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Kumar BV, Kadiyala P, Ponmalar P, Pauline L, Srinivasan S. Establishment of Age Specific Reference Interval for Aminoacids and Acylcarnitine in Dried Blood Spot by Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Indian J Clin Biochem 2024; 39:233-240. [PMID: 38577134 PMCID: PMC10987407 DOI: 10.1007/s12291-023-01128-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
The Extended Screening for Inborn Errors of Metabolism is done for aminoacidopathies, fatty acid oxidation disorders and organic acid disorders. In a single dried blood spot, the tandem mass spectrometry is capable of measuring multiple analytes like amino acids, acylcarnitines, nucleosides, succinylacetone and lysophosphatidylcholines. This study was proposed to establish age specific reference internal for aminoacids and acylcartinitine in dried blood spot by tandem mass spectrometry. A total of 480 apparently healthy children were enrolled for the study and sub classified into four groups as follows: Group A: 0-1 month, Group B: 1 month-1 year, Group C: 1-5 year and Group D: 5-12 years each having 120 participants. Sample size were calculated as per CLSI approved guidelines. Tables 1 and 2 presents the age-specific percentile distribution of aminoacids and acylcarnitines established from healthy subjects as per rank-based method recommended by the IFCC and CLSI. Tables 3, 4 and 5 presents the cut-off values of primary and secondary marker/ratios for screening of aminoacidopathies, fatty acid oxidation disorders and organic acid disorders respectively. As a general principle, the interpretation of extended newborn screening results should be based on age specific cut-off established by the laboratory for primary analyte concentration and secondary analyte concentration/ ratios. This study was useful in establishing age specific cut-off values for various amino acids and acylcarnitines in South Indian population. [Table: see text] [Table: see text] [Table: see text] [Table: see text] [Table: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Vinodh Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, ICH & HC, Madras Medical College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu India
| | - Pramila Kadiyala
- Department of Biochemistry, ICH & HC, Madras Medical College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu India
| | - P. Ponmalar
- Department of Biochemistry, ICH & HC, Madras Medical College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu India
| | - Leema Pauline
- Department of Neurology, ICH & HC, Madras Medical College, Chennai, India
| | - S. Srinivasan
- Department of Biochemistry, ICH & HC, Madras Medical College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu India
- NHM, ICH & HC, Madras Medical College, Chennai, India
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Srinivasan S, Acharya D, Butters E, Collins-Jones L, Mancini F, Bale G. Subject-specific information enhances spatial accuracy of high-density diffuse optical tomography. Front Neuroergon 2024; 5:1283290. [PMID: 38444841 PMCID: PMC10910052 DOI: 10.3389/fnrgo.2024.1283290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a widely used imaging method for mapping brain activation based on cerebral hemodynamics. The accurate quantification of cortical activation using fNIRS data is highly dependent on the ability to correctly localize the positions of light sources and photodetectors on the scalp surface. Variations in head size and shape across participants greatly impact the precise locations of these optodes and consequently, the regions of the cortical surface being reached. Such variations can therefore influence the conclusions drawn in NIRS studies that attempt to explore specific cortical regions. In order to preserve the spatial identity of each NIRS channel, subject-specific differences in NIRS array registration must be considered. Using high-density diffuse optical tomography (HD-DOT), we have demonstrated the inter-subject variability of the same HD-DOT array applied to ten participants recorded in the resting state. We have also compared three-dimensional image reconstruction results obtained using subject-specific positioning information to those obtained using generic optode locations. To mitigate the error introduced by using generic information for all participants, photogrammetry was used to identify specific optode locations per-participant. The present work demonstrates the large variation between subjects in terms of which cortical parcels are sampled by equivalent channels in the HD-DOT array. In particular, motor cortex recordings suffered from the largest optode localization errors, with a median localization error of 27.4 mm between generic and subject-specific optodes, leading to large differences in parcel sensitivity. These results illustrate the importance of collecting subject-specific optode locations for all wearable NIRS experiments, in order to perform accurate group-level analysis using cortical parcellation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sruthi Srinivasan
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Deepshikha Acharya
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Emilia Butters
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Liam Collins-Jones
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Flavia Mancini
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Gemma Bale
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Rajaram N, Srinivasan S, Verma S. Human navicular bone: a morphometric and morphological evaluation. Surg Radiol Anat 2024; 46:71-79. [PMID: 37968490 DOI: 10.1007/s00276-023-03259-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The composition of navicular joint complex is crucial to perform surgical interventions for multiple pathological foot aetiologies. The data on human navicular bone and its facets from Indian population remain scarce in literature. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To evaluate the morphometry and morphology of navicular bone. METHODOLOGY A total of 77 (right: 40; left: 37) dried human navicular bones were used. The collected data were entered and analysed in SPSS software. RESULTS The anteroposterior diameter of navicular bone on right side was 15.19 mm (13.92, 16.77) and on left side was 15.87 mm (13.83, 17.27). The transverse diameter on right and left sides were 34.21 mm (31.74, 36.6) and 33.59 mm (30.23, 35.43), respectively. The vertical diameter measured on the right was 22.31 mm (21.19, 23.94) and on left 22.53 mm (20.8, 24.24). Morphometric evaluation showed no significant difference between right and left navicular bones. The commonest shape for posterior facet was quadrilateral, on the right (62.5%) and left (40.5%). The most common shape of anterior facet for medial cuneiform is quadrilateral, on the right (85%) and left (89.1%). For intermediate cuneiform, triangular facet was common on the right side (72.5%) and on the left (59.5%). The lateral cuneiform facet was bean shaped on right side (72.5%) and quadrilateral on the left side (32.5%). There was a significant difference in shape distribution between right and left (P < 0.05). The median length of the groove for tibialis posterior tendon was 18.01 mm and 16.19 mm on right and left side, respectively. Cuboid facet was observed in 28 (70%) and 26 (65.9%) navicular bones on right and left sides, respectively. CONCLUSION There is no significant difference between right and left bones with regards to morphometric parameters. Morphological evaluation revealed significant difference in the distribution of shape between right and left bones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nandini Rajaram
- Department of Anatomy, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Pondicherry, 605006, India
| | - S Srinivasan
- Department of Anatomy, Saveetha Medical college, Chennai, India
| | - Suman Verma
- Department of Anatomy, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Pondicherry, 605006, India.
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Srinivasan S, Garofalo R, Williams R. Safe and Effective Management of Dry Eye Symptoms with Hydroxypropyl Guar and Hyaluronic Acid Dual-Polymer Lubricating Eye Drops: A Review of Preclinical and Clinical Studies. Clin Ophthalmol 2023; 17:3883-3898. [PMID: 38105908 PMCID: PMC10725649 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s428725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Dry eye disease (DED) is a chronic ocular surface disorder often characterized by decreased tear production and rapid tear evaporation that affect tear film stability and homeostasis. The common symptoms of DED include ocular discomfort, visual disturbances, dryness, and itching. Artificial tears are the mainstay of DED management and supplement one or more layers of the tear film. Artificial tear drops are available as a combination of viscosity-enhancing agents (demulcents/lubricants), humectants, and buffers either with or without preservatives. Artificial tears, as a combination of components (polymers/demulcents/viscosity-enhancing agents), can provide synergistic action compared with a single component for the management of multifactorial signs and symptoms of DED. This review describes the formulation components, physicochemical properties, mechanism of action, and summary of preclinical and clinical evidence on the hydroxypropyl guar-hyaluronic acid (HPG-HA) dual-polymer lubricant eye drops (SYSTANE™ HYDRATION). The dual-polymer eye drops consist of dual demulcents (propylene glycol and polyethylene glycol 400) and the polymers hydroxypropyl guar (HPG) and hyaluronic acid (HA). When instilled on the ocular surface, HPG forms a cross-linked gel matrix with borate ions that prolongs the retention of demulcents, thus providing long-lasting lubrication and ocular surface protection. Additionally, HA stabilizes the tear film, increases corneal wettability, and reduces friction during blinks due to its hygroscopic and viscoelastic properties. Preclinical evidence demonstrates that HPG HA dual-polymer lubricant eye drops provide protection against desiccation by cell hydration and surface retention, cell barrier protection, prolonged lubrication, and promotion of corneal re-epithelialization. Clinical scientific evidence demonstrates that HPG HA dual-polymer lubricant eye drops are safe and effective in the management of DED. Specifically, they reduce the signs and symptoms of DED, reduce dry eye symptoms post-cataract surgery, and improve tear film quality in healthy eyes.
