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Hu Z, Cheng X, Cai J, Huang C, Hu J, Liu J. Emodin alleviates cholestatic liver injury by modulating Sirt1/Fxr signaling pathways. Sci Rep 2024; 14:16756. [PMID: 39033253 PMCID: PMC11271454 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-67882-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Emodin (EMO) has the effect of anti-cholestasis induced by alpha-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT). But its mechanism is still unclear. The farnesoid X receptor (Fxr) is the master bile acid nuclear receptor. Recent studies have reported that Sirtuin 1 (Sirt1) can regulate the activities of Fxr. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the mechanism of EMO against ANIT-induced liver injury based on Sirt1/Fxr signaling pathway. The ANIT-induced cholestatic rats were used with or without EMO treatment. Serum biochemical indicators, as well as liver histopathological changes were examined. The genes expressions of Sirt1, Fxr, Shp, Bsep and Mrp2 were detected. The expressions of Sirt1, Fxr and their downstream related genes were investigated in vitro. The results showed that EMO significantly alleviated ANIT-induced liver injury in rats, and increased Sirt1, Fxr, Shp, Bsep and Mrp2 gene expression in liver, while decreased the expression of Cyp7a1. EMO significantly activated Fxr, while Sirt1 inhibitor and Sirt1 gene silencing significantly reduced Fxr activity in vitro. Collectively, EMO in the right dose has a protective effect on liver injury induced by ANIT, and the mechanism may be through activation of Fxr by Sirt1, thus regulating bile acid metabolism, and reducing bile acid load in hepatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohua Cheng
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Cai
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinfang Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jianming Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, People's Republic of China.
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He S, Chen H, Yi Y, Hou D, Fu X, Xie J, Zhang J, Liu C, Ru X, Wang J. A novel bioinformatics strategy to uncover the active ingredients and molecular mechanisms of Bai Shao in the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1406188. [PMID: 39005933 PMCID: PMC11239447 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1406188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: As a new discipline, network pharmacology has been widely used to disclose the material basis and mechanism of Traditional Chinese Medicine in recent years. However, numerous researches indicated that the material basis of TCMs identified based on network pharmacology was the mixtures of beneficial and harmful substances rather than the real material basis. In this work, taking the anti-NAFLD (non-alcoholic fatty liver disease) effect of Bai Shao (BS) as a case, we attempted to propose a novel bioinformatics strategy to uncover the material basis and mechanism of TCMs in a precise manner. Methods: In our previous studies, we have done a lot work to explore TCM-induced hepatoprotection. Here, by integrating our previous studies, we developed a novel computational pharmacology method to identify hepatoprotective ingredients from TCMs. Then the developed method was used to discover the material basis and mechanism of Bai Shao against Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by combining with the techniques of molecular network, microarray data analysis, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulation. Finally, literature verification method was utilized to validate the findings. Results: A total of 12 ingredients were found to be associated with the anti-NAFLD effect of BS, including monoterpene glucosides, flavonoids, triterpenes, and phenolic acids. Further analysis found that IL1-β, IL6, and JUN would be the key targets. Interestingly, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation analysis showed that there indeed existed strong and stable binding affinity between the active ingredients and the key targets. In addition, a total of 23 NAFLD-related KEGG pathways were enriched. The major biological processes involved by these pathways including inflammation, apoptosis, lipid metabolism, and glucose metabolism. Of note, there was a great deal of evidence available in the literature to support the findings mentioned above, indicating that our method was reliable. Discussion: In summary, the contributions of this work can be summarized as two aspects as follows. Firstly, we systematically elucidated the material basis and mechanism of BS against NAFLD from multiple perspectives. These findings further enhanced the theoretical foundation of BS on NAFLD. Secondly, a novel computational pharmacology research strategy was proposed, which would assist network pharmacology to uncover the scientific connotation TCMs in a more precise manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaibing He
- Key Laboratory of Vector Biology and Pathogen Control of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Precise Prevention and Control of Major Chronic Diseases, Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
| | - Hantao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Vector Biology and Pathogen Control of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Precise Prevention and Control of Major Chronic Diseases, Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
| | - Yanfeng Yi
- Department of Life Sciences and Health, School of Science and Engineering, Huzhou College, Huzhou, China
| | - Diandong Hou
- Key Laboratory of Vector Biology and Pathogen Control of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Precise Prevention and Control of Major Chronic Diseases, Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
| | - Xuyan Fu
- Key Laboratory of Vector Biology and Pathogen Control of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Precise Prevention and Control of Major Chronic Diseases, Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
| | - Jinlu Xie
- Key Laboratory of Vector Biology and Pathogen Control of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Precise Prevention and Control of Major Chronic Diseases, Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- XinJiang Institute of Chinese Materia Medica and Ethnodrug, Urumqi, China
| | - Chongbin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Vector Biology and Pathogen Control of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Precise Prevention and Control of Major Chronic Diseases, Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
| | - Xiaochen Ru
- Key Laboratory of Vector Biology and Pathogen Control of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Precise Prevention and Control of Major Chronic Diseases, Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
| | - Juan Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical University, Ningbo, China
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Zhang W, Wu H, Luo S, Lu X, Tan X, Wen L, Ma X, Efferth T. Molecular insights into experimental models and therapeutics for cholestasis. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 174:116594. [PMID: 38615607 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Cholestatic liver disease (CLD) is a range of conditions caused by the accumulation of bile acids (BAs) or disruptions in bile flow, which can harm the liver and bile ducts. To investigate its pathogenesis and treatment, it is essential to establish and assess experimental models of cholestasis, which have significant clinical value. However, owing to the complex pathogenesis of cholestasis, a single modelling method can merely reflect one or a few pathological mechanisms, and each method has its adaptability and limitations. We summarize the existing experimental models of cholestasis, including animal models, gene-knockout models, cell models, and organoid models. We also describe the main types of cholestatic disease simulated clinically. This review provides an overview of targeted therapy used for treating cholestasis based on the current research status of cholestasis models. In addition, we discuss the respective advantages and disadvantages of different models of cholestasis to help establish experimental models that resemble clinical disease conditions. In sum, this review not only outlines the current research with cholestasis models but also projects prospects for clinical treatment, thereby bridging basic research and practical therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hefei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Shiman Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaohua Lu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Xiyue Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Wen
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Xiao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.
