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Soltysova A, Begerova P, Jakic K, Kozics K, Sramkova M, Meese E, Smolkova B, Gabelova A. Genome-wide DNA methylome and transcriptome changes induced by inorganic nanoparticles in human kidney cells after chronic exposure. Cell Biol Toxicol 2023; 39:1939-1956. [PMID: 34973136 PMCID: PMC10547624 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-021-09680-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The unique physicochemical properties make inorganic nanoparticles (INPs) an exciting tool in diagnosis and disease management. However, as INPs are relatively difficult to fully degrade and excrete, their unintended accumulation in the tissue might result in adverse health effects. Herein, we provide a methylome-transcriptome framework for chronic effects of INPs, commonly used in biomedical applications, in human kidney TH-1 cells. Renal clearance is one of the most important routes of nanoparticle excretion; therefore, a detailed evaluation of nanoparticle-mediated nephrotoxicity is an important task. Integrated analysis of methylome and transcriptome changes induced by INPs (PEG-AuNPs, Fe3O4NPs, SiO2NPs, and TiO2NPs) revealed significantly deregulated genes with functional classification in immune response, DNA damage, and cancer-related pathways. Although most deregulated genes were unique to individual INPs, a relatively high proportion of them encoded the transcription factors. Interestingly, FOS hypermethylation inversely correlating with gene expression was associated with all INPs exposures. Our study emphasizes the need for a more comprehensive investigation of INPs' biological safety, especially after chronic exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Soltysova
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovicova 6, 841 04, Bratislava, Slovakia
- Institute of Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 05, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Patricia Begerova
- Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 05, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Kristina Jakic
- Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 05, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Katarina Kozics
- Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 05, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Monika Sramkova
- Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 05, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Eckart Meese
- Institute of Human Genetics, Saarland University, Building 60, 66421, Homburg, Germany
| | - Bozena Smolkova
- Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 05, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Alena Gabelova
- Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 05, Bratislava, Slovakia.
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Valente A, Vieira L, Silva MJ, Ventura C. The Effect of Nanomaterials on DNA Methylation: A Review. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1880. [PMID: 37368308 DOI: 10.3390/nano13121880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
DNA methylation is an epigenetic mechanism that involves the addition of a methyl group to a cytosine residue in CpG dinucleotides, which are particularly abundant in gene promoter regions. Several studies have highlighted the role that modifications of DNA methylation may have on the adverse health effects caused by exposure to environmental toxicants. One group of xenobiotics that is increasingly present in our daily lives are nanomaterials, whose unique physicochemical properties make them interesting for a large number of industrial and biomedical applications. Their widespread use has raised concerns about human exposure, and several toxicological studies have been performed, although the studies focusing on nanomaterials' effect on DNA methylation are still limited. The aim of this review is to investigate the possible impact of nanomaterials on DNA methylation. From the 70 studies found eligible for data analysis, the majority were in vitro, with about half using cell models related to the lungs. Among the in vivo studies, several animal models were used, but most were mice models. Only two studies were performed on human exposed populations. Global DNA methylation analyses was the most frequently applied approach. Although no trend towards hypo- or hyper-methylation could be observed, the importance of this epigenetic mechanism in the molecular response to nanomaterials is evident. Furthermore, methylation analysis of target genes and, particularly, the application of comprehensive DNA methylation analysis techniques, such as genome-wide sequencing, allowed identifying differentially methylated genes after nanomaterial exposure and affected molecular pathways, contributing to the understanding of their possible adverse health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Valente
- Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, I.P. (INSA), Av. Padre Cruz, 1649-016 Lisbon, Portugal
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Luís Vieira
- Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, I.P. (INSA), Av. Padre Cruz, 1649-016 Lisbon, Portugal
- Centre for Toxicogenomics and Human Health (ToxOmics), NOVA Medical School, NOVA University of Lisbon, 1169-056 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Maria João Silva
- Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, I.P. (INSA), Av. Padre Cruz, 1649-016 Lisbon, Portugal
- Centre for Toxicogenomics and Human Health (ToxOmics), NOVA Medical School, NOVA University of Lisbon, 1169-056 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Célia Ventura
- Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, I.P. (INSA), Av. Padre Cruz, 1649-016 Lisbon, Portugal
- Centre for Toxicogenomics and Human Health (ToxOmics), NOVA Medical School, NOVA University of Lisbon, 1169-056 Lisbon, Portugal
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A review on the epigenetics modifications to nanomaterials in humans and animals: novel epigenetic regulator. ANNALS OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.2478/aoas-2022-0089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
In the nanotechnology era, nanotechnology applications have been intensifying their prospects to embrace all the vigorous sectors persuading human health and animal. The safety and concerns regarding the widespread use of engineered nanomaterials (NMA) and their potential effect on human health still require further clarification. Literature elucidated that NMA exhibited significant adverse effects on various molecular and cellular alterations. Epigenetics is a complex process resulting in the interactions between an organism’s environment and genome. The epigenetic modifications, including histone modification and DNA methylation, chromatin structure and DNA accessibility alteration, regulate gene expression patterns. Disturbances of epigenetic markers induced by NMA might promote the sensitivity of humans and animals to several diseases. Also, this paper focus on the epigenetic regulators of some dietary nutrients that have been confirmed to stimulate the epigenome and, more exactly, DNA histone modifications and non-histone proteins modulation by acetylation, and phosphorylation inhibition, which counteracts oxidative stress generations. The present review epitomizes the recent evidence of the potential effects of NMA on histone modifications, in addition to in vivo and in vitro cytosine DNA methylation and its toxicity. Furthermore, the part of epigenetic fluctuations as possible translational biomarkers for uncovering untoward properties of NMA is deliberated.
