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Islam F, Zeng Q. Advances in Organosulfur-Based Polymers for Drug Delivery Systems. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1207. [PMID: 38732676 PMCID: PMC11085353 DOI: 10.3390/polym16091207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Organosulfur-based polymers have unique properties that make them useful for targeted and managed drug delivery, which can improve therapy while reducing side effects. This work aims to provide a brief review of the synthesis strategies, characterization techniques, and packages of organosulfur-based polymers in drug delivery. More importantly, this work discusses the characterization, biocompatibility, controlled release, nanotechnology, and targeted therapeutic aspects of these important structural units. This review provides not only a good comprehension of organosulfur-based polymers but also an insightful discussion of potential future prospectives in research. The discovery of novel organosulfur polymers and innovations is highly expected to be stimulated in order to synthesize polymer prototypes with increased functional accuracy, efficiency, and low cost for many industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Qingle Zeng
- College of Materials, Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
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Dietary Phytochemicals as Potential Chemopreventive Agents against Tobacco-Induced Lung Carcinogenesis. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15030491. [PMID: 36771198 PMCID: PMC9920588 DOI: 10.3390/nu15030491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the second most common cancer in the world. Cigarette smoking is strongly connected with lung cancer. Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) and 4-(N-methyl-N-nitrosamine)-1-(3-pyridyl)-butanone (NNK) are the main carcinogens in cigarette smoking. Evidence has supported the correlation between these two carcinogens and lung cancer. Epidemiology analysis suggests that lung cancer can be effectively prevented through daily diet adjustments. This review aims to summarize the studies published in the past 20 years exploring dietary phytochemicals using Google Scholar, PubMed, and Web of Science databases. Dietary phytochemicals mainly include medicinal plants, beverages, fruits, vegetables, spices, etc. Moreover, the perspectives on the challenges and future directions of dietary phytochemicals for lung cancer chemoprevention will be provided. Taken together, treatment based on the consumption of dietary phytochemicals for lung cancer chemoprevention will produce more positive outcomes in the future and offer the possibility of reducing cancer risk in society.
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Allemailem KS. Aqueous Extract of Artemisia annua Shows In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity and an In Vivo Chemopreventive Effect in a Small-Cell Lung Cancer Model. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:3341. [PMID: 36501380 PMCID: PMC9739242 DOI: 10.3390/plants11233341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Artemisia annua (A. annua) has been used as a medicinal plant in the treatment of several infectious and non-infectious diseases in the forms of tea and press juice since ancient times. The aim of this study was to evaluate the aqueous extract of A. annua (AAE) as an antimicrobial agent in vitro and to evaluate its chemopreventive efficacy in vivo in a small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) animal model. The dried powder of AAE was prepared using the Soxhlet extraction system from the leaves of Artemisia annua. The in vitro activity of AAE was determined against Candida albicans (C. albicans), Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis), Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae), and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) using the agar well diffusion method and propidium iodide (PI)-stained microbial death under a confocal microscope. The pretreatment of mice with AAE was initiated two weeks before the first dose of benzo[a]pyrene and continued for 21 weeks. The chemopreventive potential of the extract was evaluated by flow cytometry and biochemical and histopathological analyses of the tissues and serum accordingly, after sacrificing the mice. The data revealed the antimicrobial potential of AAE against all the species investigated, as it showed growth-inhibitory activity by MIC, as well as confocal microscopy. The pretreatment of AAE exhibited significant protection in carcinogen-modulated, average body weight (ABW), and relative organ weight (ROW) cancer biomarkers in the serum and antioxidants in the lungs. The hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining of the tissues revealed that AAE prevented malignancy in the lungs. AAE also induced apoptosis and decreased intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the lung cells analyzed by flow cytometry. The current findings demonstrated the use of AAE as an alternative medicine in the treatment of infectious disease and the chemoprevention of lung cancer. To our knowledge, this is the first study that summarizes the chemopreventive potential of AAE in a lung cancer model in vivo. However, further investigations are suggested to understand the role of AAE to potentiate the therapeutic index of the commercially available drugs that show multiple drug resistance against microbial growth and high toxicity during cancer chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled S Allemailem
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
