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Brar B, Marwaha S, Poonia AK, Koul B, Kajla S, Rajput VD. Nanotechnology: a contemporary therapeutic approach in combating infections from multidrug-resistant bacteria. Arch Microbiol 2023; 205:62. [PMID: 36629918 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03404-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
In the 20th century, the discovery of antibiotics played an essential role in the fight against infectious diseases, including meningitis, typhoid fever, pneumonia and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The development of multidrug resistance in microflora due to improper antibiotic use created significant public health issues. Antibiotic resistance has increased at an alarming rate in the past few decades. Multidrug-resistant bacteria (superbugs) such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) as well as drug-resistant tuberculosis pose serious health implications. Despite the continuous increase in resistant microbes, the discovery of novel antibiotics is constrained by the cost and complexities of discovery of drugs. The nanotechnology has given new hope in combating this problem. In the present review, recent developments in therapeutics utilizing nanotechnology for novel antimicrobial drug development are discussed. The nanoparticles of silver, gold and zinc oxide have proved to be efficient antimicrobial agents against multidrug-resistant Klebsiella, Pseudomonas, Escherichia Coli and MRSA. Using nanostructures as carriers for antimicrobial agents provides better bioavailability, less chances of sub-therapeutic drug accumulation and less drug-related toxicity. Nanophotothermal therapy using fullerene and antibody functionalized nanostructures are other strategies that can prove to be helpful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basanti Brar
- HABITAT, Genome Improvement Primary Producer Company Ltd. Centre of Biofertilizer Production and Technology, HAU, Hisar, 125004, India
| | - Sumnil Marwaha
- ICAR-National Research Centre On Camel, Bikaner, 334001, Rajasthan, India
| | - Anil Kumar Poonia
- Department of Botany, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India. .,Department of Molecular Biology &Biotechnology, CCSHAU, Hisar, 125004, Haryana, India.
| | - Bhupendra Koul
- Department of Botany, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India.
| | - Subhash Kajla
- Department of Molecular Biology &Biotechnology, CCSHAU, Hisar, 125004, Haryana, India.
| | - Vishnu D Rajput
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Rostov-On-Don, 344090, Russia.
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2
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Mudjahid M, Nainu F, Utami RN, Sam A, Marzaman ANF, Roska TP, Asri RM, Himawan A, Donnelly RF, Permana AD. Enhancement in Site-Specific Delivery of Chloramphenicol Using Bacterially Sensitive Microparticle Loaded Into Dissolving Microneedle: Potential For Enhanced Effectiveness Treatment of Cellulitis. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:56560-56577. [PMID: 36516276 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c16857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
One of the biggest challenges in infectious disease treatment is the existence of bacterial infections in underskin wound tissue, such as cellulitis. Compared to other treatments, it is harder for antibacterial drugs to penetrate the physical barrier on the affected skin with a nonspecific target, making conventional therapy for cellulitis infection more difficult and considered. In this novel research, we pioneer a combined strategy of dissolving microneedles (MNs) and bacteria-sensitive microparticles (MPs) for enhanced penetration and targeted delivery of chloramphenicol (CHL) to the infection site specifically. The polycaprolactone polymer was used to make MPs because of its sensitivity to bacterial enzyme stimuli. The best microparticle formulation was discovered and optimized using the Design-Expert application. Furthermore, this study evaluated the antibacterial activity of MPs in vitro and in vivo on the mutant Drosophila larval infection model. This strategy shows improvement in the antibacterial activity of MPs and higher retention duration compared to conventional cream formulation, and the inclusion of these MPs into dissolving MNs was able to greatly improve the dermatokinetic characteristics of CHL in ex vivo evaluation. Importantly, the antimicrobial efficacy in an ex vivo infection model demonstrated that, following the use of this strategy, bacterial bioburdens decreased by up to 99.99% after 24 h. The findings offered a proof of concept for the enhancement of CHL dermatokinetic profiles and antimicrobial activities after its preparation into bacteria-sensitive MPs and distribution by MNs. Future research should investigate in vivo effectiveness in an appropriate animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukarram Mudjahid
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar90245, Indonesia
| | - Firzan Nainu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar90245, Indonesia
| | - Rifka Nurul Utami
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar90245, Indonesia
| | - Anwar Sam
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar90245, Indonesia
| | | | - Tri Puspita Roska
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar90245, Indonesia
| | - Rangga Meidianto Asri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar90245, Indonesia
| | - Achmad Himawan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar90245, Indonesia
| | - Ryan F Donnelly
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, BelfastBT9 7BL, United Kingdom
| | - Andi Dian Permana
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar90245, Indonesia
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Vasconcelos MO, Silva LAD, Sousa-Junior AA, dos Santos TRM, da Silva CA, Valadares MC, Lima EM. Lidocaine- and chloramphenicol-loaded nanoparticles embedded in a chitosan/hyaluronic acid/glycerol matrix: Drug-eluting biomembranes with potential for guided tissue regeneration. FRONTIERS IN NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fnano.2022.1049599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Guided tissue regeneration (GTR) is a dentistry technique based on the use of polymeric biomembranes as physical barriers for selective cell exclusion, directing the growth of gingival tissue, bone tissue, and periodontal ligaments in a region previously affected by periodontitis. Postoperative pain and microbial infection constitute, however, two major challenges to be tackled right after implantation. To address these challenges, we prepared and characterized eight chitosan/hyaluronic acid/glycerol (CS/HA/GL) bioresorbable membranes embedded with lidocaine- and chloramphenicol-loaded polycaprolactone nanoparticles (LDNP and CHNP, respectively), combining the local anesthetic effects of lidocaine with the antibacterial effects of chloramphenicol. The formulations were prepared with varying amounts of CS, HA, GL, LDNP, and CHNP. As a plasticizing agent, GL could modulate the samples mechanical properties such as thickness, morphology, tensile strength, elongation at break, as well as swelling and degradation in simulated saliva. Two samples exhibited greater resistance to biodegradation and were selected for further studies. Their drug release profiles indicated that LDNP and CHNP first detach from the membrane matrix, and a zeroth order drug release kinetics from the detached NPs dominates the overall process thereafter, with lidocaine being released 3 times faster than chloramphenicol, in a controlled and sustained rate over time. Drug encapsulation efficiency was such that optimal samples exhibited bactericidal activity (inhibition halos) against gram-positive S. aureus and gram-negative A. actinomycetemcomitans strains similar to that observed for free chloramphenicol. Finally, one of these samples showed no intrinsic toxicity against healthy mammalian model cells (99% viability for the unloaded membrane; 80% viability for the fully LDNP- and CHNP-loaded membrane), and may now be further optimized as a drug-eluting biomembrane with potential for GTR.
