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Maio G, Smith M, Bhawal R, Zhang S, Baskin JM, Li J, Lin H. Interactome Analysis Identifies the Role of BZW2 in Promoting Endoplasmic Reticulum-Mitochondria Contact and Mitochondrial Metabolism. Mol Cell Proteomics 2024; 23:100709. [PMID: 38154691 PMCID: PMC10835002 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2023.100709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the molecular functions of less-studied proteins is an important task of life science research. Despite reports of basic leucine zipper and W2 domain-containing protein 2 (BZW2) promoting cancer progression first emerging in 2017, little is known about its molecular function. Using a quantitative proteomic approach to identify its interacting proteins, we found that BZW2 interacts with both endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondrial proteins. We thus hypothesized that BZW2 localizes to and promotes the formation of ER-mitochondria contact sites and that such localization would promote calcium transport from ER to the mitochondria and promote ATP production. Indeed, we found that BZW2 localized to ER-mitochondria contact sites and that BZW2 knockdown decreased ER-mitochondria contact, mitochondrial calcium levels, and ATP production. These findings provide key insights into molecular functions of BZW2, the potential role of BZW2 in cancer progression, and highlight the utility of interactome data in understanding the function of less-studied proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Maio
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Mike Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Ruchika Bhawal
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Jeremy M Baskin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA; Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Jenny Li
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Hening Lin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA; Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA.
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Lu C, Zhang S, Lei SS, Wang D, Peng B, Shi R, Chong CM, Zhong Z, Wang Y. A comprehensive review of the classical prescription Yiguan Jian: Phytochemistry, quality control, clinical applications, pharmacology, and safety profile. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117230. [PMID: 37778517 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Yiguan Jian (YGJ) is a classical prescription, which employs 6 kinds of medicinal herbs including Rehmanniae Radix, Lycii Fructus, Angelicae sinensis Radix, Glehniae Radix, Ophiopogonis Radix, and Toosendan Fructus. YGJ decoction is originally prescribed in Qing Dynasty (1636 CE ∼ 1912 CE) in China, and is commonly used to treat liver diseases. There remain abundant literature investigating YGJ decoction from multiple aspects, but few reviews summarized the research and gave a precise definition, which impedes further applications and commercialization of YGJ decoction. AIM OF THE REVIEW The aim of this review is to provide comprehensive descriptions of YGJ decoction, tackling with issues in the research and development of YGJ decoction. MATERIALS AND METHODS The literature and clinical reports were obtained from the databases including Web of Science, Science Direct, PubMed, Google Scholar, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Science Periodical Database, China Science and Technology Journal Database, and SinoMed since 2000. The phytochemical characteristics, quality control, pharmaceutical forms, clinical position, pharmacological effects, and toxic events of YGJ decoction were included for analysis. RESULT This review firstly summarized the progress of the chemical existences of YGJ decoction and discussed the advanced methods in monitoring quality of YGJ decoction and its herbal ingredients, particularly in the form of granules. Whilst this review aims to identify the pharmacological actions and clinical impacts of YGJ decoction, the medicinal materials that could provide these benefits were observed in the remaining herbs to exert the anti-fibrotic effects, anti-inflammatory activities, anti-cancer, and anti-diabetic effects, and to universally treat liver and gastric diseases. This review provided supplementary descriptions on the safety issues, especially in Glehniae Radix and Toosendan Fructus, to define the alterations between hepatoprotective activities and unclear toxics in YGJ decoction application. CONCLUSIONS Our comprehensively organized review discussed the chemical characteristics and the research in altering or identifying these essences. The effects of YGJ decoction on the non-clinical and clinical tests exert the good management of sophisticated diseases. In this review, current issues are discussed to inform and inspire subsequent research of YGJ decoction and other classical prescriptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changcheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China; Macao Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Siyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China; Macao Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Si San Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China; Macao Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Danni Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Bo Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China; Macao Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Ruipeng Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China; Macao Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Cheong-Meng Chong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China.
| | - Zhangfeng Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China; Macao Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China.
| | - Yitao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China; Macao Centre for Research and Development in Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China.
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3
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Liu K, Cao Z, Huang S, Kong F. Mechanism underlying the effect of Pulsatilla decoction in hepatocellular carcinoma treatment: a network pharmacology and in vitro analysis. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:405. [PMID: 37950195 PMCID: PMC10636957 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04244-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is associated with a poor prognosis. Moreover, there exist limited strategies for treating HCC. Pulsatilla decoction (PD), a traditional Chinese medicine formula, has been used to treat inflammatory bowel disease and several cancer types. Accordingly, we explored the mechanism of PD in HCC treatment via network pharmacology and in vitro experiments. METHODS Online databases were searched for gene data, active components, and potential target genes associated with HCC development. Subsequently, bioinformatics analysis was performed using protein-protein interaction and Network Construction and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) to screen for potential anticancer components and therapeutic targets of PD. Finally, the effect of PD on HCC was further verified by in vitro experiments. RESULTS Network pharmacological analysis revealed that 65 compounds and 180 possible target genes were associated with the effect of PD on HCC. These included PI3K, AKT, NF-κB, FOS, and NFKBIA. KEGG analysis demonstrated that PD exerted its effect on HCC mainly via the PI3K-AKT, IL-17, and TNF signaling pathways. Cell viability and cell cycle experiments revealed that PD could significantly inhibit cancer cell proliferation and kill HCC cells by inducing apoptosis. Furthermore, western blotting confirmed that apoptosis was mediated primarily via the PI3K-AKT, IL-17, and TNF signaling pathways. CONCLUSION To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to elucidate the molecular mechanism and potential targets of PD in the treatment of HCC using network pharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuijie Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhenyu Cao
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Siqi Huang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Fanhua Kong
- Institute of Hepatobiliary Diseases of Wuhan University, Transplant Center of Wuhan University, National Quality Control Center for Donated Organ Procurement, Hubei Key Laboratory of Medical Technology on Transplantation, Hubei Clinical Research Center for Natural Polymer Biological Liver, Hubei Engineering Center of Natural Polymer-based Medical Materials, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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Han JH, Lee EJ, Park W, Ha KT, Chung HS. Natural compounds as lactate dehydrogenase inhibitors: potential therapeutics for lactate dehydrogenase inhibitors-related diseases. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1275000. [PMID: 37915411 PMCID: PMC10616500 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1275000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) is a crucial enzyme involved in energy metabolism and present in various cells throughout the body. Its diverse physiological functions encompass glycolysis, and its abnormal activity is associated with numerous diseases. Targeting LDH has emerged as a vital approach in drug discovery, leading to the identification of LDH inhibitors among natural compounds, such as polyphenols, alkaloids, and terpenoids. These compounds demonstrate therapeutic potential against LDH-related diseases, including anti-cancer effects. However, challenges concerning limited bioavailability, poor solubility, and potential toxicity must be addressed. Combining natural compounds with LDH inhibitors has led to promising outcomes in preclinical studies. This review highlights the promise of natural compounds as LDH inhibitors for treating cancer, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Ho Han