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Ramprasadh SV, Rajakumar S, Srinivasan S, Susha D, Sharma S, Chourasiya R. Computer-Aided Multi-Epitope Based Vaccine Design Against Monkeypox Virus Surface Protein A30L: An Immunoinformatics Approach. Protein J 2023; 42:645-663. [PMID: 37615828 DOI: 10.1007/s10930-023-10150-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Monkeypox, a viral zoonotic disease resembling smallpox, has emerged as a significant national epidemic primarily in Africa. Nevertheless, the recent global dissemination of this pathogen has engendered apprehension regarding its capacity to metamorphose into a sweeping pandemic. To effectively combat this menace, a multi-epitope vaccine has been meticulously engineered with the specific aim of targeting the cell envelope protein of Monkeypox virus (MPXV), thereby stimulating a potent immunological response while mitigating untoward effects. This new vaccine uses T-cell and B-cell epitopes from a highly antigenic, non-allergenic, non-toxic, conserved, and non-homologous A30L protein to provide protection against the virus. In order to ascertain the vaccine design with the utmost efficacy, protein-protein docking methodologies were employed to anticipate the intricate interactions with Toll-like receptors (TLR) 2, 3, 4, 6, and 8. This meticulous approach led the researchers to discern an optimal vaccine architecture, bolstered by affirmative prognostications derived from both molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and immune simulations. The current research findings indicate that the peptides ATHAAFEYSK, FFIVVATAAV, and MNSLSIFFV exhibited antigenic properties and were determined to be non-allergenic and non-toxic. Through the utilization of codon optimization and in-silico cloning techniques, our investigation revealed that the prospective vaccine exhibited a remarkable expression level within Escherichia coli. Moreover, upon conducting immune simulations, we observed the induction of a robust immune response characterized by elevated levels of both B-cell and T-cell mediated immunity. Moreover, as the initial prediction with in-silico techniques has yielded promising results these epitope-based vaccines can be recommended to in vitro and in silico studies to validate their immunogenic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- S V Ramprasadh
- Department of Bioinformatics, BioNome, Bangalore, 560043, India
| | | | - S Srinivasan
- Department of Bioinformatics, BioNome, Bangalore, 560043, India
| | - D Susha
- Department of Bioinformatics, BioNome, Bangalore, 560043, India
| | - Sameer Sharma
- Department of Bioinformatics, BioNome, Bangalore, 560043, India.
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Ramya RK, Theraka K, Ramprasadh SV, Bharathi SV, Srinivasan S, Jacob S, Kuila A. Pragmatic Treatment Strategies for Polyaromatic Hydrocarbon Remediation and Anti-biofouling from Surfaces Using Nano-enzymes: a Review. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2023; 195:5479-5496. [PMID: 35138553 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-03848-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
In this review, two important environmental pollutants have been considered for its potential remediation using microbial-derived nano-enzymes. Firstly, polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are one of the major industrial contaminants in the environment due to their ubiquitous occurrence, toxicity, and proclivity for bioaccumulation. Secondly, biofouling due to biofilm-forming organisms that impact tremendous economic and environmental consequences in many industries, especially marine vessels where it causes an increase in hydrodynamic drag, which results in a loss of ship speed at constant power or a power increase to maintain the same speed with higher fuel consumption and emissions into the atmosphere, particularly Green House Gases (GHGs). Among the remediation strategies, biological routes are found to be promising, efficient, and sustainable. Natural ligninolytic enzymes such as MnP, LiP, laccase, peroxidases, and polysaccharide and protein degradative enzymes are found to be highly efficient for PAH degradation and antifouling respectively. However, large-scale usage of these enzymes is difficult due to various reasons like their poor stability, adaptation, and high-cost production of these enzymes. In recent years, the use of nanoparticles, particularly nano-enzymes, is found to be an innovative and synergistic approach to detoxify contaminated areas with concomitant maintenance of enzyme stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Khanna Ramya
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, College of Engineering and Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chengalpattu Dist, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Karthikeyan Theraka
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, College of Engineering and Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chengalpattu Dist, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Swaminathan Viji Ramprasadh
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, College of Engineering and Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chengalpattu Dist, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sundaramoorthy Vijaya Bharathi
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, College of Engineering and Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chengalpattu Dist, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Srinivasan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, College of Engineering and Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chengalpattu Dist, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Samuel Jacob
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, College of Engineering and Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chengalpattu Dist, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, 603203, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Arindam Kuila
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, Rajasthan, 304022, India.
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Butters E, Srinivasan S, O'Brien JT, Su L, Bale G. A promising tool to explore functional impairment in neurodegeneration: A systematic review of near-infrared spectroscopy in dementia. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 90:101992. [PMID: 37356550 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.101992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
This systematic review aimed to evaluate previous studies which used near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) in dementia given its suitability as a diagnostic and investigative tool in this population. From 800 identified records which used NIRS in dementia and prodromal stages, 88 studies were evaluated which employed a range of tasks testing memory (29), word retrieval (24), motor (8) and visuo-spatial function (4), and which explored the resting state (32). Across these domains, dementia exhibited blunted haemodynamic responses, often localised to frontal regions of interest, and a lack of task-appropriate frontal lateralisation. Prodromal stages, such as mild cognitive impairment, revealed mixed results. Reduced cognitive performance accompanied by either diminished functional responses or hyperactivity was identified, the latter suggesting a compensatory response not present at the dementia stage. Despite clear evidence of alterations in brain oxygenation in dementia and prodromal stages, a consensus as to the nature of these changes is difficult to reach. This is likely partially due to the lack of standardisation in optical techniques and processing methods for the application of NIRS to dementia. Further studies are required exploring more naturalistic settings and a wider range of dementia subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Butters
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Cambridge, 9 JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0FA, UK; Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Sruthi Srinivasan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Cambridge, 9 JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0FA, UK
| | - John T O'Brien
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Li Su
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Department of Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, 385a Glossop Rd, Broomhall, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Gemma Bale
- Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, 19 JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0FA, UK
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Mahendra J, Muralidharan J, Srinivasan S, Mahendra L, Cherian SM, Fathima L, Prakash P, Namasivayam A, Dave PH, Bedi M, Muralidharan H. Calprotectin and periostin levels in periodontitis patients with coronary artery disease. Oral Dis 2023. [PMID: 37499075 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to assess the effect of non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) on periodontal and cardiac parameters as well as on the expression of calprotectin and periostin levels in periodontitis patients with and without coronary artery disease (CAD). METHODS Ninety subjects were categorised into three groups: Group H: periodontally and systemically healthy subjects, Group P: stage III grade B periodontitis subjects with no associated systemic diseases and Group P + CAD: stage III grade B periodontitis subjects diagnosed with CAD. Demographic, periodontal and cardiac parameters were recorded at baseline (0 day) and on the 180th day after NSPT. Gingival crevicular fluid was collected from all participants at baseline (0 day) and after the 180th day. Calprotectin and periostin expression were reassessed. RESULTS A significant increase in the levels of calprotectin (34.05 ± 11.72) was seen at baseline in the P + CAD group, whereas on the contrary, a decreased periostin (1.59 ± 0.41) was also noted at baseline. The study also showed a significant improvement in periodontal and cardiac parameters on the 180th day following NSPT. CONCLUSION Detection of calprotectin and periostin expression in GCF samples could represent a link to the association of periodontitis and CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaideep Mahendra
- Department of Periodontology, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, India
| | - Janani Muralidharan
- Department of Periodontology, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, India
| | - Sruthi Srinivasan
- Department of Periodontology, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, India
| | - Little Mahendra
- Maktoum Bin Hamdan Dental University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sanjay M Cherian
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Frontier Lifeline Hospital, Chennai, India
| | - Lubna Fathima
- Department of Periodontology, Madha Dental College, Chennai, India
| | - Prashanthi Prakash
- Department of Periodontology, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, India
| | | | - Pavithra H Dave
- Department of Periodontology, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, India
| | - Muskan Bedi
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
| | - Harini Muralidharan
- Department of Pharmacy, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, India
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Srinivasan S. The vaccine mandates judgment: Some reflections. Indian J Med Ethics 2023; VIII:134-140. [PMID: 36880474 DOI: 10.20529/ijme.2022.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
This paper scrutinises the Supreme Court Judgment of May 2, 2022, in a vaccine mandate-related petition. The Hon'ble Court's Order reasserts the primacy of right to privacy and Articles 14 and 21 of the Constitution of India. However, in the interest of protection of communitarian health, the Court felt that the Government is entitled to regulate issues of public health concern by imposing certain limitations on individual rights, which are open to scrutiny by constitutional Courts. However, such mandatory vaccination directives with preconditions cannot invade an individual's right to personal autonomy and right to access means of livelihood, and must meet the threefold criteria laid down in K.S.Puttaswamy, a landmark judgment of 2017. This paper examines the validity of the arguments adopted in the Order and suggests certain infirmities therein. Nevertheless, the Order is a balancing act, and worth celebrating. The paper concludes, as a cup that is "a quarter full", as a victory for human rights and as a safeguard against unreasonableness and arbitrariness in medico-scientific decision-making that takes the citizen's compliance and consent for granted. If the State runs amok by way of mandatory health directives, this Order may come to the rescue of the hapless citizen.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Srinivasan
- All-India Drug Action Network (AIDAN); and LOCOST Vadodara, Gujarat, INDIA
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Mahawar B, Kannan A, Mahawar V, Srinivasan S. Intrathecal pain pumps in pain relief. Clin Radiol 2023; 78:240-244. [PMID: 36841671 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2023.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Chronic pain is a significant global health issue, described as a bio-psychosocial phenomenon that hampers the integration of body, mind, and social functions. To relieve chronic intractable pain, intrathecal drug-delivery devices (IDDDs) are the last resort after conventional treatment options have been exhausted. This article outlines the indications, pharmacological agents, types, techniques, preparation of the patient, and complications of IDDDs for the management of challenging chronic pain (non-neoplastic and cancer-related pain) conditions in patients who have not responded well to a commonly used conventional line of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Mahawar
- Interventional Pain and Palliative Care Department, Ramkrishna CARE Hospital, Raipur, 492001, India
| | - A Kannan
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, 169608, Republic of Singapore
| | - V Mahawar
- Radiodiagnosis and Intervention Radiology Department, Ramkrishna CARE Hospital, Raipur, 492001, India
| | - S Srinivasan
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, 90 Yishun Central, Singapore, 768828, Republic of Singapore.
