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Deng J, Yuan S, Pan W, Li Q, Chen Z. Nanotherapy to Reshape the Tumor Microenvironment: A New Strategy for Prostate Cancer Treatment. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:26878-26899. [PMID: 38947792 PMCID: PMC11209918 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c03055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common cancer in males worldwide. Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is the primary treatment method used for PCa. Although more effective androgen synthesis and antiandrogen inhibitors have been developed for clinical practice, hormone resistance increases the incidence of ADT-insensitive prostate cancer and poor prognoses. The tumor microenvironment (TME) has become a research hotspot with efforts to identify treatment targets based on the characteristics of the TME to improve prognosis. Herein, we introduce the basic characteristics of the PCa TME and the side effects of traditional prostate cancer treatments. We further highlight the emergence of novel nanotherapy strategies, their therapeutic mechanisms, and their effects on the PCa microenvironment. With further research, clinical applications of nanotherapy for PCa are expected in the near future. Collectively, this Review provides a valuable resource regarding the various nanotherapy types, demonstrating their broad clinical prospects to improve the quality of life in patients with PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Deng
- The
Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical university, Wenzhou, 325200, China
- The
First Clinical College of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China
| | - Shaofei Yuan
- The
Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical university, Wenzhou, 325200, China
| | - Wenjie Pan
- The
Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical university, Wenzhou, 325200, China
| | - Qimeng Li
- The
Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical university, Wenzhou, 325200, China
| | - Zhonglin Chen
- The
Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical university, Wenzhou, 325200, China
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Sathiyaseelan A, Zhang X, Wang MH. Biosynthesis of gallic acid fabricated tellurium nanoparticles (GA-Te NPs) for enhanced antibacterial, antioxidant, and cytotoxicity applications. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 240:117461. [PMID: 37890834 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
The development of antibiotic resistance and the onset of diverse forms of cancer necessitate the utilization of innovative multifunctional biocompatible materials. The synthesis of metal and metalloid nanoparticles through eco-friendly means demonstrates promising potential in therapeutic and diagnostic domains. Among these materials, Tellurium (Te) exhibits exceptional characteristics and finds application in numerous fields; nevertheless, its usage in biological applications has been somewhat limited, primarily due to its inherent toxicity. Furthermore, nanomaterials developed from Te have not garnered adequate research attention. Conversely, nanomaterials fashioned using biomolecules augment their biological efficacy and applicability. Therefore, the present work focuses on synthesizing the tellurium nanoparticles (Te NPs) using the antioxidant molecule gallic acid (GA) and evaluating their biological activity and toxicity for the first time. The study evidenced that GA-Te NPs are spherical and monodispersed, with an average size of 19.74 ± 5.3 nm. XRD analysis confirmed a hexagonal crystalline structure for GA-Te NPs, and FTIR analysis evidenced the capping of GA on Te NPs. GA-Te NPs (MIC: 1.56 μg/mL) strongly reduce the growth and biofilm formation of S. aureus, E. coli, and S. enterica. Additionally, GA-Te NPs at a concentration of 50 μg/mL cause a significant level of toxicity in BT474 breast cancer cells but not in NIH3T3 cells. Unexpectedly, GA-Te NPs at concentrations <250 μg/mL do not cause hemolysis in red blood cells (RBC) Besides, the way of utilizing the lower concentrations of therapeutics could result in ecological safety. Therefore, the study concludes that GA-Te NPs could be used as potential multifunctional agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anbazhagan Sathiyaseelan
- Department of Bio-Health Convergence, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea.
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Bio-Health Convergence, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea.
| | - Myeong-Hyeon Wang
- Department of Bio-Health Convergence, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea.
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3
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Yuan YG, Zhang YX, Liu SZ, Reza AMMT, Wang JL, Li L, Cai HQ, Zhong P, Kong IK. Multiple RNA Profiling Reveal Epigenetic Toxicity Effects of Oxidative Stress by Graphene Oxide Silver Nanoparticles in-vitro. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:2855-2871. [PMID: 37283715 PMCID: PMC10239647 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s373161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The increasing industrial and biomedical utilization of graphene oxide silver nanoparticles (GO-AgNPs) raises the concern of nanosafety: exposure to the AgNPs or GO-AgNPs increases the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), causes DNA damage and alters the expression of whole transcriptome including mRNA, miRNA, tRNA, lncRNA, circRNA and others. Although the roles of different RNAs in epigenetic toxicity are being studied during the last decade, but still we have little knowledge about the role of circle RNAs (circRNAs) in epigenetic toxicity. Methods Rabbit fetal fibroblast cells (RFFCs) were treated with 0, 8, 16, 24, 32 and 48 μg/mL GO-AgNPs to test the cell viability and 24 μg/mL GO-AgNPs was selected as the experimental dose. After 24 h treatment with 24 μg/mL GO-AgNPs, the level of ROS, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), intracellular ATP, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione reductase (Gr) were measured in the RFFCs. High-throughput whole transcriptome sequencing was performed to compare the expression of circRNAs, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) and mRNA between 24 μg/mL GO-AgNPs-treated RFFCs and control cells. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis was performed to validate the accuracy of circRNA sequencing data. Bioinformatics analyses were performed to reveal the potential functional roles and related pathways of differentially expressed circRNAs, lncRNA and mRNA and to construct a circRNA-miRNA-mRNA interaction network. Results We found that 57 circRNAs, 75 lncRNAs, and 444 mRNAs were upregulated while 35 circRNAs, 21 lncRNAs, and 186 mRNAs were downregulated. These differentially expressed genes are mainly involved in the transcriptional mis-regulation of cancer through several pathways: MAPK signaling pathway (circRNAs), non-homologous end-joining (lncRNAs), as well as PPAR and TGF-beta signaling pathways (mRNAs). Conclusion These data revealed the potential roles of circRNAs in the GO-AgNPs induced toxicity through oxidative damage, which would be the basis for further research to determine their roles in the regulation of different biological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Guo Yuan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ya-Xin Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Song-Zi Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Abu Musa Md Talimur Reza
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Faculty of Basic Sciences, Gebze Technical University, Kocaeli, Republic of Turkiye
| | - Jia-Lin Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ling Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - He-Qing Cai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ping Zhong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Il-Keun Kong
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam Province, Republic of Korea
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4
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Yuan YG, Xing YT, Liu SZ, Li L, Reza AMMT, Cai HQ, Wang JL, Wu P, Zhong P, Kong IK. Identification of circular RNAs expression pattern in caprine fetal fibroblast cells exposed to a chronic non-cytotoxic dose of graphene oxide-silver nanoparticle nanocomposites. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1090814. [PMID: 37020511 PMCID: PMC10069586 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1090814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The widespread use of graphene oxide-silver nanoparticle nanocomposites (GO-AgNPs) in biomedical sciences is increasing the chances of human and animal exposure to its chronic non-toxic doses. Exposure to AgNPs-related nanomaterials may result in the negative effect on the dam, fetus and offspring. However, there are only little available information for profound understanding of the epigenetic alteration in the cells and animals caused by low-dose chronic exposure of GO-AgNPs. The present study investigated the effect of 0.5 μg/mL GO-AgNPs for 10 weeks on the differential expression of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in caprine fetal fibroblast cells (CFFCs), and this dose of GO-AgNPs did not affect cell viability and ROS level. We predicted the functions of those differentially expressed (DE) circRNAs in CFFCs by bioinformatics analysis. Furthermore, we validated the expression of ten DE circRNAs using quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) to ensure the reliability of the sequencing data. Our results showed that the DE circRNAs may potentially regulate the GO-AgNPs-inducing epigenetic toxicity through a regulatory network consisted of circRNAs, miRNAs and messenger RNAs (mRNAs). Therefore, the epigenetics toxicity is essential to assess the biosafety level of GO-AgNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Guo Yuan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yu-Guo Yuan, ; Ping Zhong, ; Il-Keun Kong,
| | - Yi-Tian Xing
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Song-Zi Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Ling Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Abu Musa Md Talimur Reza
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Gebze Technical University, Gebze, Kocaeli, Türkiye
| | - He-Qing Cai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Lin Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Pengfei Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Ping Zhong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yu-Guo Yuan, ; Ping Zhong, ; Il-Keun Kong,
| | - Il-Keun Kong
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
- *Correspondence: Yu-Guo Yuan, ; Ping Zhong, ; Il-Keun Kong,
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Taheriazam A, Abad GGY, Hajimazdarany S, Imani MH, Ziaolhagh S, Zandieh MA, Bayanzadeh SD, Mirzaei S, Hamblin MR, Entezari M, Aref AR, Zarrabi A, Ertas YN, Ren J, Rajabi R, Paskeh MDA, Hashemi M, Hushmandi K. Graphene oxide nanoarchitectures in cancer biology: Nano-modulators of autophagy and apoptosis. J Control Release 2023; 354:503-522. [PMID: 36641122 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology is a growing field, with many potential biomedical applications of nanomedicine for the treatment of different diseases, particularly cancer, on the horizon. Graphene oxide (GO) nanoparticles can act as carbon-based nanocarriers with advantages such as a large surface area, good mechanical strength, and the capacity for surface modification. These nanostructures have been extensively used in cancer therapy for drug and gene delivery, photothermal therapy, overcoming chemotherapy resistance, and for imaging procedures. In the current review, we focus on the biological functions of GO nanoparticles as regulators of apoptosis and autophagy, the two major forms of programmed cell death. GO nanoparticles can either induce or inhibit autophagy in cancer cells, depending on the conditions. By stimulating autophagy, GO nanocarriers can promote the sensitivity of cancer cells to chemotherapy. However, by impairing autophagy flux, GO nanoparticles can reduce cell survival and enhance inflammation. Similarly, GO nanomaterials can increase ROS production and induce DNA damage, thereby sensitizing cancer cells to apoptosis. In vitro and in vivo experiments have investigated whether GO nanomaterials show any toxicity in major body organs, such as the brain, liver, spleen, and heart. Molecular pathways, such as ATG, MAPK, JNK, and Akt, can be regulated by GO nanomaterials, leading to effects on autophagy and apoptosis. These topics are discussed in this review to shed some lights towards the biomedical potential of GO nanoparticles and their biocompatibility, paving the way for their future application in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afshin Taheriazam
- Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghazaleh Gholamiyan Yousef Abad
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shima Hajimazdarany
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hassan Imani
- Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Shahr-e kord Branch, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari, Iran
| | - Setayesh Ziaolhagh
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Arad Zandieh
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Sepideh Mirzaei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa; Radiation Biology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maliheh Entezari
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Reza Aref
- Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Vice President at Translational Sciences, Xsphera Biosciences Inc., 6 Tide Street, Boston, MA, 02210, USA
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istinye University, Istanbul 34396, Turkey
| | - Yavuz Nuri Ertas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey; ERNAM-Nanotechnology Research and Application Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Jun Ren
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Romina Rajabi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mahshid Deldar Abad Paskeh
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mehrdad Hashemi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
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Dewanjee S, Chakraborty P, Bhattacharya H, Singh SK, Dua K, Dey A, Jha NK. Recent advances in flavonoid-based nanocarriers as an emerging drug delivery approach for cancer chemotherapy. Drug Discov Today 2023; 28:103409. [PMID: 36265733 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2022.103409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids are an interesting class of biomolecules, which exhibit cancer-inhibitory effects through both chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic activities. However, their therapeutic efficacy is affected by poor pharmacokinetics (PK) and biopharmaceutical attributes. One of the most promising approaches to resolve these issues is to formulate flavonoids in nanosystems. Different flavonoid nanoformulations have shown therapeutic superiority over free flavonoids. Functionalization of nanoparticles (NPs) further improves their therapeutic efficacy by facilitating site-specific delivery and reducing nonspecific toxicities. In this review, we highlight recent developments in the field of flavonoid-based NPs to gain translational insights into the potential applications of flavonoid-based nanocarriers in cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saikat Dewanjee
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India.
| | - Pratik Chakraborty
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Hiranmoy Bhattacharya
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India; Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia; Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata 700073, West Bengal, India.
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology (SET), Sharda University, Greater Noida 201310, India; Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied & Life Sciences (SALS), Uttaranchal University, Dehradun 248007, India; Department of Biotechnology Engineering and Food Technology, Chandigarh University, Mohali 140413, India.
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Saranya T, Kavithaa K, Paulpandi M, Ramya S, Winster SH, Mani G, Dhayalan S, Balachandar V, Narayanasamy A. The creation of selenium nanoparticles decorated with troxerutin and their ability to adapt to the tumour microenvironment have therapeutic implications for triple-negative breast cancer. NEW J CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj05671b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
The unique use of selenium–troxerutin nanoconjugates as an effective management therapy for treating TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiruvenkataswamy Saranya
- Disease Proteomics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, TN, India
| | - Krishnamoorthy Kavithaa
- Department of Biotechnology, Hindusthan College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore 641028, TN, India
| | - Manickam Paulpandi
- Disease Proteomics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, TN, India
| | - Sennimalai Ramya
- Disease Proteomics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, TN, India
- Department of Zoology, PSGR Krishnammal College for Women, Coimbatore 641004, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sureshbabu Harysh Winster
- Disease Proteomics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, TN, India
| | - Geetha Mani
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, TN, India
| | - Sangeetha Dhayalan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, TN, India
| | - Vellingiri Balachandar
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, TN, India
- Stem cell and Regenerative Medicine/Translational Research, Department of Zoology, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab 151401, India
| | - Arul Narayanasamy
- Disease Proteomics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, TN, India
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Palei NN, Krishnan SN, Jayaraman R, Reddy SH, Balaji A, Samanta MK, Mohanta BC. Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles of Vernonia cinerea Leaf Extract and their In vitro Cytotoxicity Activity against Neuroblastoma SHSY-5Y Cell Lines, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Studies. RECENT PATENTS ON NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 17:270-280. [PMID: 35619324 DOI: 10.2174/1872210516666220520144453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Green syntheses of silver nanoparticles using plant extracts have potential anti- cancer, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties, among other aspects. The aim of the present patent study was to synthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Vernonia cinerea plant extract. METHODS The AgNPs were successfully prepared and characterized using UV-Vis Spectrophotometer, particle size, Zeta potential, Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Energy-dispersive x-ray analysis (EDAX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometry. The in vitro cytotoxicity study was performed using neuroblastoma SHSY-5Y cell lines. Moreover, antimicrobial and antioxidant activity studies were also performed for AgNPs. RESULTS The size of AgNPs determined through the dynamic light scattering (DLS) technique was 49.5 nm and the zeta potential was -36.8 mV. The synthesized AgNPs were checked using UV-Visible spectroscopy at ƛmax 439 nm. The color was changed from green to dark brown, indicating the formation of AgNPs. The TEM study revealed that the nanoparticles were spherical in shape. The XRD pattern of AgNPs produced in this experiment was apparently crystalline. The results of FTIR study revealed that the majority of the obtained peaks correspond to the polyphenols, triterpenoids, and alkaloids which were abundant in the corresponding to the V. cinerea leaf extract and support to the formation of AgNPs. The cytotoxicity effect of the V. cinerea plant extract and biosynthesized AgNPs was found to be dosedependent. From the results of antimicrobial studies, it was reported that the gram negative bacteria were found to be more susceptible compared to the gram positive bacteria. Moreover, the results of antioxidant study revealed that the AgNPs showed good antioxidant activity (77.21%) in comparison to the V. cinerea plant extract (56.13%). CONCLUSION Based on the results, it could be concluded that the green synthesized silver nanoparticles showed promising anticancer, antioxidant, and anti-bacterial activities as compared to the plain V. cineria plant extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narahari N Palei
- School of Pharmacy, The Neotia University, Sarisha, West Bengal, 743 368, India
| | - S Navaneetha Krishnan
- Department of Phamacology, Dr. Kalam College of Pharmacy, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, 614 623, India
| | - R Jayaraman
- Department of Phamacology, Sree Vidyanikethan College of Pharmacy, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, 517102, India
| | - S Hemanth Reddy
- Department of Phamacology, Sree Vidyanikethan College of Pharmacy, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, 517102, India
| | - Anna Balaji
- Department of Phamacology, Sree Vidyanikethan College of Pharmacy, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, 517102, India
| | - Malay K Samanta
- School of Pharmacy, The Neotia University, Sarisha, West Bengal, 743 368, India
| | - Bibhash C Mohanta
- College of Pharmacy, Teerthanker Mahaveer University, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, 244001, India
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9
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Kundrapu DB, Malla RR. Advances in Quercetin for Drug-Resistant Cancer Therapy: Mechanisms, Applications, and Delivery Systems. Crit Rev Oncog 2023; 28:15-26. [PMID: 38050978 DOI: 10.1615/critrevoncog.2023049513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Quercetin (QUE), a natural flavone abundantly discovered in fruits, has gained attention for its potential health benefits due to its unique structure. In addition, epidemiological and clinical studies have shown promising antioxidant activity of QUE aiming to treat various diseases, including cancer. This article's purpose is to provide an overview of recent advances in the use of QUE for drug-resistant cancer therapies, focusing on its mechanisms, applications, and delivery systems. The review discusses the structure-function relationship of QUE and its role in mitigating various disorders. Furthermore, it highlights the impact of QUE on cancer and cancer stem cells, elucidating the signaling pathways at the cellular and molecular levels involved. Additionally, the review explores the mechanistic role of QUE in reversing drug resistance in different types of drug-resistant cancers. Moreover, it presents a comprehensive analysis of drug diverse delivery strategies employed for effective cancer treatment using QUE. Clinical studies investigating the safety and bioavailability of QUE are also discussed. Finally, the review concludes with future directions, emphasizing the use of cost-effective and efficient protein and peptide-based self-assembling hydrogels for targeted delivery of QUE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durga Bhavani Kundrapu
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, GITAM School of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam-530045, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Rama Rao Malla
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, School of Science, Gandhi Institute of Technology and Management (GITAM) (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam-530045, Andhra Pradesh, India; Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, School of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam-530045, Andhra Pradesh, India
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10
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Zhao JF, Zou FL, Zhu JF, Huang C, Bu FQ, Zhu ZM, Yuan RF. Nano-drug delivery system for pancreatic cancer: A visualization and bibliometric analysis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1025618. [PMID: 36330100 PMCID: PMC9622975 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1025618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Nano drug delivery system (NDDS) can significantly improve the delivery and efficacy of drugs against pancreatic cancer (PC) in many ways. The purpose of this study is to explore the related research fields of NDDS for PC from the perspective of bibliometrics. Methods: Articles and reviews on NDDS for PC published between 2003 and 2022 were obtained from the Web of Science Core Collection. CiteSpace, VOSviewer, R-bibliometrix, and Microsoft Excel were comprehensively used for bibliometric and visual analysis. Results: A total of 1329 papers on NDDS for PC were included. The number of papers showed an upward trend over the past 20 years. The United States contributed the most papers, followed by China, and India. Also, the United States had the highest number of total citations and H-index. The institution with the most papers was Chinese Acad Sci, which was also the most important in international institutional cooperation. Professors Couvreur P and Kazuoka K made great achievements in this field. JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE published the most papers and was cited the most. The topics related to the tumor microenvironment such as “tumor microenvironment”, “tumor penetration”, “hypoxia”, “exosome”, and “autophagy”, PC treatment-related topics such as “immunotherapy”, “combination therapy”, “alternating magnetic field/magnetic hyperthermia”, and “ultrasound”, and gene therapy dominated by “siRNA” and “miRNA” were the research hotspots in the field of NDDS for PC. Conclusion: This study systematically uncovered a holistic picture of the performance of NDDS for PC-related literature over the past 20 years. We provided scholars to understand key information in this field with the perspective of bibliometrics, which we believe may greatly facilitate future research in this field.