- Korean Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ji Lee
- Korean Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonyoung Park
- Korean Convergence Medical Science Major, KIOM Campus, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Tae Ha
- Korean Convergence Medical Science Major, KIOM Campus, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwan-Suck Chung
- Korean Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
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5
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Gao X, He D, Liu Y, Cui M, Li Z, Li J, He Y, Wang H, Ye B, Fu S, Liu D. Oral administration of Limonin (LM) exerts neuroprotective effects by inhibiting neuron autophagy and microglial activation in 6-OHDA-injected rats. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 123:110739. [PMID: 37536186 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that occurs most frequently in middle-aged and elderly people. It is characterized by an insidious onset and a complex etiology, and no effective treatment has been developed. The primary characteristic of PD is the degenerative death of midbrain dopaminergic neurons. The excessive autophagy of neurons and hyperactivation of microglia were shown to be involved in the apoptosis of dopaminergic neurons. Limonin (LM), a type of pure natural compound present in grapefruit or citrus fruits (e. g., lemon, orange) has been reported to inhibit apoptosis and inflammation. However, its role and mechanism of action in PD are unclear. In this study, we explored the effect and mechanism of action of LM in PD. In vivo experiments revealed that LM ameliorated 6-OHDA-induced reduced motor activity and PD-related pathological damage in rats. In vitro experiments revealed that LM inhibited the 6-OHDA-induced apoptosis of PC12 cells by inhibiting the excessive autophagy of neurons. In addition, LM inhibited microglial inflammation by activating the AKT/Nrf-2/HO-1 pathway and protected neurons against microglial inflammation-mediated neurotoxicity. In conclusion, the findings of this experiment demonstrated that LM exerted neuroprotective effects by inhibiting neuronal autophagy-mediated apoptosis and microglial activation in 6-OHDA-injected rats, thus indicating that LM can serve as a candidate for PD by targeting neuroinflammation and neuronal autophagy to inhibit neuronal apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyu Gao
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Dewei He
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Yanting Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Mingchi Cui
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Zhe Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Jie Li
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Yuan He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Hefei Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Bojian Ye
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Shoupeng Fu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Dianfeng Liu
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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Phucharoenrak P, Muangnoi C, Trachootham D. Metabolomic Analysis of Phytochemical Compounds from Ethanolic Extract of Lime (Citrus aurantifolia) Peel and Its Anti-Cancer Effects against Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28072965. [PMID: 37049726 PMCID: PMC10095956 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28072965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Lime peels are food waste from lime product manufacturing. We previously developed and optimized a green extraction method for hesperidin-limonin-rich lime peel extract. This study aimed to identify the metabolomics profile of phytochemicals and the anti-cancer effects of ethanolic extract of lime (Citrus aurantifolia) peel against liver cancer cells PLC/PRF/5. The extract’s metabolomics profile was analyzed by using LC-qTOF/MS and GC-HRMS. The anti-cancer effects were studied by using MTT assay, Annexin-PI assay, and Transwell-invasion assay. Results show that the average IC50(s) of hesperidin, limonin, and the extract on cancer cells’ viability were 165.615, 188.073, and 503.004 µg/mL, respectively. At the IC50 levels, the extract induced more apoptosis than those of pure compounds when incubating for 24 and 48 h (p < 0.0001). A combination of limonin and hesperidin showed a synergistic effect on apoptosis induction (p < 0.001), but the effect of the combination was still less than that of the extract at 48 h. Furthermore, the extract significantly inhibited cancer cell invasion better than limonin but equal to hesperidin. At the IC50 level, the extract contains many folds lower amounts of hesperidin and limonin than the IC50 doses of the pure compounds. Besides limonin and hesperidin, there were another 60 and 22 compounds detected from the LCMS and GCMS analyses, respectively. Taken altogether, the superior effect of the ethanolic extract against liver cancer cells compared to pure compound likely results from the combinatorial effects of limonin, hesperidin, and other phytochemical components in the extract.
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Aslam M, Augustine S, Ann Mathew A, Kanthlal SK, Panonummal R. Apoptosis promoting activity of selected plant steroid in MRMT-1 breast cancer cell line by modulating mitochondrial permeation pathway. Steroids 2023; 190:109151. [PMID: 36455654 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2022.109151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Escape from apoptosis is one of the main demeanor characteristics of cancer cells. Mitochondria are key players in initiating and regulating the intrinsic apoptosis pathway. Hexokinase2 (HK2) is ubiquitously expressed in several cancer cells and is essential for cell survival and death. The binding of HK2 to mitochondria promotes cell proliferation, while AKT-1 mediated pathway is crucial in this process. Peimine, a steroidal alkaloid derived from plant steroids, is screened for docking properties, ADMET properties, and drug-likeness. Apoptosis targets are predicted by network pharmacology using 47 genes associated with apoptosis. According to in silico study, peimine has the potential for dual Targeting on HK2 and AKT1. For further confirmation, peimine was subjected to Cell culture studies using MRMT-1 rat breast cancer cells. The elevated levels of cytochrome c and Caspase 9 activity indicate that the intrinsic apoptosis pathway causes cell death. The decreased glucose uptake by the MRMT-1 cells indicates that pimine inhibits glucose transport by inhibiting the membrane HK2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammed Aslam
- Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Institute of Medical & Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi 682041, India
| | - Sanu Augustine
- Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Institute of Medical & Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi 682041, India
| | - Aparna Ann Mathew
- Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Institute of Medical & Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi 682041, India
| | - S K Kanthlal
- Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Institute of Medical & Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi 682041, India.
| | - Rajitha Panonummal
- Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Institute of Medical & Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi 682041, India.
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Lemeshko VV. Apparent "mild depolarization of the inner mitochondrial membrane" as a result of a possible generation of the outer membrane potential. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOMEMBRANES 2022; 1864:184032. [PMID: 35985076 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2022.184032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Recently reported kinase-linked mild depolarization of mitochondria, which prevents the generation of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and disappears in various organs of the old mice, has been assumed to represent a crucial component of the mitochondrial anti-aging program. To measure mitochondrial inner membrane potential (IMP), the authors used fluorescent probe safranin O+. It is widely accepted that the accumulation of such cationic probes in the mitochondrial matrix depends exclusively on IMP, thus completely ignoring the possibility of the outer membrane potential (OMP) generation. However, computational analysis performed in the presented work suggests that the kinase-linked generation of the positive OMP might take place under the described conditions, because the measured potential includes the algebraic sum of both IMP and OMP. Alternatively to the suggested mild depolarization of mitochondria, the reported experimental data might reflect mainly a change of the positive OMP generated by the VDAC-kinase complexes. We also demonstrate that the reported in the literature mitochondrial hyperpolarization induced by erastin (known to prevent VDAC-tubulin interactions) and the depolarization caused by the mitochondrial VDAC knockdowns in the cancer cells might actually represent a decrease or increase, respectively, of the magnitude of the kinase-linked positive OMP. This is consistent with our hypothesis that VDAC voltage gating by the kinase-linked metabolically-dependent OMP plays a very important physiological role in regulating the cell energy metabolism under normal and pathological conditions, in the maintenance of the cell death resistance and even in the genetic aging program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor V Lemeshko
- Escuela de Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Medellín, Carrera 65, Nro. 59A - 110, Medellín, Colombia.