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Srinivasan S, Butters E, Collins-Jones L, Su L, O’Brien J, Bale G. Illuminating neurodegeneration: a future perspective on near-infrared spectroscopy in dementia research. Neurophotonics 2023; 10:023514. [PMID: 36788803 PMCID: PMC9917719 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.10.2.023514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Dementia presents a global healthcare crisis, and neuroimaging is the main method for developing effective diagnoses and treatments. Yet currently, there is a lack of sensitive, portable, and low-cost neuroimaging tools. As dementia is associated with vascular and metabolic dysfunction, near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) has the potential to fill this gap. AIM This future perspective aims to briefly review the use of NIRS in dementia to date and identify the challenges involved in realizing the full impact of NIRS for dementia research, including device development, study design, and data analysis approaches. APPROACH We briefly appraised the current literature to assess the challenges, giving a critical analysis of the methods used. To assess the sensitivity of different NIRS device configurations to the brain with atrophy (as is common in most forms of dementia), we performed an optical modeling analysis to compare their cortical sensitivity. RESULTS The first NIRS dementia study was published in 1996, and the number of studies has increased over time. In general, these studies identified diminished hemodynamic responses in the frontal lobe and altered functional connectivity in dementia. Our analysis showed that traditional (low-density) NIRS arrays are sensitive to the brain with atrophy (although we see a mean decrease of 22% in the relative brain sensitivity with respect to the healthy brain), but there is a significant improvement (a factor of 50 sensitivity increase) with high-density arrays. CONCLUSIONS NIRS has a bright future in dementia research. Advances in technology - high-density devices and intelligent data analysis-will allow new, naturalistic task designs that may have more clinical relevance and increased reproducibility for longitudinal studies. The portable and low-cost nature of NIRS provides the potential for use in clinical and screening tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sruthi Srinivasan
- University of Cambridge, Department of Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Emilia Butters
- University of Cambridge, Department of Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- University of Cambridge, Department of Psychiatry, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Liam Collins-Jones
- University College London, Department of Medical Physics, London, United Kingdom
| | - Li Su
- University of Cambridge, Department of Psychiatry, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- University of Sheffield, Department of Neuroscience, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - John O’Brien
- University of Cambridge, Department of Psychiatry, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Gemma Bale
- University of Cambridge, Department of Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- University of Cambridge, Department of Physics, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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R V, Srinivasan S, N A. A short note on bioglass in Periodontics. Bioinformation 2023; 19:341-344. [PMID: 37808378 PMCID: PMC10557441 DOI: 10.6026/97320630019341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone augmentation grafts may act as space-maintaining devices to allow coronal migration of periodontal progenitor cells. The ideal bone replacement graft should be able to trigger osteogenesis, cementogenesis and formation of a functional periodontal ligament. It has been theorized that bioactive glass, which is a ceramic has bioactive properties that guide and promote osteogenesis allowing rapid formation of bone. Bioactive glass consists of sodium and calcium salts, phosphates and silicon dioxide for dental applications. When this material comes into contact with tissue fluids, the surface of the particles becomes coated with hydroxy carbonate apatite, incorporates organic ground proteins such as chondroitin sulfate and glycosaminoglycans and attracts osteoblasts that rapidly form bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijayalakshmi R
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College & Hospital, Maduravoyal, Chennai - 600095
| | - Sruthi Srinivasan
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College & Hospital, Maduravoyal, Chennai - 600095
| | - Ambalavanan N
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College & Hospital, Maduravoyal, Chennai - 600095
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13
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Rahmatpour N, Kuo LY, Kang J, Herman E, Lei L, Li M, Srinivasan S, Zipper R, Wolniak SM, Delwiche CF, Mount S, Li FW. Analyses of Marsilea vestita genome and transcriptomes do not support widespread intron retention during spermatogenesis. New Phytol 2023; 237:1490-1494. [PMID: 36451524 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Li-Yaung Kuo
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Jessica Kang
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Eliana Herman
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Lily Lei
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Muzi Li
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Sruthi Srinivasan
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Richard Zipper
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Stephen M Wolniak
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Charles F Delwiche
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Stephen Mount
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Fay-Wei Li
- Boyce Thompson Institute, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
- Plant Biology Section, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
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14
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Tombal B, Saad F, Fizazi K, Sternberg C, Crawford E, Gratzke C, Grabbert M, Vilaseca A, Shore N, Kopyltsov E, Bögemann M, Kapur S, Srinivasan S, Verholen F, Kuss I, Joensuu H, Smith M, Hussain M. Efficacy and safety of darolutamide (DARO) in combination with androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) and docetaxel (DOC) in patients (pts) with metastatic hormone sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) by metastatic burden: Subgroup analyses of ARASENS. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)01221-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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15
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Balasundaram A, Srinivasan S, Prasad A, Malik J, Kumar A. Hippocampus Segmentation-Based Alzheimer's Disease Diagnosis and Classification of MRI Images. Arab J Sci Eng 2023; 48:1-17. [PMID: 36619218 PMCID: PMC9810248 DOI: 10.1007/s13369-022-07538-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease represents a neurological condition characterized by steady cognitive decline and eventual memory loss due to the death of brain cells. It is one of the most prominent dementia types observed in patients and which hence underlines the imminent need for potential methods to diagnose the disease early on. This work considers a novel approach by utilizing a reduced version of one of the datasets used in this work to achieve a considerably accurate prediction while also enabling quicker training. It leverages image segmentation to isolate the hippocampus region from brain MRI images and then strikes a comparison between models trained on the segmented portions and models trained on complete images. This research uses two datasets-4 classes of images from Kaggle and a popular OASIS 2 MRI and demographic dataset. A deep learning-based approach was adopted to train the Kaggle dataset to perform severity classification, and the hippocampus region segmented from a reduced version of the OASIS dataset was trained on supervised and ensemble learning algorithms to detect Alzheimer's disease. The metric used for the assessment of model performance is classification accuracy. A comparative analysis between the proposed approach and existing work was also performed, and it was observed that the proposed approach is effective in the early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Balasundaram
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Center for Cyber Physical Systems, Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu India
| | - Sruthi Srinivasan
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Chennai, Tamil Nadu India
| | - A. Prasad
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Chennai, Tamil Nadu India
| | - Jahan Malik
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Chennai, Tamil Nadu India
| | - Ayush Kumar
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Chennai, Tamil Nadu India
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16
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Christy Evangeline N, Srinivasan S, Suresh E. Application of non-contact thermography as a screening modality for Diabetic Foot Syndrome – A real time cross sectional research outcome. Biomed Signal Process Control 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bspc.2022.104054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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17
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Mahendra J, Srinivasan S, Kanakamedala A, D N, Namasivayam A, Mahendra L, Muralidharan J, Cherian SM, Ilango P. Expression of trefoil factor 2 and 3 and adrenomedullin in chronic periodontitis subjects with coronary heart disease. J Periodontol 2022; 94:694-703. [PMID: 36565448 DOI: 10.1002/jper.22-0467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current study aims to determine the expression of trefoil factor 2 (TFF2), trefoil factor 3 (TFF3), and adrenomedullin (ADM) in salivary samples of periodontitis patients with and without coronary heart disease (CHD). METHODOLOGY A total of 75 patients were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria and divided into three groups of 25 patients each: generalized periodontitis (GP) only; GP+CHD; and CHD only. Demographic, periodontal, and cardiac parameters were recorded, and unstimulated saliva samples were collected and analyzed for the expression of TFF2, TFF3, and ADM. RESULTS Among the demographic variables, the means for age, weight, and body mass index were significantly different between the groups on statistical analysis. Plaque index, bleeding on probing, probing pocket depth, clinical attachment level, and the expression of TFF2 were highest in the GP+CHD group, and ADM was highest in the CHD group, with P values of < 0.01 as compared to the other groups. TFF2, TFF3, and ADM were also correlated with the demographic and periodontal parameters. CONCLUSIONS The study demonstrates significantly elevated levels of TFF2 in CHD and GP patients, and a higher expression of ADM in CHD patients only, suggesting the possibility of an underlying inflammatory mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaideep Mahendra
- Department of Periodontics, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sruthi Srinivasan
- Department of Periodontics, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Anilkumar Kanakamedala
- Department of Periodontics, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nalini D
- Central Research Laboratory, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ambalavanan Namasivayam
- Department of Periodontics, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Little Mahendra
- Dean, Department of Periodontics, Maktoum bin Hamdan Dental University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Janani Muralidharan
- Department of Periodontics, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sanjay M Cherian
