1
|
Forte G, Favieri F, Corbo I, Troisi G, Marselli G, Blasutto B, Ponce R, Di Pace E, Langher V, Tambelli R, Casagrande M. Adapting Minds: Exploring Cognition to Threatened Stimuli in the Post-COVID-19 Landscape Comparing Old and New Concerns about Pandemic. Brain Sci 2024; 14:711. [PMID: 39061451 PMCID: PMC11274687 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14070711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The global population has been significantly affected by the pandemic in terms of physical and mental health. According to transactional theory, individuals have undergone an adaptation process influenced by cognitive control abilities. Emotional responses to COVID-19-related stimuli may interfere with top-down attentional processes, thereby hindering adaptation. This study aimed to investigate the impact of COVID-19-related stimuli on attentional processing and to determine whether psychological factors could modulate these effects. A sample of 96 healthy undergraduate students participated in an emotional Stroop task in which they were presented with a series of stimuli, including both neutral and negative COVID-19-related as well as non-COVID-19 stimuli. COVID-19-related PTSD, as an index of distress (PTSS), and trait anxiety were evaluated. Results showed that participants were more accurate in identifying COVID-19-related stimuli compared to non-COVID-19 stimuli. Being female and having higher retrospective PTSS scores related to COVID-19 were predictive of faster reaction times for both neutral and negative COVID-19-related stimuli. This heightened attentional bias toward COVID-19-related stimuli suggests that individuals may be more sensitive to stimuli associated with the pandemic. The results suggest that the association between COVID-19 stimuli and attentional biases extends beyond emotional valence, being retrospectively influenced by mental health, suggesting potential pathways to future mental health challenges.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Forte
- Department of Dynamic, Clinical Psychology and Health Studies, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.F.); (I.C.); (V.L.); (R.T.); (M.C.)
| | - Francesca Favieri
- Department of Dynamic, Clinical Psychology and Health Studies, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.F.); (I.C.); (V.L.); (R.T.); (M.C.)
| | - Ilaria Corbo
- Department of Dynamic, Clinical Psychology and Health Studies, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.F.); (I.C.); (V.L.); (R.T.); (M.C.)
| | - Giovanna Troisi
- Department of Psychology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (G.T.); (G.M.); (B.B.); (R.P.); (E.D.P.)
| | - Giulia Marselli
- Department of Psychology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (G.T.); (G.M.); (B.B.); (R.P.); (E.D.P.)
| | - Barbara Blasutto
- Department of Psychology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (G.T.); (G.M.); (B.B.); (R.P.); (E.D.P.)
| | - Renato Ponce
- Department of Psychology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (G.T.); (G.M.); (B.B.); (R.P.); (E.D.P.)
- Department of Experimental Psychology & Mind, Brain and Behaviour Research Centre (CIMCYC), University of Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain
| | - Enrico Di Pace
- Department of Psychology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (G.T.); (G.M.); (B.B.); (R.P.); (E.D.P.)
| | - Viviana Langher
- Department of Dynamic, Clinical Psychology and Health Studies, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.F.); (I.C.); (V.L.); (R.T.); (M.C.)
| | - Renata Tambelli
- Department of Dynamic, Clinical Psychology and Health Studies, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.F.); (I.C.); (V.L.); (R.T.); (M.C.)
| | - Maria Casagrande
- Department of Dynamic, Clinical Psychology and Health Studies, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (F.F.); (I.C.); (V.L.); (R.T.); (M.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Dong Y, Chen M, Wu Z, Zhang Z. Covid-19 psychological pressures, depression and FOMO: the mediating role of online social support and emotional regulation. BMC Psychol 2024; 12:116. [PMID: 38431605 PMCID: PMC10908053 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-024-01610-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The spread of the coronavirus has led to significant anxiety among university students, resulting in various mental health problems that could potentially impact their academic performance. METHOD To examine the mediating role of emotional regulation and online social support in the relationships between COVID-19 psychological pressures, depression, and the fear of missing out (FoMO) among young adult university students, a cross-sectional research design was employed using an online survey. The sample consisted of 521 full-time university students from China, currently enrolled in undergraduate and postgraduate programs. RESULTS Findings revealed that more than half (55.09%, n=287) of the university students experienced COVID-19 psychological pressures. These pressures directly contributed to increased levels of depression (β = 0.339, p < .001) and fear of missing out (β = 0.236, p < .001). Moreover, online social support and emotional regulation exhibited partial mediating effects on the association between COVID-19 psychological pressures, depression, and the fear of missing out. The results indicated that COVID-19 psychological pressures were linked to higher levels of depressive symptoms and a greater fear of missing out among university students. CONCLUSIONS However, the provision of timely and adequate online social support, as well as the implementation of emotional regulation strategies, mitigated the negative effects of the pandemic on students' social and emotional well-being. Consequently, this led to reduced levels of depression and fear of missing out.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Dong
- School of Education, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China.
