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Abu-El-Rub E, Khasawneh RR, Almahasneh F. Prodigious therapeutic effects of combining mesenchymal stem cells with magnetic nanoparticles. World J Stem Cells 2022; 14:513-526. [PMID: 36157526 PMCID: PMC9350622 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v14.i7.513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have gained wide-ranging reputation in the medical research community due to their promising regenerative abilities. MSCs can be isolated from various resources mostly bone marrow, Adipose tissues and Umbilical cord. Huge advances have been achieved in comprehending the possible mechanisms underlying the therapeutic functions of MSCs. Despite the proven role of MSCs in repairing and healing of many disease modalities, many hurdles hinder the transferring of these cells in the clinical settings. Among the most reported problems encountering MSCs therapy in vivo are loss of tracking signal post-transplantation, insufficient migration, homing and engraftment post-infusion, and undesirable differentiation at the site of injury. Magnetic nano particles (MNPs) have been used widely for various biomedical applications. MNPs have a metallic core stabilized by an outer coating material and their ma gnetic properties can be modulated by an external magnetic field. These magnetic properties of MNPs were found to enhance the quality of diagnostic imaging procedures and can be used to create a carrying system for targeted delivery of therapeutic substances mainly drug, genes and stem cells. Several studies highlighted the advantageous outcomes of combining MSCs with MNPs in potentiating their tracking, monitoring, homing, engraftment and differentiation. In this review, we will discuss the role of MNPs in promoting the therapeutic profile of MSCs which may improve the success rate of MSCs transplantation and solve many challenges that delay their clinical applicability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ejlal Abu-El-Rub
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Yarmouk University, Irbid 21163, Jordan
| | - Ramada R Khasawneh
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Yarmouk University, Irbid 21163, Jordan.
| | - Fatimah Almahasneh
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Yarmouk University, Irbid 21163, Jordan
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2
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Fangary S, Abdel-Halim M, Fathalla RK, Hassan R, Farag N, Engel M, Mansour S, Tammam SN. Nanoparticle Fraught Liposomes: A Platform for Increased Antibiotic Selectivity in Multidrug Resistant Bacteria. Mol Pharm 2022; 19:3163-3177. [PMID: 35876358 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Increasing antibiotic concentrations within bacterial cells while reducing them in mammalian ones would ultimately result in an enhancement of antibacterial actions, overcoming multidrug resistance, all while minimizing toxicity. Nanoparticles (NPs) have been used in numerous occasions to overcome antibiotic resistance, poor drug solubility, and stability. However, the concomitant increase in antibiotic concentration in mammalian cells and the resultant toxicity are usually overlooked. Without compromising bacterial cell fusion, large liposomes (Lip) have been reported to show reduced uptake in mammalian cells. Therefore, in this work, small NP fraught liposomes (NP-Lip) were formulated with the aim of increasing NP uptake and antibiotic delivery in bacterial cells but not in mammalian ones. Small polylactic-co-glycolic acid NPs were therefore loaded with erythromycin (Er), an antibiotic with low membrane permeability that is susceptible to drug efflux, and 3c, a 5-cyanothiazolyl urea derivative with low solubility and stability. In vitro experiments demonstrated that the incorporation of small NPs into large Lip resulted in a reduction in NP uptake by HEK293 cells while increasing it in Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli DH5α, E. coli K12, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa), consequently resulting in an enhancement of antibiotic selectivity by fourfold toward E. coli (both strains) and eightfold toward P. aeruginosa. Ocular administration of NP-Lip in a P. aeruginosa keratitis mouse model demonstrated the ability of Er/3c-loaded NP-Lip to result in a complete recovery. More importantly, in comparison to NPs, the ocular administration of NP-Lip showed a reduction in TNF-alpha and IL-6 levels, implying reduced interaction with mammalian cells in vivo. This work therefore clearly demonstrated how tailoring the nano-bio interaction could result in selective drug delivery and a reduction in toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzan Fangary
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, German University in Cairo (GUC), New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Mohammad Abdel-Halim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, German University in Cairo (GUC), New Cairo 24681, Egypt
| | - Reem K Fathalla
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Raghda Hassan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, German University in Cairo (GUC), New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Noha Farag
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, German University in Cairo (GUC), New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Matthias Engel
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Samar Mansour
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, German University in Cairo (GUC), New Cairo 11835, Egypt.,Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy-Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Salma N Tammam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, German University in Cairo (GUC), New Cairo 11835, Egypt
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3
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Musielak M, Potoczny J, Boś-Liedke A, Kozak M. The Combination of Liposomes and Metallic Nanoparticles as Multifunctional Nanostructures in the Therapy and Medical Imaging-A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6229. [PMID: 34207682 PMCID: PMC8229649 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology has introduced a new quality and has definitely developed the possibilities of treating and diagnosing various diseases. One of the scientists' interests is liposomes and metallic nanoparticles (LipoMNPs)-the combination of which has introduced new properties and applications. However, the field of creating hybrid nanostructures consisting of liposomes and metallic nanoparticles is relatively little understood. The purpose of this review was to compile the latest reports in the field of treatment and medical imaging using of LipoMNPs. The authors focused on presenting this issue in the direction of improving the used conventional treatment and imaging methods. Most of all, the nature of bio-interactions between nanostructures and cells is not sufficiently taken into account. As a result, overcoming the existing limitations in the implementation of such solutions in the clinic is difficult. We concluded that hybrid nanostructures are used in a very wide range, especially in the treatment of cancer and magnetic resonance imaging. There were also solutions that combine treatments with simultaneous imaging, creating a theragnostic approach. In the future, researchers should focus on the description of the biological interactions and the long-term effects of the nanostructures to use LipoMNPs in the treatment of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marika Musielak
- Department of Electroradiology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznań, Poland
- Radiobiology Laboratory, Department of Medical Physics, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, 61-866 Poznań, Poland
- Department of Macromolecular Physics, Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614 Poznań, Poland; (A.B.-L.); (M.K.)
| | - Jakub Potoczny
- Heliodor Swiecicki Clinical Hospital in Poznan, 60-355 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka Boś-Liedke
- Department of Macromolecular Physics, Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614 Poznań, Poland; (A.B.-L.); (M.K.)
| | - Maciej Kozak
- Department of Macromolecular Physics, Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614 Poznań, Poland; (A.B.-L.); (M.K.)