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9
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Cui Y, Li C, Sang F, Cao W, Qin Z, Zhang P. Natural products targeting glycolytic signaling pathways-an updated review on anti-cancer therapy. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1035882. [PMID: 36339566 PMCID: PMC9631946 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1035882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycolysis is a complex metabolic process that occurs to convert glucose into pyruvate to produce energy for living cells. Normal cells oxidized pyruvate into adenosine triphosphate and carbon dioxide in the presence of oxygen in mitochondria while cancer cells preferentially metabolize pyruvate to lactate even in the presence of oxygen in order to maintain a slightly acidic micro-environment of PH 6.5 and 6.9, which is beneficial for cancer cell growth and metastasis. Therefore targeting glycolytic signaling pathways provided new strategy for anti-cancer therapy. Natural products are important sources for the treatment of diseases with a variety of pharmacologic activities. Accumulated studies suggested that natural products exhibited remarkable anti-cancer properties both in vitro and in vivo. Plenty of studies suggested natural products like flavonoids, terpenoids and quinones played anti-cancer properties via inhibiting glucose metabolism targets in glycolytic pathways. This study provided an updated overview of natural products controlling glycolytic pathways, which also provide insight into druggable mediators discovery targeting cancer glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Cui
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Chuang Li
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Feng Sang
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Weiling Cao
- Department of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Luohu People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- *Correspondence: Weiling Cao, ; Zhuo Qin, ; Peng Zhang,
| | - Zhuo Qin
- Department of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Luohu People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- *Correspondence: Weiling Cao, ; Zhuo Qin, ; Peng Zhang,
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Luohu People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- *Correspondence: Weiling Cao, ; Zhuo Qin, ; Peng Zhang,
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10
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Ren C, Li X, Bai Y, Schroyen M, Zhang D. Phosphorylation and acetylation of glycolytic enzymes cooperatively regulate their activity and lamb meat quality. Food Chem 2022; 397:133739. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Exploiting the Metabolic Consequences of PTEN Loss and Akt/Hexokinase 2 Hyperactivation in Prostate Cancer: A New Role for δ-Tocotrienol. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23095269. [PMID: 35563663 PMCID: PMC9103956 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23095269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The Warburg effect is commonly recognized as a hallmark of nearly all tumors. In prostate cancer (PCa), it has been shown to be driven by PTEN loss- and Akt hyperactivation-associated upregulation of hexokinase 2 (HK2). δ-Tocotrienol (δ-TT) is an extensively studied antitumor compound; however, its role in affecting PCa glycolysis is still unclear. Herein, we demonstrated that δ-TT inhibits glucose uptake and lactate production in PTEN-deficient LNCaP and PC3 PCa cells, by specifically decreasing HK2 expression. Notably, this was accompanied by the inhibition of the Akt pathway. Moreover, the nutraceutical could synergize with the well-known hypoglycemic agent metformin in inducing PCa cell death, highlighting the crucial role of the above metabolic phenotype in δ-TT-mediated cytotoxicity. Collectively, these results unravel novel inhibitory effects of δ-TT on glycolytic reprogramming in PCa, thus providing new perspectives into the mechanisms of its antitumor activity and into its use in combination therapy.
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12
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Kooshki L, Mahdavi P, Fakhri S, Akkol EK, Khan H. Targeting lactate metabolism and glycolytic pathways in the tumor microenvironment by natural products: A promising strategy in combating cancer. Biofactors 2022; 48:359-383. [PMID: 34724274 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Anticancer drugs are not purely effective because of their toxicity, side effects, high cost, inaccessibility, and associated resistance. On the other hand, cancer is a complex public health problem that could intelligently adopt different signaling pathways and alter the body's metabolism to escape from the immune system. One of the cancer strategies to metastasize is modifying pH in the tumor microenvironment, ranging between 6.5 and 6.9. As a powerful determiner, lactate is responsible for this acidosis. It is involved in immune stimulation, including innate and adaptive immunity, apoptotic-related factors (Bax/Bcl-2, caspase), and glycolysis pathways (e.g., GLUT-1, PKM2, PFK, HK2, MCT-1, and LDH). Lactate metabolism, in turn, is interconnected with several dysregulated signaling mediators, including PI3K/Akt/mTOR, AMPK, NF-κB, Nrf2, JAK/STAT, and HIF-1α. Because of lactate's emerging and critical role, targeting lactate production and its transporters is important for preventing and managing tumorigenesis. Hence, exploring and developing novel promising anticancer agents to minimize human cancers is urgent. Based on numerous studies, natural secondary metabolites as multi-target alternative compounds with health-promoting properties possess more high effectiveness and low side effects than conventional agents. Besides, the mechanism of multi-targeted natural sources is related to lactate production and cancer-associated cross-talked factors. This review focuses on targeting the lactate metabolism/transporters, and lactate-associated mediators, including glycolytic pathways. Besides, interconnected mediators to lactate metabolism are also targeted by natural products. Accordingly, plant-derived secondary metabolites are introduced as alternative therapies in combating cancer through modulating lactate metabolism and glycolytic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Kooshki
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- USERN Office, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Parisa Mahdavi
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Sajad Fakhri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Esra Küpeli Akkol
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
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The anti-MDR efficacy of YAN against A549/Taxol cells is associated with its inhibition on glycolysis and is further enhanced by 2-deoxy-D-glucose. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 354:109843. [PMID: 35122754 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.109843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Aerobic glycolysis is a hallmark of malignant tumor. Here, the hyperactive glycolysis in multidrug-resistant A549/Taxol cells was demonstrated to be essential for maintaining the vigorous cell viability and drug resistance. 5-(4-ethoxyphenyl)-1-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-amine (YAN), a newly synthesized tubulin inhibitor, could not only inhibit the glycolysis in A549 and A549/Taxol cells through down-regulating the glycolysis-related proteins, but also disrupt the mitochondrial localization of hexokinase-2 (HK-2) which is related with the apoptosis resistance. The effects of YAN above were relevant to the down-regulation of PI3K-Akt-c-Myc/HIF-1α pathway. Moreover, YAN induced the reactive oxygen species generation in A549 and A549/Taxol cells, which only mediated the apoptosis in A549 cells. We also showed that 2-DG, the glycolysis inhibitor, synergistically enhanced YAN-triggered apoptosis in A549/Taxol cells via further suppressing glycolysis and reducing mitotic slippage. Collectively, we illustrate the inhibition effect of YAN on the glycolysis in A549 and A549/Taxol cells, and provide a fresh insight into the mechanism for the development of YAN as a candidate for multidrug resistant cancer treatment. The finding that 2-DG improved the anti-tumor efficacy of YAN against A549/Taxol cells, offers a reference for solving mitotic slippage-mediated drug resistance.