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Wu H, Zhang P, Zhou J, Hu S, Hao J, Zhong Z, Yu H, Yang J, Chi J, Guo H. Paeoniflorin confers ferroptosis resistance by regulating the gut microbiota and its metabolites in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2024; 326:C724-C741. [PMID: 38223927 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00565.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is closely related to ferroptosis, a new type of cell death that mainly manifests as intracellular iron accumulation and lipid peroxidation. Paeoniflorin (PA) helps to improve impaired glucose tolerance, influences the distribution of the intestinal flora, and induces significant resistance to ferroptosis in several models. In this study, we found that PA improved cardiac dysfunction in mice with DCM by alleviating myocardial damage, resisting oxidative stress and ferroptosis, and changing the community composition and structure of the intestinal microbiota. Metabolomics analysis revealed that PA-treated fecal microbiota transplantation affected metabolites in DCM mice. Based on in vivo and in vitro experiments, 11,12-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (11,12-EET) may serve as a key contributor that mediates the cardioprotective and antiferroptotic effects of PA-treated fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in DCM mice.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study demonstrated for the first time that paeoniflorin (PA) exerts protective effects in diabetic cardiomyopathy mice by alleviating myocardial damage, resisting ferroptosis, and changing the community composition and structure of the intestinal microbiota, and 11,12-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (11,12-EET) may serve as a key contributor in its therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haowei Wu
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Peipei Zhang
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiedong Zhou
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Songqing Hu
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinjin Hao
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zuoquan Zhong
- The First Clinical Medical College, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Haijun Yu
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Juntao Yang
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jufang Chi
- Department of Cardiology, Zhuji People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Hangyuan Guo
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
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Wang Y, Tan N, Su R, Liu Z, Hu N, Dong Q. Exploring the Potential Mechanisms of Action of Gentiana Veitchiorum Hemsl. Extract in the Treatment of Cholestasis using UPLC-MS/MS, Systematic Network Pharmacology, and Molecular Docking. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2024; 27:1948-1968. [PMID: 38357941 DOI: 10.2174/0113862073275657231210055250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gentiana veitchiorum Hemsl. (GV) has a long history in Tibetan medicine for treating hepatobiliary disease cholestasis. However, the mechanisms mediating its efficacy in treating cholestasis have yet to be determined. AIM To elucidate the mechanisms of action of GV in the treatment of cholestasis, an integrated approach combining ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) analysis with network pharmacology was established. MATERIALS AND METHODS A comprehensive analysis of the chemical composition of GV was achieved by UPLC-MS/MS. Subsequently, a network pharmacology method that integrated target prediction, a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, gene set enrichment analysis, and a component- target-pathway network was established, and finally, molecular docking and experiments in vitro were conducted to verify the predicted results. RESULTS Twenty compounds that were extracted from GV were identified by UPLC-MS/MS analysis. Core proteins such as AKT1, TNF, and IL6 were obtained through screening in the Network pharmacology PPI network. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of the Genome (KEGG) pathway predicted that GV could treat cholestasis by acting on signaling pathways such as TNF/IL-17 / PI3K-Akt. Network pharmacology suggested that GV might exert a therapeutic effect on cholestasis by regulating the expression levels of inflammatory mediators, and the results were further confirmed by the subsequent construction of an LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cell model. CONCLUSIONS In this study, UPLC-MS/MS analysis, network pharmacology, and experiment validation were used to explore potential mechanisms of action of GV in the treatment of cholestasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- Medical College of Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, China
| | - Nixia Tan
- Medical College of Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, China
| | - Rong Su
- Medical College of Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, China
| | - Zhenhua Liu
- Medical College of Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, China
| | - Na Hu
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research and CAS Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Qinghai, China
| | - Qi Dong
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research and CAS Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Qinghai, China
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Fu K, Li Y, Dai S, Li Y. Exploration of the Molecular Basis of Forsythia Fruit in the Prevention and Treatment of Cholestatic Liver Injury through Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking. Nutrients 2023; 15:2065. [PMID: 37432229 DOI: 10.3390/nu15092065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Forsythia fruit, edible fruit of Forsythia suspensa (Thunb.) Vahl, which has been found to be effective in treating cholestasis. However, its key component for alleviating cholestasis has not been determined. In this study, four representative active ingredients in forsythia fruit were selected. Through network pharmacology and molecular docking technology, we tried to find the key component for its treatment of cholestasis. Furthermore, the model of cholestasis in mice was established to verify the protective effect of the key component on cholestasis. Network pharmacology and molecular docking showed that forsythoside A (FTA) is the key component of forsythia fruit in the treatment of cholestasis. In vivo experiments revealed that FTA treatment could alleviate liver injury, dysfunction, and collagen deposition induced by cholestasis in mice. At the same time, FTA treatment inhibited inflammatory factor release and fibrosis-related factor expression. In addition, FTA treatment also reduced MMP-2, TLR4, MYD88, NF-κB p65, and p-NF-κB p65 protein expression. In conclusion, FTA, a key component of forsythia fruit, alleviated liver damage and fibrosis caused by cholestasis via inhibiting the TLR4/NF-κB pathway, extracellular matrix accumulation, and inflammatory cytokine expression. The research results could provide a scientific reference for the development of forsythia fruit as a drug or functional food to prevent and treat cholestasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yanzhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Shu Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yunxia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
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Zhu F, Xiong J, Yi F, Luo E, Huang C, Li R. Albiflorin relieves cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by activating Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Histol Histopathol 2023; 38:233-245. [PMID: 36121178 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18-518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Our work aims to investigate the functions of a natural compound, Albiflorin (AF) in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. The cerebral IR models were established by OGD/R in PC12 cells and MCAO/IR in rats. The cells in a glucose-free medium were placed in an anaerobic chamber containing 95% N₂ and 5% CO₂ for 3h at 37°C, returned to a normal medium, and incubated for 24h to accomplish OGD/R. Focal cerebral ischemia was conducted by thread occlusion of the right middle cerebral artery for 2h followed by 24h reperfusion in rats. CCK-8 assay indicated that AF had no toxicity to PC12 cells. Flow cytometry, Western blot, or TUNEL showed that AF treatment reduced apoptosis of cells or rat brain tissues. qRT-PCR and ELISA showed that AF decreased IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α levels in vitro and in vivo. Elevated levels of MDA, SOD, and ROS induced by IR injury were mitigated by AF in vitro and in vivo. HE and TTC staining revealed that AF ameliorated pathological injury in MCAO/IR rats. Western blot showed that Nrf2, NQO1, and HO-1 expression was activated by AF, and ML385 treatment suppressed the inhibition effects of AF in cerebral IR injury models. Overall, AF alleviates cerebral IR injury via regulating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Pingxiang People's Hospital, Jiangxi Province, PR China
| | - Jianzhong Xiong
- Department of rehabilitation, Pingxiang People's Hospital, Jiangxi Province, PR China
| | - Fei Yi
- Department of Neurology, Pingxiang People's Hospital, Jiangxi Province, PR China
| | - Ermin Luo
- Department of Neurology, Pingxiang People's Hospital, Jiangxi Province, PR China
| | - Chun Huang
- Department of Neurology, Pingxiang People's Hospital, Jiangxi Province, PR China
| | - Runying Li
- Department of Stomatology, Pingxiang People's Hospital, Jiangxi Province, PR China.