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Sun Q, Li T, Yu Y, Li Y, Sun Z, Duan J. The critical role of epigenetic mechanisms involved in nanotoxicology. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 14:e1789. [PMID: 35289073 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decades, nanomaterials (NMs) have been widely applied in the cosmetic, food, engineering, and medical fields. Along with the prevalence of NMs, the toxicological characteristics exhibited by these materials on health and the environment have gradually attracted attentions. A growing number of evidences have indicated that epigenetics holds an essential role in the onset and development of various diseases. NMs could cause epigenetic alterations such as DNA methylation, noncoding RNA (ncRNA) expression, and histone modifications. NMs might alternate either global DNA methylation or the methylation of specific genes to affect the biological function. Abnormal upregulation or downregulation of ncRNAs might also be a potential mechanism for the toxic effects caused by NMs. In parallel, the phosphorylation, acetylation, and methylation of histones also take an important part in the process of NMs-induced toxicity. As the adverse effects of NMs continue to be explored, mechanisms such as chromosomal remodeling, genomic imprinting, and m6 A modification are also gradually coming into the limelight. Since the epigenetic alterations often occur in the early development of diseases, thus the relevant studies not only provide insight into the pathogenesis of diseases, but also screen for the prospective biomarkers for early diagnosis and prevention. This review summarizes the epigenetic alterations elicited by NMs, hoping to provide a clue for nanotoxicity studies and security evaluation of NMs. This article is categorized under: Toxicology and Regulatory Issues in Nanomedicine > Toxicology of Nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinglin Sun
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tianyu Li
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiwei Sun
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Junchao Duan
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Green Synthesis of Silymarin-Chitosan Nanoparticles as a New Nano Formulation with Enhanced Anti-Fibrotic Effects against Liver Fibrosis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105420. [PMID: 35628233 PMCID: PMC9141191 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Silymarin (SIL) has long been utilized to treat a variety of liver illnesses, but due to its poor water solubility and low membrane permeability, it has a low oral bioavailability, limiting its therapeutic potential. Aim: Design and evaluate hepatic-targeted delivery of safe biocompatible formulated SIL-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (SCNPs) to enhance SIL’s anti-fibrotic effectiveness in rats with CCl4-induced liver fibrosis. Methods: The SCNPs and chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs) were prepared by ionotropic gelation technique and are characterized by physicochemical parameters such as particle size, morphology, zeta potential, and in vitro release studies. The therapeutic efficacy of successfully formulated SCNPs and CNPs were subjected to in vivo evaluation studies. Rats were daily administered SIL, SCNPs, and CNPs orally for 30 days. Results: The in vivo study revealed that the synthesized SCNPs demonstrated a significant antifibrotic therapeutic action against CCl4-induced hepatic injury in rats when compared to treated groups of SIL and CNPs. SCNP-treated rats had a healthy body weight, with normal values for liver weight and liver index, as well as significant improvements in liver functions, inflammatory indicators, antioxidant pathway activation, and lipid peroxidation reduction. The antifibrotic activities of SCNPs were mediated by suppressing the expression of the main fibrosis mediators TGFβR1, COL3A1, and TGFβR2 by boosting the hepatic expression of protective miRNAs; miR-22, miR-29c, and miR-219a, respectively. The anti-fibrotic effects of SCNPs were supported by histopathology and immunohistochemistry (IHC) study. Conclusions: According to the above results, SCNPs might be the best suitable carrier to target liver cells in the treatment of liver fibrosis.