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4
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Lorkowski ME, Atukorale PU, Ghaghada KB, Karathanasis E. Stimuli-Responsive Iron Oxide Nanotheranostics: A Versatile and Powerful Approach for Cancer Therapy. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2001044. [PMID: 33225633 PMCID: PMC7933107 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202001044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Recent advancements in unravelling elements of cancer biology involved in disease progression and treatment resistance have highlighted the need for a holistic approach to effectively tackle cancer. Stimuli-responsive nanotheranostics based on iron oxide nanoparticles are an emerging class of versatile nanomedicines with powerful capabilities to "seek, sense, and attack" multiple components of solid tumors. In this work, the rationale for using iron oxide nanoparticles and the basic physical principles that impact their function in biomedical applications are reviewed. Subsequently, recent advances in the integration of iron oxide nanoparticles with various stimulus mechanisms to facilitate the development of stimuli-responsive nanotheranostics for application in cancer therapy are summarized. The integration of an iron oxide core with various surface coating mechanisms results in the generation of hybrid nanoconstructs with capabilities to codeliver a wide variety of highly potent anticancer therapeutics and immune modulators. Finally, emerging future directions and considerations for their clinical translation are touched upon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan E. Lorkowski
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Prabhani U. Atukorale
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Ketan B. Ghaghada
- Edward B. Singleton Department of Pediatric Radiology, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Radiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Efstathios Karathanasis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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Villanueva ME, Giudice F, Ambroggio E, Vico RV. Liposome Fusion Mediated by Hydrophobic Magnetic Nanoparticles Stabilized with Oleic Acid and Modulated by an External Magnetic Field. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:1861-1873. [PMID: 33493398 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c03291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Membrane fusion is considered relevant in countless scientific areas and biotechnological processes, ranging from vital life events to biomedicine, pharmaceuticals, and materials engineering, among others. In this study, we employed hydrophobic oleic acid (OA)-coated magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles (MNP-OA) as a platform to induce the fusion of 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine liposomes [large unilamellar vesicles (LUVs)] in a colloidal dispersion. This fusion was monitored through dynamic light scattering, turbidimetry, and fluorescence assay using the well-known Tb/dipicolinic acid (DPA) complex formation assay. MNP-OA have shown to be able to induce fusion with the mixing of liposomal inner content with direct dependence on the nanoparticle concentration added to the LUVs. Moreover, changes in the permeability of the liposome bilayer, upon the addition of MNP-OA to liposomes, were evaluated by studying the leakage of carboxyfluorescein and of the co-encapsulated Tb/DPA complex. These assays allowed us to determine that MNP-OA did not significantly modify liposome permeability during the fusion process. Transmission electron microscopy and confocal microscopy revealed that MNP-OA remained embedded in the lipid bilayer without producing membrane rupture, liposome deformation, or destruction. In addition, we evaluated the effect of applying a low-intensity magnetic field to the LUVs/MNP-OA system and observed that the nanoparticles considerably increased their fusogenic activity under this external stimulus, as well as they are capable of responding to low magnetic fields of around 0.45 mT. These results revealed the potential of hydrophobic magnetic nanoparticles, stabilized with OA, to act as a fusogen, thus representing a valuable tool for biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martín E Villanueva
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Fisicoquímica de Córdoba (INFIQC-UNC-CONICET), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Haya de la Torre y Medina Allende, Ciudad Universitaria, Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina
| | - Francesca Giudice
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Fisicoquímica de Córdoba (INFIQC-UNC-CONICET), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Haya de la Torre y Medina Allende, Ciudad Universitaria, Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina
| | - Ernesto Ambroggio
- Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba (CIQUIBIC, CONICET) and Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Haya de la Torre y Medina Allende, Ciudad Universitaria, Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina
| | - Raquel V Vico
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Fisicoquímica de Córdoba (INFIQC-UNC-CONICET), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Haya de la Torre y Medina Allende, Ciudad Universitaria, Córdoba X5000HUA, Argentina
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6
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Optimization of the Preparation of Magnetic Liposomes for the Combined Use of Magnetic Hyperthermia and Photothermia in Dual Magneto-Photothermal Cancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21155187. [PMID: 32707876 PMCID: PMC7432522 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, we aimed to develop liposomal nanocomposites containing citric-acid-coated iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (CMNPs) for dual magneto-photothermal cancer therapy induced by alternating magnetic field (AMF) and near-infrared (NIR) lasers. Toward this end, CMNPs were encapsulated in cationic liposomes to form nano-sized magnetic liposomes (MLs) for simultaneous magnetic hyperthermia (MH) in the presence of AMF and photothermia (PT) induced by NIR laser exposure, which amplified the heating efficiency for dual-mode cancer cell killing and tumor therapy. Since the heating capability is directly related to the amount of entrapped CMNPs in MLs, while the liposome size is important to allow internalization by cancer cells, response surface methodology was utilized to optimize the preparation of MLs by simultaneously maximizing the encapsulation efficiency (EE) of CMNPs in MLs and minimizing the size of MLs. The experimental design was performed based on the central composite rotatable design. The accuracy of the model was verified from the validation experiments, providing a simple and effective method for fabricating the best MLs, with an EE of 87% and liposome size of 121 nm. The CMNPs and the optimized MLs were fully characterized from chemical and physical perspectives. In the presence of dual AMF and NIR laser treatment, a suspension of MLs demonstrated amplified heat generation from dual hyperthermia (MH)–photothermia (PT) in comparison with single MH or PT. In vitro cell culture experiments confirmed the efficient cellular uptake of the MLs from confocal laser scanning microscopy due to passive accumulation in human glioblastoma U87 cells originated from the cationic nature of MLs. The inducible thermal effects mediated by MLs after endocytosis also led to enhanced cytotoxicity and cumulative cell death of cancer cells in the presence of AMF–NIR lasers. This functional nanocomposite will be a potential candidate for bimodal MH–PT dual magneto-photothermal cancer therapy.