- School of Energy and Mechanical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Nanchang, 330000, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Min Chen
- School of Energy and Mechanical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Nanchang, 330000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhigang Wu
- School of Energy and Mechanical Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Nanchang, 330000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zilin Zhang
- Historic Building Division, China Construction First Division Group Huajiang Construction Co., Ltd, Jingdezhen, 333099, Jiangxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Nova A, Fazia T, Bernardinelli L. Investigating mortality trends in Italy during the COVID-19 pandemic: life expectancy changes within provinces and vaccination campaign impact up to December 2022. Public Health 2023; 225:168-175. [PMID: 37925841 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We used publicly available population data from 1 January 2019 up to 31 December 2022, to investigate mortality trends in Italy during the COVID-19 pandemic, evaluating changes in life expectancy (LE) at birth within provinces and the impact of COVID-19 vaccinations. STUDY DESIGN Aggregate data analysis. METHODS Annual period life tables were used to estimate sex-specific LEs within provinces from 2019 to 2022. We used Arriaga decomposition to analyze the contribution of age groups (<60 years and ≥60 years) to annual LE changes. We implemented a Quasi-Poisson regression model to estimate the number of averted deaths by the achieved COVID-19 vaccination rates from January 2021 up to December 2022, simulating a counterfactual scenario where vaccine doses were not administered. RESULTS The results revealed geographical heterogeneity in annual LE changes across Italian provinces during the pandemic. By the end of 2022, LE was below the prepandemic levels in 88% of provinces for females and in 76% for males. In addition, we estimated that the achieved vaccination rates averted 460,831 deaths (95% confidence interval: 250,976-707,920), corresponding to a 25% reduction in expected all-cause mortality. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the study highlighted the significant role of COVID-19 vaccinations in averting a considerable number of deaths and improving LE. However, by the end of 2022, LE had not fully recovered to prepandemic levels in many provinces. This could be attributed to concurrent factors, including enduring COVID-19 pandemic effects, intense summer heat waves and early onset of seasonal flu. Further research and continuous monitoring are essential to fully comprehend long-term mortality trends and optimize public health strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Nova
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - T Fazia
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - L Bernardinelli
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kafali HY, Dasgin H, Sahin Cevik D, Sozan SS, Oguz KK, Mutlu M, Parlakay AO, Toulopoulou T. The effect of SARS-CoV-2 virus on resting-state functional connectivity during adolescence: Investigating brain correlates of psychotic-like experiences and SARS-CoV-2 related inflammation response. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2023; 336:111746. [PMID: 37979347 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2023.111746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
We first aimed to investigate resting-state functional connectivity (rs-FC) differences between adolescents exposed to SARS-CoV-2 and healthy controls. Secondly, the moderator effect of PLEs on group differences in rs-FC was examined. Thirdly, brain correlates of inflammation response during acute SARS-CoV-2 infection were investigated. Eighty-two participants aged between 14 and 24 years (SARS-CoV-2 (n = 35), controls (n = 47)) were examined using rs-fMRI. Seed-based rs-FC analysis was performed. The positive subscale of Community Assessment of Psychotic Experiences-42 (CAPE-Pos) was used to measure PLEs. The SARS-CoV-2 group had a lesser rs-FC within sensorimotor network (SMN), central executive network (CEN) and language network (LN), but an increased rs-FC within visual network (VN) compared to controls. No significant differences were detected between the groups regarding CAPE-Pos-score. However, including CAPE-Pos as a covariate, we found increased rs-FC within CEN and SN in SARS-CoV-2 compared to controls. Among the SARS-CoV-2 group, neutrophil/lymphocyte and thrombocyte*neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio was correlated with decreased/increased FC within DMN and SN, and increased FC within CEN. Our results showed rs-FC alterations within the SMN, CEN, LN, and VN among adolescents exposed to SARS-CoV-2. Moreover, changes in rs-FC associated with PLEs existed in these adolescents despite the absence of clinical changes. Furthermore, inflammation response was correlated with alterations in FC within the triple network system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helin Yilmaz Kafali
- Department of Psychology, Fevziye Schools Fundation, Işık University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hacer Dasgin
- National Magnetic Resonance Research Center (UMRAM), Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Didenur Sahin Cevik
- National Magnetic Resonance Research Center (UMRAM), Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sara Sinem Sozan
- Department of Psychology, Ankara Social Sciences University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Kader K Oguz
- National Magnetic Resonance Research Center (UMRAM), Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey; School of Medicine, Department of Radiology, University of California Davis, United States
| | - Müge Mutlu
- Department of Child Psychiatry, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Timothea Toulopoulou
- National Magnetic Resonance Research Center (UMRAM), Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey; Department of Psychology, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey; Department of Psychiatry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece; Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Esquivel-Mendoza J, Burgess HJ, Gren LH, Shoaf K, Baron KG. What a difference a year makes: Objective rest/activity patterns, circadian phase markers, and sleep quality before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Sleep Health 2023; 9:544-550. [PMID: 37270395 PMCID: PMC10234465 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2023.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The COVID-19 pandemic led to numerous changes in sleep duration, quality, and timing. The goal of this study was to examine objective and self-reported changes in sleep and circadian timing before and during the pandemic. METHODS Data were utilized from an ongoing longitudinal study of sleep and circadian timing with assessments at baseline and 1-year follow-up. Participants had baseline assessment between 2019 and March 2020 (before pandemic) and 12-month follow-up between September 2020 and March 2021 (during pandemic). Participants completed 7 days of wrist actigraphy, self-report questionnaires, and laboratory-collected circadian phase assessment (dim light melatonin onset). RESULTS Actigraphy and questionnaire data were available for 18 participants (11 women and 7 men, Mean = 38.8 years, SD = 11.8). Dim light melatonin onset was available for 11 participants. Participants demonstrated statistically significant decreases in sleep efficiency (Mean = -4.11%, SD = 3.22, P = .001), worse scores on Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System sleep disturbance scale (Mean increase = 4.48, SD = 6.87, P = .017), and sleep end time delay (Mean = 22.4 mins, SD = 44.4 mins, P = .046). Chronotype was significantly correlated with change in dim light melatonin onset (r = 0.649, P = .031). This suggests that a later chronotype is associated with a greater delay in dim light melatonin onset. There were also non-significant increases in total sleep time (Mean = 12.4 mins, SD = 44.4 mins, P = .255), later dim light melatonin onset (Mean = 25.2 mins, SD = 1.15 hrs, P = .295), and earlier sleep start time (Mean = 11.4 mins, SD = 48 mins, P = .322). CONCLUSION Our data demonstrate objective and self-reported changes to sleep during the COVID-19 pandemic. Future studies should look at whether some individuals will require intervention to phase advance sleep when returning to previous routines such as returning to office and school settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Esquivel-Mendoza
- Division of Public Health, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA.