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Bioactive Flavonoid used as a Stabilizing Agent of Mono and Bimetallic Nanomaterials for Multifunctional Activities. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.16.3.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The multifunctional features of noble metal nanoparticles (MNPs) were exploited in various biomedical applications, which eventually demanded the development of a sustainable green synthesis approach. In the present study, Quercetin (Q) was employed as a promising green reductant for the generation of noble metal nanoparticles such as silver (Q-AgNPs), gold (Q-AuNPs), and bimetallic (Q-Ag-AuNPs) towards biomedical perspective. Initially, the NPs were successfully synthesized in a size-controlled manner via optimizing temperature, pH, metal ion concentration, and stoichiometric ratio of the reaction mix. The redox reaction and conversion of metal ions (Ag+ and Au3+) into their respective metal nano-forms were confirmed through their surface plasmonic resonance (SPR) in UV-visible spectroscopy. In addition, different instrumentation like FT-IR, XRD, HR-TEM, and XPS analyses were performed to confirm the size, shape, and chemical composition of fabricated NPs. The bactericidal effect of fabricated NPs was tested against Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens. Moreover, the cytotoxic potential was screened against breast (MCF-7) and colorectal (HCT-116) carcinoma cell lines. This work revealed that the flavonoid-functionalized noble metal NPs were associated with good antibacterial and anticancer potential against selected cancer cell lines.
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Paskeh MDA, Entezari M, Clark C, Zabolian A, Ranjbar E, Farahani MV, Saleki H, Sharifzadeh SO, Far FB, Ashrafizadeh M, Samarghandian S, Khan H, Ghavami S, Zarrabi A, Łos MJ. Targeted regulation of autophagy using nanoparticles: New insight into cancer therapy. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2022; 1868:166326. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2021.166326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Ristic B, Harhaji-Trajkovic L, Bosnjak M, Dakic I, Mijatovic S, Trajkovic V. Modulation of Cancer Cell Autophagic Responses by Graphene-Based Nanomaterials: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13164145. [PMID: 34439299 PMCID: PMC8392723 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13164145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Graphene-based nanomaterials (GNM) are one-to-several carbon atom-thick flakes of graphite with at least one lateral dimension <100 nm. The unique electronic structure, high surface-to-volume ratio, and relatively low toxicity make GNM potentially useful in cancer treatment. GNM such as graphene, graphene oxide, graphene quantum dots, and graphene nanofibers are able to induce autophagy in cancer cells. During autophagy the cell digests its own components in organelles called lysosomes, which can either kill cancer cells or promote their survival, as well as influence the immune response against the tumor. However, a deeper understanding of GNM-autophagy interaction at the mechanistic and functional level is needed before these findings could be exploited to increase GNM effectiveness as cancer therapeutics and drug delivery systems. In this review, we analyze molecular mechanisms of GNM-mediated autophagy modulation and its possible implications for the use of GNM in cancer therapy. Abstract Graphene-based nanomaterials (GNM) are plausible candidates for cancer therapeutics and drug delivery systems. Pure graphene and graphene oxide nanoparticles, as well as graphene quantum dots and graphene nanofibers, were all able to trigger autophagy in cancer cells through both transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms involving oxidative/endoplasmic reticulum stress, AMP-activated protein kinase, mechanistic target of rapamycin, mitogen-activated protein kinase, and Toll-like receptor signaling. This was often coupled with lysosomal dysfunction and subsequent blockade of autophagic flux, which additionally increased the accumulation of autophagy mediators that participated in apoptotic, necrotic, or necroptotic death of cancer cells and influenced the immune response against the tumor. In this review, we analyze molecular mechanisms and structure–activity relationships of GNM-mediated autophagy modulation, its consequences for cancer cell survival/death and anti-tumor immune response, and the possible implications for the use of GNM in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biljana Ristic
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (B.R.); (I.D.)
| | - Ljubica Harhaji-Trajkovic
- Department of Neurophysiology, Institute for Biological Research “Sinisa Stankovic”, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Mihajlo Bosnjak
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Ivana Dakic
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (B.R.); (I.D.)
| | - Srdjan Mijatovic
- Clinic for Emergency Surgery, Clinical Centre of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Vladimir Trajkovic
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (B.R.); (I.D.)
- Correspondence:
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Simsek A, Pehlivanoglu S, Aydin Acar C. Anti-proliferative and apoptotic effects of green synthesized silver nanoparticles using Lavandula angustifolia on human glioblastoma cells. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:374. [PMID: 34367866 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-021-02923-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we aimed at the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Lavandula angustifolia extract and the investigation of the anti-proliferative and apoptotic inducing effects of these nanoparticles in the U87MG glioblastoma cancer cell line. Green synthesized silver nanoparticles were characterized by various analytical techniques such as UV-Visible Spectrophotometer (UV-Vis), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX). UV-Vis spectroscopy displayed a specific silver plasmon peak at 430 nm. U87MG cells were treated at increased concentrations with Lavandula angustifolia-AgNPs (La-AgNPs) (0-20 µg/mL) for 72 h and the anti-proliferative effects of green synthesized silver nanoparticles on U87MG cells were evaluated by MTT assay. The La- AgNPs induced a statistically significant dose-dependent decrease in proliferation and increased cytotoxicity in U87MG cells. The IC50 value is 7.536 µg/mL. Furthermore, the expression of apoptosis proteins caspase-3, caspase-8 and caspase-9 was analyzed using ELISA and caspase-3 and p53 using western blotting. The results suggest that La-AgNPs induce cell death in U87MG cells through the p53 mediated intrinsic apoptotic pathway. Together, the present findings suggest that La-AgNPs could be considered as a potential option for the treatment of glioblastoma.
