of Diagnostics of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Experiment Center, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-fang Yang
- Department of Diagnostics of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Long Chen
- Experiment Center for Science and Technology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhu-qing He
- Department of Diagnostics of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dian-yong Bi
- Department of Diagnostics of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Diagnostics of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan-wu Xu
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian-cheng He
- Department of Diagnostics of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Long C, Yang Y, Yang Y, Huang S, Zhang X, Du W, Yang D, Guo Y, Zhang L. The Exploration of Novel Pharmacophore Characteristics and Multidirectional Elucidation of Structure-Activity Relationship and Mechanism of Sesquiterpene Pyridine Alkaloids from Tripterygium Based on Computational Approaches. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2021; 2021:6676470. [PMID: 33833819 PMCID: PMC8012133 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6676470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Sesquiterpene pyridine alkaloids are a large group of highly oxygenated sesquiterpenoids, which are characterized by a macrocyclic dilactone skeleton containing 2-(carboxyalkyl) nicotinic acid and dihydro-β-agarofuran sesquiterpenoid, and are believed to be the active and less toxic components of Tripterygium. In this study, 55 sesquiterpene pyridine alkaloids from Tripterygium were subjected to identification of pharmacophore characteristics and potential targets analysis. Our results revealed that the greatest structural difference of these compounds was in the pyridine ring and the pharmacophore model-5 (Pm-05) was the best model that consisted of three features including hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA), hydrogen bond donor (HBD), and hydrophobic (HY), especially hydrophobic group located in the pyridine ring. It was proposed that 2-(carboxyalkyl) nicotinic acid part possessing a pyridine ring system was not only a pharmacologically active center but also a core of structural diversity of alkaloids from Tripterygium wilfordii. Furthermore, sesquiterpene pyridine alkaloids from Tripterygium were predicted to target multiple proteins and pathways and possibly played essential roles in the cure of Alzheimer's disease, breast cancer, Chagas disease, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). They also had other pharmacological effects, depending on the binding interactions between pyridine rings of these compounds and active cavities of the target genes platelet-activating factor receptor (PTAFR), cannabinoid receptor 1 (CNR1), cannabinoid receptor 1 (CNR2), squalene synthase (FDFT1), and heat shock protein HSP 90-alpha (HSP90AA1). Taken together, the results of this present study indicated that sesquiterpene pyridine alkaloids from Tripterygium are promising candidates that exhibit potential for development as medicine sources and need to be promoted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chengyan Long
- Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica, No. 34 Nanshan Road, Nan'an District, Chongqing 400065, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica, No. 34 Nanshan Road, Nan'an District, Chongqing 400065, China
| | - Yong Yang
- Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica, No. 34 Nanshan Road, Nan'an District, Chongqing 400065, China
| | - Sixing Huang
- Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica, No. 34 Nanshan Road, Nan'an District, Chongqing 400065, China
| | - Xiaomei Zhang
- Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica, No. 34 Nanshan Road, Nan'an District, Chongqing 400065, China
| | - Wei Du
- Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica, No. 34 Nanshan Road, Nan'an District, Chongqing 400065, China
| | - Dajian Yang
- Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica, No. 34 Nanshan Road, Nan'an District, Chongqing 400065, China
| | - Yanlei Guo
- Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica, No. 34 Nanshan Road, Nan'an District, Chongqing 400065, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica, No. 34 Nanshan Road, Nan'an District, Chongqing 400065, China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Huang SY, Yao N, He JK, Pan M, Hou ZF, Fan YM, Du A, Tao JP. In vitro Anti-parasitic Activity of Pelargonium X. asperum Essential Oil Against Toxoplasma gondii. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:616340. [PMID: 33681197 PMCID: PMC7930326 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.616340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Toxoplasmosis is a global zoonotic disease, and one-third of the human population is chronically infected by Toxoplasma gondii. Due to the limited effectiveness and prominent side effects of the existing drugs, there is a dire need for the discovery of new therapeutic options in the treatment of toxoplasmosis. In this study, five essential oils (EO) were screened for their anti-parasitic activity against T. gondii. The cytotoxicity of essential oils was evaluated using the MTT assay on human foreskin fibroblast cells. The CC50 values of Eucalyptus globulus EO, Cupressus sempervirens EO, Citrus aurantifolia EO, Melaleuca alternifolia EO, and Pelargonium X. asperum (Pa) EO were found to be 22.74, 7.25, 15.01, 6.26, and 4.77 mg/mL, respectively. Only PaEO exhibited anti-parasitic activity, and inhibited the growth of T. gondii in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, treatment with PaEO, was found to reduce the volume of T. gondii tachyzoites and make their membrane surfaces rough. These results showed that PaEO was able to inhibit the growth of T. gondii by reducing invasion, which may be due to its detrimental effect on the ability of tachyzoites to move. These findings suggest that PaEO could be a potential anti-T. gondii drug, which may facilitate the development of new and effective treatments against toxoplasmosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Si-Yang Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Na Yao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Kang He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Ming Pan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zhao-Feng Hou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Min Fan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Aifang Du
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Ping Tao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Institute of Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Rapid Identification and Systematic Mechanism of Flavonoids from Potentilla freyniana Bornm. Based on UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry and Network Pharmacology. Int J Anal Chem 2021; 2021:6619959. [PMID: 33574846 PMCID: PMC7857931 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6619959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Potentilla freyniana Bornm. (P. freyniana), belonging to the family Rosaceae, has been used as a folk medicine in China. However, as we know, the constituents and the systematic elucidation of the mechanism were not fully investigated. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a rapid method using LC-MS and network pharmacology for the detection and identification of constituents and the systematic mechanism of P. freyniana. Firstly, the flavonoids were detected and identified based on ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with Quadrupole-Exactive Focus Orbitrap MS (UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS). After that, the potential targets of those constituents were obtained by database mining. Then, the core targets were predicted by protein-protein interaction network and network analysis. Finally, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis were carried out via DAVID. This finding revealed that P. freyniana possessed 43 flavonoids (40 of them were first reported) with 23 core target genes, which are associated with PI3K-Akt, MAPK, TNF signaling pathway, and pathway in cancer. This study demonstrated the multicompound, multitarget, and multimechanism of P. freyniana, which are very beneficial to develop the further study and utilization of this plant including the material basis and quality control research.
Collapse
|
35
|
Citral and geraniol induce necrotic and apoptotic cell death on Saccharomyces cerevisiae. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 37:42. [PMID: 33547564 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-021-03011-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Essential oils and their main components, monoterpenes, have been proven to be important alternatives for the control of pathogenic and spoiling microorganisms, but the mode of action of these compounds is poorly understood. This work aimed to determine the mode of action of citral and geraniol on the model yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae using a flow cytometry approach. Exponentially growing yeast cells were treated with different concentrations of citral and geraniol for 3 h, and evaluated for cell wall susceptibility to glucanase, membrane integrity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, mitochondrial membrane potential, and metacaspase activity. Results provide strong evidence that citral and geraniol acute fungicidal activity against Saccharomyces cells involves the loss of membrane and cell wall integrity resulting in a dose-dependent apoptotic/necrotic cell death. However, yeast cells that escape this first cell membrane disruption, particularly evident on sub-lethal concentration, die by metacaspase-mediated apoptosis induced by the accumulation of intracellular ROS. The deleted mutant on the yca1 gene showed high tolerance to citral and geraniol.
