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Cheng P, Wang Y, Wu Q, Zhang H, Fang W, Feng F. Role of TRIM59 in regulating PPM1A in the pathogenesis of silicosis and the intervention effect of tanshinone IIA. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 177:117014. [PMID: 38908195 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024] Open
Abstract
This study examines the involvement of TRIM59 in silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis and explores the therapeutic efficacy of Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA). In vivo experiments conducted on rats with silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis unveiled an increase in TRIM59 levels and a decrease in PPM1A levels. Subsequent investigations using in vitro silicosis cell models demonstrated that modulation of TRIM59 expression significantly impacts silicosis fibrosis, influencing the levels of PPM1A and activation of the Smad2/3 signaling pathway. Immunofluorescence and co-immunoprecipitation assays confirmed the interaction between TRIM59 and PPM1A in fibroblasts, wherein TRIM59 facilitated the degradation of PPM1A protein via proteasomal and ubiquitin-mediated pathways. Furthermore, employing a rat model of silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis, Tan IIA exhibited efficacy in mitigating lung tissue damage and fibrosis. Immunohistochemical analysis validated the upregulation of TRIM59 and downregulation of PPM1A in silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis, which Tan IIA alleviated. In vitro studies elucidated the mechanism by which Tan IIA regulates the Smad2/3 signaling pathway through TRIM59-mediated modulation of PPM1A. Treatment with Tan IIA in silica-induced fibrosis cell models resulted in concentration-dependent reductions in fibrotic markers and attenuation of relevant protein expressions. Tan IIA intervention in silica-induced fibrosis cell models mitigated the TRIM59-induced upregulation of fibrotic markers and enhanced PPM1A expression, thereby partially reversing Smad2/3 activation. Overall, the findings indicate that while overexpression of TRIM59 may activate the Smads pathway by suppressing PPM1A expression, treatment with Tan IIA holds promise in counteracting these effects by inhibiting TRIM59 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Cheng
- The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, China
| | - Yongbin Wang
- The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, China
| | - Qian Wu
- The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, China
| | - Huanan Zhang
- The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, China
| | - WanLi Fang
- Powerchina Sepco1 Electric Power Construction Co., Ltd. Affiliated Hospital, China
| | - Feifei Feng
- The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, China.
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2
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Gu J, Chen J, Xiang S, Zhou X, Li J. Intricate confrontation: Research progress and application potential of TRIM family proteins in tumor immune escape. J Adv Res 2023; 54:147-179. [PMID: 36736694 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tripartite motif (TRIM) family proteins have more than 80 members and are widely found in various eukaryotic cells. Most TRIM family proteins participate in the ubiquitin-proteasome degradation system as E3-ubiquitin ligases; therefore, they play pivotal regulatory roles in the occurrence and development of tumors, including tumor immune escape. Due to the diversity of functional domains of TRIM family proteins, they can extensively participate in multiple signaling pathways of tumor immune escape through different substrates. In current research and clinical contexts, immune escape has become an urgent problem. The extensive participation of TRIM family proteins in curing tumors or preventing postoperative recurrence and metastasis makes them promising targets. AIM OF REVIEW The aim of the review is to make up for the gap in the current research on TRIM family proteins and tumor immune escape and propose future development directions according to the current progress and problems. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW This up-to-date review summarizes the characteristics and biological functions of TRIM family proteins, discusses the mechanisms of TRIM family proteins involved in tumor immune escape, and highlights the specific mechanism from the level of structure-function-molecule-pathway-phenotype, including mechanisms at the level of protein domains and functions, at the level of molecules and signaling pathways, and at the level of cells and microenvironments. We also discuss the application potential of TRIM family proteins in tumor immunotherapy, such as possible treatment strategies for combination targeting TRIM family protein drugs and checkpoint inhibitors for improving cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Jingyi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Shuaixi Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Xikun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.
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3
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Zhang ZC, Zhao HF, Sun Z, Li Y, Zhong ML, Wang BH, Jiang XZ. Tripartite motif-containing 9 promoted proliferation and migration of bladder cancer cells through CEACAM6-Smad2/3 axis. J Cell Commun Signal 2023:10.1007/s12079-023-00766-7. [PMID: 37249822 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-023-00766-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies have shown that tripartite motif-containing (TRIM) family proteins function as E3 ubiquitin ligases and play essential roles in cancer biology. In the present study, we validated a contribution of TRIM9 to bladder cancer progression. 296 patients derived from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and 22 clinical specimens were included, in which accumulated TRIM9 correlated with the poor prognosis and higher relapse in bladder patients. In vitro, TRIM9 promoted bladder cancer cells Biu-87 and T24 cell proliferation and migration. Meanwhile, overexpression of TRIM9 reduced the chemosensitivity in Biu-87 and T24 to mitomycin C (MMC) and gemcitabine (GEM). As an underlying mechanism, we found that TRIM9 stimulated carcinoembryonic antigen 6 (CEACAM6) upregulation, which further facilitated Smad2/3-matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) signaling activation both in vitro and in vivo. Those results indicated that TRIM9 facilitated bladder cancer development and chemoresistance by CEACAM6-Smad2/3 axis. TRIM9 and its associated molecules could be a potential diagnostic indicator and therapeutic target in bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Cun Zhang
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hai-Feng Zhao
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zhuang Sun
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ming-Lei Zhong
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Bao-Hai Wang
- Department of Urology, Liangshan People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xian-Zhou Jiang
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China.
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4
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Huang N, Sun X, Li P, Liu X, Zhang X, Chen Q, Xin H. TRIM family contribute to tumorigenesis, cancer development, and drug resistance. Exp Hematol Oncol 2022; 11:75. [PMID: 36261847 PMCID: PMC9583506 DOI: 10.1186/s40164-022-00322-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The tripartite-motif (TRIM) family represents one of the largest classes of putative single protein RING-finger E3 ubiquitin ligases. TRIM family is involved in a variety of cellular signaling transductions and biological processes. TRIM family also contributes to cancer initiation, progress, and therapy resistance, exhibiting oncogenic and tumor-suppressive functions in different human cancer types. Moreover, TRIM family members have great potential to serve as biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. In this review, we focus on the specific mechanisms of the participation of TRIM family members in tumorigenesis, and cancer development including interacting with dysregulated signaling pathways such as JAK/STAT, PI3K/AKT, TGF-β, NF-κB, Wnt/β-catenin, and p53 hub. In addition, many studies have demonstrated that the TRIM family are related to tumor resistance; modulate the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) process, and guarantee the acquisition of cancer stem cells (CSCs) phenotype. In the end, we havediscussed the potential of TRIM family members for cancer therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy & General Surgery of Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China.,PharmaLegacy Laboratories Co.,Ltd, Shengrong Road No.388, Zhangjiang High-tech Park, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaolin Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy & General Surgery of Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy & General Surgery of Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy & General Surgery of Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China.,PharmaLegacy Laboratories Co.,Ltd, Shengrong Road No.388, Zhangjiang High-tech Park, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuemei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy & General Surgery of Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy & General Surgery of Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Hong Xin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy & General Surgery of Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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Han X, Zhang Y, Lu F, Feng J, Zhang C, Wang G. Hypermethylated PODN represses the progression of osteosarcoma by inactivating the TGF-β/Smad2/3 pathway. Pathol Res Pract 2022; 238:154075. [PMID: 36037657 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2022.154075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND PODN is reported to be an promising biomarker for prognosis of osteosarcoma (OS), while the specific function of PODN has not been explored in OS. This study is designed to explore the function and underlying mechanism of PODN in OS. METHODS The mRNA expression of PODN was determined using qRT-PCR. Protein levels of PODN, DNMT1, DNMT3A, DNMT3B, TGF-β1, Smad2/3 and p-Smad2/3 were detected using western blot. The methylation of PODN was determined with methylation-specific PCR. Moreover, CCK-8 assay and colony formation assay were used for assessing the proliferation of OS cells. Transwell assay was used to evaluate migration and invasion abilities of OS cells. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to determine the protein expression of Ki67 and PODN in tumor tissues. For constructing a xenograft tumor model, MG-63 cells were introduced into the right side of the mouse back via subcutaneous injection. RESULTS PODN was lowly expressed and was hypermethylated in OS tissues and cells. PODN overexpression prevented OS cells from proliferating, migrating and invading, and inhibited tumorigenesis in xenograft mice. After PODN overexpression, protein levels of TGF-β1 and p-Smad2/3 were decreased in OS cells. Meantime, the suppressive effects of PODN overexpression on proliferation, migration and invasion of OS cells as well as mouse tumorigenesis were partly counteracted by TGF-β1 overexpression. CONCLUSIONS PODN overexpression inactivated the TGF-β/Smad2/3 pathway to suppress OS development in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuxin Han
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Feng Lu
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Jinyan Feng
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China.
| | - Guowen Wang
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China.
