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Yu X, Wang S, Ji Z, Meng J, Mou Y, Wu X, Yang X, Xiong P, Li M, Guo Y. Ferroptosis: An important mechanism of disease mediated by the gut-liver-brain axis. Life Sci 2024; 347:122650. [PMID: 38631669 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
AIMS As a unique iron-dependent non-apoptotic cell death, Ferroptosis is involved in the pathogenesis and development of many human diseases and has become a research hotspot in recent years. However, the regulatory role of ferroptosis in the gut-liver-brain axis has not been elucidated. This paper summarizes the regulatory role of ferroptosis and provides theoretical basis for related research. MATERIALS AND METHODS We searched PubMed, CNKI and Wed of Science databases on ferroptosis mediated gut-liver-brain axis diseases, summarized the regulatory role of ferroptosis on organ axis, and explained the adverse effects of related regulatory effects on various diseases. KEY FINDINGS According to our summary, the main way in which ferroptosis mediates the gut-liver-brain axis is oxidative stress, and the key cross-talk of ferroptosis affecting signaling pathway network is Nrf2/HO-1. However, there were no specific marker between different organ axes mediate by ferroptosis. SIGNIFICANCE Our study illustrates the main ways and key cross-talk of ferroptosis mediating the gut-liver-brain axis, providing a basis for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Yu
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, Shandong, China
| | - Shihao Wang
- College of Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, Shandong, China
| | - Zhongjie Ji
- College of Acupuncture and Massage, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, Shandong, China
| | - Jiaqi Meng
- College of Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, Shandong, China
| | - Yunying Mou
- College of Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, Shandong, China
| | - Xinyi Wu
- College of Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, Shandong, China
| | - Xu Yang
- College of Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, Shandong, China
| | - Panyang Xiong
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, Shandong, China
| | - Mingxia Li
- Nursing School, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, Shandong, China
| | - Yinghui Guo
- College of Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, Shandong, China.
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Wang X, Wen X, Yuan S, Zhang J. Gut-brain axis in the pathogenesis of sepsis-associated encephalopathy. Neurobiol Dis 2024; 195:106499. [PMID: 38588753 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The gut-brain axis is a bidirectional communication network linking the gut and the brain, overseeing digestive functions, emotional responses, body immunity, brain development, and overall health. Substantial research highlights a connection between disruptions of the gut-brain axis and various psychiatric and neurological conditions, including depression and Alzheimer's disease. Given the impact of the gut-brain axis on behavior, cognition, and brain diseases, some studies have started to pay attention to the role of the axis in sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE), where cognitive impairment is the primary manifestation. SAE emerges as the primary and earliest form of organ dysfunction following sepsis, potentially leading to acute cognitive impairment and long-term cognitive decline in patients. Notably, the neuronal damage in SAE does not stem directly from the central nervous system (CNS) infection but rather from an infection occurring outside the brain. The gut-brain axis is posited as a pivotal factor in this process. This review will delve into the gut-brain axis, exploring four crucial pathways through which inflammatory signals are transmitted and elevate the incidence of SAE. These pathways encompass the vagus nerve pathway, the neuroendocrine pathway involving the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and serotonin (5-HT) regulation, the neuroimmune pathway, and the microbial regulation. These pathways can operate independently or collaboratively on the CNS to modulate brain activity. Understanding how the gut affects and regulates the CNS could offer the potential to identify novel targets for preventing and treating this condition, ultimately enhancing the prognosis for individuals with SAE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, PR China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, PR China
| | - Xiaoyue Wen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, PR China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, PR China
| | - Shiying Yuan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, PR China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, PR China.
| | - Jiancheng Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, PR China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, PR China.
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Zhao L, Zhang Z, Wang P, Zhang N, Shen H, Wu H, Wei Z, Yang F, Wang Y, Yu Z, Li H, Hu Z, Zhai H, Wang Z, Su F, Xie K, Li Y. NHH promotes Sepsis-associated Encephalopathy with the expression of AQP4 in astrocytes through the gut-brain Axis. J Neuroinflammation 2024; 21:138. [PMID: 38802927 PMCID: PMC11131257 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-024-03135-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a significant cause of mortality in patients with sepsis. Despite extensive research, its exact cause remains unclear. Our previous research indicated a relationship between non-hepatic hyperammonemia (NHH) and SAE. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between NHH and SAE and the potential mechanisms causing cognitive impairment. In the in vivo experimental results, there were no significant abnormalities in the livers of mice with moderate cecal ligation and perforation (CLP); however, ammonia levels were elevated in the hippocampal tissue and serum. The ELISA study suggest that fecal microbiota transplantation in CLP mice can reduce ammonia levels. Reduction in ammonia levels improved cognitive dysfunction and neurological impairment in CLP mice through behavioral, neuroimaging, and molecular biology studies. Further studies have shown that ammonia enters the brain to regulate the expression of aquaporins-4 (AQP4) in astrocytes, which may be the mechanism underlying brain dysfunction in CLP mice. The results of the in vitro experiments showed that ammonia up-regulated AQP4 expression in astrocytes, resulting in astrocyte damage. The results of this study suggest that ammonia up-regulates astrocyte AQP4 expression through the gut-brain axis, which may be a potential mechanism for the occurrence of SAE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Zhao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Pei Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Nannan Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Hao Shen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Hening Wu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Zhiyong Wei
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Fei Yang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Chifeng Municipal Hospital, Chifeng Clinical Medical College of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Chifeng, 024000, China
| | - Yunying Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Chifeng Municipal Hospital, Chifeng Clinical Medical College of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Chifeng, 024000, China
| | - Zhijie Yu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Chifeng Municipal Hospital, Chifeng Clinical Medical College of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Chifeng, 024000, China
| | - Haibo Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chifeng Municipal Hospital, Chifeng Clinical Medical College of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Chifeng, 024000, China
| | - Zhanfei Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chifeng Municipal Hospital, Chifeng Clinical Medical College of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Chifeng, 024000, China
| | - Hongyan Zhai
- Department of Ultrasound, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Fuhong Su
- Experimental Laboratory of the Department of Intensive Care, Erasme Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, 1070, Belgium
| | - Keliang Xie
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China.
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Institute of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China.
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Institute of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China.
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Luo Y, Fu S, Liu Y, Kong S, Liao Q, Lin L, Li H. Banxia Xiexin decoction modulates gut microbiota and gut microbiota metabolism to alleviate DSS-induced ulcerative colitis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 326:117990. [PMID: 38423412 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Banxia Xiexin decoction (BXD) is a classic traditional Chinese medicine prescription for treating ulcerative colitis (UC). However, its potential mechanism of action is still unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY Reveal the correlation between the beneficial impacts of BXD on UC and the composition of the gut microbiota. MATERIALS AND METHODS The major constituents of BXD were identified using the HPLC-DAD technique. An experimental model of UC was induced in male C57BL/6 mice by administering dextran sodium sulfate (DSS). A total of 48 mice were divided into different groups, including control, model, high-dose BXD treatment, medium-dose BXD treatment, low-dose BXD treatment, and a group treated with 5-amino acid salicylic acid (5-ASA). Body weight changes and disease activity index (DAI) scores were documented; colon length, colon index, spleen index, and thymus index scores were determined; myeloperoxidase (MPO) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) activities were assessed; and histological staining with hematoxylin-eosin and alcian blue/phosphate Schiff was performed. The immunofluorescence technique was employed to examine the presence of ZO-1 and occludin in the colon tissue. 16S rRNA sequencing was employed to assess the gut microbiota's diversity and metabolomics was utilized to examine alterations in metabolites within the gut microbiota. The impact of BXD on the gut microbiota was confirmed through fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). RESULTS BXD exhibited a positive impact on UC mice, particularly in the high-dose BXD treatment group. The BXD group experienced weight recovery, decreased DAI scores, improved colon length, and restored of spleen and thymus index scores compared to the DSS group. Additionally, BXD alleviated colon damage and the inflammatory response while restoring intestinal barrier function. FMT in BXD-treated mice also showed therapeutic effects in UC mice. At the phylum level, the relative abundance of Desulfobacterota, Deferribacterota and Actinobacteriota increased; at the genus level, g__norank__f__Muribaculaceae, Dubosiella, Akkermansia, and Lactobacillus increased, whereas Faecalibaculum, Alloprevotella, Turicibacter, and g_Paraprevotella decreased. g__norank_f__Muribaculaceae was positively correlated with body weight and colon length and negatively with colon index scores, splenic index scores, and MPO levels; Alloprevotella was positively correlated with splenic index scores, histological scores, and TNF-α levels and negatively with thymus index scores and thymus index scores. Faecalibaculum was positively correlated with colon index scores and MPO levels. Metabolic investigations revealed 58 potential indicators, primarily associated with the metabolism of amino acids, purines, and lipids. Alloprevotella, g_Paraprevotella, and Bifidobacterium were strongly associated with metabolic pathways. CONCLUSION BXD showed beneficial therapeutic effects in UC mice. The mechanism may be by promoting the balance and variety of gut microbiota, as well as regulating the metabolism of amino acids, purines, and lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Luo
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Sai Fu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Yuling Liu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Shasha Kong
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Qian Liao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Longfei Lin
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Hui Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Industry, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Nanchang, 330000, China; Jiangxi Health Industry Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330000, China.