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Yu H, Wang Y, He Z, Chen R, Dai Y, Tang Y, Chen Y. Albiflorin ameliorates mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis by PI3K/AKT/NF-κB pathway. Hum Exp Toxicol 2023; 42:9603271221145386. [PMID: 36780316 DOI: 10.1177/09603271221145386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
Background: The most common type of glomerulonephritis in China is mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) featured with mesangial cell overproliferation and inflammation, as well as fibrosis. Albiflorin (AF) is an effective composition extracted from Paeonia Alba Radix and has been administrated for various diseases. Nevertheless, there is no research reporting the effect of AF on MPGN.Purpose: Our work aims to probe into the role and possible mechanism of AF on MPGN.Research Design: We investigated the effects of AF on mesangial cell overproliferation, inflammation, and fibrosis in vitro and in vivo and identified the related signaling pathways.Study Sample: human mesangial cells (HMCs) and male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats.Data Analysis: SPSS 18.0 was used to analyze the data.Results: AF attenuated the proliferation and inflammation both in vitro and in vivo. In detail, AF decreased the ki67 expression in lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-treated HMCs and MPGN rats, and the mRNA expression or contents of inflammatory cytokines were reduced after AF treatment. The fibrosis of LPS-treated HMCs and MPGN rats was also reduced by AF. Moreover, AF effectively restrained 24 h urinary protein, improved kidney function, and mitigated dyslipidemia and pathological injury of MPGN rats. Additionally, we found that the protective effects of AF were accompanied by the blocking of PI3K/AKT/NF-κB pathway, and the inhibitory effects of AF on MPGN were reversed by insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1), the PI3K agonist.Conclusions: AF alleviates MPGN via restraining mesangial cell overproliferation, inflammation, and fibrosis via PI3K/AKT/NF-κB signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Yu
- Department of Nephrology, 74720Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Nephrology, 74720Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Zida He
- Department of Nephropathy and Rheumatology, Changshun County Medical Group Central Hospital, Changshun, China
| | - Ruixue Chen
- Department of Nephrology, 74720Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yingni Dai
- Department of Nephrology, 74720Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yingqian Tang
- Department of Nephrology, 74720Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Ye Chen
- Department of Nephrology, 74720Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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Xu JJ, Xu F, Wang W, Wang PP, Xian J, Han X, Shang MY, Liu GX, Wang X, Cai SQ. Paeoniae Radix Rubra can enhance fatty acid β-oxidation and alleviate gut microbiota disorder in α-naphthyl isothiocyanate induced cholestatic model rats. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1002922. [DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1002922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholestasis is the most destructive pathological manifestation of liver disease and available treatments are very limited. Paeoniae Radix Rubra (PRR) is an important traditional Chinese drug used to treat cholestasis. This study combined targeted metabonomics, PCR array analysis, and 16S rRNA sequencing analysis to further clarify the mechanisms of PRR in the treatment of cholestasis. PRR conspicuously reversed the elevation of fatty acids (FFA 14:0 and other 14 fatty acids) and the decrease of organic acids (pyruvic acid and citric acid) in a cholestatic model induced by α-naphthyl isothiocyanate (ANIT). Eight elevated amino acids (L-proline, etc.) and five elevated secondary bile acids (taurohyodeoxycholic acid, etc.) in model rats were also reduced by PRR. Pathway analysis revealed that PRR significantly alleviated eight pathways (β-alanine metabolism). Furthermore, we found that PRR significantly reversed the decrease of Cpt1a, Hadha, Ppara, and Slc25a20 (four genes relevant to fatty acid β-oxidation) mRNAs caused by ANIT, and PRR conspicuously decreased nine acylcarnitines (the forms of fatty acids into mitochondria for β-oxidation) that increased in model rats. These results indicate that PRR could enhance fatty acid β-oxidation, which may be the way for PRR to reduce the levels of 15 fatty acids in the serum of model rats. 16S rRNA sequencing analysis revealed that PRR alleviated gut microbiota disorders in model rats, including upregulating four genera (Coprococcus, Lactobacillus, etc.) and downregulating four genera (Bacteroides, Escherichia, etc.). As the relative abundance of these eight genera was significantly correlated with the levels of the five secondary bile acids (deoxycholic acid, taurolithocholic acid, etc.) reduced by PRR, and Bacteroides and Escherichia were reported to promote the production of secondary bile acid, we inferred that the downregulation of PRR on five secondary bile acids in model rats was inseparable from gut microbiota. Thus, the gut microbiota also might be a potential pharmacological target for the anticholestatic activity of PRR. In conclusion, we consider that the mechanisms of PRR in treating cholestasis include enhancing fatty acid β-oxidation and alleviating gut microbiota disorders.