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Yuan YG, Cai HQ, Wang JL, Mesalam A, Md Talimur Reza AM, Li L, Chen L, Qian C. Graphene Oxide-Silver Nanoparticle Nanocomposites Induce Oxidative Stress and Aberrant Methylation in Caprine Fetal Fibroblast Cells. Cells 2021; 10:cells10030682. [PMID: 33808775 PMCID: PMC8003532 DOI: 10.3390/cells10030682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Graphene oxide–silver nanoparticle (GO-AgNPs) nanocomposites have drawn much attention for their potential in biomedical uses. However, the potential toxicity of GO-AgNPs in animals and humans remains unknown, particularly in the developing fetus. Here, we reported the GO-AgNP-mediated cytotoxicity and epigenetic alteration status in caprine fetal fibroblast cells (CFFCs). In brief, the proliferation and apoptosis rate of GO-AgNP-treated CFFCs (4 and 8 µg/mL of GO-AgNPs) were measured using the cell-counting kit (CCK-8) assay and the annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) assay, respectively. In addition, the oxidative stress induced by GO-AgNPs and detailed mechanisms were studied by evaluating the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), malondialdehyde (MDA), and caspase-3 and abnormal methylation. The expression of pro- and anti-apoptotic genes and DNA methyltransferases was measured using reverse transcription followed by RT-qPCR. Our data indicated that GO-AgNPs cause cytotoxicity in a dose-dependent manner. GO-AgNPs induced significant cytotoxicity by the loss of cell viability, production of ROS, increasing leakage of LDH and level of MDA, increasing expression of pro-apoptotic genes, and decreasing expression of anti-apoptotic genes. GO-AgNPs incited DNA hypomethylation and the decreased expression of DNMT3A. Taken together, this study showed that GO-AgNPs increase the generation of ROS and cause apoptosis and DNA hypomethylation in CFFCs. Therefore, the potential applications of GO-AgNPs in biomedicine should be re-evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Guo Yuan
- College of Veterinary Medicine/Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (H.-Q.C.); (J.-L.W.); (L.L.); (L.C.); (C.Q.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-514-87979228
| | - He-Qing Cai
- College of Veterinary Medicine/Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (H.-Q.C.); (J.-L.W.); (L.L.); (L.C.); (C.Q.)
| | - Jia-Lin Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine/Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (H.-Q.C.); (J.-L.W.); (L.L.); (L.C.); (C.Q.)
| | - Ayman Mesalam
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt;
| | - Abu Musa Md Talimur Reza
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5a, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Ling Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine/Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (H.-Q.C.); (J.-L.W.); (L.L.); (L.C.); (C.Q.)
| | - Li Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine/Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (H.-Q.C.); (J.-L.W.); (L.L.); (L.C.); (C.Q.)
| | - Chen Qian
- College of Veterinary Medicine/Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (H.-Q.C.); (J.-L.W.); (L.L.); (L.C.); (C.Q.)
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Biosynthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Using Hertia intermedia and Evaluation of its Cytotoxic and Antimicrobial Activities. BIONANOSCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12668-020-00816-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Starch-Capped AgNPs' as Potential Cytotoxic Agents against Prostate Cancer Cells. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11020256. [PMID: 33498166 PMCID: PMC7908990 DOI: 10.3390/nano11020256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
One of the major therapeutic approaches of prostate cancer (PC) is androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), but patients develop resistance within 2–3 years, making the development of new therapeutic approaches of great importance. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesized through green approaches have been studied as anticancer agents because of their physical-chemical properties. This study explored the cytotoxic capacity of starch-capped AgNPs, synthesized through green methods, in LNCaP and in PC-3 cells, a hormonal-sensitive and hormone-resistant PC cell line, respectively. These AgNPs were synthesized in a microwave pressurized synthesizer and characterized by ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Their cytotoxicity was assessed regarding their ability to alter morphological aspect (optical microscopy), induce damage in cytoplasmic membrane (Trypan Blue Assay), mitochondria (WST-1 assay), cellular proliferation (BrdU assay), and cell cycle (Propidium iodide and flow-cytometry). AgNPs showed surface plasmon resonance (SPR) of approximately 408 nm and average size of 3 nm. The starch-capped AgNPs successfully induced damage in cytoplasmic membrane and mitochondria, at concentrations equal and above 20 ppm. These damages lead to cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 and G2/M, blockage of proliferation and death in LNCaP and PC-3 cells, respectively. This data shows these AgNPs’ potential as anticancer agents for the different stages of PC.
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Feng X, Zhang Y, Zhang C, Lai X, Zhang Y, Wu J, Hu C, Shao L. Nanomaterial-mediated autophagy: coexisting hazard and health benefits in biomedicine. Part Fibre Toxicol 2020; 17:53. [PMID: 33066795 PMCID: PMC7565835 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-020-00372-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Widespread biomedical applications of nanomaterials (NMs) bring about increased human exposure risk due to their unique physicochemical properties. Autophagy, which is of great importance for regulating the physiological or pathological activities of the body, has been reported to play a key role in NM-driven biological effects both in vivo and in vitro. The coexisting hazard and health benefits of NM-mediated autophagy in biomedicine are nonnegligible and require our particular concerns. MAIN BODY We collected research on the toxic effects related to NM-mediated autophagy both in vivo and in vitro. Generally, NMs can be delivered into animal models through different administration routes, or internalized by cells through different uptake pathways, exerting varying degrees of damage in tissues, organs, cells, and organelles, eventually being deposited in or excreted from the body. In addition, other biological effects of NMs, such as oxidative stress, inflammation, necroptosis, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis, have been associated with autophagy and cooperate to regulate body activities. We therefore highlight that NM-mediated autophagy serves as a double-edged sword, which could be utilized in the treatment of certain diseases related to autophagy dysfunction, such as cancer, neurodegenerative disease, and cardiovascular disease. Challenges and suggestions for further investigations of NM-mediated autophagy are proposed with the purpose to improve their biosafety evaluation and facilitate their wide application. Databases such as PubMed and Web of Science were utilized to search for relevant literature, which included all published, Epub ahead of print, in-process, and non-indexed citations. CONCLUSION In this review, we focus on the dual effect of NM-mediated autophagy in the biomedical field. It has become a trend to use the benefits of NM-mediated autophagy to treat clinical diseases such as cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. Understanding the regulatory mechanism of NM-mediated autophagy in biomedicine is also helpful for reducing the toxic effects of NMs as much as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Feng
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, 366 South Jiangnan Road, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Yaqing Zhang
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Street, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Orthodontic Department, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, 366 South Jiangnan Road, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Xuan Lai
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Street, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yanli Zhang
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, 366 South Jiangnan Road, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Junrong Wu
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Street, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Chen Hu
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Street, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Longquan Shao
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 North Guangzhou Street, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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Shivaprasad DP, Taneja NK, Lakra A, Sachdev D. In vitro and in situ abrogation of biofilm formation in E. coli by vitamin C through ROS generation, disruption of quorum sensing and exopolysaccharide production. Food Chem 2020; 341:128171. [PMID: 33035856 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Emergence of antimicrobial drug-resistance amongst food-borne pathogens has led to severe deficit of available therapeutics and requires novel interventions. This study determined the activity of vitamin C (VitC), a natural antioxidant as powerful antibacterial agent against multidrug-resistant (MDR), biofilm-forming E. coli. Our findings revealed that VitC wield antibacterial action in dose-time dependent manner with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 125 mM. At these concentrations VitC impaired quorum sensing (QS) and exopolysaccharide (EPS) production and induced sugar and protein leakage from the bacterial cells by virtue of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Furthermore, VitC-treated bacteria showed downregulation of genes underpinning biofilm signaling (luxS) and regulation (bssR) by up to 27-folds. Finally, this study demonstrated the promising antimicrobial application of VitC, in situ, in Indian soft cheese (paneer) when applied as a coating. Therefore, VitC can be applied as natural and safe 'antimicrobial' against biofilm-forming bacteria in food systems vis-à-vis other conventional antimicrobials.
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Affiliation(s)
- D P Shivaprasad
- Department of Food Technology, Vignan's Foundation for Science Technology and Research (Deemed to be University), Vadlamudi, Guntur 522213, Andhra Pradesh, India; Department of Basic and Applied Sciences, NIFTEM, Sonipat 131028, Haryana, India
| | - Neetu Kumra Taneja
- Department of Basic and Applied Sciences, NIFTEM, Sonipat 131028, Haryana, India.
| | - Anupama Lakra
- Department of Basic and Applied Sciences, NIFTEM, Sonipat 131028, Haryana, India
| | - Divya Sachdev
- Department of Basic and Applied Sciences, NIFTEM, Sonipat 131028, Haryana, India
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Anticancer Properties of Platinum Nanoparticles and Retinoic Acid: Combination Therapy for the Treatment of Human Neuroblastoma Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186792. [PMID: 32947930 PMCID: PMC7554966 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumor in childhood. The different treatments available for neuroblastoma are challenged by high rates of resistance, recurrence, and progression, most notably in advanced cases and highly malignant tumors. Therefore, the development of more targeted therapies, which are biocompatible and without undesired side effects, is highly desirable. The mechanisms of actions of platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) and retinoic acid (RA) in neuroblastoma have remained unclear. In this study, the anticancer effects of PtNPs and RA on neuroblastoma were assessed. We demonstrated that treatment of SH-SY5Y cells with the combination of PtNPs and RA resulted in improved anticancer effects. The anticancer effects of the two compounds were mediated by cytotoxicity, oxidative stress (OS), mitochondrial dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), and apoptosis-associated networks. Cytotoxicity was confirmed by leakage of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and intracellular protease, and oxidative stress increased the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS), 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE), malondialdehyde (MDA), and nitric oxide (NO), and protein carbonyl content (PCC). The combination of PtNPs and RA caused mitochondrial dysfunction by decreasing the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content, number of mitochondria, and expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α). Endoplasmic reticulum-mediated stress and apoptosis were confirmed by upregulation of protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1), activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6), activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), p53, Bax, and caspase-3 and down regulation of B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCl-2). PtNPs and RA induced apoptosis, and oxidative DNA damage was evident by the accumulation of 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and 8-hydroxyguanosine (8-OHG). Finally, PtNPs and RA increased the differentiation and expression of differentiation markers. Differentiated SH-SY5Y cells pre-treated with PtNPs or RA or the combination of both were more sensitive to the cytotoxic effect of cisplatin than undifferentiated cells. To our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate the effect of the combination of PtNPs and RA in neuroblastoma cells. PtNPs may be a potential preconditioning or adjuvant compound in chemotherapeutic treatment. The results of this study provide a rationale for clinical evaluation of the combination of PtNPs and RA for the treatment of children suffering from high-risk neuroblastoma.
