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Khezri MR, Pashaei MR, Ghasemnejad-Berenji M, Ghasemnejad-Berenji H. Sitagliptin exhibits protective effects against methotrexate-induced testicular toxicity: The involvement of oxidative stress-related factors. Reprod Toxicol 2024; 129:108672. [PMID: 39043351 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2024.108672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 07/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
Methotrexate (MTX) is widely prescribed to treat different malignancies as well as autoimmune diseases. However, it causes a range of side effects in different organs such as testis. This study aims to clarify the role of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) in MTX-induced testicular damage via pathways involved in oxidative stress and evaluates the protective effects of sitagliptin as a DPP4 inhibitor. Twenty-four animals randomly allocated into four groups including: (I) control, (II) MTX (20 mg/kg, i.p.), (III) sitagliptin (20 mg/kg, i.p., for four consecutive days), and MTX + sitagliptin in which received chemicals resembling group II and III. Histopathological examinations conducted to assess the structural changes in testes of different experimental groups. Also, ELISA method employed to investigate the levels of DPP4, AKT, p-AKT, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). In addition, the total malondialdehyde (MDA) content and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) were assessed. The results indicated that MTX administration was accompanied with testicular damage, which reversed by sitagliptin treatment. The biochemical observations demonstrated that MTX markedly increased the levels of DPP4, decreased p-AKT/AKT ratio followed by a marked decrement in Nrf2 and HO-1 levels. Also, it was observed that MTX decreased the activity of SOD and increased total MDA content in testicular specimen. However, sitagliptin treatment diminished mentioned alterations effectively. Altogether, our findings supported the possible role of DPP4 in MTX-induced testicular toxicity along with the potential protective features of sitagliptin via suppressing of the histopathological and biochemical alterations induced by MTX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Rafi Khezri
- Reproductive Health Research Center, Clinical Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Pashaei
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Morteza Ghasemnejad-Berenji
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran; Research Center for Experimental and Applied Pharmaceutical Sciences, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Hojat Ghasemnejad-Berenji
- Reproductive Health Research Center, Clinical Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
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2
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Eltahir HM, Elbadawy HM, Almikhlafi MA, Alalawi AM, Aldhafiri AJ, Alahmadi YM, Al thagfan SS, Albadrani M, M Eweda S, Abouzied MM. Sitagliptin ameliorates L-arginine-induced acute pancreatitis via modulating inflammatory cytokines expression and combating oxidative stress. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1389670. [PMID: 38910880 PMCID: PMC11190672 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1389670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an inflammatory condition that resolves spontaneously, but occasionally, develops into systemic inflammation, organ failure and mortality. Oxidative stress and activation of inflammatory pathways represent major players in AP pathogenesis. Current management of AP relies on attenuating injuries to the pancreas and putting the inflammatory process under control. In this study, we investigated the role of sitagliptin in modulating L-arginine-induced AP in rats. Methods Swiss rats were subdivided into a healthy control group, AP group (a single dose of L-arginine 250 mg/100 g, intraperitoneal), and sitagliptin + L-arginine-treated group (10 mg sitagliptin/kg body weight/day, orally). Sitagliptin treatment started 1 hour after L-arginine injection and continued for 3days. Biochemical and histopathological investigations were performed on serum and tissue samples collected from test animals. Results L-arginine increased pancreatic meyloperoxidase and serum amylase- and lipase activities and serum levels of TNF-α, LT-α, IFN-γ, IL-1α/β, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, and IL-15. AP animals showed elevated MDA and NO and decreased GSH and serum calcium levels. Histopathological changes were observed by H&E staining. Sitagliptin treatment significantly ameliorated these biochemical and histological changes diminishing the signs of AP. Conclusion Sitagliptin treatment was effective in ameliorating L-arginine-induced AP which can be regarded to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba M. Eltahir
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (Biochemistry Subdivision), College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hossein M. Elbadawy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohannad A. Almikhlafi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali M. Alalawi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed J. Aldhafiri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yaser M. Alahmadi
- Department of Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan S. Al thagfan
- Department of Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muayad Albadrani
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saber M Eweda
- 5Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mekky M. Abouzied
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (Biochemistry Subdivision), College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
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3
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Garmaa G, Bunduc S, Kói T, Hegyi P, Csupor D, Ganbat D, Dembrovszky F, Meznerics FA, Nasirzadeh A, Barbagallo C, Kökény G. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of microRNA Profiling Studies in Chronic Kidney Diseases. Noncoding RNA 2024; 10:30. [PMID: 38804362 PMCID: PMC11130806 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna10030030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) represents an increasing health burden. Evidence suggests the importance of miRNA in diagnosing CKD, yet the reports are inconsistent. This study aimed to determine novel miRNA biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets from hypothesis-free miRNA profiling studies in human and murine CKDs. Comprehensive literature searches were conducted on five databases. Subgroup analyses of kidney diseases, sample types, disease stages, and species were conducted. A total of 38 human and 12 murine eligible studies were analyzed using Robust Rank Aggregation (RRA) and vote-counting analyses. Gene set enrichment analyses of miRNA signatures in each kidney disease were conducted using DIANA-miRPath v4.0 and MIENTURNET. As a result, top target genes, Gene Ontology terms, the interaction network between miRNA and target genes, and molecular pathways in each kidney disease were identified. According to vote-counting analysis, 145 miRNAs were dysregulated in human kidney diseases, and 32 were dysregulated in murine CKD models. By RRA, miR-26a-5p was significantly reduced in the kidney tissue of Lupus nephritis (LN), while miR-107 was decreased in LN patients' blood samples. In both species, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, Notch, mTOR signaling, apoptosis, G2/M checkpoint, and hypoxia were the most enriched pathways. These miRNA signatures and their target genes must be validated in large patient cohort studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gantsetseg Garmaa
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4, 1089 Budapest, Hungary; (G.G.); (A.N.)
- Center for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (S.B.); (T.K.); (P.H.); (D.C.); (F.D.); (F.A.M.)
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulan-Bator 14210, Mongolia;
| | - Stefania Bunduc
- Center for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (S.B.); (T.K.); (P.H.); (D.C.); (F.D.); (F.A.M.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dionisie Lupu Street 37, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- Fundeni Clinical Institute, Fundeni Street 258, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
- Division of Pancreatic Diseases, Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Baross út 22-24, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás Kói
- Center for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (S.B.); (T.K.); (P.H.); (D.C.); (F.D.); (F.A.M.)
- Department of Stochastics, Institute of Mathematics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3, 1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Hegyi
- Center for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (S.B.); (T.K.); (P.H.); (D.C.); (F.D.); (F.A.M.)
- Division of Pancreatic Diseases, Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Baross út 22-24, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Dezső Csupor
- Center for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (S.B.); (T.K.); (P.H.); (D.C.); (F.D.); (F.A.M.)
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Szeged, Szikra utca 8, 6725 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Dariimaa Ganbat
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulan-Bator 14210, Mongolia;
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, Tokyo 107-840, Japan
| | - Fanni Dembrovszky
- Center for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (S.B.); (T.K.); (P.H.); (D.C.); (F.D.); (F.A.M.)
- Division of Pancreatic Diseases, Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Baross út 22-24, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Fanni Adél Meznerics
- Center for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; (S.B.); (T.K.); (P.H.); (D.C.); (F.D.); (F.A.M.)
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology, Semmelweis University, Mária utca 41, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ailar Nasirzadeh
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4, 1089 Budapest, Hungary; (G.G.); (A.N.)
| | - Cristina Barbagallo
- Section of Biology and Genetics “G. Sichel”, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - Gábor Kökény
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4, 1089 Budapest, Hungary; (G.G.); (A.N.)
- International Nephrology Research and Training Center, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4, 1089 Budapest, Hungary
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Dong J, Liu M, Bian Y, Zhang W, Yuan C, Wang D, Zhou Z, Li Y, Shi Y. MicroRNA-204-5p Ameliorates Renal Injury via Regulating Keap1/Nrf2 Pathway in Diabetic Kidney Disease. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2024; 17:75-92. [PMID: 38196512 PMCID: PMC10775805 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s441082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is characterized by renal fibrosis, and the pathogenesis of renal fibrosis is still not definitely confirmed. MiR-204-5p plays an important role in the regulation of fibrosis, autophagy and oxidative stress. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of miR-204-5p on renal damage in diabetic kidneys and the underlying mechanisms involved. Methods In vivo, AAV-Ksp-miR-204-5p mimics were injected into mice via tail vein. In vitro, high glucose-induced HK-2 cells were treated with miR-204-5p inhibitor, miR-204-5p mimics, ATG5 siRNA, tertiary butyl hydroquinone (TBHQ), ML385, or 3-Methyladenine (3-MA). FISH and qRT-PCR were used to detect miR-204-5p expression. The expressions of protein and mRNA were detected by Western blotting, immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry and qRT-PCR. The concentration of fibronectin in HK-2 cells culture medium was detected by ELISA. Results The expression of miR-204-5p in diabetic kidneys was significantly inhibited than that in control group. Delivering miR-204-5p mimics increased miR-204-5p expression, improved renal function, inhibited renal fibrosis and oxidative stress, and restored autophagy in db/db mice. In vitro, the expression of miR-204-5p was inhibited by HG treatment in HK-2 cells. MiR-204-5p mimics effectively increased miR-204-5p expression and reduced fibronectin and collagen I expression, restored autophagy dysfunction, and increased Nrf2 expression, whereas these alterations were abrogated by Nrf2 inhibitor ML385, autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA, 5 mM) treatment or ATG5 siRNA transfection in HG-induced HK-2 cells. In addition, miR-204-5p inhibitor significantly inhibited miR-204-5p expression and aggravated HG-induced fibronectin and collagen I expression, autophagy dysfunction, and decreased Nrf2 expression, while these alterations were abolished by Nrf2 activator TBHQ. Furthermore, the binding of miR-204-5p with Keap1 was confirmed by luciferase reporter assay and miR-204-5p negatively regulated Keap1 expression, resulting in the activation of Nrf2 pathway. Conclusion MicroRNA-204-5p protects against the progression of diabetic renal fibrosis by restoring autophagy via regulating Keap1/Nrf2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Dong
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mengyu Liu
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yawei Bian
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chen Yuan
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dongyun Wang
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zihui Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yonghong Shi
- Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Shijiazhuang, People’s Republic of China
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5
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Ates I, Yılmaz AD, Buttari B, Arese M, Saso L, Suzen S. A Review of the Potential of Nuclear Factor [Erythroid-Derived 2]-like 2 Activation in Autoimmune Diseases. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1532. [PMID: 38002492 PMCID: PMC10669303 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13111532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
An autoimmune disease is the consequence of the immune system attacking healthy cells, tissues, and organs by mistake instead of protecting them. Inflammation and oxidative stress (OS) are well-recognized processes occurring in association with acute or chronic impairment of cell homeostasis. The transcription factor Nrf2 (nuclear factor [erythroid-derived 2]-like 2) is of major importance as the defense instrument against OS and alters anti-inflammatory activities related to different pathological states. Researchers have described Nrf2 as a significant regulator of innate immunity. Growing indications suggest that the Nrf2 signaling pathway is deregulated in numerous diseases, including autoimmune disorders. The advantageous outcome of the pharmacological activation of Nrf2 is an essential part of Nrf2-based chemoprevention and intervention in other chronic illnesses, such as neurodegeneration, cardiovascular disease, autoimmune diseases, and chronic kidney and liver disease. Nevertheless, a growing number of investigations have indicated that Nrf2 is already elevated in specific cancer and disease steps, suggesting that the pharmacological agents developed to mitigate the potentially destructive or transformative results associated with the protracted activation of Nrf2 should also be evaluated. The activators of Nrf2 have revealed an improvement in the progress of OS-associated diseases, resulting in immunoregulatory and anti-inflammatory activities; by contrast, the depletion of Nrf2 worsens disease progression. These data strengthen the growing attention to the biological properties of Nrf2 and its possible healing power on diseases. The evidence supporting a correlation between Nrf2 signaling and the most common autoimmune diseases is reviewed here. We focus on the aspects related to the possible effect of Nrf2 activation in ameliorating pathologic conditions based on the role of this regulator of antioxidant genes in the control of inflammation and OS, which are processes related to the progression of autoimmune diseases. Finally, the possibility of Nrf2 activation as a new drug development strategy to target pathogenesis is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilker Ates
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Degol Str. No. 4, 06560 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ayşe Didem Yılmaz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Degol Str. No. 4, 06560 Ankara, Turkey; (A.D.Y.); (S.S.)
| | - Brigitta Buttari
- Department of Cardiovascular and Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases and Aging, Italian National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Marzia Arese
- Department of Biochemical Sciences “A. Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzae Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology ‘‘Vittorio Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Sibel Suzen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Degol Str. No. 4, 06560 Ankara, Turkey; (A.D.Y.); (S.S.)