| | - Helen J Burgess
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Lisa H Gren
- Division of Public Health, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA
| | - Kimberley Shoaf
- Division of Public Health, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA
| | - Kelly G Baron
- Division of Public Health, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Forte G, Favieri F, Tambelli R, Casagrande M. To Binge Watch TV Series: How a Leisure Activity May Affect Sleep, Mood and Quality of Life. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2023; 16:2395-2405. [PMID: 37416055 PMCID: PMC10321327 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s407854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective New TV-watching patterns increased the practice of binge-watching (BW). Considering the adaptive-maladaptive continuum of BW, the relationship between BW and health outcomes is still unclear. This study aimed to analyze some features of BW related to quality of life, focusing on sleep quality. Methods Four-hundred eighty-two young adults were classified into four groups according to their BW approach. Then, sleep quality, mood, and quality of life were assessed. Results All the investigated variables were associated with problematic and moderate BW. No differences emerged between BW as a leisure activity and not watching TV series. Moreover, quality of life is directly affected by BW. Conclusion Accordingly, BW should be considered a continuum of behavioral patterns from a leisure activity characterized by positive outcomes to a maladaptive behavior characterized by negative outcomes for sleep, mood, and quality of life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Forte
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology and Health, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Favieri
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology and Health, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Renata Tambelli
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology and Health, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Casagrande
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology and Health, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Shaik L, Boike S, Ramar K, Subramanian S, Surani S. COVID-19 and Sleep Disturbances: A Literature Review of Clinical Evidence. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:medicina59050818. [PMID: 37241050 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59050818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The need for adequate good quality sleep to optimally function is well known. Over years, various physical, psychological, biological, and social factors have been investigated to understand their impact on sleep. However, understanding the etiological processes that are involved in causing sleep disturbances (SD) as impacted by stressful phases such as pandemics has not been well studied. Many such etiological and management strategies have surfaced during the latest "coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The occurrence of these SD in the infected and uninfected individuals poses a need to investigate factors linked to such occurrence during this phase. Some of such factors include stressful practices such as social distancing, masking, vaccines, and medications availability, changes in routines, and lifestyles. As the status of infection improved, a collective term for all the prolonged effects of COVID-19 after the resolution of the primary infection called the post-COVID-19 syndrome (PCS) surfaced. Apart from impacting sleep during the infectious phase, the aftereffects of this virus left an even greater impact during the PCS. Various mechanisms have been hypothesized to be linked to such SD during the PCS, but the available data are inconclusive. Further, the varied patterns of incidence of these SDs differed by many factors, such as age, gender, and geographical location, making clinical management even more challenging. This review elucidates the impact of coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) (COVID) disease on sleep health during the various phases of the COVID-19 pandemic. We also investigate different causal relationships, management strategies, and knowledge gaps related to SD during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Likhita Shaik
- Department of Family Medicine, Hennepin Healthcare, Minneapolis, MN 55415, USA
| | - Sydney Boike
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | | | | | - Salim Surani
- Department of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Alternate-Day Fasting Combined with Exercise: Effect on Sleep in Adults with Obesity and NAFLD. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15061398. [PMID: 36986128 PMCID: PMC10056902 DOI: 10.3390/nu15061398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: This study investigated how alternate-day fasting (ADF) combined with aerobic exercise impacts body weight and sleep in adults with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Methods: Adults with obesity and NAFLD (n = 80) were randomized into one of four groups for 3 months: combination of ADF (600 kcal “fast day,” alternated with an ad libitum intake “feast day”) and moderate-intensity aerobic exercise (five sessions per week, 60 min/session); ADF alone; exercise alone; or a no-intervention control group. Results: By month 3, body weight and intrahepatic triglyceride content decreased (p < 0.001, group × time interaction) in the combination group versus the exercise group and control group, but not versus the ADF group. Sleep quality, measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Inventory (PSQI), did not change in the combination group (baseline: 6.0 ± 0.7; month 3: 5.6 ± 0.7), ADF group (baseline: 8.9 ± 1.0; month 3: 7.5 ± 0.8), or exercise group (baseline: 6.4 ± 0.6; month 3: 6.7 ± 0.6), versus controls (baseline: 5.5 ± 0.7; month 3: 4.6 ± 0.5). Wake time, bedtime, sleep duration, and insomnia severity did not change (no group x time interaction) over the course of the study in any group. Risk for obstructive sleep apnea was present in 30% of combination subjects, 75% of ADF subjects, 40% of exercise subjects, and 75% of controls, and did not change in the intervention groups, versus controls, by month 3. No associations were observed between changes in body weight, intrahepatic triglyceride content, and any sleep outcome. Conclusions: The weight loss induced by ADF combined with exercise does not improve sleep quality, duration, insomnia severity, or risk of obstructive sleep apnea in individuals with NAFLD.