- Dr. K.M. Cherian's Frontier Lifeline Hospitals, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Paavai Ilango
- Department of Periodontics, Priyadharshini Dental College and Hospital, Thiruvallur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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18
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Evangeline N C, Srinivasan S, Suresh E. Development of AI classification model for angiosome-wise interpretive substantiation of plantar feet thermal asymmetry in type 2 diabetic subjects using infrared thermograms. J Therm Biol 2022; 110:103370. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2022.103370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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19
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Srinivasan S, Hajam TA, Sathish S, Grewal RK. Synthesis, quantum mechanical calculations, molecular docking, Hirshfeld surface analysis and ADMET estimation studies of (E)-3-(anthracene-10-yl)-1-(napthalen-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-one. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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20
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Saravanan A, Kumar PS, Nhung TC, Ramesh B, Srinivasan S, Rangasamy G. A review on biological methodologies in municipal solid waste management and landfilling: Resource and energy recovery. Chemosphere 2022; 309:136630. [PMID: 36181855 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Rapid industrialization and urbanization growth combined with increased population has aggravated the issue of municipal solid waste generation. MSW has been accounted for contributing tremendously to the improvement of sustainable sources and safe environment. Biological processing of MSW followed by biogas and biomethane generation is one of the innumerable sustainable energy source choices. In the treatment of MSW, biological treatment has some attractive benefits such as reduced volume in the waste material, adjustment of the waste, economic aspects, obliteration of microorganisms in the waste material, and creation of biogas for energy use. In the anaerobic process the utilizable product is energy recovery. The current review discusses about the system for approaching conversion of MSW to energy and waste derived circular bioeconomy to address the zero waste society and sustainable development goals. Biological treatment process adopted with aerobic and anaerobic processes. In the aerobic process the utilizable product is compost. These techniques are used to convert MSW into a reasonable hotspot for resource and energy recovery that produces biogas, biofuel and bioelectricity and different results in without risk and harmless to the ecosystem. This review examines the suitability of biological treatment technologies for energy production, giving modern data about it. It likewise covers difficulties and points of view in this field of exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Saravanan
- Department of Sustainable Engineering, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, 602105, India
| | - Ponnusamy Senthil Kumar
- Green Technology and Sustainable Development in Construction Research Group, School of Engineering and Technology, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
| | - Tran Cam Nhung
- Faculty of Safety Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - B Ramesh
- Department of Sustainable Engineering, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, 602105, India
| | - S Srinivasan
- Department of Sustainable Engineering, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, 602105, India
| | - Gayathri Rangasamy
- University Centre for Research and Development & Department of Civil Engineering, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, Punjab, 140413, India
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21
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Wesley G, Bickle K, Downing J, Fisher B, Greene B, Heinrich C, Kading D, Kannarr S, Miller J, Modi S, Ludwick D, Tauber J, Yeh TN, Srinivasan S. Systane iLux Thermal Pulsation System in the Treatment of Meibomian Gland Dysfunction: A Post-Hoc Analysis of a 12-Month, Randomized, Multicenter Study. Clin Ophthalmol 2022; 16:3631-3640. [PMID: 36353670 PMCID: PMC9639411 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s379484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to demonstrate the effectiveness of Systane iLux, a thermal pulsation device, in patients with MGD, over 12 months post-single treatment. Methods This is a post-hoc analysis of a previous prospective, assessor-masked, parallel-group, multicenter study (NCT03956225) that compared the effectiveness and safety of iLux with LipiFlow in subjects with MGD. The original study included subjects with meibomian gland score (MGS) ≤12 in lower eyelids, Impact of Dry Eye on Everyday Life-Symptom Bother (IDEEL-SB) module score >16, and non-invasive tear break-up time (NITBUT) <10 seconds. Subjects were randomized (1:1) to receive a single bilateral treatment of iLux or LipiFlow. In this post-hoc analysis, mean changes in MGS, NITBUT (first break-up; seconds), IDEEL-SB module score, and corneal staining, from baseline to 12 months were analyzed post-single treatment with iLux. Results Data from 119 patients (n=238 eyes) treated with iLux were analyzed. The mean±SD age of the subjects was 58.4±13.4 years, with majority being female (79.0%). MGS (mean±SD) for both eyes improved significantly from baseline to 12 months (OD [baseline: 6.9±3.69; month 12: 22.8±11.31; change: 15.9±11.57, p<0.0001]; OS [baseline: 6.4±3.66; month 12: 23.0±11.33; change: 16.7±11.40, p<0.0001]). Similarly, significant improvements were observed in NITBUT (OD [baseline: 5.2±1.97; month 12: 7.0±3.68; change: 1.9±3.69, p<0.0001]; OS [baseline: 5.6±1.96; month 12: 7.9±4.58; change: 2.3±4.59, p<0.0001]) and IDEEL-SB score (p<0.0001). Corneal staining reduced significantly from baseline to 12 months (OD [baseline: 2.1±2.96; month 12: 0.7±1.56; change: -1.4±2.65, p<0.0001]; OS [baseline: 2.1±2.94; month 12: 0.7±1.44; change: -1.4±2.75, p<0.0001]). Improvements in MGS, NITBUT, IDEEL-SB module score, and corneal staining were seen as early as week 2, and at months 1, 3, 6, and 9 (all p<0.001). Conclusion A single treatment with iLux significantly improved clinical parameters of MGS, NITBUT, and corneal staining, and patient-reported symptom assessment with IDEEL-SB in patients with MGD over 12 months.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Bret Fisher
- Eye Center of N Florida, Panama City, FL, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Satish Modi
- Alterman, Modi & Wolter, Poughkeepsie, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | - Sruthi Srinivasan
- Alcon Research, LLC, Johns Creek, GA, USA,Correspondence: Sruthi Srinivasan, Alcon Research, LLC, 11460 Johns Creek Parkway, Johns Creek, GA, 30097, USA, Tel +1 678 415 5315, Email
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22
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Srinivasan S, Williams R. Propylene Glycol and Hydroxypropyl Guar Nanoemulsion - Safe and Effective Lubricant Eye Drops in the Management of Dry Eye Disease. Clin Ophthalmol 2022; 16:3311-3326. [PMID: 36237486 PMCID: PMC9553314 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s377960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Dry eye disease (DED) is a chronic condition of the ocular surface characterized by a loss of the tear film homeostasis and accompanied by symptoms such as eye discomfort and visual disturbances. DED is classified as aqueous deficient dry eye (ADDE), evaporative dry eye (EDE), and mixed dry eye etiologies. The mainstay treatment in the management of DED is artificial tear drops or lubricant eye drops that replenish the aqueous and/or lipid layer of the tear film. These are available as both lipid-based and non-lipid-based formulations, with/without preservatives. Lipid-based lubricant eye drops can stabilize the tear film lipid layer, reduce tear evaporation, and improve signs of EDE. In this review, we present the formulation components, mechanism of action, and summary of preclinical and clinical evidence on a lipid-based formulation - propylene glycol-hydroxypropyl guar (PG-HPG) nanoemulsion lubricant eye drops (SystaneTM Complete). These eye drops consist of the demulcent (lubricant), PG (0.6%). HPG forms a soft, thin, cross-linked in situ gel matrix with borate ions, when exposed to the tear film, which prolongs lubricant retention and provides ocular surface protection. Dimyristoyl phosphatidyl glycerol, an anionic phospholipid, helps in replenishing the lipid layer of the tear film. Moreover, the nanoemulsion formulation serves as a depot for delivery of dimyristoyl phosphatidyl glycerol to enhance ocular surface coverage. Preclinical and clinical evidence demonstrate that PG-HPG nanoemulsion lubricant eye drops are safe and effective in providing temporary relief of symptoms of DED, regardless of its subtypes. Specifically, it provides sustained reduction in dry eye symptoms, improves tear film stability/lipid layer grade, and improves ocular surface characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sruthi Srinivasan
- Alcon Research LLC, Johns Creek, GA, 30097, USA,Correspondence: Sruthi Srinivasan, Alcon Research LLC, 11460 Johns Creek Parkway, Johns Creek, GA, 30097, USA, Tel +1 678 415 5315, Email
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23
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Fizazi K, Smith M, Hussain M, Saad F, Sternberg C, Crawford E, Aragon-Ching J, Thiele S, Kapur S, Mohamed A, Srinivasan S, Li R, Kuss I, Joensuu H, Tombal B. 1360MO Quality of life and patient-relevant endpoints with darolutamide in the phase III ARASENS study. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.1492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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24
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Chawla S, Batty K, Alečković M, Bhadri V, Bui N, Guminski A, Mejía Oneto J, Srinivasan S, Strauss J, Subbiah V, Weiss M, Wilson R, Yee N, Zakharian M, Kwatra V. 1499P Phase I clinical & immunologic data of SQ3370 in advanced solid tumors. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.1602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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25
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Umapathi M, Kalarani MK, Srinivasan S, Kalaiselvi P. Alleviation of cadmium phytotoxicity through melatonin modulated physiological functions, antioxidants, and metabolites in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). Biometals 2022; 35:1113-1132. [PMID: 35951199 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-022-00428-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The rising concentration of cadmium (Cd) builds a harmful effect on human and plant health associated with food chain contagion. Melatonin (MT) is an indole compound. Hence, the experiment was conducted to understand the physiological and biochemical mechanism of Cd detoxification by exogenous MT in tomato. Pots were filled with 30 ppm of Cd spiked soil and different concentration of exogenous MT was given to the plants through seed treatment (250 ppm), foliar spray viz., 25, 50, and 100 ppm, and both, whereas the foliar spray was given at 30 days after transplanting (DAT) and 46 DAT. When the plants are exposed to Cd stress, it reduces the gas exchange characters. The results revealed that foliar spray of 25 ppm of exogenous MT recorded the highest photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, and osmotic potential. MT had a direct interaction with reactive oxygen species scavenging by elevating endogenous antioxidant enzymes as well as the metabolites in plants. The contribution of MT foliar spray of 25 ppm at 30 and 46 DAT can mitigate Cd stress and it has potential implications for ensuring food safety and food security in marginal agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Umapathi
- Department of Crop Physiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India.