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Li T, Hu X, Fan L, Yang Y, He K. Myricanol improves metabolic profiles in dexamethasone induced lipid and protein metabolism disorders in mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 174:116557. [PMID: 38583337 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Myricanol (MY) is one of the main active components from bark of Myrica Rubra. It is demonstrated that MY rescues dexamethasone (DEX)-induced muscle dysfunction via activating silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) and increasing adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation. Since SIRT1 and AMPK are widely involved in the metabolism of nutrients, we speculated that MY may exert beneficial effects on DEX-induced metabolic disorders. This study for the first time applied widely targeted metabolomics to investigate the beneficial effects of MY on glucose, lipids, and protein metabolism in DEX-induced metabolic abnormality in mice. The results showed that MY significantly reversed DEX-induced soleus and gastrocnemius muscle weight loss, muscle fiber damage, and muscle strength loss. MY alleviated DEX-induced metabolic disorders by increasing SIRT1 and glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4) expressions. Additionally, myricanol prevented muscle cell apoptosis and atrophy by inhibiting caspase 3 cleavages and muscle ring-finger protein-1 (MuRF1) expression. Metabolomics showed that MY treatment reversed the serum content of carnitine ph-C1, palmitoleic acid, PS (16:0_17:0), PC (14:0_20:5), PE (P-18:1_16:1), Cer (t18:2/38:1(2OH)), four amino acids and their metabolites, and 16 glycerolipids in DEX mice. Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) and metabolic set enrichment analysis (MSEA) analysis revealed that MY mainly affected metabolic pathways, glycerolipid metabolism, lipolysis, fat digestion and absorption, lipid and atherosclerosis, and cholesterol metabolism pathways through regulation of metabolites involved in glutathione, butanoate, vitamin B6, glycine, serine and threonine, arachidonic acid, and riboflavin metabolism. Collectively, MY can be used as an attractive therapeutic agent for DEX-induced metabolic abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiandan Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Dong Medicine, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Synthetic Biology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, Hunan 418000, China
| | - Xiaochao Hu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Dong Medicine, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Synthetic Biology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, Hunan 418000, China
| | - Lingyang Fan
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Dong Medicine, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Synthetic Biology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, Hunan 418000, China
| | - Yong Yang
- chool of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, China.
| | - Kai He
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Dong Medicine, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Synthetic Biology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, Hunan 418000, China.
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Hua X, Zhang J, Chen J, Feng R, Zhang L, Chen X, Jiang Q, Yang C, Liang C. Sodium butyrate alleviates experimental autoimmune prostatitis by inhibiting oxidative stress and NLRP3 inflammasome activation via the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Prostate 2024; 84:666-681. [PMID: 38444115 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic prostatitis and chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) leads to severe discomfort in males and loss of sperm quality. Current therapeutic options have failed to achieve satisfactory results. Sodium butyrate (NaB) plays a beneficial role in reducing inflammation, increasing antioxidant capacities, and improving organ dysfunction; additionally NaB has good safety prospects and great potential for clinical application. The purpose of the current research was to study the effect of NaB on CP/CPPS and the underlying mechanisms using a mouse model of experimental autoimmune prostatitis (EAP) mice. METHODS The EAP mouse model was successfully established by subcutaneously injecting a mixture of prostate antigen and complete Freund's adjuvant. Then, EAP mice received daily intraperitoneal injections of NaB (100, 200, or 400 mg/kg/day) for 16 days, from Days 26 to 42. We then explored anti-inflammatory potential mechanisms of NaB by studying the effects of Nrf2 inhibitor ML385 and HO-1 inhibitor zinc protoporphyrin on prostate inflammation and pelvic pain using this model. On Day 42, hematoxylin-eosin staining and dihydroethidium staining were used to evaluate the histological changes and oxidative stress levels of prostate tissues. Chronic pelvic pain was assessed by applying Von Frey filaments to the lower abdomen. The levels of inflammation-related cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The regulation of Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway and the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome-related protein in EAP mice were detected by western blot analysis assay. RESULTS Compared with the EAP group, chronic pain development, histological manifestations, and cytokine levels showed that NaB reduced the severity of EAP. NaB treatment could inhibit NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Mechanism studies showed that NaB intervention could alleviate oxidative stress in EAP mice through Nrf2/HO-1 signal pathway. Nrf2/HO-1 pathway inhibitors can inhibit NaB -mediated oxidative stress. The inhibitory effect of NaB on the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and anti-inflammatory effect can also be blocked by Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. CONCLUSIONS NaB treatment can alleviates prostatic inflammation and pelvic pain associated with EAP by inhibiting oxidative stress and NLRP3 inflammasome activation via the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. NaB has the potential as an effective agent in the treatment of EAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoliang Hua
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiong Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Peking University Fifth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Chen
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, The College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Rui Feng
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xianguo Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Qing Jiang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Cheng Yang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Chaozhao Liang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Wu K, Gong W, Lin S, Huang S, Mu H, Wang M, Sheng J, Zhao C. Regulation of Sacha Inchi protein on fecal metabolism and intestinal microorganisms in mice. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1354486. [PMID: 38524850 PMCID: PMC10959099 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1354486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction With the increasing demand for protein utilization, exploring new protein resources has become a research hotspot. Sacha Inchi Protein (SIP) is a high-quality plant protein extracted from Sacha Inchi meal. This study aimed to investigate the impact of SIP on mouse metabolomics and gut microbiota diversity and explore the underlying pathways responsible for its health benefits. Methods In this study, the structural composition of SIP was investigated, and the effects of SIP on fecal metabolomics and intestinal microorganisms in mice were explored by LC-MS metabolomics technology analysis and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Results The results showed that SIP was rich in amino acids, with the highest Manuscript Click here to view linked References content of arginine, which accounted for 22.98% of the total amino acid content; the potential fecal metabolites of mice in the SIP group involved lipid metabolism, sphingolipid metabolism, arginine biosynthesis, and amino acid metabolism; SIP altered the microbial composition of the cecum in mice, decreased the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes value, and It decreased the abundance of the harmful intestinal bacteria Actinobacteriota and Desulfobacterota, and increased the abundance of the beneficial intestinal bacteria Faecalibaculum, Dubosiella. Discussion In conclusion, SIP is a high-quality plant protein with great potential for development in lipid-lowering, intestinal health, and mental illness, providing valuable clues for further research on its health-promoting mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan Wu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | | | - Shiyang Lin
- Pu'er Agricultural Science Research Institute, Pu-er, China
| | - Si Huang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Hongyu Mu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Mingming Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Jun Sheng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Plateau Characteristic Agricultural Industry Research Institute, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Province Characteristic Resource Food Biological Manufacturing Engineering Research Center, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Cunchao Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Province Characteristic Resource Food Biological Manufacturing Engineering Research Center, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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Wu W, Pan Y, Zheng T, Sun H, Li X, Zhu H, Wang Z, Zhou X. Limonin alleviates high-fat diet-induced dyslipidemia by regulating the intestinal barrier via the microbiota-related ILC3-IL22-IL22R pathway. Food Funct 2024; 15:2679-2692. [PMID: 38375746 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo04530g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
High-fat diet (HFD)-induced dyslipidemia is frequently accompanied by gut microbiota dysbiosis and a compromised gut barrier. Enhancing the intestinal barrier function emerges as a potential therapeutic approach for dyslipidemia. The ILC3-IL22-IL22R pathway, which responds to dietary and microbial signals, has not only attracted attention for its crucial role in maintaining the intestinal barrier, but recent reports have also suggested its potential in regulating lipid metabolism. Limonin is derived from the Chinese herb Evodiae fructus, which has shown potential in ameliorating dysbiosis of serum lipids. However, its underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Consequently, targeting the ILC3-IL22-IL22R pathway to enhance intestinal barrier function holds promise as a therapeutic approach for dyslipidemia. In this study, male C57BL/6 mice were subjected to a 16-week HFD to induce dyslipidemia and concurrently administered oral limonin. We discovered that limonin supplementation dramatically reduced serum lipid profiles in HFD-fed mice, significantly curbing HFD-induced weight gain and epididymal fat accumulation. Ileal histopathological evaluation indicated limonin's ameliorative effects on HFD-induced intestinal barrier impairment. Limonin also moderated the intestinal microbiota dysbiosis, which is characterized by the elevation of Firmicutes in HFD mice, and notably amplified the abundance of probiotic Lactobacillus. In addition, supported by flow cytometry and other analyses, we observed that limonin upregulated the ILC3-IL22-IL22R pathway, enhancing phosphorylated STAT3 (pSTAT3) in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs), thereby reducing lipid transporter expression. In conclusion, our study revealed that limonin exerted a promising preventive effect against HFD-induced dyslipidemia by the mitigation of the intestinal barrier function and intestinal microbiota, and its mechanism was related to the upregulation of the ILC3-IL22-IL22R pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangling Wu
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Yingying Pan
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Tianyan Zheng
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Haoyi Sun
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Xia Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Haiyan Zhu
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Zheng Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Xin Zhou
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