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7
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Mota-Cobián A, Velasco C, Mateo J, España S. Optimization of purification techniques for lumen-loaded magnetoliposomes. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 31:145102. [PMID: 31810069 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab5f80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Liposomes encapsulating magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), known as magnetoliposomes (MLs), have become a hot topic in biomedical research for applications in remote-triggered drug delivery and diagnostic imaging. One of the most crucial steps in the preparation of MLs is the purification of non-encapsulated MNPs, as a non-efficient purification can lead to misleading results. Purification is challenging especially when MNPs are loaded in the liposome lumen due to the small size differences between the MLs and the non-encapsulated MNPs. This work presents a comparison of three well known purification techniques, namely size exclusion chromatography, centrifugation and salt-induced aggregation, using five commercial MNPs with different configurations. The optimal purification techniques for two MNPs were studied further in the synthesis of MLs. In conclusion, we show that an efficient MLs purification requires the performance of a detailed study to select a valid method that is strongly dependent upon MNPs choices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Mota-Cobián
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain. Universidad Complutense de Madrid; IdISSC, Madrid, Spain
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Chen J, Hu H, Feng L, Zhu Q, Hancharou A, Liu B, Yan C, Xu Y, Guo R. Preparation and characterization of 3D porous conductive scaffolds with magnetic resonance enhancement in tissue engineering. Biomed Mater 2019; 14:045013. [DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ab1d9c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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9
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Khaleghi S, Rahbarizadeh F, Ahmadvand D, Hosseini HRM. Anti-HER2 VHH Targeted Magnetoliposome for Intelligent Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Breast Cancer Cells. Cell Mol Bioeng 2017; 10:263-272. [PMID: 31719864 DOI: 10.1007/s12195-017-0481-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The combination of liposomes with magnetic nanoparticles, because of their strong effect on T2 relaxation can open new ways in the innovative cancer therapy and diagnosis. In order to design an intelligent contrast agent in MRI, we chose anti-HER2 nanobody the smallest fully functional antigen-binding fragments evolved from the variable domain, the VHH, of a camel heavy chain-only antibody. These targeted magnetoliposomes bind to the HER2 antigen which is highly expressed on breast and ovarian cancer cells so reducing the side effects as well as increasing image contrast and effectiveness. Cellular iron uptake analysis and in vitro MRI of HER2 positive cells incubated with targeted nanoparticles show specific cell targeting. In vitro MRI shows even at the lowest density (200 Cells/μl), dark spots corresponding to labeled cells which were still detectable. These results suggest that this new type of nanoparticles could be effective antigen-targeted contrast agents for molecular imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Khaleghi
- 1Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. BOX. 14115-331, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Rahbarizadeh
- 1Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. BOX. 14115-331, Tehran, Iran
| | - Davoud Ahmadvand
- 2School of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Madaah Hosseini
- 3Materials Science and Engineering Department, Sharif University of Technology, Azadi Avenue, P.O. BOX. 11155-9466, Tehran, Iran
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Tang HX, Zhao TW, Zheng T, Sheng YJ, Zheng HS, Zhang YS. Liver-targeting liposome drug delivery system and its research progress in liver diseases. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2016; 24:4238-4246. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v24.i31.4238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Liposome-based targeted therapy is mainly divided into active targeting, passive targeting, and physical and chemical targeting. In terms of liver targeting, because of specificity, active liver-targeting liposomes have received more and more attention, and these types of liposomes can be used in liver fibrosis, hepatitis and other chronic liver diseases. In addition, the particle size could control the passive liver targeting of liposomes, while the liver-targeted liposomes of the physical and chemical targeting type have advantages in treating hepatic carcinoma. In this paper, we focus on the basics and application of liver-targeting liposome drug delivery system in hepatic diseases.