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Szychowski KA, Skóra B, Bar M, Piechowiak T. Triclosan (TCS) affects the level of DNA methylation in the human oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC-15) cell line in a nontoxic concentration. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 149:112815. [PMID: 35286965 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The oral cancer is presumably caused by genetic factors and exposure to substances derived from cosmetics and disinfectants. Triclosan (TCS) is widely spread in many consumer products and oral care products. Since TCS can affect DNA methylation, which is one of the key mechanisms of gene expression that may lead to cancerogenesis, it is necessary to study this mechanism in oral cell carcinoma. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of TCS on metabolic parameters, oxidative stress, gene expression, and DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation in the SCC-15 cell line. The experiments have shown TCS toxicity to SCC-15 cells only in the highest concentrations of 50 and 100 µM. TCS in a wide range of concentrations increases ROS production and caspase-3 activity. Our experiments have shown that TCS in the nontoxic concentrations of 10 µM exerts an impact on SOD2 mRNA expression and SOD activity in the SCC-15 cell line. Finally, our experiments have demonstrated that 6-h treatment with TCS decreases the mRNA expression of DNMT3A and DNMT3B. After 72-h exposure to TCS, an increased level of 5-methylcytosine and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine was observed in the SCC-15 cell line, but it was abolished by the NAC treatment. However, it is very likely that these results can be an effect of TET enzyme activity, especially in the case of the decrease in 5mC and the increase in 5hmC after the 48-h exposure to TCS, which was accompanied with a decrease in the mRNA expression of DNMT3A and DNMT3B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konrad A Szychowski
- Department of Biotechnology and Cell Biology, Medical College, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszow, Sucharskiego 2, 35-225 Rzeszow, Poland.
| | - Bartosz Skóra
- Department of Biotechnology and Cell Biology, Medical College, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszow, Sucharskiego 2, 35-225 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Monika Bar
- Department of Biotechnology and Cell Biology, Medical College, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszow, Sucharskiego 2, 35-225 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Tomasz Piechowiak
- Department of Chemistry and Food Toxicology, Institute of Food Technology and Nutrition, University of Rzeszow, Cwiklinskiej 1a, 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland
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Emojevwe V, Nwangwa EK, Naiho AO, Oyovwi MO, Ben-Azu B. Toxicological outcome of phthalate exposure on male fertility: Ameliorative impacts of the co-administration of N-acetylcysteine and zinc sulfate in rats. MIDDLE EAST FERTILITY SOCIETY JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43043-022-00096-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Reports have shown that humans are consistently exposed to environmental toxicants such as phthalate (PHT) during their daily activities. This results in reproductive dysfunction and infertility-related issues as already noted in human and experimental animals. We therefore designed this study to investigate fertility outcome in phthalate-exposed male rats treated with N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and zinc sulfate (ZnSO4) with the view of providing a therapeutic alternative to reproductive toxicity caused by phthalate. The research was done in two phases. In phase 1, thirty-five male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to one of five (n = 7) groups given the following treatments for 21 days: group A was given distilled water as a control, while groups B, C, D, and E were given phthalate (750 mg/kg/day). Animals in groups C to E were also given ZnSO4 (0.5 mg/kg/day), N-acetylcysteine (100 mg/kg/day), and ZnSO4 (0.5 mg/kg/day) + N-acetylcysteine (100 mg/kg/day) in addition to phthalate. In phase 2, animals from groups in phase 1 were mated with females for fecundity testing.
Results
The result shows alteration in testicular and epididymis weight and testis/epididymis ratio, semen parameters, sperm capacitation and acrosome reaction, sperm DNA, serum Zn and Mg, testicular mitochondria apoptosis mechanisms (TNF-α and BCL-2), and testicular Ca2+-ATPase as well as fecundity outcome in the phthalate-treated group. However, ZnSO4 and NAC successfully ameliorated the deleterious effects of phthalate on semen parameters, sperm capacitation and acrosome reaction, serum electrolyte and mitochondria apoptosis mechanisms, and testicular electrogenic Ca2+-ATPase in phthalate-induced male rats with a better outcome in the combined therapy. Pregnancy outcome and litter sizes were also higher in the combined therapy when also compared with the phthalate-treated groups.