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Lan Z, Tang X, Lu M, Hu Z, Tang Z. The role of short-chain fatty acids in central nervous system diseases: A bibliometric and visualized analysis with future directions. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26377. [PMID: 38434086 PMCID: PMC10906301 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are thought to play a key role in the microbe-gut-brain axis and involve in the pathogenesis of a variety of neurological diseases. This study aimed to identify research hotspots and evolution trends in SCFAs in central nervous diseases (CNS) and examine current research trends. Methods The bibliometric analysis was performed using CiteSpace, and the results were visualized via network maps. Results From 2002 to 2022, 480 publications in the database met the criteria. On the country level, China produced the highest number of publications, while the United States had the highest centrality. On the institutional level, University College Cork contributed to the most publications, and John F. Cryan from this university was the key researcher with considerable academic influence. The article, the role of short-chain fatty acids in microbiota-gut-brain, written by Boushra Dalile et al., in 2019 was the most cited article. Furthermore, the journal Nutrients had the maximum number of publications, while Plos One was the most cited journal. "Gut microbiome", "SCFAs", and "central nervous system" were the three most frequent keywords. Among them, SCFAs had the highest centrality. "Animal model" was the keyword with the highest burst strength, with the latest burst keywords being "social behavior", "pathogenesis", and "insulin sensitive". In addition, the research topics on SCFAs in CNS diseases from 2002 to 2022 mainly focused on following aspects: SCFAs plays a key role in microbe-gut-brain crosstalk; The classification and definition of SCFAs in the field of CNS; Several CNS diseases that are closely related to SCFAs research; Mechanism and translational studies of SCFAs in the CNS diseases. And the hotspots over the past 5 years have gradually increased the attention to the therapeutic potential of SCFAs in the CNS diseases. Conclusion The research of SCFAs in CNS diseases is attracting growing attention. However, there is a lack of cooperation between countries and institutions, and additional measures are required to promote cooperation. The current evidence for an association between SCFAs and CNS diseases is preliminary and more work is needed to pinpoint the precise mechanism. Moreover, large-scale clinical trials are needed in the future to define the therapeutic potential of SCFAs in CNS diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Lan
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Xiangqi Tang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Ming Lu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurorestoratology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410003, Hunan, China
| | - Zhiping Hu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Zhenchu Tang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
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Hu XM, Song LZX, Zhang ZZ, Ruan X, Li HC, Yu Z, Huang L. Electroacupuncture at ST25 corrected gut microbial dysbiosis and SNpc lipid peroxidation in Parkinson's disease rats. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1358525. [PMID: 38450172 PMCID: PMC10915097 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1358525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Parkinson's disease (PD) remains one kind of a complex, progressive neurodegenerative disease. Levodopa and dopamine agonists as widely utilized PD therapeutics have not shown significant positive long-term outcomes. Emerging evidences indicate that electroacupuncture (EA) have potential effects on the therapy of nervous system disorders, particularly PD, but its specific underlying mechanism(s) remains poorly understood, leading to the great challenge of clinical application and management. Previous study has shown that acupuncture ameliorates PD motor symptoms and dopaminergic neuron damage by modulating intestinal dysbiosis, but its intermediate pathway has not been sufficiently investigated. Methods A rat model of PD was induced using rotenone. The therapeutic effect of EA on PD was assessed using the pole and rotarod tests and immunohistostaining for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in the substantia nigra (SN) of brain. The role of gut microbiota was explored using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and metabonomic analysis. PICRUSt2 analysis, lipidomic analysis, LPS and inflammatory factor assays were used for subsequent exploration and validation. Correlation analysis was used to identify the key bacteria that EA regulates lipid metabolism to improve PD. Results The present study firstly reappeared the effects of EA on protecting motor function and dopaminergic neurons and modulation of gut microbial dysbiosis in rotenone-induced PD rat model. EA improved motor dysfunction (via the pole and rotarod tests) and protected TH+ neurons in PD rats. EA increased the abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Lactobacillus, Dubosiella and Bifidobacterium and decreased the abundance of Escherichia-Shigella and Morganella belonging to Pseudomonadota, suggesting that the modulation of gut microbiota by EA improving the symptoms of PD motility via alleviating LPS-induced inflammatory response and oxidative stress, which was also validated by various aspects such as microbial gene functional analysis, fecal metabolomics analysis, LPS and inflammatory factor assays and SNpc lipidomics analysis. Moreover, correlation analyses also verified strong correlations of Escherichia-Shigella and Morganella with motor symptoms and SNpc lipid peroxidation, explicating targets and intermediate pathways through which EA improve PD exercise symptom. Conclusion Our results indicate that the improvement of motor function in PD model by EA may be mediated in part by restoring the gut microbiota, which intermediate processes involve circulating endotoxins and inflammatory mediators, SNpc oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation. The gut-microbiome - brain axis may be a potential mechanism of EA treatment for the PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan-ming Hu
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Rheumatology of Zhejiang Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li-zhe-xiong Song
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion, Tuina of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhi-zi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion, Tuina of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xi Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Rheumatology of Zhejiang Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hai-chang Li
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Rheumatology of Zhejiang Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhi Yu
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Lin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Rheumatology of Zhejiang Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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Zhang J, Chen S, Hu X, Huang L, Loh P, Yuan X, Liu Z, Lian J, Geng L, Chen Z, Guo Y, Chen B. The role of the peripheral system dysfunction in the pathogenesis of sepsis-associated encephalopathy. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1337994. [PMID: 38298892 PMCID: PMC10828041 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1337994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a condition that greatly impacts the brain, leading to neurological dysfunction and heightened mortality rates, making it one of the primary organs affected. Injury to the central nervous system can be attributed to dysfunction of various organs throughout the entire body and imbalances within the peripheral immune system. Furthermore, central nervous system injury can create a vicious circle with infection-induced peripheral immune disorders. We collate the pathogenesis of septic encephalopathy, which involves microglial activation, programmed cell death, mitochondrial dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum stress, neurotransmitter imbalance, and blood-brain barrier disruption. We also spotlight the effects of intestinal flora and its metabolites, enterocyte-derived exosomes, cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway, peripheral T cells and their cytokines on septic encephalopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Zhang
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuangli Chen
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiyou Hu
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Lihong Huang
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - PeiYong Loh
- School of International Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinru Yuan
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinyu Lian
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Lianqi Geng
- Binhai New Area Hospital of TCM, Fourth Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of TCM, Tianjin, China
| | - Zelin Chen
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine Theory of Innovation and Application, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- School of Acupuncture and Moxibustion and Tuina, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Yi Guo
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine Theory of Innovation and Application, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Binhai New Area Hospital of TCM, Fourth Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of TCM, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine Theory of Innovation and Application, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- School of Acupuncture and Moxibustion and Tuina, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
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Ye X, Sun P, Lao S, Wen M, Zheng R, Lin Y, Gan L, Fan X, Wang P, Li Z, Yan X, Zhao L. Fgf21-Dubosiella axis mediates the protective effects of exercise against NAFLD development. Life Sci 2023; 334:122231. [PMID: 37935276 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
AIM To explore the mechanism of gut microbiota mediates protective effects of exercise against non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) development. MAIN METHODS The male C57BL/6 mice were fed with high fat food (HFD) or normal diet (CON) respectively, and the obese mice were randomly divided into sedentariness (HFD) and exercise groups (HFD + Exe). The total intervention period was 18 weeks. Antibiotic treatment and fecal microbiota transplantation were applied to evaluate gut microbiota mediates the protective effects of exercise against NAFLD development. 16S rDNA profiling of gut microbiota and extracorporeal rehydration of Dubosiella newyorkensis were performed to identify the crucial role of Dubosiella in NAFLD improvement during exercise training. FGF21 knock-out mice were used to reveal the potential mechanism of exercise increased the abundance of Dubosiella. RT-PCR, Western blot, Histopathological examinations and Biochemical testing were performed to evaluate the lipid deposition and function in the liver. KEY FINDINGS Treadmill exercise significantly ameliorated hepatic function and mitigated lipid accumulation in NAFLD mice, and these hepatoprotective benefits were mostly mediated by the Dubosiella. In addition, the increased abundance of Dubosiella during exercise training was modulated by FGF21 specifically. SIGNIFICANCE In short, Dubosiella, chiefly regulated by FGF21 signaling during exercise training, has been discovered to govern the protective impacts of exercising counter to the development of NAFLD and exhibits a promising treatment target for NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochun Ye
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, 325035 Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 325035 Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Peng Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, 325035 Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; Cixi Biomedical Research Institute, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuaiwei Lao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, 325035 Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Meiyun Wen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, 325035 Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ruofang Zheng
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 325035 Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuanyuan Lin
- Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 325035 Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lipeng Gan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, 325035 Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; Cixi Biomedical Research Institute, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xia Fan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, 325035 Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhiyong Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, 325035 Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; Cixi Biomedical Research Institute, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Xiaoqing Yan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China; Cixi Biomedical Research Institute, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Longwei Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, 325035 Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; Department of Neonatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 325035 Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China; Cixi Biomedical Research Institute, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China.