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Martínez-González R, Estelrich J, Busquets MA. Liposomes Loaded with Hydrophobic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: Suitable T₂ Contrast Agents for MRI. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17081209. [PMID: 27472319 PMCID: PMC5000607 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17081209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Revised: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
There has been a recent surge of interest in the use of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) as contrast agents (CAs) for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), due to their tunable properties and their low toxicity compared with other CAs such as gadolinium. SPIONs exert a strong influence on spin-spin T2 relaxation times by decreasing the MR signal in the regions to which they are delivered, consequently yielding darker images or negative contrast. Given the potential of these nanoparticles to enhance detection of alterations in soft tissues, we studied the MRI response of hydrophobic or hydrophilic SPIONs loaded into liposomes (magnetoliposomes) of different lipid composition obtained by sonication. These hybrid nanostructures were characterized by measuring several parameters such as size and polydispersity, and number of SPIONs encapsulated or embedded into the lipid systems. We then studied the influence of acyl chain length as well as its unsaturation, charge, and presence of cholesterol in the lipid bilayer at high field strength (7 T) to mimic the conditions used in preclinical assays. Our results showed a high variability depending on the nature of the magnetic particles. Focusing on the hydrophobic SPIONs, the cholesterol-containing samples showed a slight reduction in r2, while unsaturation of the lipid acyl chain and inclusion of a negatively charged lipid into the bilayer appeared to yield a marked increase in negative contrast, thus rendering these magnetoliposomes suitable candidates as CAs, especially as a liver CA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Martínez-González
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, IN²UB, Faculty of Pharmacy, Avda Joan XXIII, 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Joan Estelrich
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, IN²UB, Faculty of Pharmacy, Avda Joan XXIII, 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Maria Antònia Busquets
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, IN²UB, Faculty of Pharmacy, Avda Joan XXIII, 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
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Huang J, Li Y, Orza A, Lu Q, Guo P, Wang L, Yang L, Mao H. Magnetic Nanoparticle Facilitated Drug Delivery for Cancer Therapy with Targeted and Image-Guided Approaches. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2016; 26:3818-3836. [PMID: 27790080 PMCID: PMC5077153 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201504185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
With rapid advances in nanomedicine, magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have emerged as a promising theranostic tool in biomedical applications, including diagnostic imaging, drug delivery and novel therapeutics. Significant preclinical and clinical research has explored their functionalization, targeted delivery, controllable drug release and image-guided capabilities. To further develop MNPs for theranostic applications and clinical translation in the future, we attempt to provide an overview of the recent advances in the development and application of MNPs for drug delivery, specifically focusing on the topics concerning the importance of biomarker targeting for personalized therapy and the unique magnetic and contrast-enhancing properties of theranostic MNPs that enable image-guided delivery. The common strategies and considerations to produce theranostic MNPs and incorporate payload drugs into MNP carriers are described. The notable examples are presented to demonstrate the advantages of MNPs in specific targeting and delivering under image guidance. Furthermore, current understanding of delivery mechanisms and challenges to achieve efficient therapeutic efficacy or diagnostic capability using MNP-based nanomedicine are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Huang
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Yuancheng Li
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Anamaria Orza
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Qiong Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Peng Guo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of New York, New York, NY 10031, USA. Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Liya Wang
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Lily Yang
- Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Hui Mao
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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13
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Cidon EU, Alonso P, Masters B. Markers of Response to Antiangiogenic Therapies in Colorectal Cancer: Where Are We Now and What Should Be Next? CLINICAL MEDICINE INSIGHTS-ONCOLOGY 2016; 10:41-55. [PMID: 27147901 PMCID: PMC4849423 DOI: 10.4137/cmo.s34542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Revised: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Despite advances in the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC), it remains the second most common cause of cancer-related death in the Western world. Angiogenesis is a complex process that involves the formation of new blood vessels from preexisting vessels. It is essential for promoting cancer survival, growth, and dissemination. The inhibition of angiogenesis has been shown to prevent tumor progression experimentally, and several chemotherapeutic targets of tumor angiogenesis have been identified. These include anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) treatments, such as bevacizumab (a VEGF-specific binding antibody) and anti-VEGF receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors, although antiangiogenic therapy has been shown to be effective in the treatment of several cancers, including CRC. However, it is also associated with its own side effects and financial costs. Therefore, the identification of biomarkers that are able to identify patients who are more likely to benefit from antiangiogenic treatment is very important. This article intends to be a concise summary of the potential biomarkers that can predict or prognosticate the benefit of antiangiogenic treatments in CRC, and also what we can expect in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Una Cidon
- Department of Medical Oncology, Royal Bournemouth Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Bournemouth, UK
| | - P Alonso
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Clinical University Hospital, Valladolid, Spain
| | - B Masters
- Department of Oncology, Nottingham City Hospital, Nottingham, UK
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14
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Drašler B, Drobne D, Poklar Ulrih N, Ota A. Biological potential of nanomaterials strongly depends on the suspension media: experimental data on the effects of fullerene C₆₀ on membranes. PROTOPLASMA 2016; 253:175-184. [PMID: 25833389 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-015-0803-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 03/14/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Fullerenes (C60) are some of the most promising carbon nanomaterials to be used for medical applications as drug delivery agents. Computational and experimental studies have proposed their ability to enter cells by penetrating lipid bilayers. The aim of our study was to provide experimental evidence on whether pristine C60 in physiological media could penetrate cell membranes. The effect was tested on phospholipid vesicles (liposomes) composed of 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, and validated on isolated human red blood cells (RBCs). We incubated the liposomes in an aqueous suspension of C60 and dissolved the lipids and C60 together in chloroform and subsequently formatted the liposomes. By differential scanning calorimetry measurements, we assessed the effect of C60 on the phospholipid thermal profile. The latter was not affected after the incubation of liposomes in the C60 suspension; also, a shape transformation of RBCs did not occur. Differently, by dispersing both C60 and the phospholipids in chloroform, we confirmed the possible interaction of C60 with the bilayer. We provide experimental data suggesting that the suspension medium is an important factor in determining the C60-membrane interaction, which is not always included in computational studies. Since the primary particle size is not the only crucial parameter in C60-membrane interactions, it is important to determine the most relevant characteristics of their effects on membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Drašler
- Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 111, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Damjana Drobne
- Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 111, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Nataša Poklar Ulrih
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ajda Ota
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Kandasamy G, Maity D. Recent advances in superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) for in vitro and in vivo cancer nanotheranostics. Int J Pharm 2015; 496:191-218. [PMID: 26520409 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.10.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Revised: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Recently superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) have been extensively used in cancer therapy and diagnosis (theranostics) via magnetic targeting, magnetic resonance imaging, etc. due to their remarkable magnetic properties, chemical stability, and biocompatibility. However, the magnetic properties of SPIONs are influenced by various physicochemical and synthesis parameters. So, this review mainly focuses on the influence of spin canting effects, introduced by the variations in size, shape, and organic/inorganic surface coatings, on the magnetic properties of SPIONs. This review also describes the several predominant chemical synthesis procedures and role of the synthesis parameters for monitoring the size, shape, crystallinity and composition of the SPIONs. Moreover, this review discusses about the latest developments of the inorganic materials and organic polymers for encapsulation of the SPIONs. Finally, the most recent advancements of the SPIONs and their nanopackages in combination with other imaging/therapeutic agents have been comprehensively discussed for their effective usage as in vitro and in vivo theranostic agents in cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganeshlenin Kandasamy
- Nanomaterials Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Shiv Nadar University, Uttar Pradesh 201314, India
| | - Dipak Maity
- Nanomaterials Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Shiv Nadar University, Uttar Pradesh 201314, India.