Collapse
|
9
|
Tan ESS, Chin SAFX, Sathapan MSP, Dewi AD, Amini F, Bustami NA, Tan PY, Ho YB, Tan CK. Mental Health and the COVID-19 Pandemic: Observational Evidence from Malaysia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4046. [PMID: 36901057 PMCID: PMC10001641 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The interplay of physical, social, and economic factors during the pandemic adversely affected the mental health of healthy people and exacerbated pre-existing mental disorders. This study aimed to determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of the general population in Malaysia. A cross-sectional study involving 1246 participants was conducted. A validated questionnaire consisting of the level of knowledge and practice of precautionary behaviors, the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scales (DASS), and the World Health Organization Quality of Life-Brief Version (WHOQOL-BREF) was used as an instrument to assess the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. Results revealed that most participants possessed a high level of knowledge about COVID-19 and practiced wearing face masks daily as a precautionary measure. The average DASS scores were beyond the mild to moderate cut-off point for all three domains. The present study found that prolonged lockdowns had significantly impacted (p < 0.05), the mental health of the general population in Malaysia, reducing quality of life during the pandemic. Employment status, financial instability, and low annual incomes appeared to be risk factors (p < 0.05) contributing to mental distress, while older age played a protective role (p < 0.05). This is the first large-scale study in Malaysia to assess the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the general population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eugenie Sin Sing Tan
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | | | | | - Astrid Disimond Dewi
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Farahnaz Amini
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Normina Ahmad Bustami
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Pui Yee Tan
- Faculty of Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Yu Bin Ho
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Chung Keat Tan
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Merajikhah A, Soleimani M, Beigi-Khoozani A. Evaluation of the effect of deltacoronavirus epidemic on sleep quality of operating room staff after vaccination. J Healthc Qual Res 2022; 37:343-344. [PMID: 35764493 PMCID: PMC9233552 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhqr.2022.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A Merajikhah
- MSc of Surgical Technology, Department of Operating Room, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Razavi Khorasan, Iran.
| | - M Soleimani
- BSc Student of Surgical Technology, Department of Operating Room, Maragheh University of Medical Science, East Azerbaijan, Iran
| | - A Beigi-Khoozani
- MSc Student of Surgical Technology, Department of Operating Room, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Casagrande M, Forte G, Favieri F, Corbo I. Sleep Quality and Aging: A Systematic Review on Healthy Older People, Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer’s Disease. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19148457. [PMID: 35886309 PMCID: PMC9325170 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19148457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Aging is characterized by changes in the structure and quality of sleep. When the alterations in sleep become substantial, they can generate or accelerate cognitive decline, even in the absence of overt pathology. In fact, impaired sleep represents one of the earliest symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This systematic review aimed to analyze the studies on sleep quality in aging, also considering mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD. The review process was conducted according to the PRISMA statement. A total of 71 studies were included, and the whole sample had a mean age that ranged from 58.3 to 93.7 years (62.8–93.7 healthy participants and 61.8–86.7 pathological populations). Of these selected studies, 33 adopt subjective measurements, 31 adopt objective measures, and 10 studies used both. Pathological aging showed a worse impoverishment of sleep than older adults, in both subjective and objective measurements. The most common aspect compromised in AD and MCI were REM sleep, sleep efficiency, sleep latency, and sleep duration. These results underline that sleep alterations are associated with cognitive impairment. In conclusion, the frequency and severity of sleep disturbance appear to follow the evolution of cognitive impairment. The overall results of objective measures seem more consistent than those highlighted by subjective measurements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Casagrande
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology and Health Studies, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Roma, Italy;
- Correspondence: (M.C.); (I.C.)