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13
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He S, Lin F, Hu X, Pan P. Gut Microbiome-Based Therapeutics in Critically Ill Adult Patients-A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:4734. [PMID: 38004128 PMCID: PMC10675331 DOI: 10.3390/nu15224734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in the human microenvironment. Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is a common pathophysiological phenomenon in critically ill patients. Therefore, utilizing intestinal microbiota to prevent complications and improve the prognosis of critically ill patients is a possible therapeutic direction. The gut microbiome-based therapeutics approach focuses on improving intestinal microbiota homeostasis by modulating its diversity, or treating critical illness by altering the metabolites of intestinal microbiota. There is growing evidence that fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), selective digestive decontamination (SDD), and microbiota-derived therapies are all effective treatments for critical illness. However, different treatments are appropriate for different conditions, and more evidence is needed to support the selection of optimal gut microbiota-related treatments for different diseases. This narrative review summarizes the curative effects and limitations of microbiome-based therapeutics in different critically ill adult patients, aiming to provide possible directions for gut microbiome-based therapeutics for critically ill patients such as ventilator-associated pneumonia, sepsis, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and COVID-19, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyue He
- Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; (S.H.); (F.L.)
- FuRong Laboratory, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Fengyu Lin
- Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; (S.H.); (F.L.)
- FuRong Laboratory, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Xinyue Hu
- Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; (S.H.); (F.L.)
- FuRong Laboratory, Changsha 410078, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha 410008, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Disease, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Pinhua Pan
- Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; (S.H.); (F.L.)
- FuRong Laboratory, Changsha 410078, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha 410008, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Disease, Changsha 410008, China
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Hu L, Bai Y, Lai C, Mo L, Li Y, Jiang X, Xu W, He Y, Zhou X, Chen C. Plasma indole-3-aldehyde as a novel biomarker of acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery: a reanalysis using prospective metabolomic data. BMC Anesthesiol 2023; 23:364. [PMID: 37936070 PMCID: PMC10629179 DOI: 10.1186/s12871-023-02330-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a frequent complication of cardiac surgery that poses significant risks for both the development of chronic kidney diseases and mortality. Our previous study illustrated that heightened expression levels of faecal and plasma indole metabolites before the operation were associated with ischemic AKI. In this study, we aimed to validate the supposition that plasma indole-3-aldehyde (I3A) could serve as a predictive biomarker for AKI in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. METHODS This statistical reanalysis utilized AKI metabolomic data from patients scheduled for cardiac surgery between April 2022 and July 2022 in two tertiary hospitals. Faecal and blood samples were prospectively collected before surgery within 24 h, and variables related to the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative periods were recorded. AKI diagnosis was based on the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes criteria. RESULTS In this study, 55 patients who underwent cardiac surgery were analyzed, and 27 of them (49.1%) developed postoperative AKI. Before surgery, these patients had significantly higher levels of faecal indole metabolites, including skatole, trans-3-indoleacrylic acid, and 5-methoxyindoleacetic acid. The plasma I3A, clinical model that considered perioperative and intraoperative variables, and their combination had area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) values of 0.79 (95% CI 0.67-0.91), 0.78 (95% CI 0.66-0.90), and 0.84 (95% CI 0.74-0.94) for predicting AKI, respectively. Furthermore, by utilizing net reclassification improvement and integrated discrimination improvement, plasma I3A showed significant improvements in risk reclassification compared to the clinical model alone. CONCLUSIONS The dysregulation of gut microbiota metabolism in patients scheduled for cardiac surgery can result in an increase in indoles from tryptophan metabolism, which may be associated with postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI). This suggests that indoles may serve as a predictive biomarker for AKI in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linhui Hu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Maoming People's Hospital, No. 101 Weimin Road, Maoming, 525000, Guangdong Province, China
- Center of Scientific Research, Maoming People's Hospital, No. 101 Weimin Road, Maoming, 525000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yunpeng Bai
- Center of Scientific Research, Maoming People's Hospital, No. 101 Weimin Road, Maoming, 525000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Changchun Lai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Maoming People's Hospital, No. 101 Weimin Road, Maoming, 525000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Leitong Mo
- Department of Coronary Care Unit, Maoming People's Hospital, No. 101 Weimin Road, Maoming, 525000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Intensive Care Unit of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 106 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xinyi Jiang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 106 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, China
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, No. 382 Waihuan East Road, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wang Xu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 106 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, No. 1023 Shatai South Road, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yuemei He
- Center of Scientific Research, Maoming People's Hospital, No. 101 Weimin Road, Maoming, 525000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xinjuan Zhou
- Center of Scientific Research, Maoming People's Hospital, No. 101 Weimin Road, Maoming, 525000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Chunbo Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China.
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Cui Y, Guo P, Ning M, Yue Y, Yuan Y, Yue T. Kluyveromyces marxianus supplementation ameliorates alcohol-induced liver injury associated with the modulation of gut microbiota in mice. Food Funct 2023; 14:9920-9935. [PMID: 37853829 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo01796f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the intervention effect of the potential probiotic Kluyveromyces marxianus YG-4 isolated from Tibetan kefir grains on alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Eight-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were fed with a Lieber-DeCarli (LDC) diet containing ethanol with a progressively increasing concentration from 1% to 4% (vol/vol) to establish an ALD mouse model. Our results suggested that K. marxianus treatment improved ALD, as demonstrated by the reduction of serum ALT and AST levels and the suppression of TLR4/NF-κB-mediated inflammatory response in the liver. K. marxianus administration significantly elevated antioxidant activities of SOD, CAT and GSH-Px, and reduced the MDA level in mice. K. marxianus supplementation repaired the gut barrier by increasing tight junction proteins and the number of goblet cells in the colon of ALD mice. In addition, treatment with K. marxianus restored alcohol-induced gut dysbiosis. Specifically, K. marxianus administration depleted the abundance of Lactobacillus, Coriobacteriaceae_UCG-002 and Candida, while increased that of Allobaculum, Dubosiella and Epicoccum in mice. Our findings open new possibilities for K. marxianus application in ALD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Cui
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Yangling), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, China.
| | - Peng Guo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Yangling), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, China.
| | - Mengge Ning
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Yangling), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, China.
| | - Yuan Yue
- Xi'an Gaoxin No. 1 High School, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Yahong Yuan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Yangling), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, China.
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Tianli Yue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products (Yangling), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, China.