Conclusion
According to the result, ZnSO4 and NAC increased fertility outcome in phthalate-treated male rats through enhancement of testicular BCL-2, serum electrolyte, testicular Ca2+ATPase pumps, and cytoprotection.
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Nanomaterial-Based Therapy for Wound Healing. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12040618. [PMID: 35214947 PMCID: PMC8878029 DOI: 10.3390/nano12040618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Poor wound healing affects millions of people globally, resulting in increased mortality rates and associated expenses. The three major complications associated with wounds are: (i) the lack of an appropriate environment to enable the cell migration, proliferation, and angiogenesis; (ii) the microbial infection; (iii) unstable and protracted inflammation. Unfortunately, existing therapeutic methods have not solved these primary problems completely, and, thus, they have an inadequate medical accomplishment. Over the years, the integration of the remarkable properties of nanomaterials into wound healing has produced significant results. Nanomaterials can stimulate numerous cellular and molecular processes that aid in the wound microenvironment via antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and angiogenic effects, possibly changing the milieu from nonhealing to healing. The present article highlights the mechanism and pathophysiology of wound healing. Further, it discusses the current findings concerning the prospects and challenges of nanomaterial usage in the management of chronic wounds.
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Sang Y, Liu J, Li X, Zhou G, Zhang Y, Gao L, Zhao Y, Zhou X. The effect of SiNPs on DNA methylation of genome in mouse spermatocytes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:43684-43697. [PMID: 33840017 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13459-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Silica nanoparticles (SiNPs), which are the main inorganic components of atmospheric particulate matter, have been proved to have certain male reproductive toxicity in previous studies. Spermatogenesis involves complex epigenetic regulation, but it is still unclear if SiNPs exposure will interfere with the DNA methylation patterns in mouse spermatocytes. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of SiNPs on DNA methylation in the mouse spermatocyte GC-2spd(ts). GC-2 cells were treated with 0 and 20 μg/mL SiNPs for 24 h. MeDIP-seq assay was then performed to analyze the differentially methylated genes related to spermatogenesis. The results showed that SiNPs induced extensive methylation changes in the genome of GC-2 cells, and 24a total of 428 hyper-methylated genes and 398 hypo-methylated genes were identified. Gene Ontology and pathway analysis showed that differential DNA methylation induced by SiNPs was probably involved with abnormal transcription and translation, mitochondrial damage, and cell apoptosis. Results from qRT-PCR verification showed that the expression of spermatogenesis-related genes Akap1, Crem, Spz1, and Tex11 were dysregulated by SiNPs exposure, which was consistent with the MeDIP-seq assay. In general, this study suggested that SiNPs caused genome-wide DNA methylation changes in GC-2 cells, providing valuable reference for the future epigenetic studies in SiNPs-induced male reproductive toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujian Sang
- Department of Toxicology and Hygienic Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Jianhui Liu
- Department of Toxicology and Hygienic Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Xiangyang Li
- Department of Toxicology and Hygienic Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Guiqing Zhou
- Department of Toxicology and Hygienic Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Toxicology and Hygienic Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Leqiang Gao
- Department of Toxicology and Hygienic Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Yanzhi Zhao
- Yanjing Medical College, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Xianqing Zhou
- Department of Toxicology and Hygienic Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
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Wang M, Huang X, Zheng H, Tang Y, Zeng K, Shao L, Li L. Nanomaterials applied in wound healing: Mechanisms, limitations and perspectives. J Control Release 2021; 337:236-247. [PMID: 34273419 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Internal and external factors cause various types of wounds on the skin. Infections, nonhealing chronic wounds, and aesthetic and functional recovery all cause challenges for clinicians. The development of nanotechnology in biomedicine has brought many new materials, methods and therapeutic targets for the treatment of wounds, which are believed to have great prospects. In this work, the nanomaterials applied in different stages to promote wound healing and systematically expounded their mechanisms were reviewed. Then, the difficulties and defects of the present research and suggested methods for improvement were pointed out. Moreover, based on the current application status of nanomaterials in wound treatment, some new ideas for subsequent studies were proposed and the feasibility of intelligent healing by real-time monitoring, precision regulation, and signal transmission between electronic signals and human nerve signals in the future were discussed. This review will provide valuable directions and spark new thoughts for researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menglei Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaowen Huang
- Department of Dermatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Huanxin Zheng
- Department of Dermatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Yingmei Tang
- Department of Dermatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Kang Zeng
- Department of Dermatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Longquan Shao
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China.
| | - Li Li
- Department of Dermatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China.