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Zhang Y, Zhang W, Zheng L, Guo Q. The roles and targeting options of TRIM family proteins in tumor. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:999380. [PMID: 36249749 PMCID: PMC9561884 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.999380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tripartite motif (TRIM) containing proteins are a class of E3 ubiquitin ligases, which are critically implicated in the occurrence and development of tumors. They can function through regulating various aspects of tumors, such as tumor proliferation, metastasis, apoptosis and the development of drug resistance during tumor therapy. Some members of TRIM family proteins can mediate protein ubiquitination and chromosome translocation via modulating several signaling pathways, like p53, NF-κB, AKT, MAPK, Wnt/β-catenin and other molecular regulatory mechanisms. The multi-domain nature/multi-functional biological role of TRIMs implies that blocking just one function or one domain might not be sufficient to obtain the desired therapeutic outcome, therefore, a detailed and systematic understanding of the biological functions of the individual domains of TRIMs is required. This review mainly described their roles and underlying mechanisms in tumorigenesis and progression, and it might shade light on a potential targeting strategy for TRIMs in tumor treatment, especially using PROTACs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenzhou Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lufeng Zheng
- School of Life Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Lufeng Zheng, ; Qianqian Guo,
| | - Qianqian Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Lufeng Zheng, ; Qianqian Guo,
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Assessment of the TGFB1 gene expression and methylation status of the promoter region in patients with colorectal cancer. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11488. [PMID: 35798776 PMCID: PMC9263105 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-15599-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of the TGFB1 gene encoding the TGF-β1 cytokine in 64 patients, and then to compare it with clinico-pathological features. The study also investigated whether the regulation of the gene expression is caused by methylation of the promoter region between − 235 and + 22 nucleotide from the start of transcription. The dependence of the relative level of the TGFB1 gene expression on the clinical advancement according to the TNM classifications was shown. Additionally, the individual grades of the T and M features of the TNM classification differed in the relative transcript levels of the TGFB1 gene. Moreover, the higher relative expression level of the studied gene was associated with a lack of vascular invasion by cancer cells and presence of lymphocytes in the neoplastic tissue. The obtained results may indicate a possible impact of the gene on the process of carcinogenesis in colorectal cancer and reduction of its expression level may be one of the factors contributing to progression of the disease.
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Jiang H, Ma P, Duan Z, Liu Y, Shen S, Mi Y, Fan D. Ginsenoside Rh4 Suppresses Metastasis of Gastric Cancer via SIX1-Dependent TGF-β/Smad2/3 Signaling Pathway. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14081564. [PMID: 35458126 PMCID: PMC9032069 DOI: 10.3390/nu14081564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is the leading causes of cancer-related death worldwide. Surgery remains the cornerstone of gastric cancer treatment, and new strategies with adjuvant chemotherapy are currently gaining more and more acceptance. Ginsenoside Rh4 has excellent antitumor activity. Conversely, the mechanisms involved in treatment of GC are not completely understood. In this study, we certified that Rh4 showed strong anti-GC efficiency in vitro and in vivo. MTT and colony formation assays were performed to exhibit that Rh4 significantly inhibited cellular proliferation and colony formation. Results from the wound healing assay, transwell assays, and Western blotting indicated that Rh4 restrained GC cell migration and invasion by reversing epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). Further validation by proteomic screening, co-treatment with disitertide, and SIX1 signal silencing revealed that SIX1, a target of Rh4, induced EMT by activating the TGF-β/Smad2/3 signaling pathway. In summary, our discoveries demonstrated the essential basis of the anti-GC metastatic effects of Rh4 via suppressing the SIX1–TGF-β/Smad2/3 signaling axis, which delivers a new idea for the clinical treatment of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Jiang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Degradable Biomedical Materials, Shaanxi R&D Center of Biomaterials, Fermentation Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Taibai North Road 229, Xi’an 710069, China; (H.J.); (P.M.); (Z.D.); (Y.L.); (S.S.)
- Biotech and Biomed Research Institute, Northwest University, Taibai North Road 229, Xi’an 710069, China
| | - Pei Ma
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Degradable Biomedical Materials, Shaanxi R&D Center of Biomaterials, Fermentation Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Taibai North Road 229, Xi’an 710069, China; (H.J.); (P.M.); (Z.D.); (Y.L.); (S.S.)
- Biotech and Biomed Research Institute, Northwest University, Taibai North Road 229, Xi’an 710069, China
| | - Zhiguang Duan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Degradable Biomedical Materials, Shaanxi R&D Center of Biomaterials, Fermentation Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Taibai North Road 229, Xi’an 710069, China; (H.J.); (P.M.); (Z.D.); (Y.L.); (S.S.)
- Biotech and Biomed Research Institute, Northwest University, Taibai North Road 229, Xi’an 710069, China
| | - Yannan Liu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Degradable Biomedical Materials, Shaanxi R&D Center of Biomaterials, Fermentation Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Taibai North Road 229, Xi’an 710069, China; (H.J.); (P.M.); (Z.D.); (Y.L.); (S.S.)
- Biotech and Biomed Research Institute, Northwest University, Taibai North Road 229, Xi’an 710069, China
| | - Shihong Shen
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Degradable Biomedical Materials, Shaanxi R&D Center of Biomaterials, Fermentation Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Taibai North Road 229, Xi’an 710069, China; (H.J.); (P.M.); (Z.D.); (Y.L.); (S.S.)
- Biotech and Biomed Research Institute, Northwest University, Taibai North Road 229, Xi’an 710069, China
| | - Yu Mi
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Degradable Biomedical Materials, Shaanxi R&D Center of Biomaterials, Fermentation Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Taibai North Road 229, Xi’an 710069, China; (H.J.); (P.M.); (Z.D.); (Y.L.); (S.S.)
- Biotech and Biomed Research Institute, Northwest University, Taibai North Road 229, Xi’an 710069, China
- Correspondence: (Y.M.); (D.F.); Tel.: +86-29-88305118 (Y.M. & D.F.)
| | - Daidi Fan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Degradable Biomedical Materials, Shaanxi R&D Center of Biomaterials, Fermentation Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Taibai North Road 229, Xi’an 710069, China; (H.J.); (P.M.); (Z.D.); (Y.L.); (S.S.)
- Biotech and Biomed Research Institute, Northwest University, Taibai North Road 229, Xi’an 710069, China
- Correspondence: (Y.M.); (D.F.); Tel.: +86-29-88305118 (Y.M. & D.F.)
