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Dera N, Żeber-Lubecka N, Ciebiera M, Kosińska-Kaczyńska K, Szymusik I, Massalska D, Dera K, Bubień K. Intrauterine Shaping of Fetal Microbiota. J Clin Med 2024; 13:5331. [PMID: 39274545 PMCID: PMC11396688 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13175331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2024] [Revised: 08/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Mechanisms resulting from the physiological immaturity of the digestive system in children delivered before 32 weeks of gestation and, in particular, different interactions between the microbiome and the body have not been fully elucidated yet. Next-generation sequencing methods demonstrated the presence of bacterial DNA in the placenta and amniotic fluid, which may reflect bacterial populations that initiate intestinal colonization in utero. Numerous studies confirmed the hypothesis stating that intestinal bacteria played an important role in the pathogenesis of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) early- and late-onset neonatal sepsis (EONS and LONS). The model and scale of disorders within the intestinal microbiome are the subject of active research in premature infants. Neonatal meconium was primarily used as an indicator defining the environment in utero, as it is formed before birth. Metagenomic results and previous data from microbiological bacterial cultures showed a correlation between the time from birth to sample collection and the detection of bacteria in the neonatal meconium. Therefore, it may be determined that the colonization of the newborn's intestines is influenced by numerous factors, which may be divided into prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal, with particular emphasis put on the mode of delivery and contact with the parent immediately after birth. Background: The aim of this review was to collect available data on the intrauterine shaping of the fetal microbiota. Methods: On 13 March 2024, the available literature in the PubMed National Library of Medicine search engine was reviewed using the following selected keywords: "placental microbiome", "intestinal bacteria in newborns and premature infants", and "intrauterine microbiota". Results: After reviewing the available articles and abstracts and an in-depth analysis of their content, over 100 articles were selected for detailed elaboration. We focused on the origin of microorganisms shaping the microbiota of newborns. We also described the types of bacteria that made up the intrauterine microbiota and the intestinal microbiota of newborns. Conclusions: The data presented in the review on the microbiome of both term newborns and those with a body weight below 1200 g indicate a possible intrauterine colonization of the fetus depending on the duration of pregnancy. The colonization occurs both via the vaginal and intestinal route (hematogenous route). However, there are differences in the demonstrated representatives of various types of bacteria, phyla Firmicutes and Actinobacteria in particular, taking account of the distribution in their abundance in the individual groups of pregnancy duration. Simultaneously, the distribution of the phyla Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria is consistent. Considering the duration of pregnancy, it may also be concluded that the bacterial flora of vaginal origin dominates in preterm newborns, while the flora of intestinal origin dominates in term newborns. This might explain the role of bacterial and infectious factors in inducing premature birth with the rupture of fetal membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norbert Dera
- Department of Obstetrics, Perinatology and Neonatology, Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-809 Warsaw, Poland
- Warsaw Institute of Women's Health, 00-189 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Natalia Żeber-Lubecka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Clinical Oncology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Ciebiera
- Warsaw Institute of Women's Health, 00-189 Warsaw, Poland
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 00-189 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kosińska-Kaczyńska
- Department of Obstetrics, Perinatology and Neonatology, Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-809 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Iwona Szymusik
- Department of Obstetrics, Perinatology and Neonatology, Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-809 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Diana Massalska
- Warsaw Institute of Women's Health, 00-189 Warsaw, Poland
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 00-189 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kacper Dera
- Provincial Specialist Hospital in Olsztyn, 10-561 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Bubień
- Department of Obstetrics, Perinatology and Neonatology, Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-809 Warsaw, Poland
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Herrera-Serna BY, López-Soto OP, Rendón-Blandón DL, Alfonso-Galeano E, Salgado-Yepes LV, Chacón T. Association of birth and periodontal disease in Bolivia, Chile and Colombia. BIOMEDICA : REVISTA DEL INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE SALUD 2024; 44:355-367. [PMID: 39241238 DOI: 10.7705/biomedica.7418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/08/2024]
Abstract
Introducción. El parto prematuro es un problema médico, social y económico importante, causa gran mortalidad y morbilidad neonatal, tiene un impacto importante en el sistema de salud y afecta la calidad de vida de las familias. El peso de los recién nacidos de madres con enfermedad periodontal es significativamente menor en comparación con los de madres no afectadas por esta enfermedad bucal. Este resultado adverso se considera un problema de salud pública global según los datos epidemiológicos. Objetivo. Determinar la asociación entre la prevalencia de parto prematuro y la enfermedad periodontal en Bolivia, Chile y Colombia entre el 2000 y el 2020. Materiales y métodos. Este estudio ecológico consideró las poblaciones de mujeres de Bolivia, Chile y Colombia, y la prevalencia de partos prematuros y enfermedad periodontal, discriminadas por grupos de edad. El estudio abarcó el período entre el 2000 y el 2020. La estrategia de búsqueda con la herramienta de investigación del Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation incluyó prevalencia, grupos de edad, años entre 2000 y 2020, causas de parto prematuro y enfermedad periodontal, contexto y ubicaciones, mujeres y tasas. El análisis estadístico incluyó una regresión lineal simple entre parto prematuro y enfermedad periodontal para cada grupo de edad dentro de cada país. Resultados. Las tasas de partos prematuros fueron mayores en el grupo de 15 a 19 años (Bolivia: 697.563, Chile: 844.864, Colombia: 804.126). La prevalencia de la enfermedad periodontal aumentó con la edad, particularmente en el grupo de 45 a 49 años (Bolivia: 22'077.854, Chile: 34'297.901, Colombia: 32'032,830). Según los grupos de edad, la regresión lineal fue estadísticamente significativa (p < 0,001) para todos los grupos evaluados de la población boliviana, en los grupos mayores de 30 años para las colombianas y solo en el grupo de 15 a 19 años para las mujeres chilenas. Conclusión. Se encontró asociación entre el parto prematuro y la enfermedad periodontal en todos los grupos de edad en Bolivia, solo en el grupo de 15 a 19 años en Chile, y de 30 años y más en Colombia en el período evaluado de 20 años.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Tatiana Chacón
- Grupo de Investigación en Salud Oral, Universidad Autónoma de Manizales, Manizales, Colombia; Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Santo Tomás, Bucaramanga, Colombia
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Powell AM, Ali Khan FZ, Ravel J, Elovitz MA. Untangling Associations of Microbiomes of Pregnancy and Preterm Birth. Clin Perinatol 2024; 51:425-439. [PMID: 38705650 PMCID: PMC11070640 DOI: 10.1016/j.clp.2024.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
This review illuminates the complex interplay between various maternal microbiomes and their influence on preterm birth (PTB), a driving and persistent contributor to neonatal morbidity and mortality. Here, we examine the dynamics of oral, gastrointestinal (gut), placental, and vaginal microbiomes, dissecting their roles in the pathogenesis of PTB. Importantly, focusing on the vaginal microbiome and PTB, the review highlights (1) a protective role of Lactobacillus species; (2) an increased risk with select anaerobes; and (3) the influence of social health determinants on the composition of vaginal microbial communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maya Powell
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 North Wolfe Street, Phipps 249, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Fouzia Zahid Ali Khan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 North Wolfe Street, Phipps 249, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Jacques Ravel
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Genome Sciences, 670 West Baltimore Street, 3rd Floor, Room 3173, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Michal A Elovitz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women's Health Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Women's Biomedical Research Institute, 1468 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA.
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Park JS, Kim E, Kwon SJ, Heo JS, Ahn KH. Differences in maternal subgingival microbiome between preterm and term births: The MOHEPI study. J Periodontal Res 2024. [PMID: 38808521 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
AIM Periodontitis is a potential risk factor for preterm birth (PTB) in women; however, the causal relationship or the exact mechanism remain unknown. This study aimed to compare the oral microbiome features of mothers with full-term birth (FTB) with those who had preterm delivery. METHODS This study prospectively enrolled 60 women (30 mothers with PTB and 30 mothers with FTB), and subgingival plaque samples were collected and analysed by metagenomic 16S rDNA sequencing. Clinical measurements, including periodontal probing depth, clinical attachment level, modified gingival index (mGI) and plaque index, were performed to determine the periodontal state of the participants. Medical and obstetric data were collected as well. RESULTS Among the periodontal measurements, mGI score, reflecting the level of gingival inflammation, exhibited a statistically significant association with PTB (adjusted odds ratio 2.705, 95% confidence interval 1.074-6.811, p = .035). When subgroup analysis was conducted based on mean mGI scores (mGI ≥ 2, high inflammation [HI] versus mGI < 2, low inflammation [LI]), microbiome analysis revealed clear distinctions in microbial compositions between PTB and FTB mothers in both the HI and LI groups. Especially in the HI group, alpha diversity exhibited a decreasing trend in PTB mothers compared to FTB mothers. Beta diversity also revealed significant differences between the two groups. In Linear Discriminant Analysis Effect Size analysis, certain anaerobic taxa, including the genera Spirochaetes, Treponema and Porphyromonas, were relatively abundant in the FTB/HI group, whereas the PTB/HI group showed a high abundance of the order Actinomycetales. Network analysis showed that the FTB/HI had relatively stronger connectivity in microbial composition than the PTB/HI group. Dysbiosis ratio of plaque microbiome, in terms of periodontitis, was significantly lower in PTB/HI group compared to FTB/HI group. CONCLUSION The compositions of maternal subgingival microbiomes differed between PTB and FTB mothers in both the high and low levels of gingival inflammation groups. In the presence of high level of gingival inflammation, dysbiosis in plaque microbiome, in terms of periodontitis, was decreased in PTB mothers compared to FTB mothers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Soo Park
- Department of Periodontology, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunha Kim
- BK21 Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Neuroscience, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Ju Sun Heo
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pediatrics, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Hoon Ahn
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Varzakas T, Antoniadou M. A Holistic Approach for Ethics and Sustainability in the Food Chain: The Gateway to Oral and Systemic Health. Foods 2024; 13:1224. [PMID: 38672896 PMCID: PMC11049237 DOI: 10.3390/foods13081224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Food production is a complex matter, affecting people's lives, organizations' profits, and the well-being of the whole planet, and has multifaceted ethical considerations surrounding its production, distribution, and consumption. This paper addresses the pressing need to confront ethical challenges within the food system, encompassing issues such as environmental sustainability, food security, and individual food choices for better oral and systemic health of all individuals around the globe. From agricultural practices to global trade and food waste, ethical implications are addressed across various domains, highlighting the interconnectedness of ethical decision-making in the food industry. Central themes explored include the ethical dimensions of food production methods, the impact of global trade on food ethics, and the role of individuals in making ethically informed food choices. Additionally, this paper considers the spiritual and physical significance of food, particularly through the lens of oral health as a gateway to holistic well-being. Recognizing the complexity of the food and mouth ecosystem, this paper calls for serious interventions in legislation and economics to promote ethical protocols and techniques for sustainability reasons. It emphasizes the importance of ethical considerations in food safety management systems, regulatory frameworks, and quality standards. Moreover, this paper underlines the need for a comprehensive approach to address ethical dilemmas and moral values inherent in the food industry and oral health policies, adopting the precautionary principle and ethical decision-making frameworks. This article finally aims to serve as a call to action for stakeholders across the food industry and the healthcare sector, to prioritize ethical practices, promote transparency, rearrange economic parameters, and work towards a more sustainable and equitable food system for inner and outer oral and systemic health and human sustainability for all.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodoros Varzakas
- Department Food Science and Technology, University of the Peloponnese, 24100 Kalamata, Greece
| | - Maria Antoniadou
- Department of Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
- Certified Systemic Analyst Program in Systemic Management (CSAP), University of Piraeus, 18534 Piraeus, Greece