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Sarkar S, Thapa R, Naushin F, Gupta S, Bhar B, De R, Bhattacharya J. Antibiotic-Loaded Smart Platelet: A Highly Effective Invisible Mode of Killing Both Antibiotic-Sensitive and -Resistant Bacteria. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:24102-24110. [PMID: 35874209 PMCID: PMC9301723 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c07249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Microbial pathogenesis is considered one of the most critical health challenges worldwide. Although several antibiotics have been procured and used, the microbes often manage to escape and become resistant to antibiotics. Thus, the discovery of new antibiotics and designing smart approaches toward their delivery are of great importance. In many cases, the delivery agents using foreign chemicals like lipids or polymers induce immunogenic responses of varying degrees and are limited to a shorter circulatory time and burst release. In the current work, we have designed a novel antibiotic delivery system where the antibiotic is encapsulated into a blood component-platelet. Platelets have been previously reported as efficient drug delivery vehicles for targeting cancer cells. On the other hand, during platelet-bacterial interaction, platelets can act as covercytes. Keeping this in mind, smart antibiotic-loaded platelets have been used for killing bacterial cells. The loading of the antibiotic was done using its typical nature of engulfing surrounding small molecules. The water-soluble antibiotics were loaded directly into the platelet, whereas the hydrophobic antibiotics were preloaded in polycaprolactone (FDA-approved polymer)-based nanovesicles to make them solubilized prior to loading inside the platelets. The antibiotic-loaded platelets (containing hydrophilic antibiotics or hydrophobic antibiotic -encapsulated polymer nanoparticles) were found to be stable when studied through platelet aggregometry. The carrier showed bactericidal effects at a significantly lower concentration at which the free antibiotic has negligible efficacy. This could be attributed to the molecular confinement of the antibiotics inside the platelets, therefore causing localization of the drug and leading to efficient activity against bacteria. Interestingly, the smart antibiotic-loaded platelets were capable of killing the resistant strains too at the same lower concentration regime. Therefore, the antibiotic-loaded platelet could emerge as a potential strategy for efficient delivery of antibiotics with a significant reduction of the dose required to achieve the intended antibacterial efficacy. Moreover, this antibiotic delivery method can be very useful to minimize immunogenic responses due to antibiotic administration and to avoid the development of drug resistance due to the invisible mode of delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sounik Sarkar
- School
of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Roshni Thapa
- School
of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
- Special
Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal
Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Farzana Naushin
- School
of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Saurabh Gupta
- School
of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Biswajit Bhar
- Institute
of Hematology & Transfusion Medicine, Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata 700073, India
| | - Rajib De
- Haematology
Department, NRS Medical College, Kolkata 700014, India
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Reactive Magnetron Plasma Modification of Electrospun PLLA Scaffolds with Incorporated Chloramphenicol for Controlled Drug Release. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14030373. [PMID: 35160362 PMCID: PMC8839200 DOI: 10.3390/polym14030373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Surface modification with the plasma of the direct current reactive magnetron sputtering has demonstrated its efficacy as a tool for enhancing the biocompatibility of polymeric electrospun scaffolds. Improvement of the surface wettability of materials with water, as well as the formation of active chemical bonds in the near-surface layers, are the main reasons for the described effect. These surface effects are also known to increase the release rate of drugs incorporated in fibers. Herein, we investigated the effect of plasma modification on the chloramphenicol release from electrospun poly (lactic acid) fibrous scaffolds. Scaffolds with high-50 wt./wt.%-drug content were obtained. It was shown that plasma modification leads to an increase in the drug release rate and drug diffusion coefficient, while not deteriorating surface morphology and mechanical properties of scaffolds. The materials' antibacterial activity was observed to increase in the first day of the experiment, while remaining on the same level as the unmodified group during the next six days. The proposed technique for modifying the surface of scaffolds will be useful for obtaining drug delivery systems with controlled accelerated release, which can expand the possibilities of local applications of antibiotics and other drugs.
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Haseena, Khan A, Ghaffar I, Baty RS, Abdel-Daim MM, Habib SM, Kanwal T, Shah MR. Synthesis of Ribose-Coated Copper-Based Metal-Organic Framework for Enhanced Antibacterial Potential of Chloramphenicol against Multi-Drug Resistant Bacteria. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:1469. [PMID: 34943681 PMCID: PMC8698127 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10121469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The rise in bacterial resistance to currently used antibiotics is the main focus of medical researchers. Bacterial multidrug resistance (MDR) is a major threat to humans, as it is linked to greater rates of chronic disease and mortality. Hence, there is an urgent need for developing effective strategies to overcome the bacterial MDR. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are a new class of porous crystalline materials made up of metal ions and organic ligands that can vary their pore size and structure to better encapsulate drug candidates. This study reports the synthesis of ribose-coated Cu-MOFs for enhanced bactericidal activity of chloramphenicol (CHL) against Escherichia coli (resistant and sensitive) and MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The synthesized Cu-MOFs were characterized with DLS, FT-IR, powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, and atomic force microscope. They were further investigated for their efficacy against selected bacterial strains. The synthesized ribose-coated Cu-MOFs were observed as spherical shape structure with the particle size of 562.84 ± 13.42 nm. CHL caused the increased inhibition of E. coli and MDR P. aeruginosa with significantly reduced MIC and MBIC values after being encapsulated in ribose-coated Cu-MOFs. The morphological analysis of the bacterial strains treated with ribose-coated CHL-Cu-MOFs showed the complete morphological distortion of both E. coli and MDR P. aeruginosa. Based on the results of the study, it can be suggested that ribose-coated Cu-MOFs may be an effective alternate candidate to overcome the MDR and provide new perspective for the treatment of MDR bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haseena
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan; (H.); (A.K.)
| | - Adnan Khan
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan; (H.); (A.K.)
| | - Iqra Ghaffar
- International Centre for Chemical and Biological Sciences, Research Institute of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi 74200, Pakistan; (I.G.); (S.M.H.); (T.K.)
| | - Roua S. Baty
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;
| | - Shahida M. Habib
- International Centre for Chemical and Biological Sciences, Research Institute of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi 74200, Pakistan; (I.G.); (S.M.H.); (T.K.)
| | - Tasmina Kanwal
- International Centre for Chemical and Biological Sciences, Research Institute of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi 74200, Pakistan; (I.G.); (S.M.H.); (T.K.)
| | - Muhammad Raza Shah
- International Centre for Chemical and Biological Sciences, Research Institute of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi 74200, Pakistan; (I.G.); (S.M.H.); (T.K.)
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Characterization and In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of Tacrolimus-Loaded Poly(ε-Caprolactone) Nanocapsules for the Management of Atopic Dermatitis. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13122013. [PMID: 34959295 PMCID: PMC8707425 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13122013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tacrolimus (TAC) is a drug of natural origin used in conventional topical dosage forms to control atopic dermatitis. However, direct application of the drug often causes adverse side effects in some patients. Hence, drug nanoencapsulation could be used as an improved novel therapy to mitigate the adverse effects and enhance bioavailability of the drug. METHODS Physicochemical properties, in vitro drug release experiments, and in vivo anti-inflammatory activity studies were performed. RESULTS TAC-loaded nanocapsules were successfully prepared by the interfacial deposition of preformed polymer using poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL). The nanoparticulate systems presented a spherical shape with a smooth and regular surface, adequate diameter (226 to 250 nm), polydispersity index below 0.3, and suitable electrical stability (-38 to -42 mV). X-ray diffraction confirmed that the encapsulation method provided mainly the drug molecular dispersion in the nanocapsule oily core. Fourier-transform infrared spectra suggested that nanoencapsulation did not result in chemical bonds between drug and polymer. In vitro drug dissolution experiments showed a controlled release with a slight initial burst. The release kinetics showed zero-order kinetics. As per the Korsmeyer-Peppas model, anomalous transport features were observed. TAC-loaded PCL nanocapsules exhibited excellent anti-inflammatory activity when compared to the free drug. CONCLUSIONS TAC-loaded PCL nanocapsules can be suitably used as a novel nano-based dosage form to control atopic dermatitis.
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Kaiser P, Wächter J, Windbergs M. Therapy of infected wounds: overcoming clinical challenges by advanced drug delivery systems. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2021; 11:1545-1567. [PMID: 33611768 PMCID: PMC8236057 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-021-00932-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, the incidence of infected wounds is steadily increasing, and so is the clinical as well as economic interest in effective therapies. These combine reduction of pathogen load in the wound with general wound management to facilitate the healing process. The success of current therapies is challenged by harsh conditions in the wound microenvironment, chronicity, and biofilm formation, thus impeding adequate concentrations of active antimicrobials at the site of infection. Inadequate dosing accuracy of systemically and topically applied antibiotics is prone to promote development of antibiotic resistance, while in the case of antiseptics, cytotoxicity is a major problem. Advanced drug delivery systems have the potential to enable the tailor-made application of antimicrobials to the side of action, resulting in an effective treatment with negligible side effects. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of treatment options for the therapy of infected wounds. In this context, a special focus is set on delivery systems for antimicrobials ranging from semi-solid and liquid formulations over wound dressings to more advanced carriers such as nano-sized particulate systems, vesicular systems, electrospun fibers, and microneedles, which are discussed regarding their potential for effective therapy of wound infections. Further, established and novel models and analytical techniques for preclinical testing are introduced and a future perspective is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia Kaiser
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 15, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jana Wächter
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 15, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Maike Windbergs
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 15, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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Javaid S, Ahmad NM, Mahmood A, Nasir H, Iqbal M, Ahmad N, Irshad S. Cefotaxime Loaded Polycaprolactone Based Polymeric Nanoparticles with Antifouling Properties for In-Vitro Drug Release Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:2180. [PMID: 34209144 PMCID: PMC8271961 DOI: 10.3390/polym13132180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to achieve the successful encapsulation of a therapeutic agent to achieve antifouling functionality regarding biomedical applications. Considering nanotechnology, drug-loaded polycaprolactone (PCL)-based nanoparticles were prepared using a nano-precipitation technique by optimizing various process parameters. The resultant nano-formulations were investigated for in vitro drug release and antifouling applications. The prepared particles were characterized in terms of surface morphology and surface properties. Optimized blank and drug-loaded nanoparticles had an average size of 200 nm and 216 nm, respectively, with associated charges of -16.8 mV and -11.2 mV. Studies of the in vitro release of drug were carried out, which showed sustained release at two different pH, 5.5 and 7.4 Antifouling activity was observed against two bacterial strains, Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative Escherichia coli. The zone of inhibition of the optimized polymeric drug-loaded nanoparticle F-25 against both strains were compared with the pure drug. The gradual pH-responsive release of antibiotics from the biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles could significantly increase the efficiency and pharmacokinetics of the drug as compared to the pure drug. The acquired data significantly noted that the resultant nano-encapsulation of antifouling functionality could be a promising candidate for topical drug delivery systems and skin applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Javaid
- School of Natural Sciences (SNS), National University of Science and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan; (S.J.); (A.M.); (H.N.); (M.I.)