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
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Zhang L, Shi X, Qiu H, Liu S, Yang T, Li X, Liu X. Protein modification by short-chain fatty acid metabolites in sepsis: a comprehensive review. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1171834. [PMID: 37869005 PMCID: PMC10587562 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1171834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a major life-threatening syndrome of organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response due to infection. Dysregulated immunometabolism is fundamental to the onset of sepsis. Particularly, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are gut microbes derived metabolites serving to drive the communication between gut microbes and the immune system, thereby exerting a profound influence on the pathophysiology of sepsis. Protein post-translational modifications (PTMs) have emerged as key players in shaping protein function, offering novel insights into the intricate connections between metabolism and phenotype regulation that characterize sepsis. Accumulating evidence from recent studies suggests that SCFAs can mediate various PTM-dependent mechanisms, modulating protein activity and influencing cellular signaling events in sepsis. This comprehensive review discusses the roles of SCFAs metabolism in sepsis associated inflammatory and immunosuppressive disorders while highlights recent advancements in SCFAs-mediated lysine acylation modifications, such as substrate supplement and enzyme regulation, which may provide new pharmacological targets for the treatment of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory for Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Xinhui Shi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory for Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongmei Qiu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory for Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Sijia Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory for Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Ting Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory for Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoli Li
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory for Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Medical Research Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Strogulski NR, Portela LV, Polster BM, Loane DJ. Fundamental Neurochemistry Review: Microglial immunometabolism in traumatic brain injury. J Neurochem 2023; 167:129-153. [PMID: 37759406 PMCID: PMC10655864 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a devastating neurological disorder caused by a physical impact to the brain that promotes diffuse damage and chronic neurodegeneration. Key mechanisms believed to support secondary brain injury include mitochondrial dysfunction and chronic neuroinflammation. Microglia and brain-infiltrating macrophages are responsible for neuroinflammatory cytokine and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production after TBI. Their production is associated with loss of homeostatic microglial functions such as immunosurveillance, phagocytosis, and immune resolution. Beyond providing energy support, mitochondrial metabolic pathways reprogram the pro- and anti-inflammatory machinery in immune cells, providing a critical immunometabolic axis capable of regulating immunologic response to noxious stimuli. In the brain, the capacity to adapt to different environmental stimuli derives, in part, from microglia's ability to recognize and respond to changes in extracellular and intracellular metabolite levels. This capacity is met by an equally plastic metabolism, capable of altering immune function. Microglial pro-inflammatory activation is associated with decreased mitochondrial respiration, whereas anti-inflammatory microglial polarization is supported by increased oxidative metabolism. These metabolic adaptations contribute to neuroimmune responses, placing mitochondria as a central regulator of post-traumatic neuroinflammation. Although it is established that profound neurometabolic changes occur following TBI, key questions related to metabolic shifts in microglia remain unresolved. These include (a) the nature of microglial mitochondrial dysfunction after TBI, (b) the hierarchical positions of different metabolic pathways such as glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway, glutaminolysis, and lipid oxidation during secondary injury and recovery, and (c) how immunometabolism alters microglial phenotypes, culminating in chronic non-resolving neuroinflammation. In this basic neurochemistry review article, we describe the contributions of immunometabolism to TBI, detail primary evidence of mitochondrial dysfunction and metabolic impairments in microglia and macrophages, discuss how major metabolic pathways contribute to post-traumatic neuroinflammation, and set out future directions toward advancing immunometabolic phenotyping in TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan R. Strogulski
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Luis V. Portela
- Neurotrauma and Biomarkers Laboratory, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Brian M. Polster
- Department of Anesthesiology and Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - David J. Loane
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Anesthesiology and Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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18
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Li TT, Zhao DM, Wei YT, Li JB, Li XF, Wan Q, Zhang X, Liu XN, Yang WC, Li WZ. Effect and Mechanism of Sodium Butyrate on Neuronal Recovery and Prognosis in Diabetic Stroke. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2023; 18:366-382. [PMID: 37318680 DOI: 10.1007/s11481-023-10071-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a cerebrovascular lesion caused by local ischemia and hypoxia. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic inflammatory disease that disturbs immune homeostasis and predisposes patients to ischemic stroke. The mechanism by which DM exacerbates stroke remains unclear, although it may involve disturbances in immune homeostasis. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a regulatory role in many diseases, but the mechanism of Tregs in diabetes complicated by stroke remains unclear. Sodium butyrate is a short-chain fatty acid that increases Treg levels. This study examined the role of sodium butyrate in the prognosis of neurological function in diabetic stroke and the mechanism by which Tregs are amplified in the bilateral cerebral hemispheres. We evaluated the brain infarct volume, observed 48-h neuronal injury and 28-day behavioral changes, and calculated the 28-day survival rate in mice. We also measured Treg levels in peripheral blood and brain tissue, recorded changes in the blood‒brain barrier and water channel proteins and neurotrophic changes in mice, measured cytokine levels and peripheral B-cell distribution in bilateral hemispheres and peripheral blood, and examined the polarization of microglia and the distribution of peripheral T-cell subpopulations in bilateral hemispheres. Diabetes significantly exacerbated the poor prognosis and neurological deficits in mice with stroke, and sodium butyrate significantly improved infarct volume, prognosis, and neurological function and showed different mechanisms in brain tissue and peripheral blood. The potential regulatory mechanism in brain tissue involved modulating Tregs/TGF-β/microglia to suppress neuroinflammation, while that in peripheral blood involved improving the systemic inflammatory response through Tregs/TGF-β/T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Ting Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Deng-Ming Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Yu-Ting Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Jing-Bo Li
- The Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Research, Harbin Medical University, 150081, Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, China
| | - Xue-Fei Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Qiang Wan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, 650000, Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Xiang-Nan Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Wan-Chao Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Wen-Zhi Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, 150081, China.
- The Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Research, Harbin Medical University, 150081, Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, China.
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19
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Krzyzaniak K, Krion R, Szymczyk A, Stepniewska E, Sieminski M. Exploring Neuroprotective Agents for Sepsis-Associated Encephalopathy: A Comprehensive Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10780. [PMID: 37445958 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a life-threatening condition resulting from an inflammatory overreaction that is induced by an infectious factor, which leads to multi-organ failure. Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a common complication of sepsis that can lead to acute cognitive and consciousness disorders, and no strict diagnostic criteria have been created for the complication thus far. The etiopathology of SAE is not fully understood, but plausible mechanisms include neuroinflammation, blood-brain barrier disruption, altered cerebral microcirculation, alterations in neurotransmission, changes in calcium homeostasis, and oxidative stress. SAE may also lead to long-term consequences such as dementia and post-traumatic stress disorder. This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of substances with neuroprotective properties that have the potential to offer neuroprotection in the treatment of SAE. An extensive literature search was conducted, extracting 71 articles that cover a range of substances, including plant-derived drugs, peptides, monoclonal antibodies, and other commonly used drugs. This review may provide valuable insights for clinicians and researchers working in the field of sepsis and SAE and contribute to the development of new treatment options for this challenging condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaudia Krzyzaniak
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Smoluchowskiego 17, 80-214 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Robert Krion
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Smoluchowskiego 17, 80-214 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Szymczyk
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Smoluchowskiego 17, 80-214 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Ewelina Stepniewska
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Smoluchowskiego 17, 80-214 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Mariusz Sieminski
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Smoluchowskiego 17, 80-214 Gdansk, Poland
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20