| | - M K Kalarani
- Department of Crop Physiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India
| | - S Srinivasan
- Regional Research Station, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Aruppukottai, India
| | - P Kalaiselvi
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India
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26
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Wei KX, Magesan E, Lauer I, Srinivasan S, Bogorin DF, Carnevale S, Keefe GA, Kim Y, Klaus D, Landers W, Sundaresan N, Wang C, Zhang EJ, Steffen M, Dial OE, McKay DC, Kandala A. Hamiltonian Engineering with Multicolor Drives for Fast Entangling Gates and Quantum Crosstalk Cancellation. Phys Rev Lett 2022; 129:060501. [PMID: 36018659 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.060501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Quantum computers built with superconducting artificial atoms already stretch the limits of their classical counterparts. While the lowest energy states of these artificial atoms serve as the qubit basis, the higher levels are responsible for both a host of attractive gate schemes as well as generating undesired interactions. In particular, when coupling these atoms to generate entanglement, the higher levels cause shifts in the computational levels that lead to unwanted ZZ quantum crosstalk. Here, we present a novel technique to manipulate the energy levels and mitigate this crosstalk with simultaneous off-resonant drives on coupled qubits. This breaks a fundamental deadlock between qubit-qubit coupling and crosstalk. In a fixed-frequency transmon architecture with strong coupling and crosstalk cancellation, additional cross-resonance drives enable a 90 ns CNOT with a gate error of (0.19±0.02)%, while a second set of off-resonant drives enables a novel CZ gate. Furthermore, we show a definitive improvement in circuit performance with crosstalk cancellation over seven qubits, demonstrating the scalability of the technique. This Letter paves the way for superconducting hardware with faster gates and greatly improved multiqubit circuit fidelities.
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Affiliation(s)
- K X Wei
- IBM Quantum, IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598, USA
| | - E Magesan
- IBM Quantum, IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598, USA
| | - I Lauer
- IBM Quantum, IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598, USA
| | - S Srinivasan
- IBM Quantum, IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598, USA
| | - D F Bogorin
- IBM Quantum, IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598, USA
| | - S Carnevale
- IBM Quantum, IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598, USA
| | - G A Keefe
- IBM Quantum, IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598, USA
| | - Y Kim
- IBM Quantum, IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598, USA
| | - D Klaus
- IBM Quantum, IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598, USA
| | - W Landers
- IBM Quantum, IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598, USA
| | - N Sundaresan
- IBM Quantum, IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598, USA
| | - C Wang
- IBM Quantum, IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598, USA
| | - E J Zhang
- IBM Quantum, IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598, USA
| | - M Steffen
- IBM Quantum, IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598, USA
| | - O E Dial
- IBM Quantum, IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598, USA
| | - D C McKay
- IBM Quantum, IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598, USA
| | - A Kandala
- IBM Quantum, IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598, USA
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27
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Saravanan A, Kumar PS, Ramesh B, Srinivasan S. Removal of toxic heavy metals using genetically engineered microbes: Molecular tools, risk assessment and management strategies. Chemosphere 2022; 298:134341. [PMID: 35307383 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The direct release of industrial effluent into the water and other anthropogenic activities causes water pollution. Heavy metal ions are the primary contaminant in the industrial effluents which are exceptionally toxic at low concentrations, terribly disturb the endurance equilibrium of activities in the eco-system and be remarkably hazardous to human health. Different conventional treatment methodologies were utilized for the removal of toxic pollutants from the contaminated water which has several drawbacks such as cost-ineffective and lower efficiency. Recently, genetically modified micro-organisms (GMMs) stand-out for the removal of toxic heavy metals are viewed as an economically plausible and environmentally safe technique. GMMs are microorganisms whose genetic material has been changed utilizing genetic engineering techniques that exhibit enhanced removal efficiency in comparison with the other treatment methodologies. The present review comments the GMMs such as bacteria, algae and fungi and their potential for the removal of toxic heavy metals. This review provides current aspects of different advanced molecular tools which have been used to manipulate micro-organisms through genetic expression for the breakdown of metal compounds in polluted areas. The strategies, major limitations and challenges for genetic engineering of micro-organisms have been reviewed. The current review investigates the approaches working on utilizing genetically modified micro-organisms and effective removal techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Saravanan
- Department of Sustainable Engineering, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, 602105, India
| | - P Senthil Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Chennai, 603110, India; Centre of Excellence in Water Research (CEWAR), Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Chennai, 603110, India.
| | - B Ramesh
- Department of Sustainable Engineering, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, 602105, India
| | - S Srinivasan
- Department of Sustainable Engineering, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, 602105, India
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Saravanan A, Kumar PS, Srinivasan S, Jeevanantham S, Vishnu M, Amith KV, Sruthi R, Saravanan R, Vo DVN. Insights on synthesis and applications of graphene-based materials in wastewater treatment: A review. Chemosphere 2022; 298:134284. [PMID: 35283157 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Graphene has excellent unique thermal, chemical, optical, and mechanical properties such as high thermal conductivity, high chemical stability, optical transmittance, high current density, higher surface area, etc. Due to their outstanding properties, the attention towards graphene-based materials and their derivatives in wastewater treatment has been increased in recent times. Different graphene-based materials such as graphene oxides, graphene quantum dots, graphene nanoplatelets, graphene nanoribbons and other graphene-based nanocomposites are synthesized through chemical vapor deposition, mechanical and electrochemical exfoliation of graphite. In this review, the specifics about the graphenes and their derivatives, the synthesis strategy of graphene-based materials are described. This review critically explained the applications of graphene-based materials in wastewater treatment. Graphene-based materials were utilized as adsorbents, electrodes, and photocatalysts for the efficient removal of toxic pollutants such as heavy metals, dyes, pharmaceutics, antibiotics, phenols, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons have been highlighted and discussed. Herein, the potential scope of graphene-based material in the field of wastewater treatment is critically reviewed. In addition, a brief perspective on future research directions and difficulties in the synthesis of graphene-based material are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Saravanan
- Department of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, 602105, India
| | - P Senthil Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Chennai, 603110, India; Centre of Excellence in Water Research (CEWAR), Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Chennai, 603110, India.