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Phucharoenrak P, Muangnoi C, Trachootham D. A Green Extraction Method to Achieve the Highest Yield of Limonin and Hesperidin from Lime Peel Powder ( Citrus aurantifolia). MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27030820. [PMID: 35164083 PMCID: PMC8840237 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Green extraction is aimed at reducing energy consumption by using renewable plant sources and environmentally friendly bio-solvents. Lime (Citrus aurantifolia) is a rich source of flavonoids (e.g., hesperidin) and limonoids (e.g., limonin). Manufacturing of lime products (e.g., lime juice) yields a considerable amount of lime peel as food waste that should be comprehensively exploited. The aim of this study was to develop a green and simple extraction method to acquire the highest yield of both limonin and hesperidin from the lime peel. The study method included ethanolic-aqueous extraction and variable factors, i.e., ethanol concentrations, pH values of solvent, and extraction temperature. The response surface methodology was used to optimize extraction conditions. The concentrations of limonin and hesperidin were determined by using UHPLC-MS/MS. Results showed that the yields of limonin and hesperidin significantly depended on ethanol concentrations and extraction temperature, while pH value had the least effect. The optimal extraction condition with the highest amounts of limonin and hesperidin was 80% ethanol at pH 7, 50 °C, which yields 2.072 and 3.353 mg/g of limonin and hesperidin, respectively. This study illustrates a green extraction process using food waste, e.g., lime peel, as an energy-saving source and ethanol as a bio-solvent to achieve the highest amount of double bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pakkapong Phucharoenrak
- Master of Science Program in Toxicology and Nutrition for Food Safety, Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand;
| | | | - Dunyaporn Trachootham
- Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand;
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +66-02-800-2380 (ext. 326)
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15
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Huang X, Lv M, Ma Q, Zhang Y, Xu H. High Value-Added Application of Natural Products in Crop Protection: Semisynthesis and Acaricidal Activity of Limonoid-Type Derivatives and Investigation of Their Biocompatible O/W Nanoemulsions as Agronanopesticide Candidates. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:14488-14500. [PMID: 34842424 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c05450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The increasingly serious resistance of Tetranychus cinnabarinus Boisduval to a wide range of insecticides/acaricides poses a major challenge to their control. The citrus processing industry generates a huge quantity of various wastes that contain many limonoids. To effectively utilize these byproducts and discover more potent green acaricidal molecules as sustainable alternatives for traditional resistant pesticides, various limonoid-type derivatives (halogenated/seven-membered lactam derivatives of obacunone and halogenated/oxime esters/oxime ethers/seven-membered lactam derivatives of limonin) were synthesized based on a diversity-oriented synthetic strategy. The key steric configurations of 10 derivatives were further confirmed by X-ray crystallography. Compound 9m, which displayed greater than 9.7-fold potent acaricidal activity of limonin, was of preeminence. In addition, some interesting structure-activity relationships were observed. Moreover, a biocompatible O/W nanoemulsion delivery system was used to prepare the limonin-based agronanoacaricide, which exhibited pronounced control efficiency against T. cinnabarinus Boisduval in the greenhouse. This systematic investigation will provide valuable information and guidance for future value-added applications of novel eco-friendly natural product-based nanopesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Huang
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Min Lv
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qianjun Ma
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hui Xu
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China
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16
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Regulation of Glycolysis in Head and Neck Cancer. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1280:219-230. [PMID: 33791985 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-51652-9_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) glycolysis is an important factor for the advancement of the disease and metastasis. Upregulation of glycolysis leads to decreased sensitivity to chemotherapy and radiation. HNSCC cells maintain constitutive glycolytic flux generating metabolic intermediates for the synthesis of amino acids, nucleotides, and fats for cell survival and disease progression. There are several pathways such as PI3K/Akt, EGFR, and JAK-STAT that contribute a major role in metabolic alteration in HNSCC. Recent studies have demonstrated that cancer-associated fibroblasts abundant in the HNSCC tumor microenvironment play a major role in HNSCC metabolic alteration via hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/c-Met cross signaling. Despite therapeutic advancement, HNSCC lacks broad range of therapeutic interventions for the treatment of the disease. Thus, understanding the different key players involved in glucose metabolism and targeting them would lead to the development of novel drugs for the treatment of HNSCC.
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17
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Chen Y, Liang J, Liang X, Chen J, Wang Y, Cao J, Sun C, Ye J, Chen Q. Limonin induces apoptosis of HL-60 cells by inhibiting NQO1 activity. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:1860-1869. [PMID: 33841805 PMCID: PMC8020947 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Limonin is an important bioactive substance in citrus fruits, especially in seeds, which has great potential in cancer prevention and treatment. In order to explore the anticancer activity based on interaction between limonin and NQO1, Human promyelocytic leukemia cells (HL-60) were studied in vitro. We found that limonin could inhibit proliferation and promote apoptosis of HL-60 cells, and the effect was positively correlated with its dosage. Western blot results showed that limonin could activate the endogenous apoptosis pathway mediated by mitochondria via up-regulating pro-apoptotic proteins (Bax, cytochrome c, Caspase3, and Caspase9) and down-regulating anti-apoptotic proteins (Bcl-2), thus inhibiting the proliferation of HL-60 cells and promoting apoptosis, which further proved the anticancer activity of limonin from the molecular mechanism. At the same time, limonin down-regulated the expression of NQO1, indicating that limonin may indirectly act on the apoptosis pathway by regulating the expression activity of antioxidant enzymes in vivo, thus exerting its inhibitory effect on tumor cells, which provides an idea for the molecular mechanism that natural products can indirectly exert their anticancer effect by regulating the activity of antioxidant enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyi Chen
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality ImprovementZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Jiaojiao Liang
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality ImprovementZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Xiao Liang
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality ImprovementZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Jiebiao Chen
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality ImprovementZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Yue Wang
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality ImprovementZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Jinping Cao
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality ImprovementZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Chongde Sun
- Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/The State Agriculture Ministry Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Quality ImprovementZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Jiaming Ye
- Zanyu TechnologyQingshan Lake Science and Technology CityHangzhouChina
| | - Qingjun Chen
- Zanyu TechnologyQingshan Lake Science and Technology CityHangzhouChina
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18
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Guo C, Gao C, Lv X, Zhao D, Greenaway FT, Hao L, Tian Y, Liu S, Sun M. CRKL promotes hepatocarcinoma through enhancing glucose metabolism of cancer cells via activating PI3K/Akt. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:2714-2724. [PMID: 33523562 PMCID: PMC7933966 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal glucose metabolism may contribute to cancer progression. As a member of the CRK (v-crk sarcoma virus CT10 oncogene homologue) adapter protein family, CRKL (CRK-like) associated with the development and progression of various tumours. However, the exact role and underlying mechanism of CRKL on energy metabolism remain unknown. In this study, we investigated the effect of CRKL on glucose metabolism of hepatocarcinoma cells. CRKL and PI3K were found to be overexpressed in both hepatocarcinoma cells and tissues; meanwhile, CRKL up-regulation was positively correlated with PI3K up-regulation. Functional investigations revealed that CRKL overexpression promoted glucose uptake, lactate production and glycogen synthesis of hepatocarcinoma cells by up-regulating glucose transporters 1 (GLUT1), hexokinase II (HKII) expression and down-regulating glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) expression. Mechanistically, CRKL promoted glucose metabolism of hepatocarcinoma cells via enhancing the CRKL-PI3K/Akt-GLUT1/HKII-glucose uptake, CRKL-PI3K/Akt-HKII-glucose-lactate production and CRKL-PI3K/Akt-Gsk3β-glycogen synthesis. We demonstrate CRKL facilitates HCC malignancy via enhancing glucose uptake, lactate production and glycogen synthesis through PI3K/Akt pathway. It provides interesting fundamental clues to CRKL-related carcinogenesis through glucose metabolism and offers novel therapeutic strategies for hepatocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunmei Guo