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Gurunathan S, Jeyaraj M, Kang MH, Kim JH. Melatonin Enhances Palladium-Nanoparticle-Induced Cytotoxicity and Apoptosis in Human Lung Epithelial Adenocarcinoma Cells A549 and H1229. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E357. [PMID: 32344592 PMCID: PMC7222421 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9040357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs) are increasingly being used in medical and biological applications due to their unique physical and chemical properties. Recent evidence suggests that these nanoparticles can act as both a pro-oxidant and as an antioxidant. Melatonin (MLT), which also shows pro- and antioxidant properties, can enhance the efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents when combined with anticancer drugs. Nevertheless, studies regarding the molecular mechanisms underlying the anticancer effects of PdNPs and MLT in cancer cells are still lacking. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the potential toxicological and molecular mechanisms of PdNPs, MLT, and the combination of PdNPs with MLT in A549 lung epithelial adenocarcinoma cells. We evaluated cell viability, cell proliferation, cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptosis in cells treated with different concentrations of PdNPs and MLT. PdNPs and MLT induced cytotoxicity, which was confirmed by leakage of lactate dehydrogenase, increased intracellular protease, and reduced membrane integrity. Oxidative stress increased the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), protein carbonyl content (PCC), lipid hydroperoxide (LHP), and 8-isoprostane. Combining PdNPs with MLT elevated the levels of mitochondrial dysfunction by decreasing mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), ATP content, mitochondrial number, and expression levels of the main regulators of mitochondrial biogenesis. Additionally, PdNPs and MLT induced apoptosis and oxidative DNA damage due to accumulation of 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE), 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OhdG), and 8-hydroxyguanosine (8-OHG). Finally, PdNPs and MLT increased mitochondrially mediated stress and apoptosis, which was confirmed by the increased expression levels of apoptotic genes. To our knowledge, this is the first study demonstrating the effects of combining PdNPs and MLT in human lung cancer cells. These findings provide valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms involved in PdNP- and MLT-induced toxicity, and it may be that this combination therapy could be a potential effective therapeutic approach. This combination effect provides information to support the clinical evaluation of PdNPs and MLT as a suitable agents for lung cancer treatment, and the combined effect provides therapeutic value, as non-toxic concentrations of PdNPs and MLT are more effective, better tolerated, and show less adverse effects. Finally, this study suggests that MLT could be used as a supplement in nano-mediated combination therapies used to treat lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangiliyandi Gurunathan
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (M.J.); (M.-H.K.)
| | | | | | - Jin-Hoi Kim
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (M.J.); (M.-H.K.)
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Xiaoli F, Qiyue C, Weihong G, Yaqing Z, Chen H, Junrong W, Longquan S. Toxicology data of graphene-family nanomaterials: an update. Arch Toxicol 2020; 94:1915-1939. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-020-02717-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Gurunathan S, Jeyaraj M, La H, Yoo H, Choi Y, Do JT, Park C, Kim JH, Hong K. Anisotropic Platinum Nanoparticle-Induced Cytotoxicity, Apoptosis, Inflammatory Response, and Transcriptomic and Molecular Pathways in Human Acute Monocytic Leukemia Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21020440. [PMID: 31936679 PMCID: PMC7014054 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21020440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The thermoplasmonic properties of platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) render them desirable for use in diagnosis, detection, therapy, and surgery. However, their toxicological effects and impact at the molecular level remain obscure. Nanotoxicology is mainly focused on the interactions of nanostructures with biological systems, particularly with an emphasis on elucidating the relationship between the physical and chemical properties such as size and shape. Therefore, we hypothesized whether these unique anisotropic nanoparticles could induce cytotoxicity similar to that of spherical nanoparticles and the mechanism involved. Thus, we synthesized unique and distinct anisotropic PtNPs using lycopene as a biological template and investigated their biological activities in model human acute monocytic leukemia (THP-1) macrophages. Exposure to PtNPs for 24 h dose-dependently decreased cell viability and proliferation. Levels of the cytotoxic markers lactate dehydrogenase and intracellular protease significantly and dose-dependently increased with PtNP concentration. Furthermore, cells incubated with PtNPs dose-dependently produced oxidative stress markers including reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, and carbonylated protein. An imbalance in pro-oxidants and antioxidants was confirmed by significant decreases in reduced glutathione, thioredoxin, superoxide dismutase, and catalase levels against oxidative stress. The cell death mechanism was confirmed by mitochondrial dysfunction and decreased ATP levels, mitochondrial copy numbers, and PGC-1α expression. To further substantiate the mechanism of cell death mediated by endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), we determined the expression of the inositol-requiring enzyme (IRE1), (PKR-like ER kinase) PERK, activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6), and activating transcription factor 4 ATF4, the apoptotic markers p53, Bax, and caspase 3, and the anti-apoptotic marker Bcl-2. PtNPs could activate ERS and apoptosis mediated by mitochondria. A proinflammatory response to PtNPs was confirmed by significant upregulation of interleukin-1-beta (IL-1β), interferon γ (IFNγ), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), and interleukin (IL-6). Transcriptomic and molecular pathway analyses of THP-1 cells incubated with the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of PtNPs revealed the altered expression of genes involved in protein misfolding, mitochondrial function, protein synthesis, inflammatory responses, and transcription regulation. We applied transcriptomic analyses to investigate anisotropic PtNP-induced toxicity for further mechanistic studies. Isotropic nanoparticles are specifically used to inhibit non-specific cellular uptake, leading to enhanced in vivo bio-distribution and increased targeting capabilities due to the higher radius of curvature. These characteristics of anisotropic nanoparticles could enable the technology as an attractive platform for nanomedicine in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Kwonho Hong
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-450-0560; Fax: +82-2-444-3490
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Hussain Z, Thu HE, Sohail M, Khan S. Hybridization and functionalization with biological macromolecules synergistically improve biomedical efficacy of silver nanoparticles: Reconceptualization of in-vitro, in-vivo and clinical studies. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2019.101169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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25
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Fu W, Zhou W, Chu PK, Yu X. Inherent Chemotherapeutic Anti‐Cancer Effects of Low‐Dimensional Nanomaterials. Chemistry 2019; 25:10995-11006. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201901841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Fu
- Materials Interference CenterShenzhen Institutes of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen 518055 P.R. China
- Shenzhen College of Advanced TechnologyUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen 518055 P.R. China
| | - Wenhua Zhou
- Materials Interference CenterShenzhen Institutes of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen 518055 P.R. China
| | - Paul K. Chu
- Department of Physics and Department of Materials Science and EngineeringCity University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Avenue Kowloon, Hong Kong P.R. China
| | - Xue‐Feng Yu
- Materials Interference CenterShenzhen Institutes of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen 518055 P.R. China
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Khan H, Ullah H, Martorell M, Valdes SE, Belwal T, Tejada S, Sureda A, Kamal MA. Flavonoids nanoparticles in cancer: Treatment, prevention and clinical prospects. Semin Cancer Biol 2019; 69:200-211. [PMID: 31374244 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The conventional therapies for cancer have a major concern of poor accessibility to tumor tissues. Furthermore, the requirement of higher doses and non-selective nature of therapeutic are associated with a range of adverse drug reactions (ADRs). However, flavonoids are documented to be effective against various types of cancer, but they are not evaluated for their safety profile and tumor site-specific action. Low solubility, rapid metabolism and poor absorption of dietary flavonoids in gastrointestinal tract hinder their pharmacological potential. Some studies have also suggested that flavonoids may act as pro-oxidant in some cases and may interact with other therapeutic agents, especially through biotransformation. Nanocarriers can alter pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic profile of incorporating drug. Moreover, nanocarriers are designed for targeted drug delivery, improving the bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs, delivery of macromolecules to site of action within the cell, combining therapeutic agents with imaging techniques which may visualize the site of drug delivery and co-delivery of two or more drugs. Combining two or more anti-cancer agents can reduce ADRs and nanotechnology played a pivotal role in this regard. In vitro and in vivo studies have shown the potential of flavonoids nano-formulations, especially quercetin, naringenin, apigenin, catechins and fisetin in the prevention and treatment of several types of cancer. Similarly, clinical trials have been conducted using flavonoids alone or in combination, however, the nano-formulations effect still needs to be elucidated. This review focuses on the impact of flavonoids nano-formulations on the improvement of their bioavailability, therapeutic and safety profile and will open new insights in the field of drug discovery for cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan; Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Australia.