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Mo W, Xu W, Hong M, Yang T, Shi Y, Jiao Y, Nie J, Cui F, Cao J, Zhang S. Proteomic and miRNA profiling of radon-induced skin damage in mice: FASN regulated by miRNAs. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH 2022; 63:706-718. [PMID: 35791446 PMCID: PMC9494515 DOI: 10.1093/jrr/rrac037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Radon is a naturally occurring radioactive gas and considered as a serious carcinogen to humans. Continuous radioactive decay of this gas emits high-energy alpha particles. Long-term radon exposure induces oxidative stress and inflammatory response, which results in chronic lung diseases. However, biological effects after radon exposure in other organs have been rarely reported. As the outermost organ of the human body, the skin suffers from environmental damage to agents such as air pollution. Epidemiological studies indicated that areas with high level of radon had a high incidence of skin cancer. However, whether radon exposure induces skin damage has not been reported yet. In this study, we established a radon-exposed mouse model and found that radon exposure affected the structure of skin tissues, which was manifested by inflammatory cell infiltration and skin atrophy. Using proteomic approach, we found 45 preferentially expressed proteins in 60 Working Level Months (WLM) group and 314 preferentially expressed proteins in 120 WLM group from radon-exposed skin tissues. Through microRNA (miRNA) sequencing profiling analysis, 57 dysregulated miRNAs were screened between the control and radon-treated mouse skin. By integrating the dysregulated proteins and miRNAs, radon-induced fatty acid synthase (FASN) was investigated in greater detail. Results showed that FASN was regulated by miR-206-3p and miR-378a-3p and involved in the pathogenesis of radon-induced skin damage. Overexpression of FASN inhibited the proliferation, and induced in WS1 cells. Our present findings illustrate the molecular change during radon-induced skin damage and the potential role of FASN during this process.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Min Hong
- School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Tingyi Yang
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yuhong Shi
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital, Chengdu 610051, China
| | - Yang Jiao
- School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jihua Nie
- School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Fengmei Cui
- School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jianping Cao
- Corresponding authors. Zhang S, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital, Chengdu 610051, China. Tel./Fax: +8628-85502429; E-mail: ; Cao J, No. 199 Ren’ai Rd, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China. Tel./Fax:+86-512-65880037; E-mail:
| | - Shuyu Zhang
- Corresponding authors. Zhang S, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital, Chengdu 610051, China. Tel./Fax: +8628-85502429; E-mail: ; Cao J, No. 199 Ren’ai Rd, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China. Tel./Fax:+86-512-65880037; E-mail:
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Mousa AM, Soliman KEA, Alhumaydhi FA, Almatroudi A, Allemailem KS, Alsahli MA, Alrumaihi F, Aljasir M, Alwashmi ASS, Ahmed AA, Khan A, Al-Regaiey KA, AlSuhaymi N, Alsugoor MH, Aljarbou WA, Elsayed AM. Could allicin alleviate trastuzumab-induced cardiotoxicity in a rat model through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antihyperlipidemic properties? Life Sci 2022; 302:120656. [PMID: 35605695 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Although trastuzumab (TZB)-induced cardiotoxicity is well documented and allicin (one of the main active garlic ingredients) has ameliorating effects against numerous causes of toxicities; however, the influence of allicin on TZB-induced cardiotoxicity has not been investigated yet. Therefore, the current work explored the potential cardioprotective structural, biochemical, and molecular mechanisms of allicin against TZB-induced cardiotoxicity in a rat's model. METHODS Forty rats were divided into four equal groups and treated for five weeks. The control group (G1) received PBS, the allicin group (G2) received allicin (9 mg/kg/day), the TZB group (G3) received TZB (6 mg/kg/week), and the allicin+TZB group (G4) received 9 mg of allicin/kg/day +6 mg of TZB/kg/week. Heart specimens and blood samples were processed for histopathological, immunohistochemical, biochemical, and molecular investigations to determine the extent of cardiac injury in all groups. KEY FINDINGS The myocardium of G3 revealed significant increases in the numbers of inflammatory and apoptotic cells and the area percentage of collagen fibers and TNF-α immunoexpression compared with G1 and G2. Besides, qRT-PCR analysis exhibited significant reductions of SOD3, GPX1, and CAT expressions with significant increases in TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6, cTnI, cTnT, and LDH expressions. Additionally, flow cytometry analysis demonstrated a significant elevation in the apoptotic and ROS levels. In contrast, allicin+TZB cotherapy in G4 ameliorated all previous changes compared with G3. SIGNIFICANCE The current study proves that allicin could be used as a novel supplementary cardioprotective therapy to avoid TZB-induced cardiotoxicity via its anti-inflammatory, antifibrotic, antioxidant, antihyperlipidemic, and antiapoptotic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayman M Mousa
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia; Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt.