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Yan R, Lin B, Jin W, Tang L, Hu S, Cai R. NRF2, a Superstar of Ferroptosis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1739. [PMID: 37760042 PMCID: PMC10525540 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12091739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent and lipid peroxidation-driven cell death cascade, occurring when there is an imbalance of redox homeostasis in the cell. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NFE2L2, also known as NRF2) is key for cellular antioxidant responses, which promotes downstream genes transcription by binding to their antioxidant response elements (AREs). Numerous studies suggest that NRF2 assumes an extremely important role in the regulation of ferroptosis, for its various functions in iron, lipid, and amino acid metabolism, and so on. Many pathological states are relevant to ferroptosis. Abnormal suppression of ferroptosis is found in many cases of cancer, promoting their progression and metastasis. While during tissue damages, ferroptosis is recurrently promoted, resulting in a large number of cell deaths and even dysfunctions of the corresponding organs. Therefore, targeting NRF2-related signaling pathways, to induce or inhibit ferroptosis, has become a great potential therapy for combating cancers, as well as preventing neurodegenerative and ischemic diseases. In this review, a brief overview of the research process of ferroptosis over the past decade will be presented. In particular, the mechanisms of ferroptosis and a focus on the regulation of ferroptosis by NRF2 will be discussed. Finally, the review will briefly list some clinical applications of targeting the NRF2 signaling pathway in the treatment of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Shuming Hu
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; (R.Y.); (B.L.); (W.J.); (L.T.)
| | - Rong Cai
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; (R.Y.); (B.L.); (W.J.); (L.T.)
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7
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Wang Y, Jin M, Cheng CK, Li Q. Tubular injury in diabetic kidney disease: molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic perspectives. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1238927. [PMID: 37600689 PMCID: PMC10433744 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1238927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a chronic complication of diabetes and the leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) worldwide. Currently, there are limited therapeutic drugs available for DKD. While previous research has primarily focused on glomerular injury, recent studies have increasingly emphasized the role of renal tubular injury in the pathogenesis of DKD. Various factors, including hyperglycemia, lipid accumulation, oxidative stress, hypoxia, RAAS, ER stress, inflammation, EMT and programmed cell death, have been shown to induce renal tubular injury and contribute to the progression of DKD. Additionally, traditional hypoglycemic drugs, anti-inflammation therapies, anti-senescence therapies, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, and stem cell therapies have demonstrated their potential to alleviate renal tubular injury in DKD. This review will provide insights into the latest research on the mechanisms and treatments of renal tubular injury in DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Mingyue Jin
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Chak Kwong Cheng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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8
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Kuthati Y, Rao VN, Huang WH, Busa P, Wong CS. Teneligliptin Co-Infusion Alleviates Morphine Tolerance by Inhibition of Spinal Microglial Cell Activation in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1478. [PMID: 37508016 PMCID: PMC10376493 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12071478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Morphine (MOR) is a commonly prescribed drug for the treatment of moderate to severe diabetic neuropathic pain (DNP). However, long-term MOR treatment is limited by morphine analgesic tolerance (MAT). The activation of microglial cells and the release of glia-derived proinflammatory cytokines are known to play an important role in the development of MAT. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor (DPP-4i) teneligliptin (TEN) on MOR-induced microglial cell activation and MAT in DNP rats. DNP was induced in four groups of male Wistar rats through a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) (50 mg/kg, freshly dissolved in 5 mmol/L citrate buffer, pH 4.5). Sham rats were administered with the vehicle. Seven days after STZ injection, all rats were implanted with an intrathecal (i.t) catheter connected to a mini-osmotic pump, divided into five groups, and infused with the following combinations: sham + saline (1 µL/h, i.t), DNP + saline (1 µL/h, i.t), DNP + MOR (15 µg/h, i.t), DNP + TEN (2 µg/h, i.t), and DNP + MOR (15 µg/h, i.t) + TEN (2 µg/h, i.t) for 7 days at a rate of 1 μL/h. The MAT was confirmed through the measurement of mechanical paw withdrawal threshold and tail-flick tests. The mRNA expression of neuroprotective proteins nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in the dorsal horn was evaluated by quantitative PCR (qPCR). Microglial cell activation and mononucleate cell infiltration in the spinal cord dorsal horn were assessed by immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and Western blotting (WB). The results showed that co-infusion of TEN with MOR significantly attenuated MAT in DNP rats through the restoration of neuroprotective proteins Nrf2 and HO-1 and suppression of microglial cell activation in the dorsal horn. Though TEN at a dose of 2 μg has mild antinociceptive effects, it is highly effective in limiting MAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaswanth Kuthati
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cathy General Hospital, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Vaikar Navakanth Rao
- PhD Program in Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hsiu Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cathy General Hospital, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Prabhakar Busa
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cathy General Hospital, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Shung Wong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cathy General Hospital, Taipei 106, Taiwan
- National Defense Medical Center, Institute of Medical Sciences, Taipei 114, Taiwan
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9
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Tanase DM, Gosav EM, Anton MI, Floria M, Seritean Isac PN, Hurjui LL, Tarniceriu CC, Costea CF, Ciocoiu M, Rezus C. Oxidative Stress and NRF2/KEAP1/ARE Pathway in Diabetic Kidney Disease (DKD): New Perspectives. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12091227. [PMID: 36139066 PMCID: PMC9496369 DOI: 10.3390/biom12091227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most debilitating chronic diseases worldwide, with increased prevalence and incidence. In addition to its macrovascular damage, through its microvascular complications, such as Diabetic Kidney Disease (DKD), DM further compounds the quality of life of these patients. Considering DKD is the main cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in developed countries, extensive research is currently investigating the matrix of DKD pathophysiology. Hyperglycemia, inflammation and oxidative stress (OS) are the main mechanisms behind this disease. By generating pro-inflammatory factors (e.g., IL-1,6,18, TNF-α, TGF-β, NF-κB, MCP-1, VCAM-1, ICAM-1) and the activation of diverse pathways (e.g., PKC, ROCK, AGE/RAGE, JAK-STAT), they promote a pro-oxidant state with impairment of the antioxidant system (NRF2/KEAP1/ARE pathway) and, finally, alterations in the renal filtration unit. Hitherto, a wide spectrum of pre-clinical and clinical studies shows the beneficial use of NRF2-inducing strategies, such as NRF2 activators (e.g., Bardoxolone methyl, Curcumin, Sulforaphane and their analogues), and other natural compounds with antioxidant properties in DKD treatment. However, limitations regarding the lack of larger clinical trials, solubility or delivery hamper their implementation for clinical use. Therefore, in this review, we will discuss DKD mechanisms, especially oxidative stress (OS) and NRF2/KEAP1/ARE involvement, while highlighting the potential of therapeutic approaches that target DKD via OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Maria Tanase
- Department of Internal Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Internal Medicine Clinic, “Sf. Spiridon” County Clinical Emergency Hospital Iasi, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Evelina Maria Gosav
- Department of Internal Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Internal Medicine Clinic, “Sf. Spiridon” County Clinical Emergency Hospital Iasi, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Madalina Ioana Anton
- Department of Rheumatology and Physiotherapy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- I Rheumatology Clinic, Clinical Rehabilitation Hospital, 700661 Iasi, Romania
| | - Mariana Floria
- Department of Internal Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Internal Medicine Clinic, “Sf. Spiridon” County Clinical Emergency Hospital Iasi, 700111 Iasi, Romania
- Correspondence:
| | - Petronela Nicoleta Seritean Isac
- Department of Internal Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Internal Medicine Clinic, “Sf. Spiridon” County Clinical Emergency Hospital Iasi, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Loredana Liliana Hurjui
- Department of Morpho-Functional Sciences II, Physiology Discipline, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Hematology Laboratory, “St. Spiridon” County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Claudia Cristina Tarniceriu
- Department of Morpho-Functional Sciences I, Discipline of Anatomy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Hematology Clinic, “Sf. Spiridon” County Clinical Emergency Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Claudia Florida Costea
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- 2nd Ophthalmology Clinic, “Prof. Dr. Nicolae Oblu” Emergency Clinical Hospital, 700309 Iași, Romania
| | - Manuela Ciocoiu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ciprian Rezus
- Department of Internal Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Internal Medicine Clinic, “Sf. Spiridon” County Clinical Emergency Hospital Iasi, 700111 Iasi, Romania
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Ramos H, Bogdanov P, Huerta J, Deàs-Just A, Hernández C, Simó R. Antioxidant Effects of DPP-4 Inhibitors in Early Stages of Experimental Diabetic Retinopathy. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11071418. [PMID: 35883908 PMCID: PMC9312245 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11071418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress plays a key role in the impairment of the retinal neurovascular unit, an early event in the pathogenesis of DR. The aim of this study was to assess the antioxidant properties of topical administration (eye drops) of sitagliptin in the diabetic retina. For this purpose, db/db mice received sitagliptin or vehicle eye drops twice per day for two weeks. Age-matched db/+ mice were used as the control group. We evaluated retinal mRNA (RT-PCR) and protein levels (Western blotting and immunohistochemistry) of different components from both the antioxidant system (NRF2, CAT, GPX, GR, CuZnSOD, and MnSOD) and the prooxidant machinery (PKC and TXNIP). We also studied superoxide levels (dihydroethidium staining) and oxidative damage to DNA/RNA (8-hydroxyguanosine immunostaining) and proteins (nitrotyrosine immunostaining). Finally, NF-кB translocation and IL-1β production were assessed through Western blotting and/or immunohistochemistry. We found that sitagliptin protected against diabetes-induced oxidative stress by reducing superoxide, TXNIP, PKC, and DNA/RNA/protein oxidative damage, and it prevented the downregulation of NRF2 and antioxidant enzymes, with the exception of catalase. Sitagliptin also exerted anti-inflammatory effects, avoiding both NF-кB translocation and IL-1β production. Sitagliptin prevents the diabetes-induced imbalance between ROS production and antioxidant defenses that occurs in diabetic retinas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Ramos
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (H.R.); (P.B.); (J.H.); (A.D.-J.)
- Center for Networked Biomedical Research of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Carlos III Health Institute (ICSIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Bogdanov
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (H.R.); (P.B.); (J.H.); (A.D.-J.)
- Center for Networked Biomedical Research of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Carlos III Health Institute (ICSIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jordi Huerta
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (H.R.); (P.B.); (J.H.); (A.D.-J.)
| | - Anna Deàs-Just
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (H.R.); (P.B.); (J.H.); (A.D.-J.)