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wah, Wah Cantt 47040, Pakistan
| | - Nasir M. Ahmad
- Polymer Research Lab, School of Chemical and Materials Engineering (SCME), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Azhar Mahmood
- School of Natural Sciences (SNS), National University of Science and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan; (S.J.); (A.M.); (H.N.); (M.I.)
| | - Habib Nasir
- School of Natural Sciences (SNS), National University of Science and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan; (S.J.); (A.M.); (H.N.); (M.I.)
| | - Mudassir Iqbal
- School of Natural Sciences (SNS), National University of Science and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan; (S.J.); (A.M.); (H.N.); (M.I.)
| | - Naveed Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan; (N.A.); (S.I.)
| | - Sundus Irshad
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan; (N.A.); (S.I.)
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Cortés H, Hernández-Parra H, Bernal-Chávez SA, Prado-Audelo MLD, Caballero-Florán IH, Borbolla-Jiménez FV, González-Torres M, Magaña JJ, Leyva-Gómez G. Non-Ionic Surfactants for Stabilization of Polymeric Nanoparticles for Biomedical Uses. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:3197. [PMID: 34200640 PMCID: PMC8226872 DOI: 10.3390/ma14123197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Surfactants are essential in the manufacture of polymeric nanoparticles by emulsion formation methods and to preserve the stability of carriers in liquid media. The deposition of non-ionic surfactants at the interface allows a considerable reduction of the globule of the emulsion with high biocompatibility and the possibility of oscillating the final sizes in a wide nanometric range. Therefore, this review presents an analysis of the three principal non-ionic surfactants utilized in the manufacture of polymeric nanoparticles; polysorbates, poly(vinyl alcohol), and poloxamers. We included a section on general properties and uses and a comprehensive compilation of formulations with each principal non-ionic surfactant. Then, we highlight a section on the interaction of non-ionic surfactants with biological barriers to emphasize that the function of surfactants is not limited to stabilizing the dispersion of nanoparticles and has a broad impact on pharmacokinetics. Finally, the last section corresponds to a recommendation in the experimental approach for choosing a surfactant applying the systematic methodology of Quality by Design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hernán Cortés
- Laboratorio de Medicina Genómica, Departamento de Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Ciudad de México 14389, Mexico; (H.C.); (F.V.B.-J.)
| | - Héctor Hernández-Parra
- Departamento de Farmacología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México 07360, Mexico; (H.H.-P.); (I.H.C.-F.)
| | - Sergio A. Bernal-Chávez
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico;
| | - María L. Del Prado-Audelo
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Departamento de Bioingeniería, Tecnológico de Monterrey Campus Ciudad de México, CDMX, Ciudad de México 14380, Mexico;
| | - Isaac H. Caballero-Florán
- Departamento de Farmacología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México 07360, Mexico; (H.H.-P.); (I.H.C.-F.)
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico;
| | - Fabiola V. Borbolla-Jiménez
- Laboratorio de Medicina Genómica, Departamento de Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Ciudad de México 14389, Mexico; (H.C.); (F.V.B.-J.)
| | - Maykel González-Torres
- CONACyT-Laboratorio de Biotecnología, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Ciudad de México 14389, Mexico;
| | - Jonathan J. Magaña
- Laboratorio de Medicina Genómica, Departamento de Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Ciudad de México 14389, Mexico; (H.C.); (F.V.B.-J.)
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Departamento de Bioingeniería, Tecnológico de Monterrey Campus Ciudad de México, CDMX, Ciudad de México 14380, Mexico;
| | - Gerardo Leyva-Gómez
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico;
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11
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Gkartziou F, Giormezis N, Spiliopoulou I, Antimisiaris SG. Nanobiosystems for Antimicrobial Drug-Resistant Infections. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11051075. [PMID: 33922004 PMCID: PMC8143556 DOI: 10.3390/nano11051075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The worldwide increased bacterial resistance toward antimicrobial therapeutics has led investigators to search for new therapeutic options. Some of the options currently exploited to treat drug-resistant infections include drug-associated nanosystems. Additionally, the use of bacteriophages alone or in combination with drugs has been recently revisited; some studies utilizing nanosystems for bacteriophage delivery have been already reported. In this review article, we focus on nine pathogens that are the leading antimicrobial drug-resistant organisms, causing difficult-to-treat infections. For each organism, the bacteriophages and nanosystems developed or used in the last 20 years as potential treatments of pathogen-related infections are discussed. Summarizing conclusions and future perspectives related with the potential of such nano-antimicrobials for the treatment of persistent infections are finally highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Foteini Gkartziou
- Institute of Chemical Engineering, FORTH/ICES, Platani, 26504 Patras, Greece;
| | - Nikolaos Giormezis
- National Reference Centre for Staphylococci, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece;
| | - Iris Spiliopoulou
- National Reference Centre for Staphylococci, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece;
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
- Correspondence: (I.S.); (S.G.A.)
| | - Sophia G. Antimisiaris
- Institute of Chemical Engineering, FORTH/ICES, Platani, 26504 Patras, Greece;
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
- Correspondence: (I.S.); (S.G.A.)