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Zhang F, Xiao X, Li Y, Wu H, Deng X, Jiang Y, Zhang W, Wang J, Ma X, Zhao Y. Therapeutic Opportunities of GPBAR1 in Cholestatic Diseases. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:805269. [PMID: 35095513 PMCID: PMC8793736 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.805269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
GPBAR1, a transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor for bile acids, is widely expressed in multiple tissues in humans and rodents. In recent years, GPBAR1 has been thought to play an important role in bile homeostasis, metabolism and inflammation. This review specifically focuses on the function of GPBAR1 in cholestatic liver disease and summarizes the various pathways through which GPBAR1 acts in cholestatic models. GPBAR1 mainly regulates cholestasis in a holistic system of liver-gallbladder-gut formation. In the state of cholestasis, the activation of GPBAR1 could regulate liver inflammation, induce cholangiocyte regeneration to maintain the integrity of the biliary tree, control the hydrophobicity of the bile acid pool and promote the secretion of bile HCO3−. All these functions of GPBAR1 might be clear ways to protect against cholestatic diseases and liver injury. However, the characteristic of GPBAR1-mediated proliferation increases the risk of proliferation of cholangiocarcinoma in malignant transformed cholangiocytes. This dichotomous function of GPBAR1 limits its use in cholestasis. During disease treatment, simultaneous activation of GPBAR1 and FXR receptors often results in improved outcomes, and this strategy may become a crucial direction in the development of bile acid-activated receptors in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangling Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaolin Xiao
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hefei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinyu Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yinxiao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenwen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanling Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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11
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Dong Q, Chen J, Jiang YP, Zhu ZP, Zheng YF, Zhang JM, Zhang Z, Chen WQ, Sun SY, Pang L, Yan X, Liao W, Fu CM. Integrating Network Analysis and Metabolomics to Reveal Mechanism of Huaganjian Decoction in Treatment of Cholestatic Hepatic Injury. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:773957. [PMID: 35126117 PMCID: PMC8807561 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.773957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Huaganjian decoction (HGJD) was first recorded in the classic "Jing Yue Quan Shu" during the Ming dynasty, and it has been extensively applied in clinical practice to treat liver diseases for over 300 years in China. However, its bioactive constituents and relevant pharmacological mechanism are still unclear. In this study, a strategy integrating network analysis and metabolomics was applied to reveal mechanism of HGJD in treating cholestatic hepatic injury (CHI). Firstly, we observed the therapeutic effect of HGJD against CHI with an alpha-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT) induced CHI rat model. Then, we utilized UPLC-Q-Exactive MS/MS method to analyze the serum migrant compounds of HGJD in CHI rats. Based on these compounds, network analysis was conducted to screen for potential active components, and key signaling pathways interrelated to therapeutic effect of HGJD. Meanwhile, serum metabolomics was utilized to investigate the underlying metabolic mechanism of HGJD against CHI. Finally, the predicted key pathway was verified by western blot and biochemical analysis using rat liver tissue from in vivo efficacy experiment. Our results showed that HGJD significantly alleviated ANIT induced CHI. Totally, 31 compounds originated from HGJD have been identified in the serum sample. PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 signaling pathway related to GSH synthesis was demonstrated as one of the major pathways interrelated to therapeutic effect of HGJD against CHI. This research supplied a helpful strategy to determine the potential bioactive compounds and mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan-Ping Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zong-Ping Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong-Feng Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jin-Ming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wen-Qing Chen
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shi-Yi Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Lan Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin Yan
- Chengdu Institute of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wan Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Chao-Mei Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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12
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Jiang N, Zheng B, Feng Y, Yin L, Liu Y, Cao L, Zheng N, Wu S, Ding B, Huang X, Wang J, Zhan S. A pharmacokinetics-pharmacodynamics study of single-dose total glucosides of paeony capsule on reducing serum total bile acid in hepatic injury rats. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2021; 59:769-777. [PMID: 34152236 PMCID: PMC8218697 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2021.1937232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Total Glucosides of Paeony (TGP) capsule possesses various hepatoprotective activities. No study is available concerning TGP's concentration-effect relationship on hepatoprotection. OBJECTIVE To establish a pharmacokinetics-pharmacodynamics (PK-PD) modelling on TGP capsule's hepatoprotection after a single oral administration in hepatic injury rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into five groups (n = 6): control, model (hepatic injury), treated-H (2.82 g/kg), treated-M (1.41 g/kg), and treated-L (0.705 g/kg) groups. All treated groups rats were intragastrically administered a single dose. An LC-MS/MS method was applied to determine paeoniflorin (Pae) and albiflorin (Alb) in rat serum. The effects of single-dose TGP on serum alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST) and total bile acid (TBA) were evaluated in hepatic injury rats. RESULTS Single dose (2.82, 1.41, or 0.705 g/kg) TGP capsule could real-time down-regulate serum TBA but not ALT and AST in hepatic injury rats within 20 h. An inhibitory effect Sigmoid Emax of PK-PD modelling was established using Pae and Alb as PK markers and serum TBA as effect index. Pharmacodynamic parameters were calculated. For treated-H, treated-M and treated-L group, respectively, E0 were 158.1, 226.9 and 245.4 μmol/L for Pae, 146.1, 92.9 and 138.4 μmol/L for Alb, Emax were 53.0, 66.0, and 97.1 μmol/L for Pae, 117.4, 249.7 and 60.0 μmol/L for Alb, and EC50 were 9.3, 5.2 and 2.7 μg/mL for Pae, 2.3, 0.8, and 0.8 μg/mL for Alb. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Serum TBA is a sensitive effect index for TGP's single dose PK-PD modelling, and it is potential for further multi-dose studies of TGP' effect on hepatic injury. The study provides valuable information for TGP's mechanistic research and rational clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ninghua Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Bohong Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Yihan Feng
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Lei Yin
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Yuanrong Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Lujing Cao
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Ning Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Suxiang Wu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Baoyue Ding
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Xuan Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Jeffrey Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, USA
| | - Shuyu Zhan
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
- CONTACT Shuyu Zhan Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
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13