| | - Giuseppe Forte
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology and Health Studies, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Roma, Italy;
- Body and Action Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Via Ardeatina 306, 00179 Rome, Italy;
| | - Francesca Favieri
- Body and Action Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Via Ardeatina 306, 00179 Rome, Italy;
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Via dei Marsi 78, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Ilaria Corbo
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Via dei Marsi 78, 00185 Roma, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.C.); (I.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Gu J, He R, Wu X, Tao J, Ye W, Wu C. Analyzing Risk Communication, Trust, Risk Perception, Negative Emotions, and Behavioral Coping Strategies During the COVID-19 Pandemic in China Using a Structural Equation Model. Front Public Health 2022; 10:843787. [PMID: 35712304 PMCID: PMC9196862 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.843787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Risk communication and the degree of trust are major factors that affect the public's behavioral coping strategies and play an important role in emergency risk management. However, the internal formation mechanism involved in the public's psychological behavior remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association among risk communication, trust, risk perception, negative emotions, and behavioral coping strategies during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, and to identify and quantify the factors that influence public behavior. Methods We launched an online survey through social media from April to July 2020 in China. Relevant data were elicited using a self-designed questionnaire that mainly examined respondent characteristics, risk communication, trust, risk perception, negative emotions, protective coping behavior, and excessive coping behavior in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 735 valid responses were obtained. A structural equation model was then used to explore relationship pathways among the components. Results The higher the degree of risk communication (β = -0.10, p < 0.05) and trust (β = -0.22, p < 0.001), the lower the public risk perception. Risk communication and trust had a direct effect on public behavioral coping strategies during the COVID-19 pandemic. The higher the level of risk communication (β = 0.14, p < 0.001) or trust (β = 0.48, p < 0.001), the more likely it was that this would encourage the public to adopt protective coping behaviors, while the public was less likely to engage in excessive coping behaviors as the degree of trust increased (β = -0.12, p < 0.01). Risk perception influenced by poor risk communication and trust generated negative emotions (β = 0.31, p < 0.001), and such negative emotions further positively influenced public behavioral coping strategies (whether protective [β = 0.09, p < 0.05] or excessive [β = 0.24, p < 0.001] behaviors). Conclusion Risk communication, trust, risk perception, and negative emotions were significantly directly or indirectly related to public behavior. The findings provide useful information for emergency risk management and a theoretical basis for follow-up research on public coping behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junwang Gu
- School of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Rong He
- School of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Xuanhui Wu
- School of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Jing Tao
- School of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Wenhui Ye
- School of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Chunmei Wu
- School of Public Health and Health Management, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Yilmaz Kafali H, Turan S, Akpınar S, Mutlu M, Özkaya Parlakay A, Çöp E, Toulopoulou T. Correlates of psychotic like experiences (PLEs) during Pandemic: An online study investigating a possible link between the SARS-CoV-2 infection and PLEs among adolescents. Schizophr Res 2022; 241:36-43. [PMID: 35074530 PMCID: PMC8730741 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2021.12.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigated whether SARS-CoV-2 infection, depression, anxiety, sleep problems, cigarette, alcohol, drug usage contribute to psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) among adolescents during the pandemic. We also aimed to explore whether baseline inflammatory markers or the number of SARS-CoV-2-related symptoms are associated with PLEs, and the latter is mediated by internalizing symptoms. METHODS Altogether, 684 adolescents aged 12-18 (SARS-CoV-2 group n = 361, control group (CG) n = 323) were recruited. The Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences-42-Positive Dimension (CAPE-Pos), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), and Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaires were completed by all volunteers using an online survey. C-reactive Protein and hemogram values, and SARS-CoV-2-related symptoms during the acute infection period were recorded in the SARS-CoV-2 group. Group comparisons, correlations, logistic regression, and bootstrapped mediation analyses were performed. RESULTS CAPE-Pos-Frequency/Stress scores were significantly higher, whereas GAD-7-Total and PSQI-Total scores were significantly lower in SARS-CoV-2 than CG. Among the SARS-CoV-2 group, monocyte count and the number of SARS-CoV-2-symptoms were positively correlated with CAPE-Pos-Frequency/Stress scores. Besides SARS-CoV-2, cigarette use, GAD-7, and PHQ-9 scores significantly contributed to the presence of at least one CAPE-Pos "often" or "almost always". PHQ-9 and GAD-7 fully mediated the relationship between the number of SARS-CoV-2 symptoms and CAPE-Pos-Frequency. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to show a possible relationship between SARS-CoV-2 infection and PLEs among adolescents. Depression, anxiety, and cigarette use also contributed to PLEs. The number of SARS-Cov-2-symptoms and PLEs association was fully mediated by internalizing symptoms, but prospective studies will need to confirm this result.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helin Yilmaz Kafali
- Ministry of Health Ankara City Hospital, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Serkan Turan
- Bursa Uludağ University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Bursa, Turkey.