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12
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Yus C, Irusta S, Sebastian V, Arruebo M. Controlling Particle Size and Release Kinetics in the Sustained Delivery of Oral Antibiotics Using pH-Independent Mucoadhesive Polymers. Mol Pharm 2020; 17:3314-3327. [PMID: 32687366 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Copolymers synthesized from acrylic acid and methacrylic acid used as gastroprotective and mucoadhesive enteric coatings have been used to prepare micro- (∼2 μm), submicro- (∼200 nm), and nanoparticles (∼20 nm) containing rifampicin (Rif) to obtain time-controlled drug release kinetics. Different particle sizes and drug release kinetics have been obtained using different synthesis conditions and fabrication techniques including the use of an electrosprayer and an interdigital microfabricated micromixer. The antimicrobial action of the encapsulated Rif has been demonstrated against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and compared with the effect of the equivalent dose of the free macrolide antibiotic. At low concentrations, the encapsulated antibiotic showed superior antimicrobial activity than the free drug. The stability of the developed particles has been evaluated in vitro under simulated gastric and intestinal conditions. At the concentrations tested, a reduced cytotoxicity against different human cell lines was observed after analyzing their subcytotoxic doses and the influence on their cell cycle by flow cytometry. Drug release kinetics can be tuned by adjusting particle sizes, and it would be possible to reach the minimum inhibitory concentration or the minimum bactericidal concentration at different time points depending on the medical needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Yus
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Aragon Institute of Nanoscience (INA), University of Zaragoza, Aragón Materials Science Institute, ICMA, Campus Río Ebro-Edificio I+D, C/ Poeta Mariano Esquillor S/N, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain.,Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS Aragon), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Silvia Irusta
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Aragon Institute of Nanoscience (INA), University of Zaragoza, Aragón Materials Science Institute, ICMA, Campus Río Ebro-Edificio I+D, C/ Poeta Mariano Esquillor S/N, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain.,Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS Aragon), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.,Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Victor Sebastian
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Aragon Institute of Nanoscience (INA), University of Zaragoza, Aragón Materials Science Institute, ICMA, Campus Río Ebro-Edificio I+D, C/ Poeta Mariano Esquillor S/N, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain.,Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS Aragon), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.,Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Arruebo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Aragon Institute of Nanoscience (INA), University of Zaragoza, Aragón Materials Science Institute, ICMA, Campus Río Ebro-Edificio I+D, C/ Poeta Mariano Esquillor S/N, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain.,Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS Aragon), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.,Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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13
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Sen S, Borah SN, Kandimalla R, Bora A, Deka S. Sophorolipid Biosurfactant Can Control Cutaneous Dermatophytosis Caused by Trichophyton mentagrophytes. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:329. [PMID: 32226417 PMCID: PMC7080852 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Trichophyton mentagrophytes, a zoophilic species, is one of the most frequently isolated dermatophytes in many parts of the world. This study investigated the efficacy of a sophorolipid (SL-YS3) produced by Rhodotorula babjevae YS3 against dermatophytosis caused by T. mentagrophytes. SL-YS3 was characterized by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and ultra-performance liquid chromatography, coupled with electrospray mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-MS). SL-YS3 comprised of six different fatty acids as the hydrophobic components of constituent congeners and sophorose as the hydrophilic component. Inhibitory effects of purified SL-YS3 against hyphal growth was found to be 85% at a 2 mg ml–1 concentration, and MIC was 1 mg ml–1. Microscopic examination with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy, and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) revealed that SL-YS3 exerts its effect by disrupting cell membrane integrity causing cell death. SL-YS3 was also effective in reducing the biofilms formed by T. mentagrophytes, which was observed spectrophotometrically with crystal-violet staining and further validated with SEM and CLSM studies of treated biofilms. In vivo studies in a mouse model of cutaneous dermatophytosis involving macroscopic observations, percent culture recovery from skin samples, and histopathological studies showed that SL-YS3 could effectively cure the infected mice after 21 days of topical treatment. Terbinafine (TRB) was used as a standard drug in the experiments. We demonstrate, for the first time, the antidermatophytic activity of a sophorolipid biosurfactant. The findings are suggestive that SL-YS3 can be formulated as a novel antifungal compound to treat cutaneous mycoses caused by T. mentagrophytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suparna Sen
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Resource Management and Environment Section, Life Sciences Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology, Guwahati, India
| | - Siddhartha Narayan Borah
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Resource Management and Environment Section, Life Sciences Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology, Guwahati, India
| | - Raghuram Kandimalla
- Drug Discovery Laboratory, Life Sciences Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology, Guwahati, India
| | - Arijit Bora
- Department of Bioengineering and Technology, Institute of Science and Technology, Gauhati University, Guwahati, India
| | - Suresh Deka
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Resource Management and Environment Section, Life Sciences Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology, Guwahati, India
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14
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Hajiahmadi F, Alikhani MY, Shariatifar H, Arabestani MR, Ahmadvand D. The bactericidal effect of liposomal vancomycin as a topical combating system against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus skin wound infection in mice. Med J Islam Repub Iran 2019; 33:153. [PMID: 32280659 PMCID: PMC7137850 DOI: 10.34171/mjiri.33.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is one of the most common causes of skin infections and treatment is difficult due to its resistance to the most of antibiotics. Although vancomycin is often considered as an antibacterial agent of choice for the treatment of MRSA, its use is limited because of the high side effects. One solution is using liposomal formulation for local drug delivery. The aim of this study was to determine in vitro and in vivo efficacies of liposomal vancomycin as topical use. Methods: To prepare liposomal vancomycin, the ammonium sulfate gradient using remote loading and freeze-thaw methods was applied. Then, synthesized nanoliposomes were evaluated in terms of particle size, morphology, stability, and encapsulation efficiency. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of synthesized nanoliposome against MRSA was detected. The cytotoxicity of synthesized nanoliposome was evaluated using MTT (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. Finally, the topical antibacterial activity of each formulation was tested against MRSA-infected skin wound model in mice.
Results: High encapsulation efficiency was achieved for all synthesized nanoliposomes. The results of in vitro and in vivo showed that liposomal vancomycin was more effective than free vancomycin. Also, synthesized nanoliposome showed no cytotoxicity on human epidermoid cell line.
Conclusion: The results showed that synthesized nanoliposome could be applied as a great topical antimicrobial construct for treatment of MRSA skin infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahimeh Hajiahmadi
- Department of Microbiology, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | | | - Hanifeh Shariatifar
- Young Researches and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Arabestani
- Department of Microbiology, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.,Brucellosis Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Davoud Ahmadvand
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Neuroscience Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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15
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Das M, Goswami U, Kandimalla R, Kalita S, Ghosh SS, Chattopadhyay A. Iron–Copper Bimetallic Nanocomposite Reinforced Dressing Materials for Infection Control and Healing of Diabetic Wound. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2019; 2:5434-5445. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b00870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Madhumita Das
- Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
- Guwahati Neurological Research Centre Medical Lab, North Guwahati 781031, India
| | - Upashi Goswami
- Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
| | - Raghuram Kandimalla
- Institute of Advance Study of Science and Technology, Guwahati 781035, India
| | - Sanjeeb Kalita
- Institute of Advance Study of Science and Technology, Guwahati 781035, India
| | - Siddhartha Sankar Ghosh
- Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
| | - Arun Chattopadhyay
- Centre for Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
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16
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Mir M, Ahmed N, Permana AD, Rodgers AM, Donnelly RF, Rehman A. Enhancement in Site-Specific Delivery of Carvacrol against Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Induced Skin Infections Using Enzyme Responsive Nanoparticles: A Proof of Concept Study. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:E606. [PMID: 31766227 PMCID: PMC6921059 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11110606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) induced skin infections have become a challenging problem due to the escalating antibiotic resistance. Carvacrol (CAR) has been reported to be effective against MRSA. However, due to its characteristics, CAR exhibits low skin retention. In this study, CAR was formulated into site-specific nanoparticle (NPs) delivery system using poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), following incorporation into a hydrogel matrix to facilitate dermal delivery. The release study exhibited significantly higher release of CAR from PCL NPs in the presence of bacterial lipase, highlighting its potential for differential delivery. Moreover, encapsulation of CAR in PCL NPs resulted in a two-fold increase in its anti-MRSA activity. Dermatokinetic studies revealed that the NPs loaded hydrogel was able to enhance skin retention of CAR after 24 h (83.29 ± 3.15%), compared to free CAR-loaded hydrogel (0.85 ± 0.14%). Importantly, this novel approach exhibited effective antimicrobial activity in an ex-vivo skin infection model. Hence, these findings have proven the concept that the loading of CAR into a responsive NPs system can lead to sustained antimicrobial effect at the desired site, and may provide a novel effective approach for treatment of MRSA induced skin infections. However, further studies must be conducted to investigate in-vivo efficacy of the developed system in an appropriate infection model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Mir
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan; (M.M.); (N.A.)
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen’s University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; (A.D.P.); (A.M.R.)
| | - Naveed Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan; (M.M.); (N.A.)
| | - Andi Dian Permana
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen’s University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; (A.D.P.); (A.M.R.)
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90234, Indonesia
| | - Aoife Maria Rodgers
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen’s University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; (A.D.P.); (A.M.R.)
| | - Ryan F. Donnelly
- School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen’s University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; (A.D.P.); (A.M.R.)
| | - Asim.ur. Rehman
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan; (M.M.); (N.A.)
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17
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Green chemistry synthesis of biocompatible ZnS quantum dots (QDs): their application as potential thin films and antibacterial agent. INTERNATIONAL NANO LETTERS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s40089-019-0270-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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18
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Churilov L, Korzhikov-Vlakh V, Sinitsyna E, Polyakov D, Darashkevich O, Poida M, Platonova G, Vinogradova T, Utekhin V, Zabolotnykh N, Zinserling V, Yablonsky P, Urtti A, Tennikova T. Enhanced Delivery of 4-Thioureidoiminomethylpyridinium Perchlorate in Tuberculosis Models with IgG Functionalized Poly(Lactic Acid)-Based Particles. Pharmaceutics 2018; 11:E2. [PMID: 30577686 PMCID: PMC6359407 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The compound 4-thioureidoiminomethylpyridinium perchlorate (perchlozone©) is a novel anti-tuberculosis drug that is active in multiple drug resistance cases, but the compound is hepatotoxic. To decrease the systemic load and to achieve targeting, we encapsulated the drug into poly(lactic acid)-based micro- (1100 nm) and nanoparticles (170 nm) that were modified with single-chain camel immunoglobulin G (IgG) for targeting. Both micro- and nanoparticles formed stable suspensions in saline solution at particle concentrations of 10⁻50 mg/mL. The formulations were injected intraperitoneally and intravenously into the mice with experimental tuberculosis. The survival of control animals was compared to that of mice which were treated with daily oral drug solution, single intraperitoneal administration of drug-loaded particles, and those treated both intravenously and intraperitoneally by drug-loaded particles modified with polyclonal camel IgGs. The distribution of particles in the organs of mice was analyzed with immunofluorescence and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. Morphological changes related to tuberculosis and drug toxicity were registered. Phagocytic macrophages internalized particles and transported them to the foci of tuberculosis in inner organs. Nanoparticle-based drug formulations, especially those with IgG, resulted in better survival and lower degree of lung manifestations than the other modes of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonid Churilov
- Faculty of Medicine, Saint Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Embankment, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Viktor Korzhikov-Vlakh
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Embankment, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Ekaterina Sinitsyna
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Embankment, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia.