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16
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Santhosh PB, Drašler B, Drobne D, Kreft ME, Kralj S, Makovec D, Ulrih NP. Effect of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles on fluidity and phase transition of phosphatidylcholine liposomal membranes. Int J Nanomedicine 2015; 10:6089-103. [PMID: 26491286 PMCID: PMC4598216 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s89679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) with multifunctional properties have shown great promise in theranostics. The aim of our work was to compare the effects of SPIONs on the fluidity and phase transition of the liposomal membranes prepared with zwitterionic phosphatidylcholine lipids. In order to study if the surface modification of SPIONs has any influence on these membrane properties, we have used four types of differently functionalized SPIONs, such as: plain SPIONs (primary size was shown to bê11 nm), silica-coated SPIONs, SPIONs coated with silica and functionalized with positively charged amino groups or negatively charged carboxyl groups (the primary size of all the surface-modified SPIONs was ~20 nm). Small unilamellar vesicles prepared with 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine lipids and multilamellar vesicles prepared with 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine lipids were encapsulated or incubated with the plain and surface-modified SPIONs to determine the fluidity and phase transition temperature of the bilayer lipids, respectively. Fluorescent anisotropy and differential scanning calorimetric measurements of the liposomes that were either encapsulated or incubated with the suspension of SPIONs did not show a significant difference in the lipid ordering and fluidity; though the encapsulated SPIONs showed a slightly increased effect on the fluidity of the model membranes in comparison with the incubated SPIONs. This indicates the low potential of the SPIONs to interact with the nontargeted cell membranes, which is a desirable factor for in vivo applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poornima Budime Santhosh
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Barbara Drašler
- Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Damjana Drobne
- Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Mateja Erdani Kreft
- Institute of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Slavko Kralj
- Department for Materials Synthesis, Jožef Stefan Institute, Slovenia
| | - Darko Makovec
- Department for Materials Synthesis, Jožef Stefan Institute, Slovenia
| | - Nataša Poklar Ulrih
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia ; Centre of Excellence for Integrated Approaches in Chemistry and Biology of Proteins, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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17
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Estelrich J, Sánchez-Martín MJ, Busquets MA. Nanoparticles in magnetic resonance imaging: from simple to dual contrast agents. Int J Nanomedicine 2015; 10:1727-41. [PMID: 25834422 PMCID: PMC4358688 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s76501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become one of the most widely used and powerful tools for noninvasive clinical diagnosis owing to its high degree of soft tissue contrast, spatial resolution, and depth of penetration. MRI signal intensity is related to the relaxation times (T1, spin–lattice relaxation and T2, spin–spin relaxation) of in vivo water protons. To increase contrast, various inorganic nanoparticles and complexes (the so-called contrast agents) are administered prior to the scanning. Shortening T1 and T2 increases the corresponding relaxation rates, 1/T1 and 1/T2, producing hyperintense and hypointense signals respectively in shorter times. Moreover, the signal-to-noise ratio can be improved with the acquisition of a large number of measurements. The contrast agents used are generally based on either iron oxide nanoparticles or ferrites, providing negative contrast in T2-weighted images; or complexes of lanthanide metals (mostly containing gadolinium ions), providing positive contrast in T1-weighted images. Recently, lanthanide complexes have been immobilized in nanostructured materials in order to develop a new class of contrast agents with functions including blood-pool and organ (or tumor) targeting. Meanwhile, to overcome the limitations of individual imaging modalities, multimodal imaging techniques have been developed. An important challenge is to design all-in-one contrast agents that can be detected by multimodal techniques. Magnetoliposomes are efficient multimodal contrast agents. They can simultaneously bear both kinds of contrast and can, furthermore, incorporate targeting ligands and chains of polyethylene glycol to enhance the accumulation of nanoparticles at the site of interest and the bioavailability, respectively. Here, we review the most important characteristics of the nanoparticles or complexes used as MRI contrast agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Estelrich
- Departament de Fisicoquímica, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain ; Institut de Nanociència I Nanotecnologia (IN UB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - María Jesús Sánchez-Martín
- Departament de Fisicoquímica, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Maria Antònia Busquets
- Departament de Fisicoquímica, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain ; Institut de Nanociència I Nanotecnologia (IN UB), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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18