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Dai W, Wang J, Wang Z, Xiao Y, Li J, Hong L, Pei M, Zhang J, Yang P, Wu X, Tang W, Jiang X, Jiang P, Xiang L, Li A, Lin J, Liu S, Wang J. Comprehensive Analysis of the Prognostic Values of the TRIM Family in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 11:767644. [PMID: 35004288 PMCID: PMC8733586 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.767644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Accumulating studies have demonstrated the abnormal expressions and prognostic values of certain members of the tripartite motif (TRIM) family in diverse cancers. However, comprehensive prognostic values of the TRIM family in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are yet to be clearly defined. Methods The prognostic values of the TRIM family were evaluated by survival analysis and univariate Cox regression analysis based on gene expression data and clinical data of HCC from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. The expression profiles, protein–protein interaction among the TRIM family, prediction of transcription factors (TFs) or miRNAs, genetic alterations, correlations with the hallmarks of cancer and immune infiltrates, and pathway enrichment analysis were explored by multiple public databases. Further, a TRIM family gene-based signature for predicting overall survival (OS) in HCC was built by using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression. TCGA–Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma (LIHC) cohort was used as the training set, and GSE76427 was used for external validation. Time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and survival analysis were used to estimate the signature. Finally, a nomogram combining the TRIM family risk score and clinical parameters was established. Results High expressions of TRIM family members including TRIM3, TRIM5, MID1, TRIM21, TRIM27, TRIM32, TRIM44, TRIM47, and TRIM72 were significantly associated with HCC patients’ poor OS. A novel TRIM family gene-based signature (including TRIM5, MID1, TRIM21, TRIM32, TRIM44, and TRIM47) was built for OS prediction in HCC. ROC curves suggested the signature’s good performance in OS prediction. HCC patients in the high-risk group had poorer OS than the low-risk patients based on the signature. A nomogram integrating the TRIM family risk score, age, and TNM stage was established. The ROC curves suggested that the signature presented better discrimination than the similar model without the TRIM family risk score. Conclusion Our study identified the potential application values of the TRIM family for outcome prediction in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyu Dai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yizhi Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaying Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Linjie Hong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Miaomiao Pei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jieming Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ping Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaosheng Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weimei Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoling Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ping Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Xiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Longgang District People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Aimin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianjiao Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Longgang District People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Side Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Longgang District People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jide Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Longgang District People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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10
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Liu W, Wu Z, Wang L, Wang Q, Sun X, Niu S. Knockdown of TRIM11 suppresses cell progression and apoptosis of cervical cancer cells via PI3K/AKT pathway. Am J Transl Res 2021; 13:10328-10340. [PMID: 34650700 PMCID: PMC8507035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To detect the expression pattern of TRIM11 in CC and to investigate the effect of TRIM11 knockdown on CC progression. METHODS First, the expression pattern and function of TRIM11 in CC were inferred by GEPIA database. The expression of TRIM11 in CC tissues and cells was verified by RT-qPCR and Western blot assays. TRIM11 shRNA was transfected into CC cells. The effect of TRIM11 knockdown on CC cell proliferation and cell apoptosis was assessed by CCK-8 assay, clone formation test and flow cytometry (FCM). Furthermore, the effect of TRIM11 knockdown on cell migration and invasion was measured by Transwell assay. The apoptosis-related proteins (Bax, Bcl-2 and Cleaved caspase 3) and PI3K/AKT pathway-related proteins (PI3K, p-PI3K, AKT and p-Akt) were examined by Western blot assay. RESULTS TRIM11 was found to be dramatically upregulated in CC tissues and cells. Besides this, TRIM11 was closely related to FIGO stage, infiltration depth and metastasis. Moreover, high expression of TRIM11 was found to be associated with poor prognosis of CC patients. Functional experiments showed that knockdown of TRIM11 obviously suppressed CC cell proliferation, migration and invasion, while accelerated cell apoptosis. In addition, the PI3K inhibitor (LY294002) was used to assess the connection between PI3K/AKT pathway and TRIM11 in CC cells. We found that TRIM11 overexpression suppressed the phosphorylation of PI3K and AKT in CC cells. CONCLUSION Hence, TRIM11 regulates CC cell progression by modulating PI3K/AKT pathway. The results suggested that TRIM11 might be a possible target for the diagnosis and prognosis of CC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfeng Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Jinan City People’s Hospital, Jinan People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical UniversityJinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zuoli Wu
- Anaesthesia Recovery Room, People’s Hospital of RizhaoRizhao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Lijuan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weishan People’s HospitalJining, Shandong Province, China
| | - Qijun Wang
- Department of E.N.T, Zhangqiu District People’s HospitalJinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiuhua Sun
- Property Management Section, Zhangqiu District People’s HospitalJinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Shufeng Niu
- Gynecology Ward, Jinan Maternity and Child Care HospitalJinan, Shandong Province, China
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Integrated bioinformatics analysis reveals correlations of high TRIM59 expression with worse prognosis and immune infiltrates in lung adenocarcinoma. JOURNAL OF BIO-X RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1097/jbr.0000000000000110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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12
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Knockdown of TRIM26 inhibits the proliferation, migration and invasion of bladder cancer cells through the Akt/GSK3β/β-catenin pathway. Chem Biol Interact 2021; 337:109366. [PMID: 33549581 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tripartite motif-containing protein 26 (TRIM26) is a member of the TRIM protein family and has been demonstrated to play crucial roles in several types of cancers. However, the biological role of TRIM26 in bladder cancer and the mechanism have not been studied. In this study, we investigated the expression of TRIM26 in bladder cancer tissues and their adjacent non-tumor tissues by Western blot and qRT-PCR. In vitro investigations were performed to assess the roles of TRIM26 in bladder cancer using TRIM26-silencing and TRIM26-overexpressing bladder cancer cell lines. MTT and EdU assays were performed to evaluate cell proliferation. Cell migration and invasion were determined by transwell assays. Western blot analysis was performed to detect the expression levels of p-Akt, Akt, p-GSK3β, GSK3β, β-catenin and c-Myc. Our results showed that TRIM26 expression was upregulated in human bladder cancer tissues and cell lines at both mRNA and protein levels. Knockdown of TRIM26 significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of bladder cancer cells. In contrast, TRIM26 overexpression promoted bladder cancer cell proliferation, cell migration and invasion. Furthermore, knockdown of TRIM26 significantly decreased the levels of p-Akt, p-GSK3β, β-catenin and c-Myc in bladder cancer cells. Additionally, induction of Akt by SC79 treatment reversed the inhibitory effects of TRIM26 knockdown on the cellular behaviors of bladder cancer cells, while inhibition of β-catenin reversed the effects of TRIM26 overexpression on the behaviors. Finally, knockdown of TRIM26 attenuated the growth of tumor xenografts in nude mice. In conclusion, these findings demonstrated that TRIM26 exerted an oncogenic role in bladder cancer through regulation of cell proliferation, migration and invasion via the Akt/GSK3β/β-catenin pathway.
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Sinha A, Iyengar PV, ten Dijke P. E3 Ubiquitin Ligases: Key Regulators of TGFβ Signaling in Cancer Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:E476. [PMID: 33418880 PMCID: PMC7825147 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) is a secreted growth and differentiation factor that influences vital cellular processes like proliferation, adhesion, motility, and apoptosis. Regulation of the TGFβ signaling pathway is of key importance to maintain tissue homeostasis. Perturbation of this signaling pathway has been implicated in a plethora of diseases, including cancer. The effect of TGFβ is dependent on cellular context, and TGFβ can perform both anti- and pro-oncogenic roles. TGFβ acts by binding to specific cell surface TGFβ type I and type II transmembrane receptors that are endowed with serine/threonine kinase activity. Upon ligand-induced receptor phosphorylation, SMAD proteins and other intracellular effectors become activated and mediate biological responses. The levels, localization, and function of TGFβ signaling mediators, regulators, and effectors are highly dynamic and regulated by a myriad of post-translational modifications. One such crucial modification is ubiquitination. The ubiquitin modification is also a mechanism by which crosstalk with other signaling pathways is achieved. Crucial effector components of the ubiquitination cascade include the very diverse family of E3 ubiquitin ligases. This review summarizes the diverse roles of E3 ligases that act on TGFβ receptor and intracellular signaling components. E3 ligases regulate TGFβ signaling both positively and negatively by regulating degradation of receptors and various signaling intermediates. We also highlight the function of E3 ligases in connection with TGFβ's dual role during tumorigenesis. We conclude with a perspective on the emerging possibility of defining E3 ligases as drug targets and how they may be used to selectively target TGFβ-induced pro-oncogenic responses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Peter ten Dijke
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology and Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands; (A.S.); (P.V.I.)