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoi pr. V.O. 31, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Dmitry Polyakov
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Embankment, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Oleg Darashkevich
- Republican Center for Innovative and Technical Creativity, Slavinskogo str. 12, 220086 Minsk, Belarus.
| | - Mikhail Poida
- Faculty of Medicine, Saint Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Embankment, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Galina Platonova
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoi pr. V.O. 31, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Tatiana Vinogradova
- St. Petersburg Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology, Polytechnical str. 32, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Vladimir Utekhin
- Faculty of Medicine, Saint Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Embankment, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Natalia Zabolotnykh
- St. Petersburg Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology, Polytechnical str. 32, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Vsevolod Zinserling
- Faculty of Medicine, Saint Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Embankment, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Peter Yablonsky
- Faculty of Medicine, Saint Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Embankment, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia.
- St. Petersburg Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology, Polytechnical str. 32, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Arto Urtti
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Embankment, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Tatiana Tennikova
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Embankment, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia.
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19
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Kalita S, Kandimalla R, Bhowal AC, Kotoky J, Kundu S. Functionalization of β-lactam antibiotic on lysozyme capped gold nanoclusters retrogress MRSA and its persisters following awakening. Sci Rep 2018; 8:5778. [PMID: 29636496 PMCID: PMC5893536 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-22736-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study we have reported an efficient antibacterial hybrid fabricated through surface functionalization of lysozyme capped gold nanoclusters (AUNC-L) with β-lactam antibiotic ampicillin (AUNC-L-Amp). The prepared hybrid not only reverted the MRSA resistance towards ampicillin but also demonstrated enhanced antibacterial activity against non-resistant bacterial strains. Most importantly, upon awakening through cis-2-decenoic acid (cis-DA) exposure, the MRSA persister got inhibited by the AUNC-L-Amp treatment. Intraperitoneal administration of this hybrid eliminates the systemic MRSA infection in a murine animal model. Topical application of this nano conjugate eradicated MRSA infection from difficult to treat diabetic wound of rat and accelerated the healing process. Due to inherent bio-safe nature of gold, AUNC-L alone or in the construct (AUNC-L-Amp) demonstrated excellent biocompatibility and did not indicate any deleterious effects in in vivo settings. We postulate that AUNC-L-Amp overcomes the elevated levels of β-lactamase at the site of MRSA antibiotic interaction with subsequent multivalent binding to the bacterial surface and enhanced permeation. Coordinated action of AUNC-L-Amp components precludes MRSA to attain resistance against the hybrid. We proposed that the inhibitory effect of AUNC-L-Amp against MRSA and its persister form is due to increased Amp concentration at the site of action, multivalent presentation and enhanced permeation of Amp through lysozyme-mediated cell wall lysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeeb Kalita
- Drug Discovery Lab, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology, Paschim Boragaon, Assam, Guwahati, 781035, India.
| | - Raghuram Kandimalla
- Drug Discovery Lab, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology, Paschim Boragaon, Assam, Guwahati, 781035, India.
| | - Ashim Chandra Bhowal
- Soft Nano Laboratory, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology, Paschim Boragaon, Assam, Guwahati, 781035, India
| | - Jibon Kotoky
- Drug Discovery Lab, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology, Paschim Boragaon, Assam, Guwahati, 781035, India
| | - Sarathi Kundu
- Soft Nano Laboratory, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology, Paschim Boragaon, Assam, Guwahati, 781035, India.
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20
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Hibbitts A, O'Leary C. Emerging Nanomedicine Therapies to Counter the Rise of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 11:E321. [PMID: 29473883 PMCID: PMC5849018 DOI: 10.3390/ma11020321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In a recent report, the World Health Organisation (WHO) classified antibiotic resistance as one of the greatest threats to global health, food security, and development. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) remains at the core of this threat, with persistent and resilient strains detectable in up to 90% of S. aureus infections. Unfortunately, there is a lack of novel antibiotics reaching the clinic to address the significant morbidity and mortality that MRSA is responsible for. Recently, nanomedicine strategies have emerged as a promising therapy to combat the rise of MRSA. However, these approaches have been wide-ranging in design, with few attempts to compare studies across scientific and clinical disciplines. This review seeks to reconcile this discrepancy in the literature, with specific focus on the mechanisms of MRSA infection and how they can be exploited by bioactive molecules that are delivered by nanomedicines, in addition to utilisation of the nanomaterials themselves as antibacterial agents. Finally, we discuss targeting MRSA biofilms using nano-patterning technologies and comment on future opportunities and challenges for MRSA treatment using nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Hibbitts
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St. Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland.
- Trinity Centre of Bioengineering, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland.
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) Centre, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland and Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Cian O'Leary
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St. Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland.
- Trinity Centre of Bioengineering, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland.
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) Centre, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland and Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
- School of Pharmacy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St. Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland.
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21
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Sharafutdinov IS, Trizna EY, Baidamshina DR, Ryzhikova MN, Sibgatullina RR, Khabibrakhmanova AM, Latypova LZ, Kurbangalieva AR, Rozhina EV, Klinger-Strobel M, Fakhrullin RF, Pletz MW, Bogachev MI, Kayumov AR, Makarewicz O. Antimicrobial Effects of Sulfonyl Derivative of 2(5 H)-Furanone against Planktonic and Biofilm Associated Methicillin-Resistant and -Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:2246. [PMID: 29209288 PMCID: PMC5701942 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.02246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The gram-positive opportunistic bacterium Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most common causatives of a variety of diseases including skin and skin structure infection or nosocomial catheter-associated infections. The biofilm formation that is an important virulence factor of this microorganism renders the antibiotic therapy ineffective, because biofilm-embedded bacteria exhibit strongly increased tolerance to antimicrobials. Here, we describe a novel 3-chloro-5(S)-[(1R,2S,5R)-2-isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexyloxy]-4-[4-methylphenylsulfonyl]-2(5H)-furanone (F105), possessing a sulfonyl group and l-menthol moiety. Minimal inhibitory and bactericidal concentration values (MIC and MBC) of F105 were 10 and 40 mg/L, respectively, suggesting F105 biocidal properties. F105 exhibits pronounced activity against biofilm-embedded S. aureus and increases the efficacy of aminoglycosides (amikacin, gentamicin, and kanamycin) and benzalkonium chloride with fractional inhibitory concentration index values of 0.33–0.44 and 0.29, respectively, suggesting an alternative external treatment option, e.g., for wound infections. Moreover, low concentrations (0.5–1.3 mg/L) of F105 reduced the MICs of these antimicrobials twofold. By using confocal laser scanning microscopy and CFU counting, we show explicitly that F105 also restores the antimicrobial activity of gentamicin and ampicillin against S. aureus biofilms by several orders of magnitude. Biofilm structures were not destroyed but sterilized, with embedded cells being almost completely killed at twofold MBC. While F105 is quite toxic (CC50/MBC ratio 0.2), our data suggest that the F105 chemotype might be a promising starting point for the development of complex topical agents for combined anti-staphylococcal biofilm-therapies restoring the efficacy of some antibiotics against difficult to treat S. aureus biofilm.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elena Y Trizna
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Diana R Baidamshina
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Maria N Ryzhikova
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Regina R Sibgatullina
- Biofunctional Chemistry Laboratory, Alexander Butlerov Institute of Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Alsu M Khabibrakhmanova
- Biofunctional Chemistry Laboratory, Alexander Butlerov Institute of Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Liliya Z Latypova
- Biofunctional Chemistry Laboratory, Alexander Butlerov Institute of Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Almira R Kurbangalieva
- Biofunctional Chemistry Laboratory, Alexander Butlerov Institute of Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Elvira V Rozhina
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Mareike Klinger-Strobel