| | - S Srinivasan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, 602105, India
| | - S Jeevanantham
- Department of Biotechnology, Rajalakshmi Engineering College, Chennai, Tamilnadu, 602105, India
| | - M Vishnu
- Department of Biotechnology, Rajalakshmi Engineering College, Chennai, Tamilnadu, 602105, India
| | - K Vishal Amith
- Department of Biotechnology, Rajalakshmi Engineering College, Chennai, Tamilnadu, 602105, India
| | - R Sruthi
- Department of Biotechnology, Rajalakshmi Engineering College, Chennai, Tamilnadu, 602105, India
| | - R Saravanan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica, Chile
| | - Dai-Viet N Vo
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayashree Mondkar
- Department of Neonatology, Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College & General Hospital, Sion, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - S. Srinivasan
- Department of Pediatrics, Mehta Multispeciality Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Alagoz O, Ajani J, Srinivasan S, Kim I, Singh P, Xiao H, Kurt M. P-56 Estimating endpoint correlation between surrogate measures and overall survival using reconstructed survival data: Case studies from adjuvant and metastatic gastric cancer trials. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.04.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Mummudi N, Jiwnani S, Niyogi D, Srinivasan S, Ghosh-Laskar S, Tibdewal A, Rane P, Karimundackal G, Pramesh CS, Agarwal JP. Salvage radiotherapy for postoperative locoregional failure in esophageal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Dis Esophagus 2022; 35:6257764. [PMID: 33912933 DOI: 10.1093/dote/doab020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Locoregional recurrences following surgery for esophageal cancers represent a significant clinical problem with no standard recommendations for management. We conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis with the objective of studying safety and efficacy of salvage radiotherapy in this setting. All prospective and retrospective cohort studies, which studied patients who developed locoregional recurrence following initial radical surgery for esophageal cancer and subsequently received salvage radiation therapy (RT)/chemoradiation with all relevant information regarding survival outcome and toxicity available, were included. The quality of eligible individual studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale score for risk of bias. R package MetaSurv was used to obtain a summary survival curve from survival probabilities and numbers of at-risk patients collected at various time points and to test the overall heterogeneity using the I2 statistic. Thirty studies (27 retrospective, 3 prospective) published from 1995 to 2020 with 1553 patients were included. The median interval between surgery and disease recurrence was 12.5 months. The median radiation dose used was 60 Gy and 57% received concurrent chemotherapy. The overall incidence of acute grade 3/4 mucositis and dermatitis were 8 and 4%, respectively; grade 3/4 acute pneumonitis was reported in 5%. The overall median follow-up of all studies included was 27 months. The 1-, 2- and 3-year overall survival (OS) probabilities were 67.9, 35.9 and 30.6%, respectively. Factors which predicted better survival on multivariate analysis were good PS, lower group stage, node negativity at index surgery, longer disease-free interval, nodal recurrence (as compared to anastomotic site recurrence), smaller disease volume, single site of recurrence, RT dose >50 Gy, conformal RT, use of concomitant chemotherapy and good radiological response after radiotherapy. Salvage radiotherapy with or without concomitant chemotherapy for locoregional recurrences after surgery for esophageal cancer is safe and effective. Modern radiotherapy techniques may improve outcomes and reduce treatment-related morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Mummudi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - S Jiwnani
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - D Niyogi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - S Srinivasan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - S Ghosh-Laskar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - A Tibdewal
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - P Rane
- Department of Bio-statistics, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - G Karimundackal
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - C S Pramesh
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - J P Agarwal
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
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Srinivasan S, Aggarwal N, Makhaik S, Jhobta A, Kapila S, Bhoil R. Role of lung ultrasound in diagnosing and differentiating transient tachypnea of the newborn and respiratory distress syndrome in preterm neonates. J Ultrason 2022; 22:e1-e5. [PMID: 35449705 PMCID: PMC9009341 DOI: 10.15557/jou.2022.0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To evaluate the accuracy of lung ultrasound in diagnosing and differentiating transient tachypnea of the newborn and respiratory distress syndrome in preterm neonates. Material and methods This was a single-center study. From January 2020 to June 2021. A total of 100 preterm neonates, admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit with symptoms of respiratory distress within six hours of birth, including 50 diagnosed with transient tachypnea of the newborn and 50 with respiratory distress syndrome on the basis of clinical examination, laboratory testing, chest X-rays, were recruited in the study. Lung ultrasound was performed in each neonate by a senior radiologist who was blinded to the clinical diagnosis. Lung ultrasound findings in both conditions were analyzed and compared. Results Pulmonary edema manifesting as alveolar-interstitial syndrome, double lung point sign and less commonly as white out lungs in the absence of consolidation has 100% sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing transient tachypnea of the newborn. A combination of three signs of consolidation with air or fluid bronchograms, white out lungs and absent spared areas has 100% sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing respiratory distress syndrome. Double lung point sign was seen only in infants suffering from transient tachypnea of the newborn and consolidation with air or fluid bronchograms only in cases of respiratory distress syndrome. Conclusion Lung ultrasound can accurately diagnose and reliably differentiate transient tachypnea of the newborn and respiratory distress syndrome in preterm neonates. It has advantages that cannot be replicated by chest radiography. Lung ultrasound may be used as an initial screening tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Srinivasan
- Department of Radiology, Indira Gandhi Medical College (IGMC), Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Neeti Aggarwal
- Department of Radiology, Indira Gandhi Medical College (IGMC), Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Sushma Makhaik
- Department of Radiology, Indira Gandhi Medical College (IGMC), Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Anupam Jhobta
- Department of Radiology, Indira Gandhi Medical College (IGMC), Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Sumala Kapila
- Department of Radiology, Indira Gandhi Medical College (IGMC), Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Rohit Bhoil
- Department of Radiology, Indira Gandhi Medical College (IGMC), Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
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Saravanan A, Kumar PS, Srinivasan S, Jeevanantham S, Kamalesh R, Karishma S. Sustainable strategy on microbial fuel cell to treat the wastewater for the production of green energy. Chemosphere 2022; 290:133295. [PMID: 34914952 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Microbial fuel cell (MFC) is one of the promising alternative energy systems where the catalytic conversion of chemical energy into electrical energy takes places with the help of microorganisms. The basic configuration of MFC consists of three major components such as electrodes (anode and cathode), catalyst (microorganism) and proton transport/exchange membrane (PEM). MFC classified into four types based on the substrate utilized for the catalytic energy conversion process such as Liquid-phase MFC, Solid-phase MFC, Plant-MFC and Algae-MFC. The core performance of MFC is organic substrate oxidation and electron transfer. Microorganisms and electrodes are the key factors that decide the efficiency of MFC system for electricity generation. Microorganism catalysis degradation of organic matters and assist the electron transfer to anode surface, the conductivity of anode material decides the rate of electron transport to cathode through external circuit where electrons are reduced with hydrogen and form water with oxygen. Not limited to electricity generation, MFC also has diverse applications in different sectors including wastewater treatment, biofuel (biohydrogen) production and used as biosensor for detection of biological oxygen demand (BOD) of wastewater and different contaminants concentration in water. This review explains different types of MFC systems and their core performance towards energy conversion and waste management. Also provides an insight on different factors that significantly affect the MFC performance and different aspects of application of MFC systems in various sectors. The challenges of MFC system design, operations and implementation in pilot scale level and the direction for future research are also described in the present review.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Saravanan
- Department of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, 602105, India
| | - P Senthil Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Chennai, 603110, India; Centre of Excellence in Water Research (CEWAR), Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Chennai, 603110, India.
| | - S Srinivasan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, 602105, India
| | - S Jeevanantham
- Department of Biotechnology, Rajalakshmi Engineering College, Chennai, Tamilnadu, 602105, India
| | - R Kamalesh
- Department of Biotechnology, Rajalakshmi Engineering College, Chennai, Tamilnadu, 602105, India
| | - S Karishma
- Department of Biotechnology, Rajalakshmi Engineering College, Chennai, Tamilnadu, 602105, India
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Mahendra J, Sivapathasundharam B, Mahendra L, Chandrasekaran S, Srinivasan S, Muralidharan J, Balaji TM, Bhandi S, Patil S. Effectiveness of Online Learning vs Traditional Learning during COVID-19 Pandemic in Chennai: A Questionnaire Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2022; 23:295-302. [PMID: 35781433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Digitalization of education became a need of the hour when the COVID-19 pandemic affected the traditional modalities of learning, and it was widely implemented in various fields including dentistry. AIMS The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of online learning against traditional learning systems among dental students in Chennai. METHODS AND MATERIALS A Google Form questionnaire comprising 29 dental learning-based questions was designed and distributed to dental students across colleges in Chennai using online distribution platforms. The study responses were closed after the stipulated period of 1 month. The data were analyzed using SPSS software version 17. RESULTS The survey was answered by 834 participants comprising 76.9% females and 22.3% males. Of the total study population, 71.1% of them did not have previous online learning experiences. Approximately, 15.5% of the study population were not satisfied with the facilities provided by the online learning platforms. Also, one-third of the study population reported difficulty during the presentation. Three-fourths of the study participants did not prefer online learning over traditional learning and reported that the attention span and communication between the students and teachers were lower in online classes. Overall, 43% of the study participants rated the quality of online video-based learning to be good and 8.5% found it to be poor. CONCLUSION Online-based learning systems are evolving and can provide a wide array of knowledge from global experts. However, structured planning and technique may be needed for the dental curriculum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaideep Mahendra
- Department of Periodontics, Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research, Faculty of Dentistry, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, e-mail:
| | | | - Little Mahendra
- Department of Periodontics, Maktoum Bin Hamdan Dental University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Shruthi Chandrasekaran
- Department of Periodontics, Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research, Faculty of Dentistry, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sruthi Srinivasan
- Department of Periodontics, Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research, Faculty of Dentistry, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Janani Muralidharan
- Department of Periodontics, Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research, Faculty of Dentistry, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Shilpa Bhandi
- Department of Restorative Dental Science, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shankargouda Patil
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Division of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
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Palathingal P, Mahendra J, Annamalai PT, Varma SS, Mahendra L, Thomas L, Baby D, Jose A, Srinivasan S, R A. A Cross-Sectional Study of Serum Glutathione Peroxidase: An Antioxidative Marker in Chronic Periodontitis and Chronic Kidney Disease. Cureus 2022; 14:e22016. [PMID: 35340502 PMCID: PMC8913512 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.22016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aim: Oxidative stress as an individual risk for periodontitis and chronic kidney disease (CKD) has been elaborated through various mechanical pathways, yet its role in association with both diseases remains unexplored. Thus, the current study aims in evaluating serum glutathione peroxidase, an oxidative stress marker in CKD patients with periodontitis, and compare it with the healthy controls. Methodology: One hundred and twenty subjects were divided into four groups as control (C=30 subjects), periodontitis and non-CKD patients (CP=30 patients), non-periodontitis and CKD patients (CKD=30 patients), and periodontitis and CKD patients (CKD+CP=30 patients). Demographic variables, periodontal parameters, such as plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), probing pocket depth (PPD), percentage proportion of sites with probing pocket depth more than 5 mm, clinical attachment loss (CAL), percentage proportion of sites with clinical attachment loss more than 3 mm and serum stress marker, and glutathione peroxidase were compared between the groups and the results were statistically analyzed. Results: The demographic variables did not differ significantly between the groups, except for age. The means PI, GI, PPD, percentage proportion of sites with probing pocket depth more than 5 mm, CAL, percentage proportion of sites with clinical attachment loss were higher in CKD+CP. The glutathione peroxidase was significantly higher in CP group (p=0.001) and significantly correlated with periodontal parameters. Conclusion: The oxidative stress marker glutathione peroxidase was higher in CP, followed by the CKD groups. This could pave a strong link of oxidative stress as a risk factor for chronic periodontitis, as well as chronic kidney disease.