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Jia B, Tang L, Liu H, Zhu Y, Chen W, Chen Q, Li J, Zhong M, Yin A. Alterations and potential roles of microbial population of pregnant mouse saliva and amniotic fluid. Am J Reprod Immunol 2023; 90:e13782. [PMID: 37881125 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM Prenatal exposure to intrauterine inflammation (IUI) is a crucial event in PTB pathophysiology. However, the relationship between microflora and PTB is not fully elucidated. METHOD OF STUDY In this study, we established an intrauterine inflammation mouse model via LPS intrauterine injection. The saliva and amniotic fluid were collected for 16s RNA gene sequencing. The levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in mouse amniotic fluid were determined by ELISA assays. RESULTS Up to 60% of the operational taxonomic units (OTUs) in the saliva and amniotic fluid of PBS-treated mice were overlapped. LPS treatment-induced changes in the abundance of oral and amniotic fluid microorganisms. Both immune-associated probiotics, salivarius and mastitidis, were still detected in saliva (at significantly increased levels) after LPS-induced intrauterine inflammation and almost no probiotics of any type were detected in amniotic fluid, suggesting that the uterine cavity seems to be more susceptible to LPS compared to the oral cavity. Moreover, the abundance of pathogenic bacteria Escherichia coli was increased in both saliva and amniotic fluid after LPS treatment. The level of TNF-α and IL-1β in amniotic fluid is positively related to the amniotic fluid E. coli abundance. CONCLUSIONS The microbial composition of saliva and amniotic fluid of pregnant mice was similar. LPS-induced intrauterine inflammation decreased the consistency of microbial composition in mouse saliva and amniotic fluid, increased the abundance of E. coli in saliva and amniotic fluid, and decreased the abundance of immune-associated probiotics, especially in amniotic fluid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Jia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Lijun Tang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Huibing Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Yan Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Wenqian Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Mei Zhong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Ailan Yin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
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Koerner R, Prescott S, McSkimming D, Alman A, Duffy A, Groer M. The Salivary Microbiome During Pregnancy: Associations With Clinical and Sociodemographic Characteristics. J Perinat Neonatal Nurs 2023; 37:287-294. [PMID: 37878513 DOI: 10.1097/jpn.0000000000000715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Poor oral health has been associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes, and the oral microbiome may play a role in these mechanisms. We aimed to examine the salivary microbiome for alterations in diversity or relative abundance throughout pregnancy and its associations with adverse pregnancy outcomes and sociodemographic characteristics. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS We conducted an ancillary study from a previous cohort study of 37 women during their second and third trimesters of pregnancy using preexisting, participant-collected salivary samples to examine the oral microbiome using 16S rRNA sequencing. RESULTS The salivary microbiome demonstrated stability throughout pregnancy, as there were no significant differences in alpha or beta diversity. Individuals who were diagnosed with preeclampsia had differences in beta diversity at the genus level (F = 2.65, df = 1, P = .015). There were also differences in beta diversity at the species level in Hispanic individuals compared with non-Hispanic individuals (F = 1.7183, df = 1, P = .04). CONCLUSION The salivary microbiome demonstrated stability throughout the second and third trimesters but may be different in Hispanics or those diagnosed with preeclampsia. As such, clinical providers need to demonstrate culturally competent care during pregnancy and continue to educate women about the importance of oral healthcare during the perinatal period. Future research is needed to examine the mechanisms associated with oral microbiome dysbiosis in Hispanic women during pregnancy and in women with preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Koerner
- University of South Florida College of Nursing, Tampa, Florida (Drs Koerner, Prescott, Duffy, and Groer); State University of New York at Buffalo State, Buffalo (Dr McSkimming); and University of South Florida College of Public Health, Tampa (Dr Alman)
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Parry S, Jeffcoat M, Reddy MS, Doyle MJ, Grender JM, Gerlach RW, Tanna N, Geisinger ML, Geurs NC, Biggio J. Evaluation of an advanced oral hygiene regimen on maternity outcomes in a randomized multicenter clinical trial (Oral Hygiene and Maternity Outcomes Multicenter Study). Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM 2023; 5:100995. [PMID: 37127210 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajogmf.2023.100995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During pregnancy, dental plaque-induced gingivitis prevalence and subsequent risk of periodontal disease increases substantially, as a consequence of both inadequate oral hygiene and changes in sex steroid hormone levels. Although maternal periodontal disease has been associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes, including spontaneous preterm birth, previous clinical trials involving mechanical debridement (eg, scaling and root planing) to remove plaque biofilm have not yielded decreased rates of preterm birth. OBJECTIVE We hypothesized that an advanced oral hygiene program, including an antibacterial regimen coupled with a power toothbrush and hygiene instruction, may improve the periodontal milieu and reduce the rate of spontaneous preterm birth. Therefore, we conducted a clinical trial of obstetrical patients with moderate-to-severe gingivitis who were randomized to an advanced oral hygiene program vs usual oral hygiene care, and the primary obstetrical outcome compared between the treatment groups was gestational age at delivery. STUDY DESIGN Obstetrical patients with singleton pregnancies between 8 and 24 weeks' gestation were screened by trained dentists at 2 clinical sites for moderate-to-severe gingivitis (>30 intraoral sites with gingival bleeding on probing). Eligible participants were randomized to an advanced oral hygiene regimen, including antibacterial mouth wash, dental floss, antibacterial toothpaste, a power toothbrush, and intensive oral hygiene education vs standard oral home care instructions and regimen. The primary obstetrical outcome assessed was gestational age at delivery. The overall primary (dental) outcomes were gingival index, bleeding sites, and pocket depth (reported elsewhere). Secondary obstetrical outcomes included birthweight and incidence of preterm birth at <37 weeks' gestation. Regression models were utilized and included factors such as treatment group, gestational age at enrollment, preterm birth history, and potential markers of health disparities (ie, education, employment status). RESULTS A total of 817 obstetrical patients underwent dental screening at the 2 sites, 789 were identified with moderate-to-severe gingivitis, 746 were randomized, and birth outcomes were available for 613 of the study participants. The gestational age at delivery was 2 days earlier in the control group (P=.040), but the clinical significance of this finding was limited (39.13 vs 38.85 weeks). Overall rates of spontaneous preterm birth <37 weeks and <34 weeks were not statistically different between the 2 treatment groups (7.0% advanced oral hygiene regimen vs 10.3% controls, OR=1.63 (0.90-3.00), P=.11; and 2.3% vs 3.9%, OR=1.88 (0.71-4.98), P=.20, respectively). However, we observed lower rates of spontaneous preterm birth among unemployed participants with less favorable socioeconomic status (4.7% advanced oral hygiene regimen vs 16.0% controls, OR=4.04 (1.34-15.12), P=.01). CONCLUSION An advanced oral hygiene program may reduce the risk of spontaneous preterm birth among pregnant patients with moderate-to-severe gingivitis and health disparities. This is the same group that may be at highest risk of poor dental hygiene and preterm birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Parry
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (Dr Parry).
| | - Marjorie Jeffcoat
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (Drs Jeffcoat and Tanna)
| | - Michael S Reddy
- School of Dentistry, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL (Drs Reddy, Geisinger, and Geurs); University of California San Francisco School of Dentistry, San Francisco, CA (Dr Reddy)
| | - Matthew J Doyle
- The Procter and Gamble Company, Cincinnati, OH (Drs Doyle, Grender, and Gerlach)
| | - Julie M Grender
- The Procter and Gamble Company, Cincinnati, OH (Drs Doyle, Grender, and Gerlach)
| | - Robert W Gerlach
- The Procter and Gamble Company, Cincinnati, OH (Drs Doyle, Grender, and Gerlach)
| | - Nipul Tanna
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (Drs Jeffcoat and Tanna)
| | - Maria L Geisinger
- School of Dentistry, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL (Drs Reddy, Geisinger, and Geurs)
| | - Nicolaas C Geurs
- School of Dentistry, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL (Drs Reddy, Geisinger, and Geurs)
| | - Joseph Biggio
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL (Dr Biggio); Women's Services, Ochsner Health, New Orleans, LA (Dr Biggio)
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Yefet E, Bejerano A, Iskander R, Zilberman Kimhi T, Nachum Z. The Association between Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Infections in Pregnancy-Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1956. [PMID: 37630515 PMCID: PMC10458027 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11081956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the association between gestational diabetes mellitus and infections during pregnancy. We included cross-sectional, case-control, cohort studies and clinical trials, evaluating the frequency of infections in women with and without gestational diabetes mellitus. A search was conducted in Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science electronic databases and by manually searching references, until 23 March 2022, resulting in 16 studies being selected for review, with 111,649 women in the gestational diabetes mellitus group, and 1,429,659 in the controls. Cochrane's Q test of heterogeneity and I² were used to assess heterogeneity. Pooled odds ratio (OR) was calculated. Funnel plots and Egger test were used for assessment of publication bias. The results showed a significant association between gestational diabetes mellitus and infections (pooled-OR 1.3 95% CI [1.2-1.5]). Sub-analyses showed a significant association for urinary tract infections (pooled-OR of 1.2 95% CI [1.1-1.3]), bacterial infections (pooled-OR were 1.2 95% CI [1.1-1.4]), and SARS-CoV-2 (pooled-OR 1.5 95% CI [1.2-2.0]) but not to gingivitis or vaginal candidiasis. The results underscore the significance of acknowledging gestational diabetes mellitus as a risk factor for infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enav Yefet
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tzafon Medical Center, Poriya 1528001, Israel
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed 1311502, Israel
| | - Aviv Bejerano
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tzafon Medical Center, Poriya 1528001, Israel
| | - Rula Iskander
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Emek Medical Center, Afula 1834111, Israel (Z.N.)
| | - Tal Zilberman Kimhi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tzafon Medical Center, Poriya 1528001, Israel
| | - Zohar Nachum
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Emek Medical Center, Afula 1834111, Israel (Z.N.)
- Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa 3109601, Israel
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Wilson LF, Xu Z, Doust J, Mishra GD, Dobson A. Associations of socioeconomic and health factors with dental non-attendance: A comparison of three cohorts of women. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2023; 51:452-461. [PMID: 35880709 PMCID: PMC10946461 DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Most studies on factors influencing dental attendance are cross-sectional and focus on specific age groups. The associations between private ancillary health insurance, tobacco smoking, alcohol consumption and overweight/obesity with dental attendance were examined in three cohorts of Australian women of different ages using multiple waves of data over similar time periods. METHODS Data from 10 233, 12 378 and 7892 women born in 1973-1978, 1946-1951 and 1921-1926 participating in the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health were used. Poisson regression using generalized estimating equations was used to investigate factors associated with self-report of not visiting the dentist in the 12 months before completing each wave. RESULTS The role of dental non-attendance was higher in women without insurance (versus those with insurance) in all cohorts with adjusted rate ratios (RR) of 1.52 95% CI 1.48-1.57, RR 1.45 95% CI 1.41-1.49 and RR 1.32 95% CI 1.28-1.36 in the 1973-78, 1946-51 and 1921-26 cohorts respectively. Current smokers at any intensity (versus never smokers) had a higher risk of non-attendance and the risk was strongest for women in the 1946-51 cohort who smoked ≥20 cigarettes/day (RR 1.35 95% CI 1.30-1.41). Compared with low-risk drinkers, non-drinkers were more likely to be non-attenders, but only in the two older cohorts. Women who were overweight or obese (versus healthy weight) were more likely to be non-attenders in all cohorts, with the risk of non-attendance higher with increasing BMI. CONCLUSIONS This study emphasizes the continued need to address socioeconomic inequities in access to dental care, along with strategies to overcome barriers for those who are obese or smoke. In this study, barriers to access existed for women of all ages, indicating that interventions need to be appropriate across age groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Forsyth Wilson
- NHMRC Centre for Research Excellence on Women and Non‐communicable Diseases (CREWaND), School of Public HealthThe University of QueenslandHerstonQueenslandAustralia
| | - Zhiwei Xu
- NHMRC Centre for Research Excellence on Women and Non‐communicable Diseases (CREWaND), School of Public HealthThe University of QueenslandHerstonQueenslandAustralia
| | - Jenny Doust
- NHMRC Centre for Research Excellence on Women and Non‐communicable Diseases (CREWaND), School of Public HealthThe University of QueenslandHerstonQueenslandAustralia
| | - Gita Devi Mishra
- NHMRC Centre for Research Excellence on Women and Non‐communicable Diseases (CREWaND), School of Public HealthThe University of QueenslandHerstonQueenslandAustralia
| | - Annette Jane Dobson
- NHMRC Centre for Research Excellence on Women and Non‐communicable Diseases (CREWaND), School of Public HealthThe University of QueenslandHerstonQueenslandAustralia
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BRAVEMAN PAULA. The Black-White Disparity in Preterm Birth: Race or Racism? Milbank Q 2023; 101:356-378. [PMID: 37096619 PMCID: PMC10126979 DOI: 10.1111/1468-0009.12625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Policy Points Racism is an upstream determinant of health that influences health through many midstream and downstream factors. This Perspective traces multiple plausible causal pathways from racism to preterm birth. Although the article focuses on the Black-White disparity in preterm birth, a key population health indicator, it has implications for many other health outcomes. It is erroneous to assume by default that underlying biological differences explain racial disparities in health. Appropriate science-based policies are needed to address racial disparities in health; this will require addressing racism.