- Center for Networked Biomedical Research of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Carlos III Health Institute (ICSIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Hernández
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (H.R.); (P.B.); (J.H.); (A.D.-J.)
- Center for Networked Biomedical Research of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Carlos III Health Institute (ICSIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: (C.H.); (R.S.); Tel.: +34-934-894-172 (C.H.)
| | - Rafael Simó
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (H.R.); (P.B.); (J.H.); (A.D.-J.)
- Center for Networked Biomedical Research of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Carlos III Health Institute (ICSIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: (C.H.); (R.S.); Tel.: +34-934-894-172 (C.H.)
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11
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Yang M, Xi N, Gao M, Yu Y. Sitagliptin mitigates hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-induced injury in cardiomyocytes by mediating sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) and autophagy. Bioengineered 2022; 13:13162-13173. [PMID: 35635037 PMCID: PMC9276022 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2074109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Potential ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injuries are commonly induced during treatment of cardiovascular diseases, such as acute myocardial infarction (AMI). It is reported that oxidative stress and over-autophagy in cardiomyocytes are involved in the pathogenesis of I/R injury. Sitagliptin is an effective inhibitor of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) for the treatment of diabetes, which is recently reported to regulate oxidative stress and autophagy. The present study is designed to explore the function of Sitagliptin on I/R injury. Hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) condition was used to simulate the I/R injury on cardiomyocytes. We found that the declined cell viability and elevated expression level of creatine kinase myocardial band (CK-MB) were observed in the H/R group, accompanied by the increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS), elevated cellular malondialdehyde (MDA) level, and mitochondrial dysfunction. After Sitagliptin treatment, the damages in H9c2 cardiomyocytes, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction were significantly alleviated. In addition, the overactivated autophagy and mitophagy in H/R-challenged cardiomyocytes were dramatically mitigated by Sitagliptin, accompanied by the upregulation of SIRT3. Lastly, the protective effect of Sitagliptin on H/R-induced mitophagy, autophagy, and damages in cardiomyocytes was dramatically abolished by the knockdown of SIRT3. Taken together, our data reveal that Sitagliptin ameliorated the H/R-induced injury in cardiomyocytes by mediating sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) and autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ningning Xi
- Department of Neurological Rehabilitation, The FourthAffiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Meng Gao
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yanwei Yu
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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12
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Busa P, Kuthati Y, Huang N, Wong CS. New Advances on Pathophysiology of Diabetes Neuropathy and Pain Management: Potential Role of Melatonin and DPP-4 Inhibitors. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:864088. [PMID: 35496279 PMCID: PMC9039240 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.864088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pre-diabetes and diabetes are growing threats to the modern world. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with comorbidities such as hypertension (83.40%), obesity (90.49%), and dyslipidemia (93.43%), creating a substantial burden on patients and society. Reductive and oxidative (Redox) stress level imbalance and inflammation play an important role in DM progression. Various therapeutics have been investigated to treat these neuronal complications. Melatonin and dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitors (DPP-4i) are known to possess powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and have garnered significant attention in the recent years. In this present review article, we have reviewed the recently published reports on the therapeutic efficiency of melatonin and DPP-4i in the treatment of DM. We summarized the efficacy of melatonin and DPP-4i in DM and associated complications of diabetic neuropathy (DNP) and neuropathic pain. Furthermore, we discussed the mechanisms of action and their efficacy in the alleviation of oxidative stress in DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhakar Busa
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yaswanth Kuthati
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Niancih Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Grauate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Shung Wong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Grauate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
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13
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Zhang X, Yuan J, Zhou N, Shen K, Wang Y, Wang K, Zhu H. Omarigliptin Prevents TNF-α-Induced Cellular Senescence in Rat Aorta Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells. Chem Res Toxicol 2021; 34:2024-2031. [PMID: 34382399 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.1c00076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Cellular senescence is one of the most significant factors involved in aging and age-related diseases. Senescence of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) adversely affects the function of the cardiovascular system and contributes to the development of atherosclerosis, hypertension, and other cardiovascular diseases. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is an important incretin hormone involved in insulin release and vascular tone. GLP-1 is quickly degraded by the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4). Omarigliptin is a new DPP-4 inhibitor that has demonstrated anti-inflammatory and antioxidative stress properties. In the present study, we investigated the effects of the selective DPP-4 inhibitor omarigliptin (OMG) on VSMCs exposed to insult from tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), one of the main inflammatory signaling molecules involved in cellular senescence. We found that OMG could suppress TNF-α-induced expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, and IL-8) and inhibit oxidative stress by reducing the production of H2O2 and protein carbonyl. OMG ameliorated the increase in senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) and telomerase activity induced by TNF-α. The plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1)/p53/p21 pathway is a key inducer of cellular senescence. OMG ameliorated the acetylation of p53 at lysine 382 (K382) and subsequent activation of p21 via inhibition of PAI-1. Importantly, our experiments revealed that blockage of silent information-regulator 1 (SIRT1) abolished the inhibitory effects of OMG on p53 acetylation, SA-β-gal activity, and telomerase activity in VSMCs. These results suggest that OMG may have the potential to delay or prevent the progression of age-related cardiovascular diseases by modulating the activity of SIRT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xijun Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, China
| | - Jianjun Yuan
- Department of Ultrasound, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, China
| | - Nanqian Zhou
- Department of Ultrasound, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, China
| | - Kaikai Shen
- Department of Ultrasound, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, China
| | - Yisa Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, China
| | - Ke Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471000, China
| | - Haohui Zhu
- Department of Ultrasound, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, China
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Kuthati Y, Rao VN, Busa P, Wong CS. Teneligliptin Exerts Antinociceptive Effects in Rat Model of Partial Sciatic Nerve Transection Induced Neuropathic Pain. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10091438. [PMID: 34573072 PMCID: PMC8465046 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10091438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropathic pain (NP), is a chronic pain resulting from nerve injury, with limited treatment options. Teneligliptin (TEN) is a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor (DPP-4i) approved to treat type 2 diabetes. DPP-4is prevent the degradation of the incretin hormone glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and prolong its circulation. Apart from glycemic control, GLP-1 is known to have antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects. Herein, we investigated the antinociceptive properties of TEN on acute pain, and partial sciatic nerve transection (PSNT)-induced NP in Wistar rats. Seven days post PSNT, allodynia and hyperalgesia were confirmed as NP, and intrathecal (i.t) catheters were implanted and connected to an osmotic pump for the vehicle (1 μL/h) or TEN (5 μg/1 μL/h) or TEN (5 μg) + GLP-1R antagonist Exendin-3 (9–39) amide (EXE) 0.1 μg/1 μL/h infusion. The tail-flick response, mechanical allodynia, and thermal hyperalgesia were measured for 7 more days. On day 14, the dorsal horn was harvested and used for Western blotting and immunofluorescence assays. The results showed that TEN had mild antinociceptive effects against acute pain but remarkable analgesic effects against NP. Furthermore, co-infusion of GLP-1R antagonist EXE with TEN partially reversed allodynia but not tail-flick latency. Immunofluorescence examination of the spinal cord revealed that TEN decreased the immunoreactivity of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). Taken together, our findings suggest that TEN is efficient in attenuation of PSNT-induced NP. Hence, the pleiotropic effects of TEN open a new avenue for NP management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaswanth Kuthati
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cathy General Hospital, Taipei 280, Taiwan; (Y.K.); (P.B.)
| | - Vaikar Navakanth Rao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica Institute, Taipei 11529, Taiwan;
| | - Prabhakar Busa
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cathy General Hospital, Taipei 280, Taiwan; (Y.K.); (P.B.)
| | - Chih-Shung Wong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cathy General Hospital, Taipei 280, Taiwan; (Y.K.); (P.B.)
- National Defense Medical Center, Institute of Medical Sciences, Taipei 280, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-270-82-121; Fax: +886-2-879-24-835
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15
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Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) inhibitor sitagliptin alleviates liver inflammation of diabetic mice by acting as a ROS scavenger and inhibiting the NFκB pathway. Cell Death Discov 2021; 7:236. [PMID: 34493714 PMCID: PMC8423797 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-021-00625-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
As a common chronic metabolic disease, the development of diabetes mellitus (DM) may also be accompanied by liver damage and inflammatory disorders. Sitagliptin is an inhibitor of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4, also known as CD26), which is clinically used for DM treatment. However, the mechanism of sitagliptin’s efficiency in liver diseases is largely unknown. In this study, mice suffering from streptozotocin (STZ) exhibit elevated liver DPP4 expression and activity, as well as inflammatory and chronic liver injury phenotype, whereas specifically inhibiting the activity of DPP4 in mouse liver tissues and hepatocytes by sitagliptin contributes to decreased cytokines, oxidative stress, cell apoptosis, and inflammation in STZ-induced diabetic mice. Moreover, sitagliptin reduced TNFα or LPS-induced cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, cell apoptosis, and protein expression in the NFκB signaling pathway in HepG2 cells or primary mouse hepatocytes. Altogether, our study confirms that sitagliptin may protect liver tissue by alleviating ROS production and NFκB signaling activation, providing a putative mechanism for preventing the development of diabetic liver disease.
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Renoprotective Effects of Incretin-Based Therapy in Diabetes Mellitus. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:8163153. [PMID: 34471642 PMCID: PMC8405289 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8163153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists are recently discovered antidiabetic drugs with potent hypoglycemic effects. Among different mechanisms of activity, these compounds were shown to reduce blood glucose by suppression of glucagon secretion and stimulation of glucose-dependent insulin secretion. These antidiabetic agents have a minor risk of hypoglycemia and have been suggested as a second-line therapy to be added to metformin treatment to further optimize glycemic control in diabetes. More recently, scientific evidence suggests that GLP-1 receptor agonists may particularly afford protection from diabetic nephropathy through modulation of the molecular pathways involved in renal impairment and so improve renal function. This additional benefit adds further weight for these compounds to become promising drugs not only for glycemic control but also to prevent diabetic complications. In this review, we have updated evidence on the beneficial effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists on diabetic nephropathy and detailed the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms.
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Lin H, Zhang X, Wang D, Liu J, Yuan L, Liu J, Wang C, Sun J, Chen J, Li H, Jing S. Anwulignan Ameliorates the Intestinal Ischemia/Reperfusion. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2021; 378:222-234. [PMID: 34131018 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.121.000587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Anwulignan is one of the monomer compounds in the lignans from Schisandra sphenanthera In this study, we observed the effect of anwulignan on intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (II/R) injury in male Sprague-Dawley rats and explored the underlying mechanisms. The results showed that pretreatment with oral anwulignan could significantly increase the mesenteric blood microcirculatory flow velocity; relieve the congestion and pathologic injury of jejunum; enhance the autonomic tension of jejunum smooth muscle and its reactivity to acetylcholine; increase the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione S-transferase, and choline acetyltransferase; increase the contents of acetylcholine and glutathione in the serum or jejunal tissue; decrease the activities of myeloperoxidase, protein kinase C, and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase; reduce the contents of malondialdehyde, 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine, nicotinamide adenine, reactive oxygen species, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1β; increase the expression levels of muscarinic receptor 3, PI3K, phosphorylation protein kinase B, p-GSK3β Ser9, Nrf2, p-Nrf2, heme oxygenase (decycling) 1, and b-cell lymphoma 2 in the jejunal tissue; and decrease the expression levels of p-GSK3β Tyr216, kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1, Bax, and cleaved caspase-3, suggesting that anwulignan can ameliorate II/R-induced jejunal tissue injury in rats and that the mechanism may be related to its activating the PI3K/protein kinase B pathway and then regulating the Nrf2/Anti-oxidative Response Element signaling pathway and the expression of apoptosis-related proteins to play antioxidant and antiapoptotic roles. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Anwulignan can significantly reduce jejunal tissue injury and the production of inflammatory factors in rats with intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury, improve the antioxidant capacity, and reduce the apoptosis of jejunal tissue, and it has the effect of significantly improving intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats, suggesting that anwulignan may be used as a potential drug for the prevention and treatment of intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury or a resource for the development of health food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijiao Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy (Hu.L., X.Z., Jiaw.L., L.Y., C.W., J.S., J.C., He.L.); College of Basic Medicine (D.W.), Beihua University, Jilin City, China; Jilin City Central Hospital, Jilin City, China (Jial.L.); and Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin City, China (S.J.)
| | - Xinyun Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy (Hu.L., X.Z., Jiaw.L., L.Y., C.W., J.S., J.C., He.L.); College of Basic Medicine (D.W.), Beihua University, Jilin City, China; Jilin City Central Hospital, Jilin City, China (Jial.L.); and Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin City, China (S.J.)