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Bai Y, Huang W, Jiang X, Xu W, Li Y, Wang Y, Huang S, Wu K, Hu L, Chen C. Metabolomic interplay between gut microbiome and plasma metabolome in cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2023; 37:e9504. [PMID: 36918294 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.9504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CSA-AKI) is a prevalent complication of cardiac surgery, which may be associated with a great risk of developing chronic kidney disease and mortality. This study aimed to investigate the possible links between gut microbiota metabolism and CSA-AKI. METHODS A prospective cohort of patients who underwent cardiac surgery was continuously recruited, who were further divided into CSA-AKI group and Non-AKI group based on clinical outcomes. Their faecal and plasma samples were collected before surgery and were separately analysed by nontargeted and targeted metabolomics. The differential metabolites related to CSA-AKI were screened out using statistical methods, and altered metabolic pathways were determined by examining the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes database. RESULTS Nearly 1000 faecal metabolites were detected through high-resolution mass spectrometry (MS) and bioinformatics at high and mid confidence levels, and 49 differential metabolites at high confidence level may perform essential biological functions and provide potential diagnostic indicators. Compared with the Non-AKI group, the patients in the CSA-AKI group displayed dramatic changes in gut microbiota metabolism, including amino acid metabolism, nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism, purine metabolism and ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters. Meanwhile, 188 plasma metabolites were identified and quantified by tandem MS, and 34 differential plasma metabolites were screened out between the two groups using univariate statistical analysis. These differential plasma metabolites were primarily enriched in the following metabolic pathways: sulphur metabolism, amino acid biosynthesis, tryptophan metabolism and ABC transporters. Furthermore, the content of indole metabolites in the faecal and plasma samples of the CSA-AKI group was higher than that of the Non-AKI group. CONCLUSIONS Patients with CSA-AKI may have dysbiosis of their intestinal microbiota and metabolic abnormalities in their gut system before cardiac surgery. Thus, some metabolites and related metabolic pathways may be potential biomarkers and new therapeutic targets for the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunpeng Bai
- Center of Scientific Research, Maoming People's Hospital, Maoming, China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Maoming People's Hospital, Maoming, China
| | - Wendong Huang
- Center of Scientific Research, Maoming People's Hospital, Maoming, China
| | - Xinyi Jiang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wang Xu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Intensive Care Unit of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yirong Wang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sumei Huang
- Center of Scientific Research, Maoming People's Hospital, Maoming, China
- Biological Resource Center, Maoming People's Hospital, Maoming, China
| | - Kunyong Wu
- Center of Scientific Research, Maoming People's Hospital, Maoming, China
- Biological Resource Center, Maoming People's Hospital, Maoming, China
| | - Linhui Hu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Maoming People's Hospital, Maoming, China
| | - Chunbo Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Maoming People's Hospital, Maoming, China
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21
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Long X, Mu S, Zhang J, Xiang H, Wei W, Sun J, Kuang Z, Yang Y, Chen Y, Zhao H, Dong Y, Yin J, Zheng H, Song Z. GLOBAL SIGNATURES OF THE MICROBIOME AND METABOLOME DURING HOSPITALIZATION OF SEPTIC PATIENTS. Shock 2023; 59:716-724. [PMID: 36951975 PMCID: PMC10227929 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000002117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Background: The gut plays an important role in the development of sepsis and acts as one of the possible drivers of multiple-organ dysfunction syndrome. This study aimed to explore the dynamic alterations in the gut microbiota and its metabolites in septic patients at different stages of intensive care unit (ICU) admission. Methods: In this prospective observational study, a total of 109 fecal samples from 23 septic patients, 16 nonseptic ICU patients and 10 healthy controls were analyzed. 16S rRNA gene sequencing and ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry targeted metabolomics were used for microbiota and metabolome analysis. A prediction model combining the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score, Klebsiella , taurocholic acid, and butyric acid was used to predict the prognosis of sepsis. Results: The diversity and dominant species of the gut microbiota of septic patients were significantly disturbed. The proportions of normal gut microbiota, such as Firmicutes on the phylum level, as well as Faecalibacterium, Subdoligranulum , Ruminococcus , Agathobacter , and Blautia on the genus level, were decreased at different stages of ICU admission, while the proportions of potential pathogenic bacteria, such as Proteobacteria on the phylum level, and Enterococcus and Stenotrophomonas on the genus level were significantly increased. In addition, the amount of short-chain fatty acids and secondary bile acids decreased in septic patients, while that of the primary bile acids increased markedly. Bacterial richness and diversity were lower in the nonsurviving patients than those in the surviving patients in the later stage of ICU admission. In the nomogram model, the higher abundance of Klebsiella , concentration of taurocholic acid, and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score, combined with a lower butyric acid concentration, could predict a higher probability of death from sepsis. Conclusions: Our study indicated that the dynamical alterations of gut microbiota and its metabolites were associated with the prognosis of the sepsis. Based on these alterations and clinical indicators, a nomogram model to predict the prognosis of septic patients was performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Long
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sucheng Mu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Xiang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongshu Kuang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yilin Yang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yao Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huixin Zhao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiming Dong
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Yin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huajun Zheng
- NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies), Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenju Song
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Lung Inflammation and Injury, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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22
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Li Z, Wu M, Wei W, An Y, Li Y, Wen Q, Zhang D, Zhang J, Yao C, Bi Q, Guo D. Fingerprinting Evaluation and Gut Microbiota Regulation of Polysaccharides from Jujube ( Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) Fruit. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087239. [PMID: 37108402 PMCID: PMC10138826 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Jujube fruit was well-loved and praised by the broad masses due to its delicious taste, abundant nutritional value, and medicinal properties. Few studies reported the quality evaluation and gut microbiota regulation effect of polysaccharides of jujube fruits from different producing areas. In the present study, multi-level fingerprint profiling, including polysaccharides, oligosaccharides, and monosaccharides, was established for the quality evaluation of polysaccharides from jujube fruits. For polysaccharides, the total content in jujube fruits ranged from 1.31% to 2.22%, and the molecular weight distribution (MWD) ranged from 1.14 × 105 to 1.73 × 106 Da. The MWD fingerprint profiling of polysaccharides from eight producing areas was similar, but the profile of infrared spectroscopy (IR) showed differentiation. The characteristic signals were screened and used to establish a discrimination model for the identification of jujube fruits from different areas, and the accuracy of identification reached 100.00%. For oligosaccharides, the main components were galacturonic acid polymers (DP, 2-4), and the profile of oligosaccharides exhibited high similarity. The monosaccharides, GalA, Glc, and Ara, were the primary monosaccharides. Although the fingerprint of monosaccharides was semblable, the composing proportion of monosaccharides revealed significant differences. In addition, the polysaccharides of jujube fruits could regulate the gut microbiota composition and possess potential therapeutic effects on dysentery and nervous system diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenwei Li
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, China
| | - Menglei Wu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Wenlong Wei
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yaling An
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yun Li
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qiuyi Wen
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, China
| | - Daidi Zhang
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, China
| | - Jianqing Zhang
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Changliang Yao
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qirui Bi
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - De'an Guo
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, China
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
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23
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Li J, Chen Y, Li R, Zhang X, Chen T, Mei F, Liu R, Chen M, Ge Y, Hu H, Wei R, Chen Z, Fan H, Zeng Z, Deng Y, Luo H, Hu S, Cai S, Wu F, Shi N, Wang Z, Zeng Y, Xie M, Jiang Y, Chen Z, Jia W, Chen P. Gut microbial metabolite hyodeoxycholic acid targets the TLR4/MD2 complex to attenuate inflammation and protect against sepsis. Mol Ther 2023; 31:1017-1032. [PMID: 36698311 PMCID: PMC10124078 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2023.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis, a critical condition resulting from the systemic inflammatory response to a severe microbial infection, represents a global public health challenge. However, effective treatment or intervention to prevent and combat sepsis is still lacking. Here, we report that hyodeoxycholic acid (HDCA) has excellent anti-inflammatory properties in sepsis. We discovered that the plasma concentration of HDCA was remarkably lower in patients with sepsis and negatively correlated with the severity of the disease. Similar changes in HDCA levels in plasma and cecal content samples were observed in a mouse model of sepsis, and these changes were associated with a reduced abundance of HDCA-producing strains. Interestingly, HDCA administration significantly decreased systemic inflammatory responses, prevented organ injury, and prolonged the survival of septic mice. We demonstrated that HDCA suppressed excessive activation of inflammatory macrophages by competitively blocking lipopolysaccharide binding to the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and myeloid differentiation factor 2 receptor complex, a unique mechanism that characterizes HDCA as an endogenous inhibitor of inflammatory signaling. Additionally, we verified these findings in TLR4 knockout mice. Our study highlights the potential value of HDCA as a therapeutic molecule for sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yuqi Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xianglong Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Fengyi Mei
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Ruofan Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Meiling Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yue Ge
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Hongbin Hu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Rongjuan Wei
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zhenfeng Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Hongying Fan
- Department of Microbiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zhenhua Zeng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yongqiang Deng
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Haihua Luo
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Shuiwang Hu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Shumin Cai
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Feng Wu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Nengxian Shi
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zhang Wang
- Institute of Ecological Sciences, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yunong Zeng
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Ming Xie
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yong Jiang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zhongqing Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Wei Jia
- Center for Translational Medicine and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China; School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong 999077, China.