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Abdelnour SA, Alagawany M, Hashem NM, Farag MR, Alghamdi ES, Hassan FU, Bilal RM, Elnesr SS, Dawood MAO, Nagadi SA, Elwan HAM, ALmasoudi AG, Attia YA. Nanominerals: Fabrication Methods, Benefits and Hazards, and Their Applications in Ruminants with Special Reference to Selenium and Zinc Nanoparticles. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11071916. [PMID: 34203158 PMCID: PMC8300133 DOI: 10.3390/ani11071916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Nanomaterials can contribute to the sustainability of the livestock sector through improving the quantitative and qualitative production of safe, healthy, and functional animal products. Given the diverse nanotechnology applications in the animal nutrition field, the administration of nanominerals can substantially enhance the bioavailability of respective minerals by increasing cellular uptake and avoiding mineral antagonism. Nanominerals are also helpful for improving reproductive performance and assisted reproductive technologies outcomes of animals. Despite the promising positive effects of nanominerals on animal performance (growth, feed utilization, nutrient bioavailability, antioxidant status, and immune response), there are various challenges related to nanominerals, including their metabolism and fate in the animal’s body. Thus, the economic, legal, and ethical implications of nanomaterials must also be considered by the authority. Abstract Nanotechnology is one of the major advanced technologies applied in different fields, including agriculture, livestock, medicine, and food sectors. Nanomaterials can help maintain the sustainability of the livestock sector through improving quantitative and qualitative production of safe, healthy, and functional animal products. Given the diverse nanotechnology applications in the animal nutrition field, the use of nanomaterials opens the horizon of opportunities for enhancing feed utilization and efficiency in animal production. Nanotechnology facilitates the development of nano vehicles for nutrients (including trace minerals), allowing efficient delivery to improve digestion and absorption for better nutrient metabolism and physiology. Nanominerals are interesting alternatives for inorganic and organic minerals for animals that can substantially enhance the bioavailability and reduce pollution. Nanominerals promote antioxidant activity, and improve growth performance, reproductive performance, immune response, intestinal health, and the nutritional value of animal products. Nanominerals are also helpful for improving assisted reproductive technologies (ART) outcomes by enriching media for cryopreservation of spermatozoa, oocytes, and embryos with antioxidant nanominerals. Despite the promising positive effects of nanominerals on animal performance and health, there are various challenges related to nanominerals, including their metabolism and fate in the animal’s body. Thus, the economic, legal, and ethical implications of nanomaterials must also be considered by the authority. This review highlights the benefits of including nanominerals (particularly nano-selenium and nano-zinc) in animal diets and/or cryopreservation media, focusing on modes of action, physiological effects, and the potential toxicity of their impact on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameh A. Abdelnour
- Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt;
| | - Mahmoud Alagawany
- Department of Poultry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
- Correspondence: (M.A.); (N.M.H.); (Y.A.A.)
| | - Nesrein M. Hashem
- Department of Animal and Fish Production, Faculty of Agriculture (El-Shatby), Alexandria University, Alexandria 21545, Egypt
- Correspondence: (M.A.); (N.M.H.); (Y.A.A.)
| | - Mayada R. Farag
- Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt;
| | - Etab S. Alghamdi
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Sciences and Design, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Faiz Ul Hassan
- Institute of Animal & Dairy Sciences, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan;
| | - Rana M. Bilal
- University College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan;
| | - Shaaban S. Elnesr
- Poultry Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Egypt;
| | - Mahmoud A. O. Dawood
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt;
| | - Sameer A. Nagadi
- Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Hamada A. M. Elwan
- Animal and Poultry Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Minia University, El-Minya 61519, Egypt;
| | - Abeer G. ALmasoudi
- Food Science Department, College of Science, Branch of the College at Turbah, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Youssef A. Attia
- Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Animal and Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22516, Egypt
- The Strategic Center to Kingdom Vision Realization, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (M.A.); (N.M.H.); (Y.A.A.)