| | - Hammad Ullah
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan; Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Australia
| | - Miquel Martorell
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepcion, 4070386, Chile; Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Australia
| | - Susana Esteban Valdes
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Biology Department, University of Balearic Islands, Ctra. Valldemossa, Km 7.5, Balears, Palma, 07122, Spain; Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Australia
| | - Tarun Belwal
- Centre for Biodiversity Conservation and Management, G.B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment and Sustainable Development, Kosi-Katarmal, Almora, Uttarakhand, India; Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Australia
| | - Silvia Tejada
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Biology Department, and CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, E-07122, Spain; Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Australia
| | - Antoni Sureda
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress (NUCOX) and CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition), University of Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Balearic Islands, E-07122, Spain; Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Australia
| | - Mohammad Amjad Kamal
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, P. O. Box 80216, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia; Enzymoics, 7 Peterlee Place, Hebersham, NSW, 2770, Australia; Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Australia
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Dhas N, Parekh K, Pandey A, Kudarha R, Mutalik S, Mehta T. Two dimensional carbon based nanocomposites as multimodal therapeutic and diagnostic platform: A biomedical and toxicological perspective. J Control Release 2019; 308:130-161. [PMID: 31310783 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Graphene based nanocomposites have revolutionized cancer treatment, diagnosis and imaging owing to its good compatibility, elegant flexibility, high surface area, low mass density along with excellent combined additive effect of graphene with other nanomaterials. This review inculcates the type of graphene based nanocomposites and their fabrication techniques to improve its properties as photothermal and theranostic platform. With decades' efforts, many significant breakthroughs in the method of synthesis and characterization in addition to various functionalization options of graphene based nanocomposite have paved a solid foundation for their potential applications in the cancer therapy. This work intends to provide a thorough, up-to-date holistic discussion on correlation of breakthroughs with their biomedical applications and illustrate how to utilize these breakthroughs to address long-standing challenges in the clinical translation of nanomedicines. This review also emphasizes on graphene based nanocomposites based toxicity concerns pertaining to delivery platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namdev Dhas
- Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 382481, India
| | - Khushali Parekh
- Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 382481, India
| | - Abhijeet Pandey
- Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Ritu Kudarha
- The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat 390002, India
| | - Srinivas Mutalik
- Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Tejal Mehta
- Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 382481, India.
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Hepokur C, Kariper İA, Mısır S, Ay E, Tunoğlu S, Ersez MS, Zeybek Ü, Kuruca SE, Yaylım İ. Silver nanoparticle/capecitabine for breast cancer cell treatment. Toxicol In Vitro 2019; 61:104600. [PMID: 31302208 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2019.104600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects of Capecitabine bonded silver particles on human breast cancer cells (MCF-7). Different sizes of Ag NPs (in sizes 5, 10, 15, 30 nm) were synthesized. The characterization of silver and drug-bonded silver nanoparticles was performed through UV-VIS, FTIR, and SEM analysis. Silver and drug-bonded silver nanoparticles were measured by zetasizer. Antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects of capecitabine, silver and drug-bonded silver nanoparticles were evaluated using XTT, Anneksin V, respectively. According to the results, silver nanoparticles of 10 nm size have shown the lowest toxic effect. Drug-bonded nanoparticles significantly increased the number of early and late apoptotic cells on MCF-7 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ceylan Hepokur
- Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biochemistry, Sivas, Turkey.
| | | | - Sema Mısır
- Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biochemistry, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Ebrunur Ay
- Istanbul University, Aziz Sancar Experimental Medicine Research Institute, Department of Molecular Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey; İstinye University, Vocational School of Health Services, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Servet Tunoğlu
- Istanbul University, Aziz Sancar Experimental Medicine Research Institute, Department of Molecular Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Mediha Süleymanoğlu Ersez
- Istanbul University, Aziz Sancar Experimental Medicine Research Institute, Department of Molecular Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Ümit Zeybek
- Istanbul University, Aziz Sancar Experimental Medicine Research Institute, Department of Molecular Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Serap Erdem Kuruca
- Istanbul University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - İlhan Yaylım
- Istanbul University, Aziz Sancar Experimental Medicine Research Institute, Department of Molecular Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
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29
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Evaluation of Graphene Oxide Induced Cellular Toxicity and Transcriptome Analysis in Human Embryonic Kidney Cells. NANOMATERIALS 2019; 9:nano9070969. [PMID: 31269699 PMCID: PMC6669460 DOI: 10.3390/nano9070969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Graphene, a two-dimensional carbon sheet with single-atom thickness, shows immense promise in several nanoscientific and nanotechnological applications, including in sensors, catalysis, and biomedicine. Although several studies have shown the cytotoxicity of graphene oxide in different cell types, there are no comprehensive studies on human embryonic kidney (HEK293) cells that include transcriptomic analysis and an in vitro investigation into the mechanisms of cytotoxicity following exposure to graphene oxide. Therefore, we exposed HEK293 cells to different concentrations of graphene oxide for 24 h and performed several cellular assays. Cell viability and proliferation assays revealed a significant dose-dependent cytotoxic effect on HEK293 cells. Cytotoxicity assays showed increased lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and decreased levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) and increased level of oxidized glutathione indicative of oxidative stress. This detailed mechanistic approach showed that graphene oxide exposure elicits significant decreases in mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP synthesis, as well as in DNA damage and caspase 3 activity. Furthermore, our RNA-Seq analysis revealed that HEK293 cells exposed to graphene oxide significantly altered the expression of genes involved in multiple apoptosis-related biological pathways. Moreover, graphene oxide exposure perturbed the expression of key transcription factors, promoting these apoptosis-related pathways by regulating their downstream genes. Our analysis provides mechanistic insights into how exposure to graphene oxide induces changes in cellular responses and massive cell death in HEK293 cells. To our knowledge, this is the first study describing a combination of cellular responses and transcriptome in HEK293 cells exposed to graphene oxide nanoparticles, providing a foundation for understanding the molecular mechanisms of graphene oxide-induced cytotoxicity and for the development of new therapeutic strategies.
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30
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Nicholas TP, Kavanagh TJ, Faustman EM, Altemeier WA. The Effects of Gene × Environment Interactions on Silver Nanoparticle Toxicity in the Respiratory System. Chem Res Toxicol 2019; 32:952-968. [PMID: 31124663 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.8b00234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNP) are used in multiple applications but primarily in the manufacturing of antimicrobial products. AgNP toxicity in the respiratory system is well characterized, but few in vitro or in vivo studies have evaluated the effects of interactions between host genetic and acquired factors or gene × environment interactions (G × E) on AgNP toxicity in the respiratory system. The primary goal of this article is to review host genetic and acquired factors identified across in vitro and in vivo studies and prioritize those necessary for defining exposure limits to protect all populations. The impact of these exposures and the work being done to address the current limited protections are also discussed. Future research on G × E effects on AgNP toxicity is warranted and will assist with informing regulatory or recommended exposure limits that enforce special protections for all populations to AgNP exposures in occupational settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler P Nicholas
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98109 , United States
| | - Terrance J Kavanagh
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98109 , United States
| | - Elaine M Faustman
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98109 , United States
| | - William A Altemeier
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98109 , United States
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31
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Bhat RS, Almusallam J, Al Daihan S, Al‐Dbass A. Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using Azadirachta indica leaves: characterisation and impact on Staphylococcus aureus growth and glutathione‐S‐transferase activity. IET Nanobiotechnol 2019; 13:498-502. [PMCID: PMC8676152 DOI: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2018.5133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are toxic to various microbes, but the mechanism of action is not fully understood. The present report explores Azadirachta indica leaf extract as a reducing agent for the rapid biosynthesis of AgNPs. The effects of AgNPs on the growth, glutathione‐S‐transferase (GST) activity, and total protein concentration in Staphylococcus aureus were investigated, as was its antibacterial activity against seven other bacterial strains. Nanoparticle synthesis was confirmed by the UV‐Vis spectrum and colour change of the solution. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta potential analysis, and infrared spectroscopy were used to characterise the synthesised nanoparticles. The UV‐Visible spectrograph showed an absorbance peak at 420 nm. DLS analysis showed an average AgNP size of 159 nm and a Polydispersity Index of 0.373. SEM analysis showed spherical particle shapes, while TEM established an average AgNP size of 7.5 nm. The element analysis profile showed small peaks for calcium, potassium, zinc, chlorine, with the presence of oxygen and silver. AgNPs markedly affected the growth curves and GST activity in treated bacteria, and produced moderate antibacterial activity. Thus AgNPs synthesised from A. indica leaves can interrupt the growth curve and total protein concentration in bacterial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesa Shafi Bhat
- Department of BiochemistryScience College, King Saud UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia
| | - Jameelah Almusallam
- Department of BiochemistryScience College, King Saud UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia
| | - Sooad Al Daihan
- Department of BiochemistryScience College, King Saud UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia
| | - Abeer Al‐Dbass
- Department of BiochemistryScience College, King Saud UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia
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Joshi K, Mazumder B, Chattopadhyay P, Bora NS, Goyary D, Karmakar S. Graphene Family of Nanomaterials: Reviewing Advanced Applications in Drug delivery and Medicine. Curr Drug Deliv 2019; 16:195-214. [DOI: 10.2174/1567201815666181031162208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Graphene in nano form has proven to be one of the most remarkable materials. It has a single
atom thick molecular structure and it possesses exceptional physical strength, electrical and electronic
properties. Applications of the Graphene Family of Nanomaterials (GFNs) in different fields of therapy
have emerged, including for targeted drug delivery in cancer, gene delivery, antimicrobial therapy, tissue
engineering and more recently in more diseases including HIV. This review seeks to analyze current