| | - Khaled E A Soliman
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Unaizah 51452, Saudi Arabia; Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt.
| | - Fahad A Alhumaydhi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ahmad Almatroudi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Khaled S Allemailem
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohammed A Alsahli
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Faris Alrumaihi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohammad Aljasir
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ameen S S Alwashmi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ahmed A Ahmed
- Research Center, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Arif Khan
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid A Al-Regaiey
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Naif AlSuhaymi
- Department of Emergency Medical Services, Faculty of Health Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, AlQunfudah, Makkah 21912, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mahdi H Alsugoor
- Department of Emergency Medical Services, Faculty of Health Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, AlQunfudah, Makkah 21912, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | - Abulmaaty M Elsayed
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Mutah University, Mutah, Jordan; Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt.
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Anticancer Effect of Ruscogenin in B(a)P-Induced Lung Cancer in Mice via Modulation of Proinflammatory Cytokines and Mitochondrial Enzymes. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2022; 194:5862-5877. [PMID: 35834054 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-04042-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer, one of the most often diagnosed malignancies, is the top cause of death in both men and women globally. In both developed and emerging countries, high incidences of cancer are becoming a huge health burden. Natural resources, including plants, have always been a possible source of lead compounds in the identification of optimal medications for cancer treatment, with natural resources accounting for around half of all anticancer drugs. Ruscogenin, a natural saponin, is a major component of Radix Ophiopogon japonicus with a well-established anticancer activity. In this study, the anticancer potential of ruscogenin against a B(a)P-challenged lung cancer model in mice was assessed. The mice were categorized into four groups: group I was as the control group, group II mice were challenged with B(a)P, group III rodents were treated with ruscogenin prior to challenge with B(a)P, and group IV rodents were treated with ruscogenin after B(a)P administration. Tumor incidence was calculated, and the following parameters were analyzed: body weight, lung weight, immunoglobulin (Ig) levels (IgG, IgA, and IgM), key marker enzymes, and proinflammatory cytokines in both treated and control mice. Lung tissues were analyzed via histopathological analysis. According to our results, all the markers that favor the growth of cancer were increased in the lung cancer group. After administration of ruscogenin, all the markers returned to their original levels, revealing the anticancer potential of ruscogenin.
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Zhang S, Liu T, Chen Q, Su M, Bai T, Zhang M, Hu Y, Li J, Chang F. Study on molecular mechanism of benzo (ɑ) pyrene on CMA by HSP90ɑ and HIF-1ɑ. Toxicol In Vitro 2022; 83:105372. [PMID: 35487446 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2022.105372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The effects of benzo (α) pyrene (BaP) on chaperone mediated autophagy (CMA) through heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) and hypoxia- inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is studied by RNA interference and subcutaneous tumor formation technique in nude mice. METHODS 40 nude mice that were inoculated with the silenced HSP90ɑ A549 cell line under the armpits of the forelimbs were divided into 4 groups, and were intragastrically administered with 1.80 mg/kg/d BaP-corn oil solutionfor for 60d (except the Control group), and the growth curves of nude mice and transplanted tumors were recorded. The size and morphological changes of tumors were observed by small animal imaging technique. qPCR, Western blot and Immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expression of HSP90ɑ, HSC70 and Lamp-2A. A549 cells were treated with 0.1 μmol/L, 1 μmol/L and 10 μmol/L BaP for 24 h, EPO and HIF-1ɑ concentration and HIF-1ɑ protein expression were detected by Elisa and Western blot; A549 cells were treated with 10 μmol/L BaP and HIF-1ɑ inhibitor for 24 h, qPCR, Western blot and Immunofluorescence method were used to detect the expression of HSP90ɑ, HSC70 and Lamp-2A. RESULTS The weight of nude mice and transplanted tumors silenced HSP90ɑ was reduced