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14
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Wu C, Shang XQ, You ZP, Jin QF, Zhang YL, Zhou Y, Zhang YZ, Shi K. TRIM59 Promotes Retinoblastoma Progression by Activating the p38-MAPK Signaling Pathway. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2021; 61:2. [PMID: 32744597 PMCID: PMC7441337 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.61.10.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Retinoblastoma is a malignant tumor of the developing retina that mostly occurs in children. Our study aimed to investigate the effect of tripartite motif-containing protein 59 (TRIM59) on retinoblastoma growth and the underlying mechanisms. Methods We performed bioinformatic analysis of three datasets (GSE24673, GSE97508, and GSE110811) from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Quantitative reverse-transcription PCR and immunoblotting of three retinoblastoma cell lines were conducted to verify TRIM59 as a differentially expressed gene. Specific siRNAs were used to inhibit TRIM59 expression in the HXO-Rb44 cell line. A lentiviral vector was transfected into the Y79 cell line to overexpress TRIM59. The effects of TRIM59 on retinoblastoma cell proliferation, cell cycling, and apoptosis were explored in vitro using the abovementioned cell lines. The effect of TRIM59 expression on retinoblastoma cell proliferation was evaluated in a mouse xenograft tumor model. Results TRIM59 expression in three retinoblastoma cell lines was remarkably elevated compared with normal control. Knocking down TRIM59 expression remarkably suppressed cell proliferation and growth and promoted cell apoptosis in HXO-Rb44 cells, whereas TRIM59 overexpression promoted tumor progression in Y79 cells. Silencing TRIM59 also markedly inhibited in vivo tumor growth in the xenograft model. Mechanistic studies revealed that TRIM59 upregulated phosphorylated p38, p-JNK1/2, p-ERK1/2, and p-c-JUN expression in retinoblastoma cells. Notably, the p38 inhibitor SB203580 attenuated the effects of TRIM59 on cell proliferation, apoptosis, and the G1/S phase transition. Conclusions TRIM59 plays an oncogenic role in retinoblastoma and exerts its tumor-promotive function by activating the p38-mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway.
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Min WP, Wei XF. Silencing SIX1 inhibits epithelial mesenchymal transition through regulating TGF-β/Smad2/3 signaling pathway in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Auris Nasus Larynx 2020; 48:487-495. [PMID: 33077306 DOI: 10.1016/j.anl.2020.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the sineoculis homeobox homolog 1 (SIX1) affect the epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) through regulating TGF-β/Smad2/3 signaling pathway. METHODS The SIX1 expression in cytological specimens, tissues or PTC cell lines was detected by qRT-PCR, western blotting or immunohistochemistry. A series of vitro experiments including flow cytometry, CCK-8, wound-healing and Transwell were used to evaluate the biological characteristics in a PTC cell line (NPA cells), which were divided into Blank, Negative control (NC), SIX1, SIX1-siRNA, LY-364947 (TGF-β/Smad2/3 pathway inhibitor) and SIX1 + LY-364947 groups. TGF-β/Smad2/3 pathway and EMT related protein expression were measured by qRT-PCR and western blotting. RESULTS SIX1 mRNA expression was increased in cytological specimens from PTC patients as compared with the non-toxic nodular goitre (NTG) patients. Moreover, compared with adjacent normal tissues, expressions of SIX1, N-cadherin and Vimentin were higher while E-cadherin was lower in PTC tissues; and SIX1 was positively correlated with N-cadherin and Vimentin but was negatively correlated with E-cadherin. Furthermore, the SIX1 expression was associated with histopathology, extrathyroidal extension (ETE), lymph node metastasis (LNM), pT stage, TNM stage, and distant metastasis. In addition, the expressions of TGFβ1, p-SMAD2/3, N-cadherin and Vimentin were downregulated in NPA cells after LY-364947 treatment with upregulated E-cadherin, decreased cell proliferation and metastasis, and enhanced cell apoptosis, which was reversed by SIX1 overexpression. CONCLUSION Silencing SIX1 can inhibit TGF-β/Smad2/3 pathway, thereby suppressing EMT in PTC, which may be a novel avenue for the treatment of PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Pu Min
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Jingzhou City, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Wei
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Jingzhou City, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434000, Hubei Province, China.
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Gong LP, Chen JN, Dong M, Xiao ZD, Feng ZY, Pan YH, Zhang Y, Du Y, Zhang JY, Bi YH, Huang JT, Liang J, Shao CK. Epstein-Barr virus-derived circular RNA LMP2A induces stemness in EBV-associated gastric cancer. EMBO Rep 2020; 21:e49689. [PMID: 32790025 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201949689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are cancer-initiating cells that are not only a source of tumorigenesis but also the cause of tumour progression, metastasis and therapy resistance. EBV-associated gastric cancer (EBVaGC) is a distinct subtype of gastric cancer with unique clinicopathological and molecular features. However, whether CSCs exist in EBVaGC, and the tumorigenic mechanism of EBV, remains unclear. Here, NOD/SCID mice were injected subcutaneously with the EBVaGC cell line SNU719 and treated with 5-fluorouracil weekly. Successive generations of xenografts yielded a highly malignant EBVaGC cell line, SNU-4th, which displays properties of CSCs and mainly consists of CD44+ CD24- cells. In SNU-4th cells, an EBV-encoded circRNA, ebv-circLMP2A, expression increased and plays crucial roles in inducing and maintaining stemness phenotypes through targeting miR-3908/TRIM59/p53 axis. Additionally, high expression of ebv-circLMP2A is significantly associated with metastasis and poor prognosis in patients with EBVaGC. These findings not only provide evidence for the existence of CSCs in EBVaGC and elucidate the pathogenic mechanism of ebv-circLMP2A in EBVaGC, but also provide a promising therapeutic target for EBVaGC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ping Gong
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Ning Chen
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Dong
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhen-Dong Xiao
- Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Ying Feng
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Hang Pan
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Du
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing-Yue Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuan-Hua Bi
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pathology, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Jun-Ting Huang
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Liang
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chun-Kui Shao
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Wang F, Wang H, Sun L, Niu C, Xu J. TRIM59 inhibits PPM1A through ubiquitination and activates TGF-β/Smad signaling to promote the invasion of ectopic endometrial stromal cells in endometriosis. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2020; 319:C392-C401. [PMID: 32348176 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00127.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to define the underlying molecular mechanism of tripartite motif (TRIM) 59-induced invasion of ectopic endometrial stromal cells in endometriosis. Primary endometriosis ectopic endometrial stromal cells and normal endometrial cells were isolated and purified. Western blot was used to detect the expression of TRIM59, protein phosphatase Mg2+/Mn2+-dependent 1A (PPM1A), smad2/3, and phosphorylated (p)-smad2/3. Lentiviral vector-mediated TRIM59 interference and overexpression were established. Cell Counting Kit-8 assay was used to detect cell proliferation, and the Transwell migration assay was used to detect cell invasion. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-2), MMP9, smad2/3, and p-smad2/3 expressions were also detected using Western blot analysis; degradation of PPM1A was verified to be through ubiquitination. We found that TRIM59 expression levels in the endometriosis group was significantly higher compared with the normal group (P < 0.05), whereas the expression levels of PPM1A in the endometriosis group were significantly lower (P < 0.05). Endometriosis did not alter smad2/3 (P > 0.05) expression. However, after activating smad2/3 by phosphorylation, the expression of p-smad2/3 in the endometriosis group was significantly higher compared with the normal group (P < 0.05). The content of PPM1A in the TRIM59 overexpression group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.001), whereas the content of PPM1A in the siTRIM59 group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.001). In addition, there were no significant differences in the mRNA levels of PPM1A among the five groups, indicating that TRIM59 affects the expression of PPM1A at the posttranslational level (P < 0.05). Overexpression of TRIM59 significantly promoted the ubiquitination of PPM1A. We conclude that TRIM59 inhibits PPM1A through ubiquitination and activates the transforming growth factor-β/Smad pathway to promote the invasion of ectopic endometrial stromal cells in endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyu Wang