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Cao Z, Zhu W, Wang W, Zhang C, Xu M, Liu J, Feng ST, Jiang Q, Xie X. Stable cerasomes for simultaneous drug delivery and magnetic resonance imaging. Int J Nanomedicine 2014; 9:5103-16. [PMID: 25395848 PMCID: PMC4227624 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s66919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnetic liposomes have been frequently used as nanocarriers for targeted drug delivery and magnetic resonance imaging in recent years. Despite great potentials, their morphological/structural instability in the physiological environment still remains an intractable challenge for clinical applications. In this study, stable hybrid liposomal cerasomes (ie, liposomes partially coated with silica) which can co-encapsulate Fe3O4 nanoparticles and the anticancer drug paclitaxel were developed using thin film hydration method. Compared with the drug loaded liposomes, the paclitaxel-loaded magnetic cerasomes (PLMCs) exhibited much higher storage stability and better sustained release behavior. Cellular uptake study showed that the utilization of an external magnetic field significantly facilitated the internalization of PLMCs into cancer cells, resulting in potentiated drug efficacy of killing tumor cells. The T2 relaxivity (r2) of our PLMCs was much higher than that of free Fe3O4 nanoparticles, suggesting increased sensitivity in T2-weighted imaging. Given its excellent biocompatibility also shown in the study, such dual functional PLMC is potentially a promising nanosystem for effective cancer diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Cao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjian Zhu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Ultrasound, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyang Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Xu
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Ultrasound, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Ting Feng
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Jiang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Xie
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Ultrasound, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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19
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Sun Y, Zheng Y, Li P, Wang D, Niu C, Gong Y, Huang R, Wang Z, Wang Z, Ran H. Evaluation of superparamagnetic iron oxide-polymer composite microcapsules for magnetic resonance-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound cancer surgery. BMC Cancer 2014; 14:800. [PMID: 25367065 PMCID: PMC4228079 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Superparamagnetic poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)-coated Fe3O4 microcapsules are receiving increased attention as potential diagnostic and therapeutic modalities in the field of oncology. In this study, PLGA-coated Fe3O4 microcapsules were combined with a magnetic resonance imaging-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound (MR-guided HIFU) platform, with the objective of investigating the effects of these composite microcapsules regarding MR-guided HIFU liver cancer surgery in vivo. Methods PLGA-coated Fe3O4 microcapsules consisting of a liquid core and a PLGA-Fe3O4 shell were fabricated using a modified double emulsion evaporation method. Their acute biosafety was confirmed in vitro using MDA cells and in vivo using rabbits. To perform MR-guided HIFU surgery, the microcapsules were intravenously injected into a rabbit liver tumor model before MR-guided HIFU. T2-weighted images and MR signal intensity in normal liver parenchyma and tumor tissue were acquired before and after injection, to assess the MR imaging ability of the microcapsules. After MR-guided HIFU ablation tissue temperature mapping, the coagulative volume and histopathology of the tumor tissue were analyzed to investigate the ablation effects of MR-guided HIFUs. Results Scanning and transmission electron microscopy showed that the microcapsules displayed a spherical morphology and a shell-core structure (mean diameter, 587 nm). The hysteresis curve displayed the typical superparamagnetic properties of the microcapsules, which are critical to their application in MR-guided HIFU surgery. In MR-guided HIFU surgery, these microcapsules functioned as an MRI contrast agent, induced significant hyperthermal enhancement (P < 0.05) and significantly enhanced the volume of coagulative necrosis (P < 0.05). Conclusions The administration of PLGA-coated Fe3O4 microcapsules is a potentially synergistic technique regarding the enhancement of MR-guided HIFU cancer surgery. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1471-2407-14-800) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yuanyi Zheng
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Ultrasound Imaging, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P, R, China.
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Gharib A, Faezizadeh Z, Mesbah-Namin SAR, Saravani R. Preparation, characterization and in vitro efficacy of magnetic nanoliposomes containing the artemisinin and transferrin. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 22:44. [PMID: 24887240 PMCID: PMC4053270 DOI: 10.1186/2008-2231-22-44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Artemisinin is the major sesquiterpene lactones in sweet wormwood (Artemisia annua L.), and its combination with transferrin exhibits versatile anti-cancer activities. Their non-selective targeting for cancer cells, however, limits their application. The aim of this study was to prepare the artemisinin and transferrin-loaded magnetic nanoliposomes in thermosensitive and non-thermosensitive forms and evaluate their antiproliferative activity against MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells for better tumor-targeted therapy. METHODS Artemisinin and transferrin-loaded magnetic nanoliposomes was prepared by extrusion method using various concentrations of lipids. These formulations were characterized for particle size, zeta potential, polydispersity index and shape morphology. The artemisinin and transferrin-loading efficiencies were determined using HPLC. The content of magnetic iron oxide in the nanoliposomes was analysed by spectrophotometry. The in vitro release of artemisinin, transferrin and magnetic iron oxide from vesicles was assessed by keeping of the nanoliposomes at 37°C for 12 h. The in vitro cytotoxicity of prepared nanoliposomes was investigated against MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells using MTT assay. RESULTS The entrapment efficiencies of artemisinin, transferrin and magnetic iron oxide in the non-thermosensitive nanoliposomes were 89.11% ± 0.23, 85.09% ± 0.31 and 78.10% ± 0.24, respectively. Moreover, the thermosensitive formulation showed a suitable condition for thermal drug release at 42°C and exhibited high antiproliferative activity against MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells in the presence of a magnetic field. CONCLUSIONS Our results showed that the thermosensitive artemisinin and transferrin-loaded magnetic nanoliposomes would be an effective choice for tumor-targeted therapy, due to its suitable stability and high effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Gharib
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Borujerd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Borujerd, Iran.