by BaP (P < 0.01); the expression of HSP90ɑ, HSC70, Lamp-2A mRNA and protein in transplanted tumor tissues silenced HSP90ɑ was reduced by BaP (P < 0.05); the total number of bioluminescence photons of transplanted tumors silenced HSP90ɑ was reduced by BaP (P < 0.01). The concentration of EPO and HIF-1ɑ and the expression of HIF-1ɑ protein in A549 cells was increased by 10 μmol/L BaP (P < 0.05); with HIF-1ɑ inhibitors treated, HSP90ɑ, HSC70, Lamp-2A mRNA and protein expression and the fluorescence intensity of HSP90ɑ was decreased of A549 cells (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The growth of transplanted tumor in nude mice is promoted by BaP, and is inhibited when HSP90ɑ was silenced. BaP promotes the occurrence of CMA by promoting the expression of HSP90ɑ and HIF-1ɑ, which is vital regulatory genes of BaP activation of CMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, PR China
| | - Tingting Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, PR China
| | - Qi Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, PR China
| | - Min Su
- School of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, PR China
| | - Tuya Bai
- School of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, PR China; New Drug Safety Evaluation Research Center, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, PR China; New Drug Screening Engineering Research Center of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, PR China
| | - Mengdi Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, PR China; New Drug Safety Evaluation Research Center, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, PR China; New Drug Screening Engineering Research Center of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, PR China
| | - Yuxia Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, PR China; New Drug Safety Evaluation Research Center, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, PR China; New Drug Screening Engineering Research Center of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, PR China
| | - Jun Li
- School of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, PR China; New Drug Safety Evaluation Research Center, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, PR China; New Drug Screening Engineering Research Center of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, PR China
| | - Fuhou Chang
- School of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, PR China; New Drug Safety Evaluation Research Center, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, PR China; New Drug Screening Engineering Research Center of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, PR China.
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Khan A, Alsahli MA, Aljasir MA, Maswadeh H, Mobark MA, Azam F, Allemailem KS, Alrumaihi F, Alhumaydhi FA, Almatroudi AA, AlSuhaymi N, Khan MA. Experimental and Theoretical Insights on Chemopreventive Effect of the Liposomal Thymoquinone Against Benzo[a]pyrene-Induced Lung Cancer in Swiss Albino Mice. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:2263-2280. [PMID: 35422652 PMCID: PMC9005154 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s358632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Thymoquinone (TQ), a phytoconstituent of Nigella sativa seeds, has been studied extensively in various cancer models. However, TQ’s limited water solubility restricts its therapeutic applicability. Our work aims to prepare the novel formulation of TQ and assess its chemopreventive potential in chemically induced lung cancer animal model. Methods The polyethylene glycol coated DOPE/CHEMS incorporating TQ-loaded pH-sensitive liposomes (TQPSL) were prepared and characterized. Mice were exposed to benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) thrice a week for 4 weeks to induce lung cancer. TQPSL was administered three times a week for 21 weeks, starting 2 weeks before the first dose of BaP. Results The prepared TQPSL revealed 85% entrapment efficiency with 128 nm size and −19.5 mv ζ-potential showing high stability of the formulation. The pretreatment of TQPSL showed the recovery in BaP-modulated relative organ weight of lungs, cancer marker enzymes, and antioxidant enzymes in the serum. The histopathological analysis of the tissues showed that TQPSL protected the malignancy in the lungs. The flow cytometry data revealed the induction of apoptosis and decreased intracellular ROS by TQPSL. Molecular docking was performed to predict the TQ’s affinity for eight possible anticancer drug targets linked to lung cancer etiology. The data assisted to identify the serine/threonine-protein kinase BRAF as the most suitable target of TQ with binding energy −6.8 kcal/mol. Conclusion The current findings demonstrated the potential of TQPSL and its possible therapeutic targets of lung cancer. To our knowledge, this is the first research to outline the development of TQ formulation against lung cancer considering its low solubility as well as pulmonary delivery challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arif Khan