| | - Serap Akpınar
- Ministry of Health Ankara City Hospital, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Müge Mutlu
- Ministry of Health Ankara City Hospital, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Aslınur Özkaya Parlakay
- Ministry of Health Ankara City Hospital, Department of Pediatric Infection Disease, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Esra Çöp
- Ministry of Health Ankara City Hospital, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Timothea Toulopoulou
- Bilkent University, Department of Psychology, Ankara, Turkey,National Magnetic Resonance Research Center (UMRAM), Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
de Menezes LAA, Lourenção LG, Andrade ACDS, Carraro JCC, Machado-Coelho GLL, Meireles AL. Determinants of poor sleep quality in adults during the coronavirus disease pandemic: COVID-Inconfidentes, a population-based study. SAO PAULO MED J 2022; 141:e2022139. [PMID: 36472868 PMCID: PMC10065109 DOI: 10.1590/1516-3180.2022.0139.r1.19082022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has adversely affected the health of the global population, with sleep quality being one of the affected parameters. OBJECTIVES To evaluate sleep quality and its associated factors in adults during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. DESIGN AND SETTING A population-based cross-sectional serological survey of 1,762 adults in the Iron Quadrangle region of Brazil. METHODS The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was used to assess sleep quality. Sociodemographic variables, health conditions, health-related behaviors, anxiety, vitamin D levels, weight gain/loss, and pandemic characteristics were assessed using a structured questionnaire. Univariate and multivariate analyses using Poisson regression with robust variance were performed to identify factors associated with sleep quality. RESULTS More than half of the participants reported poor sleep quality (52.5%). Multivariate analysis revealed that the factors associated with poor sleep quality included living alone (prevalence ratio [PR] = 1.34; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.04-1.73), anxiety disorder (PR = 1.32; 95% CI: 1.08-1.62), 5.0% weight loss (PR = 1.21; 95% CI: 1.02-1.44), 5.0% weight gain (PR = 1.27; 95% CI: 1.03-1.55), vitamin D deficiency (PR = 1.16; 95% CI: 1.01-1.35), and COVID-19 symptoms (PR = 1.29; 95% CI: 1.10-1.52). CONCLUSIONS Our study revealed that more than half of the participants experienced poor sleep quality during the COVID-19 pandemic. Factors associated with poor sleep quality included vitamin D deficiency and weight changes related to the pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Antônio Alves de Menezes
- MSc. Nutritionist and Doctoral Student, Postgraduate Program in
Health and Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto (MG),
Brazil
| | - Luciano Garcia Lourenção
- MSc, PhD. Nurse and Associated Professor, Nursing School,
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande (RS), Brazil
| | - Amanda Cristina de Souza Andrade
- MSc, PhD. Statistics and Associated Professor, Institute of
Collective Health, Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiabá (MT),
Brazil
| | - Júlia Cristina Cardoso Carraro
- PhD. Nutritionist and Associated Professor, School of Nutrition,
Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto (MG), Brazil
| | - George Luiz Lins Machado-Coelho
- MD, MSc, PhD. Epidemiologist and Associated Professor, School of
Medicine, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto (MG), Brazil
| | - Adriana Lúcia Meireles
- MSc, PhD. Nutritionist and Associated Professor, School of
Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto (MG), Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Kosydar-Bochenek J, Krupa S, Favieri F, Forte G, Medrzycka-Dabrowska W. Polish Version of the Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Related to COVID-19 Questionnaire COVID-19-PTSD. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:868191. [PMID: 35546933 PMCID: PMC9082536 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.868191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Translate and investigate psychometric properties of the Polish version of COVID-19-PTSD in a sample of healthcare workers. METHODS The PTSD symptoms were investigated among 184 participants (physicians, nurses, and paramedics). The respondents completed Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Related to COVID-19 Questionnaire (COVID-19-PTSD) via online survey. The psychometric properties (i.e., internal consistency, validity, and reliability) of the Polish version of COVID-19-PTSD were analyzed. RESULTS The findings showed that the Polish version of COVID-19-PTSD is a reliable instrument. The total and subscale scores demonstrated good internal consistency. We also found that the prevalence of PTSD was reported at around 32% of healthcare workers. DISCUSSION The Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Related to COVID-19 Questionnaire (COVID-19-PTSD) is a first tool designed to assess the severity of PTSD symptoms related to the pandemic. The findings of our study confirmed good validity and reliability of the Polish version of COVID-19-PTSD which can be recommended to be used as a reliable screening tool to conduct psychological screening among Polish healthcare workers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Kosydar-Bochenek
- Department of Emergency, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medical Sciences of the University of Rzeszow, Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Sabina Krupa
- Department of Emergency, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medical Sciences of the University of Rzeszow, Rzeszow, Poland
| | | | - Giuseppe Forte
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Body and Action Lab, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Wioletta Medrzycka-Dabrowska
- Department of Anaesthesiology Nursing and Intensive Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdańsk, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
The Cognitive Consequences of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Members of the General Population in Italy: A Preliminary Study on Executive Inhibition. J Clin Med 2021; 11:jcm11010170. [PMID: 35011912 PMCID: PMC8745743 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11010170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The pandemic period which has characterized the last two years has been associated with increasingly worsening psychological conditions, and previous studies have reported severe levels of anxiety, mood disorder, and psychopathological alteration in the general population. In particular, worldwide populations have appeared to present post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS). Surprisingly, no studies have evaluated the effect of COVID-related PTSS on cognitive functioning. This study focused on the association between high levels of PTSS related to COVID-19 and alterations in executive functioning by considering executive inhibitions in populations not infected by the virus. Ninety respondents from the Italian population participated in the study. A higher percentage of PTSS was reported. Moreover, respondents with high post-traumatic symptomatology presented deficits in the inhibition of preponderant responses, demonstrating an executive deficit which could be expressed by a difficulty in controlling goal-directed actions. This was underlined by worse performances in elaborating incongruent stimuli in the Stroop task and no-go stimuli in the Go/No-Go task. This report presents preliminary findings underlining the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on cognitive functions. The results confirmed a persistently higher post-traumatic symptomatology related to the COVID-19 pandemic in the Italian population and highlighted an association with cognitive inhibition impairment.