- Henan Provincial Research Institute for Population and Family Planning, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects Prevention, National Health Commission, and Key Laboratory of Population Defects Intervention Technology of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Haili Wang
- Henan Provincial Research Institute for Population and Family Planning, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects Prevention, National Health Commission, and Key Laboratory of Population Defects Intervention Technology of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lei Sun
- Translational Medical Center, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chengling Niu
- Henan Provincial Research Institute for Population and Family Planning, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects Prevention, National Health Commission, and Key Laboratory of Population Defects Intervention Technology of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Yancheng Third People's Hospital, Yancheng, China
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Jin Z, Zhu Z, Liu S, Hou Y, Tang M, Zhu P, Tian Y, Li D, Yan D, Zhu X. TRIM59 Protects Mice From Sepsis by Regulating Inflammation and Phagocytosis in Macrophages. Front Immunol 2020; 11:263. [PMID: 32133014 PMCID: PMC7041419 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is associated with bacterial invasion and inflammation and has a high mortality rate. Previous studies have demonstrated that tripartite motif 59 (TRIM59) was involved in NF-κB signaling and could promote phagocytosis of macrophages, but the role of TRIM59 in sepsis is still unknown. In our study, we found that TRIM59 was downregulated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs). In the cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) sepsis mice model, the mortality of Trim59flox/floxLyz-Cre (Trim59-cKO) mice was higher, the immune cell infiltration and damage of liver and lung were more severe, and bacteria burden was increased. We also found that TRIM59 altered the production of pro-inflammation cytokines, as well as macrophage phagocytosis ability. Further analysis indicated that NF-κB signal pathway and Fcγ receptors might be involved in these regulations. Our study demonstrated for the first time that TRIM59 protects mice from sepsis by regulating inflammation and phagocytosis in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Jin
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhenhua Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedic Trauma, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shanshan Liu
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuyang Hou
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Mengyan Tang
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Pei Zhu
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuan Tian
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Dongmei Yan
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xun Zhu
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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TRIM59 expression is regulated by Sp1 and Nrf1 in LPS-activated macrophages through JNK signaling pathway. Cell Signal 2019; 67:109522. [PMID: 31883458 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2019.109522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Activated macrophages play an important role in many inflammatory diseases including septic shock and atherosclerosis. TRIM59 has been showed to participate in many pathological processes, such as inflammation, cytotoxicity and tumorigenesis. However, the molecular mechanisms controlling its expression in activated macrophages are not fully understood. Here we report that TRIM59 expression is regulated by Sp1 and Nrf1 in LPS-activated macrophages. TRIM59 is highly expressed in macrophages, and markedly decreased by LPS stimuli in vivo and in vitro. TRIM59 promoter activity is also significantly suppressed by LPS and further analysis demonstrated that Sp1 and Nrf1 directly bound to the proximal promoter of TRIM59 gene. LPS treatment significantly decreased Sp1 expression, nuclear translocation and reduced its binding to the promoter, whereas increased Nrf1 expression, nuclear translocation and enhanced its binding to the promoter. Moreover, LPS-decreased TRIM59 expression was reversed by JNK inhibitor. Finally, TRIM59 level is significantly decreased during atherosclerosis progression. Taken together, our results demonstrated that TRIM59 expression was precisely regulated by Sp1 and Nrf1 in LPS-activated macrophages, which may be dependent on the activation of JNK signaling pathway and TRIM59 may be a potential therapeutic target for inflammatory diseases such as atherosclerosis.
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Ying H, Ji L, Xu Z, Fan X, Tong Y, Liu H, Zhao J, Cai X. TRIM59 promotes tumor growth in hepatocellular carcinoma and regulates the cell cycle by degradation of protein phosphatase 1B. Cancer Lett 2019; 473:13-24. [PMID: 31875525 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Tripartite motif 59 (TRIM59) is a member of Tripartite motif protein family, which is frequently increased in many human cancers. However, the molecular mechanism of TRIM59 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we report that TRIM59 plays an essential role in growth of HCC. We analyzed RNA sequencing data to explore abnormally expressed TRIM59 in HCC. The effects of TRIM59 on HCC were investigated through in vitro and in vivo assays (i.e., CCK-8 assay, colony formation assay, flow cytometry assay, xenograft model, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence and western blot). The mechanism of TRIM59 action was explored through co-immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence, mass spectrometry and bioinformatics. TRIM59 expression is up-regulated in HCC tissues. A high level of TRIM59 expression is correlated with poor overall and disease-free survival of HCC patients. Knockdown of TRIM59 attenuated proliferation, induced cells arrested at G1/S phase and reduced tumor growth in the mouse xenograft model. Ectopic expression of TRIM59 had the opposite results. Mechanistically, TRIM59 promoted growth and regulated cell cycle. Further studies indicated that TRIM59 might interacted physically with PPM1B, which has been reported to negatively regulate CDKs phosphorylation. We also discovered that TRIM59 increased degradation of PPM1B. TRIM59 overexpression in HCC patients correlated with reduced expression of PPM1B and increased CDKs phosphorylation and cell cycle proteins. Our findings demonstrate that TRIM59 promotes growth by PPM1B/CDKs signaling pathway, indicating a new prognostic biomarker candidate and a potential antitumor target for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanning Ying
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lin Ji
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhiyao Xu
- Department of Pathology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Fan
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yifan Tong
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Biomedical Research Center, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jia Zhao
- Biomedical Research Center, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiujun Cai
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Boguslawska J, Kryst P, Poletajew S, Piekielko-Witkowska A. TGF-β and microRNA Interplay in Genitourinary Cancers. Cells 2019; 8:E1619. [PMID: 31842336 PMCID: PMC6952810 DOI: 10.3390/cells8121619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Genitourinary cancers (GCs) include a large group of different types of tumors localizing to the kidney, bladder, prostate, testis, and penis. Despite highly divergent molecular patterns, most GCs share commonly disturbed signaling pathways that involve the activity of TGF-β (transforming growth factor beta). TGF-β is a pleiotropic cytokine that regulates key cancer-related molecular and cellular processes, including proliferation, migration, invasion, apoptosis, and chemoresistance. The understanding of the mechanisms of TGF-β actions in cancer is hindered by the "TGF-β paradox" in which early stages of cancerogenic process are suppressed by TGF-β while advanced stages are stimulated by its activity. A growing body of evidence suggests that these paradoxical TGF-β actions could result from the interplay with microRNAs: Short, non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression by binding to target transcripts and inducing mRNA degradation or inhibition of translation. Here, we discuss the current knowledge of TGF-β signaling in GCs. Importantly, TGF-β signaling and microRNA-mediated regulation of gene expression often act in complicated feedback circuits that involve other crucial regulators of cancer progression (e.g., androgen receptor). Furthermore, recently published in vitro and in vivo studies clearly indicate that the interplay between microRNAs and the TGF-β signaling pathway offers new potential treatment options for GC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Boguslawska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education; 01-813 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Piotr Kryst
- II Department of Urology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland; (P.K.); (S.P.)
| | - Slawomir Poletajew
- II Department of Urology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland; (P.K.); (S.P.)