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy (Hu.L., X.Z., Jiaw.L., L.Y., C.W., J.S., J.C., He.L.); College of Basic Medicine (D.W.), Beihua University, Jilin City, China; Jilin City Central Hospital, Jilin City, China (Jial.L.); and Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin City, China (S.J.)
| | - Jiawei Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy (Hu.L., X.Z., Jiaw.L., L.Y., C.W., J.S., J.C., He.L.); College of Basic Medicine (D.W.), Beihua University, Jilin City, China; Jilin City Central Hospital, Jilin City, China (Jial.L.); and Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin City, China (S.J.)
| | - Liwei Yuan
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy (Hu.L., X.Z., Jiaw.L., L.Y., C.W., J.S., J.C., He.L.); College of Basic Medicine (D.W.), Beihua University, Jilin City, China; Jilin City Central Hospital, Jilin City, China (Jial.L.); and Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin City, China (S.J.)
| | - Jiale Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy (Hu.L., X.Z., Jiaw.L., L.Y., C.W., J.S., J.C., He.L.); College of Basic Medicine (D.W.), Beihua University, Jilin City, China; Jilin City Central Hospital, Jilin City, China (Jial.L.); and Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin City, China (S.J.)
| | - Chunmei Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy (Hu.L., X.Z., Jiaw.L., L.Y., C.W., J.S., J.C., He.L.); College of Basic Medicine (D.W.), Beihua University, Jilin City, China; Jilin City Central Hospital, Jilin City, China (Jial.L.); and Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin City, China (S.J.)
| | - Jinghui Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy (Hu.L., X.Z., Jiaw.L., L.Y., C.W., J.S., J.C., He.L.); College of Basic Medicine (D.W.), Beihua University, Jilin City, China; Jilin City Central Hospital, Jilin City, China (Jial.L.); and Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin City, China (S.J.)
| | - Jianguang Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy (Hu.L., X.Z., Jiaw.L., L.Y., C.W., J.S., J.C., He.L.); College of Basic Medicine (D.W.), Beihua University, Jilin City, China; Jilin City Central Hospital, Jilin City, China (Jial.L.); and Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin City, China (S.J.)
| | - He Li
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy (Hu.L., X.Z., Jiaw.L., L.Y., C.W., J.S., J.C., He.L.); College of Basic Medicine (D.W.), Beihua University, Jilin City, China; Jilin City Central Hospital, Jilin City, China (Jial.L.); and Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin City, China (S.J.)
| | - Shu Jing
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy (Hu.L., X.Z., Jiaw.L., L.Y., C.W., J.S., J.C., He.L.); College of Basic Medicine (D.W.), Beihua University, Jilin City, China; Jilin City Central Hospital, Jilin City, China (Jial.L.); and Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin City, China (S.J.)
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Al-Kuraishy HM, Al-Gareeb AI, Qusty N, Alexiou A, Batiha GES. Impact of Sitagliptin in Non-Diabetic Covid-19 Patients. Curr Mol Pharmacol 2021; 15:683-692. [PMID: 34477540 DOI: 10.2174/1874467214666210902115650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19), SARS-CoV-2 may use dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) as an entry-point in different tissues expressing these receptors. DPP4 inhibitors (DPP4Is), also named gliptins like sitagliptin, have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects; thereby lessen inflammatory and oxidative stress in diabetic Covid-19 patients. Therefore, the present study aimed to illustrate the potential beneficial effect of sitagliptin in managing Covid-19 in non-diabetic patients. METHODS A total number of 89 patients with Covid-19 were recruited from a single-center at the time of diagnosis. The recruited patients were assigned according to the standard therapy for Covid-19 and our interventional therapy into two groups; Group A: Covid-19 patients on the standard therapy (n=40) and Group B: Covid-19 patients on the standard therapy plus sitagliptin (n=49). The duration of this interventional study was 28 days according to the guideline in management patients with Covid-19. Routine laboratory investigations, serological tests, complete blood count (CBC), C-reactive protein (CRP), D-dimer, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and serum ferritin were measured to observed Covid-19 severity and complications. Lung computed tomography (CT) and clinical scores were evaluated. RESULTS The present study illustrated that sitagliptin add-on standard therapy improved clinical outcomes, radiological scores, and inflammatory biomarkers than standard therapy alone in non-diabetic patients with Covid-19 (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS Sitagliptin add-on standard therapy in managing non-diabetic Covid-19 patients may have a robust beneficial effect by modulating inflammatory cytokines with subsequent good clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayder M Al-Kuraishy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of Medicine, ALmustansiriyia University, Baghdad. Iraq
| | - Ali I Al-Gareeb
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Medicine, College of Medicine, ALmustansiriyia University, Baghdad. Iraq
| | - Naeem Qusty
- Medical Laboratories Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca. Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, AlBeheira, Egypt
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Cao Y, Yang Z, Chen Y, Jiang S, Wu Z, Ding B, Yang Y, Jin Z, Tang H. An Overview of the Posttranslational Modifications and Related Molecular Mechanisms in Diabetic Nephropathy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:630401. [PMID: 34124032 PMCID: PMC8193943 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.630401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN), a common diabetic microvascular complication, is characterized by its complex pathogenesis, higher risk of mortality, and the lack of effective diagnosis and treatment methods. Many studies focus on the diagnosis and treatment of diabetes mellitus (DM) and have reported that the pathophysiology of DN is very complex, involving many molecules and abnormal cellular activities. Given the respective pivotal roles of NF-κB, Nrf2, and TGF-β in inflammation, oxidative stress, and fibrosis during DN, we first review the effect of posttranslational modifications on these vital molecules in DN. Then, we describe the relationship between these molecules and related abnormal cellular activities in DN. Finally, we discuss some potential directions for DN treatment and diagnosis. The information reviewed here may be significant in the design of further studies to identify valuable therapeutic targets for DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Cao
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica and Natural Medicines, School of Pharmacy, The Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhao Yang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shuai Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhen Wu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Baoping Ding
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhenxiao Jin
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Haifeng Tang
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica and Natural Medicines, School of Pharmacy, The Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
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20
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Antioxidative Potentials of Incretin-Based Medications: A Review of Molecular Mechanisms. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:9959320. [PMID: 34007411 PMCID: PMC8099522 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9959320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists and dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 inhibitors are medications used for managing diabetes, mimicking the metabolic effects of incretin hormones. Recent evidence suggests that these medications have antioxidative potentials in the diabetic milieu. The pathophysiology of most diabetic complications involves oxidative stress. Therefore, if incretin-based antidiabetic medications can alleviate the free radicals involved in oxidative stress, they can potentially provide further therapeutic effects against diabetic complications. However, the molecular mechanisms by which these medications protect against oxidative stress are not fully understood. In the current review, we discuss the potential molecular mechanisms behind these pharmacologic agents' antioxidative properties.
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21
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He X, Kuang G, Zuo Y, Li S, Zhou S, Ou C. The Role of Non-coding RNAs in Diabetic Nephropathy-Related Oxidative Stress. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:626423. [PMID: 33959621 PMCID: PMC8093385 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.626423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the main complications of diabetes and the main cause of diabetic end-stage renal disease, which is often fatal. DN is usually characterized by progressive renal interstitial fibrosis, which is closely related to the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix and oxidative stress. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are RNA molecules expressed in eukaryotic cells that are not translated into proteins. They are widely involved in the regulation of biological processes, such as, chromatin remodeling, transcription, post-transcriptional modification, and signal transduction. Recent studies have shown that ncRNAs play an important role in the occurrence and development of DN and participate in the regulation of oxidative stress in DN. This review clarifies the functions and mechanisms of ncRNAs in DN-related oxidative stress, providing valuable insights into the prevention, early diagnosis, and molecular therapeutic targets of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun He
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Gaoyan Kuang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Yi Zuo
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Shuangxi Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, China
| | - Suxian Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Chunlin Ou
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Huang S, Chen G, Sun J, Chen Y, Wang N, Dong Y, Shen E, Hu Z, Gong W, Jin L, Cong W. Histone deacetylase 3 inhibition alleviates type 2 diabetes mellitus-induced endothelial dysfunction via Nrf2. Cell Commun Signal 2021; 19:35. [PMID: 33736642 PMCID: PMC7977318 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-020-00681-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mechanism underlying endothelial dysfunction leading to cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains unclear. Here, we show that inhibition of histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) reduced inflammation and oxidative stress by regulating nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), which mediates the expression of anti-inflammatory- and pro-survival-related genes in the vascular endothelium, thereby improving endothelial function. METHODS Nrf2 knockout (Nrf2 KO) C57BL/6 background mice, diabetic db/db mice, and control db/m mice were used to investigate the relationship between HDAC3 and Nrf2 in the endothelium in vivo. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) cultured under high glucose-palmitic acid (HG-PA) conditions were used to explore the role of Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) -Nrf2-NAPDH oxidase 4 (Nox4) redox signaling in the vascular endothelium in vitro. Activity assays, immunofluorescence, western blotting, qRT-PCR, and immunoprecipitation assays were used to examine the effect of HDAC3 inhibition on inflammation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and endothelial impairment, as well as the activity of Nrf2-related molecules. RESULTS HDAC3 activity, but not its expression, was increased in db/db mice. This resulted in de-endothelialization and increased oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory marker expression in cells treated with the HDAC3 inhibitor RGFP966, which activated Nrf2 signaling. HDAC3 silencing decreased ROS production, inflammation, and damage-associated tube formation in HG-PA-treated HUVECs. The underlying mechanism involved the Keap1-Nrf2-Nox4 signaling pathway. CONCLUSION The results of this study suggest the potential of HDAC3 as a therapeutic target for the treatment of endothelial dysfunction in T2DM. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Huang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Interventional Pulmonology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000 People’s Republic of China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000 People’s Republic of China
| | - Gen Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jia Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yunjie Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000 People’s Republic of China
| | - Nan Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yetong Dong
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000 People’s Republic of China
| | - Enzhao Shen
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhicheng Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000 People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenjie Gong
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000 People’s Republic of China
| | - Litai Jin
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000 People’s Republic of China
| | - Weitao Cong
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000 People’s Republic of China
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23
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Aziz TA. Cardioprotective Effect of Quercetin and Sitagliptin in Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiac Toxicity in Rats. Cancer Manag Res 2021; 13:2349-2357. [PMID: 33737832 PMCID: PMC7965691 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s300495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective A previous study revealed a pronounced protective effect of combining quercetin (QC) with sitagliptin (STN) in testicular tissue. Accordingly, this study was designed to evaluate the cardioprotective effects of QC and STN each alone or in combination in doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cardiotoxicity in the rats. Methodology Thirty male adult Wistar rats were divided into five groups: the first group (control) treated with sodium chloride, the second group treated with DOX (3 mg/kg I.P. injection), the third group treated with DOX with a combination of QC (80 mg/kg), and STN (10 mg/kg), the fourth group treated with DOX and QC and the fifth group treated with DOX and STN. Blood was collected on day 22 and used for assessment of serum troponin, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine phosphokinase (CPK), total lipid profile, C-reactive protein (CRP), and total antioxidant capacity (TAOC). Atherogenic indices were also calculated. Cardiac tissue was sent for histopathological analysis. Results DOX produced a significant increase in the level of troponin, LDH, CKP, CRP, total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triglycerides (TG), and atherogenic index of plasma; and significantly decreased TAOC. The combination of quercetin and sitagliptin was more effective than each treatment alone in restoring the level of troponin, LDH, CKP, CRP, Cholesterol, LDL, TG, atherogenic index of plasma and significantly increased TAOC compared to DOX treated group. The histopathological finding also supports the biochemical results. Conclusion The study revealed the cardioprotective effects of the combination of QC and STN which could be attributed to the additive effects of this combination through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, lipid lowering and anti-atherogenic activities; suggesting it as a good therapeutic candidate to be tested in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tavga Ahmed Aziz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani City, Iraq
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24
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Kawanami D, Takashi Y, Takahashi H, Motonaga R, Tanabe M. Renoprotective Effects of DPP-4 Inhibitors. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10020246. [PMID: 33562528 PMCID: PMC7915260 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10020246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) worldwide. Dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP)-4 inhibitors are widely used in the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). DPP-4 inhibitors reduce glucose levels by inhibiting degradation of incretins. DPP-4 is a ubiquitous protein with exopeptidase activity that exists in cell membrane-bound and soluble forms. It has been shown that an increased renal DPP-4 activity is associated with the development of DKD. A series of clinical and experimental studies showed that DPP-4 inhibitors have beneficial effects on DKD, independent of their glucose-lowering abilities, which are mediated by anti-fibrotic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidative stress properties. In this review article, we highlight the current understanding of the clinical efficacy and the mechanisms underlying renoprotection by DPP-4 inhibitors under diabetic conditions.