Collapse
|
17
|
Psychological Wellbeing, Worry, and Resilience-Based Coping during COVID-19 in Relation to Sleep Quality. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 19:ijerph19010050. [PMID: 35010309 PMCID: PMC8744958 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19010050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The current study evaluated the impact of psychological wellbeing on sleep quality during the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. A novel empirical model tested variables that mediate and moderate this impact. First, a relationship was established between psychological wellbeing during the COVID-19 pandemic and sleep quality. Second, resilience-based coping associated with the COVID-19 pandemic was tested as a mediator of the impact of psychological wellbeing on sleep quality. Third, dispositional rumination, mindfulness, and worry were compared as moderators of the impact of psychological wellbeing on sleep quality. Fourth, a moderated mediated model was tested for each moderator. Online survey data was collected from 153 adults in the United States. Results demonstrated that coping with the COVID-19 pandemic partially mediated the impact of psychological wellbeing on sleep quality. Worry, but not rumination or mindfulness, moderated the impact. A moderated mediation model failed to demonstrate significance, indicating that the data are best represented by distinct mediation and moderation models. Thus, interventions aimed at improving sleep quality should prioritize concurrent reduction in worry and increase in resilience-based coping strategies. This study provides practical and theoretical contribution to the literature by demonstrating relationships between key variables and contextualizing how the model can be used for assessments and interventions during widespread crises.
Collapse
|
18
|
Lin SY, Chung KKH. Risk Perception, Perception of Collective Efficacy and Sleep Quality in Chinese Adults during COVID-19 Pandemic in Hong Kong: A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182111533. [PMID: 34770053 PMCID: PMC8583171 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182111533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background: Only a few studies have studied the link between risk perception and sleep in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of our study is to propose and test a theoretical model to understand the relationships between COVID-19 risk appraisals—risk perception and perception of collective coordinated defense (PCCD) in particular—and subjective sleep quality in Chinese adults in Hong Kong during the COVID-19 pandemic. COVID-19-related fear and rumination were examined as potential mediators of the relationships. Methods: Data were collected using a self-report online questionnaire from a convenience sample of 224 Chinese adults during the fourth wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Hong Kong. Results: Risk perception and PCCD were found to predict poor sleep quality. Mediation analysis showed that both fear and rumination mediated the relationship between risk perception and sleep quality, whereas only fear mediated the relationship between PCCD and sleep quality. The model was an excellent fit to the data and accounted for 44% of the variance in sleep quality in Chinese adults. This study indicated that both perception of high risks of contracting COVID-19 and anticipations of collective disease preventive efforts had adverse effects on subjective sleep quality via increasing COVID-19-related fear. Conclusions: These findings underscore the need for addressing sleep problems induced by psychological consequences of the pandemic. While policy makers often deliver public messaging campaigns that frame disease prevention as a collective goal, developing evidence-based coping strategies to combat COVID-19 adverse impacts on psychological health is equally important.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiang-Yi Lin
- Department of Early Childhood Education, The Education University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, Hong Kong, China;
- Division of Social Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kevin Kien Hoa Chung
- Department of Early Childhood Education, The Education University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, Hong Kong, China;
- Centre for Child and Family Science, The Education University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, Hong Kong, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +852-29487760
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Students’ Perceptions of Verbal and Non-Verbal Communication Behaviors during and after the COVID-19 Pandemic. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11188282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Aiming at shedding light on the implications the COVID-19 pandemic has had on the students’ social and personal lives, this study has focused on the verbal and non-verbal communication and on the surveyees’ personal lives during the pandemic as well as on the perspective of changing their communication behaviors after the pandemic. The 409 respondents, students at Politehnica University of Timisoara, took part in a survey, conducted between 1 April and 30 May 2021, that was posted on isondaje.ro, a Romanian online survey platform. The research has suggested the following results: the adjustment of the verbal communication by speaking in a more articulated manner or more loudly; the overuse of the upper part of the face to compensate for the concealed parts of the face due to face mask wearing; the analysis of the factors underlying the respondents’ actions, i.e., relational attitudes, various greeting forms, various non-verbal reactions, which are aspects that are likely to change even after the pandemic. The results have also presented the changes that interpersonal communication could go through under the pressure of the restrictions imposed by the pandemic, but also the ways through which people try to protect their most valuable asset, i.e., communication, which defines humanity and makes us unique as human beings.