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21
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Ding H, Sagar V, Agudelo M, Pilakka-Kanthikeel S, Atluri VSR, Raymond A, Thangavel S, Nair MP. Enhanced blood-brain barrier transmigration using a novel transferrin embedded fluorescent magneto-liposome nanoformulation. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 25:055101. [PMID: 24406534 PMCID: PMC4520325 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/25/5/055101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is considered as the primary impediment barrier for most drugs. Delivering therapeutic agents to the brain is still a big challenge to date. In our study, a dual mechanism, receptor mediation combined with external non-invasive magnetic force, was incorporated into ferrous magnet-based liposomes for BBB transmigration enhancement. The homogenous magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), with a size of ∼10 nm, were synthesized and confirmed by TEM and XRD respectively. The classical magnetism assay showed the presence of the characteristic superparamagnetic property. These MNPs encapsulated in PEGylated fluorescent liposomes as magneto-liposomes (MLs) showed mono-dispersion, ∼130 ± 10 nm diameter, by dynamic laser scattering (DLS) using the lipid-extrusion technique. Remarkably, a magnetite encapsulation efficiency of nearly 60% was achieved. Moreover, the luminescence and hydrodynamic size of the MLs was stable for over two months at 4 ° C. Additionally, the integrity of the ML structure remained unaffected through 120 rounds of circulation mimicking human blood fluid. After biocompatibility confirmation by cytotoxicity evaluation, these fluorescent MLs were further embedded with transferrin and applied to an in vitro BBB transmigration study in the presence or absence of external magnetic force. Comparing with magnetic force- or transferrin receptor-mediated transportation alone, their synergy resulted in 50-100% increased transmigration without affecting the BBB integrity. Consequently, confocal microscopy and iron concentration in BBB-composed cells further confirmed the higher cellular uptake of ML particles due to the synergic effect. Thus, our multifunctional liposomal magnetic nanocarriers possess great potential in particle transmigration across the BBB and may have a bright future in drug delivery to the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Ding
- Center for Personalized Nanomedicine, Department of Immunology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
- Institute of NeuroImmune Pharmacology, Department of Immunology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - Vidya Sagar
- Center for Personalized Nanomedicine, Department of Immunology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
- Institute of NeuroImmune Pharmacology, Department of Immunology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - Marisela Agudelo
- Institute of NeuroImmune Pharmacology, Department of Immunology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - Sudheesh Pilakka-Kanthikeel
- Center for Personalized Nanomedicine, Department of Immunology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
- Institute of NeuroImmune Pharmacology, Department of Immunology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - Venkata Subba Rao Atluri
- Institute of NeuroImmune Pharmacology, Department of Immunology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - Andrea Raymond
- Institute of NeuroImmune Pharmacology, Department of Immunology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - Samikkannu Thangavel
- Institute of NeuroImmune Pharmacology, Department of Immunology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - Madhavan P. Nair
- Center for Personalized Nanomedicine, Department of Immunology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
- Institute of NeuroImmune Pharmacology, Department of Immunology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
- Corresponding Authors: Madhavan P. Nair. Tel: 305-348-1493, Fax: 305-348-1109.
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Monnier CA, Burnand D, Rothen-Rutishauser B, Lattuada M, Petri-Fink A. Magnetoliposomes: opportunities and challenges. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NANOMEDICINE 2014. [DOI: 10.1515/ejnm-2014-0042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractCombining liposomes with magnetic nanoparticles is an intriguing approach to create multifunctional vesicles for medical applications, which range from controlled drug delivery vehicles to diagnostic imaging enhancers. Over the past decade, significant effort has been invested in developing such hybrids – widely known as magnetoliposomes – and has led to numerous new concepts. This review provides an overview on of the current state of the art in this field. The concept of magnetic fluid hyperthermia and stimuli-responsive nanoparticles for drug delivery is briefly recapitulated. The materials needed for these hybrids are addressed as well. The three typically followed approaches to associate magnetic nanoparticles to the liposomes are described and discussed more in detail. The final chapters are dedicated to the analytical methods used to characterize these hybrids and to theoretical considerations relevant for bilayer-embedded nanoparticles.
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Ehling J, Lammers T, Kiessling F. Non-invasive imaging for studying anti-angiogenic therapy effects. Thromb Haemost 2013; 109:375-90. [PMID: 23407722 DOI: 10.1160/th12-10-0721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2012] [Accepted: 12/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Noninvasive imaging plays an emerging role in preclinical and clinical cancer research and has high potential to improve clinical translation of new drugs. This article summarises and discusses tools and methods to image tumour angiogenesis and monitor anti-angiogenic therapy effects. In this context, micro-computed tomography (µCT) is recommended to visualise and quantify the micro-architecture of functional tumour vessels. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are favourable tools to assess functional vascular parameters, such as perfusion and relative blood volume. These functional parameters have been shown to indicate anti-angiogenic therapy response at an early stage, before changes in tumour size appear. For tumour characterisation, the imaging of the molecular characteristics of tumour blood vessels, such as receptor expression, might have an even higher diagnostic potential and has been shown to be highly suitable for therapy monitoring as well. In this context, US using targeted microbubbles is currently evaluated in clinical trials as an important tool for the molecular characterisation of the angiogenic endothelium. Other modalities, being preferably used for molecular imaging of vessels and their surrounding stroma, are photoacoustic imaging (PAI), near-infrared fluorescence optical imaging (OI), MRI, positron emission tomography (PET) and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). The latter two are particularly useful if very high sensitivity is needed, and/or if the molecular target is difficult to access. Carefully considering the pros and cons of different imaging modalities in a multimodal imaging setup enables a comprehensive longitudinal assessment of the (micro)morphology, function and molecular regulation of tumour vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josef Ehling
- Department of Experimental Molecular Imaging, Medical Faculty and Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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24