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25
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Cafestol Inhibits High-Glucose-Induced Cardiac Fibrosis in Cardiac Fibroblasts and Type 1-Like Diabetic Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2020:4503747. [PMID: 33488743 PMCID: PMC7790572 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4503747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes is associated with the development of myocardial fibrosis, which is related to various cardiac diseases. Cafestol, one of the active ingredients in coffee, has been reported to exert biological effects. However, whether cafestol can ameliorate diabetes-induced cardiac fibrosis remains unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of cafestol on cardiac fibrosis in high-glucose-treated cardiac fibroblasts and streptozocin- (STZ-) induced diabetic rats. Rat cardiac fibroblasts were cultured in high-glucose (25 mM) media in the absence or presence of cafestol, and the changes in collagen synthesis, transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) production, and related signaling molecules were assessed on the basis of 3H-proline incorporation, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and western blotting. Cardiac fibroblasts exposed to high-glucose conditions exhibited increased collagen synthesis, TGF-β1 production, and Smad2/3 phosphorylation, and these effects were mitigated by cafestol treatment. Furthermore, cafestol increased the translocation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 and increased the expression of heme oxygenase-1. The results of molecular docking analysis suggested a selective interaction of cafestol with Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1. The rats with untreated STZ-induced diabetes exhibited considerable collagen accumulation, which was ameliorated by cafestol. Moreover, activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase, general matrix metalloproteinase, and reduced glutathione concentration were upregulated, whereas malondialdehyde level was downregulated by treatment with cafestol in rats with cardiac fibrosis. These findings highlight the effects of cafestol, which may be useful in treating diabetes-related cardiac fibrosis.
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26
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Jin Q, Zhu Q, Wang K, Chen M, Li X. Allisartan isoproxil attenuates oxidative stress and inflammation through the SIRT1/Nrf2/NF‑κB signalling pathway in diabetic cardiomyopathy rats. Mol Med Rep 2021; 23:215. [PMID: 33495841 PMCID: PMC7845586 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.11854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Allisartan isoproxil is a new nonpeptide angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) precursor drug that is used to treat hypertension and reduce the risk of heart disease. The present study explored the effects of allisartan isoproxil on diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) and revealed the roles of hyperglycaemia-induced oxidative stress and inflammation. A rat DCM model was established by high-fat diet feeding in combination with intraperitoneal injection of streptozocin. Echocardiographs showed that diabetic rats exhibited significantly decreased cardiac function. Troponin T (cTnT) and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) were significantly increased in DCM rats as obtained by ELISA. Allisartan isoproxil significantly improved the EF% and E™/A™ ratio. Histopathologic staining showed that allisartan isoproxil prevented histological alterations, attenuated the accumulation of collagen, and ameliorated cTnT and BNP levels. Western blot and immunohistochemical results indicated that the expression levels of silent information regulator 2 homologue 1 (SIRT1) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) were decreased in the hearts of diabetic rats, and antioxidant defences were also decreased. In addition, allisartan isoproxil decreased the expression of NF-κB p65 and the inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β which were determined by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR in the diabetic heart. Western blotting and TUNEL staining results also showed that cardiac Bax and cleaved caspase-3 and the number of apoptotic myocardial cells were increased in the diabetic heart and decreased following treatment with allisartan isoproxil. In conclusion, the present results indicated that allisartan isoproxil alleviated DCM by attenuating diabetes-induced oxidative stress and inflammation through the SIRT1/Nrf2/NF-κB signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinyang Jin
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Qin Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310007, P.R. China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Mengli Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Xinli Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
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27
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Wang J, Xiao M, Wang J, Wang S, Zhang J, Guo Y, Tang Y, Gu J. NRF2-Related Epigenetic Modifications in Cardiac and Vascular Complications of Diabetes Mellitus. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:598005. [PMID: 34248833 PMCID: PMC8269153 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.598005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a highly prevalent chronic disease that is accompanied with serious complications, especially cardiac and vascular complications. Thus, there is an urgent need to identify new strategies to treat diabetic cardiac and vascular complications. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) has been verified as a crucial target for the prevention and treatment of diabetic complications. The function of NRF2 in the treatment of diabetic complications has been widely reported, but the role of NRF2-related epigenetic modifications remains unclear. The purpose of this review is to summarize the recent advances in targeting NRF2-related epigenetic modifications in the treatment of cardiac and vascular complications associated with DM. We also discuss agonists that could potentially regulate NRF2-associated epigenetic mechanisms. This review provides a better understanding of strategies to target NRF2 to protect against DM-related cardiac and vascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- School of Nursing, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Mengjie Xiao
- School of Nursing, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jie Wang
- School of Nursing, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shudong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, and Department of Cardiology at the People’s Hospital of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuanfang Guo
- School of Nursing, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yufeng Tang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Junlian Gu
- School of Nursing, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Junlian Gu,
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Shigematsu N, Kawashiri T, Kobayashi D, Shimizu S, Mine K, Hiromoto S, Uchida M, Egashira N, Shimazoe T. Neuroprotective effect of alogliptin on oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy in vivo and in vitro. Sci Rep 2020; 10:6734. [PMID: 32317735 PMCID: PMC7174301 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62738-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxaliplatin is a platinum-based antineoplastic drug commonly used for treating colorectal, gastric, and pancreatic cancer. However, it frequently causes peripheral neuropathy as dose-limiting toxicity and is lacking a strategy for prevention. Alogliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitor, is an oral antidiabetic drug. Previous studies have shown that DPP-4 inhibitors have pleiotropic effects, including neuroprotection. In this study, we investigated the effects of alogliptin on oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy using in vitro and in vivo models. In PC12 cells, alogliptin attenuated neurite disorders induced by oxaliplatin and cisplatin. The repeated injection of oxaliplatin caused mechanical allodynia and axonal degeneration of the sciatic nerve in rats. These neuropathies were ameliorated by co-administration of alogliptin. Moreover, alogliptin did not attenuate tumor cytotoxicity of oxaliplatin in the cultured colon, gastric, or pancreatic cancer cell lines and tumor-bearing mice. These findings suggest that alogliptin may be beneficial for preventing oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nao Shigematsu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Care, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Takehiro Kawashiri
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Care, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Daisuke Kobayashi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Care, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Shiori Shimizu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Care, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Keisuke Mine
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Care, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Shiori Hiromoto
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Care, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Mayako Uchida
- Education and Research Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka, 569-1094, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Egashira
- Department of Pharmacy, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Takao Shimazoe
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Care, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
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Mima A, Yasuzawa T, Nakamura T, Ueshima S. Linagliptin affects IRS1/Akt signaling and prevents high glucose-induced apoptosis in podocytes. Sci Rep 2020; 10:5775. [PMID: 32238837 PMCID: PMC7113296 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62579-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes-induced podocyte apoptosis is considered to play a critical role in the pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). We proposed that hyperglycaemia can induce podocyte apoptosis by inhibiting the action of podocyte survival factors, thus inactivating the cellular effects of insulin signalling. In this study, we aimed to determine the effects of linagliptin on high glucose-induced podocyte apoptosis. Linagliptin reduced the increase in DNA fragmentation as well as the increase in TUNEL-positive cells in podocytes induced by high-glucose condition. Furthermore, linagliptin improved insulin-induced phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) and Akt, which was inhibited in high-glucose conditions. Adenoviral vector-mediated IRS1 overexpression in podocytes partially normalised DNA fragmentation in high-glucose conditions, while downregulation of IRS1 expression using small interfering RNA increased DNA fragmentation even in low-glucose conditions. Because reactive oxygen species inhibit glomerular insulin signalling in diabetes and Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1)/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway is one of the most important intrinsic antioxidative systems, we evaluated whether linagliptin increased Nrf2 in podocytes. High-glucose condition and linagliptin addition increased Nrf2 levels compared to low-glucose conditions. In summary, linagliptin offers protection against DKD by enhancing IRS1/Akt insulin signalling in podocytes and partially via the Keap1/Nrf2 pathway. Our findings suggest that linagliptin may induce protective effects in patients with DKD, and increasing IRS1 levels could be a potential therapeutic target in DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Mima
- Department of Nephrology, Osaka Medical College, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Toshinori Yasuzawa
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Health Science, Kio University, Nara, Japan.,Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nara, Japan
| | - Tomomi Nakamura
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nara, Japan
| | - Shigeru Ueshima
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nara, Japan.,Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nara, Japan.,Antiaging Center, Kindai University, Osaka, Japan
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Okabe K, Matsushima S, Ikeda S, Ikeda M, Ishikita A, Tadokoro T, Enzan N, Yamamoto T, Sada M, Deguchi H, Shinohara K, Ide T, Tsutsui H. DPP (Dipeptidyl Peptidase)-4 Inhibitor Attenuates Ang II (Angiotensin II)-Induced Cardiac Hypertrophy via GLP (Glucagon-Like Peptide)-1-Dependent Suppression of Nox (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate Oxidase) 4-HDAC (Histone Deacetylase) 4 Pathway. Hypertension 2020; 75:991-1001. [PMID: 32160098 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.119.14400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Nox4 (NADPH [Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate] oxidase 4) is a major source of oxidative stress and is intimately involved in cardiac hypertrophy. DPP (Dipeptidyl peptidase)-4 inhibitor has been reported to regulate Nox4 expression in adipose tissues. However, its effects on Nox4 in cardiac hypertrophy are still unclear. We investigated whether DPP-4 inhibitor could ameliorate cardiac hypertrophy by regulating Nox4 and its downstream targets. Ang II (Angiotensin II; 1.44 mg/kg per day) or saline was continuously infused into C57BL/6J mice with or without teneligliptin (a DPP-4 inhibitor, 30 mg/kg per day) in the drinking water for 1 week. Teneligliptin significantly suppressed plasma DPP-4 activity without any significant changing aortic blood pressure or metabolic parameters such as blood glucose and insulin levels. It attenuated Ang II-induced increases in left ventricular wall thickness and the ratio of heart weight to body weight. It also significantly suppressed Ang II-induced increases in Nox4 mRNA, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal, and phosphorylation of HDAC4 (histone deacetylase 4), a downstream target of Nox4 and a crucial suppressor of cardiac hypertrophy, in the heart. Exendin-3 (150 pmol/kg per minute), a GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide 1) receptor antagonist, abrogated these inhibitory effects of teneligliptin on Nox4, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal, phosphorylation of HDAC4, and cardiac hypertrophy. In cultured neonatal cardiomyocytes, exendin-4 (100 nmol/L, 24 hours), a GLP-1 receptor agonist, ameliorated Ang II-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and decreased in Nox4, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal, and phosphorylation of HDAC4. Furthermore, exendin-4 prevented Ang II-induced decrease in nuclear HDAC4 in cardiomyocytes. In conclusion, GLP-1 receptor stimulation by DPP-4 inhibitor can attenuate Ang II-induced cardiac hypertrophy by suppressing of the Nox4-HDAC4 axis in cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Okabe
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan (K.O., S.I., M.I., A.I., T.T., N.E., T.Y., M.S., H.D., H.T.)