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12
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Giannella L, Grelloni C, Quintili D, Fiorelli A, Montironi R, Alia S, Delli Carpini G, Di Giuseppe J, Vignini A, Ciavattini A. Microbiome Changes in Pregnancy Disorders. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:463. [PMID: 36830021 PMCID: PMC9952029 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The human microbiota comprises all microorganisms, such as bacteria, fungi, and viruses, found within a specific environment that live on our bodies and inside us. The last few years have witnessed an explosion of information related to the role of microbiota changes in health and disease. Even though the gut microbiota is considered the most important in maintaining our health, other regions of the human body, such as the oral cavity, lungs, vagina, and skin, possess their own microbiota. Recent work suggests a correlation between the microbiota present during pregnancy and pregnancy complications. The aim of our literature review was to provide a broad overview of this growing and important topic. We focused on the most significant changes in the microbiota in the four more common obstetric diseases affecting women's health. Thus, our attention will be focused on hypertensive disorders, gestational diabetes mellitus, preterm birth, and recurrent miscarriage. Pregnancy is a unique period in a woman's life since the body undergoes different adaptations to provide an optimal environment for fetal growth. Such changes also involve all the microorganisms, which vary in composition and quantity during the three trimesters of gestation. In addition, special attention will be devoted to the potential and fundamental advances in developing clinical applications to prevent and treat those disorders by modulating the microbiota to develop personalized therapies for disease prevention and tailored treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Giannella
- Woman’s Health Sciences Department, Gynecologic Section, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Filippo Corridoni, 16, 60123 Ancona, Italy
| | - Camilla Grelloni
- Woman’s Health Sciences Department, Gynecologic Section, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Filippo Corridoni, 16, 60123 Ancona, Italy
| | - Dayana Quintili
- Woman’s Health Sciences Department, Gynecologic Section, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Filippo Corridoni, 16, 60123 Ancona, Italy
| | - Alessia Fiorelli
- Woman’s Health Sciences Department, Gynecologic Section, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Filippo Corridoni, 16, 60123 Ancona, Italy
| | - Ramona Montironi
- Woman’s Health Sciences Department, Gynecologic Section, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Filippo Corridoni, 16, 60123 Ancona, Italy
| | - Sonila Alia
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, Biology and Physics, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Tronto 10/A, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Giovanni Delli Carpini
- Woman’s Health Sciences Department, Gynecologic Section, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Filippo Corridoni, 16, 60123 Ancona, Italy
| | - Jacopo Di Giuseppe
- Woman’s Health Sciences Department, Gynecologic Section, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Filippo Corridoni, 16, 60123 Ancona, Italy
| | - Arianna Vignini
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, Biology and Physics, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Tronto 10/A, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Andrea Ciavattini
- Woman’s Health Sciences Department, Gynecologic Section, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Filippo Corridoni, 16, 60123 Ancona, Italy
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13
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Xiao X, Liu S, Deng H, Song Y, Zhang L, Song Z. Advances in the oral microbiota and rapid detection of oral infectious diseases. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1121737. [PMID: 36814562 PMCID: PMC9939651 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1121737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Several studies have shown that the dysregulation of the oral microbiota plays a crucial role in human health conditions, such as dental caries, periodontal disease, oral cancer, other oral infectious diseases, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, bacteremia, and low birth weight. The use of traditional detection methods in conjunction with rapidly advancing molecular techniques in the diagnosis of harmful oral microorganisms has expanded our understanding of the diversity, location, and function of the microbiota associated with health and disease. This review aimed to highlight the latest knowledge in this field, including microbial colonization; the most modern detection methods; and interactions in disease progression. The next decade may achieve the rapid diagnosis and precise treatment of harmful oral microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Xiao
- Department of Oral Mucosa, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Craniomaxillofacial Development and Diseases, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shangfeng Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Craniomaxillofacial Development and Diseases, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Deng
- Translational Medicine Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuhan Song
- Department of Oral Mucosa, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Craniomaxillofacial Development and Diseases, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Translational Medicine Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, China,Liang Zhang,
| | - Zhifeng Song
- Department of Oral Mucosa, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Craniomaxillofacial Development and Diseases, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Zhifeng Song,
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14
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Wen X, Fu X, Zhao C, Yang L, Huang R. The bidirectional relationship between periodontal disease and pregnancy via the interaction of oral microorganisms, hormone and immune response. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1070917. [PMID: 36778874 PMCID: PMC9908602 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1070917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontal disease has been suggested to be linked to adverse pregnancy outcomes such as preterm birth, low birth weight, and preeclampsia. Adverse pregnancy outcomes are a significant public health issue with important clinical and societal repercussions. This article systematically reviews the available epidemiological studies involving the relationship between periodontal disease and adverse pregnancy outcomes over the past 15 years, and finds a weak but independent association between adverse pregnancy outcomes and periodontal disease. The bidirectional association and the potential mechanisms are then explored, focusing on three possible mechanisms: inflammatory reaction, oral microorganisms and immune response. Specifically, elevated systemic inflammation and increased periodontal pathogens with their toxic products, along with a relatively suppressed immune system may lead to the disruption of homeostasis within fetal-placental unit and thus induce adverse pregnancy outcomes. This review also explains the possible mechanisms around why women are more susceptible to periodontal disease. In conclusion, pregnant women are more likely to develop periodontal disease due to hormonal changes, and periodontal disease has also been suspected to increase the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Therefore, in order to lessen the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes, both obstetricians and dentists should pay attention to the development of periodontal diseases among women during pregnancy.
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15
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Zhang Y, Wu YP, Feng V, Cao GZ, Feng XP, Chen X. Microbiota of preterm infant develops over time along with the first teeth eruption. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1049021. [PMID: 36620010 PMCID: PMC9813514 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1049021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The temporal growth of the infant microbiome in the early years of life influences short- and long-term infant health. The aim of this longitudinal study was to investigate bacterial dynamics in the microbiome of preterm infants during tooth eruption. Methods Saliva samples from normally delivered (n = 24) and preterm infants (n = 31) were collected 30 days after birth and after the eruption of two primary mandibular incisors. Based on Illumina MiSeq Sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene, the dynamic microbial changes of newborns at two-time points were investigated. Meanwhile, the Human Oral Microbiome Database was adopted for assigning taxonomy. Results Using alpha and beta diversity analyses, different shift patterns of microbiome structures in preterm and healthy participants and bacterial diversity over time were observed. The relative abundance and shifts trend, along with the two lower primary central incisors eruption, of core oral flora varies in full-term and preterm groups, including Gemella spp., Rothia mucilaginosa, Veillonella atypica, etc. Several microorganisms colonize later in the oral microbiome development of premature babies, such as Gemella spp. In addition to teeth eruption, the growth of the saliva microbiome in preterm infants could be influenced by breastfeeding durations and birth weight. Conclusion This study provided insights into how the oral microbiota changes during tooth eruption in preterm infants and how the colonization of the oral cavity with bacteria in preterm infants differs significantly from that in full-term infants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Xi Chen
- *Correspondence: Xi Chen, ; Xi-Ping Feng,
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16
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Moraitou M, Forsythe A, Fellows Yates JA, Brealey JC, Warinner C, Guschanski K. Ecology, Not Host Phylogeny, Shapes the Oral Microbiome in Closely Related Species. Mol Biol Evol 2022; 39:msac263. [PMID: 36472532 PMCID: PMC9778846 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msac263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Host-associated microbiomes are essential for a multitude of biological processes. Placed at the contact zone between external and internal environments, the little-studied oral microbiome has important roles in host physiology and health. Here, we investigate the roles of host evolutionary relationships and ecology in shaping the oral microbiome in three closely related gorilla subspecies (mountain, Grauer's, and western lowland gorillas) using shotgun metagenomics of 46 museum-preserved dental calculus samples. We find that the oral microbiomes of mountain gorillas are functionally and taxonomically distinct from the other two subspecies, despite close evolutionary relationships and geographic proximity with Grauer's gorillas. Grauer's gorillas show intermediate bacterial taxonomic and functional, and dietary profiles. Altitudinal differences in gorilla subspecies ranges appear to explain these patterns, suggesting a close connection between dental calculus microbiomes and the environment, likely mediated through diet. This is further supported by the presence of gorilla subspecies-specific phyllosphere/rhizosphere taxa in the oral microbiome. Mountain gorillas show a high abundance of nitrate-reducing oral taxa, which may promote adaptation to a high-altitude lifestyle by modulating blood pressure. Our results suggest that ecology, rather than evolutionary relationships and geographic distribution, shape the oral microbiome in these closely related species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markella Moraitou
- Animal Ecology, Department of Ecology and Genetics, Uppsala University, 75236 Uppsala, Sweden
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FL, United Kingdom
| | - Adrian Forsythe
- Animal Ecology, Department of Ecology and Genetics, Uppsala University, 75236 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - James A Fellows Yates
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Paleobiotechnology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology Hans Knöll Institute, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Jaelle C Brealey
- Department of Natural History, NTNU University Museum, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Christina Warinner
- Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Paleobiotechnology, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology Hans Knöll Institute, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Department of Anthropology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Katerina Guschanski
- Animal Ecology, Department of Ecology and Genetics, Uppsala University, 75236 Uppsala, Sweden
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FL, United Kingdom
- Science for Life Laboratory, 75237 Uppsala, Sweden
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17
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Huo Y, Jiang Q, Zhao W. Meta-analysis of metagenomics reveals the signatures of vaginal microbiome in preterm birth. MEDICINE IN MICROECOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medmic.2022.100065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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18
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Liu Y, Qv W, Ma Y, Zhang Y, Ding C, Chu M, Chen F. The interplay between oral microbes and immune responses. Front Microbiol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1009018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral microbes play a critical role in maintaining oral homeostasis. Microbial dysbiosis promotes disease pathogenesis through several mechanisms. Recent studies have revealed that microbial imbalance and sustained inflammation are involved in disease progression. The adverse interaction triggered by a host immune response to microorganisms can lead to oral and systemic diseases. Here, we reviewed how oral microbes communicate with hosts during the development of local and distant inflammation. Elucidation of these processes may reveal future directions in this field and the potential targets of novel biological therapies for oral and systemic diseases.