Collapse
|
36
|
Tan S, Chen W, Xiang H, Kong G, Zou L, Wei L. Screening druggable targets and predicting therapeutic drugs for COVID-19 via integrated bioinformatics analysis. Genes Genomics 2021; 43:55-67. [PMID: 33428154 PMCID: PMC7797890 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-020-01021-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China, numerous research institutions have invested in the development of anti-COVID-19 vaccines and screening for efficacious drugs to manage the virus. OBJECTIVE To explore the potential targets and therapeutic drugs for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 through data mining and bioinformatics. METHODS We integrated and profoundly analyzed 10 drugs previously assessed to have promising therapeutic potential in COVID-19 management, and have been recommended for clinical trials. To explore the mechanisms by which these drugs may be involved in the treatment of COVID-19, gene-drug interactions were identified using the DGIdb database after which functional enrichment analysis, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, and miRNA-gene network construction were performed. We adopted the DGIdb database to explore the candidate drugs for COVID-19. RESULTS A total of 43 genes associated with the 10 potential COVID-19 drugs were identified. Function enrichment analysis revealed that these genes were mainly enriched in response to other invasions, toll-like receptor pathways, and they play positive roles in the production of cytokines such as IL-6, IL-8, and INF-β. TNF, TLR3, TLR7, TLR9, and CXCL10 were identified as crucial genes in COVID-19. Through the DGIdb database, we predicted 87 molecules as promising druggable molecules for managing COVID-19. CONCLUSIONS Findings from this work may provide new insights into COVID-19 mechanisms and treatments. Further, the already identified candidate drugs may improve the efficiency of pharmaceutical treatment in this rapidly evolving global situation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siyou Tan
- grid.411427.50000 0001 0089 3695Department of Anesthesiology, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, No.61 Jiefang West Road, Furong District, Changsha, 410002 Hunan China
| | - Wenyan Chen
- grid.411427.50000 0001 0089 3695Department of Anesthesiology, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, No.61 Jiefang West Road, Furong District, Changsha, 410002 Hunan China
| | - Hongxian Xiang
- grid.411427.50000 0001 0089 3695Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410002 Hunan China
| | - Gaoyin Kong
- grid.411427.50000 0001 0089 3695Department of Anesthesiology, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, No.61 Jiefang West Road, Furong District, Changsha, 410002 Hunan China ,Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology of ERAS in Hunan Province, Changsha, 410002 Hunan China
| | - Lianhong Zou
- grid.411427.50000 0001 0089 3695Hunan Provincial Institute of Emergency Medicine, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410002 Hunan China ,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Metabonomics, Changsha, 410002 Hunan China
| | - Lai Wei
- grid.411427.50000 0001 0089 3695Department of Anesthesiology, Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, No.61 Jiefang West Road, Furong District, Changsha, 410002 Hunan China ,Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology of ERAS in Hunan Province, Changsha, 410002 Hunan China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Huang Y, Lin J, Yi W, Liu Q, Cao L, Yan Y, Fu A, Huang T, Lyu Y, Huang Q, Wang J. Research on the Potential Mechanism of Gentiopicroside Against Gastric Cancer Based on Network Pharmacology. Drug Des Devel Ther 2020; 14:5109-5118. [PMID: 33262572 PMCID: PMC7700081 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s270757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer was still one of the commonly diagnosed cancer types and the third-most common cause of cancer-related death in the world. Gentiopicroside, which is extracted from the Gentianella acuta, is commonly used in both traditional treatment and modern clinical care; therefore, its anticancer effects have been attracted more attention. However, the systematic analysis of action mechanism of Gentiopicroside on gastric cancer (GC) has not yet been carried out. AIM A network pharmacology-based strategy combined with molecular docking studies and in vitro validation was employed to investigate potential targets and molecular mechanism of Gentiopicroside against GC. MATERIALS AND METHODS Potential targets of Gentiopicroside, as well as related genes of GC, were acquired from public databases. Potential targets, and signaling pathways were determined through bioinformatic analysis, including protein-protein interaction (PPI), the Gene Ontology (GO), and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). Subsequently, molecular docking and cell experiments were performed to further verify the above findings. RESULTS Our findings revealed that the anticancer activity of Gentiopicroside potentially involves 53 putative identified target genes. In addition, GO, KEGG, and network analyses revealed that these targets were associated with cell proliferation, metabolic process, and other physiological processes. Furthermore, we have proved that critical compound affected the expression of CCND1, CCNE1, p-AKT and p-P38 at protein levels. These findings provide an overview of the anticancer action of Gentiopicroside from a network perspective; meanwhile, it might also set an example for future studies of other materials used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). CONCLUSION This study comprehensively illuminated the potential targets and molecular mechanism of Gentiopicroside against GC. It also provided a promising approach to uncover the scientific basis and therapeutic mechanism of TCM treating for disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanxia Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiatong Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Weimin Yi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qinghua Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Linhui Cao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongcong Yan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Anqi Fu