- Department of BiotechnologyCollege of Basic Medical SciencesDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Chao Gao
- Department of BiotechnologyCollege of Basic Medical SciencesDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
- Present address:
College of Medical Laboratory Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University (Daqing)DaqingChina
| | - Xinxin Lv
- Department of BiotechnologyCollege of Basic Medical SciencesDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Dongting Zhao
- Department of BiotechnologyCollege of Basic Medical SciencesDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | | | - Lihong Hao
- Department of Histology and EmbryologyCollege of Basic Medical SciencesDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Yuxiang Tian
- Department of BiochemistryCollege of Basic Medical SciencesDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Shuqing Liu
- Department of BiochemistryCollege of Basic Medical SciencesDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
| | - Ming‐Zhong Sun
- Department of BiotechnologyCollege of Basic Medical SciencesDalian Medical UniversityDalianChina
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19
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Ren Y, Kinghorn AD. Development of Potential Antitumor Agents from the Scaffolds of Plant-Derived Terpenoid Lactones. J Med Chem 2020; 63:15410-15448. [PMID: 33289552 PMCID: PMC7812702 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Naturally occurring terpenoid lactones and their synthetic derivatives have attracted increasing interest for their promising antitumor activity and potential utilization in the discovery and design of new antitumor agents. In the present perspective article, selected plant-derived five-membered γ-lactones and six-membered δ-lactones that occur with terpenoid scaffolds are reviewed, with their structures, cancer cell line cytotoxicity and in vivo antitumor activity, structure-activity relationships, mechanism of action, and the potential for developing cancer chemotherapeutic agents discussed in each case. The compounds presented include artemisinin (ART, 1), parthenolide (PTL, 2), thapsigargin (TPG, 3), andrographolide (AGL, 4), ginkgolide B (GKL B, 5), jolkinolide B (JKL B, 6), nagilactone E (NGL E, 7), triptolide (TPL, 8), bruceantin (BRC, 9), dichapetalin A (DCT A, 10), and limonin (LMN, 11), and their naturally occurring analogues and synthetic derivatives. It is hoped that this contribution will be supportive of the future development of additional efficacious anticancer agents derived from natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Ren
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - A. Douglas Kinghorn
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
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20
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Shi YS, Zhang Y, Li HT, Wu CH, El-Seedi HR, Ye WK, Wang ZW, Li CB, Zhang XF, Kai GY. Limonoids from Citrus: Chemistry, anti-tumor potential, and other bioactivities. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.104213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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21
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Samec M, Liskova A, Koklesova L, Samuel SM, Zhai K, Buhrmann C, Varghese E, Abotaleb M, Qaradakhi T, Zulli A, Kello M, Mojzis J, Zubor P, Kwon TK, Shakibaei M, Büsselberg D, Sarria GR, Golubnitschaja O, Kubatka P. Flavonoids against the Warburg phenotype-concepts of predictive, preventive and personalised medicine to cut the Gordian knot of cancer cell metabolism. EPMA J 2020; 11:377-398. [PMID: 32843908 PMCID: PMC7429635 DOI: 10.1007/s13167-020-00217-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The Warburg effect is characterised by increased glucose uptake and lactate secretion in cancer cells resulting from metabolic transformation in tumour tissue. The corresponding molecular pathways switch from oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis, due to changes in glucose degradation mechanisms known as the 'Warburg reprogramming' of cancer cells. Key glycolytic enzymes, glucose transporters and transcription factors involved in the Warburg transformation are frequently dysregulated during carcinogenesis considered as promising diagnostic and prognostic markers as well as treatment targets. Flavonoids are molecules with pleiotropic activities. The metabolism-regulating anticancer effects of flavonoids are broadly demonstrated in preclinical studies. Flavonoids modulate key pathways involved in the Warburg phenotype including but not limited to PKM2, HK2, GLUT1 and HIF-1. The corresponding molecular mechanisms and clinical relevance of 'anti-Warburg' effects of flavonoids are discussed in this review article. The most prominent examples are provided for the potential application of targeted 'anti-Warburg' measures in cancer management. Individualised profiling and patient stratification are presented as powerful tools for implementing targeted 'anti-Warburg' measures in the context of predictive, preventive and personalised medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Samec
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Alena Liskova
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Lenka Koklesova
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Samson Mathews Samuel
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine in Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Kevin Zhai
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine in Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Constanze Buhrmann
- Musculoskeletal Research Group and Tumour Biology, Chair of Vegetative Anatomy, Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Elizabeth Varghese
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine in Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mariam Abotaleb
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine in Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Tawar Qaradakhi
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3011 Australia
| | - Anthony Zulli
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3011 Australia
| | - Martin Kello
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, P. J. Šafarik University, 040 11 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Jan Mojzis
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, P. J. Šafarik University, 040 11 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Pavol Zubor
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, 0379 Oslo, Norway
- OBGY Health & Care, Ltd., 01001 Zilina, Slovak Republic
| | - Taeg Kyu Kwon
- Department of Immunology and School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Dalseo-Gu, Daegu, 426 01 South Korea
| | - Mehdi Shakibaei
- Musculoskeletal Research Group and Tumour Biology, Chair of Vegetative Anatomy, Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Dietrich Büsselberg
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine in Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Gustavo R. Sarria
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Olga Golubnitschaja
- Predictive, Preventive Personalised (3P) Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Peter Kubatka
- Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
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22
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Bae JR, Park WH, Suh DH, No JH, Kim YB, Kim K. Role of limonin in anticancer effects of Evodia rutaecarpa on ovarian cancer cells. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:94. [PMID: 32197606 PMCID: PMC7085187 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-02890-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ovarian cancer therapy generally involves systemic chemotherapy with anticancer drugs; however, chemotherapy with a platinum-based drug has often been shown to cause adverse reactions and drug resistance in ovarian cancer patients. Evodia rutaecarpa (ER) reportedly shows anticancer activity against various types of cancer cells. However, the effects of ER have not yet been fully uncovered in ovarian cancer. Methods In the present study, we investigated the anticancer effects of an ER extract and its components against the ovarian cancer cell lines SKOV-33, A2780, RMUG-S and a cisplatin-resistant SKOV-3 cell line (CisR SKOV-3). Cell viability and colony formation assays along with subcellular fractionation analysis, immunoblotting, and immunofluorescence staining were performed. Results ER treatment led to a significant reduction in the viability of SKOV-3 cells. Moreover, limonin, a compound found in ER, reduced the viability of both serous-type (SKOV-3 and A2780) and mucinous-type (RMUG-S) ovarian cancer cells by inducing apoptosis via activation of the p53 signaling pathway. Furthermore, limonin reversed the drug resistance through activation of apoptosis in CisR SKOV-3. Conclusion Taken together, our findings suggest that limonin contributes to the anti-ovarian cancer effects of ER by inducing apoptosis via activation of the p53 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Ryul Bae
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Wook Ha Park
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hoon Suh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hong No
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Beom Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Kidong Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.