Collapse
|
20
|
AlRasheed MM, Alkadir AM, Bin Shuqiran KI, Al-Aqeel S, Jahrami HA, BaHammam AS. The Impact of Quarantine on Sleep Quality and Psychological Distress During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Nat Sci Sleep 2021; 13:1037-1048. [PMID: 34262375 PMCID: PMC8273741 DOI: 10.2147/nss.s313373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We investigated the impact of isolation on sleep quality and psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic in Saudi Arabia. METHODS An online survey was conducted on 353 (88 isolated and 265 not isolated) individuals from May to June 2020. Subjective sleep quality was determined using the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), and psychological distress measured using the Kessler psychological distress scale (K10). RESULTS The mean age of the isolated group was 28.6 years versus 27.5 years for the non-isolated group, with male participants accounting for 37% in both groups. The mean PSQI score was 8.5±3.6 and 8.4±3.5 for the isolated and non-isolated groups, respectively (P= 0.92). The mean K-10 score was 27.6± 9.4 and 25.3± 9.5 for the isolated and non-isolated groups, respectively (P= 0.04). Poor sleep (PSQI ≥6) was reported in 235 (66.6%) and psychological distress (K-10 ≥20) in 244 (69.1%) participants. Isolation was not associated with poor sleep (OR: 0.73 (95% CI: 0.41-1.3), P=0.29), but was statistically significant with psychological distress (OR: 2.12 (95% CI: 1.10-4.08), P=0.03). CONCLUSION Poor sleep and psychological distress symptoms were highly prevalent in our study population. Isolation may influence psychological distress but not sleep quality during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maha M AlRasheed
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afnan M Alkadir
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khulood I Bin Shuqiran
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sinaa Al-Aqeel
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haitham A Jahrami
- Ministry of Health, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
- College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
| | - Ahmed S BaHammam
- University Sleep Disorders Centre, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- The Strategic Technologies Program of the National Plan for Sciences and Technology and Innovation in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Kryger MH. Sleep during lockdown. Sleep Health 2021; 7:291-292. [PMID: 33975818 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2021.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
22
|
Effect of chronic non-communicable diseases (CNCDs) on the sleep of Brazilians during the COVID-19 pandemic. Sleep Med 2021; 91:205-210. [PMID: 33736945 PMCID: PMC9017860 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2021.02.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases (CNCDs) on the onset or increase in sleep problems during the COVID-19 pandemic period. The role of the report of sadness or nervousness during the pandemic was also evaluated as a mediator of this association. Data from a behavior survey during COVID-19, conducted in Brazil with 45,161 people (18 years old or older), from April 24 to May 24, 2020, were used. The outcome variable was the onset or increase in sleep problems, and the exposure variable was the presence of CNCDs. The adjusted Odds Ratio of the association between CNCDs and sleep was estimated, and a mediation analysis was performed to test the effect of the report of sadness or nervousness on this association, using the Karlson Holm Breen method. The increase in sleep problems was reported by 44.9% of the population, and 33.9% reported at least one CNCD. The chance of sleep problems was higher among people with diabetes (1.34; 1.05–1.71), hypertension (1.26; 1.06–1.50), and with coronary heart diseases (1.36; 1.13–1.65) or respiratory diseases (1.42; 1.04–1.93). Compared to people without CNCDs, individuals with at least one CNCD had a 36% greater chance of impaired sleep (1.36; 1.19–1.55). The report of sadness or nervousness explained 45.1% of the association between CNCD and sleep. Our findings alert us to care for the emotional state and sleep of chronic patients during the waves of the COVID-19 pandemic, and indicate the need for sleep monitoring in this population.
Collapse
|
23
|
Girma A, Ayalew E, Mesafint G. Covid-19 Pandemic-Related Stress and Coping Strategies Among Adults with Chronic Disease in Southwest Ethiopia. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2021; 17:1551-1561. [PMID: 34045857 PMCID: PMC8144169 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s308394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic presented a great threat to the physical and mental health of the general population. Patients with chronic disease have always been vulnerable to stressful life conditions. Therefore, determining the perceived stress and coping strategies among chronic disease patients is crucial to minimize the mental health consequences related to the outbreak. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine COVID-19-related stress and coping strategies among adults with chronic disease in southwest Ethiopia. METHODS An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 613 randomly selected adults with chronic disease in southwest Ethiopia. A multiple linear regression analysis was used to determine the relationship between the COVID-19-related stress score and coping strategy types, and independent sample t-tests and ANOVA tests were conducted. Statistical significance was accepted at p-values <0.05. RESULTS More than two-thirds of study participants (68.4%) were moderately stressed, 13.9% were severely stressed, and 17.8% had low levels of perceived stress. Active coping (β=1.238, 95% CI: 0.0 to 2.477), denial (β=3.678, 95% CI: 2.44 to 4.915), behavioral disengagement (β=3.669, 95% CI: 2.193 to 5.146), self-blame (β=1.722, 95% CI: 0.146 to 3.297), and religion (β=3.443, 95% CI: 2.028 to 4.858) coping strategies positively predicted the COVID-19-related stress score. Only the acceptance coping strategy (β=-2.710, 95% CI: -3.926 to -1.493) negatively predicted the COVID-19-related stress score. CONCLUSION Significant numbers of participants suffered from moderate to severe perceived stress levels due to the COVID-19 outbreak. Both adaptive and maladaptive coping strategy types were significantly associated positively and negatively with perceived stress score among adults with chronic disease. There were significant differences in the mean scores of perceived stress and categories of variables such as family size, duration of disease, and age of the participants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abel Girma
- Department of Reproductive Health and Human Nutrition, Mizan-Tepi University, Mizan-Aman, Ethiopia
| | - Ermias Ayalew
- Department of Nursing, Mizan-Tepi University, Mizan-Aman, Ethiopia
| | | |
Collapse
|