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Microbiome Medicine Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
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24
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Zhang Q, Lu C, Fan W, Zhang J, Yin Y. Application background and mechanism of short-chain fatty acids in sepsis-associated encephalopathy. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1137161. [PMID: 37056708 PMCID: PMC10086159 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1137161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a frequent brain dysfunction found in sepsis patients, manifesting as delirium, cognitive impairment, and abnormal behaviors. The gut microbiome and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are particularly associated with neuroinflammation in patients with SAE, thus noticeably attracting scholars’ attention. The association of brain function with the gut-microbiota-brain axis was frequently reported. Although the occurrence, development, and therapeutic strategies of SAE have been extensively studied, SAE remains a critical factor in determining the long-term prognosis of sepsis and is typically associated with high mortality. This review concentrated on the interaction of SCFAs with microglia in the central nervous system and discussed the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects of SCFAs by binding to free fatty acid receptors or acting as histone deacetylase inhibitors. Finally, the prospects of dietary intervention using SCFAs as dietary nutrients in improving the prognosis of SAE were reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiulei Zhang
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Chang Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Weixuan Fan
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jingxiao Zhang
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Jingxiao Zhang, ; Yongjie Yin,
| | - Yongjie Yin
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Jingxiao Zhang, ; Yongjie Yin,
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Li Y, Jiang X, Chen J, Hu Y, Bai Y, Xu W, He L, Wang Y, Chen C, Chen J. Evaluation of the contribution of gut microbiome dysbiosis to cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury by comparative metagenome analysis. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1119959. [PMID: 37065117 PMCID: PMC10091463 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1119959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionCardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CSA-AKI) is a common hospital-acquired AKI that carries a grave disease burden. Recently, gut-kidney crosstalk has greatly changed our understanding of the pathogenesis of kidney diseases. However, the relationship between gut microbial dysbiosis and CSA-AKI remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the possible contributions of gut microbiota alterations in CSA-AKI patientsMethodsPatients undergoing cardiac surgery were enrolled and divided into acute kidney injury (AKI) and Non-AKI groups. Faecal samples were collected before the operation. Shotgun metagenomic sequencing was performed to identify the taxonomic composition of the intestinal microbiome. All groups were statistically compared with alpha- and beta-diversity analysis, and linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) analysis was performed.ResultsA total of 70 individuals comprising 35 AKI and 35 Non_AKI were enrolled in the study. There was no significant difference between the AKI and Non_AKI groups with respect to the alpha-and beta-diversity of the Shannon index, Simpson or Chao1 index values except with respect to functional pathways (p < 0.05). However, the relative abundance of top 10 gut microbiota in CSA-AKI was different from the Non_AKI group. Interestingly, both LEfSe and multivariate analysis confirmed that the species Escherichia coli, Rothia mucilaginosa, and Clostridium_innocuum were associated with CSA-AKI. Moreover, correlation heat map indicated that altered pathways and disrupted function could be attributed to disturbances of gut microbiota involving Escherichia_coli.ConclusionDysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota in preoperative stool affects susceptibility to CSA-AKI, indicating the crucial role of key microbial players in the development of CSA-AKI. This work provides valuable knowledge for further study of the contribution of gut microbiota in CSA-AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Intensive Care Unit of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinyi Jiang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingchun Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yali Hu
- BGI College and Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yunpeng Bai
- Center of Scientific Research, Maoming People’s Hospital, Maoming, China
| | - Wang Xu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Linling He
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yirong Wang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunbo Chen
- Department of Intensive Care Unit of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Emergency, Maoming People’s Hospital, Maoming, China
- Chunbo Chen,
| | - Jimei Chen
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jimei Chen,
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Fock E, Parnova R. Mechanisms of Blood-Brain Barrier Protection by Microbiota-Derived Short-Chain Fatty Acids. Cells 2023; 12:cells12040657. [PMID: 36831324 PMCID: PMC9954192 DOI: 10.3390/cells12040657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Impairment of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity is implicated in the numerous neurological disorders associated with neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration and aging. It is now evident that short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), mainly acetate, butyrate and propionate, produced by anaerobic bacterial fermentation of the dietary fiber in the intestine, have a key role in the communication between the gastrointestinal tract and nervous system and are critically important for the preservation of the BBB integrity under different pathological conditions. The effect of SCFAs on the improvement of the compromised BBB is mainly based on the decrease in paracellular permeability via restoration of junctional complex proteins affecting their transcription, intercellular localization or proteolytic degradation. This review is focused on the revealed and putative underlying mechanisms of the direct and indirect effects of SCFAs on the improvement of the barrier function of brain endothelial cells. We consider G-protein-coupled receptor-mediated effects of SCFAs, SCFAs-stimulated acetylation of histone and non-histone proteins via inhibition of histone deacetylases, and crosstalk of these signaling pathways with transcriptional factors NF-κB and Nrf2 as mainstream mechanisms of SCFA's effect on the preservation of the BBB integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rimma Parnova
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-812-552-79-01; Fax: +7-812-552-30-12
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Yang Y, Li M, Liu Q, Zhao Q, Zeng J, Wang Q, Zhao Y, Du F, Chen Y, Shen J, Luo H, Wang S, Li W, Chen M, Li X, Wang F, Sun Y, Gu L, Xiao Z, Du Y, Wu X. Starch from Pueraria lobata and the amylose fraction alleviates dextran sodium sulfate induced colitis in mice. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 302:120329. [PMID: 36604040 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Starch from Pueraria lobata (PLS) had polyhedral or spherical granules, displaying a bimodal size distribution within 0.6-30 μm. It showed a trimodal distribution of different molecular weight peaks, with amylose fraction of 18.2 %. PLS had a high crystallinity degree of 37.76 % and consisted of C-type starch, which gelatinized at 64.46-79.61 °C, with a high range of gelatinization (15.15 °C) and high enthalpy (13.98 J/g). A 21-day supplementation of PLS presented a regulative effect on gut microbiota in normal mice, and alleviated DSS-induced murine colitis through attenuating colonic inflammation, maintaining barrier function, preventing gut dysbiosis, increasing the short-chain fatty acids production and inhibiting NF-κB/IL-1β axis. The protective effect of PLS against colitis was in a gut microbiota-dependent manner. Notably, the amylose fraction was responsible for the prebiotic effect of PLS. The results would potentiate new application of PLS and the amylose fraction as functional prebiotics for prevention of colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Yang
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, 646000 Luzhou, Sichuan, China; Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, 646000 Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Mingxing Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, 646000 Luzhou, Sichuan, China; Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, 646000 Luzhou, Sichuan, China; South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, 646000 Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Qingsong Liu
- The First People's Hospital of Neijiang, 641000 Neijiang, Sichuan, China
| | - Qianyun Zhao
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, 646000 Luzhou, Sichuan, China; Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, 646000 Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiuping Zeng
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, 646000 Luzhou, Sichuan, China; Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, 646000 Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Qin Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, 646000 Luzhou, Sichuan, China; Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, 646000 Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yueshui Zhao
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, 646000 Luzhou, Sichuan, China; Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, 646000 Luzhou, Sichuan, China; South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, 646000 Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Fukuan Du
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, 646000 Luzhou, Sichuan, China; Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, 646000 Luzhou, Sichuan, China; South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, 646000 Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, 646000 Luzhou, Sichuan, China; Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, 646000 Luzhou, Sichuan, China; South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, 646000 Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Shen
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, 646000 Luzhou, Sichuan, China; Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, 646000 Luzhou, Sichuan, China; South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, 646000 Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Haoming Luo
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, 646000 Luzhou, Sichuan, China; Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, 646000 Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Shengpeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, 999078, Macao
| | - Wanping Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, 646000 Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Meijuan Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, 646000 Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaobing Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, 646000 Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, 646000 Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuhong Sun
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, 646000 Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Gu
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, 646000 Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhangang Xiao
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, 646000 Luzhou, Sichuan, China; Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 646000 Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
| | - Yu Du
- Medical Cosmetology Center, Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southwest Medical University, 646000 Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
| | - Xu Wu
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, 646000 Luzhou, Sichuan, China; Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, 646000 Luzhou, Sichuan, China; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, 999078, Macao.