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Lou M, Gao Z, Zhu T, Mao X, Wang Y, Yuan K, Tong J. TRIM59 as a novel molecular biomarker to predict the prognosis of patients with NSCLC. Oncol Lett 2019; 19:1400-1408. [PMID: 31966070 PMCID: PMC6956412 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.11199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
As a member of the tripartite motif family, tripartite motif-containing protein 59 (TRIM59) serves as an E3 ubiquitin ligase in various cellular processes, including intracellular signaling, development, apoptosis, protein quality control, innate immunity, autophagy and carcinogenesis. The present study aimed to investigate the expression and prognostic value of TRIM59 in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Expression of TRIM59 in patients with NSCLC was measured by immunohistochemistry in tissue microarrays. Datasets from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were used to further verify the expression level of TRIM59 in NSCLC, lung adenocarcinoma and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC). The prognostic value of TRIM59 in NSCLC was also analyzed. Immunohistochemistry revealed that TRIM59 was primarily located in the cytoplasm of tumor cells. Analysis of TCGA datasets revealed that TRIM59 was more highly expressed in tumor tissues than in normal tissues (P<0.0001). Furthermore, the TRIM59 expression level was associated with tumor differentiation (P=0.012), while no association was observed between TRIM59 expression and any other clinicopathological parameters. However, the average overall survival rate of patients with NSCLC in the high TRIM59 expression group was significantly lower than that in the low expression group (P=0.014), especially in patients with LUSC (P=0.016) and patients with poor differentiation (P=0.033). The multivariate analysis indicated that high TRIM59 expression is an independent prognostic factor in patients with NSCLC (P=0.018) and was associated with poor prognosis in patients with NSCLC. Therefore, TRIM59 may serve as a novel molecular biomarker to predict the prognosis of patients with NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Lou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China.,Department of Heart and Lung Disease, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China
| | - Zhaojia Gao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China
| | - Tao Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoliang Mao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China
| | - Yeming Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China
| | - Kai Yuan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China.,Department of Heart and Lung Disease, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China
| | - Jichun Tong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213003, P.R. China
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Ye J, Lei J, Fang Q, Shen Y, Xia W, Hu X, Xu Q, Yuan H, Huang J, Ni C. miR-4666-3p and miR-329 Synergistically Suppress the Stemness of Colorectal Cancer Cells via Targeting TGF-β/Smad Pathway. Front Oncol 2019; 9:1251. [PMID: 31824844 PMCID: PMC6880832 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Quiescent caner stem cells are identified as a subpopulation of colon cancer cells in dormant state and possess strong stem-cell like characteristics. Previously, we have identified this subpopulation in colorectal cancer (quiescent colon cancer stem cells, QCCSCs), and find QCCSCs are sensitive to the apoptotic effect of IFN-γ, which is attributed to their high IFN-γR expression levels. Microarray and bioinformatic analysis indicate miR-4666-3p is low expressed in QCCSCs and target IFN-γR1/2, which is proved by luciferase assay and western-blot. Furthermore, we find miR-4666-3p could also target TGF-βR1 to block the activation of TGF-β1/Smad pathway, therefore function as a tumor suppressor gene to inhibit the stemness of colon cancer cells. Besides, compared with QCCSCs, we find the TGF-β1 expression also decreased with the weakening of stemness properties. In terms of mechanism, our result reveal TGF-β1 is the target gene of miR-329, which is also high expressed in non-QCCSCs. Thereafter, we perform gain- and loss- function experiments to confirm the synergistic effect between miR-4666-3p and miR-329 in blocking the activation of TGF-β/Smad pathway. Finally, we evaluate the expression of both miR-4666-3p and miR-329 in 73 tumor specimens and paired normal tissue, and find both two miRNAs are related to unfavorable prognosis and advanced tumor stage in colorectal cancer. Our study revealed a novel epigenetic regulation mechanism in colon cancer stem cells, which could be exploited as a novel therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ye
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immune Therapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiacai Lei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hangzhou Dajiangdong Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qingqing Fang
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yimin Shen
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenjie Xia
- Department of General Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoge Hu
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiuran Xu
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongjun Yuan
- Department of General Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian Huang
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immune Therapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chao Ni
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immune Therapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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24
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Tian Y, Jin Z, Zhu P, Liu S, Zhang D, Tang M, Wang Y, Li D, Yan D, Li G, Zhu X. TRIM59: A membrane protein expressed on Bacillus Calmette-Guérin-activated macrophages that induces apoptosis of fibrosarcoma cells by direct contact. Exp Cell Res 2019; 384:111590. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.111590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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25
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Wang M, Chao C, Luo G, Wang B, Zhan X, Di D, Qian Y, Zhang X. Prognostic significance of TRIM59 for cancer patient survival: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e18024. [PMID: 31770215 PMCID: PMC6890323 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000018024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The family of tripartite motif (TRIM) proteins, which includes 80 known TRIM protein genes in humans, play a key role in cellular processes. TRIM59, a member of the TRIM family of proteins, has been reported to be involved in the carcinogenesis of multiple types of tumors. However, the prognostic value of TRIM59 in the survival of tumor patients remains controversial. We therefore conducted a meta-analysis to assess the prognostic significance of TRIM59 in cancer patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS PubMed, Embase, VIP, CNKI and Wanfang Data were searched for eligible reports published before September 30, 2018. The hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were adopted to estimate the association between TRIM59 and overall survival (OS). RESULTS Six studies with 1584 patients were included to assess the effect. The results showed that high levels of TRIM59 were significantly associated with poor OS in cancer patients (HR = 1.43, 95%CI: 1.24-1.66, P < .001), indicating that higher TRIM59 expression could be an independent prognostic factor for poor survival in cancer patients. CONCLUSION Our meta-analysis suggests that higher TRIM59 expression predicts poor prognosis in cancer patients, and it may therefore serve as a promising prognostic factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery
| | - Ce Chao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery
| | - Guanghua Luo
- Comprehensive Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery
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TRIM59 inhibits porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV)-2 replication in vitro. Res Vet Sci 2019; 127:105-112. [PMID: 31683196 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2019.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) caused by PRRS virus (PRRSV), has ranked among the major economically significant pathogen in the global swine industry. The PRRSV nonstructural protein (nsp)11 possesses nidovirus endoribonuclease (NendoU) activity, which is important for virus replication and suppression of the host innate immunity system. Recent proteomic study found that TRIM59 (tripartite motif-containing 59) interacted with the nsp11, albeit the exact role it plays in PRRSV infection remains enigmatic. Herein, we first confirmed the interaction between nsp11 and TRIM59 in co-transfected HEK293T cells and PRRSV-infected pulmonary alveolar macrophages (PAMs). The interacting domains between TRIM59 and nsp11 were further determined to be the N-terminal RING domain in TRIM59 and the C-terminal NendoU domain in nsp11, respectively. Moreover, we reported that overexpression of TRIM59 inhibited PRRSV infection in Marc-145 cells. Conversely, small interfering RNA (siRNA) depletion of TRIM59 resulted in enhanced production of PRRSV in PAMs. Together, these data add TRIM59 as a crucial antiviral component against PRRSV and provide new insights for development of new compounds to reduce PRRSV infection.
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27
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Zhu M, Xu W, Wei C, Huang J, Xu J, Zhang Y, Zhao Y, Chen J, Dong S, Liu B, Liang C. CCL14 serves as a novel prognostic factor and tumor suppressor of HCC by modulating cell cycle and promoting apoptosis. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:796. [PMID: 31641099 PMCID: PMC6805940 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1966-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
CCL14 is a member of CC chemokines and its role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is still unknown. In this study, CCL14 expression were analyzed by tissue microarray (TMA) including 171 paired tumor and peritumor tissues of patients from Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University. We found for the first time that CCL14 was downregulated in HCC tumor tissues compared with peritumor tissues (P = 0.01). Meanwhile, CCL14 low expression in HCC tumor tissues is associated with a poor prognosis (P = 0.035). CCL14 also displayed its predictive value in high differentiation (P = 0.026), liver cirrhosis (P = 0.003), and no tumor capsule (P = 0.024) subgroups. The underlying mechanisms were further investigated in HCC cell lines by CCL14 overexpression and knock-down in vitro. We found overexpression of CCL14 suppressed proliferation and promoted apoptosis of HCC cells. Finally, the effect was confirmed by animal xenograft tumor models in vivo. The results shown overexpression of CCL14 lead to inhibiting the growth of tumor in nude mice. Interestingly, our data also implied that CCL14 played these effects by inhibiting the activation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway. These findings suggest CCL14 is a novel prognostic factor of HCC and serve as a tumor suppressor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxuan Zhu
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Weiyue Xu
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Chuanyuan Wei
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Jing Huang
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Jietian Xu
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Yuye Zhang
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Jie Chen
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Shuangshuang Dong
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Binbin Liu
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, P.R. China.
| | - Chunmin Liang
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China.