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: Arif Khan, Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia, Tel +966 590038460, Fax +966 63801628, Email
| | - Mohammed A Alsahli
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad A Aljasir
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamzah Maswadeh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mugahid A Mobark
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kordofan, El-Obeid, Sudan
| | - Faizul Azam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah, 51911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled S Allemailem
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faris Alrumaihi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad A Alhumaydhi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad A Almatroudi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naif AlSuhaymi
- Department of Emergency Medical Services, Faculty of Health Sciences, AlQunfudah, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, 21912, Saudi Arabia
| | - Masood A Khan
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia
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Alrumaihi F, Khan MA, Babiker AY, Alsaweed M, Azam F, Allemailem KS, Almatroudi AA, Ahamad SR, Alsugoor MH, Alharbi KN, Almansour NM, Khan A. Lipid-Based Nanoparticle Formulation of Diallyl Trisulfide Chemosensitizes the Growth Inhibitory Activity of Doxorubicin in Colorectal Cancer Model: A Novel In Vitro, In Vivo and In Silico Analysis. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27072192. [PMID: 35408590 PMCID: PMC9000458 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Garlic’s main bioactive organosulfur component, diallyl trisulfide (DATS), has been widely investigated in cancer models. However, DATS is not suitable for clinical use due to its low solubility. The current study seeks to improve DATS bioavailability and assess its chemopreventive and chemosensitizing properties in an AOM-induced colorectal cancer model. The polyethylene glycol coated Distearoylphosphatidylcholine/Cholesterol (DSPC/Chol) comprising DATS-loaded DATSL and doxorubicin (DOXO)-encapsulated DOXL liposomes was prepared and characterized. The changes in the sensitivity of DATS and DOXO by DATSL and DOXL were evaluated in RKO and HT-29 colon cancer cells. The synergistic effect of DATSL and DOXL was studied by cell proliferation assay in the combinations of IC10, IC25, and IC35 of DATSL with the IC10 of DOXL. AOM, DATSL, and DOXL were administered to different groups of mice for a period of 21 weeks. The data exhibited ~93% and ~46% entrapment efficiency of DATSL and DOXL, respectively. The size of sham liposomes was 110.5 nm, whereas DATSL and DOXL were 135.5 nm and 169 nm, respectively. DATSL and DOXL exhibited significant sensitivity in the cell proliferation experiment, lowering their IC50 doses by more than 8- and 14-fold, respectively. However, the DATSL IC10, IC25, and IC35 showed escalating chemosensitivity, and treated the cells in combination with DOXL IC10. Analysis of histopathological, cancer marker enzymes, and antioxidant enzymes revealed that the high dose of DATSL pretreatment and DOXL chemotherapy is highly effective in inhibiting AOM-induced colon cancer promotion. The combination of DATSL and DOXL indicated promise as a colorectal cancer treatment in this study. Intermolecular interactions of DATS and DOXO against numerous cancer targets by molecular docking indicated MMP-9 as the most favourable target for DATS exhibiting binding energy of −4.6 kcal/mol. So far, this is the first research to demonstrate the chemopreventive as well as chemosensitizing potential of DATSL in an animal model of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faris Alrumaihi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (F.A.); (A.Y.B.); (K.S.A.); (A.A.A.); (K.N.A.)
| | - Masood Alam Khan
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ali Yousif Babiker
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (F.A.); (A.Y.B.); (K.S.A.); (A.A.A.); (K.N.A.)
| | - Mohammed Alsaweed
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Faizul Azam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah 51911, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Khaled S. Allemailem
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (F.A.); (A.Y.B.); (K.S.A.); (A.A.A.); (K.N.A.)
| | - Ahmad A. Almatroudi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (F.A.); (A.Y.B.); (K.S.A.); (A.A.A.); (K.N.A.)
| | - Syed Rizwan Ahamad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mahdi H. Alsugoor
- Department of Emergency Medical Services, Faculty of Health Sciences, AlQunfudah, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21912, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Khloud Nawaf Alharbi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia; (F.A.); (A.Y.B.); (K.S.A.); (A.A.A.); (K.N.A.)