| | - Shouji Matsushima
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan (S.M.)
| | - Soichiro Ikeda
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan (K.O., S.I., M.I., A.I., T.T., N.E., T.Y., M.S., H.D., H.T.)
| | - Masataka Ikeda
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan (K.O., S.I., M.I., A.I., T.T., N.E., T.Y., M.S., H.D., H.T.)
| | - Akihito Ishikita
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan (K.O., S.I., M.I., A.I., T.T., N.E., T.Y., M.S., H.D., H.T.)
| | - Tomonori Tadokoro
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan (K.O., S.I., M.I., A.I., T.T., N.E., T.Y., M.S., H.D., H.T.)
| | - Nobuyuki Enzan
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan (K.O., S.I., M.I., A.I., T.T., N.E., T.Y., M.S., H.D., H.T.)
| | - Taishi Yamamoto
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan (K.O., S.I., M.I., A.I., T.T., N.E., T.Y., M.S., H.D., H.T.)
| | - Masashi Sada
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan (K.O., S.I., M.I., A.I., T.T., N.E., T.Y., M.S., H.D., H.T.)
| | - Hiroko Deguchi
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan (K.O., S.I., M.I., A.I., T.T., N.E., T.Y., M.S., H.D., H.T.)
| | - Keisuke Shinohara
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Japan (K.S., T.I.)
| | - Tomomi Ide
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Japan (K.S., T.I.)
| | - Hiroyuki Tsutsui
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan (K.O., S.I., M.I., A.I., T.T., N.E., T.Y., M.S., H.D., H.T.)
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Xiang S, Li J, Zhang Z. miR-26b inhibits isoproterenol-induced cardiac fibrosis via the Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway. Exp Ther Med 2020; 19:2067-2074. [PMID: 32104267 PMCID: PMC7027307 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.8455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
A critical event in cardiac fibrosis is the transformation of cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) into myofibroblasts. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported to be critical regulators in the development of cardiac fibrosis. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of action of miRNA (miR)-26b in cardiac fibrosis have not yet been extensively studied. In the present study, the expression levels of miR-26b were downregulated in isoproterenol (ISO)-treated cardiac tissues and CFs. Moreover, miR-26b overexpression inhibited the cell viability of ISO-treated CFs and decreased the protein levels of collagen I and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). Furthermore, bioinformatics analysis and dual luciferase reporter assays indicated that Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) was the target of miR-26b, and that its expression levels were decreased in miR-26b-treated cells. In addition, Keap1 overexpression reversed the inhibitory effects of miR-26b on ISO-induced cardiac fibrosis, as demonstrated by cell viability, and the upregulation of collagen I and α-SMA expression levels. Furthermore, inhibition of Keap1 expression led to the activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), which induced the transcriptional activation of antioxidant/detoxifying proteins in order to protect against cardiac fibrosis. Taken together, the data demonstrated that miR-26b attenuated ISO-induced cardiac fibrosis via the Keap-mediated activation of Nrf2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaohua Xiang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Dianjiang County Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing 408300, P.R. China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, People's Hospital of Changshou, Chongqing 401220, P.R. China
| | - Zhengfu Zhang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, People's Hospital of Changshou, Chongqing 401220, P.R. China
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Kumar A, Pathak R, Palfrey HA, Stone KP, Gettys TW, Murthy SN. High levels of dietary methionine improves sitagliptin-induced hepatotoxicity by attenuating oxidative stress in hypercholesterolemic rats. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2020; 17:2. [PMID: 31921324 PMCID: PMC6945706 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-019-0422-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Both cholesterol (Cho) and methionine (Met, a precursor for homocysteine) are risk factors for fatty liver disease. Since Western diets are rich in Cho and Met, we investigated the hepatic effects of feeding a diet enriched in Met and Cho. Further, based on the reported anti-oxidative and lipid lowering properties of sitagliptin (an antidiabetic drug), we tested whether it could counteract the negative effects of high Cho and Met. We therefore hypothesized that sitagliptin would ameliorate the development of liver pathology that is produced by feeding diets rich in either Cho, Met, or both. Methods Male Sprague Dawley rats were fed ad libitum a) control diet, or b) high Met or c) high Cho, or d) high Met + high Cho diets for 35 days. From day 10 to 35, 50% of rats in each dietary group were gavaged with either vehicle or an aqueous suspension of sitagliptin (100 mg/kg/day). Liver samples were harvested for histological, molecular, and biochemical analyses. Results The high Cho diet produced significant hepatic steatosis which was unaffected by sitagliptin. Contrary to expectation, sitagliptin exacerbated expression of hepatic markers of oxidative stress and fibrosis in rats fed high Cho. Corresponding increases in 4-hydroxynonenal adducts and collagen deposition were demonstrated by immunohistochemistry and sirius red staining. These hepatic changes were absent in rats on the high Met diet and they were comparable to controls. The inclusion of Met in the high Cho diet resulted in significant reduction of the hepatic steatosis, oxidative stress, and fibrosis produced by high Cho alone. Conclusion Sitagliptin exacerbated the effects of high Cho on both oxidative stress and fibrosis, resulting in NASH like symptoms that were significantly reversed by the inclusion of Met.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avinash Kumar
- 1Environmental Toxicology Department, Southern University and A&M College, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA
| | - Rashmi Pathak
- 1Environmental Toxicology Department, Southern University and A&M College, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA
| | - Henry A Palfrey
- 1Environmental Toxicology Department, Southern University and A&M College, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA
| | - Kirsten P Stone
- 2Laboratory of Nutrient Sensing and Adipocyte Signaling, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA USA
| | - Thomas W Gettys
- 2Laboratory of Nutrient Sensing and Adipocyte Signaling, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA USA
| | - Subramanyam N Murthy
- 1Environmental Toxicology Department, Southern University and A&M College, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA
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Hewedy WA. Effects of treatment with sitagliptin on hepatotoxicity induced by acetaminophen in mice. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902019000418482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
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Lv J, Wu Y, Mai Y, Bu S. Noncoding RNAs in Diabetic Nephropathy: Pathogenesis, Biomarkers, and Therapy. J Diabetes Res 2020; 2020:3960857. [PMID: 32656264 PMCID: PMC7327582 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3960857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The correlation between diabetes and systematic well-being on human life has long established. As a common complication of diabetes, the prevalence of diabetic nephropathy (DN) has been increasing globally. DN is known to be a major cause of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). Till now, the molecular mechanisms for DN have not been fully explored and the effective therapies are still lacking. Noncoding RNAs are a class of RNAs produced by genome transcription that cannot be translated into proteins. It has been documented that ncRNAs participate in the pathogenesis of DN by regulating inflammation, apoptosis, autophagy, cell proliferation, and other pathological processes. In this review, the pathological roles and diagnostic and therapeutic potential of three types of ncRNAs (microRNA, long noncoding RNA, and circular RNA) in the progression of DN are summarized and illustrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiarong Lv
- Diabetes Research Center, Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315000 Zhejiang, China
| | - Yu Wu
- Diabetes Research Center, Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315000 Zhejiang, China
| | - Yifeng Mai
- The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315000 Zhejiang, China
| | - Shizhong Bu
- Diabetes Research Center, Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315000 Zhejiang, China
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Abdel-Gaber SA, Geddawy A, Moussa RA. The hepatoprotective effect of sitagliptin against hepatic ischemia reperfusion-induced injury in rats involves Nrf-2/HO-1 pathway. Pharmacol Rep 2019; 71:1044-1049. [PMID: 31600635 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2019.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress and inflammation play a key role in the development of hepatic ischemia reperfusion (HIR)-induced injury. Nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor-2 (Nrf-2) is a main regulator of numerous genes, encoding cytoprotective molecules including heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). Sitagliptin (Sit) is an incretin enhancer acting via inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) enzyme. This study was undertaken to investigate the ability of Sit to prevent the hepatic pathological changes of HIR induced injury and to modify Nrf-2 and its target HO-1. METHODS Pringle's maneuver was used to induce total HIR in adult male rats that were randomly assigned into 4 groups. Group1 (sham-operated control), Group 2 (sham-operated + Sit-control group), Group 3 (HIR non-treated), and Group 4 (HIR + Sit). Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities together with hepatic contents of malondialdhyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO) and reduced glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were evaluated. Hepatic tissue mRNA of Nrf-2 and protein content of HO-1 along with histopathological examination and scoring of hepatic injury were performed. RESULTS Sit caused a significant reduction in ALT and AST activities together with attenuation of HIR-induced histopathological liver injury. Effect of Sit was associated with decreased hepatic level of MDA and NO with increased GSH level and SOD activity. Non-treated rats with HIR showed an increase in Nrf-2 mRNA expression and HO-1 content in hepatic tissue which was further increased by Sit treatment. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that hepatoprotective activity of Sit against HIR is attributed at least in part to modulation of Nrf-2/ HO-1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seham A Abdel-Gaber
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Ayman Geddawy
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt; Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Rabab A Moussa
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
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Sitagliptin-Dependent Differences in the Intensity of Oxidative Stress in Rat Livers Subjected to Ischemia and Reperfusion. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:2738605. [PMID: 31781329 PMCID: PMC6875175 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2738605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Ischemia/reperfusion (IR) is the main cause of liver damage after transplantation. We evaluated the effect of sitagliptin (STG) on oxidative stress parameters in the rat liver under IR. Methods Rats were treated with STG (5 mg/kg) (S and SIR) or saline solution (C and CIR). Livers from CIR and SIR were subjected to ischemia (60 min) and reperfusion (24 h). During reperfusion, aminotransferases (ALT and AST) were determined in blood samples. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), paraoxonase-1 (PON1), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and the mRNA expression of SOD1 were determined in liver homogenates after reperfusion. Different regions of livers were also histologically evaluated. Results The PON1 activity was higher, and the TBARS level was lower in SIR than in CIR. There was an inverse relationship between TBARS and PON1 levels in the whole cohort. The GPx activity was lower in ischemic than in nonischemic groups regardless of the STG treatment. In SIR, the SOD1 activity was higher compared to that in CIR. In S, the expression of SOD1 mRNA was the highest of all examined groups and positively correlated with the SOD1 activity in the whole animal cohort. During IR aminotransferases, the activity in the drug-treated group was lower in all examined points of time. In drug-treated groups, the percentage of steatosis was higher than that in nontreated groups regardless of IR. Conclusions The protective effect of STG on the rat liver, especially its antioxidant properties, was revealed under IR conditions.