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Mahendra J, Mahendra L, Sharma V, Alamoudi A, Bahammam HA, Mugri MH, Bahammam SA, Bahammam MA, Zidane B, Abirami Nayaki RP, Muralidharan J, Dave PH, Balaji TM, Bhandi S, Patil S. Red-Complex Bacterial Levels in Pregnant Women With Preeclampsia and Chronic Periodontitis. Int Dent J 2022:S0020-6539(22)00229-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2022.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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20
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Fransson E, Gudnadottir U, Hugerth LW, Itzel EW, Hamsten M, Boulund F, Pennhag A, Du J, Schuppe-Koistinen I, Brusselaers N, Engstrand L. Cohort profile: the Swedish Maternal Microbiome project (SweMaMi) - assessing the dynamic associations between the microbiome and maternal and neonatal adverse events. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e065825. [PMID: 36288838 PMCID: PMC9615996 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-065825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The Swedish Maternal Microbiome (SweMaMi) project was initiated to better understand the dynamics of the microbiome in pregnancy, with longitudinal microbiome sampling, shotgun metagenomics, extensive questionnaires and health registry linkage. PARTICIPANTS Pregnant women were recruited before the 20th gestational week during 2017-2021 in Sweden. In total, 5439 pregnancies (5193 unique women) were included. For 3973 pregnancies (73%), samples were provided at baseline, and for 3141 (58%) at all three timepoints (second and third trimester and postpartum). In total, 38 591 maternal microbiome samples (vaginal, faecal and saliva) and 3109 infant faecal samples were collected. Questionnaires were used to collect information on general, reproductive and mental health, diet and lifestyle, complemented by linkage to the nationwide health registries, also used to follow up the health of the offspring (up to age 10). FINDINGS TO DATE The cohort is fairly representative for the total Swedish pregnant population (data from 2019), with 41% first-time mothers. Women with university level education, born in Sweden, with normal body mass index, not using tobacco-products and aged 30-34 years were slightly over-represented. FUTURE PLANS The sample and data collection were finalised in November 2021. The next steps are the characterisation of the microbial DNA and linkage to the health and demographic information from the questionnaires and registries. The role of the microbiome on maternal and neonatal outcomes and early-childhood diseases will be explored (including preterm birth, miscarriage) and the role and interaction of other risk factors and confounders (including endometriosis, polycystic ovarian syndrome, diet, drug use). This is currently among the largest pregnancy cohorts in the world with longitudinal design and detailed and standardised microbiome sampling enabling follow-up of both mothers and children. The findings are expected to contribute greatly to the field of reproductive health focusing on pregnancy and neonatal outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Fransson
- Centre for Translational Microbiome Research, Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Unnur Gudnadottir
- Centre for Translational Microbiome Research, Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Luisa W Hugerth
- Centre for Translational Microbiome Research, Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Science for Life Laboratory (SciLifeLab), Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eva Wiberg Itzel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Södersjukhuset AB, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marica Hamsten
- Centre for Translational Microbiome Research, Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Boulund
- Centre for Translational Microbiome Research, Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Science for Life Laboratory (SciLifeLab), Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alexandra Pennhag
- Centre for Translational Microbiome Research, Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Juan Du
- Centre for Translational Microbiome Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ina Schuppe-Koistinen
- Centre for Translational Microbiome Research, Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Science for Life Laboratory (SciLifeLab), Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nele Brusselaers
- Centre for Translational Microbiome Research, Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Global Health Institute, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Lars Engstrand
- Centre for Translational Microbiome Research, Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Science for Life Laboratory (SciLifeLab), Stockholm, Sweden
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Al Jallad N, Vasani S, Wu TT, Cacciato R, Thomas M, Lababede N, Lababede A, Xiao J. Racial and oral health disparity associated with perinatal oral health care utilization among underserved US pregnant women. QUINTESSENCE INTERNATIONAL (BERLIN, GERMANY : 1985) 2022; 53:892-902. [PMID: 35674161 PMCID: PMC9711931 DOI: 10.3290/j.qi.b3095001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study aims to identify specific determinants of dental care utilization during the perinatal period (prenatal and 1-year postnatal) among underserved US women residing in Upstate New York. METHOD AND MATERIALS The prospective cohort study included 186 low-income US pregnant women. Demographic-socioeconomic parameters and medical-dental conditions were obtained from questionnaires, electronic medical-dental records, and dental examinations. Multivariate regression analyses were used to assess factors associated with perinatal dental care utilization. As an exploratory effort, a separate logistic model assessed factors associated with adverse birth outcomes. RESULTS The results demonstrated unmet oral health needs among the underserved US pregnant women residing in Upstate New York. Despite an average of 2.7 ± 3.6 untreated decayed teeth per person during pregnancy, only 39.3% and 19.9% utilized prenatal and 1-year postnatal dental care, respectively. Previous dental care utilization was a notable factor contributing to a higher uptake of perinatal dental care at a subsequent period. Prenatal dental care utilization was significantly lower among African American women (odds ratio 0.43 [95% CI 0.19, 0.98], P = .04) and positively associated with dental caries severity (OR 2.40 [1.09, 5.12], P = .03). Postnatal utilization was associated with caries severity (OR 4.70 [1.73, 12.74], P = .002) and prevalent medical conditions (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and emotional conditions). Pregnant women who achieved prenatal caries-free status had a lower odds of experiencing adverse birth outcomes; however, this was an insignificant finding due to limited adverse birth cases. CONCLUSION Racial and oral health disparity is associated with perinatal oral health care utilization among underserved US pregnant women in New York. While both prenatal and postnatal dental care utilization was positively associated with oral health status, specifically, postnatal utilization was driven by existing medical conditions such as emotional condition, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. The results add to existing information on inherent barriers and postulated needs to improve access to perinatal oral care, thereby informing statewide recommendations to maximize utilization. Considering this is a geographically restricted population, the findings are particularly true to this cohort of underserved pregnant women. However, future more robust studies are warranted to assess effective strategies to further improve perinatal dental care utilization among underserved pregnant women.
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22
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Bonasoni MP, Comitini G, Pati M, Bardaro M, Russello G, Carretto E, Dalla Dea G, Palicelli A, Bernardelli G, Chesi E, Gargano G. Fulminant Sepsis and Perinatal Death at 23 Weeks Due to Fusobacterium nucleatum. Fetal Pediatr Pathol 2022; 42:456-463. [PMID: 36218233 DOI: 10.1080/15513815.2022.2131487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Fusobacterium nucleatum is a gram-negative anaerobe, a constituent of the oral microflora, responsible for chronic periodontal diseases. Case Report: We describe a preterm infant with premature rupture of membranes at 23 weeks of gestational age due to F. nucleatum. The newborn died soon after birth. Placental histopathology showed severe necrotizing chorioamnionitis and funisitis with gram-negative bacilli. After autopsy, F. nucleatum was microbiologically isolated from the lung. The mother had dental hygiene 1 day before delivery, presenting mild and diffuse gingivitis. At admission, she had leukocytosis, foul-smelling vaginal discharge, but no fever. Conclusion: This case highlights the possibility of F. nucleatum spreading from oral cavity after a dental procedure to the placenta with chorioamnionitis and fetal infection. This raises the question of whether dental procedures during pregnancy should be accompanied by prophylactic antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Giuseppina Comitini
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Mariangela Pati
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Marcellino Bardaro
- Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Russello
- Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Edoardo Carretto
- Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Giulia Dalla Dea
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy.,Pathology Unit, "Maggiore della Carità" Hospital, Novara, Italy
| | - Andrea Palicelli
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | | | - Elena Chesi
- Department of Obstetrics and Pediatrics, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Gargano
- Department of Obstetrics and Pediatrics, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
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Pereira MDL, Levy M, Nissapatorn V, de Oliveira GLV. Editorial: Women in microbiome in health and disease 2021. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:1054190. [PMID: 36304933 PMCID: PMC9593082 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1054190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Maria de Lourdes Pereira
- Centre for Research in Ceramics and Composite Materials (CICECO) - Aveiro Institute of Materials & Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Maayan Levy
- Microbiology Department, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Veeranoot Nissapatorn
- School of Allied Health Sciences and World Union for Herbal Drug Discovery [WUHeDD], Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
- *Correspondence: Gislane Lelis Vilela de Oliveira, ; Veeranoot Nissapatorn,
| | - Gislane Lelis Vilela de Oliveira
- Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences (IBILCE), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Sao Jose do Rio Preto, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Gislane Lelis Vilela de Oliveira, ; Veeranoot Nissapatorn,
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Itoh N, Akazawa N, Ishibana Y, Hamada S, Hagiwara S, Murakami H. Femoral osteomyelitis caused by oral anaerobic bacteria with mixed bacteremia of Campylobacter rectus and Parvimonas micra in a chronic periodontitis patient: a case report. BMC Infect Dis 2022; 22:613. [PMID: 35836203 PMCID: PMC9281128 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-022-07573-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Campylobacter rectus is a gram-negative rod, and Parvimonas micra is a gram-positive coccus, both of which are oral anaerobes that cause chronic periodontitis. Chronic periodontitis can cause bacteremia and systemic diseases, including osteomyelitis. Hematogenous osteomyelitis caused by anaerobic bacteria is uncommon, and to date, there have been no reports of mixed bacteremia with C. rectus and P. micra. Here, we report the first case of osteomyelitis of the femur caused by anaerobic bacteria with mixed bacteremia of C. rectus and P. micra caused by chronic periodontitis. Case presentation A 75-year-old man with chronic periodontitis, hyperuricemia, and benign prostatic hyperplasia was admitted to the hospital with a fracture of the left femur. The patient had left thigh pain for 4 weeks prior to admission. Left femoral intramedullary nail fixation was performed, and a large amount of abscess and necrotic tissue was found intraoperatively. The cultures of abscess specimens were identified as P. micra, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and C. rectus. C. rectus and P. micra were also isolated from blood cultures. C. rectus was identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry and 16 S ribosomal RNA sequencing. Sulbactam-ampicillin was administered for approximately 1 month, after which it was replaced by oral clavulanic acid-amoxicillin for long-term suppressive treatment. Conclusions Only five cases of bloodstream infection with C. rectus have been reported, and this is the first report of mixed bacteremia with P. micra. Clinicians should consider that chronic periodontitis caused by rare oral anaerobic bacteria can cause systemic infections, such as osteomyelitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Itoh
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, 1-1 Kanokoden, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8681, Japan. .,Collaborative Chairs Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan. .,Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, 1-1 Kanokoden, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8681, Japan.