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23
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Yang G, Li Z, Chen L. Limonin suppresses the progression of oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma via inhibiting YAP transcriptional regulatory activity. Tissue Cell 2020; 65:101346. [PMID: 32746992 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2020.101346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The suppressive roles of limonin have been established in various tumors. However, its roles in oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC) progression are still confusing. This work aims to explore limonin-mediated effects on OTSCC progression. CCK8 analysis was performed to evaluate limonin-mediated effects on OTSCC cell viability. Wound healing and transwell invasion analysis were constructed to examine the effects of limonin on OTSCC cell migration and invasion capacity. RT-qPCR, western blot and luciferase reporter assays were used to explore the underlying mechanisms contributing to limonin-mediated effects on OTSCC progression. It was found that limonin significantly suppressed the viability of OTSCC cells. Additionally, limonin reduced the migration and invasion ability of OTSCC cells. Mechanistically, limonin suppresses OTSCC progression by promoting the nuclear to cytoplasm translocation of YAP, decreasing YAP protein expression and subsequently decreasing YAP transcriptional regulatory activity, this is responsible for limonin-mediated suppression on OTSCC progression. Thus, this work suggests that limonin suppresses OTSCC progression through inhibiting YAP transcriptional regulatory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangsheng Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, No. 6 Zhenhua East Road, Haizhou District, Lianyungang City, Jiangsu Province, 222061, China
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, No. 6 Zhenhua East Road, Haizhou District, Lianyungang City, Jiangsu Province, 222061, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, No. 6 Zhenhua East Road, Haizhou District, Lianyungang City, Jiangsu Province, 222061, China.
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24
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Hu M, Fu Q, Jing C, Zhang X, Qin T, Pan Y. LncRNA HOTAIR knockdown inhibits glycolysis by regulating miR-130a-3p/HIF1A in hepatocellular carcinoma under hypoxia. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 125:109703. [PMID: 32062551 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
High rate of glycolysis supports hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell growth even in a hypoxic environment. However, the mechanism underlying glycolysis under hypoxia remains largely unknown. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play essential roles in regulating glucose metabolism in cancers. This study aimed to explore the role of lncRNA homeobox transcript antisense RNA (HOTAIR) in HCC glycolysis under hypoxia. Thirty-eight HCC patients were recruited. HepG2 and Huh7 cells were used for study in vitro. The expression levels of HOTAIR, microRNA-130a-3p (miR-130a-3p) and hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF1A) were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot, respectively. The glycolysis under hypoxia (1 % O2) condition was investigated by glucose consumption, lactate production and hexokinase 2 (HK2) level. The target interaction between miR-130a-3p and HOTIR or HIF1A was analyzed by bioinformatics analysis, luciferase assay, RNA pull-down and RNA immunoprecipitation. We found that HOTAIR expression was enhanced in HCC tissues and cells. Under hypoxia condition, HOTAIR expression was increased and its knockdown inhibited glycolysis in HCC cells. HOTAIR was validated as a decoy of miR-130a-3p and miR-130a-3p deficiency reversed the suppressive effect of HOTAIR silence on glycolysis under hypoxia. HIF1A was indicated as a target of miR-130a-3p and miR-130a-3p overexpression repressed glycolysis under hypoxia by targeting HIF1A. Moreover, HIF1A expression was regulated by HOTAIR and miR-130a-3p. In conclusion, knockdown of HOTAIR suppressed glycolysis by regulating miR-130a-3p and HIF1A in HCC cells treated by hypoxia, elucidating a novel mechanism in HCC glycolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxing Hu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Qiang Fu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Chan Jing
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Tao Qin
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yanfeng Pan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan, China.
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Zheng G, Yang X, Liu M, Chao Y, Chen B, Yang D, Wei M. Supercritical CO 2 Fluid Extraction for the Identification of Compounds from Citrus reticulata Semen by Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Combined with Q-Exactive Orbitrap Tandem Mass Spectrometry. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:2180-2186. [PMID: 32064378 PMCID: PMC7016925 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b03123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
A rapid and simple method based on the coupling of supercritical fluid extraction and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography combined with Q-Exactive Orbitrap tandem mass spectrometry (SFE-UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap-MS) detection for the identification of compounds from Citrus reticulata semen (CRS) was developed for the first time in this study. Through the optimization of the SFE parameters including extractive pressure, extractive temperature, and time, most of the compounds were successfully extracted at 50 °C, 33 MPa, and 2 h without an entraining agent, among which 32 compounds were successfully identified. Moreover, the operating conditions of UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap-MS were also optimized for the analysis of the SFE extracts, and the extracts in the CRS showed good separation performance in 20 min. A total of 28 compounds from the SFE extract were identified by comparing the standard sample together with full scan and related literature data, among which esters and flavonoids were the major compounds identified in the CRS extracts. In addition, 2 phenols, 2 aldehydes, 2 triterpenes, and 5 other compounds were identified. The SFE-UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap-MS method was successfully validated and applied for the identification of compounds from the CRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guodong Zheng
- Key
Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the
State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, China
| | - Xiujuan Yang
- Key
Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the
State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, China
| | - Mengshi Liu
- Key
Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the
State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, China
| | - Yingxin Chao
- Key
Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the
State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, China
| | - Baizhong Chen
- Guangdong
Xinbaotang Biological Technology Company, Ltd, Jiangmen, Guangdong 529000, China
| | - Depo Yang
- School
of Pharmacy, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- E-mail: . Phone: +86-20-39943043. Fax: +86-20-39943043 (D.Y.)
| | - Minyan Wei
- Key
Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the
State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, China
- E-mail: . Phone: +86-20-37103268.
Fax: +86-20-37103268 (M.W.)