| | - Nahlah Makki Almansour
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hafr Al Batin, Hafr Al Batin 31991, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Arif Khan
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-590038460; Fax: +966-63801628
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10
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Bukowska B, Duchnowicz P. Molecular Mechanisms of Action of Selected Substances Involved in the Reduction of Benzo[a]pyrene-Induced Oxidative Stress. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27041379. [PMID: 35209168 PMCID: PMC8878767 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27041379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) primarily formed by burning of fossil fuels, wood and other organic materials. BaP as group I carcinogen shows mutagenic and carcinogenic effects. One of the important mechanisms of action of (BaP) is its free radical activity, the effect of which is the induction of oxidative stress in cells. BaP induces oxidative stress through the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), disturbances of the activity of antioxidant enzymes, and the reduction of the level of non-enzymatic antioxidants as well as of cytokine production. Chemical compounds, such as vitamin E, curcumin, quercetin, catechin, cyanidin, kuromanin, berberine, resveratrol, baicalein, myricetin, catechin hydrate, hesperetin, rhaponticin, as well as taurine, atorvastatin, diallyl sulfide, and those contained in green and white tea, lower the oxidative stress induced by BaP. They regulate the expression of genes involved in oxidative stress and inflammation, and therefore can reduce the level of ROS. These substances remove ROS and reduce the level of lipid and protein peroxidation, reduce formation of adducts with DNA, increase the level of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants and reduce the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines. BaP can undergo chemical modification in the living cells, which results in more reactive metabolites formation. Some of protective substances have the ability to reduce BaP metabolism, and in particular reduce the induction of cytochrome (CYP P450), which reduces the formation of oxidative metabolites, and therefore decreases ROS production. The aim of this review is to discuss the oxidative properties of BaP, and describe protective activities of selected chemicals against BaP activity based on of the latest publications.
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11
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Mousa AM, Soliman KEA, Alhumaydhi F, Almatroudi A, Al Rugaie O, Allemailem KS, Alrumaihi F, Khan A, Rezk MY, Aljasir M, Alwashmi ASS, Aba Alkhayl FF, Albutti AS, Seleem HS. Garlic Extract Alleviates Trastuzumab-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats Through Its Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antihyperlipidemic Effects. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:6305-6316. [PMID: 34866928 PMCID: PMC8636847 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s339092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Trastuzumab is a new biological drug that has been used to treat breast and gastric cancer; however, its cardiotoxicity and hepatotoxicity limit its use. Garlic has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antihyperlipidemic, and anticancer effects. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of garlic on trastuzumab-induced hepatotoxicity in a rat model. Methods Twenty rats were divided into four equal groups as vehicle control (G1), garlic (G2), trastuzumab (G3), and trastuzumab+garlic (G4). All rats were sacrificed after eight weeks of treatment, followed by blood collection and excision of liver tissues for further analyses. The liver specimens were processed for histopathological (HP), immunohistochemical (expression of TNF-α and PCNA), immunofluorescent expression of Chk2 and p53, biochemical, and flow cytometry investigations to evaluate the extent of hepatocyte injury. The biochemical analysis was conducted for the activity of tissue antioxidants (GPX1, CAT, and SOD2), serum lipid profile, and liver enzymes, whereas ROS was performed by flow cytometry. Results The results revealed remarkable structural changes in hepatocytes of G3 with significant increases in the numbers of inflammatory cells and positive PCNA cells, area % of collagen fibers, and immuno-expression of TNF-α, as well as a significant reduction in the nuclear expression of Chk2. In addition, significant reductions were noticed in the antioxidant enzymes (SOD2, CAT, and GPX1) activity of G3. In contrast, the levels of lipid profile tests (triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDLC, and HDLC), liver enzymes (ALT, AST, and ALP), and ROS revealed significant increases in rats of G3. Likewise, garlic administration in G4 restored all mentioned changes to their average levels deviated by trastuzumab. Conclusion Based on the current results, garlic demonstrates hepatoprotective effects against trastuzumab-induced toxicity in rats. The study suggested for the first time that the coadministration of garlic with trastuzumab for treating breast or gastric cancer can augment their efficacy with minimal toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayman M Mousa
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, 13518, Egypt
| | - Khaled E A Soliman
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Unaizah, 51452, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Sohag Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, 82524, Egypt
| | - Fahad Alhumaydhi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Almatroudi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osamah Al Rugaie
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Unaizah, 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled S Allemailem
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faris Alrumaihi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arif Khan
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamad Y Rezk
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Unaizah, 51452, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Zagazig University, Al-Sharquia, 44519, Egypt