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Tian Y, Guo Y, Zhu P, Zhang D, Liu S, Tang M, Wang Y, Jin Z, Li D, Yan D, Li G, Zhu X. TRIM59 loss in M2 macrophages promotes melanoma migration and invasion by upregulating MMP-9 and Madcam1. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:8623-8641. [PMID: 31600735 PMCID: PMC6814609 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The culture supernatant from macrophages overexpressing TRIM59 has a cytotoxic effect on melanoma, but the mechanism remains unclear. To investigate whether deletion of TRIM59 in macrophages affects the metastatic potential of melanoma cells, we polarized control and TRIM59-deficient bone marrow-derived macrophages to the M2 phenotype and collected the respective conditioned media (CM). Exposure to CM from TRIM59-/--M2 cultures significantly promoted migration and invasion by B16-F0 and B16-F10 cells. Cytokine profiling indicated a ~15-fold increase in TNF-α production in CM from TRIM59-/--M2 cultures, and neutralizing TNF-α activity abrogated the referred stimulatory effects on cell motility. Transcriptome analysis revealed significant upregulation of MMP-9 and Madcam1 in melanoma cells exposed to TRIM59-/--M2 CM. Inhibitory experiments determined that these changes were also TNF-α-dependent and mediated by activation of ERK signaling. Independent knockdown of MMP9 and Madcam1 in B16-F10 cells impeded epithelial-mesenchymal transition and inhibited subcutaneous tumor growth and formation of metastatic lung nodules in vivo. These data suggest TRIM59 expression attenuates the tumor-promoting effect of tumor-associated macrophages, most of which resemble the M2 phenotype. Moreover, they highlight the relevance of TRIM59 in macrophages as a potential regulator of tumor metastasis and suggest TRIM59 could serve as a novel target for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Tian
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Department of Immunology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yantong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Pei Zhu
- Department of Immunology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Dongxu Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shanshan Liu
- Department of Immunology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Mengyan Tang
- Department of Immunology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuanxin Wang
- Department of Immunology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zheng Jin
- Department of Immunology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Immunology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Dongmei Yan
- Department of Immunology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Guiying Li
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xun Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Zhong Y, Li Y, Zhang H. Silencing TBX1 Exerts Suppressive Effects on Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Inflammation of Chronic Rhinosinusitis Through Inhibition of the TGF β-Smad2/3 Signaling Pathway in Mice. Am J Rhinol Allergy 2019; 34:16-25. [PMID: 31422678 DOI: 10.1177/1945892419866543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Background Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a multifactorial inflammatory disease characterized by high prevalence and morbidity, and little is known about the mechanisms that underlie its pathogenesis. Objective This study focuses on the effect of T-box 1 (TBX1) on the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and inflammation of CRS via the transforming growth factor (TGF)β-Smad2/3 signaling pathway. Methods CRS mice models were established by Merocel nasal packing material, followed by the streptococcus pneumoniae cultivation. The expression levels of TBX1 in the sinus mucosa tissues of mice were measured accordingly. The successfully modeled mice were subsequently injected with TBX1 mimic or TBX1 inhibitor and the TGFβ-Smad2/3 signaling pathway inhibitor (SB-431542) to elucidate the influence of TBX1 on EMT and inflammation in CRS, with the expression of the EMT-related factors (E-cadherin, Vimentin, alpha-smooth muscle actin [α-SMA]), Th1 cytokines (interleukin [IL]-2, interferon-γ), and Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-8, total immunoglobulin E) assayed. Results TBX1 expression exhibited upregulated levels in the sinus mucosa tissues of the mice. In addition, TBX1 downregulation was found to inhibit the expression of TGFβ as well as the extent of Smad2 and Smad3 phosphorylation. Silencing TBX1 was shown to elevate the expression of Th1 cytokines and E-cadherin, while diminishing expression of Th2 cytokines, Vimentin and α-SMA. Conclusions Taken together, the key findings of our study highlight the inhibitory role of TBX1 in the process of EMT and inflammation in CRS mice via the inhibition of the TGFβ-Smad2/3 signaling pathway, underlining the promise of TBX1 as a potential target for CRS therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhong
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, P.R. China
| | - Yunqiu Li
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, P.R. China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, P.R. China
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Wei XC, Lv ZH. MicroRNA-132 inhibits migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition via TGFβ1/Smad2 signaling pathway in human bladder cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:5937-5945. [PMID: 31413591 PMCID: PMC6662166 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s201731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aim: Increasing evidence shows that microRNAs play an important regulatory role in the development of several types of cancers. However, the role of microRNA-132 (miR-132) in human bladder cancer (BC) metastasis remains unclear. In this research, we aimed to investigate the effect of miR-132 on the cell migration and relate potential mechanism in BC. Methods: miR-132 expression level was assessed by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) in 32 BC tissues and BC cell lines (T24). The function of miR-132 was evaluated by Transwell assay. Gene expression was determined by using qRT-PCR or Western blot. Results: The results showed that miR-132 had a lower expression in BC tissues than in adjacent normal tissues. At the same time, compared to human normal urethral epithelium cells, the expression level of miR-132 was downregulated in T24 cell lines. miR-132 overexpression significantly inhibited migration and invasion capacities in T24 cells, while downregulation of miR-132 expression strengthened such capacities. Compared with those transfected with miR-132 mimic, EMT-related markers and TGFβ1/Smad2 expression levels were higher in T24 cells transfected with miR-132 inhibitor. Moreover, EMT-related markers and Smad2 expression levels was obviously increased in BC tissues compared to the adjacent normal tissues. The correlation result indicated that the expression of miR-132 and Smad2 was reversed. Conclusion: In short, our results suggest that miR-132 may play a suppressive role in the metastasis of BC cells via TGFβ1/Smad2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chao Wei
- Department of Urology, Jining Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jining 272000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong Hua Lv
- Department of Urology, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining 272011, Shandong, People's Republic of China
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31
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E3 Ubiquitin Ligase TRIM Proteins, Cell Cycle and Mitosis. Cells 2019; 8:cells8050510. [PMID: 31137886 PMCID: PMC6562728 DOI: 10.3390/cells8050510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The cell cycle is a series of events by which cellular components are accurately segregated into daughter cells, principally controlled by the oscillating activities of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) and their co-activators. In eukaryotes, DNA replication is confined to a discrete synthesis phase while chromosome segregation occurs during mitosis. During mitosis, the chromosomes are pulled into each of the two daughter cells by the coordination of spindle microtubules, kinetochores, centromeres, and chromatin. These four functional units tie chromosomes to the microtubules, send signals to the cells when the attachment is completed and the division can proceed, and withstand the force generated by pulling the chromosomes to either daughter cell. Protein ubiquitination is a post-translational modification that plays a central role in cellular homeostasis. E3 ubiquitin ligases mediate the transfer of ubiquitin to substrate proteins determining their fate. One of the largest subfamilies of E3 ubiquitin ligases is the family of the tripartite motif (TRIM) proteins, whose dysregulation is associated with a variety of cellular processes and directly involved in human diseases and cancer. In this review we summarize the current knowledge and emerging concepts about TRIMs and their contribution to the correct regulation of cell cycle, describing how TRIMs control the cell cycle transition phases and their involvement in the different functional units of the mitotic process, along with implications in cancer progression.