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Oxidative Stress and Renal Fibrosis: Mechanisms and Therapies. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1165:585-604. [PMID: 31399986 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-8871-2_29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress results from the disruption of the redox system marked by a notable overproduction of reactive oxygen species. There are four major sources of reactive oxygen species, including NADPH oxidases, mitochondria, nitric oxide synthases, and xanthine oxidases. It is well known that renal abnormalities trigger the production of reactive oxygen species by diverse mechanisms under various pathologic stimuli, such as acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, nephrotic syndrome, and metabolic disturbances. Mutually, accumulating evidences have identified that oxidative stress plays an essential role in tubulointerstitial fibrosis by myofibroblast activation as well as in glomerulosclerosis by mesangial sclerosis, podocyte abnormality, and parietal epithelial cell injury. Given the involvement of oxidative stress in renal fibrosis, therapies targeting oxidative stress seem promising in renal fibrosis management. In this review, we sketch the updated knowledge of the mechanisms of oxidative stress generation during renal diseases, the pathogenic processes of oxidative stress elicited renal fibrosis and treatments targeting oxidative stress during tubulointerstitial fibrosis and glomerulosclerosis.
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Relationship Between Oxidative Stress, ER Stress, and Inflammation in Type 2 Diabetes: The Battle Continues. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8091385. [PMID: 31487953 PMCID: PMC6780404 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8091385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 314] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia and insulin resistance in which oxidative stress is thought to be a primary cause. Considering that mitochondria are the main source of ROS, we have set out to provide a general overview on how oxidative stress is generated and related to T2D. Enhanced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress occurs in mitochondria as a consequence of an overload of glucose and oxidative phosphorylation. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress plays an important role in oxidative stress, as it is also a source of ROS. The tight interconnection between both organelles through mitochondrial-associated membranes (MAMs) means that the ROS generated in mitochondria promote ER stress. Therefore, a state of stress and mitochondrial dysfunction are consequences of this vicious cycle. The implication of mitochondria in insulin release and the exposure of pancreatic β-cells to hyperglycemia make them especially susceptible to oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. In fact, crosstalk between both mechanisms is related with alterations in glucose homeostasis and can lead to the diabetes-associated insulin-resistance status. In the present review, we discuss the current knowledge of the relationship between oxidative stress, mitochondria, ER stress, inflammation, and lipotoxicity in T2D.
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Ghasemi A, Hashemy SI, Azimi-Nezhad M, Dehghani A, Saeidi J, Mohtashami M. The cross-talk between adipokines and miRNAs in health and obesity-mediated diseases. Clin Chim Acta 2019; 499:41-53. [PMID: 31476303 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple studies have revealed a direct correlation between obesity and the development of multiple comorbidities, including metabolic diseases, cardiovascular disorders, chronic inflammatory disease, and cancers. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the link between obesity and the progression of these diseases is not completely understood. Adipokines are factors that are secreted by adipocytes and play a key role in whole body homeostasis. Collaboratively, miRNAs are suggested to have key functions in the development of obesity and obesity-related disorders. Based on recently emerging evidence, obesity leads to the dysregulation of both adipokines and obesity-related miRNAs. In the present study, we described the correlations between obesity and its related diseases that are mediated by the mutual regulatory effects of adipokines and miRNAs. METHODS We reviewed current knowledge of the modulatory effects of adipokines on miRNAs activity and their relevant functions in pathological conditions and vice versa. RESULTS Our research reveals the ability of adipokines and miRNAs to control the expression and activity of the other class of molecules, and their effects on obesity-related diseases. CONCLUSIONS This study may help researchers develop a roadmap for future investigations and provide opportunities to develop new therapeutic and diagnostic methods for treating obesity-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Ghasemi
- Non-communicable Disease Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran.
| | - Seyed Isaac Hashemy
- Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Mohsen Azimi-Nezhad
- Non-communicable Disease Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran; UMR INSERM U 1122, IGE-PCV, Interactions Gène-Environment en Physiopathologie Cardiovascular Université de Lorraine, France
| | - Alireza Dehghani
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jafar Saeidi
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Science, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Mohtashami
- Department of Biology, School of Basic Science, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran
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Shi W, Zhang D, Wang L, Sreeharsha N, Ning Y. Curcumin synergistically potentiates the protective effect of sitagliptin against chronic deltamethrin nephrotoxicity in rats: Impact on pro-inflammatory cytokines and Nrf2/Ho-1 pathway. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2019; 33:e22386. [PMID: 31454128 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Revised: 06/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Deltamethrin (DLM) is a synthesized organophosphorus acaricide and bug spray, broadly utilized for veterinary and farming purposes. Although its exposure to humans and animals causes toxicity in the kidney and other primary organs, our objective was to assess the defensive effects of sitagliptin (Sita) and additionally curcumin (Cur) in the DLM-intoxicated rats' kidney. DLM-intoxicated rats revealed a huge increase of various biochemical parameters in serum identified with kidney damage: uric acid, urea, and creatinine. DLM intoxication altogether increased renal lipid peroxidation, and critically restrained antioxidative biomarkers including superoxide dismutase, glutathione, and glutathione peroxidase. Likewise, it increased the tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin 6 (IL-6) and IL-1β level in serum. Additionally, DLM intoxication diminished the outflow of the nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) pathway in rats. Both Sita and Cur act against DLM-prompted serum along with renal tissue biochemical parameters when utilized alone or in a mix alongside DLM intoxication. Besides this, both Sita and Cur delivered synergetic nephroprotective, antioxidative, and anti-inflammatory impacts. Consequently, it could be presumed that Sita as well as Cur administration can limit the poisonous impacts of DLM by their free radical-scavenging, strong antioxidant, and Nrf2/HO-1 pathway upregulation activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Shinan, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Daisong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Qingdao Hiser Medical Center, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Qingdao Center Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Nagaraja Sreeharsha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yushan Ning
- Department of Pharmacy, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Shinan, Qingdao, Shandong, China
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Li Y, Tian Q, Li Z, Dang M, Lin Y, Hou X. Activation of Nrf2 signaling by sitagliptin and quercetin combination against β‐amyloid induced Alzheimer's disease in rats. Drug Dev Res 2019; 80:837-845. [PMID: 31301179 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuping Li
- Department of OrthopedicsBin Zhou People's Hospital Binzhou Shandong Province China
| | - Qiangyuan Tian
- Department of Internal NeurologyBin Zhou People's Hospital Binzhou Shandong Province China
| | - Zhe Li
- Department of OrthopedicsBin Zhou People's Hospital Binzhou Shandong Province China
| | - Minyan Dang
- Innoscience Research Sdn Bhd Subang Jaya Selangor Malaysia
| | - Yukiat Lin
- Innoscience Research Sdn Bhd Subang Jaya Selangor Malaysia
| | - Xunyao Hou
- Department of Senile NeurologyProvincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University Jinan Shandong China
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Anderluh M, Kocic G, Tomovic K, Kocic H, Smelcerovic A. DPP-4 inhibition: А novel therapeutic approach to the treatment of pulmonary hypertension? Pharmacol Ther 2019; 201:1-7. [PMID: 31095977 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2019.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a progressive disorder characterized by alterations of the vascular structure and function in the lungs. Despite the success in its stabilisation by targeting pulmonary vascular tone and endothelial dysfunction, the prognosis remains poor and new therapeutic approaches via neglected macromolecular targets are needed. In the pathophysiology of PH the early stages of vascular remodelling are considered to be reversible, while endothelial to mesenchymal transition and proliferation/migration of fibroblasts play a critical role in staging the irreversible phase. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4)/CD26 is present and active in the lungs and is expressed constitutively on lung fibroblasts, on which it exerts proliferative effects. Further, it is a marker of migrating fibroblasts and of their functional activation, including collagen synthesis and inflammatory cytokine secretion. Inhibiting DPP-4 improves the reversible phases of vascular dysfunction in PH, but is also highly likely to attenuate endothelial to mesenchymal transition and decrease the proliferation and migration of fibroblasts, preventing fibrosis and, consequently, should prolong or even inhibit entrance to the potentially irreversible phase of PH. Proposed mechanisms that support the multifaceted aspects of DPP-4 inhibition in terms of improving PH, involve pathways and mediators in pulmonary vascular and connective tissue remodelling. The latter are affected by the inhibition of this protease resulting in the synergistic beneficial antioxidative, anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic effects. We offer here an evidence-supported hypothesis that DPP-4 inhibitors are likely to be effective in the irreversible phase of remodelling in PH. Accordingly, we propose PH as a possible novel therapeutic indication for existing and new DPP-4 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko Anderluh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Askerceva 7, SI-1000, Slovenia.
| | - Gordana Kocic
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nis, Bulevar Dr Zorana Djindjica 81, 18000 Nis, Serbia
| | - Katarina Tomovic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nis, Bulevar Dr Zorana Djindjica 81, 18000 Nis, Serbia
| | - Hristina Kocic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Magdalenski trg 5, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Andrija Smelcerovic
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nis, Bulevar Dr Zorana Djindjica 81, 18000 Nis, Serbia.
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Qiu DD, Liu J, Shi JS, An Y, Ge YC, Zhou ML, Jiang S. Renoprotection Provided by Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors in Combination with Angiotensin Receptor Blockers in Patients with Type 2 Diabetic Nephropathy. Chin Med J (Engl) 2019; 131:2658-2665. [PMID: 30425192 PMCID: PMC6247590 DOI: 10.4103/0366-6999.245277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Treatment with the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4i) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) in patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy (DN) has not been well characterized. This study aimed to assess the renoprotection of this combined treatment in DN patients. Methods: A total of 159 type 2 DN patients from 2013 to 2015 were enrolled retrospectively from a prospective DN cohort at the National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital (China). Fifty-seven patients received DPP4i and ARB treatment, and 102 patients were treated with ARBs alone. All patients were followed up for at least 12 months. Statistical analyses were performed using Stata version 12.0. Results: There were no significant differences at baseline for age, sex, body mass index, duration of diabetes, fasting blood glucose (FBG), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) between the two groups. Antihypertensive and antidiabetic medication use was similar in each group except calcium channel antagonists (P = 0.032). No significant changes in FBG and HbA1c were observed in the two groups after treatment. The eGFR decreased slower in the DPP4i + ARB group than in the ARB group at 12 months (Δ12 months: −2.48 ± 13.86 vs. −6.81 ± 12.52 ml·min–1·1.73m–2, P = 0.044). In addition, proteinuria was decreased further in the DPP4i + ARB group than in the ARB group after 24 months of treatment (Δ24 months: −0.18 [−1.00, 0.17] vs. 0.32 [−0.35, 0.88], P = 0.031). There were 36 patients with an eGFR decrease of more than 30% over 24 months. After adjusting for FBG, HbA1c, and other risk factors, DPP4i + ARB treatment was still associated with a reduced incidence of an eGFR decrease of 20% or 30%. Conclusions: The combined treatment of DPP4i and ARBs is superior to ARBs alone, as evidenced by the greater proteinuria reduction and lower eGFR decline. In addition, the renoprotection of DPP4i combined with ARBs was independent of glycemic control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Dan Qiu
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, China
| | - Jing-Song Shi
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, China
| | - Yu An
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, China
| | - Yong-Chun Ge
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, China
| | - Min-Lin Zhou
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, China
| | - Song Jiang
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, China
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Nascimento LRD, Domingueti CP. MicroRNAs: new biomarkers and promising therapeutic targets for diabetic kidney disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 41:412-422. [PMID: 30742700 PMCID: PMC6788850 DOI: 10.1590/2175-8239-jbn-2018-0165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a chronic complication of diabetes mellitus associated with significant morbidity and mortality regarded as a global health issue. MicroRNAs - small RNA molecules responsible for the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression by degradation of messenger RNA or translational repression of protein synthesis - rank among the factors linked to the development and progression of DKD. This study aimed to offer a narrative review on investigations around the use of microRNAs in the diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment of DKD. Various microRNAs are involved in the pathogenesis of DKD, while others have a role in nephroprotection and thus serve as promising therapeutic targets for DKD. Serum and urine microRNAs levels have also been considered in the early diagnosis and monitoring of individuals with DKD, since increases in albuminuria, decreases in the glomerular filtration rate, and progression of DKD have been linked to changes in the levels of some microRNAs.