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Schwalfenberg GK. N-Acetylcysteine: A Review of Clinical Usefulness (an Old Drug with New Tricks). J Nutr Metab 2021; 2021:9949453. [PMID: 34221501 PMCID: PMC8211525 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9949453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review the clinical usefulness of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) as treatment or adjunctive therapy in a number of medical conditions. Use in Tylenol overdose, cystic fibrosis, and chronic obstructive lung disease has been well documented, but there is emerging evidence many other conditions would benefit from this safe, simple, and inexpensive intervention. Quality of Evidence. PubMed, several books, and conference proceedings were searched for articles on NAC and health conditions listed above reviewing supportive evidence. This study uses a traditional integrated review format, and clinically relevant information is assessed using the American Family Physician Evidence-Based Medicine Toolkit. A table summarizing the potential mechanisms of action for N-acetylcysteine in these conditions is presented. Main Message. N-acetylcysteine may be useful as an adjuvant in treating various medical conditions, especially chronic diseases. These conditions include polycystic ovary disease, male infertility, sleep apnea, acquired immune deficiency syndrome, influenza, parkinsonism, multiple sclerosis, peripheral neuropathy, stroke outcomes, diabetic neuropathy, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, schizophrenia, bipolar illness, and obsessive compulsive disorder; it can also be useful as a chelator for heavy metals and nanoparticles. There are also a number of other conditions that may show benefit; however, the evidence is not as robust. CONCLUSION The use of N-acetylcysteine should be considered in a number of conditions as our population ages and levels of glutathione drop. Supplementation may contribute to reducing morbidity and mortality in some chronic conditions as outlined in the article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerry K. Schwalfenberg
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Alberta, No. 301, 9509-156 Street, Edmonton T5P 4J5, AB, Canada
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Ku T, Hao F, Yang X, Rao Z, Liu QS, Sang N, Faiola F, Zhou Q, Jiang G. Graphene Quantum Dots Disrupt Embryonic Stem Cell Differentiation by Interfering with the Methylation Level of Sox2. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:3144-3155. [PMID: 33569944 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c07359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The tremendous potential for graphene quantum dots (GQDs) in biomedical applications has led to growing concerns of their health risks in human beings. However, present studies mainly focused on oxidative stress, apoptosis, and other general toxicity effects; the knowledge on the developmental toxicity and the related regulatory mechanisms is still far from sufficient. Our study revealed the development retardation of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) caused by GQDs with a novel DNA methylation epigenetic mechanism. Specifically, GQDs were internalized into cells mainly via energy-dependent endocytosis, and a significant fraction of internalized GQDs remained in the cells even after a 48-h clearance period. Albeit with unobservable cytotoxicity or any influences on cell pluripotency, significant retardation was found in the in vitro differentiation of the mESCs into embryoid bodies (EBs) with the upregulation of Sox2 levels in GQD pretreatment groups. Importantly, this effect could be contributed by GQD-induced inhibition in CpG methylation of Sox2 through altering methyltransferase and demethyltransferase transcriptional expressions, and the demethyltransferase inhibitor, bobcat339 hydrochloride, reduced GQD-induced upregulation of Sox2. The current study first demonstrated that GQDs compromised the differentiation program of the mESCs, potentially causing development retardation. Exposure to this nanomaterial during gestation or early developmental period would cause adverse health risks and is worthy of more attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Ku
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Fang Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Xiaoxi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Ziyu Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Qian S Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Nan Sang
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Francesco Faiola
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qunfang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Guibin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310000, China
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Pogribna M, Hammons G. Epigenetic Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanoparticles. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:2. [PMID: 33407537 PMCID: PMC7789336 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-020-00740-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The rise of nanotechnology and widespread use of engineered nanomaterials in everyday human life has led to concerns regarding their potential effect on human health. Adverse effects of nanomaterials and nanoparticles on various molecular and cellular alterations have been well-studied. In contrast, the role of epigenetic alterations in their toxicity remains relatively unexplored. This review summarizes current evidence of alterations in cytosine DNA methylation and histone modifications in response to nanomaterials and nanoparticles exposures in vivo and in vitro. This review also highlights existing knowledge gaps regarding the role of epigenetic alterations in nanomaterials and nanoparticles toxicity. Additionally, the role of epigenetic changes as potential translational biomarkers for detecting adverse effects of nanomaterials and nanoparticles is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Pogribna
- FDA/National Center for Toxicological Research, NCTR, HFT-110, 3900 NCTR Rd, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA.