- Sun Yat-Sen University Zhongshan School of Medicine, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tingxuan Huang
- Sun Yat-Sen University Zhongshan School of Medicine, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yingcheng Lyu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qihui Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Chen Z, Zheng R, Chen J, Fu C, Lin J, Wu G. Anti-inflammatory activity of Radix Angelicae biseratae in the treatment of osteoarthritis determined by systematic pharmacology and in vitro experiments. Exp Ther Med 2020; 21:5. [PMID: 33235614 PMCID: PMC7678626 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.9437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Radix Angelicae biseratae is a widely used Chinese traditional herbal medicine for osteoarthritis (OA). Its therapeutic efficacy has been confirmed in clinical practice. However, its mechanisms of action in treating OA have remained elusive. The purpose of the present study was to identify active components with good oral bioavailability and drug-like properties from Radix Angelicae biseratae through systematic pharmacology and in vitro experiments to determine targets of Radix Angelicae biseratae in the treatment of OA. The functional components of Radix Angelicae biseratae were screened from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology database based on oral bioavailability and drug-like properties. Subsequently, the databases STITCH, Open Targets Platform and DrugBank were searched and microarray analysis was performed to screen the active components of Radix Angelicae biseratae to treat OA and predict its potential target proteins. The interaction network and protein interaction network were then generated and examined, molecular docking between active components and targets was performed and the enrichment of potential target proteins was analyzed. Finally, reverse transcription-quantitative (RT-q)PCR and western blot analyses were used to verify the therapeutic effect of Radix Angelicae biseratae extract on the expression of OA-associated target proteins. The results provided eight active components in Radix Angelicae biseratae, which were firmly linked to 20 targets of OA. In combination with molecular docking and the analysis of the interaction network between components and targets, it was suggested that sitosterol was a major active component of Radix Angelicae biseratae in the treatment of OA. Protein interaction network analysis suggested that prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2), nitric oxide synthase 3 and cytochrome P450 2B6 may be critical targets for Radix Angelicae biseratae in the treatment of OA. In addition, RT-qPCR and western blot analyses suggested that Radix Angelicae biseratae extract inhibited the mRNA and protein expression of PTGS2 in degenerative articular cartilage cells in vitro, whilst other targets remain to be verified. Functional enrichment analysis indicated that Radix Angelicae biseratae confers pharmacological efficacy towards OA through exerting anti-inflammatory effects and immune regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyuan Chen
- Osteopathy Institute of Integrative Medicine, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Fujian Health College, Fuzhou, Fujian 350101, P.R. China
| | - Ruoxi Zheng
- Osteopathy Institute of Integrative Medicine, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Jun Chen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Changlong Fu
- Osteopathy Institute of Integrative Medicine, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Jie Lin
- Osteopathy Institute of Integrative Medicine, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Guangwen Wu
- Osteopathy Institute of Integrative Medicine, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China.,Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Liu Y, Ma Y, Li Z, Yang Y, Yu B, Zhang Z, Wang G. Investigation of Inhibition Effect of Gossypol-Acetic Acid on Gastric Cancer Cells Based on a Network Pharmacology Approach and Experimental Validation. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2020; 14:3615-3623. [PMID: 32982170 PMCID: PMC7489940 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s256566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the major public health problems worldwide with high morbidity and mortality. Nowadays, traditional medicine may hold promise for the treatment of cancers. Gossypol-acetic acid (GAA) is a male contraceptive agent that shows anti-tumor effects on multiple types of cancers. However, whether GAA would inhibit the progression of GC remained unclear. Methods The potential targets of GAA were predicted by the Pharmmapper software and GC-related genes were obtained from the GeneCard database. The “GC-targets-GAA” network was constructed using the Cytoscape software. The PPI analysis of intersection genes was performed using the String software. The Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses were performed using the DAVID software to explore the potential mechanism underlying the regulatory role of GAA in GC. The MTS test, plate cloning test, cell cycle and apoptosis assays were used to verify