| | - Mohammad Aljasir
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ameen S S Alwashmi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faris F Aba Alkhayl
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aqel S Albutti
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanan S Seleem
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Unaizah, 51452, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebin Elkoum, Egypt
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12
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Mousa AM, Aldebasi YH. L-carnosine mitigates interleukin-1α-induced dry eye disease in rabbits via its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, and antifibrotic effects. Cutan Ocul Toxicol 2021; 40:241-251. [PMID: 34056995 DOI: 10.1080/15569527.2021.1935995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To elucidate the implications of L-carnosine on interleukin-1α (IL-1α)-induced inflammation of lacrimal glands (LGs). MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty rabbits were divided equally into four groups: control group (G1), IL-1α (G2), L-carnosine (G3), and L-carnosine plus IL-1α (G4). Several clinical, histopathological, immunohistochemical, morphometric, and biochemical investigations were performed, followed by statistical analysis to diagnose the presence of dry eye disease (DED). RESULTS The LGs of G2 rabbits showed degeneration of the acinar cells, increased deposition of collagen fibers, and marked immunoexpression of FasL; elevated levels of interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor-α, transforming growth factor-β1, and malondialdehyde; and decreased levels of glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and reactive oxygen species compared with those of G1 rabbits. In contrast, administration of L-carnosine to G4 rabbits revealed marked improvement of all previously harmful changes in G2 rabbits, indicating the cytoprotective effects of L-carnosine against IL-1α-induced inflammation of LGs. CONCLUSIONS IL-1α induced inflammation of LGs and eye dryness via oxidative stress, proinflammatory, apoptotic, and profibrotic effects, whereas L-carnosine mitigated DED through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, and antifibrotic effects on LGs. Therefore, this work demonstrates for the first time that L-carnosine may be used as adjuvant therapy for the preservation of visual integrity in patients with DED.HighlightsIL-1α induced dry eye disease through its oxidative stress, proinflammatory, apoptotic and profibrotic effects on the lacrimal glands of rabbit.L-carnosine has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic and antifibrotic effects.L-carnosine mitigated IL-1α induced dry eye disease via elevating the levels of FasL, IFN-γ, TNF-α, TGFβ1 and MDA as well as reducing the levels of antioxidants (GPx, SOD, and catalase) and ROS in the lacrimal glands of rabbit.L-carnosine could be used as a novel adjuvant therapy for the treatment of dry eye disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayman M Mousa
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Yousef H Aldebasi
- Department of Optometry, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
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13
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Mousa AM, Almatroudi A, Alwashmi AS, Abdulmonem WA, Aljohani ASM, Alhumaydhi FA, Alsahli MA, Alrumaihi F, Allemailem KS, Abdellatif AAH, Khan A, Khan MA, Alshabrmi FM, Alruwetei A, Aljasir M, Aba Alkhayl FF, Rahmani AH, Rugaie OA, Alnuqaydan AM, Alsagaby SA, Aldakheel FM, Almatroodi SA. Thyme oil alleviates Ova-induced bronchial asthma through modulating Th2 cytokines, IgE, TSLP and ROS. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 140:111726. [PMID: 34111725 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Bronchial asthma (BA) is a heterogeneous allergic respiratory disease with diverse inflammatory symptoms, pathology, and responses to treatment. Thyme is a natural product which is consisted of multiple phenolic compounds of therapeutic significance for treatment of cough and bronchitis. This study evaluated the efficacy of thyme oil against ovalbumin (OVA)-induced BA in an experimental rabbit model. Forty male rabbits were divided into four equal groups [control group (G1), OVA (G2), thyme oil (G3), and OVA plus thyme oil (G4)]. Animals were treated for 30 days, and clinical, histopathological (HP), histochemical (HC), immunohistochemical (IHC), morphometric, biochemical and flow cytometry methods were performed, followed by statistical analysis. All used methods revealed normal structure of the lung tissues in rabbits of G1 and G3. In contrast, the clinical examination of G2 rabbits revealed an obvious increase in the respiratory rate, sneezing and wheezing, whereas the HP, HC and IHC techniques exhibited substantial inflammatory changes in the peribronchio-vascular lung tissues with thinning, degeneration, apoptosis (using the TUNEL assay), necrosis, and shedding of the airway epithelium. Furthermore, the morphometric results confirmed significant increases in the numbers of inflammatory cells, goblet cells, eosinophils and apoptotic cells from (12, 0, 2, 2 cells) to (34,10, 16, 18 cells) respectively, as well as the area percentage of collagen fiber deposition and immunoexpression of eotaxin-1/10 high power fields. Additionally, the biochemical results revealed significant increases in the serum levels of TSLP, IL-4, IL-5, IL-9, IL-13, IgE and eotaxin-1 cytokines from (140, 40, 15, 38, 120, 100, 48) pg./ml to (360, 270, 130, 85, 365, 398, 110) pg./ml respectively, while analysis of ROS by flow cytometry revealed remarkable oxidative stress effects in G2 rabbits. On the other hand, treatment of rabbits with thyme oil in G4 substantially alleviated all OVA-induced alterations. Overall, our findings indicate for the first time that thyme oil can ameliorate OVA-induced BA via its immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, and antioxidant effects on the lung tissues of rabbits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayman M Mousa
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt.