| | - Nana Akazawa
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, 1-1 Kanokoden, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8681, Japan
| | - Yuichi Ishibana
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, 1-1 Kanokoden, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8681, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Hamada
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, 1-1 Kanokoden, Chikusa-ku, 464-8681, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Sumitaka Hagiwara
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, 1-1 Kanokoden, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8681, Japan
| | - Hiromi Murakami
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, 1-1 Kanokoden, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8681, Japan
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25
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Kumar M, Saadaoui M, Al Khodor S. Infections and Pregnancy: Effects on Maternal and Child Health. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:873253. [PMID: 35755838 PMCID: PMC9217740 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.873253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Pregnancy causes physiological and immunological adaptations that allow the mother and fetus to communicate with precision in order to promote a healthy pregnancy. At the same time, these adaptations may make pregnant women more susceptible to infections, resulting in a variety of pregnancy complications; those pathogens may also be vertically transmitted to the fetus, resulting in adverse pregnancy outcomes. Even though the placenta has developed a robust microbial defense to restrict vertical microbial transmission, certain microbial pathogens have evolved mechanisms to avoid the placental barrier and cause congenital diseases. Recent mechanistic studies have begun to uncover the striking role of the maternal microbiota in pregnancy outcomes. In this review, we discuss how microbial pathogens overcome the placental barrier to cause congenital diseases. A better understanding of the placental control of fetal infection should provide new insights into future translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Kumar
- Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
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26
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Zakaria ZZ, Al-Rumaihi S, Al-Absi RS, Farah H, Elamin M, Nader R, Bouabidi S, Suleiman SE, Nasr S, Al-Asmakh M. Physiological Changes and Interactions Between Microbiome and the Host During Pregnancy. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:824925. [PMID: 35265534 PMCID: PMC8899668 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.824925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, it has become clear that microbiome play a variety of essential roles in human metabolism, immunity, and overall health and that the composition of these microbiome is influenced by our environment, diet, weight, hormones, and other factors. Indeed, numerous physiological and pathological conditions, including obesity and metabolic syndrome, are associated with changes in our microbiome, referred to as dysbiosis. As a result, it is not surprising that such changes occur during pregnancy, which includes substantial weight gain and significant changes in metabolism and immune defenses. The present review relates physiological changes during pregnancy to alterations in the microbial composition at various sites, including the gut, oral cavity, and vagina. Pregnancy has been linked to such microbial changes, and we believe that, in contrast to certain disease states, these microbial changes are vital for a healthy pregnancy, probably through their influence on the mother’s immunological, endocrinological, and metabolic status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zain Zaki Zakaria
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University (QU) Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University (QU), Doha, Qatar
| | - Shouq Al-Rumaihi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University (QU) Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Rana S. Al-Absi
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University (QU), Doha, Qatar
| | - Huda Farah
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University (QU) Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Muram Elamin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University (QU) Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Rahaf Nader
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University (QU) Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Salma Bouabidi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University (QU) Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sara Elgaili Suleiman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University (QU) Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Shahd Nasr
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University (QU) Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Maha Al-Asmakh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University (QU) Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University (QU), Doha, Qatar
- *Correspondence: Maha Al-Asmakh,
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Reiss JD, Peterson LS, Nesamoney SN, Chang AL, Pasca AM, Marić I, Shaw GM, Gaudilliere B, Wong RJ, Sylvester KG, Bonifacio SL, Aghaeepour N, Gibbs RS, Stevenson DK. Perinatal infection, inflammation, preterm birth, and brain injury: A review with proposals for future investigations. Exp Neurol 2022; 351:113988. [DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2022.113988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Farhat S, Hemmatabadi M, Ejtahed HS, Shirzad N, Larijani B. Microbiome alterations in women with gestational diabetes mellitus and their offspring: A systematic review. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1060488. [PMID: 36568098 PMCID: PMC9772279 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1060488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a metabolic disorder that might predispose pregnant women to develop type 2 Diabetes Mellitus or lead to severe adverse outcomes in their offspring. One of the factors that have been thought to be involved in the pathology behind this disorder is the microbiome. In this systematic review, we comprehensively review the documents regarding the microbiota alterations in different tracts of pregnant women with GDM and their offspring. METHODS A comprehensive search was conducted in major databases including MEDLINE (PubMed), Scopus, and Web of sciences up to August 2021. Data on the demographics, methodology, and microbiome alterations were extracted and classified according to the type of microbiome in pregnant women with GDM and their offspring. The quality of studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). RESULTS In 49 articles which were retrieved, the findings were variable on the level of changes in alpha and beta diversity, enrichment or depletion in phyla, genera, species and OTUs, in each microbiome type. Although there were some inconsistencies among the results, a pattern of significant alterations was seen in the gut, oral, vaginal microbiome of women with GDM and gut, oral, and placental microbiome of their offspring. CONCLUSION Even though the alteration of the microbiome of the different tracts was seen in the cases of GDM, the inconsistency among the studies prevents us from identifying unique pattern. However, the results seem promising and further studies that overcome the confounding factors related to the demographics and methodology are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Farhat
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahboobeh Hemmatabadi
- Endocrine Research Center, Valiasr Hospital, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hanieh-Sadat Ejtahed
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- *Correspondence: Hanieh-Sadat Ejtahed, ; Nooshin Shirzad,
| | - Nooshin Shirzad
- Endocrine Research Center, Valiasr Hospital, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- *Correspondence: Hanieh-Sadat Ejtahed, ; Nooshin Shirzad,
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Khadija B, Badshah L, Siddiqa A, Rehman B, Anjum S, Saeed A, Hussain S, Faryal R. Dysbiosis in salivary bacterial diversity of postpartum females and its association with oral health problems and APOs. CURRENT RESEARCH IN MICROBIAL SCIENCES 2021; 2:100032. [PMID: 34841323 PMCID: PMC8610344 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmicr.2021.100032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigates the dysbiosis in salivary bacterial diversity by culture-dependent and independent methods. Culturable aerobic and facultative anaerobic bacterial diversity was studied in saliva collected from 267 postpartum and 54 nonpregnant females by using standard microbiological methods. For unculturable bacterial diversity, DNA from saliva samples of four selected females was sequenced by targeting V4 region of 16S rRNA. In postpartum females, S. mutans was significantly more prevalent. Its colonization was also seen significant among females having gingivitis (P < 0.01), dental caries (P < 0.01), and in those giving birth to low weight baby. In postpartum group, 65.16% females were culture positive for Staphylococcus, 12.73% Gram positive rods, 10.48% N. meningitides, 6.36% K. pneumoniae, 5.61% Enterobacter species and 2.62% E. coli. Isolates showed high biofilm forming ability and antibiotic resistance. Upon analysis of unculturable bacterial diversity, a total of 16 phyla and 156 genera were observed. Alpha diversity was decrease in postpartum female having oral health issues with pre-term low weight birth, compared to females with full term birth. Bray-Curtis dissimilarity was highest between female with dental issues and different pregnancy outcomes. Bacterial diversity and abundance altered among females with different oral health conditions and pregnancy outcomes, and also have pathogenic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bibi Khadija
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, University of Haripur, Haripur, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Lal Badshah
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Siddiqa
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Rehman
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Samiaa Anjum
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Anum Saeed
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Shahzad Hussain
- Drug Control and Traditional Medicine Department, National Institute of Health (NIH), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Rani Faryal
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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30
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Alrumayh A, Alfuhaid F, Sayed AJ, Tareen SUK, Alrumayh I, Habibullah MA. Maternal Periodontal Disease: A Possible Risk Factor for Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in the Qassim Region of Saudi Arabia. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2021; 13:S1723-S1727. [PMID: 35018063 PMCID: PMC8686975 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_838_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS In periodontal disease, pathogenic inflammatory factors hold a vital part in adverse pregnancy outcomes. In recent years, there has been a large amount of literature concerning the association between periodontal disease and adverse pregnancy outcomes such as preterm birth (PTB) and low-birth-weight baby (LBWB). In the Middle-east region, reports indicate a higher rate of adverse pregnancy outcomes, and periodontitis is believed to be one of several risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes. This cross-sectional, epidemiological study aimed to investigate the prevalence of periodontal diseases among pregnant women in the Qassim region and its association as a possible risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes. MATERIALS AND METHODOLOGY This was a cross-sectional, epidemiological study of 380 pregnant women from the 8th week postconception to parturition who were attending to Maternal and Children's Hospital in Buraidah, Qassim, KSA. The data were collected through questionnaire and oral examination. Plaque scores (Silness and Loe) and gingival disease scores (Ramfjord Periodontal Disease Index [PDI]) were used to assess oral hygiene status. The questionnaire data collected included gestational age, plaque control habits, previous incidences of premature birth, and awareness of expectant mothers about periodontal disease. RESULTS Data were collected for 380 participants. Our results based on the plaque index and PDI showed that all (100%) of these 380 pregnant women suffered periodontal diseases (gingivitis 78.9% and periodontitis 21.1%). The distribution of gingivitis was the highest among 3rd trimester patients and lowest among 1st trimester patients. Mild-to-moderate types of periodontitis (4 mm-5 mm) were more prevalent among the participants compared with severe (more than 6 mm) forms of periodontitis with a higher prevalence in the 3rd trimester (7-9 months) of gestational age. CONCLUSIONS A very strong significant association of pregnancy and periodontal disease in the Saudi population (Qassim Region) and periodontal disease is risk factor for PTB and LBWB for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulwahab Alrumayh
- Dental Surgeon, Interns Affairs Unit, College of Dentistry, Qassim University, Qassim, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia,Address for correspondence: Dr. Abdulwahab Alrumayh, College of Dentistry, Qassim University, KSA. E-mail:
| | - Fahad Alfuhaid
- Dental Surgeon, Interns Affairs Unit, College of Dentistry, Qassim University, Qassim, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arshad Jamal Sayed
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, College of Dentistry in Alrass, Qassim University, Qassim, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia, India
| | - Sabahat Ullah Khan Tareen
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, College of Dentistry in Alrass, Qassim University, Qassim, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia, India
| | | | - Mohammed Ali Habibullah
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, College of Dentistry in Alrass, Qassim University, Qassim, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia, India
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Le QA, Eslick GD, Coulton KM, Akhter R, Lain S, Nassar N, Yaacoub A, Condous G, Leonardi M, Eberhard J, Nanan R. DIFFERENTIAL IMPACT OF PERIODONTAL TREATMENT STRATEGIES DURING PREGNANCY ON PERINATAL OUTCOMES: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS. J Evid Based Dent Pract 2021; 22:101666. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jebdp.2021.101666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Influence of Gestational Hormones on the Bacteria-Induced Cytokine Response in Periodontitis. Mediators Inflamm 2021; 2021:5834608. [PMID: 34707462 PMCID: PMC8545568 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5834608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease that affects the supporting structures of teeth. The presence of a bacterial biofilm initiates a destructive inflammatory process orchestrated by various inflammatory mediators, most notably proinflammatory cytokines, which are upregulated in the gingival crevicular fluid, leading to the formation of periodontal pockets. This represents a well-characterized microbial change during the transition from periodontal health to periodontitis; interestingly, the gestational condition increases the risk and severity of periodontal disease. Although the influence of periodontitis on pregnancy has been extensively reviewed, the relationship between pregnancy and the development/evolution of periodontitis has been little studied compared to the effect of periodontitis on adverse pregnancy outcomes. This review is aimed at summarizing the findings on the pregnancy-proinflammatory cytokine relationship and discussing its possible involvement in the development of periodontitis. We address (1) an overview of periodontal disease, (2) the immune response and possible involvement of proinflammatory cytokines in the development of periodontitis, (3) how bone tissue remodelling takes place with an emphasis on the involvement of the inflammatory response and metalloproteinases during periodontitis, and (4) the influence of hormonal profile during pregnancy on the development of periodontitis. Finally, we believe this review may be helpful for designing immunotherapies based on the stage of pregnancy to control the severity and pathology of periodontal disease.
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Yao Y, Cai X, Ye Y, Wang F, Chen F, Zheng C. The Role of Microbiota in Infant Health: From Early Life to Adulthood. Front Immunol 2021; 12:708472. [PMID: 34691021 PMCID: PMC8529064 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.708472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
From early life to adulthood, the microbiota play a crucial role in the health of the infant. The microbiota in early life are not only a key regulator of infant health but also associated with long-term health. Pregnancy to early life is the golden time for the establishment of the infant microbiota, which is affected by both environmental and genetic factors. Recently, there is an explosion of the studies on the role of microbiota in human diseases, but the application to disease or health is relatively limited because many aspects of human microbiota remain controversial, especially about the infant microbiota. Therefore, a critical and conclusive review is necessary to understand fully the relationship between the microbiota and the health of infant. In this article, we introduce in detail the role of microbiota in the infant from pregnancy to early life to long-term health. The main contents of this article include the relationship between the maternal microbiota and adverse pregnancy outcomes, the establishment of the neonatal microbiota during perinatal period and early life, the composition of the infant gut microbiota, the prediction of the microbiota for long-term health, and the future study directions of microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Yao
- Department of Pharmacy, Women's Hospital School of Medicine Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Cai
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Cancer Center, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yiqing Ye
- Department of Pharmacy, Women's Hospital School of Medicine Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fengmei Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Women's Hospital School of Medicine Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fengying Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Women's Hospital School of Medicine Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Caihong Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Women's Hospital School of Medicine Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Clinical study showing a lower abundance of Neisseria in the oral microbiome aligns with low birth weight pregnancy outcomes. Clin Oral Investig 2021; 26:2465-2478. [PMID: 34622310 PMCID: PMC8898250 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-021-04214-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to examine the association between the oral microbiome and pregnancy outcomes, specifically healthy or preterm low birth weight (PLBW) in individuals with and without periodontal disease (PD). MATERIAL AND METHODS In this prospective clinical trial, we recruited 186 pregnant women, 17 of whom exhibited PD and delivered PLBW infants (PD-PLBW group). Of the remaining women, 155 presented PD and delivered healthy infants; 18 of these subjects with similar periodontal condition and age matched to the PD-PLBW group, and they became the PD-HD group. From the total group, 11 women exhibited healthy gingiva and had a healthy delivery (HD) and healthy infants (H-HD group), and 3 exhibited healthy gingiva and delivered PLBW infants (H-PLBW group). Periodontal parameters were recorded, and subgingival plaque and serum were collected during 26-28 gestational weeks. For the plaque samples, microbial abundance and diversity were accessed by 16S rRNA sequencing. RESULTS Women with PD showed an enrichment in the genus Porphyromonas, Treponema, and Filifactor, whereas women with healthy gingiva showed an enrichment in Streptococcus, Actinomyces, and Corynebacterium, independently of the birth status. Although no significant difference was found in the beta diversity between the 4 groups, women that had PLBW infants presented a significantly lower abundance of the genus Neisseria, independently of PD status. CONCLUSION Lower levels of Neisseria align with preterm low birth weight in pregnant women, whereas a higher abundance of Treponema, Porphyromonas, Fretibacterium, and Filifactor and a lower abundance of Streptococcus may contribute to periodontal disease during pregnancy. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The oral commensal Neisseria have potential in the prediction of PLBW.