the function of GAA in GC. Results Ten hub genes related to cell cycle progression and apoptosis were identified. Many cancer-related signaling pathways were visualized by the Cytoscape software. Among them, the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway was the highest-ranked pathway. The MTS test and plate cloning test showed that GAA inhibited the proliferation of GC cells. The cell cycle and apoptosis assays showed that GAA induced G1 phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in GC cells. Conclusion Our study demonstrated the anti-tumor effect of GAA on GC through multiple targets and signaling pathways. These results provided a theoretical basis for further investigation of GAA in preclinical and clinical studies, and suggested the potential use of GAA as a novel therapeutic agent for the treatment of GC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Youqiang Liu
- The Second Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanlin Ma
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng Li
- The Second Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Yang
- The Second Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Yu
- The Second Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenya Zhang
- The Second Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, People's Republic of China
| | - Guiying Wang
- The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, People's Republic of China.,The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Pei L, Shen X, Qu K, Tan C, Zou J, Wang Y, Ping F. Exploration of the Two-Way Adjustment Mechanism of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma for Cardiovascular Diseases. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2020; 23:1100-1112. [PMID: 32436824 DOI: 10.2174/1386207323666200521120308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
AIM AND OBJECTIVE Myocardial infarction, cerebral infarction, and other diseases caused by vascular obstruction have always jeopardized human life and health. Several reports indicate that Rhei Radix et Rhizoma has a good clinical effect in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Owing to the complexity of herbal medicine, the pharmacodynamic mechanism of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma is still unclear. The objectives of this study were to explore the two-way adjustment mechanism of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma and provide a new solution for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study used data mining, reverse pharmacophore matching, network construction, GO and KEGG Analysis, and molecular docking to investigate the two-way adjustment mechanism of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma. The methods used were based on systems pharmacology and big data analysis technology. RESULTS The results suggest that Rhei Radix et Rhizoma uses a two-way adjustment of activating blood circulation, as well as blood coagulation in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. The components involved in activating blood circulation are mainly anthraquinone components. The corresponding targets are NOS2, NOS3, CALM1, and the corresponding pathways are calcium signaling pathway, VEGF signaling pathway, platelet activation, and the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. For blood coagulation, the components are mainly tannin components; the corresponding targets are F2, F10, ELANE, and the corresponding pathways are the neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, complement and coagulation cascades. CONCLUSION This study indicated that Rhei Radix et Rhizoma exerts the two-way adjustment of activating blood circulation and blood coagulation in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. It can make up for the side effects of the existing blood circulation drugs for cardiovascular disease, only activating blood circulation, and the uncontrollable large-area bleeding due to the long-term use of the drugs. This study provides a material basis for the development of new blood-activating drugs based on natural medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lishan Pei
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xia Shen
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kai Qu
- Shaanxi Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Xi' an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Conge Tan
- Basic Medical College, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Junbo Zou
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yanxia Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fan Ping
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Wang W, Wang S, Liu T, Ma Y, Huang S, Lei L, Wen A, Ding Y. Resveratrol: Multi-Targets Mechanism on Neurodegenerative Diseases Based on Network Pharmacology. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:694. [PMID: 32477148 PMCID: PMC7240052 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol is a natural polyphenol in lots of foods and traditional Chinese medicines, which has shown promising treatment for neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). However, the molecular mechanisms of its action have not been systematically studied yet. In order to elucidate the network pharmacological prospective effects of resveratrol on NDs, we assessed of pharmacokinetics (PK) properties of resveratrol, studied target prediction and network analysis, and discussed interacting pathways using a network pharmacology method. Main PK properties of resveratrol were acquired. A total of 13,612 genes related to NDs, and 138 overlapping genes were determined through matching the 175 potential targets of resveratrol with disease-associated genes. Gene Ontology (GO) function analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment were performed to obtain more in-depth understanding of resveratrol on NDs. Accordingly, nodes with high degrees were obtained according using a PPI network, and AKT1, TP53, IL6, CASP3, VEGFA, TNF, MYC, MAPK3, MAPK8, and ALB were identified as hub target genes, which showed better affinity with resveratrol in silico studies. In addition, our experimental results demonstrated that resveratrol markedly enhanced the decreased levels of Bcl-2 and significantly reduced the increased expression of Bax and Caspase-3 in hippocampal neurons induced by glutamate exposure. Western blot results confirmed that resveratrol inhibited glutamate-induced apoptosis of hippocampal neurons partly by regulating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. In conclusion, we found that resveratrol could target multiple pathways forming a systematic network with pharmacological effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, China
| | - Shengzheng Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tianlong Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Pharmacy, 940 Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Forces, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yang Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, China
| | - Shaojie Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lu Lei
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Aidong Wen
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yi Ding
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Tan X, Tang H, Gong L, Xie L, Lei Y, Luo Z, He C, Ma J, Han S. Integrating Genome-Wide Association Studies and Gene Expression Profiles With Chemical-Genes Interaction Networks to Identify Chemicals Associated With Colorectal Cancer. Front Genet 2020; 11:385. [PMID: 32391058 PMCID: PMC7193025 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and has the second highest mortality rate in global cancer. Exploring the associations between chemicals and CRC has great significance in prophylaxis and therapy of tumor diseases. This study aims to explore the relationships between CRC and environmental chemicals on genetic basis by bioinformatics analysis. The genome-wide association study (GWAS) datasets for CRC were obtained from the UK Biobank. The GWAS data for colon cancer (category C18) includes 2,581 individuals and 449,683 controls, while that of rectal cancer (category C20) includes 1,244 individuals and 451,020 controls. In addition, we derived CRC gene expression datasets from the NCBI-GEO (GSE106582). The chemicals related gene sets were acquired from the comparative toxicogenomics database (CTD). Transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS) analysis was applied to CRC GWAS summary data and calculated the expression association testing statistics by FUSION software. We performed chemicals related gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) by integrating GWAS summary data, mRNA expression profiles of CRC and the CTD chemical-gene interaction networks to identify relationships between chemicals and genes of CRC. We observed several significant correlations between chemicals and CRC. Meanwhile, we also detected 5 common chemicals between colon and rectal cancer, including methylnitronitrosoguanidine, isoniazid, PD 0325901, sulindac sulfide, and importazole. Our study performed TWAS and GSEA analysis, linked prior knowledge to newly generated data and thereby helped identifying chemicals related to tumor genes, which provides new clues for revealing the associations between environmental chemicals and cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Tan
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hanmin Tang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Liuyun Gong
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lina Xie
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yutiantian Lei
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhenzhen Luo
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chenchen He
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jinlu Ma
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Suxia Han
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Network Pharmacology Study of Heat-Clearing and Detoxifying Traditional Chinese Medicine for Alzheimer's Disease. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:7831675. [PMID: 32382304 PMCID: PMC7196989 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7831675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to explore the possible homologous mechanism of 7 frequently-used herbs for heat-clearing and detoxification in traditional Chinese medicine (HDTCM) for treating Alzheimer's disease (AD), one of the most common types of dementia, based on network pharmacology. Herbs that satisfied the criteria of containing chlorogenic acid, relating to AD and aligning with HDTCM, were simultaneously collected to determine whether they have anti-AD effect based on a survey of the literature. Herb-ingredient-target-disease networks were constructed by collecting information from the TCMSP and GeneCards public databases. The common targets of the herbs and AD were identified for conducting a Gene Ontology (GO) analyses and a Reactome pathway enrichment analysis. The results showed that PTGS1, IL-6, CASP3, and VEGFA were the predicted key gene targets. The IL-4 and IL-13 signaling pathway, the ESR-mediated signaling pathway, and the extranuclear estrogen signaling pathway were the significant pathways associated with the 7 herbs. This study revealed that the analogous anti-AD mechanism of the 7 herbs of HDTCM may be associated with anti-inflammation, which is a common effect of the chlorogenic acid and quercetin components.
Collapse
|