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Chen S, Luo X, Wu W, Li Y, Yu H, Wang Y, Yan J. The long non-coding RNA MACC1-AS1 promotes nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell stemness via suppressing miR-145-mediated inhibition on SMAD2/MACC1-AS1 axis. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 125:109986. [PMID: 32058221 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.109986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 01/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The promoting roles of the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) MACC1-AS1 have been indicated in gastric and pancreatic cancer, however, its roles in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) progression are never been revealed. In this work, it was shown that lncRNA MACC1-AS1 was highly expressed in NPC tissues and cells relative to the adjacent tissues and nasal mucosa cells, respectively. Additionally, MACC1-AS1 expression was positively correlated with the high rate of lymph node metastasis and large tumor size. in vitro and in vivo experiments revealed that MACC1-AS1 knockdown reduced the stemness of NPC cells, which was indicated by the decrease of sphere-forming ability, ALDH1 activity, stemness marker expression and tumor-initiating capacity. Mechanistic research showed that MACC1-AS1 antagonized the activity of miR-145, which could target Smad2. In turn, smad2 directly bound to MACC1-AS1 promoter and thus increased MACC1-AS1 expression. Notably, knockdown of miR-145 or overexpression of Smad2 rescued the inhibition of MACC1-AS1 knockdown on the stemness of NPC cells. Therefore, these results demonstrate a novel MACC1-AS1/miR-145/Smad2 negative loop responsible for NPC cell stemness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoqing Chen
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwaizheng Street, Donghu District, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Xiao Luo
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwaizheng Street, Donghu District, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwaizheng Street, Donghu District, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwaizheng Street, Donghu District, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Hongyuan Yu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwaizheng Street, Donghu District, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Yurou Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwaizheng Street, Donghu District, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Junfeng Yan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwaizheng Street, Donghu District, Nanchang 330006, China.
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Wu Z, Han X, Tan G, Zhu Q, Chen H, Xia Y, Gong J, Wang Z, Wang Y, Yan J. Dioscin Inhibited Glycolysis and Induced Cell Apoptosis in Colorectal Cancer via Promoting c-myc Ubiquitination and Subsequent Hexokinase-2 Suppression. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:31-44. [PMID: 32021252 PMCID: PMC6954095 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s224062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Dioscin is a natural product isolated from traditional Chinese medicines and is reported to have antitumor activities against several cancers. In the present study, we aimed to investigate its potency against colorectal cancers, especially the effects on tumor glycolysis, and to elaborate related molecular mechanisms. Methods The antitumor activities of dioscin were evaluated by cell proliferation assays and colony formation assays in vitro and the mouse xenograft models in vivo. The effects of dioscin on tumor glycolysis were determined by measuring glucose absorption and lactate generation. Cell apoptosis was detected by cleaved PARP and the activity of caspase-3. Protein overexpression or gene knockdown was conducted to illustrate molecular mechanisms. Immunoprecipitation experiments were applied to identify the interaction between different proteins. Results Dioscin substantially inhibited colorectal cancer cell proliferation in vitro and suppressed the xenograft growth in nude mice. After dioscin treatment, with the suppression of hexokinase-2, the tumor glycolysis was significantly decreased. Dioscin substantially impaired the interaction between hexokinase-2 and VDAC-1, and induced cell apoptosis. Exogenous overexpression of hexokinase-2 significantly antagonized the glycolysis suppression and apoptosis induction by dioscin. Through enhancing the binding of E3 ligase FBW7 to c-myc, dioscin promoted the ubiquitination of c-myc and gave rise to c-myc degradation, which contributed to the inhibition of hexokinase-2. Conclusion Our studies revealed a novel mechanism by which dioscin exerted its antitumor activity in colorectal cancer, and verified that dioscin or its analog might have potentials for colorectal cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenqian Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Han
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Gewen Tan
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingchao Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongqi Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Xia
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianfeng Gong
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhigang Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Yan
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, People's Republic of China
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28
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Zheng G, Yang X, Chen B, Chao Y, Hu P, Cai Y, Wu B, Wei M. Identification and determination of chemical constituents of Citrus reticulata semen through ultra high performance liquid chromatography combined with Q Exactive Orbitrap tandem mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2019; 43:438-451. [PMID: 31654554 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201900641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Citrus reticulata semen, a traditional Chinese medicinal material, has desirable medicinal and dietary properties. In this study, a method combining ultra high performance liquid chromatography with Q Exactive Orbitrap tandem mass spectrometry was established and validated for the identification and analysis of the chemical components of C. reticulata semen for the first time. The evaluation of different retention times and fragmentation characteristics, as well as comparative analysis with the literature, resulted in the identification of 35 chemical constituents, including 21 flavonoids and 14 other compounds. The 21 flavonoids derived from C. reticulata semen were reported for the first time. Seven of the chemical components of C. reticulata semen were quantitatively analyzed using the developed method under the optimal conditions. The results showed that the content of limonin, hesperidin, nobiletin, synephrine, tangeretin, 3,5,6,7,8,3',4'-heptamethoxyflavone and 5-hydroxide-6,7,8,3',4'-pentamethoxyflavone in C. reticulata semen was 11.1666, 0.0404, 0.0092, 0.0255, 0.0087, 0.0010, and 0.0008 mg/g, respectively. This study demonstrated that the ultra high performance liquid chromatography Q Exactive Orbitrap mass spectrometry based method can be used to rapidly and reliably analyze the chemical constituents of C. reticulata semen. These results provide a scientific basis for further studies of C. reticulata semen.
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Affiliation(s)
- GuoDong Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - XiuJuan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - BaiZhong Chen
- Guangdong Xinbaotang Biological Technology Co., Ltd, Guangdong, Jiangmen, P. R. China
| | - YingXin Chao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - PingJun Hu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Yi Cai
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Bo Wu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - MinYan Wei
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
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Limonin: A Review of Its Pharmacology, Toxicity, and Pharmacokinetics. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24203679. [PMID: 31614806 PMCID: PMC6832453 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24203679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Limonin is a natural tetracyclic triterpenoid compound, which widely exists in Euodia rutaecarpa (Juss.) Benth., Phellodendron chinense Schneid., and Coptis chinensis Franch. Its extensive pharmacological effects have attracted considerable attention in recent years. However, there is no systematic review focusing on the pharmacology, toxicity, and pharmacokinetics of limonin. Therefore, this review aimed to provide the latest information on the pharmacology, toxicity, and pharmacokinetics of limonin, exploring the therapeutic potential of this compound and looking for ways to improve efficacy and bioavailability. Limonin has a wide spectrum of pharmacological effects, including anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory and analgesic, anti-bacterial and anti-virus, anti-oxidation, liver protection properties. However, limonin has also been shown to lead to hepatotoxicity, renal toxicity, and genetic damage. Moreover, limonin also has complex impacts on hepatic metabolic enzyme. Pharmacokinetic studies have demonstrated that limonin has poor bioavailability, and the reduction, hydrolysis, and methylation are the main metabolic pathways of limonin. We also found that the position and group of the substituents of limonin are key in affecting pharmacological activity and bioavailability. However, some issues still exist, such as the mechanism of antioxidant activity of limonin not being clear. In addition, there are few studies on the toxicity mechanism of limonin, and the effects of limonin concentration on pharmacological effects and toxicity are not clear, and no researchers have reported any ways in which to reduce the toxicity of limonin. Therefore, future research directions include the mechanism of antioxidant activity of limonin, how the concentration of limonin affects pharmacological effects and toxicity, finding ways to reduce the toxicity of limonin, and structural modification of limonin—one of the key methods necessary to enhance pharmacological activity and bioavailability.