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Srinivasan S, Manoj V. Development and exploration of the content validity of a dry eye questionnaire: A qualitative study. Cont Lens Anterior Eye 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clae.2022.101634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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von Ahrentschildt A, Hanenberg L, Robich ML, Jones-Jordan LA, Marx S, Sickenberger W, Powell DR, Kwan JT, Wong S, Srinivasan S, Jones L, Pucker AD. Morphological characteristics of Meibomian Glands and their Influence on Dry Eye disease in contact lens wearers. Ocul Surf 2022; 24:93-99. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2022.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Srinivasan S, Duperrex PA, Meer D, Schippers J, Baricevic B, Bisiach D, Cargnelutti M, Oblak M, Paglovec P, Roskar K, Skabar M, Znidarcic M. FLASH in the Clinic Track (Oral Presentations) TOWARDS A REAL-TIME TURN-KEY NON-INTERCEPTIVE, NON-SATURATING, BEAM-SIZE-INDEPENDENT FLASH DIAGNOSTICS SYSTEM AT PSI. Phys Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1120-1797(22)01551-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Saar M, Fizazi K, Shore N, Smith M, Damber JE, Semenov A, Ribal Caparrós M, Birtle A, Rigaud J, Ortiz J, Schmall A, Srinivasan S, Verholen F. Effects of prior local therapy by radical prostatectomy or radiotherapy on the efficacy and safety of darolutamide in patients with nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer from aramis. Eur Urol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(22)01045-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Rajendran S, Srinivasan S, Mahendra J, Mahendra L, Dewan H, Ahmed ZH, Baeshen HA, Varadarajan S, Bhandi S, Patil S. Root Membrane Concept: Shield the Socket-A Case Report. J Contemp Dent Pract 2022; 23:100-104. [PMID: 35656666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Edentulousness affects the mental health of most patients. Missing teeth in the anterior esthetic zones is a matter of concern, especially for young adults. Various replacement options such as fixed partial dentures, removable partial dentures, and dental implants are available to treat edentulousness. Dental implants have been a booming treatment option in modern-day dentistry as they more closely mimic the natural tooth. The most important criterion for placement of the implant in the esthetic zone is the conservation of alveolar bone, especially in the anterior region which is usually compromised due to tooth extraction or resorption of the ridge. The root membrane concept or the socket shield technique is a recently introduced concept in implant dentistry where a portion of the root acts as a shield to protect against alveolar bone resorption and maintain bone integrity, especially in the esthetic area. This case report describes the clinical management of fractured upper anterior teeth using a dental implant and the root membrane technique. Keywords: Anterior zone, Esthetics, Immediate implants, Implant, Missing teeth, Root membrane technique, Socket shield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sathish Rajendran
- Department of Periodontology, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sruthi Srinivasan
- Department of Periodontology, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jaideep Mahendra
- Department of Periodontology, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, e-mail:
| | - Little Mahendra
- Dean of Research, Maktoum Bin Hamdan Dental University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Harisha Dewan
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zeeshan H Ahmed
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hosam A Baeshen
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saranya Varadarajan
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Sri Venkateswara Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shilpa Bhandi
- Department of Restorative Dental Science, Division of Operative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shankargouda Patil
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Science, Division of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
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Srinivasan S, Vivek C, Sakthivel P, Chamundeeswari G, Prasanna Bharathi S, Amuthameena S, Balraj B. Synthesis of Ag incorporated ZrO2 nanomaterials for enhanced electrochemical energy storage applications. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2022.109262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Khemani P, Srinivasan S, Salunke G, Moulik N, Dhamne C, Chichra A, Gollamudi V, Parambil B, Prasad M, Chinnasamy G, Narula G, Banavali S. Candidemia in pediatric cancer patients contributes to significant morbidity and mortality: A single centre experience from India. Pediatric Hematology Oncology Journal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phoj.2022.10.218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Mahendra J, Palathingal P, Mahendra L, Muralidharan J, Alzahrani KJ, Sayed M, Mugri MH, Almagbol M, Varadarajan S, Balaji TM, Bhandi S, Srinivasan S, Raj AT, Patil S. Isolated Systolic Blood Pressure and Red-Complex Bacteria-A Risk for Generalized Periodontitis and Chronic Kidney Disease. Microorganisms 2021; 10:50. [PMID: 35056499 PMCID: PMC8781149 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10010050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is a risk factor for generalized periodontitis (GP) and chronic kidney diseases (CKD). However, the role of isolated systolic blood pressure as one of the major risks for these inflammatory diseases has not been explored. Very limited studies exist identifying the red-complex bacteria in association with the isolated systolic blood pressure. Hence, the main objective of this study was to assess the isolated systolic blood pressure and the red-complex bacteria along with the demographic variables, periodontal parameters, and renal parameters in patients with generalized periodontitis and chronic kidney disease. One hundred twenty participants (age 30-70 years) were divided into four groups-Group C: control (systemically and periodontally healthy subjects), Group GP: generalized periodontitis, Group CKD: subjects with CKD with good periodontal health, Group CKD + GP: subjects with both generalized periodontitis and CKD. Demographic variables and periodontal parameters were measured and recorded. Blood pressure measurements and a detailed history and renal parameters such as serum creatinine, eGFR, and fasting blood sugar were recorded. The red-complex bacteria (RCB) were assessed in the subgingival plaque samples of all four groups using RT-PCR. Older participants (above 50 years) showed worse periodontal scores in the CKD + GP group along with elevated isolated systolic blood pressure, higher serum creatinine, and fasting blood sugar. eGFR was significantly decreased compared to the other groups. Bacterial counts were higher in the GP + CKD group, suggesting that they may be at a higher risk for generalized periodontitis and chronic kidney disease. Isolated systolic blood pressure (ISBP) and RCB were significantly correlated with the renal and periodontal parameters. A log-linear relationship exists between periodontal disease, CKD, RCB, and isolated systolic hypertension levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaideep Mahendra
- Department of Periodontics, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Chennai 600 095, Tamil Nadu, India; (J.M.); (S.S.)
| | - Plato Palathingal
- Department of Periodontics, Annoor Dental College, Ernakulam 686673, Kerala, India;
| | - Little Mahendra
- Research Department of Periodontics, Maktoum bin Hamdan Dental University, Dubai 213620, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Janani Muralidharan
- Department of Periodontics, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Chennai 600 095, Tamil Nadu, India; (J.M.); (S.S.)
| | - Khalid J. Alzahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammed Sayed
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan 45412, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Maryam H. Mugri
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan 45412, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammad Almagbol
- Department of Community and Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Saranya Varadarajan
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Sri Venkateswara Dental College and Hospital, Chennai 600130, Tamil Nandu, India; (S.V.); (A.T.R.)
| | | | - Shilpa Bhandi
- Department of Restorative Dental Science, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Sruthi Srinivasan
- Department of Periodontics, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Chennai 600 095, Tamil Nadu, India; (J.M.); (S.S.)
| | - A. Thirumal Raj
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Sri Venkateswara Dental College and Hospital, Chennai 600130, Tamil Nandu, India; (S.V.); (A.T.R.)
| | - Shankargouda Patil
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Division of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan 45412, Saudi Arabia
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Sood S, Srinivasan S. Retrieving embolized peripherally inserted central catheter - A novel two step technique. Radiol Case Rep 2021; 17:531-536. [PMID: 34976259 PMCID: PMC8688964 DOI: 10.1016/j.radcr.2021.11.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a novel two-step percutaneous endovascular technique for retrieval of peripherally inserted central catheter, free ends of which were inaccessible, that had embolized to the segmental branch of left pulmonary artery using SIM 1 catheter and a loop snare, in a 17 year old female patient diagnosed with osteosarcoma right femur. Step one involved, inserting SIM 1 catheter through the heart to hook the embolized peripherally inserted central catheter and bring it down to the lower segment of inferior vena cava. In the second step, a loop snare was used to grasp the free end of peripherally inserted central catheter, and the whole assembly was withdrawn via right common femoral vein access. Patient was monitored for 24 hours and discharged as there were no complications. SIM 1 catheter followed by the use of loop snare as a retrieval system is safe and efficacious and can be considered by an intervention radiologist for retrieval of embolized vascular access device, in which none of the free ends are available to catch hold with a loop snare.