- Center for Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Rawil F Fakhrullin
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Mathias W Pletz
- Center for Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Mikhail I Bogachev
- Biomedical Engineering Research Centre, Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Airat R Kayumov
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Oliwia Makarewicz
- Center for Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
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22
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Hsu CY, Yang SC, Sung CT, Weng YH, Fang JY. Anti-MRSA malleable liposomes carrying chloramphenicol for ameliorating hair follicle targeting. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 12:8227-8238. [PMID: 29184410 PMCID: PMC5689027 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s147226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogens usually invade hair follicles when skin infection occurs. The accumulated bacteria in follicles are difficult to eradicate. The present study aimed to assess the cutaneous and follicular delivery of chloramphenicol (Cm)-loaded liposomes and the antibacterial activity of these liposomes against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Skin permeation was conducted by in vitro Franz diffusion cell. The anti-MRSA potential was checked using minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), a well diffusion test, and intracellular MRSA killing. The classic, dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC), and deoxycholic acid (DA) liposomes had a vesicle size of 98, 132, and 239 nm, respectively. The incorporation of DMPC or DA into the liposomes increased the bilayer fluidity. The malleable vesicles containing DMPC and DA showed increased follicular Cm uptake over the control solution by 1.5- and 2-fold, respectively. The MIC and MBC of DA liposomes loaded with Cm were 62.5 and 62.5–125 μg/mL, comparable to free Cm. An inhibition zone about 2-fold higher was achieved by DA liposomes as compared to the free control at a Cm dose of 0.5 mg/mL. DA liposomes also augmented antibacterial activity on keratinocyte-infected MRSA. The deformable liposomes had good biocompatibility against keratinocytes and neutrophils (viability >80%). In vivo administration demonstrated that DA liposomes caused negligible toxicity on the skin, based on physiological examination and histology. These data suggest the potential application of malleable liposomes for follicular targeting and the treatment of MRSA-infected dermatologic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Yun Hsu
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences.,Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety and Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kweishan
| | - Shih-Chun Yang
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Providence University, Taichung.,Pharmaceutics Laboratory, Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Kweishan, Taiwan
| | - Calvin T Sung
- School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Yi-Han Weng
- Pharmaceutics Laboratory, Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Kweishan, Taiwan
| | - Jia-You Fang
- Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety and Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kweishan.,Pharmaceutics Laboratory, Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Kweishan, Taiwan.,Chinese Herbal Medicine Research Team, Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University.,Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kweishan, Taiwan
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23
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Kandimalla R, Dash S, Bhowal AC, Kalita S, Talukdar NC, Kundu S, Kotoky J. Glycogen-gold nanohybrid escalates the potency of silymarin. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 12:7025-7038. [PMID: 29026299 PMCID: PMC5626415 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s142497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, a glycogen-gold nanohybrid was fabricated to enhance the potency of a promising hepatoprotective agent silymarin (Sly) by improving its solubility and gut permeation. By utilizing a facile green chemistry approach, biogenic gold nanoparticles were synthesized from Annona reticulata leaf phytoconstituents in combination with Sly (SGNPs). Further, the SGNPs were aggregated in glycogen biopolymer to yield the therapeutic nanohybrids (GSGNPs). Transmission electron microscopy, UV-Vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis confirmed the successful formation and conjugation of both SGNPs and GSGNPs. The fabricated nanohybrids showed significant protection against CCl4-induced hepatic injury in Wistar rats and maintained natural antioxidant (superoxide dismutase and catalase) levels. Animals treated with GSGNPs (10 mg/kg) and SGNPs (20 mg/kg) retained usual hepatic functions with routine levels of hepatobiliary enzymes (aspartate transferase, alanine transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, and lactate dehydrogenase) and inflammatory markers (interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α) with minimal lipid peroxidation, whereas those treated with 100 mg/kg of Sly showed the similar effect. These results were also supported by histopathology of the livers where pronounced hepatoprotection with normal hepatic physiology and negligible inflammatory infiltrate were observed. Significant higher plasma Cmax supported the enhanced bioavailability of Sly upon GSGNPs treatment compared to SGNPs and free Sly. Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry analysis also substantiated the efficient delivery of GSGNPs over SGNPs. The fabricated therapeutic nanohybrids were also found to be biocompatible toward human erythrocytes and L929 mouse fibroblast cells. Overall, due to increased solubility, bioavailability and profuse gut absorption; GSGNPs demonstrated tenfold enhanced potency compared to free Sly.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Suvakanta Dash
- Girijananda Choudhury Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences
| | | | - Sanjeeb Kalita
- Drug Discovery Lab, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology
| | | | - Sarathi Kundu
- Soft Nano Laboratory, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology
| | - Jibon Kotoky
- Drug Discovery Lab, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Guwahati, India
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24
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Mohd Abd Ghafar SL, Hussein MZ, Rukayadi Y, Abu Bakar Zakaria MZ. Surface-functionalized cockle shell-based calcium carbonate aragonite polymorph as a drug nanocarrier. Nanotechnol Sci Appl 2017; 10:79-94. [PMID: 28572724 PMCID: PMC5441671 DOI: 10.2147/nsa.s120868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium carbonate aragonite polymorph nanoparticles derived from cockle shells were prepared using surface functionalization method followed by purification steps. Size, morphology, and surface properties of the nanoparticles were characterized using transmission electron microscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, zetasizer, X-ray powder diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry techniques. The potential of surface-functionalized calcium carbonate aragonite polymorph nanoparticle as a drug-delivery agent were assessed through in vitro drug-loading test and drug-release test. Transmission electron microscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and particle size distribution analyses revealed that size, morphology, and surface characterization had been improved after surface functionalization process. Zeta potential of the nanoparticles was found to be increased, thereby demonstrating better dispersion among the nanoparticles. Purification techniques showed a further improvement in the overall distribution of nanoparticles toward more refined size ranges <100 nm, which specifically favored drug-delivery applications. The purity of the aragonite phase and their chemical analyses were verified by X-ray powder diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry studies. In vitro biological response of hFOB 1.19 osteoblast cells showed that surface functionalization could improve the cytotoxicity of cockle shell–based calcium carbonate aragonite nanocarrier. The sample was also sensitive to pH changes and demonstrated good abilities to load and sustain in vitro drug. This study thus indicates that calcium carbonate aragonite polymorph nanoparticles derived from cockle shells, a natural biomaterial, with modified surface characteristics are promising and can be applied as efficient carriers for drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yaya Rukayadi
- Institute of Bioscience.,Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology
| | - Md Zuki Abu Bakar Zakaria
- Institute of Bioscience.,Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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25
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Kandimalla R, Dash S, Kalita S, Choudhury B, Malampati S, Devi R, Ramanathan M, Talukdar NC, Kotoky J. Bioactive Fraction of Annona reticulata Bark (or) Ziziphus jujuba Root Bark along with Insulin Attenuates Painful Diabetic Neuropathy through Inhibiting NF-κB Inflammatory Cascade. Front Cell Neurosci 2017; 11:73. [PMID: 28381989 PMCID: PMC5361110 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2017.00073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study explains the neuroprotective ability of bioactive fractions of Annona reticulata bark (ARB) and Ziziphus jujuba root bark (ZJ) along with insulin against diabetic neuropathy. By using different solvents of increasing polarity ARB and ZJ were undergone for bioactive guided fractionation. The neuroprotective ability of the all the plant fractions were tested against H2O2 induced toxicity in SHSY5Y neuroblastoma cell lines and DRG neuronal cells. Among all the fractions tested, the methanol extract of ARB and ZJ (ARBME and ZJME) and its water fractions (ARBWF and ZJWF) exhibited significant neuroprotection against H2O2 induced toxicity in SHSY5Y cells and DRG neuronal cells. Further both the active fractions were tested against streptozotocin (55 mg/kg i.p.) induced diabetic neuropathy in male Wistar rats. Body weight changes, blood glucose levels and pain threshold through hot plate, tail immersion, cold plate and Randall-Sillitto methods were measured throughout the study at weekly interval. After completion of the drug treatment period, all the animals were sacrificed to measure the sciatic nerve lipid peroxidation, antioxidative enzyme levels (SOD, catalase, and GSH) and cytokine levels (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, iNOS, and NFκB) through ELISA and western blotting analysis. Results of this study explain that ARBME, ZJME, ARBWF, and ZJWF along with insulin potentially attenuate the thermal, mechanical hyperalgesia and cold allodynia in diabetic neuropathic rats, where insulin treatment alone failed to diminish the same. Reduction of sciatic nerve oxidative stress, NF-κB and iNOS mediated inflammatory cascade and normalization of abnormal cytokine release confirms the possible mechanism of action. The present study confirms the neuroprotective ability of ARB and ZJ against painful diabetic neuropathy through inhibiting oxidative stress and NF-κB inflammatory cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghuram Kandimalla