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Sedghi L, DiMassa V, Harrington A, Lynch SV, Kapila YL. The oral microbiome: Role of key organisms and complex networks in oral health and disease. Periodontol 2000 2021; 87:107-131. [PMID: 34463991 PMCID: PMC8457218 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 71.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
States of oral health and disease reflect the compositional and functional capacities of, as well as the interspecies interactions within, the oral microbiota. The oral cavity exists as a highly dynamic microbial environment that harbors many distinct substrata and microenvironments that house diverse microbial communities. Specific to the oral cavity, the nonshedding dental surfaces facilitate the development of highly complex polymicrobial biofilm communities, characterized not only by the distinct microbes comprising them, but cumulatively by their activities. Adding to this complexity, the oral cavity faces near-constant environmental challenges, including those from host diet, salivary flow, masticatory forces, and introduction of exogenous microbes. The composition of the oral microbiome is shaped throughout life by factors including host genetics, maternal transmission, as well as environmental factors, such as dietary habits, oral hygiene practice, medications, and systemic factors. This dynamic ecosystem presents opportunities for oral microbial dysbiosis and the development of dental and periodontal diseases. The application of both in vitro and culture-independent approaches has broadened the mechanistic understandings of complex polymicrobial communities within the oral cavity, as well as the environmental, local, and systemic underpinnings that influence the dynamics of the oral microbiome. Here, we review the present knowledge and current understanding of microbial communities within the oral cavity and the influences and challenges upon this system that encourage homeostasis or provoke microbiome perturbation, and thus contribute to states of oral health or disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea Sedghi
- Department of Orofacial SciencesSchool of DentistryUniversity of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Vincent DiMassa
- Department of MedicineUniversity of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Anthony Harrington
- Department of MedicineUniversity of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Susan V. Lynch
- Department of MedicineUniversity of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Yvonne L. Kapila
- Department of Orofacial SciencesSchool of DentistryUniversity of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
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Wu S, Ding X, Kong Y, Acharya S, Wu H, Huang C, Liang Y, Nong X, Chen H. The feature of cervical microbiota associated with the progression of cervical cancer among reproductive females. Gynecol Oncol 2021; 163:348-357. [PMID: 34503848 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2021.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to characterize cervical microbiome feature of reproductive-age women in the progression of squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL) to cervical cancer. METHODS We characterized the 16S rDNA cervical mucus microbiome in 94 participants (age from 18 to 52), including 13 cervical cancer (CA), 31 high-grade SIL (HSIL), 10 low-grade SIL (LSIL), 12 HPV-infected (NH) patients and 28 healthy controls (NN). Alpha (within sample) diversity was examined by Shannon and Simpson index, while Beta (between sample) diversity by principle coordinate analysis (PCoA) of weighted Unifrac distances. Relative abundance of microbial taxa was compared using Linear Discriminant Analysis Effect Size (LEfSe). Co-occurrence analysis was performed to identify correlation among marker genera, and Phylogenetic investigation of communities by reconstruction of unobserved states (PICRUSt) to explore functional features and pathways of cervical microbiota. RESULTS Alpha diversity(p < 0.05) was higher in severer cervical pathology with lower relative abundance of Lactobacillus as well as higher of anaerobes. Beta diversity (p < 0.01) was significantly different. Marker genera were identified including Porphyromonas, Prevotella and Campylobacter of CA and Sneathia of HSIL. The correlation of differential functional pathways with Prevotella was opposite to that with Lactobacillus. CONCLUSION Our study suggests differences in cervical microbiota diversity and relative abundance of reproductive-age females in different stages of cervical carcinogenesis. Marker genera might participate in the lesion progression and will be helpful for diagnosis, prevention and treatment. These findings may lead the way to further study of the cervical microbiome in development of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sikao Wu
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xuewen Ding
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Ying Kong
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Sanam Acharya
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Huaqian Wu
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Chunning Huang
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yuanyuan Liang
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xianxian Nong
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
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Chen W, Wei K, He X, Wei J, Yang L, Li L, Chen T, Tan B. Identification of Uterine Microbiota in Infertile Women Receiving in vitro Fertilization With and Without Chronic Endometritis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:693267. [PMID: 34485281 PMCID: PMC8409574 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.693267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
In vitro fertilization (IVF) is an important assisted reproductive technology in treating infertility, whose failure rate is still high. Studies suggested that uterine microbiota are related to women’s reproductive diseases and persisting intrauterine bacterial infectious conditions, such as chronic endometritis (CE), impairing the pregnant processes. However, the relationship between uterine microbiota and IVF outcomes is still an open question. In the present study, 94 patients diagnosed with infertility were enrolled and were divided into CE (E group, n = 25) and non-CE (NE group, n = 69) groups depending on the hysteroscopy and immunohistochemistry. Subsequently, E (Ep, n = 8 and Enp, n = 17) and NE (NEp, n = 41 and NEnp, n = 28) groups were divided into pregnancy and non-pregnancy groups depending on the IVF outcomes, respectively. The uterine fluids were collected and microbial profiles were examined through the V4 region of 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing. The results demonstrated that patients with CE had significantly lower clinical pregnancy rate compared with the non-CE patients (32 vs. 58.42%, p = 0.0014). The relative abundances of Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria were higher in the non-CE group, whereas high abundances of Actinobacteria and Fusobacteria were observed in the CE group at the phylum level. At the genus level, high relative abundances of Gardnerella were observed in the CE group and non-pregnancy groups, which significantly referred to the negative IVF outcome. In conclusion, CE may be a key factor for the negative outcome after IVF, of which the uterine microbiota plays a pivotal role, and the microbial diversity in uterine may serve as a biomarker to forecast the success of IVF outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijun Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,The Reproductive Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Kehong Wei
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xia He
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jing Wei
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Lijuan Yang
- The Reproductive Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Lin Li
- The Reproductive Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Tingtao Chen
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Buzhen Tan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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Bhagirath AY, Medapati MR, de Jesus VC, Yadav S, Hinton M, Dakshinamurti S, Atukorallaya D. Role of Maternal Infections and Inflammatory Responses on Craniofacial Development. FRONTIERS IN ORAL HEALTH 2021; 2:735634. [PMID: 35048051 PMCID: PMC8757860 DOI: 10.3389/froh.2021.735634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pregnancy is a tightly regulated immunological state. Mild environmental perturbations can affect the developing fetus significantly. Infections can elicit severe immunological cascades in the mother's body as well as the developing fetus. Maternal infections and resulting inflammatory responses can mediate epigenetic changes in the fetal genome, depending on the developmental stage. The craniofacial development begins at the early stages of embryogenesis. In this review, we will discuss the immunology of pregnancy and its responsive mechanisms on maternal infections. Further, we will also discuss the epigenetic effects of pathogens, their metabolites and resulting inflammatory responses on the fetus with a special focus on craniofacial development. Understanding the pathophysiological mechanisms of infections and dysregulated inflammatory responses during prenatal development could provide better insights into the origins of craniofacial birth defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Y. Bhagirath
- Department of Pediatrics and Physiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Biology of Breathing, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba (CHRIM), Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Department of Oral Biology, Dr. Gerald Niznick College of Dentistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Manoj Reddy Medapati
- Biology of Breathing, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba (CHRIM), Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Department of Oral Biology, Dr. Gerald Niznick College of Dentistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Vivianne Cruz de Jesus
- Biology of Breathing, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba (CHRIM), Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Department of Oral Biology, Dr. Gerald Niznick College of Dentistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Sneha Yadav
- Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, India
| | - Martha Hinton
- Department of Pediatrics and Physiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Biology of Breathing, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba (CHRIM), Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Shyamala Dakshinamurti
- Department of Pediatrics and Physiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Biology of Breathing, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba (CHRIM), Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Devi Atukorallaya
- Biology of Breathing, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba (CHRIM), Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Department of Oral Biology, Dr. Gerald Niznick College of Dentistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
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Braveman P, Dominguez TP, Burke W, Dolan SM, Stevenson DK, Jackson FM, Collins JW, Driscoll DA, Haley T, Acker J, Shaw GM, McCabe ERB, Hay WW, Thornburg K, Acevedo-Garcia D, Cordero JF, Wise PH, Legaz G, Rashied-Henry K, Frost J, Verbiest S, Waddell L. Explaining the Black-White Disparity in Preterm Birth: A Consensus Statement From a Multi-Disciplinary Scientific Work Group Convened by the March of Dimes. FRONTIERS IN REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH 2021; 3:684207. [PMID: 36303973 PMCID: PMC9580804 DOI: 10.3389/frph.2021.684207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In 2017-2019, the March of Dimes convened a workgroup with biomedical, clinical, and epidemiologic expertise to review knowledge of the causes of the persistent Black-White disparity in preterm birth (PTB). Multiple databases were searched to identify hypothesized causes examined in peer-reviewed literature, 33 hypothesized causes were reviewed for whether they plausibly affect PTB and either occur more/less frequently and/or have a larger/smaller effect size among Black women vs. White women. While definitive proof is lacking for most potential causes, most are biologically plausible. No single downstream or midstream factor explains the disparity or its social patterning, however, many likely play limited roles, e.g., while genetic factors likely contribute to PTB, they explain at most a small fraction of the disparity. Research links most hypothesized midstream causes, including socioeconomic factors and stress, with the disparity through their influence on the hypothesized downstream factors. Socioeconomic factors alone cannot explain the disparity's social patterning. Chronic stress could affect PTB through neuroendocrine and immune mechanisms leading to inflammation and immune dysfunction, stress could alter a woman's microbiota, immune response to infection, chronic disease risks, and behaviors, and trigger epigenetic changes influencing PTB risk. As an upstream factor, racism in multiple forms has repeatedly been linked with the plausible midstream/downstream factors, including socioeconomic disadvantage, stress, and toxic exposures. Racism is the only factor identified that directly or indirectly could explain the racial disparities in the plausible midstream/downstream causes and the observed social patterning. Historical and contemporary systemic racism can explain the racial disparities in socioeconomic opportunities that differentially expose African Americans to lifelong financial stress and associated health-harming conditions. Segregation places Black women in stressful surroundings and exposes them to environmental hazards. Race-based discriminatory treatment is a pervasive stressor for Black women of all socioeconomic levels, considering both incidents and the constant vigilance needed to prepare oneself for potential incidents. Racism is a highly plausible, major upstream contributor to the Black-White disparity in PTB through multiple pathways and biological mechanisms. While much is unknown, existing knowledge and core values (equity, justice) support addressing racism in efforts to eliminate the racial disparity in PTB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Braveman
- School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Tyan Parker Dominguez
- USC Suzanne Dworak-Peck School of Social Work, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Wylie Burke
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Siobhan M. Dolan
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | | | | | - James W. Collins
- Northwestern University School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Deborah A. Driscoll
- University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Terinney Haley
- School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Julia Acker
- School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Gary M. Shaw
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Edward R. B. McCabe
- David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | | | - Kent Thornburg
- School of Medicine, Oregon State University, Portland, OR, United States
| | | | - José F. Cordero
- University of Georgia College of Public Health, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Paul H. Wise
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Gina Legaz
- March of Dimes, White Plains, NY, United States
| | | | | | - Sarah Verbiest
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
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Zhou Y, Qi H, Yin N. Adaptations and alterations of maternal microbiota: From physiology to pathology. MEDICINE IN MICROECOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medmic.2021.100045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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Ye C, Kapila Y. Oral microbiome shifts during pregnancy and adverse pregnancy outcomes: Hormonal and Immunologic changes at play. Periodontol 2000 2021; 87:276-281. [PMID: 34463984 PMCID: PMC8457099 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Because of hormonal and immunologic changes, there are significant changes in the oral microbiome that emerge during pregnancy. Recent evidence further suggests that there is an association between the presence of periodontal disease and a pregnancy‐associated oral dysbiosis. Although this oral dysbiosis and pathogenic periodontal bacteria are considered to be associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes, it is still not clear how an oral dysbiosis during pregnancy can modulate oral diseases and birth outcomes. To develop preventive or therapeutic interventions, it is critical to understand the oral microbiome changes that emerge during pregnancy and their association with adverse pregnancy outcomes. In the present review, we summarize the current literature on normal changes in the oral microbiome that occur during pregnancy; the pathogenic changes in the oral microbiome believed to occur in association with adverse pregnancy outcomes; and the association between the placental microbiome and the oral microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changchang Ye
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California.,State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yvonne Kapila
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
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Jang H, Patoine A, Wu TT, Castillo DA, Xiao J. Oral microflora and pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:16870. [PMID: 34413437 PMCID: PMC8377136 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96495-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding changes in oral flora during pregnancy, its association to maternal health, and its implications to birth outcomes is essential. We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library in May 2020 (updated search in April and June 2021), and conducted a systematic review and meta-analyses to assess the followings: (1) oral microflora changes throughout pregnancy, (2) association between oral microorganisms during pregnancy and maternal oral/systemic conditions, and (3) implications of oral microorganisms during pregnancy on birth outcomes. From 3983 records, 78 studies were included for qualitative assessment, and 13 studies were included in meta-analysis. The oral microflora remains relatively stable during pregnancy; however, pregnancy was associated with distinct composition/abundance of oral microorganisms when compared to postpartum/non-pregnant status. Oral microflora during pregnancy appears to be influenced by oral and systemic conditions (e.g. gestational diabetes mellitus, pre-eclampsia, etc.). Prenatal dental care reduced the carriage of oral pathogens (e.g. Streptococcus mutans). The Porphyromonas gingivalis in subgingival plaque was more abundant in women with preterm birth. Given the results from meta-analyses were inconclusive since limited studies reported outcomes on the same measuring scale, more future studies are needed to elucidate the association between pregnancy oral microbiota and maternal oral/systemic health and birth outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoonji Jang
- Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Alexa Patoine
- Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Tong Tong Wu
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, USA
| | - Daniel A Castillo
- Miner Library, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Jin Xiao
- Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
- Perinatal Oral Health, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester, 625 Elmwood Ave, Rochester, 14620, USA.