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Fu K, Wang C, Ma C, Zhou H, Li Y. The Potential Application of Chinese Medicine in Liver Diseases: A New Opportunity. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:771459. [PMID: 34803712 PMCID: PMC8600187 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.771459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver diseases have been a common challenge for people all over the world, which threatens the quality of life and safety of hundreds of millions of patients. China is a major country with liver diseases. Metabolic associated fatty liver disease, hepatitis B virus and alcoholic liver disease are the three most common liver diseases in our country, and the number of patients with liver cancer is increasing. Therefore, finding effective drugs to treat liver disease has become an urgent task. Chinese medicine (CM) has the advantages of low cost, high safety, and various biological activities, which is an important factor for the prevention and treatment of liver diseases. This review systematically summarizes the potential of CM in the treatment of liver diseases, showing that CM can alleviate liver diseases by regulating lipid metabolism, bile acid metabolism, immune function, and gut microbiota, as well as exerting anti-liver injury, anti-oxidation, and anti-hepatitis virus effects. Among them, Keap1/Nrf2, TGF-β/SMADS, p38 MAPK, NF-κB/IκBα, NF-κB-NLRP3, PI3K/Akt, TLR4-MyD88-NF-κB and IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathways are mainly involved. In conclusion, CM is very likely to be a potential candidate for liver disease treatment based on modern phytochemistry, pharmacology, and genomeproteomics, which needs more clinical trials to further clarify its importance in the treatment of liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yunxia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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14
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Luo Z, Liu Y, Han X, Yang W, Wang G, Wang J, Jiang X, Sen M, Li X, Yu G, Shi Y. Mechanism of Paeoniae Radix Alba in the Treatment of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Based on Sequential Metabolites Identification Approach, Network Pharmacology, and Binding Affinity Measurement. Front Nutr 2021; 8:677659. [PMID: 34604271 PMCID: PMC8481579 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.677659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Screening functional food ingredients (FFI) from medicinal and edible plants (MEP) has still remained a great challenge due to the complexity of MEP and its obscure function mechanisms. Herein, an integrated strategy based on sequential metabolites identification approach, network pharmacology, molecular docking, and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) analysis was proposed for quickly identifying the active constituents in MEP. First, the sequential biotransformation process of MEP, including intestinal absorption and metabolism, and hepatic metabolism, was investigated by oral gavage, and intestinal perfusion with venous sampling method. Then the blood samples were analyzed by UPLC-Q Exactive Orbitrap HRMS. Second, the network pharmacology approach was used to explore the potential targets and possible mechanisms of the in vivo metabolites of MEP. Third, molecular docking and SPR approaches were used to verify the specific interactions between protein targets and representative ingredients. The proposed integrated strategy was successfully used to explore the heptoprotective components and the underlying molecular mechanism of Paeoniae Radix Alba (PRA). A total of 44 compounds were identified in blood samples, including 17 porotypes and 27 metabolites. The associated metabolic pathways were oxidation, methylation, sulfation, and glucuronidation. After further screening, 31 bioactive candidates and 377 related targets were obtained. In addition, the bioactive components contained in PRA may have therapeutic potentials for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The above results demonstrated the proposed strategy may provide a feasible tool for screening FFI and elaborating the complex function mechanisms of MEP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Luo
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xing Han
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenning Yang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Guopeng Wang
- Zhongcai Health (Beijing) Biological Technology Development Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoquan Jiang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Muli Sen
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xueyan Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Guohua Yu
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Shi
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen Research Institute, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
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15
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Eteghadi MR, Nasehi M, Vaseghi S, Hesami-Tackallou S. The effect of Crocin on TFAM and PGC-1α expression and Catalase and Superoxide dismutase activities following cholestasis-induced neuroinflammation in the striatum of male Wistar rats. Metab Brain Dis 2021; 36:1791-1801. [PMID: 34019207 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-021-00748-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Bile secretion is a physiological function that is disrupted following Bile Duct Ligation (BDL) and induces cholestasis. Cholestasis is a bile flow reduction that induces apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation, and alters the expression of genes. Evidence shows the relationship between cholestasis and neuroinflammation. Cholestasis via attenuating mitochondrial biogenesis and anti-oxidant activity can induce neuroinflammation and apoptosis. Mitochondrial transcriptional factor A (TFAM) and Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) are involved in mitochondrial biogenesis, and TFAM, PGC-1α, Catalase (CAT), and Superoxide dismutase (SOD) have a role in upregulating antioxidant pathways. On the other hand, many studies have shown the neuroprotective effects of Crocin, the water-soluble carotenoid of Saffron (Crocus sativus L.). In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of Crocin on the level of TFAM, PGC-1α, CAT, and SOD following cholestasis-induced neuroinflammation in the rat's striatum. Cholestasis was induced by BDL surgery and administration of Crocin was intraperitoneal, at the dose of 30 mg/kg every day, 24 h after BDL surgery up to thirty days. The results showed that TFAM, PGC-1α, and SOD were decreased following cholestasis; while, CAT was increased. In addition, Crocin restored the effects of cholestasis on the level of TFAM, PGC-1α, and SOD. In conclusion, Crocin may have improvement effects on cholestasis-induced neuroinflammation in the rat's striatum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad-Reza Eteghadi
- Department of Biology, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, P.O. Box 13145-784, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Nasehi
- Cognitive and Neuroscience Research Center (CNRC), Amir-Almomenin Hospital, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Salar Vaseghi
- Cognitive and Neuroscience Research Center (CNRC), Amir-Almomenin Hospital, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute for Cognitive Science Studies (ICSS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Hesami-Tackallou
- Department of Biology, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, P.O. Box 13145-784, Tehran, Iran.
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16
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Oxypaeoniflorin Prevents Acute Lung Injury Induced by Lipopolysaccharide through the PTEN/AKT Pathway in a Sirt1-Dependent Manner. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6878026. [PMID: 34394832 PMCID: PMC8357472 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6878026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is featured by pulmonary edema, alveolar barrier injury, inflammatory response, and oxidative stress. The activation of Sirt1 could relieve lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) induced murine ALI by maintaining pulmonary epithelial barrier function. Oxypaeoniflorin (Oxy) serves as a major component of Paeonia lactiflora Pall., exerting cardioprotection by activating Sirt1. However, the role of Oxy in ALI induced by LPS remains unclear. The aim of the present study is to illustrate the modulatory effects and molecular mechanisms by which Oxy operates in ALI induced by LPS. The intraperitoneal injection of LPS was performed to establish the murine ALI model while LPS-treated alveolar epithelial cells were used to mimic the in vitro ALI model. Levels of lung injury, oxidative stress, and inflammatory response were detected to observe the potential effects of Oxy on ALI. Oxy treatment mitigated lung edema, inflammatory response, and oxidative stress in mouse response to LPS, apart from improving 7-day survival. Meanwhile, Oxy also increased the expression and activity of Sirt1. Intriguingly, Sirt1 deficiency or inhibition counteracted the protective effects of Oxy treatment in LPS-treated mice or LPS-treated alveolar epithelial cells by regulating the PTEN/AKT signaling pathway. These results demonstrated that Oxy could combat ALI in vivo and in vitro through inhibiting inflammatory response and oxidative stress in a Sirt1-dependent manner. Oxy owns the potential to be a promising candidate against ALI.