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Dhanjayan R, Suresh S, Srinivasan S, Sahaya Jude Dhas S. Growth Aspects and Optical, Mechanical and Electrical Property Investigation on L-Histidinium-4-Nitrophenolate 4-Nitrophenol (LHPNP) Single Crystal. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2021.2012211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Dhanjayan
- Department of Physics, R&D Centre, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India
- Department of Physics, Shree Chandraprabhu Jain College, Minjur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S. Suresh
- Department of Physics, Saveetha Engineering College (Autonomous), Thandalam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S. Srinivasan
- Department of Physics, Presidency College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S. Sahaya Jude Dhas
- Department of Physics, Kings Engineering College, Sriperumbudur, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
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Guilliams KP, Gupta N, Srinivasan S, Binkley MM, Ying C, Couture L, Gross J, Wallace A, McKinstry RC, Vo K, Lee JM, An H, Goyal MS. MR Imaging Differences in the Circle of Willis between Healthy Children and Adults. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2021; 42:2062-2069. [PMID: 34556478 PMCID: PMC8583273 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a7290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Asymmetries in the circle of Willis have been associated with several conditions, including migraines and stroke, but they may also be age-dependent. This study examined the impact of age and age-dependent changes in cerebral perfusion on circle of Willis anatomy in healthy children and adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed an observational, cross-sectional study of bright and black-blood imaging of the proximal cerebral vasculature using TOF-MRA and T2 sampling perfection with application-optimized contrasts by using different flip angle evolution (T2-SPACE) imaging at the level of the circle of Willis in 23 healthy children and 43 healthy adults (4-74 years of age). We compared arterial diameters measured manually and cerebral perfusion via pseudocontinuous arterial spin-labeling between children and adults. RESULTS We found that the summed cross-sectional area of the circle of Willis is larger in children than in adults, though the effect size was smaller with T2-SPACE-based measurements than with TOF-MRA. The circle of Willis is also more symmetric in children, and nonvisualized segments occur more frequently in adults than in children. Moreover, the size and symmetry of the circle of Willis correlate with cerebral perfusion. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that the circle of Willis is different in size and symmetry in healthy children compared with adults, likely associated with developmental changes in cerebral perfusion. Further work is needed to understand why asymmetric vasculature develops in some but not all adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- K P Guilliams
- From the Department of Neurology (K.P.G., M.M.B., J.-M.L., M.S.G.)
- Department of Pediatrics (K.P.G., R.C.M.)
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology (K.P.G., N.G., S.S., C.Y., L.C., R.C.M., K.V., J.-M.L., H.A., M.S.G.)
| | - N Gupta
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology (K.P.G., N.G., S.S., C.Y., L.C., R.C.M., K.V., J.-M.L., H.A., M.S.G.)
| | - S Srinivasan
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology (K.P.G., N.G., S.S., C.Y., L.C., R.C.M., K.V., J.-M.L., H.A., M.S.G.)
| | - M M Binkley
- From the Department of Neurology (K.P.G., M.M.B., J.-M.L., M.S.G.)
| | - C Ying
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology (K.P.G., N.G., S.S., C.Y., L.C., R.C.M., K.V., J.-M.L., H.A., M.S.G.)
| | - L Couture
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology (K.P.G., N.G., S.S., C.Y., L.C., R.C.M., K.V., J.-M.L., H.A., M.S.G.)
| | - J Gross
- Division of Neuroradiology (J.G.), Midwest Radiology, St. Paul, Minnesota
| | - A Wallace
- Department of Neurointerventional Surgery (A.W.), Ascension Columbia St. Mary's Hospital, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - R C McKinstry
- Department of Pediatrics (K.P.G., R.C.M.)
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology (K.P.G., N.G., S.S., C.Y., L.C., R.C.M., K.V., J.-M.L., H.A., M.S.G.)
| | - K Vo
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology (K.P.G., N.G., S.S., C.Y., L.C., R.C.M., K.V., J.-M.L., H.A., M.S.G.)
| | - J-M Lee
- From the Department of Neurology (K.P.G., M.M.B., J.-M.L., M.S.G.)
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology (K.P.G., N.G., S.S., C.Y., L.C., R.C.M., K.V., J.-M.L., H.A., M.S.G.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering (J.-M.L.)
| | - H An
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology (K.P.G., N.G., S.S., C.Y., L.C., R.C.M., K.V., J.-M.L., H.A., M.S.G.)
| | - M S Goyal
- From the Department of Neurology (K.P.G., M.M.B., J.-M.L., M.S.G.)
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology (K.P.G., N.G., S.S., C.Y., L.C., R.C.M., K.V., J.-M.L., H.A., M.S.G.)
- Neuroscience (M.S.G.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
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Cacho F, Srinivasan S, Schoumacher R, Hamilton R, Ledbetter J, Moser M, Callison J, Mathes R, Quintero D, Metcalf A, Eastman S, Tolle J, Rushing S, Brown R. 346: Tennessee cystic fibrosis clinical care during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Cyst Fibros 2021. [PMCID: PMC8518430 DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(21)01770-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Kandala A, Wei KX, Srinivasan S, Magesan E, Carnevale S, Keefe GA, Klaus D, Dial O, McKay DC. Demonstration of a High-Fidelity cnot Gate for Fixed-Frequency Transmons with Engineered ZZ Suppression. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 127:130501. [PMID: 34623861 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.130501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Improving two-qubit gate performance and suppressing cross talk are major, but often competing, challenges to achieving scalable quantum computation. In particular, increasing the coupling to realize faster gates has been intrinsically linked to enhanced cross talk due to unwanted two-qubit terms in the Hamiltonian. Here, we demonstrate a novel coupling architecture for transmon qubits that circumvents the standard relationship between desired and undesired interaction rates. Using two fixed frequency coupling elements to tune the dressed level spacings, we demonstrate an intrinsic suppression of the static ZZ while maintaining large effective coupling rates. Our architecture reveals no observable degradation of qubit coherence (T_{1},T_{2}>100 μs) and, over a factor of 6 improvement in the ratio of desired to undesired coupling. Using the cross-resonance interaction, we demonstrate a 180 ns single-pulse controlled not (cnot) gate, and measure a cnot fidelity of 99.77(2)% from interleaved randomized benchmarking.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kandala
- IBM Quantum, IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598, USA
| | - K X Wei
- IBM Quantum, IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598, USA
| | - S Srinivasan
- IBM Quantum, IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598, USA
| | - E Magesan
- IBM Quantum, IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598, USA
| | - S Carnevale
- IBM Quantum, IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598, USA
| | - G A Keefe
- IBM Quantum, IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598, USA
| | - D Klaus
- IBM Quantum, IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598, USA
| | - O Dial
- IBM Quantum, IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598, USA
| | - D C McKay
- IBM Quantum, IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598, USA
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Mahendra J, Rao AN, Mahendra L, Sayed ME, Mugri MH, Balaji TM, Varadarajan S, Jagannathan R, Srinivasan S, Baeshen HA, Mathew R, Patil S. The Expression of Allele Changes in NLRP3 (rs35829419) and IL-1β (+3954) Gene Polymorphisms in Periodontitis and Coronary Artery Disease. Materials (Basel) 2021; 14:ma14175103. [PMID: 34501201 PMCID: PMC8433916 DOI: 10.3390/ma14175103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammasomes have been shown to play a pivotal role in periodontal disease pathogenesis. However, their role in periodontitis subjects with coronary heart disease remains unclear. This study aimed to obtain the expression of NLRP3 (rs35829419) and IL-1β (+3954) gene polymorphisms in the subgingival plaque and blood samples of generalized periodontitis (GP) subjects with and without coronary heart disease (CHD). METHODS A total of 70 subjects were grouped into two; GP and GP with CHD. Demographic variables and periodontal and cardiac parameters were recorded from both the groups. Subgingival plaque and blood samples were obtained from both the groups and were further subjected to the identification of NLRP3 (rs35829419) and IL-1β (+3954) expression and allele change using a conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and gene sequencing (Sanger's method). RESULTS Amongst the demographic variables, age and monthly income were statistically significant between the two groups. Plaque index (PI), clinical attachment level (CAL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and low density-lipoprotein (LDL) exhibited statistically significant levels between the two groups. The NLRP3 (rs35829419) and IL-1β (+3954) genes showed a statistically significant association with allele change (frequency) among the groups. The general comparison of all the parameters with the allele change of NLRP3 (rs35829419) and IL-1β (+3954) in the subgingival plaque and blood samples showed statistically significant associations among the two groups. CONCLUSION The present study highlighted an allele change in IL-1β (+3954) gene polymorphisms which may play an important role in the pathogenesis of periodontitis and coronary heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaideep Mahendra
- Department of Periodontology, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Chennai 600095, India; (A.N.R.); (S.S.)
- Correspondence: (J.M.); (S.P.)
| | - Abirami Nayaki Rao
- Department of Periodontology, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Chennai 600095, India; (A.N.R.); (S.S.)
| | - Little Mahendra
- Department of Periodontology, Maktoum Bin Hamdan Dental University College, Dubai 213620, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Mohammed E. Sayed
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Maryam H. Mugri
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Thodur Madapusi Balaji
- Department of Dentistry, Bharathiraja Hospital and Research Institute, Chennai 600017, India;
| | - Saranya Varadarajan
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Sri Venkateswara Dental College and Hospital, Chennai 600130, India;
| | | | - Sruthi Srinivasan
- Department of Periodontology, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Chennai 600095, India; (A.N.R.); (S.S.)
| | - Hosam Ali Baeshen
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Reji Mathew
- College of Dental Medicine, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA;
| | - Shankargouda Patil
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Division of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (J.M.); (S.P.)
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