| | - Ahmad Almatroudi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ameen S Alwashmi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Waleed Al Abdulmonem
- Department of pathology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Abdullah S M Aljohani
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agricultural and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Fahad A Alhumaydhi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohammed A Alsahli
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Faris Alrumaihi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Khaled S Allemailem
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ahmed A H Abdellatif
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt.
| | - Arif Khan
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Masood A Khan
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Fahad M Alshabrmi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Abdulmohsen Alruwetei
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohammad Aljasir
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Faris F Aba Alkhayl
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Arshad H Rahmani
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Osamah Al Rugaie
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Unaizah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Abdullah M Alnuqaydan
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Suliman A Alsagaby
- Department of Medical Laboratories Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Fahad M Aldakheel
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Saleh A Almatroodi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia.
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Khan A, Azam M, Allemailem KS, Alrumaihi F, Almatroudi A, Alhumaydhi FA, Ahmad HI, Khan MU, Khan MA. Coadministration of Ginger Extract and Fluconazole Shows a Synergistic Effect in the Treatment of Drug-Resistant Vulvovaginal Candidiasis. Infect Drug Resist 2021; 14:1585-1599. [PMID: 33907432 PMCID: PMC8071092 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s305503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Azoles are the most common antifungal drugs used in the treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC). The frequency of azole-resistant Candida isolates has increased dramatically in the last two decades. Here, we assessed the antifungal activity of a combination of fluconazole (FLZ) and methanolic extract of ginger (Meth-Gin) against drug-resistant vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) in a murine model. METHODS The in vitro activity of FLZ or a combination of FLZ and Meth-Gin was determined against Candida albicans by the agar well diffusion, macrodilution, time-kill and the biofilm eradication methods. The therapeutic efficacy of the formulations was assessed by analyzing the fungal load, pro-inflammatory cytokines, percent apoptotic cells and the histological changes in the vaginal tissues of the mice. Moreover, the renal toxicity the drug formulation was evaluated by analyzing the levels of the blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine. RESULTS The results of in vitro study demonstrated that FLZ did not show any activity against C. albicans, whereas a combination of FLZ and Meth-Gin demonstrated greater activity as shown by the data of the zone of growth inhibition, MIC and time-kill assay. FLZ or Meth-Gin treatment could not completely cure VVC, whereas a combination of FLZ and Meth-Gin was greatly effective in the treatment of VVC. The vaginal tissue from mice of the infected control group had the highest fungal load of 155370 ± 20617 CFUs. Treatment with FLZ at a dose of 40 mg/kg reduced the fungal load to 120863 ± 10723 CFUs. Interestingly, the mice treated with a combination of FLZ (40 mg/kg) and Meth-Gin (200 mg/kg) had a fungal load of 256 ± 152 CFUs. Besides, FLZ and Meth-Gin combination effectively reduced the pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-17) and the percentage of apoptotic cells in the vaginal tissues. Likewise, the histological analysis revealed the epithelial necrosis, shedding and ulceration in the vaginal tissue, whereas treatment with FLZ and Meth-Gin combination reversed the histopathological changes in the vaginal epithelium and lamina propria. CONCLUSION The findings of the current study suggest that the co-administration of Meth-Gin and FLZ may have a potential therapeutic effect in the treatment of azole-resistant candidiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arif Khan
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Azam
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled S Allemailem
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faris Alrumaihi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Almatroudi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad A Alhumaydhi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hafiz Iqtidar Ahmad
- Department of Tashreeh Wa Munafeul Aza, Faculty of Unani Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - Masih Uzzaman Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Masood Alam Khan
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, Saudi Arabia
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15
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Khan A. Liposomal thymoquinone, a novel drug formulation: Hope for lung cancer treatment. Int J Health Sci (Qassim) 2021; 15:1-2. [PMID: 34234629 PMCID: PMC8220641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Arif Khan
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia,Address for correspondence: Arif Khan, Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia. Mobile: +966590038460. E-mail:
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