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17
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Liu P, Chen J, Ma S, Zhang J, Zhou J. Albiflorin Attenuates Mood Disorders Under Neuropathic Pain State by Suppressing the Hippocampal NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation During Chronic Constriction Injury. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2020; 24:64-76. [PMID: 33000169 PMCID: PMC7816674 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyaa076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuropathic pain is a multifaceted and ubiquitous disease across the globe. Mood disorders, such as anxiety and depression, are frequently observed in patients suffering from neuropathic pain. Both neuropathic pain and comorbid mood disorders seriously impact quality of life. Accumulated evidence shows that activation of the NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is involved in the neuroinflammatory pathogenesis of neuropathic pain, anxiety, and depression. However, the role of the NLRP3 inflammasome in the pathological process of anxiety and depression under the neuropathic pain state has not been fully described. Albiflorin, a monoterpene glycoside, may be a potential regulator of the NLRP3 inflammasome, but it is not clear whether albiflorin relates to NLRP3 inflammasome activation. METHODS We used a systematic pharmacological method to confirm whether the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in the hippocampus was involved in the development of neuropathic pain associated with mood disorders and whether albiflorin could be an effective treatment for these symptoms. RESULTS The NLRP3 inflammasome contributed to the neuropathic pain and comorbid anxiety and depression-like behaviors induced by chronic constriction injury of the sciatic nerve, and albiflorin may relieve these symptoms via inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome activity. Moreover, albiflorin enhanced the translocation of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 into the nucleus and suppressed nuclear factor-kappa B activity in the hippocampus. CONCLUSIONS Albiflorin, as a potential therapeutic agent, might greatly improve the overall symptoms of neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Liu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Research and Development for Chinese Medicine, Chengde Medical University, Hebei, Chengde, China
| | - Jianjun Chen
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Research and Development for Chinese Medicine, Chengde Medical University, Hebei, Chengde, China
| | - Shuai Ma
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Research and Development for Chinese Medicine, Chengde Medical University, Hebei, Chengde, China
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jianyu Zhou
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Research and Development for Chinese Medicine, Chengde Medical University, Hebei, Chengde, China,Correspondence: Jianyu Zhou, PhD, Hebei Key Laboratory of Research and Development for Chinese Medicine, Chengde Medical University, Anyuan Road, Shuangqiao District, Chengde 067000, Hebei, China ()
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18
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Shearn CT, Fennimore B, Orlicky DJ, Gao YR, Saba LM, Battista KD, Aivazidis S, Assiri M, Harris PS, Michel C, Merrill GF, Schmidt EE, Colgan SP, Petersen DR. Cholestatic liver disease results increased production of reactive aldehydes and an atypical periportal hepatic antioxidant response. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 143:101-114. [PMID: 31377417 PMCID: PMC6848778 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Cholangiopathies such as primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) are chronic liver diseases characterized by increased cholestasis, biliary inflammation and oxidative stress. The objective of this study was to elucidate the impact of cholestatic injury on oxidative stress-related factors. Using hepatic tissue and whole cell liver extracts (LE) isolated from 11-week old C57BL/6J (WT) and Mdr2KO mice, inflammation and oxidative stress was assessed. Concurrently, specific targets of carbonylation were assessed in LE prepared from murine groups as well as from normal and human patients with end-stage PSC. Identified carbonylated proteins were further evaluated using bioinformatics analyses. Picrosirius red staining revealed extensive fibrosis in Mdr2KO liver, and fibrosis colocalized with increased periportal inflammatory cells and both acrolein and 4-HNE staining. Western blot analysis revealed elevated periportal expression of antioxidant proteins Cbr3, GSTμ, Prdx5, TrxR1 and HO-1 but not GCLC, GSTπ or catalase in the Mdr2KO group when compared to WT. From immunohistochemical analysis, increased periportal reactive aldehyde production colocalized with elevated staining of Cbr3, GSTμ and TrxR1 but surprisingly not with Nrf2. Mass spectrometric analysis revealed an increase in carbonylated proteins in the Mdr2KO and PSC groups compared to respective controls. Gene ontology and KEGG pathway analysis of carbonylated proteins revealed a propensity for increased carbonylation of proteins broadly involved in metabolic processes as well more specifically in Rab-mediated signal transduction, lysosomes and the large ribosomal subunit in human PSC. Western blot analysis of Rab-GTPase expression revealed no significant differences in Mdr2KO mice when compared to WT livers. In contrast, PSC tissue exhibited decreased levels of Rabs 4, 5 and increased abundance of Rabs 6 and 9a protein. Results herein reveal that cholestasis induces stage-dependent increases in periportal oxidative stress responses and protein carbonylation, potentially contributing to pathogenesis in Mdr2KO. Furthermore, during early stage cholestasis, there is cell-specific upregulation of some but not all, antioxidant proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin T Shearn
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, United States.