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Darbandi M, Darbandi S, Agarwal A, Baskaran S, Sengupta P, Dutta S, Mokarram P, Saliminejad K, Sadeghi MR. Oxidative stress-induced alterations in seminal plasma antioxidants: Is there any association with keap1 gene methylation in human spermatozoa? Andrologia 2018; 51:e13159. [PMID: 30298637 DOI: 10.1111/and.13159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (keap1)-nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway is one of the master regulators of cellular defence against oxidative stress. Epigenetic alterations like hypermethylation of keap1 gene impair keap1-Nrf2 system in several oxidative stress-associated diseases. The objective of this study was to evaluate the epigenetic status of keap1 in sperm DNA of normozoospermic subjects, having different levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in seminal plasma. Semen samples were obtained from 151 apparently healthy male partners of couples who attended the Avicenna infertility clinic. Samples were categorised into four groups according to their ROS levels: group A (n = 39, ROS < 20 RLU/s per 106 spermatozoa), group B (n = 38, 20 ≤ ROS < 40 RLU/s per 106 spermatozoa), group C (n = 31, 40 ≤ ROS < 60 RLU/s per 106 spermatozoa) and group D; (n = 43, ROS ≥ 60 RLU/s per 106 spermatozoa). Keap1 methylation status was assessed using methylation-specific PCR along with seminal total antioxidant capacity. The results showed no significant alterations in keap1 methylation in any groups, whereas the total antioxidant capacity enhanced with increasing levels of ROS exposure. These results indicate that keap1 was not methylated during ROS elevation and oxidative stress, suggesting that the cells have adopted other mechanisms to elevate antioxidant level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Darbandi
- Department of Embryology and Andrology, Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Darbandi
- Department of Embryology and Andrology, Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Saradha Baskaran
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Pallav Sengupta
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, MAHSA University, Jenjarom, Malaysia
| | - Sulagna Dutta
- Faculty of Dentistry, MAHSA University, Jenjarom, Malaysia
| | - Pooneh Mokarram
- Department of Biochemistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Kioomars Saliminejad
- Department of Embryology and Andrology, Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Sadeghi
- Monoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute (ARI), ACECR, Tehran, Iran
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Yaribeygi H, Katsiki N, Behnam B, Iranpanah H, Sahebkar A. MicroRNAs and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Molecular mechanisms and the effect of antidiabetic drug treatment. Metabolism 2018; 87:48-55. [PMID: 30253864 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2018.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), the most prevalent metabolic disease, is rapidly growing worldwide. T2DM has several underlying causes involved in its development. In recent decades, there is compelling evidence demonstrating that microRNAs (miRs) are implicated in the pathophysiology of T2DM. miRs are small non-coding RNAs which serve as endogenous gene regulators by binding to specific sequences in RNA and modifying gene expression toward up- or down-regulation. T2DM occurrence and complications may be influenced by increasing or decreasing the activity of some miRs. In the present narrative review, we comment on four molecular pathways/mechanisms that mediate the link between T2DM and different forms of miRs. These mechanisms include involvement of miRs in beta cells development, insulin sensitivity/resistance, insulin production/secretion and insulin signaling. The effects of antidiabetic drugs on miRs are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habib Yaribeygi
- Chronic Kidney Disease Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Niki Katsiki
- Second Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Hippokration Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Behzad Behnam
- Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Herbal and Traditional Medicines Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Helia Iranpanah
- Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Zhang J, Xu Z, Gu J, Jiang S, Liu Q, Zheng Y, Freedman JH, Sun J, Cai L. HDAC3 inhibition in diabetic mice may activate Nrf2 preventing diabetes-induced liver damage and FGF21 synthesis and secretion leading to aortic protection. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2018; 315:E150-E162. [PMID: 29634312 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00465.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Vascular complications are common pathologies associated with type 1 diabetes. In recent years, histone deacetylation enzyme (HDAC) inhibitors have been shown to be successful in preventing atherosclerosis. To investigate the mechanism for HDAC3 inhibition in preventing diabetic aortic pathologies, male OVE26 type 1 diabetic mice and age-matched wild-type (FVB) mice were given the HDAC3-specific inhibitor RGFP-966 or vehicle for 3 mo. These mice were then euthanized immediately or maintained for an additional 3 mo without treatment. Levels of aortic inflammation and fibrosis and plasma and fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) levels were determined. Because the liver is the major organ for FGF21 synthesis in diabetic animals, the effects of HDAC3 inhibition on hepatic FGF21 synthesis were examined. Additionally, hepatic miR-200a and kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) expression and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) nuclear translocation were measured. HDAC3 inhibition significantly reduced aortic fibrosis and inflammation in OVE26 mice at both 3 and 6 mo. Plasma FGF21 levels were significantly higher in RGFP-966-treated OVE26 mice compared with vehicle-treated mice at both time points. It also significantly reduced hepatic pathologies associated with diabetes, accompanied by increased FGF21 mRNA and protein expression. HDAC3 inhibition also increased miR-200a expression, reduced Keap1 protein levels, and increased Nrf2 nuclear translocation with an upregulation of antioxidant gene and FGF21 transcription. Our results support a model where HDAC3 inhibition may promote Nrf2 activity by increasing miR-200a expression with a concomitant decrease in Keap1 to preserve hepatic FGF21 synthesis. The preservation of hepatic FGF21 synthesis ultimately leads to a reduction in diabetes-induced aorta pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- Cardiovascular Center, the First Hospital of Jilin University , Changchun, Jilin , China
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Research Institute, University of Louisville , Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Zheng Xu
- Cardiovascular Center, the First Hospital of Jilin University , Changchun, Jilin , China
| | - Junlian Gu
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Research Institute, University of Louisville , Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Saizhi Jiang
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Research Institute, University of Louisville , Louisville, Kentucky
- Department of Pediatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou, Zhejiang , China
| | - Quan Liu
- Cardiovascular Center, the First Hospital of Jilin University , Changchun, Jilin , China
| | - Yang Zheng
- Cardiovascular Center, the First Hospital of Jilin University , Changchun, Jilin , China
| | - Jonathan H Freedman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville , Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Jian Sun
- Cardiovascular Center, the First Hospital of Jilin University , Changchun, Jilin , China
| | - Lu Cai
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Research Institute, University of Louisville , Louisville, Kentucky
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville , Louisville, Kentucky
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Gholaminejad A, Abdul Tehrani H, Gholami Fesharaki M. Identification of candidate microRNA biomarkers in diabetic nephropathy: a meta-analysis of profiling studies. J Nephrol 2018; 31:813-831. [PMID: 30019103 DOI: 10.1007/s40620-018-0511-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The aim was to perform a meta-analysis on the miRNA expression profiling studies in diabetic nephropathy (DN) to identify candidate diagnostic biomarkers. METHODS A comprehensive literature search was done in several databases and 53 DN miRNA expression studies were selected. To identify significant DN-miR meta-signatures, two meta-analysis methods were employed: vote-counting strategy and the robust rank aggregation method. The targets of DN-miRs were obtained and a gene set enrichment analysis was carried out to identify the pathways most strongly affected by dysregulation of these miRNAs. RESULTS We identified a significant miRNA meta-signature common to both meta-analysis approaches of three up-regulated (miR-21-5p, miR-146a-5p, miR-10a-5p) and two down-regulated (miR-25-3p and miR-26a-5p) miRNAs. Besides that, subgroup analyses divided and compared the differentially expressed miRNAs according to species (human and animal), types of diabetes (T1DN and T2DN) and tissue types (kidney, blood and urine). Enrichment analysis confirmed that DN-miRs supportively target functionally related genes in signaling and community pathways in DN. CONCLUSION Five highly significant and consistently dysregulated miRNAs were identified, and future studies should focus on discovering their potential effect on DN and their clinical value as DN biomarkers and therapeutic mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alieh Gholaminejad
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Jalal Al Ahmad Street, No. 7, P.O. Box 14115-111, Tehran, Tehran Province, Iran
| | - Hossein Abdul Tehrani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Jalal Al Ahmad Street, No. 7, P.O. Box 14115-111, Tehran, Tehran Province, Iran.
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Linagliptin unmasks specific antioxidant pathways protective against albuminuria and kidney hypertrophy in a mouse model of diabetes. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0200249. [PMID: 29979777 PMCID: PMC6034861 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0200249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 06/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors may have protective effects on diabetic kidney disease (DKD) via specific antioxidant pathways. The DPP-4 inhibitor, linagliptin, was evaluated with the hypothesis that DPP-4 inhibition would ameliorate the development of DKD in a glucose-independent manner by altering specific antioxidant function. METHODS DBA/2J mice (a well-characterized model of DKD) and glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficient mice (a model of impaired antioxidant function) were evaluated. Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin. Mice were divided into: diabetic (DM), diabetic+linagliptin (DM+Lina), and non-diabetic control and treated for 12 weeks. RESULTS In DBA/2J mice, there was no difference in body weight and blood glucose between DM and DM+Lina groups. Linagliptin ameliorated albuminuria and kidney hypertrophy in DM DBA/2J mice and specifically increased the mRNA and protein levels for the antioxidants catalase and MnSOD. In G6PD deficient mice, however, increases in these mRNA levels did not occur and linagliptin renoprotection was not observed. Linagliptin also ameliorated histological trends toward mesangial expansion in wild-type mice but not in G6PD deficient mice. CONCLUSIONS Linagliptin renoprotection involved glucose-independent but antioxidant-enzyme-system-dependent increases in transcription (not just increased protein levels) of antioxidant proteins in wild-type mice. These studies demonstrate that an intact antioxidant system, in particular including transcription of catalase and MnSOD, is required for the renoprotective effects of linagliptin.
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Oh YS, Jun HS. Effects of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 on Oxidative Stress and Nrf2 Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 19:ijms19010026. [PMID: 29271910 PMCID: PMC5795977 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19010026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative cellular damage caused by free radicals is known to contribute to the pathogenesis of various diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and neurodegenerative diseases, as well as to aging. The transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and Kelch-like ECH-associated protein1 (Keap1) signaling pathways play an important role in preventing stresses including oxidative and inflammatory stresses. Nrf2 is a master regulator of cellular stress responses, induces the expression of antioxidant and detoxification enzymes, and protects against oxidative stress-induced cell damage. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is an incretin hormone, which was originally found to increase insulin synthesis and secretion. It is now widely accepted that GLP-1 has multiple functions beyond glucose control in various tissues and organs including brain, kidney, and heart. GLP-1 and GLP-1 receptor agonists are known to be effective in many chronic diseases, including diabetes, via antioxidative mechanisms. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge regarding the role of GLP-1 in the protection against oxidative damage and the activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Sin Oh
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Eulji University, Seongnam 13135, Korea.
| | - Hee-Sook Jun
- College of Pharmacy and Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Korea.
- Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Korea.
- Gachon Medical Research Institute, Gil Hospital, Incheon 21565, Korea.
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