advances of potential applications of graphene and its family of nano-materials for drug delivery and
other major biomedical purposes. Moreover, safety and toxicity are the major roadblocks preventing the
use of GFNs in therapeutics. This review intends to analyze the safety and biocompatibility of GFNs
along with the discussion on the latest techniques developed for toxicity reduction and biocompatibility
enhancement of GFNs. This review seeks to evaluate how GFNs in future will serve as biocompatible
and useful biomaterials in therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bhaskar Mazumder
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam, India
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Rodríguez-Nogales C, Noguera R, Couvreur P, Blanco-Prieto MJ. Therapeutic Opportunities in Neuroblastoma Using Nanotechnology. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2019; 370:625-635. [DOI: 10.1124/jpet.118.255067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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Gurunathan S, Kang MH, Jeyaraj M, Kim JH. Differential Immunomodulatory Effect of Graphene Oxide and Vanillin-Functionalized Graphene Oxide Nanoparticles in Human Acute Monocytic Leukemia Cell Line (THP-1). Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E247. [PMID: 30634552 PMCID: PMC6359521 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20020247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 12/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Graphene and its derivatives are emerging as attractive materials for biomedical applications, including antibacterial, gene delivery, contrast imaging, and anticancer therapy applications. It is of fundamental importance to study the cytotoxicity and biocompatibility of these materials as well as how they interact with the immune system. The present study was conducted to assess the immunotoxicity of graphene oxide (GO) and vanillin-functionalized GO (V-rGO) on THP-1 cells, a human acute monocytic leukemia cell line. The synthesized GO and V-rGO were characterized by using various analytical techniques. Various concentrations of GO and V-rGO showed toxic effects on THP-1 cells such as the loss of cell viability and proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. Cytotoxicity was further demonstrated as an increased level of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), decreased level of ATP content, and cell death. Increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation caused redox imbalance in THP-1 cells, leading to increased levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and decreased levels of anti-oxidants such as glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), super oxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT). Increased generation of ROS and reduced MMP with simultaneous increases in the expression of pro-apoptotic genes and downregulation of anti-apoptotic genes suggest that the mitochondria-mediated pathway is involved in GO and V-rGO-induced apoptosis. Apoptosis was induced consistently with the significant DNA damage caused by increased levels of 8-oxo-dG and upregulation of various key DNA-regulating genes in THP-1 cells, indicating that GO and V-rGO induce cell death through oxidative stress. As a result of these events, GO and V-rGO stimulated the secretion of various cytokines and chemokines, indicating that the graphene materials induced potent inflammatory responses to THP-1 cells. The harshness of V-rGO in all assays tested occurred because of better charge transfer, various carbon to oxygen ratios, and chemical compositions in the rGO. Overall, these findings suggest that it is essential to better understand the parameters governing GO and functionalized GO in immunotoxicity and inflammation. Rational design of safe GO-based formulations for various applications, including nanomedicine, may result in the development of risk management methods for people exposed to graphene and graphene family materials, as these nanoparticles can be used as delivery agents in various biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangiliyandi Gurunathan
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Min-Hee Kang
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Muniyandi Jeyaraj
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Jin-Hoi Kim
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
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Silver Nanoparticles Potentiates Cytotoxicity and Apoptotic Potential of Camptothecin in Human Cervical Cancer Cells. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:6121328. [PMID: 30647812 PMCID: PMC6311846 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6121328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are widely used metal nanoparticles in health care industries, particularly due to its unique physical, chemical, optical, and biological properties. It is used as an antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, and anticancer agent. Camptothecin (CPT) and its derivatives function as inhibitors of topoisomerase and as potent anticancer agents against a variety of cancers. Nevertheless, the combined actions of CPT and AgNPs in apoptosis in human cervical cancer cells (HeLa) have not been elucidated. Hence, we investigated the synergistic combinatorial effect of CPT and AgNPs in human cervical cancer cells. We synthesized AgNPs using sinigrin as a reducing and stabilizing agent. The synthesized AgNPs were characterized using various analytical techniques. The anticancer effects of a combined treatment with CPT and AgNPs were evaluated using a series of cellular and biochemical assays. The expression of pro- and antiapoptotic genes was measured using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The findings from this study revealed that the combination of CPT and AgNPs treatment significantly inhibited cell viability and proliferation of HeLa cells. Moreover, the combination effect significantly increases the levels of oxidative stress markers and decreases antioxidative stress markers compared to single treatment. Further, the combined treatment upregulate various proapoptotic gene expression and downregulate antiapoptotic gene expression. Interestingly, the combined treatment modulates various cellular signaling molecules involved in cell survival, cytotoxicity, and apoptosis. Overall, these results suggest that CPT and AgNPs cause cell death by inducing the mitochondrial membrane permeability change and activation of caspase 9, 6, and 3. The synergistic cytotoxicity and apoptosis effect seems to be associated with increased ROS formation and depletion of antioxidant. Certainly, a combination of CPT and AgNPs could provide a beneficial effect in the treatment of cervical cancer compared with monotherapy.
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Gurunathan S, Qasim M, Park C, Yoo H, Choi DY, Song H, Park C, Kim JH, Hong K. Cytotoxicity and Transcriptomic Analysis of Silver Nanoparticles in Mouse Embryonic Fibroblast Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19113618. [PMID: 30453526 PMCID: PMC6275036 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 10/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The rapid development of nanotechnology has led to the use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in biomedical applications, including antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer therapies. The molecular mechanism of AgNPs-induced cytotoxicity has not been studied thoroughly using a combination of cellular assays and RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) analysis. In this study, we prepared AgNPs using myricetin, an anti-oxidant polyphenol, and studied their effects on NIH3T3 mouse embryonic fibroblasts as an in vitro model system to explore the potential biomedical applications of AgNPs. AgNPs induced loss of cell viability and cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner, as evident by increased leakage of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) from cells. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) were a potential source of cytotoxicity. AgNPs also incrementally increased oxidative stress and the level of malondialdehyde, depleted glutathione and superoxide dismutase, reduced mitochondrial membrane potential and adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and caused DNA damage by increasing the level of 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine and the expressions of the p53 and p21 genes in NIH3T3 cells. Thus, activation of oxidative stress may be crucial for NIH3T3 cytotoxicity. Interestingly, gene ontology (GO) term analysis revealed alterations in epigenetics-related biological processes including nucleosome assembly and DNA methylation due to AgNPs exposure. This study is the first demonstration that AgNPs can alter bulk histone gene expression. Therefore, our genome-scale study suggests that the apoptosis observed in NIH3T3 cells treated with AgNPs is mediated by the repression of genes required for cell survival and the aberrant enhancement of nucleosome assembly components to induce apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangiliyandi Gurunathan
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology and Humanized Pig Center (SRC), Konkuk Institute of Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Muhammad Qasim
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology and Humanized Pig Center (SRC), Konkuk Institute of Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Chanhyeok Park
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology and Humanized Pig Center (SRC), Konkuk Institute of Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Hyunjin Yoo
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology and Humanized Pig Center (SRC), Konkuk Institute of Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Dong Yoon Choi
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology and Humanized Pig Center (SRC), Konkuk Institute of Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Hyuk Song
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology and Humanized Pig Center (SRC), Konkuk Institute of Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Chankyu Park
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology and Humanized Pig Center (SRC), Konkuk Institute of Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Jin-Hoi Kim
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology and Humanized Pig Center (SRC), Konkuk Institute of Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Kwonho Hong
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology and Humanized Pig Center (SRC), Konkuk Institute of Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
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Feng X, Chen L, Guo W, Zhang Y, Lai X, Shao L, Li Y. Graphene oxide induces p62/SQSTM-dependent apoptosis through the impairment of autophagic flux and lysosomal dysfunction in PC12 cells. Acta Biomater 2018; 81:278-292. [PMID: 30273743 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.09.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO), as a two-dimensional carbon nanosheet, has been extensively studied for potential biomedical applications due to its notable properties. Although a growing number of studies have investigated the adverse effects of GO nanosheets, the available toxicity data concerning GO's effect on the neuronal cells remain highly limited. In this work, we systematically investigated the toxic responses of commercially available GO on a rat pheochromocytoma-derived PC12 cell line, which was an ideal in vitro model to study the neurotoxicity of GO. GO exerted a significant toxic effect on PC12 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. GO treatments under doses of 40, 50, and 60 μg/mL triggered an autophagic response and the blockade of autophagic flux via disrupting lysosome degradation capability. Caspase 9-mediated apoptosis was also observed in GO-treated cells. Moreover, GO-induced apoptosis was relevant to the aberrant accumulation of autophagy substrate p62/SQSTM. Inhibitionofthe accumulation of autophagic substrate alleviated GO-caused apoptotic cell death. Our findings raise a concern for the putative biomedical applications of GO in the form of diagnostic and therapeutic tools, where its systematic biocompatibility should be thoroughly explored. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Graphene oxide (GO) has attracted considerable interests in biomedical fields, which also resulted in numerous safety risks to human bodies. It is urgently required to establish a paradigm for accurately evaluating their adverse effects in biological systems. This study thoroughly explored the neurotoxicity of GO in PC12 cells. We found GO triggered an increased autophagic response and the impairment of autophagic flux, which was functionally involved in cell apoptosis. Inhibitionofexcessive accumulation of autophagic cargo attenuated apoptotic cell death. Our findings highlight deep considerations on the regulation mechanism of autophagy-lysosomes-apotosis-axis, which will contribute to a better understanding of the neurotoxicity of graphene-family nanomaterials, and provide a new insight in the treatment of cancer cells at nanoscale levels.