| | - George Hammons
- FDA/National Center for Toxicological Research, NCTR, HFT-110, 3900 NCTR Rd, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
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15
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Pogribna M, Koonce NA, Mathew A, Word B, Patri AK, Lyn-Cook B, Hammons G. Effect of titanium dioxide nanoparticles on DNA methylation in multiple human cell lines. Nanotoxicology 2020; 14:534-553. [PMID: 32031460 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2020.1723730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Nanoscale titanium dioxide (TiO2) is manufactured in wide scale, with a range of applications in consumer products. Significant toxicity of TiO2 nanoparticles has, however, been recognized, suggesting considerable risk to human health. To evaluate fully their toxicity, assessment of the epigenetic action of these nanoparticles is critical. However, only few studies are available examining capability of nanoparticles to alter epigenetic integrity. In the present study, the effect of TiO2 nanoparticles exposure on DNA methylation, a major epigenetic mechanism, was investigated in in vitro cellular model systems. A panel of cells relevant to portals of human exposure (Caco-2 (colorectal), HepG2 (liver), NL20 (lung), and A-431 (skin)) was exposed to TiO2 nanoparticles to assess effects on global methylation, gene-specific methylation, and expression levels of DNA methyltransferases, MBD2, and UHRF1. Global methylation was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay-based immunochemical analysis. Degree of promoter methylation across a defined panel of genes was evaluated using EpiTect Methyl II Signature PCR System Array technology. Expression of DNMT1, DNMT3a, DNMT3b, MBD2, and URHF1 was quantified by qRT-PCR. Decrease in global DNA methylation in cell lines Caco-2, HepG2, and A-431 exposed to TiO2 nanoparticles was shown. Across four cell lines, eight genes (CDKN1A, DNAJC15, GADD45A, GDF15, INSIG1, SCARA3, TP53, and BNIP3) were identified in which promotors were methylated after exposure. Altered expression of these genes is associated with disease etiology. The results also revealed aberrant expression of epigenetic regulatory genes involved in DNA methylation (DNMT1, DNMT3a, DNMT3b, MBD2, and UHRF1) in TiO2 exposed cells, which was cell type dependent. Findings from this study clearly demonstrate the impact of TiO2 nanoparticles exposure on DNA methylation in multiple cell types, supporting potential involvement of this epigenetic mechanism in the toxicity of TiO2 nanoparticles. Hence for complete assessment of potential risk from nanoparticle exposure, epigenetic studies are critical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Pogribna
- Division of Biochemical Toxicity, FDA/National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, AR, USA
| | - Nathan A Koonce
- Nanotechology Core, FDA/National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, AR, USA
| | - Ammu Mathew
- Nanotechology Core, FDA/National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, AR, USA
| | - Beverly Word
- Division of Biochemical Toxicity, FDA/National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, AR, USA
| | - Anil K Patri
- Nanotechology Core, FDA/National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, AR, USA
| | - Beverly Lyn-Cook
- Division of Biochemical Toxicity, FDA/National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, AR, USA
| | - George Hammons
- Division of Biochemical Toxicity, FDA/National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, AR, USA
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Transcriptome Analysis and Emerging Driver Identification of CD8+ T Cells in Patients with Vitiligo. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:2503924. [PMID: 31885781 PMCID: PMC6899274 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2503924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Activated CD8+ T cells play important roles in the pathogenesis of vitiligo. However, driving factors about the activation and migration of CD8+ T cells remain obscure. In this study, we aim to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and uncover potential factors that drive the disease in melanocyte-specific CD8+ T cells in vitiligo. A total of 1147 DEGs were found through transcriptome sequencing in CD8+ T cells from lesional skin of vitiligo patients and normal controls. Based on KEGG pathway enrichment analysis and PPI, 16 upregulated and 23 downregulated genes were identified. Ultimately, 3 genes were figured out after RT-qPCR verification. The mRNA and protein expression levels of PIK3CB, HIF-1α, and F2RL1 were all elevated in CD8+ T cells from peripheral blood in vitiligo. HIF-1α and PIK3CB were significantly increased in lesional skin of vitiligo. Two CpG sites of the HIF-1α promoter were hypomethylated in vitiligo CD8+ T cells. In conclusion, HIF-1α, F2RL1, and PIK3CB may act as novel drivers for vitiligo, which are all closely associated with reactive oxygen species and possibly contribute to the activation and/or migration of melanocyte-specific CD8+ T cells in vitiligo. In addition, we uncovered a potential role for DNA hypomethylation of HIF-1α in CD8+ T cells of vitiligo.
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