| | - Blair Fennimore
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, United States
| | - David J Orlicky
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, United States
| | - Yue R Gao
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, United States
| | - Laura M Saba
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, United States
| | - Kayla D Battista
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, United States
| | - Stefanos Aivazidis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, United States
| | - Mohammed Assiri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, United States
| | - Peter S Harris
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, United States
| | - Cole Michel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, United States
| | - Gary F Merrill
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Oregon State University, Corvalis, OR, 97331, United States
| | - Edward E Schmidt
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, United States
| | - Sean P Colgan
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, United States
| | - Dennis R Petersen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, United States
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19
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Li Y, Yu H, Xu Z, Shi S, Wang D, Shi X, Wang Y, Zeng B, Deng H, Deng X, Zhong X. Melatonin ameliorates ANIT‑induced cholestasis by activating Nrf2 through a PI3K/Akt‑dependent pathway in rats. Mol Med Rep 2018; 19:1185-1193. [PMID: 30569102 PMCID: PMC6323259 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholestasis is a devastating liver condition which is increasing in prevalence worldwide; however, its underlying pathogenic mechanisms remain to be fully elucidated. It was hypothesised that melatonin may alleviate the hepatic injury associated with cholestasis due to its established antioxidant effects. Therefore, the effect and potential anticholestatic properties of melatonin were investigated in rats with α-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT)-induced liver injury, a common animal model that mimics the cholestasis-associated liver injury in humans. The rats received intraperitoneal injection of ANIT with or without subsequent treatment with melatonin, and were sacrificed 24 h later. The serum biochemistry parameters of the liver were measured using conventional laboratory assays, and the liver tissue was subjected to conventional histological examination, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis and western blotting. The levels of alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, total bile acids, alkaline phosphatase, γ-glutamyl transferase and glutathione were restored in rats treated with melatonin. Histological examination provided further evidence supporting the protective effect of melatonin against ANIT-induced cholestasis. In addition, the mRNA and protein expression levels of glutamate cysteine ligase, phosphorylated Akt and nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor-2 were restored in rats treated with melatonin. These findings indicate that melatonin is a natural agent that appears to be promising for the treatment of cholestasis, and that the anticholestatic effects of melatonin involve the alleviation of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunzhou Li
- Synopsis of Golden Chamber Department, Chinese Medicine College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Chaoyang, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Han Yu
- Synopsis of Golden Chamber Department, Chinese Medicine College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Chaoyang, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Zongying Xu
- Synopsis of Golden Chamber Department, Chinese Medicine College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Chaoyang, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Shaohua Shi
- Synopsis of Golden Chamber Department, Chinese Medicine College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Chaoyang, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Dingnan Wang
- Synopsis of Golden Chamber Department, Chinese Medicine College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Chaoyang, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Xinghua Shi
- Department of Pharmacology, Chinese Medicine College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Chaoyang, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Yuchen Wang
- Synopsis of Golden Chamber Department, Chinese Medicine College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Chaoyang, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Baihui Zeng
- Synopsis of Golden Chamber Department, Chinese Medicine College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Chaoyang, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Huifang Deng
- Synopsis of Golden Chamber Department, Chinese Medicine College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Chaoyang, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Xiulan Deng
- Department of Pharmacology, Chinese Medicine College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Chaoyang, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Xianggen Zhong
- Synopsis of Golden Chamber Department, Chinese Medicine College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Chaoyang, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
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Zhao ZX, Fu J, Ma SR, Peng R, Yu JB, Cong L, Pan LB, Zhang ZG, Tian H, Che CT, Wang Y, Jiang JD. Gut-brain axis metabolic pathway regulates antidepressant efficacy of albiflorin. Theranostics 2018; 8:5945-5959. [PMID: 30613273 PMCID: PMC6299426 DOI: 10.7150/thno.28068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota is increasingly recognized to influence brain function through the gut-brain axis. Albiflorin, an antidepressant natural drug in China with a good safety profile, is difficult to absorb and cannot be detected in the brain after oral administration. Accordingly, the antidepressant mechanism of albiflorin in vivo has not been elucidated clearly. Methods: We identified benzoic acid as the characteristic metabolite of albiflorin in vivo and in vitro, then discovered the roles of gut microbiota in the conversion of albiflorin by carboxylesterase. Pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic studies were performed for the antidepressant activities of albiflorin in animals, and the efficacy of benzoic acid in inhibiting D-amino acid oxidase (DAAO) in brain was further investigated. Results: We validated that gut microbiota transformed albiflorin to benzoic acid, a key metabolite in the intestine that could cross the blood-brain barrier and, as an inhibitor of DAAO in the brain, improved brain function and exerted antidepressant activity in vivo. Intestinal carboxylesterase was the crucial enzyme that generated benzoic acid from albiflorin. Additionally, the regulatory effect of albiflorin on the gut microbiota composition was beneficial to alleviate depression. Conclusion: Our findings suggest a novel gut-brain dialogue through intestinal benzoic acid for the treatment of depression and reveal that the gut microbiota may play a causal role in the pathogenesis and treatment of the central nervous system disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Xiong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences / Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jie Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences / Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Shu-Rong Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences / Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Ran Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences / Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jin-Bo Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences / Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Lin Cong
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences / Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Li-Bin Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences / Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | | | - Hui Tian
- Beijing WONNER Biotech. Co. Ltd, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Chun-Tao Che
- College of Pharmacy, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago 60607, United States
| | - Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences / Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jian-Dong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences / Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
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21
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Yu L, Liu X, Yuan Z, Li X, Yang H, Yuan Z, Sun L, Zhang L, Jiang Z. SRT1720 Alleviates ANIT-Induced Cholestasis in a Mouse Model. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:256. [PMID: 28553227 PMCID: PMC5425580 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Intrahepatic cholestasis is a kind of clinical syndrome along with hepatotoxicity which caused by intrahepatic and systemic accumulations of bile acid. There are several crucial generating factors of the pathogenesis of cholestasis, such as inflammation, dysregulation of bile acid transporters and oxidative stress. SIRT1 is regarded as a class III histone deacetylase (HDAC). According to a set of researches, SIRT1 is one of the most important factors which can regulate the hepatic bile acid metabolism. SRT1720 is a kind of activator of SIRT1 which is 1000 times more potent than resveratrol, and this paper is aimed to study its protective influence on hepatotoxicity and cholestasis induced by alpha-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT) in mice. The findings revealed that SRT1720 treatment increased FXR and Nrf2 gene expressions to shield against hepatotoxicity and cholestasis induced by ANIT. The mRNA levels of hepatic bile acid transporters were also altered by SRT1720. Furthermore, SRT1720 enhanced the antioxidative system by increasing Nrf2, SOD, GCLc, GCLm, Nqo1, and HO-1 gene expressions. In conclusion, a protective influence could be provided by SRT1720 to cure ANIT-induced hepatotoxicity and cholestasis, which was partly through FXR and Nrf2 activations. These results indicated that SIRT1 could be regarded as a therapeutic target to cure the cholestasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linxi Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Xiaoxin Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Zihang Yuan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Xiaojiaoyang Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Hang Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Ziqiao Yuan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Lixin Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Luyong Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing, China.,Jiangsu Center for Pharmacodynamics Research and Evaluation, China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Zhengzhou Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, China Pharmaceutical University - Ministry of EducationNanjing, China
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22
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Salvianolic Acid B Prevents Iodinated Contrast Media-Induced Acute Renal Injury in Rats via the PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:7079487. [PMID: 27382429 PMCID: PMC4921628 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7079487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Revised: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Contrast-induced acute renal injury (CI-AKI) has become a common cause of hospital-acquired renal failure. However, the development of prophylaxis strategies and approved therapies for CI-AKI is limited. Salvianolic acid B (SB) can treat cardiovascular-related diseases. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of SB on prevention of CI-AKI and explore its underlying mechanisms. We examined its effectiveness of preventing renal injury in a novel CI-AKI rat model. Compared with saline, intravenous SB pretreatment significantly attenuated elevations in serum creatinine and the histological changes of renal tubular injuries, reduced the number of apoptosis-positive tubular cells, activated Nrf2, and lowered the levels of renal oxidative stress induced by iodinated contrast media. The above renoprotection of SB was abolished by the PI3K inhibitor (wortmannin). In HK-2 cells, SB activated Nrf2 and decreased the levels of oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide and subsequently improved cell viability. The above cytoprotection of SB was blocked by the PI3K inhibitor (wortmannin) or siNrf2. Thus, our results demonstrate that, due to its antioxidant properties, SB has the potential to effectively prevent CI-AKI via the PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 pathway.