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Gurunathan S, Kang MH, Qasim M, Kim JH. Nanoparticle-Mediated Combination Therapy: Two-in-One Approach for Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E3264. [PMID: 30347840 PMCID: PMC6214025 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19103264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer represents a group of heterogeneous diseases characterized by uncontrolledgrowth and spread of abnormal cells, ultimately leading to death. Nanomedicine plays a significantrole in the development of nanodrugs, nanodevices, drug delivery systems and nanocarriers. Someof the major issues in the treatment of cancer are multidrug resistance (MDR), narrow therapeuticwindow and undesired side effects of available anticancer drugs and the limitations of anticancerdrugs. Several nanosystems being utilized for detection, diagnosis and treatment such as theranosticcarriers, liposomes, carbon nanotubes, quantum dots, polymeric micelles, dendrimers and metallicnanoparticles. However, nonbiodegradable nanoparticles causes high tissue accumulation andleads to toxicity. MDR is considered a major impediment to cancer treatment due to metastatictumors that develop resistance to chemotherapy. MDR contributes to the failure of chemotherapiesin various cancers, including breast, ovarian, lung, gastrointestinal and hematological malignancies.Moreover, the therapeutic efficiency of anticancer drugs or nanoparticles (NPs) used alone is lessthan that of the combination of NPs and anticancer drugs. Combination therapy has long beenadopted as the standard first-line treatment of several malignancies to improve the clinical outcome.Combination therapy with anticancer drugs has been shown to generally induce synergistic drugactions and deter the onset of drug resistance. Therefore, this review is designed to report andanalyze the recent progress made to address combination therapy using NPs and anticancer drugs.We first provide a comprehensive overview of the angiogenesis and of the different types of NPscurrently used in treatments of cancer; those emphasized in this review are liposomes, polymericNPs, polymeric micelles (PMs), dendrimers, carbon NPs, nanodiamond (ND), fullerenes, carbonnanotubes (CNTs), graphene oxide (GO), GO nanocomposites and metallic NPs used forcombination therapy with various anticancer agents. Nanotechnology has provided the convenienttools for combination therapy. However, for clinical translation, we need continued improvementsin the field of nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangiliyandi Gurunathan
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Min-Hee Kang
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Muhammad Qasim
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Jin-Hoi Kim
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
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Gurunathan S, Qasim M, Park C, Yoo H, Kim JH, Hong K. Cytotoxic Potential and Molecular Pathway Analysis of Silver Nanoparticles in Human Colon Cancer Cells HCT116. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E2269. [PMID: 30072642 PMCID: PMC6121495 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 07/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have gained attention for use in cancer therapy. In this study, AgNPs were biosynthesized using naringenin. We investigated the anti-colon cancer activities of biogenic AgNPs through transcriptome analysis using RNA sequencing, and the mechanisms of AgNPs in regulating colon cancer cell growth. The synthesized AgNPs were characterized using UV⁻visible spectroscopy (UV⁻vis), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The AgNPs were spherical with sizes of 2⁻10 nm. Cytotoxicity assays indicated that the AgNPs in HCT116 colorectal cancer cells were very effective at low concentrations. The viability and proliferation of colon cancer cells treated with 5 µg/mL biogenic AgNPs were reduced by 50%. Increased lactate dehydrogenase leakage (LDH), reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, malondialdehyde (MDA), and decreased dead-cell protease activity and ATP generation were observed. This impaired mitochondrial function and DNA damage led to cell death. The AgNPs upregulated and downregulated the most highly ranked biological processes of oxidation⁻reduction and cell-cycle regulation, respectively. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis showed that AgNPs upregulated GADD45G in the p53 pathway. Thus, the AgNP tumor suppressive effects were mediated by cell apoptosis following DNA damage, as well as by mitochondrial dysfunction and cell-cycle arrest following aberrant regulation of p53 effector proteins. It is of interest to mention that, to the best of our knowledge, this study is the first report demonstrating cellular responses and molecular pathways analysis of AgNPs in HCT116 colorectal cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangiliyandi Gurunathan
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology and Humanized Pig Center (SRC), Konkuk Institute of Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Muhammad Qasim
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology and Humanized Pig Center (SRC), Konkuk Institute of Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Chanhyeok Park
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology and Humanized Pig Center (SRC), Konkuk Institute of Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Hyunjin Yoo
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology and Humanized Pig Center (SRC), Konkuk Institute of Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Jin-Hoi Kim
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology and Humanized Pig Center (SRC), Konkuk Institute of Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Kwonho Hong
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology and Humanized Pig Center (SRC), Konkuk Institute of Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
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Maqbool Q, Kruszka D, Kachlicki P, Franklin G. Retracted Article: Organometallic Ag nanostructures prepared using Hypericum perforatum extract are highly effective against multidrug-resistant bacteria. RSC Adv 2018; 8:30562-30572. [PMID: 35546844 PMCID: PMC9085381 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra05655b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The tuning of bulk Ag+ ions into organometallic Ag nanostructures using Hypericum perforatum extract is reported for the first time. The green-synthesised nanostructures showed an auspicious antibacterial performance against highly virulent multidrug resistant bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qaisar Maqbool
- Institute of Plant Genetics of the Polish Academy of Sciences
- 60-479 Poznan
- Poland
| | - Dariusz Kruszka
- Institute of Plant Genetics of the Polish Academy of Sciences
- 60-479 Poznan
- Poland
| | - Piotr Kachlicki
- Institute of Plant Genetics of the Polish Academy of Sciences
- 60-479 Poznan
- Poland
| | - Gregory Franklin
- Institute of Plant Genetics of the Polish Academy of Sciences
- 60-479 Poznan
- Poland
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Gurunathan S, Kim JH. Graphene Oxide-Silver Nanoparticles Nanocomposite Stimulates Differentiation in Human Neuroblastoma Cancer Cells (SH-SY5Y). Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E2549. [PMID: 29182571 PMCID: PMC5751152 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18122549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, graphene and graphene related nanocomposite receive much attention due to high surface-to-volume ratio, and unique physiochemical and biological properties. The combination of metallic nanoparticles with graphene-based materials offers a promising method to fabricate novel graphene-silver hybrid nanomaterials with unique functions in biomedical nanotechnology, and nanomedicine. Therefore, this study was designed to prepare graphene oxide (GO) silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) nanocomposite (GO-AgNPs) containing two different nanomaterials in single platform with distinctive properties using luciferin as reducing agents. In addition, we investigated the effect of GO-AgNPs on differentiation in SH-SY5Y cells. The synthesized GO-AgNPs were characterized by ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy (UV-vis), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Raman spectroscopy. The differentiation was confirmed by series of cellular and biochemical assays. The AgNPs were distributed uniformly on the surface of graphene oxide with an average size of 25 nm. As prepared GO-AgNPOs induces differentiation by increasing the expression of neuronal differentiation markers and decreasing the expression of stem cell markers. The results indicated that the redox biology involved the expression of various signaling molecules, which play an important role in differentiation. This study suggests that GO-AgNP nanocomposite could stimulate differentiation of SH-SY5Y cells. Furthermore, understanding the mechanisms of differentiation of neuroblastoma cells could provide new strategies for cancer and stem cell therapies. Therefore, these studies suggest that GO-AgNPs could target specific chemotherapy-resistant cells within a tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangiliyandi Gurunathan
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Jin-Hoi Kim
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
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