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Zhang X, Zhong N, Li X, Chen MB. TRIB3 promotes lung cancer progression by activating β-catenin signaling. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 863:172697. [PMID: 31562867 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
TRIB3 roles in tumor progression have been revealed with similar or opposite results. Here, we found that TRIB3 expression was highly expressed in lung cancer tissues and correlated with tumor grades and metastasis. Functional experiments showed that TRIB3 knockdown (KD) inhibited lung cancer cell migration, invasion, EMT (epithelial-mesenchymal transition) process and stemness. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that TRIB3 physically interacted with β-catenin and increased the recruitment of β-catenin to the promoter region of genes regulated by Wnt. Re-activation of β-catenin attenuated the inhibition of TRIB3 KD on lung cancer progression. These results suggest that TRIB3 interacts with β-catenin and thus activates β-catenin signaling, which is responsible for lung cancer progression, and blocking TRIB3 activity might be developed to treat lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochuan Zhang
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Kunshan, 91 Qianjin West Road, Kunshan, Jiangsu, 215300, PR China
| | - Ning Zhong
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Kunshan, 91 Qianjin West Road, Kunshan, Jiangsu, 215300, PR China
| | - Xing Li
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Kunshan, 91 Qianjin West Road, Kunshan, Jiangsu, 215300, PR China
| | - Min-Bin Chen
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, The Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunsan, 215300, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Tang Z, Tang Y, Li L, Liu T, Yang J. Limonin provokes hepatocellular carcinoma cells with stemness entry into cycle via activating PI3K/Akt signaling. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 117:109051. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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Gao L, Sang JZ, Cao H. Limonin enhances the radiosensitivity of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells via attenuating Stat3-induced cell stemness. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 118:109366. [PMID: 31545261 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The inhibitory effects of limonin have been disclosed in various tumors, however, its roles in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) progression are never been revealed. In the current work, we collected NPC cells with a higher stemness compared with bulk cells through isolating the side population (SP) cells. It was found that limonin exhibited a stronger inhibitory effect on SP cells than that in bulk cells, which was evident by a lower IC50 value. Additionally, limonin attenuated the stemness and migration ability of SP cells with the higher stemness, characterized as decreasing the spheroid formation ability, expression of stemness markers and migration ability. Moreover, the proportion of SP cells in G0 phase was remarkably higher than that in bulk cells. Notably, upon limonin treatment, the proportion of SP cells in G0 was decreased and S/G2/M increased. Furthermore, limonin enhanced the radiosensitivity of NPC cells. The mechanistic studies based on RNA-sequencing analysis revealed that limonin inhibited the gene transcription driven by Stat3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3) and an activator of Stat3 (Colivelin or IL-6) rescued the inhibitory effects of limonin. Therefore, these results demonstrate that limonin could reduce the stemness of NPC cells and thus the radiosensitivity through suppressing Stat3 transcriptional activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Gao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Jianshe Dong Road No.1, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Jian-Zhong Sang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Jianshe Dong Road No.1, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Hua Cao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Jianshe Dong Road No.1, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
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Cheng N, Li H, Han Y, Sun S. Transcription factor Six2 induces a stem cell-like phenotype in renal cell carcinoma cells. FEBS Open Bio 2019; 9:1808-1816. [PMID: 31420918 PMCID: PMC6768107 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) accounts for 2-3% of adult malignant tumors, and the incidence of RCC worldwide has increased by about 2% over the past two decades. The homeobox protein Six2 has been shown to promote the stemness of breast cancer cells and play a role in kidney development, but its involvement in RCC progression has not previously been investigated. Here, we found that six2 expression was significantly increased in RCC tissues and negatively correlated with the overall survival of patients with RCC. In addition, six2 expression exhibited a remarkably higher level relative to that in normal renal cells. Functional experiments showed that six2 knockdown attenuated the stemness of RCC cells, which was evident by decreased spheroid formation ability and stemness marker (sox2 and nanog) expression. Mechanistic studies indicated that Six2 directly bound to the enhancer of sox2, promoting sox2 expression and downstream effector expression of nanog. Furthermore, overexpression of sox2 rescued the inhibitory effects of six2 on the stemness of RCC cells. Notably, six2 expression is positively correlated with sox2 and nanog expression in RCC tissues. Collectively, our results point toward a six2/sox2 axis responsible for RCC cell stemness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Cheng
- PediatricsShandong Provincial Qianfoshan HospitalJinanShandongChina
| | - Hongjuan Li
- PediatricsShandong Provincial Qianfoshan HospitalJinanShandongChina
| | - Yan Han
- PediatricsShandong Provincial Qianfoshan HospitalJinanShandongChina
| | - Shuzhen Sun
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Rheumatism and ImmunologyShandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong UniversityJinanChina
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Luo F, Li Y, Yuan F, Zuo J. Hexokinase II promotes the Warburg effect by phosphorylating alpha subunit of pyruvate dehydrogenase. Chin J Cancer Res 2019; 31:521-532. [PMID: 31354221 PMCID: PMC6613503 DOI: 10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2019.03.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Tumor cells rely heavily on glycolysis regardless of oxygen tension, a phenomenon called the Warburg effect. Hexokinase II (HKII) catalyzes the first irreversible step of glycolysis and is often overexpressed in tumor cells. Mitochondrial HKII couples glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation while maintaining mitochondrial membrane integrity. In this study, we investigated the role of HKII in promoting the Warburg effect in cancer cells. Methods HKII-mediated phosphorylation of the alpha subunit of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDHA1) was tested in HEK293T cells and clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) specimens using gene knockdown, western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence. Results It was determined that HKII could not only transform glucose into glucose-6-phosphate, but also transfer the phosphate group of ATP onto PDHA1. In addition, it was found that HKII increased the phosphorylation of Ser293 on PDHA1, decreasing pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complex activity and thus rerouting the metabolic pathway and promoting the Warburg effect. The overexpression of HKII correlated with the phosphorylation of PDHA1 and disease progression in ccRCC. Conclusions The data presented here suggest that HKII is an important biomarker in the evaluation and treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangxiu Luo
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital North, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201801, China
| | - You Li
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital North, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201801, China
| | - Fei Yuan
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Junli Zuo
- Department of Geriatrics, Ruijin Hospital North, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201801, China
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