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Thomas C, Minty M, Vinel A, Canceill T, Loubières P, Burcelin R, Kaddech M, Blasco-Baque V, Laurencin-Dalicieux S. Oral Microbiota: A Major Player in the Diagnosis of Systemic Diseases. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:1376. [PMID: 34441309 PMCID: PMC8391932 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11081376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The oral cavity is host to a complex and diverse microbiota community which plays an important role in health and disease. Major oral infections, i.e., caries and periodontal diseases, are both responsible for and induced by oral microbiota dysbiosis. This dysbiosis is known to have an impact on other chronic systemic diseases, whether triggering or aggravating them, making the oral microbiota a novel target in diagnosing, following, and treating systemic diseases. In this review, we summarize the major roles that oral microbiota can play in systemic disease development and aggravation and also how novel tools can help investigate this complex ecosystem. Finally, we describe new therapeutic approaches based on oral bacterial recolonization or host modulation therapies. Collaboration in diagnosis and treatment between oral specialists and general health specialists is of key importance in bridging oral and systemic health and disease and improving patients' wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Thomas
- INSERM UMR 1297 Inserm, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Avenue Jean Poulhès 1, CEDEX 4, 31432 Toulouse, France; (A.V.); (P.L.); (R.B.); (V.B.-B.)
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université Paul Sabatier III (UPS), 118 Route de Narbonne, CEDEX 9, 31062 Toulouse, France; (T.C.); (M.K.); (S.L.-D.)
- Service d’Odontologie Rangueil, CHU de Toulouse, 3 Chemin des Maraîchers, CEDEX 9, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Matthieu Minty
- INSERM UMR 1297 Inserm, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Avenue Jean Poulhès 1, CEDEX 4, 31432 Toulouse, France; (A.V.); (P.L.); (R.B.); (V.B.-B.)
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université Paul Sabatier III (UPS), 118 Route de Narbonne, CEDEX 9, 31062 Toulouse, France; (T.C.); (M.K.); (S.L.-D.)
- Service d’Odontologie Rangueil, CHU de Toulouse, 3 Chemin des Maraîchers, CEDEX 9, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Alexia Vinel
- INSERM UMR 1297 Inserm, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Avenue Jean Poulhès 1, CEDEX 4, 31432 Toulouse, France; (A.V.); (P.L.); (R.B.); (V.B.-B.)
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université Paul Sabatier III (UPS), 118 Route de Narbonne, CEDEX 9, 31062 Toulouse, France; (T.C.); (M.K.); (S.L.-D.)
- Service d’Odontologie Rangueil, CHU de Toulouse, 3 Chemin des Maraîchers, CEDEX 9, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Thibault Canceill
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université Paul Sabatier III (UPS), 118 Route de Narbonne, CEDEX 9, 31062 Toulouse, France; (T.C.); (M.K.); (S.L.-D.)
- Service d’Odontologie Rangueil, CHU de Toulouse, 3 Chemin des Maraîchers, CEDEX 9, 31062 Toulouse, France
- UMR CNRS 5085, Centre Interuniversitaire de Recherche et d’Ingénierie des Matériaux (CIRIMAT), Université Paul Sabatier, 35 Chemin des Maraichers, CEDEX 9, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Pascale Loubières
- INSERM UMR 1297 Inserm, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Avenue Jean Poulhès 1, CEDEX 4, 31432 Toulouse, France; (A.V.); (P.L.); (R.B.); (V.B.-B.)
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université Paul Sabatier III (UPS), 118 Route de Narbonne, CEDEX 9, 31062 Toulouse, France; (T.C.); (M.K.); (S.L.-D.)
| | - Remy Burcelin
- INSERM UMR 1297 Inserm, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Avenue Jean Poulhès 1, CEDEX 4, 31432 Toulouse, France; (A.V.); (P.L.); (R.B.); (V.B.-B.)
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université Paul Sabatier III (UPS), 118 Route de Narbonne, CEDEX 9, 31062 Toulouse, France; (T.C.); (M.K.); (S.L.-D.)
| | - Myriam Kaddech
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université Paul Sabatier III (UPS), 118 Route de Narbonne, CEDEX 9, 31062 Toulouse, France; (T.C.); (M.K.); (S.L.-D.)
- Service d’Odontologie Rangueil, CHU de Toulouse, 3 Chemin des Maraîchers, CEDEX 9, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Vincent Blasco-Baque
- INSERM UMR 1297 Inserm, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Avenue Jean Poulhès 1, CEDEX 4, 31432 Toulouse, France; (A.V.); (P.L.); (R.B.); (V.B.-B.)
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université Paul Sabatier III (UPS), 118 Route de Narbonne, CEDEX 9, 31062 Toulouse, France; (T.C.); (M.K.); (S.L.-D.)
- Service d’Odontologie Rangueil, CHU de Toulouse, 3 Chemin des Maraîchers, CEDEX 9, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Sara Laurencin-Dalicieux
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université Paul Sabatier III (UPS), 118 Route de Narbonne, CEDEX 9, 31062 Toulouse, France; (T.C.); (M.K.); (S.L.-D.)
- Service d’Odontologie Rangueil, CHU de Toulouse, 3 Chemin des Maraîchers, CEDEX 9, 31062 Toulouse, France
- INSERM UMR 1295, Centre d’Epidémiologie et de Recherche en Santé des Populations de Toulouse (CERPOP), Epidémiologie et Analyse en Santé Publique, Risques, Maladies Chroniques et Handicaps, 37 Allées Jules Guesdes, 31000 Toulouse, France
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Mahendra J, Mahendra L, Mugri MH, Sayed ME, Bhandi S, Alshahrani RT, Balaji TM, Varadarajan S, Tanneeru S, P. ANR, Srinivasan S, Reda R, Testarelli L, Patil S. Role of Periodontal Bacteria, Viruses, and Placental mir155 in Chronic Periodontitis and Preeclampsia-A Genetic Microbiological Study. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2021; 43:831-844. [PMID: 34449559 PMCID: PMC8929077 DOI: 10.3390/cimb43020060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies assessed the involvement and impact of periodontal bacteria in preeclamptic women with chronic periodontitis. To explore further, the current study aimed to associate periodontal viruses and bacteria with mir155 levels in placental tissues of preeclamptic women with generalized chronic periodontitis. Four-hundred 45 pregnant women, 18-35 years of age, were selected and divided into four groups (controls, A, B, and C) where the Controls included 145 systemically and periodontally healthy pregnant women Group A-100 systemically healthy pregnant women with chronic periodontitis, Group B- 100 preeclamptic women with chronic periodontitis, Group C- 100 preeclamptic women without chronic periodontitis. Age, BMI, SES, and periodontal parameters such as PI, BOP, PPD, and CAL were noted. Periodontal pathogens such as Tf, Td, Pg, Pi, Fn, HSV, EBV, and HCMV were tested in subgingival plaque, placental tissues, and mir155. We observed that PI, BOP, PPD, CAL, Tf, and EBV were highly significant in Group B. We found a higher number of periodontal bacteria, viruses, and mir 155 in Group B showing a higher risk of preeclampsia. More genetic studies in this field are advised to ascertain the role of periodontopathogens and mir 155 in preeclampsia and periodontal inflammation. What is already known on this subject? Periodontal diseases pose an increased risk of developing preeclampsia and delivering preterm and/or low-birth-weight babies. What do the results of this study add? Periodontal variables such as PI, pocket depth, BOP, and clinical attachment levels, were found to be increased in the preeclamptic women with chronic periodontitis. The significant difference was seen in the relative fold expression of mir155 with higher gene expression of mir155 in groups B and A as compared to group C and controls. What are the implications of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? In our study, mir155 correlation with the periodontal parameters and periodontal pathogens further strengthen the evidence of periodontal inflammation as a risk of preeclampsia in pregnant women especially when associated with chronic periodontitis. mir155 can be considered to be one of the genetic biomarkers and can be used as a diagnostic tool for the early detection of PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaideep Mahendra
- Department of Periodontology, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Chennai 600095, India; (A.N.R.P.); (S.S.)
- Correspondence: (J.M.); (S.P.)
| | - Little Mahendra
- Department of Periodontology, Maktoum Bin Hamdan Dental University College, Dubai 213620, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Maryam H. Mugri
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan 45412, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammed E. Sayed
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan 45412, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Shilpa Bhandi
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan 45412, Saudi Arabia;
| | | | | | - Saranya Varadarajan
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Sri Venkateswara Dental College and Hospital, Chennai 600130, India;
| | - Swetha Tanneeru
- Department of Periodontics, Narayana Dental College and Hospital, Nellore 534003, Andhra Pradesh, India;
| | - Abirami Nayaki Rao P.