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Wang F, Wu D, Chen J, Chen S, He F, Fu H, Wu Q, Liu S, Li X, Wang W. Long non-coding RNA HOXA-AS2 promotes the migration, invasion and stemness of bladder cancer via regulating miR-125b/Smad2 axis. Exp Cell Res 2019; 375:1-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2018.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2018] [Revised: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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33
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Lee HJ. The Role of Tripartite Motif Family Proteins in TGF-β Signaling Pathway and Cancer. J Cancer Prev 2018; 23:162-169. [PMID: 30671398 PMCID: PMC6330992 DOI: 10.15430/jcp.2018.23.4.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
TGF-β signaling plays a tumor suppressive role in normal and premalignant cells but promotes tumor progression during the late stages of tumor development. The TGF-β signaling pathway is tightly regulated at various levels, including transcriptional and post-translational mechanisms. Ubiquitination of signaling components, such as receptors and Smad proteins is one of the key regulatory mechanisms of TGF-β signaling. Tripartite motif (TRIM) family of proteins is a highly conserved group of E3 ubiquitin ligase proteins that have been implicated in a variety of cellular functions, including cell growth, differentiation, immune response, and carcinogenesis. Recent emerging studies have shown that some TRIM family proteins function as important regulators in tumor initiation and progression. This review summarizes current knowledge of TRIM family proteins regulating the TGF-β signaling pathway with relevance to cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho-Jae Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
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34
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Han T, Guo M, Gan M, Yu B, Tian X, Wang JB. TRIM59 regulates autophagy through modulating both the transcription and the ubiquitination of BECN1. Autophagy 2018; 14:2035-2048. [PMID: 30231667 PMCID: PMC6984771 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2018.1491493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Macroautophagy/autophagy is a multistep cellular process that sequesters cytoplasmic components for lysosomal degradation. BECN1/Beclin1 is a central protein that assembles cofactors for the formation of a BECN1-PIK3C3-PIK3R4 complex to trigger the autophagy protein cascade. Discovering the regulators of BECN1 is important for understanding the mechanism of autophagy induction. Here, we demonstrate that TRIM59, a tripartite motif protein, plays an important role in autophagy regulation in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). On the one hand, TRIM59 regulates the transcription of BECN1 through negatively modulating the NFKB pathway. On the other hand, TRIM59 regulates TRAF6 induced K63-linked ubiquitination of BECN1, thus affecting the formation of the BECN1-PIK3C3 complex. We further demonstrate that TRIM59 can mediate K48-linked ubiquitination of TRAF6 and promote the proteasomal degradation of TRAF6. Taken together, our findings reveal novel dual roles for TRIM59 in autophagy regulation by affecting both the transcription and the ubiquitination of BECN1. Abbreviations: ACTB: actin beta; BECN1: beclin 1; CHX: cycloheximide; CQ: chloroquine; GFP: green fluorescent protein; HA: haemagglutinin tag; His: polyhistidine tag; LC3B: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta; NFKB: nuclear factor kappa B; NFKBIA: NFKB inhibitor alpha; NSCLC: non-small cell lung cancer; PIK3C3: phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 3; RELA: RELA proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit; SQSTM1: sequestosome 1; tGFP: Turbo green fluorescent protein; TRAF6: TNF receptor associated factor 6; TRIM59: tripartite motif containing 59; B: ubiquitin
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Han
- a Institute of Translational Medicine , Nanchang University , Nanchang , Jiangxi , China.,b School of Life Sciences , Nanchang University , Nanchang , Jiangxi , China
| | - Meng Guo
- a Institute of Translational Medicine , Nanchang University , Nanchang , Jiangxi , China
| | - Mingxi Gan
- a Institute of Translational Medicine , Nanchang University , Nanchang , Jiangxi , China
| | - Bentong Yu
- c Department of Cardiovascular Surgery , The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University , Nanchang , Jiangxi , China
| | - Xiaoli Tian
- b School of Life Sciences , Nanchang University , Nanchang , Jiangxi , China
| | - Jian-Bin Wang
- a Institute of Translational Medicine , Nanchang University , Nanchang , Jiangxi , China
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Xie L, Chen Z, Liu H, Guan L, Wang Z, Li W. Effects of miR-340 on hepatocellular carcinoma by targeting the DcR3 gene. Dig Liver Dis 2018; 50:291-296. [PMID: 29311025 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2017.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), miR-340 plays a vital role in the regulation of tumor occurrence and deterioration, while DcR3 gene is involved in cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis. This study analyzed miR-340 in the serum of patients with HCC and healthy controls. Then, miR-340, DcR3, TGF-β1 and Smad2 expression were measured in HCC tissues and adjacent parts. Relationship between miR-340 and DcR3 was verified. Effects of miR-340 on human HepG2 cell proliferation and apoptosis were explored. miR-340, DcR3, TGF-β1, Smad2 mRNA and protein expression were also determined after miR-340 transfection. Compared with the control, miR-340 was significantly lower in the serum of the HCC patients (p < 0.01). miR-340 was lower in HCC tissues than in adjacent; however, DcR3, TGF-β1 and Smad2 were higher (p < 0.01). Furthermore, luciferase activity was significantly lower in the cells co-transfected with miR-340 mimics and DcR3-3'UTR-WT (p < 0.01), indicating that DcR3 was a target gene of miR-340. Moreover, decreased expression in DcR3, TGF-β1 and Smad2 was detected after miR-340 overexpression (p < 0.01), thus promoting apoptosis and blocking the proliferation of human HepG2 cells (p < 0.05). Furthermore, overexpression of DcR3 could activate the TGF-β1/Smad2 signal transduction pathway and increase the phosphorylation of Smad2. In conclusion, miR-340 plays a suppressive role in HCC development by targeting DcR3 and silencing the TGF-β1/Smad2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Xie
- Department of Vascular Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongyu Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lianyue Guan
- Department of Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhanpeng Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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Han ZJ, Feng YH, Gu BH, Li YM, Chen H. The post-translational modification, SUMOylation, and cancer (Review). Int J Oncol 2018; 52:1081-1094. [PMID: 29484374 PMCID: PMC5843405 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
SUMOylation is a reversible post-translational modification which has emerged as a crucial molecular regulatory mechanism, involved in the regulation of DNA damage repair, immune responses, carcinogenesis, cell cycle progression and apoptosis. Four SUMO isoforms have been identified, which are SUMO1, SUMO2/3 and SUMO4. The small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) pathway is conserved in all eukaryotes and plays pivotal roles in the regulation of gene expression, cellular signaling and the maintenance of genomic integrity. The SUMO catalytic cycle includes maturation, activation, conjugation, ligation and de-modification. The dysregulation of the SUMO system is associated with a number of diseases, particularly cancer. SUMOylation is widely involved in carcinogenesis, DNA damage response, cancer cell proliferation, metastasis and apoptosis. SUMO can be used as a potential therapeutic target for cancer. In this review, we briefly outline the basic concepts of the SUMO system and summarize the involvement of SUMO proteins in cancer cells in order to better understand the role of SUMO in human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Jian Han
- Key Laboratory of the Digestive System Tumors of Gansu Province, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Hu Feng
- Key Laboratory of the Digestive System Tumors of Gansu Province, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, P.R. China
| | - Bao-Hong Gu
- Department of General Surgery, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Min Li
- Department of General Surgery, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, P.R. China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, P.R. China
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Embryonic lethality in mice lacking Trim59 due to impaired gastrulation development. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:302. [PMID: 29467473 PMCID: PMC5833458 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0370-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Revised: 01/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
TRIM family members have been implicated in a variety of biological processes such as differentiation and development. We here found that Trim59 plays a critical role in early embryo development from blastocyst stage to gastrula. There existed delayed development and empty yolk sacs from embryonic day (E) 8.5 in Trim59−/− embryos. No viable Trim59−/− embryos were observed beyond E9.5. Trim59 deficiency affected primary germ layer formation at the beginning of gastrulation. At E6.5 and E7.5, the expression of primary germ layer formation-associated genes including Brachyury, lefty2, Cer1, Otx2, Wnt3, and BMP4 was reduced in Trim59−/− embryos. Homozygous mutant embryonic epiblasts were contracted and the mesoderm was absent. Trim59 could interact with actin- and myosin-associated proteins. Its deficiency disturbed F-actin polymerization during inner cell mass differentiation. Trim59-mediated polymerization of F-actin was via WASH K63-linked ubiquitination. Thus, Trim59 may be a critical regulator for early embryo development from blastocyst stage to gastrula through modulating F-actin assembly.
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Chruścik A, Gopalan V, Lam AKY. The clinical and biological roles of transforming growth factor beta in colon cancer stem cells: A systematic review. Eur J Cell Biol 2017; 97:15-22. [PMID: 29128131 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) is a multipurpose cytokine, which plays a role in many cellular functions such as proliferation, differentiation, migration, apoptosis, cell adhesion and regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition. Despite many studies having observed the effect that TGF-β plays in colorectal cancer, its role in the colorectal stem cell population has not been widely observed. METHOD This systematic review will analyse the role of TGF-β in the stem cell population of colorectal cancer. RESULTS The effects on the stem cell phenotype are through the downstream proteins involved in activation of the TGF-β pathway. Its involvement in the initiation of the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), the effect of colorectal invasion and metastasis regulated through the Smad protein involvement in the EMT, initiation of angiogenesis, promotion of metastasis of colorectal cancer to the liver and its ability to cross-talk with other pathways. CONCLUSION TGF-β is a key player in angiogenesis, tumour growth and metastasis in colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Chruścik
- Cancer Molecular Pathology, School of Medicine and Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Vinod Gopalan
- Cancer Molecular Pathology, School of Medicine and Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Alfred King-Yin Lam
- Cancer Molecular Pathology, School of Medicine and Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia.
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