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Han F, Zhou D, Yin X, Sun Z, Han J, Ye L, Zhao W, Zhang Y, Wang Z, Zheng L. Paeoniflorin protects diabetic mice against myocardial ischemic injury via the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1/calcitonin gene-related peptide pathway. Cell Biosci 2016; 6:37. [PMID: 27252827 PMCID: PMC4888521 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-016-0085-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetes mellitus has multiple complications including neuropathy and increases cardiovascular events. Paeoniflorin (PF), a monoterpene glycoside, plays an essential role in neuroprotection and ischemic heart disease. In this study, we aimed to investigate the hypothesis that PF protects mice with diabetes mellitus against myocardial ischemic injury, and determine its associated mechanisms. Results Myocardial infarction (MI) was generated in the streptozotocin-mediated diabetic mice, which were pretreated with either vehicle or PF, respectively. Myocardial infarct size, myocardial enzyme, cardiac function, circulating calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) concentration, histological analysis and the expression of associated molecules were determined and compared among different experimental groups. Compared to diabetic hearts pretreated with vehicle, hearts pretreated with PF exhibited less tissue damage and better CGRP concentration in serum when subjected to myocardial ischemia. Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1(TRPV1) gene knockout attenuated PF-mediated cardioprotection. Moreover, a specific Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMK) inhibitor, KN-93, increased tissue damage and decreased CGRP activity in serum. Meanwhile, pretreated with PF increased the phosphorylation of cAMP response element binding protein (CREB). Conclusions Taken together, these findings demonstrate that PF protects diabetic mice against MI at least partially via the TRPV1/CaMK/CREB/CGRP signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Han
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003 China
| | - Dongchen Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003 China
| | - Xiang Yin
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003 China
| | - Zewei Sun
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003 China
| | - Jie Han
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003 China
| | - Lifang Ye
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003 China
| | - Wengting Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003 China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003 China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003 China
| | - Liangrong Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003 China
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Ma X, Chi YH, Niu M, Zhu Y, Zhao YL, Chen Z, Wang JB, Zhang CE, Li JY, Wang LF, Gong M, Wei SZ, Chen C, Zhang L, Wu MQ, Xiao XH. Metabolomics Coupled with Multivariate Data and Pathway Analysis on Potential Biomarkers in Cholestasis and Intervention Effect of Paeonia lactiflora Pall. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:14. [PMID: 26869930 PMCID: PMC4740759 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The dried root of Paeonia lactiflora Pall. (PLP) is a classical Chinese herbal medicine that has been used to treat hepatic disease for 1000s of years. Our previous work suggested that PLP can be used to treat hepatitis with severe cholestasis. This study explored the mechanism by which PLP affects ANIT-induced cholestasis in rats using a metabolomics approach. Methods: The effects of PLP on serum indices (TBIL, DBIL, AST, ALT, ALP, and TBA) and the histopathology of the liver were analyzed. Moreover, UHPLC-Q-TOF was performed to identify the possible effect of PLP on metabolites. The pathway analysis was conducted to illustrate the pathways and network by which PLP treats cholestasis. Result: High-dose PLP remarkably down-regulated the serum indices and alleviated histological damage to the liver. Metabolomics analyses showed that the therapeutic effect of high-dose PLP is mainly associated with the regulation of several metabolites, such as glycocholic acid, taurocholic acid, glycochenodeoxycholic acid, L(D)-arginine, and L-tryptophan. A pathway analysis showed that the metabolites were related to bile acid secretion and amino acid metabolism. In addition, the significant changes in bile acid transporters also indicated that bile acid metabolism might be involved in the therapeutic effect of PLP on cholestasis. Moreover, a principal component analysis indicated that the metabolites in the high-dose PLP group were closer to those of the control, whereas those of the moderate dose or low-dose PLP group were closer to those of the ANIT group. This finding indicated that metabolites may be responsible for the differences between the effects of low-dose and moderate-dose PLP. Conclusion: The therapeutic effect of high-dose PLP on cholestasis is possibly related to regulation of bile acid secretion and amino acid metabolism. Moreover, these findings may help better understand the mechanisms of disease and provide a potential therapy for cholestasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, 302 Military Hospital of ChinaBeijing, China; Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengdu, China
| | - Yong-Hui Chi
- Cardiology Department, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University Beijing, China
| | - Ming Niu
- China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, 302 Military Hospital of China Beijing, China
| | - Yun Zhu
- Department of Integrative Medical Center, 302 Military Hospital of China Beijing, China
| | - Yan-Ling Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, 302 Military Hospital of China Beijing, China
| | - Zhe Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, 302 Military Hospital of ChinaBeijing, China; Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengdu, China
| | - Jia-Bo Wang
- China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, 302 Military Hospital of China Beijing, China
| | - Cong-En Zhang
- Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengdu, China; China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, 302 Military Hospital of ChinaBeijing, China
| | - Jian-Yu Li
- Department of Integrative Medical Center, 302 Military Hospital of China Beijing, China
| | - Li-Fu Wang
- Department of Integrative Medical Center, 302 Military Hospital of China Beijing, China
| | - Man Gong
- Department of Integrative Medical Center, 302 Military Hospital of China Beijing, China
| | - Shi-Zhang Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, 302 Military Hospital of ChinaBeijing, China; Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengdu, China
| | - Chang Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, 302 Military Hospital of ChinaBeijing, China; Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengdu, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, 302 Military Hospital of ChinaBeijing, China; Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengdu, China
| | - Ming-Quan Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, 302 Military Hospital of ChinaBeijing, China; Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengdu, China
| | - Xiao-He Xiao
- China Military Institute of Chinese Medicine, 302 Military Hospital of China Beijing, China
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