- Department of Periodontology, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Chennai 600095, India; (A.N.R.P.); (S.S.)
| | - Sruthi Srinivasan
- Department of Periodontology, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Chennai 600095, India; (A.N.R.P.); (S.S.)
| | - Rodolfo Reda
- Department of Oral and Maxillo Facial Sciences, University of Rome La Sapienza, 00161 Rome, Italy; (R.R.); (L.T.)
| | - Luca Testarelli
- Department of Oral and Maxillo Facial Sciences, University of Rome La Sapienza, 00161 Rome, Italy; (R.R.); (L.T.)
| | - Shankargouda Patil
- Division of Oral Pathology, Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan 45412, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (J.M.); (S.P.)
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Gare J, Kanoute A, Meda N, Viennot S, Bourgeois D, Carrouel F. Periodontal Conditions and Pathogens Associated with Pre-Eclampsia: A Scoping Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18137194. [PMID: 34281133 PMCID: PMC8297070 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18137194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pre-eclampsia, the second most frequent direct source of maternal mortality, is a multisystem gestational disorder characterized by proteinuria and maternal hypertension after the 20th gestational week. Although the causes of pre-eclampsia are still discussed, research has suggested that the placenta has a central place in the pathogenesis of this disease. Moreover, current surveys indicated that periodontal disorders observed during the pregnancy and more particularly, periodontal pathogens could be link to the risk of pre-eclampsia. OBJECTIVES This article aims to review recent studies focusing on periodontal conditions and pathogens associated with pre-eclampsia. METHODS The process followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines. RESULTS Metabolic conditions, immunological changes, fluctuating progesterone and estrogen levels of the pregnant woman induce a dysbiosis of the oral microbiota and contribute to increase inflammation of periodontal tissues. Periodontal pathogens could diffuse through the bloodstream inducing a placenta inflammatory response as well as inflammatory molecules produced in response to periodontopathogens could migrate through the bloodstream leading to a placenta inflammatory response. Also, periodontopathogens can colonize the vaginal microbiota through the gastrointestinal tract or during oro-genital contacts. CONCLUSION A cumulative bi-directional relationship between periodontal conditions, pathogens and the pre-eclampsia exists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jocelyne Gare
- Laboratory P2S (Health Systemic Process), UR4129, University Claude Bernard of Lyon 1, University of Lyon, Lyon, France; (J.G.); (S.V.); (D.B.)
- Public Health Laboratory (LASAP), ED2S Doctoral School of Sciences and Health, University Joseph Ki Zerbo, Ouagadougou 7021, Burkina Faso;
| | - Aida Kanoute
- Public Health Service, Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dentistry, University Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar 10700, Senegal;
| | - Nicolas Meda
- Public Health Laboratory (LASAP), ED2S Doctoral School of Sciences and Health, University Joseph Ki Zerbo, Ouagadougou 7021, Burkina Faso;
| | - Stephane Viennot
- Laboratory P2S (Health Systemic Process), UR4129, University Claude Bernard of Lyon 1, University of Lyon, Lyon, France; (J.G.); (S.V.); (D.B.)
| | - Denis Bourgeois
- Laboratory P2S (Health Systemic Process), UR4129, University Claude Bernard of Lyon 1, University of Lyon, Lyon, France; (J.G.); (S.V.); (D.B.)
| | - Florence Carrouel
- Laboratory P2S (Health Systemic Process), UR4129, University Claude Bernard of Lyon 1, University of Lyon, Lyon, France; (J.G.); (S.V.); (D.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-4-78-78-57-44
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Yin C, Chen J, Wu X, Liu Y, He Q, Cao Y, Huang YE, Liu S. Preterm Birth Is Correlated With Increased Oral Originated Microbiome in the Gut. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:579766. [PMID: 34222033 PMCID: PMC8248533 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.579766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Preterm birth is one of the leading causes of perinatal morbidity and mortality. Gut microbiome dysbiosis is closely related to adverse pregnancy outcomes. However, the role of the gut microbiome in the pathogenesis of preterm birth remains poorly studied. Method We collected fecal samples from 41 women (cases presenting with threatened preterm labor =19, 11 of which delivered preterm; gestational age-matched no-labor controls, all of which delivered at term = 22) were recruited for the study. We performed 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing to compare the composition of the gut microbiome in threatened preterm labor cases and controls and among women who delivered preterm and at term. By annotating taxonomic biomarkers with the Human Oral Microbiome Database, we observed an increased abundance of potential oral-to-gut bacteria in preterm patients. Results Patients with preterm birth showed a distinct gut microbiome dysbiosis compared with those who delivered at term. Opportunistic pathogens, particularly Porphyromonas, Streptococcus, Fusobacterium, and Veillonella, were enriched, whereas Coprococcus and Gemmiger were markedly depleted in the preterm group. Most of the enriched bacteria were annotated oral bacteria using the Human Oral Microbiome Database. These potential oral-to-gut bacteria were correlated with clinical parameters that reflected maternal and fetal status. Conclusions This study suggests that patients who deliver preterm demonstrate altered gut microbiome that may contain higher common oral bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhua Yin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jingrui Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xuena Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yeling Liu
- Anatomy and Pathology Department, Jiangxi Health Vocational College, Nanchang, China
| | - Quan He
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ying Cao
- Nursing Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yi-E Huang
- Shenzhen Baoan Women's and Children's Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Sisun Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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Chen X, Daliri EBM, Tyagi A, Oh DH. Cariogenic Biofilm: Pathology-Related Phenotypes and Targeted Therapy. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9061311. [PMID: 34208588 PMCID: PMC8234214 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9061311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The initiation and development of cariogenic (that is, caries-related) biofilms are the result of the disruption of homeostasis in the oral microenvironment. There is a daily accumulation of dental biofilm on the surface of teeth and its matrix of extracellular polymers supports the host in its defense against invading microbes, thus helping to achieve oral microbial homeostasis. However, the homeostasis can be broken down under certain circumstances such as during long-term exposure to a low pH environment which results in the dominance of acidogenic and acid-tolerating species in the dental biofilm and, thus, triggers the shift of harmless biofilm to an acidic one. This work aims to explore microbial diversity and the quorum sensing of dental biofilm and their important contributions to oral health and disease. The complex and multispecies ecosystems of the cariogenic biofilm pose significant challenges for the modulation of the oral microenvironment. Promising treatment strategies are those that target cariogenic niches with high specificity without disrupting the balance of the surrounding oral microbiota. Here, we summarized the recent advances in modulating cariogenic biofilm and/or controlling its pathogenic traits.
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Fudaba M, Kamiya T, Tachibana D, Koyama M, Ohtani N. Bioinformatics Analysis of Oral, Vaginal, and Rectal Microbial Profiles during Pregnancy: A Pilot Study on the Bacterial Co-Residence in Pregnant Women. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9051027. [PMID: 34064634 PMCID: PMC8151423 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9051027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Preterm birth (PTB) and threatened preterm labor (TPL), an important pre-PTB state, are major obstetric complications during pregnancy. However, their triggers have not been fully elucidated. The vagina is dominated by Lactobacillus species (categorized as community state types; CSTs I, II, III, and V) or by mixed anaerobes (CST IV). An abundance of the latter is associated with bacterial vaginosis (BV) and BV-triggered PTB/TPL. To identify factors that influence the diversity of vaginal microbiota associated with BV and CST IV (BV-type) bacterial profile, we performed a bioinformatic analysis of the microbial taxa using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing data of bacterial genome in oral, vaginal, and rectal samples collected from 58 pregnant Japanese women. Interestingly, common residence of BV-associated bacteria in the vagina and rectum was individually detected in the CST IV (non-Lactobacillus dominated) group by species-level Spearman correlation coefficient analysis, suggesting that the rectum acts as a reservoir of BV-associated bacterial species in the CST IV group. The current study provides evidence of bacterial co-residence in vagina and rectum in the non-Lactobacillus dominated group, which could be targeted to reduce the risk of preterm incidence in pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megumi Fudaba
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka 545-8585, Japan; (M.F.); (D.T.); (M.K.)
| | - Tomonori Kamiya
- Department of Pathophysiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka 545-8585, Japan;
| | - Daisuke Tachibana
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka 545-8585, Japan; (M.F.); (D.T.); (M.K.)
| | - Masayasu Koyama
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka 545-8585, Japan; (M.F.); (D.T.); (M.K.)
| | - Naoko Ohtani
- Department of Pathophysiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka 545-8585, Japan;
- AMED-CREST, AMED, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan
- Correspondence:
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Multiple Brain Abscesses of Odontogenic Origin. May Oral Microbiota Affect Their Development? A Review of the Current Literature. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11083316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In the last few years, the role of oral microbiota in the setting of oral diseases such as caries, periodontal disease, oral cancer and systemic infections, including rheumatoid arthritis, cardiovascular disease and brain abscess (BA), has attracted the attention of physicians and researchers. Approximately 5–7% of all BAs have an odontogenic origin, representing an important pathological systemic condition with a high morbidity and mortality. A systematic search of two databases (Pubmed and Ovid EMBASE) was performed for studies published up to 5 January 2021, reporting multiple BAs attributed to an odontogenic origin. According to PRISMA guidelines, we included a total of 16 papers reporting multiple BAs due to odontogenic infections. The aim of this review is to investigate the treatment modality and the clinical outcome of patients with multiple BAs due to odontogenic infections, as well as to identify the most common pathogens involved in this pathological status and their role, in the oral microbiota, in the onset of oral infections. A multidisciplinary approach is essential in the management of multiple BAs. Further studies are required to understand better the role of microbiota in the development of multiple BAs.
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Park JY, Lee TS, Noh EJ, Jang AR, Ahn JH, Kim DY, Jung DH, Song EJ, Lee YJ, Lee YJ, Lee SK, Park JH. Receptor-interacting protein kinase 2 contributes to host innate immune responses against Fusobacterium nucleatum in macrophages and decidual stromal cells. Am J Reprod Immunol 2021; 86:e13403. [PMID: 33580557 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM Chorioamnionitis is caused by a bacterial infection that ascends from the vagina and can cause adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs). Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) is a periodontal pathogen associated with the occurrence of APOs. In this study, we evaluated whether receptor-interacting protein kinase 2 (Ripk2), an adaptor protein of the cytosolic receptors nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)1 and NOD2, in macrophages and human decidual stromal cells (hDSCs) contributes to immune responses against F. nucleatum. METHOD OF STUDY Bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) isolated from wild-type (WT) and Ripk2-deficient mice and hDSCs were cultured with F. nucleatum (MOI 1, 10, 100). BMDMs and hDSCs were assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Western blot analysis, real-time PCR, and nitrite assay. RESULTS Fusobacterium nucleatum-induced production of IL-6, but not of TNF-α and IL-10, was lower in Ripk2-deficient BMDMs than in WT cells. Western blotting revealed a decrease in F. nucleatum-induced p65 phosphorylation in Ripk2-deficient macrophages, whereas mitogen-activated protein kinases activation was comparable between WT and Ripk2-deficient cells. The production of nitric oxide (NO) in response to F. nucleatum and the gene and protein expression of inducible NO synthase was impaired in Ripk2-deficient BMDMs. In hDSCs, F. nucleatum upregulated the gene and protein expression of NOD1, NOD2, and Ripk2 in a time-dependent manner. F. nucleatum also increased the production of IL-6, CXCL8, and CCL2, whereas this production was decreased by the Ripk2 inhibitors SB203580 and PP2. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, Ripk2 signaling appears to contribute to the F. nucleatum-induced immune response and can be a preventive and therapeutic target against APOs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Yeon Park
- Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Sung Lee
- Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui Jeong Noh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ah-Ra Jang
- Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hun Ahn
- Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Yeon Kim
- Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Hyeon Jung
- Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Jung Song
- Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon-Ji Lee
- Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Ji Lee
- Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Ki Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Hwan Park
- Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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