- Drug Discovery Laboratory, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology Guwahati, India
| | - Suvakanta Dash
- Girijananda Chowdhury Institute of Pharmaceutical Science Guwahati, India
| | - Sanjeeb Kalita
- Drug Discovery Laboratory, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology Guwahati, India
| | - Bhaswati Choudhury
- Drug Discovery Laboratory, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology Guwahati, India
| | - Sandeep Malampati
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Rajlakshmi Devi
- Drug Discovery Laboratory, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology Guwahati, India
| | | | - Narayan C Talukdar
- Drug Discovery Laboratory, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology Guwahati, India
| | - Jibon Kotoky
- Drug Discovery Laboratory, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and TechnologyGuwahati, India; National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and ResearchGuwahati, India
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26
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Patowary K, Patowary R, Kalita MC, Deka S. Characterization of Biosurfactant Produced during Degradation of Hydrocarbons Using Crude Oil As Sole Source of Carbon. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:279. [PMID: 28275373 PMCID: PMC5319985 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Production and spillage of petroleum hydrocarbons which is the most versatile energy resource causes disastrous environmental pollution. Elevated oil degrading performance from microorganisms is demanded for successful microbial remediation of those toxic pollutants. The employment of biosurfactant-producing and hydrocarbon-utilizing microbes enhances the effectiveness of bioremediation as biosurfactant plays a key role by making hydrocarbons bio-available for degradation. The present study aimed the isolation of a potent biosurfactant producing indigenous bacteria which can be employed for crude oil remediation, along with the characterization of the biosurfactant produced during crude oil biodegradation. A potent bacterial strain Pseudomonas aeruginosa PG1 (identified by 16s rDNA sequencing) was isolated from hydrocarbon contaminated soil that could efficiently produce biosurfactant by utilizing crude oil components as the carbon source, thereby leading to the enhanced degradation of the petroleum hydrocarbons. Strain PG1 could degrade 81.8% of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) after 5 weeks of culture when grown in mineral salt media (MSM) supplemented with 2% (v/v) crude oil as the sole carbon source. GCMS analysis of the treated crude oil samples revealed that P. aeruginosa PG1 could potentially degrade various hydrocarbon contents including various PAHs present in the crude oil. Biosurfactant produced by strain PG1 in the course of crude oil degradation, promotes the reduction of surface tension (ST) of the culture medium from 51.8 to 29.6 mN m−1, with the critical micelle concentration (CMC) of 56 mg L−1. FTIR, LC-MS, and SEM-EDS studies revealed that the biosurfactant is a rhamnolipid comprising of both mono and di rhamnolipid congeners. The biosurfactant did not exhibit any cytotoxic effect to mouse L292 fibroblastic cell line, however, strong antibiotic activity against some pathogenic bacteria and fungus was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaustuvmani Patowary
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Life Sciences Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology Guwahati, India
| | - Rupshikha Patowary
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Life Sciences Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology Guwahati, India
| | - Mohan C Kalita
- Department of Biotechnology, Gauhati University Guwahati, India
| | - Suresh Deka
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Life Sciences Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology Guwahati, India
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27
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Kandimalla R, Dash S, Kalita S, Choudhury B, Malampati S, Kalita K, Kalita B, Devi R, Kotoky J. Protective Effect of Bioactivity Guided Fractions of Ziziphus jujuba Mill. Root Bark against Hepatic Injury and Chronic Inflammation via Inhibiting Inflammatory Markers and Oxidative Stress. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:298. [PMID: 27656145 PMCID: PMC5013132 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The tribal communities of North Eastern India rely on herbal medicine to cure various disease conditions. Ziziphus jujuba Mill. (Rhamnaceae) is one of such medicinal plants used for curing liver ailments, insomnia, anemia, diarrhea, diabetic complications, cancer, and loss of appetite. The present study was aimed to describe the protective ability of Z. jujuba root bark (ZJRB) against hepatic injury and chronic inflammation. Bioactivity guided fractionation of Z. jujuba methanol extract (ZJME) was performed using different solvents of increasing polarity viz. hexane (ZJHF), chloroform (ZJCF), ethyl acetate (ZJEAF), water (ZJWF), and residue (ZJMR). In vitro antioxidant results revealed that both ZJME and ZJWF possess strong antioxidant activity among all the fractions and mother extract tested. Further, ZJME and ZJWF showed significant protection against CCl4 intoxicated HepG2 cell lines by means of increased cell viability and decreased LDH levels compared to control group. ZJME at 200, 400 mg/kg and ZJWF at 50, 100 mg/kg inhibited the lipid peroxidation and significantly restored the liver function markers (AST, ALT, ALP, LDH, SOD, and CAT) and cytokine levels (TNF-α, Il-1β, and Il-10) in CCl4 induced acute liver damage in rats. All the results were comparable with standard drug silymarin which was further confirmed by histopathology analysis of liver. Similarly, inflammation and increase inflammatory cytokines levels of carrageenan induced paw edema in rats have been refurbished to normal levels on par with the standard drug indomethacin. ZJWF demonstrated potent response than ZJME in all the biological tests conducted. The results of the study signify the ability of ZJRB as good therapeutic agent for liver toxicity and chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghuram Kandimalla
- Drug Discovery Laboratory, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and TechnologyGuwahati, India
| | - Suvakanta Dash
- Girijananda Chowdhury Institute of Pharmaceutical ScienceGuwahati, India
| | - Sanjeeb Kalita
- Drug Discovery Laboratory, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and TechnologyGuwahati, India
| | - Bhaswati Choudhury
- Drug Discovery Laboratory, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and TechnologyGuwahati, India
| | - Sandeep Malampati
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist UniversityHong Kong, China
| | | | - Bhupalee Kalita
- Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific ResearchBengaluru, India
| | - Rajlakshmi Devi
- Drug Discovery Laboratory, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and TechnologyGuwahati, India
| | - Jibon Kotoky
- Drug Discovery Laboratory, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and TechnologyGuwahati, India
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28
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Konwar A, Kalita S, Kotoky J, Chowdhury D. Chitosan-Iron Oxide Coated Graphene Oxide Nanocomposite Hydrogel: A Robust and Soft Antimicrobial Biofilm. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:20625-34. [PMID: 27438339 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b07510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We report a robust biofilm with antimicrobial properties fabricated from chitosan-iron oxide coated graphene oxide nanocomposite hydrogel. For the first time, the coprecipitation method was used for the successful synthesis of iron oxide coated graphene oxide (GIO) nanomaterial. After this, films were fabricated by the gel-casting technique aided by the self-healing ability of the chitosan hydrogel network system. Both the nanomaterial and the nanocomposite films were characterized by techniques such as scanning electron microscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and vibrating sample magnetometry. Measurements of the thermodynamic stability and mechanical properties of the films indictaed a significant improvement in their thermal and mechanical properties. Moreover, the stress-strain profile indicated the tough nature of the nanocomposite hydrogel films. These improvements, therefore, indicated an effective interaction and good compatibility of the GIO nanomaterial with the chitosan hydrogel matrix. In addition, it was also possible to fabricate films with tunable surface properties such as hydrophobicity simply by varying the loading percentage of GIO nanomaterial in the hydrogel matrix. Fascinatingly, the chitosan-iron oxide coated graphene oxide nanocomposite hydrogel films displayed significant antimicrobial activities against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains, such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli, and also against the opportunistic dermatophyte Candida albicans. The antimicrobial activities of the films were tested by agar diffusion assay and antimicrobial testing based on direct contact. A comparison of the antimicrobial activity of the chitosan-GIO nanocomposite hydrogel films with those of individual chitosan-graphene oxide and chitosan-iron oxide nanocomposite films demonstrated a higher antimicrobial activity for the former in both types of tests. In vitro hemolysis potentiality tests and MTT assays of the nanocomposite films indicated a noncytotoxic nature of the films, which conveyed the possibility of potential applications of these soft and tough films in biomedical as well as in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achyut Konwar