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Yan C, Wu Y, Feng J, Chen W, Liu X, Hao P, Yang R, Zhang J, Lin B, Xu Y, Liu R. Anti-αvβ3 antibody guided three-step pretargeting approach using magnetoliposomes for molecular magnetic resonance imaging of breast cancer angiogenesis. Int J Nanomedicine 2013; 8:245-55. [PMID: 23345972 PMCID: PMC3548418 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s38678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Pretargeting of biomarkers with nanoparticles in molecular imaging is promising to improve diagnostic specificity and realize signal amplification, but data regarding its targeting potential in magnetic resonance (MR) imaging are limited. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the tumor angiogenesis targeting efficacy of the anti-αvβ3 antibody guided three-step pretargeting approach with magnetoliposomes. METHODS Polyethylene glycol-modified and superparamagnetic iron oxide-encapsulated magnetoliposomes with and without biotin were synthesized and characterized. The cytotoxicity of both probes was evaluated using the methyl thiazdyl tetrazolium assay, and their cellular uptake by mouse macrophage was visualized using Prussian blue staining. Three-step pretargeting MR imaging was performed on MDA-MB-435S breast cancer-bearing mice by intravenous administration of biotinylated anti-αvβ3 monoclonal antibodies (first step), followed by avidin and streptavidin (second step), and by biotinylated magnetoliposomes or magnetoliposomes in the targeted or nontargeted group, respectively (third step). The specificity of αvβ3 targeting was assessed by histologic examinations. RESULTS The developed magnetoliposomes were superparamagnetic and biocompatible as confirmed by cell toxicity assay. The liposomal bilayer and polyethylene glycol modification protected Fe(3)O(4) cores from uptake by macrophage cells. MR imaging by three-step pretargeting resulted in a greater signal enhancement along the tumor periphery, occupying 7.0% of the tumor area, compared with 2.0% enhancement of the nontargeted group (P < 0.05). Histologic analysis demonstrated the targeted magnetoliposomes colocalized with neovasculature, which was responsible for the MR signal decrease. CONCLUSION These results indicate that our strategy for MR imaging of αvβ3-integrin is an effective means for sensitive detection of tumor angiogenesis, and may provide a targetable nanodelivery system for anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenggong Yan
- Department of Medical Imaging Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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25
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Almer G, Frascione D, Pali-Schöll I, Vonach C, Lukschal A, Stremnitzer C, Diesner SC, Jensen-Jarolim E, Prassl R, Mangge H. Interleukin-10: an anti-inflammatory marker to target atherosclerotic lesions via PEGylated liposomes. Mol Pharm 2012; 10:175-86. [PMID: 23176185 PMCID: PMC3558023 DOI: 10.1021/mp300316n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) causes cardiovascular disease, which leads to fatal clinical end points like myocardial infarction or stroke, the most prevalent causes of death in developed countries. An early, noninvasive method of detection and diagnosis of atherosclerotic lesions is necessary to prevent and treat these clinical end points. Working toward this goal, we examined recombinant interleukin-10 (IL-10), stealth liposomes with nanocargo potency for NMRI relevant contrast agents, and IL-10 coupled to stealth liposomes in an ApoE-deficient mouse model using confocal laser-scanning microscopy (CLSM). Through ex vivo incubation and imaging with CLSM, we showed that fluorescently labeled IL-10 is internalized by AS plaques, and a low signal is detected in both the less injured aortic surfaces and the arteries of wild-type mice. In vivo experiments included intravenous injections of (i) fluorescent IL-10, (ii) IL-10 targeted carboxyfluorescin (CF-) labeled stealth liposomes, and (iii) untargeted CF-labeled stealth liposomes. Twenty-four hours after injection the arteries were dissected and imaged ex vivo. Compared to free IL-10, we observed a markedly stronger fluorescence intensity with IL-10 targeted liposomes at AS plaque regions. Moreover, untargeted CF-labeled liposomes showed only weak, unspecific binding. Neither free IL-10 nor IL-10 targeted liposomes showed significant immune reaction when injected into wild-type mice. Thus, the combined use of specific anti-inflammatory proteins, high payloads of contrast agents, and liposome particles should enable current imaging techniques to better recognize and visualize AS plaques for research and prospective therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunter Almer
- Institute of Biophysics and Nanosystems Research, Austrian Academy of Science, Graz, Austria
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Deng L, Ke X, He Z, Yang D, Gong H, Zhang Y, Jing X, Yao J, Chen J. A MSLN-targeted multifunctional nanoimmunoliposome for MRI and targeting therapy in pancreatic cancer. Int J Nanomedicine 2012; 7:5053-65. [PMID: 23028227 PMCID: PMC3449755 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s34801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is a highly lethal disease with a 5-year survival rate less than 5% due to the lack of an early diagnosis method and effective therapy. To provide a novel early diagnostic method and targeted therapy for pancreatic cancer, a multifunctional nanoimmunoliposome with high loading of ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxides (USPIOs) and doxorubicin (DOX) was prepared by transient binding and reverse-phase evaporation method, and was conjugated with anti-mesothelin monoclonal antibody by post-insertion method to target anti-mesothelin-overexpressed pancreatic cancer cells. The in vitro and in vivo properties of this anti-mesothelin antibody-conjugated PEGlyated liposomal DOX and USPIOs (M-PLDU; and PEGlyated nanoimmunoliposome without antibody conjugation [PLDU]) were evaluated both in human pancreatic cancer cell line Panc-1 cell and in a pancreatic cancer xenograft animal model. Results showed that M-PLDUs were spherical and uniform with a diameter about ∼180 nm, with a zeta potential of about −28∼−30 mV, and had good efficacy encapsulating DOX and USPIOs. The in vitro study demonstrated that M-PLDUs possessed good magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) capability with a transverse relaxivity (r2) of about 58.5 mM–1 · s–1. Confocal microscopy showed more efficient uptake of M-PLDU in Panc-1 cells by antibody-mediated targeting. Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay results showed significant inhibitory effect of M-PLDU against Panc-1 cells (half-maximal inhibitory concentration, 1.95 μM). The in vivo imaging study showed that the tumor signal intensity (SI) dropped significantly about 4 hours after intravenous injection of M-PLDU. The decrease in tumor SI induced by M-PLDUs (ΔSI = 145.98 ± 20.45) or PLDUs (ΔSI = 75.69 ± 14.53) was much more significant than that by free USPIOs (ΔSI = 42.78 ± 22.12; P < 0.01). The in vivo antitumor study demonstrated that compared with FD (free DOX) and PLDU, M-PLDU possessed higher inhibitory effect on tumor growth and the tissue distribution assay further proved that M-PLDUs could selectively accumulate in the tumor xenograft. These results indicated that M-PLDU not only well retained the inherent MRI capability of USPIOs, but significantly improved the targeting distribution of USPIOs and therapeutic agents in pancreatic tumor tissues. They may serve as a promising theranostic nanomedicine not only for early detection but also for MRI-monitored targeting therapy of human pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Deng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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