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Yang M, He Y, Xin Y, Jiang J, Tian M, Tan J, Deng S, Gong Y. Identification of biomarkers and therapeutic targets related to Sepsis-associated encephalopathy in rats by quantitative proteomics. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:4. [PMID: 36600206 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-09101-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a common and severe complication of sepsis. While several studies have reported the proteomic alteration in plasma, urine, heart, etc. of sepsis, few research focused on the brain tissue. This study aims at discovering the differentially abundant proteins in the brains of septic rats to identify biomarkers of SAE. METHODS The Prague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sepsis (n = 6) or sham (n = 6) groups, and then the whole brain tissue was dissected at 24 h after surgery for further protein identification by Quantitative iTRAQ LC-MS/MS Proteomics. Ingenuity pathway analysis, Gene ontology knowledgebase, and STRING database are used to explore the biological significance of proteins with altered concentration. RESULTS Among the total of 3163 proteins identified in the brain tissue, 57 were increased while 38 were decreased in the sepsis group compared to the sham group. Bioinformatic analyses suggest that the differentially abundant proteins are highly related to cellular microtubule metabolism, energy production, nucleic acid metabolism, neurological disease, etc. Additionally, acute phase response signaling was possibly activated and PI3K/AKT signaling was suppressed during sepsis. An interaction network established by IPA revealed that Akt1, Gc-globulin, and ApoA1 were the core proteins. The increase of Gc-globulin and the decrease of Akt1 and ApoA1 were confirmed by Western blot. CONCLUSION Based on the multifunction of these proteins in several brain diseases, we first propose that Gc-globulin, ApoA1, PI3K/AKT pathway, and acute phase response proteins (hemopexin and cluster of alpha-2-macroglobulin) could be potential candidates for the diagnosis and treatment of SAE. These results may provide new insights into the pathologic mechanism of SAE, yet further research is required to explore the functional implications and clinical applications of the differentially abundant proteins in the brains of sepsis group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaoxian Yang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, 200040, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu He
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, 200040, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuewen Xin
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, 200040, Shanghai, China
| | - Junliang Jiang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, 200040, Shanghai, China
| | - Mi Tian
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, 200040, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaying Tan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, 200040, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuixiang Deng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, 200040, Shanghai, China.
| | - Ye Gong
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, 200040, Shanghai, China. .,Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Wulumuqi Road, 200040, Shanghai, China.
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29
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Sodium butyrate reduces overnutrition-induced microglial activation and hypothalamic inflammation. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 111:109083. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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30
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Senousy SR, Ahmed ASF, Abdelhafeez DA, Khalifa MMA, Abourehab MAS, El-Daly M. Alpha-Chymotrypsin Protects Against Acute Lung, Kidney, and Liver Injuries and Increases Survival in CLP-Induced Sepsis in Rats Through Inhibition of TLR4/NF-κB Pathway. Drug Des Devel Ther 2022; 16:3023-3039. [PMID: 36105322 PMCID: PMC9467300 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s370460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Inflammation and oxidative stress play a major role in the development of sepsis and its associated complications, leading to multiple organ failure and death. The lungs, liver, and kidneys are among the early affected organs correlated with mortality in sepsis. Alpha-chymotrypsin (α-ch) is a serine protease that exerts anti-inflammatory, anti-edematous, and anti-oxidant properties. Purpose This study was undertaken to elucidate if the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects of α-ch observed in previous studies can alleviate lung, liver, and kidney injuries in a cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced sepsis model, and thus decrease mortality. Materials and Methods Septic animals were given α-ch 2 h post CLP procedure. Sepsis outcomes were assessed in the lungs, liver, and kidneys. Separate animal groups were investigated for a survival study. Results CLP resulted in 0% survival, while α-chymotrypsin post-treatment led to 50% survival at the end of the study. Administration of α-chymotrypsin resulted in a significant attenuation of sepsis-induced elevated malonaldehyde (MDA) and total nitrite/nitrate (NOx) levels. In addition, there was a significant increase in reduced glutathione (GSH) content and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the lungs, liver, and kidneys. Administration of α-ch reduced elevated tissue expression of toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4), nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Alpha-chymotrypsin resulted in a significant reduction in serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Alpha-chymotrypsin attenuated the rise in serum creatinine, cystatin C, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels that was observed in the septic group. In addition, α-ch significantly reduced the lung wet/dry weight ratio, total protein content, and leukocytic counts in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Histopathological examination of the lungs, liver, and kidneys confirmed the protective effects of α-ch on those organs. Conclusion α-ch has protective potential against sepsis through lowering tissue expression of TLR4, NF-κB, MPO, and iNOS leading to decreased oxidative stress and inflammatory signals induced by sepsis. This effect appeared to alleviate the damage to the lungs, liver, and kidneys and increase survival in rats subjected to sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaymaa Ramzy Senousy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, 61519, Egypt
| | - Al-Shaimaa F Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, 61519, Egypt
- Correspondence: Al-Shaimaa F Ahmed, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt, Tel +20 1020018842, Email
| | - Dalia A Abdelhafeez
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | | | - Mohammed A S Abourehab
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud El-Daly
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, 61519, Egypt
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Yan X, Yang K, Xiao Q, Hou R, Pan X, Zhu X. Central role of microglia in sepsis-associated encephalopathy: From mechanism to therapy. Front Immunol 2022; 13:929316. [PMID: 35958583 PMCID: PMC9361477 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.929316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a cognitive impairment associated with sepsis that occurs in the absence of direct infection in the central nervous system or structural brain damage. Microglia are thought to be macrophages of the central nervous system, devouring bits of neuronal cells and dead cells in the brain. They are activated in various ways, and microglia-mediated neuroinflammation is characteristic of central nervous system diseases, including SAE. Here, we systematically described the pathogenesis of SAE and demonstrated that microglia are closely related to the occurrence and development of SAE. Furthermore, we comprehensively discussed the function and phenotype of microglia and summarized their activation mechanism and role in SAE pathogenesis. Finally, this review summarizes recent studies on treating cognitive impairment in SAE by blocking microglial activation and toxic factors produced after activation. We suggest that targeting microglial activation may be a putative treatment for SAE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Yan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Kaiying Yang
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qi Xiao
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Rongyao Hou
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hiser Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- *Correspondence: Rongyao Hou, ; Xudong Pan, ; Xiaoyan Zhu,
| | - Xudong Pan
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- *Correspondence: Rongyao Hou, ; Xudong Pan, ; Xiaoyan Zhu,
| | - Xiaoyan Zhu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- *Correspondence: Rongyao Hou, ; Xudong Pan, ; Xiaoyan Zhu,
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Fang H, Fang M, Wang Y, Zhang H, Li J, Chen J, Wu Q, He L, Xu J, Deng J, Liu M, Deng Y, Chen C. Indole-3-Propionic Acid as a Potential Therapeutic Agent for Sepsis-Induced Gut Microbiota Disturbance. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0012522. [PMID: 35658593 PMCID: PMC9241804 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00125-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of using gut microbiota metabolites instead of live microorganisms to modulate sepsis-induced gut dysbiosis remain largely unknown. We assessed the effects of microbiota metabolite indole-3-propionic acid (IPA) on gut microbiota in mice during sepsis. Sepsis models were constructed by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) methods. Fecal microbiota composition analysis was performed to characterize the gut microbiota composition. Fecal microbiota transplantation was performed to validate the roles of gut microbiota on sepsis progression. IPA-treated mice exhibited lower serum inflammatory mediator levels and a higher survival rate than those of saline-treated mice after modeling of sepsis, which were negated in the presence of antibiotics. Compared with saline-treated mice after modeling, IPA-treated mice showed a markedly different intestinal microbiota composition, with an enrichment of Bifidobacteriaceae family and a depletion of Enterobacteriaceae family. Mice gavaged with postoperative feces from IPA-treated animals displayed better survival than mice gavaged with feces from saline-treated animals. Overall, these data suggest that IPA offers a microbe-modulated survival advantage in septic mice, indicating that some microbiota metabolites could replace live microorganisms as potential options for regulation of sepsis-induced gut dysbiosis. IMPORTANCE The role of gut microbiota in the pathophysiology of sepsis is gaining increasing attention and developing effective and safe sepsis therapies targeting intestinal microorganisms is promising. Given the safety of probiotic supplementation or fecal microbiota transplantation in critically ill patients, identifying an abiotic agent to regulate the intestinal microbiota of septic patients is of clinical significance. This study revealed that IPA, a microbiota-generated tryptophan metabolite, ameliorated sepsis-induced mortality and decreased the serum levels of proinflammatory cytokines by modulating intestinal microbiota. Although IPA did not increase the abundance and diversity of the microbiota of septic mice, it significantly decreased the number of Enterobacteriaceae family. These findings indicate that a specific microbiota metabolite (e.g., IPA) can mediate the intestinal microbiota apart from FMT or probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Fang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Intensive Care Unit of Cardiac Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Miaoxian Fang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit of Cardiac Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yirong Wang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit of Cardiac Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Huidan Zhang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit of Cardiac Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- Department of Intensive Care Unit of Cardiac Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jingchun Chen
- Department of Intensive Care Unit of Cardiac Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qingrui Wu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit of Cardiac Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Linling He
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Intensive Care Unit of Cardiac Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jia Deng
- Department of Intensive Care Unit of Cardiac Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Mengting Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yiyu Deng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chunbo Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Intensive Care Unit of Cardiac Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Clinical Research Center, Maoming People’s Hospital, Maoming, Guangdong, China
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