- Material Nanochemistry Laboratory, Physical Sciences Division, and ‡Drug Discovery Laboratory, Life Sciences Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology , Paschim Boragaon, Garchuk, Guwahati 781035, India
| | - Sanjeeb Kalita
- Material Nanochemistry Laboratory, Physical Sciences Division, and ‡Drug Discovery Laboratory, Life Sciences Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology , Paschim Boragaon, Garchuk, Guwahati 781035, India
| | - Jibon Kotoky
- Material Nanochemistry Laboratory, Physical Sciences Division, and ‡Drug Discovery Laboratory, Life Sciences Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology , Paschim Boragaon, Garchuk, Guwahati 781035, India
| | - Devasish Chowdhury
- Material Nanochemistry Laboratory, Physical Sciences Division, and ‡Drug Discovery Laboratory, Life Sciences Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology , Paschim Boragaon, Garchuk, Guwahati 781035, India
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29
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Kandimalla R, Kalita S, Saikia B, Choudhury B, Singh YP, Kalita K, Dash S, Kotoky J. Antioxidant and Hepatoprotective Potentiality of Randia dumetorum Lam. Leaf and Bark via Inhibition of Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Cytokines. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:205. [PMID: 27471465 PMCID: PMC4943931 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Randia dumetorum Lam. (RD) (Rubiaceae) is traditionally used by some tribes of Assam and Manipur of North East India for the treatment of liver ailments. In this context, to scientifically validate this indigenous traditional knowledge, we have evaluated the antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity of RD leaf and bark. The methanol extracts of RD leaf and bark were evaluated for in vitro antioxidant activity which exhibited good antioxidant activity in terms of reducing power assay, total antioxidant assay and DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging assay. Total phenolic and flavonoid content were found to be 112 ± 3.24 mg and 138 ± 2.46 mg gallic acid equivalents/g extract and 2.6 ± 0.26 mg and 3.34 ± 0.31 mg rutin equivalents/g extract respectively for RD leaf and bark methanol extracts. The in vivo hepato protective activity of the RD leaf and bark extract was evaluated against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced hepatic damage in male wistar rats. CCl4 administration induced hepatic damage in rats resulted in increased levels of aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, thiobarbituric acid reacting substances, albumin, bilirubin, TNF-α, IL-1β and decreased levels of total protein and antioxidant enzymes like superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione reductase. RD leaf and bark methanol extracts pre-treatment exhibited protection against CCl4 induced hepatotoxicity by reversing all the abnormal parameters to significant levels. Histopathological results revealed that RD leaf and bark extracts at 400 mg/kg protects the liver from damage induced by CCl4. The results of this study scientifically validate the traditional use of RD leaf and bark for the treatment of liver ailments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghuram Kandimalla
- Drug Discovery Lab, Division of Life Sciences, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and TechnologyGuwahati, India
| | - Sanjeeb Kalita
- Drug Discovery Lab, Division of Life Sciences, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and TechnologyGuwahati, India
| | - Bikas Saikia
- Drug Discovery Lab, Division of Life Sciences, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and TechnologyGuwahati, India
| | - Bhaswati Choudhury
- Drug Discovery Lab, Division of Life Sciences, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and TechnologyGuwahati, India
| | - Yogendra P. Singh
- Drug Discovery Lab, Division of Life Sciences, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and TechnologyGuwahati, India
| | | | - Suvakanta Dash
- Girijananda Chowdhury Institute of Pharmaceutical ScienceGuwahati, India
| | - Jibon Kotoky
- Drug Discovery Lab, Division of Life Sciences, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and TechnologyGuwahati, India
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30
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Kandimalla R, Kalita S, Choudhury B, Dash S, Kalita K, Kotoky J. Chemical Composition and Anti-Candidiasis Mediated Wound Healing Property of Cymbopogon nardus Essential Oil on Chronic Diabetic Wounds. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:198. [PMID: 27445828 PMCID: PMC4928018 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Poor wound healing is one of the major complication of diabetic patients which arises due to different factors like hyperglycemia, oxidative stress, vascular insufficiency and microbial infections. Candidiasis of diabetic wounds is a difficult to treat condition and potentially can lead to organ amputation. There are a few number of medications available in market to treat this chronic condition; which demands for alternative treatment options. In traditional system of medicine like Ayurveda, essential oil extracted from leaves of Cymbopogon nardus L. (Poaceae) has been using for the treatment of microbial infections, inflammation and pain. In this regard, we have evaluated anti-Candida and anti-inflammatory activity mediated wound healing property of C. nardus essential oil (EO-CN) on candidiasis of diabetic wounds. EO-CN was obtained through hydro-distillation and subjected to Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) analysis for chemical profiling. Anti-Candida activity of EO-CN was tested against Candida albicans, C. glabrata and C. tropicalis by in vitro zone of inhibition and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assays. Anti-candidiasis ability of EO-CN was evaluated on C. albicans infected diabetic wounds of mice through measuring candida load on the 7th, 14th, and 21st day of treatment. Further progression in wound healing was confirmed by measuring the inflammatory marker levels and histopathology of wounded tissues on last day of EO-CN treatment. A total of 95 compounds were identified through GC-MS analysis, with major compounds like citral, 2,6-octadienal-, 3,7-dimethyl-, geranyl acetate, citronellal, geraniol, and citronellol. In vitro test results demonstrated strong anti-Candida activity of EO-CN with a MIC value of 25 μg/ml against C. albicans, 50 μg/ml against C. glabrata and C. tropicalis. EO-CN treatment resulted in significant reduction of candida load on diabetic wounds. Acceleration in wound healing was indicated by declined levels of inflammatory cytokines at wounded area in EO-CN treated animals compared to non-treated group, which was further confirmed by histopathological examination. This study suggests that through significant anti-Candida and anti-inflammatory activity, EO-CN attenuates the growth of the fungus on diabetic wounds and simultaneously reduces the inflammation which leads to acceleration of the wound healing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghuram Kandimalla
- Drug Discovery Lab, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and TechnologyGuwahati, India
| | - Sanjeeb Kalita
- Drug Discovery Lab, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and TechnologyGuwahati, India
| | - Bhaswati Choudhury
- Drug Discovery Lab, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and TechnologyGuwahati, India
| | - Suvakanta Dash
- Girijananda Chowdhury Institute of Pharmaceutical ScienceGuwahati, India
| | | | - Jibon Kotoky
- Drug Discovery Lab, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and TechnologyGuwahati, India
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31
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Kandimalla R, Dash S, Kalita S, Choudhury B, Malampati S, Kalita K, Kotoky J. Bioactive Guided Fractions of Annona reticulata L. bark: Protection against Liver Toxicity and Inflammation through Inhibiting Oxidative Stress and Proinflammatory Cytokines. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:168. [PMID: 27445809 PMCID: PMC4916736 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Herbal medicine is popularized worldwide due to its ability to cure the diseases with lesser or no side effects. North Eastern part of India comes under one of the world biodiversity hotspots which is very rich in traditional herbal medicine. Annona reticulata L. (Annonaceae) is one such plant used for the treatment of inflammatory diseases, liver ailments and diabetes by traditional healers. The present study was aimed to scientifically validate this folk knowledge and to develop an herbal remedy through evaluating bioactive guided fractions of A. reticulata (AR) bark against hepatotoxicity and inflammation using in vitro and in vivo models. Results of this study demonstrates that among all fractions of AR bark, methanol extract and its water fraction possess strong anti-oxidant ability and showed protection against CCl4 induced toxicity in HepG2 cell lines and rats. Both the fractions also exhibit dose dependent anti-inflammatory activity against carrageenan induced inflammation in rats. Water fraction showed potent response in the entire tests conducted than methanol extract, which states that polar components of the AR bark methanol extract were responsible for these activities. Further, from the experiments conducted to elucidate the mechanism of action, the results revealed that AR bark showed liver protection and anti-inflammatory response through inhibiting the oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghuram Kandimalla
- Drug Discovery Laboratory, Life Sciences, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and TechnologyGuwahati, India
| | - Suvakanta Dash
- Girijananda Chowdhury Institute of Pharmaceutical ScienceGuwahati, India
| | - Sanjeeb Kalita
- Drug Discovery Laboratory, Life Sciences, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and TechnologyGuwahati, India
| | - Bhaswati Choudhury
- Drug Discovery Laboratory, Life Sciences, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and TechnologyGuwahati, India
| | - Sandeep Malampati
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist UniversityHong Kong, China
| | | | - Jibon Kotoky
- Drug Discovery Laboratory, Life Sciences, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and TechnologyGuwahati, India
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