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Sarwar F, Ashhad S, Vimal A, Vishvakarma R. Small molecule inhibitors of the VEGF and tyrosine kinase for the treatment of cervical cancer. Med Oncol 2024; 41:199. [PMID: 38985225 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-024-02446-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Cervical cancer accounts for most deaths due to cancer in women, majorly in developing nations. The culprit behind this disease is the human papillomavirus (HPV) which accounts for more than 90% of cervical cancer cases. The viral strains produce proteins that favor the knocking down of the apoptosis process and continuous growth of cells in the cervix leading to tumor growth. Proangiogenic growth factors, such as fibroblast growth factor (FGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), angiopoietins, and other endothelial growth factors (EGF), are secreted by tumor cells and the surrounding microenvironment, which further advances the development of cancer. The extracellular domain of receptor tyrosine kinases is employed by ligands (like VEGF and EGF) to engage and activate them by inducing receptor dimerization, which facilitates the cascade impact of these factors. The tyrosine kinase domains of each receptor autophosphorylate each other, activating the receptor and initiating signaling cascades that promote angiogenesis, migration, proliferation, and survival of endothelial cells. Cancer cells benefit from its modified signaling pathways, which cause oncogenic activation. Upon early cervical cancer detection, the second-line therapy strategy involves blocking the signaling pathways with VEGF and small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). This review paper highlights the genesis of cervical cancer and combating it using VEGF and tyrosine kinase inhibitors by delving into the details of the currently available inhibitors. Further, we have discussed the inhibitor molecules that are currently in various phases of clinical trials. This paper will surely enhance the understanding of cervical cancer and its treatment approaches and what further interventions can be done to alleviate the disease currently serving as a major health burden in the developing world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Sarwar
- Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226026, India
| | - Samreen Ashhad
- Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226026, India
| | - Archana Vimal
- Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226026, India.
| | - Reena Vishvakarma
- Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226026, India.
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Nayarisseri A, Abdalla M, Joshi I, Yadav M, Bhrdwaj A, Chopra I, Khan A, Saxena A, Sharma K, Panicker A, Panwar U, Mendonça Junior FJB, Singh SK. Potential inhibitors of VEGFR1, VEGFR2, and VEGFR3 developed through Deep Learning for the treatment of Cervical Cancer. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13251. [PMID: 38858458 PMCID: PMC11164920 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63762-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer stands as a prevalent gynaecologic malignancy affecting women globally, often linked to persistent human papillomavirus infection. Biomarkers associated with cervical cancer, including VEGF-A, VEGF-B, VEGF-C, VEGF-D, and VEGF-E, show upregulation and are linked to angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. This research aims to employ in-silico methods to target tyrosine kinase receptor proteins-VEGFR-1, VEGFR-2, and VEGFR-3, and identify novel inhibitors for Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors receptors (VEGFRs). A comprehensive literary study was conducted which identified 26 established inhibitors for VEGFR-1, VEGFR-2, and VEGFR-3 receptor proteins. Compounds with high-affinity scores, including PubChem ID-25102847, 369976, and 208908 were chosen from pre-existing compounds for creating Deep Learning-based models. RD-Kit, a Deep learning algorithm, was used to generate 43 million compounds for VEGFR-1, VEGFR-2, and VEGFR-3 targets. Molecular docking studies were conducted on the top 10 molecules for each target to validate the receptor-ligand binding affinity. The results of Molecular Docking indicated that PubChem IDs-71465,645 and 11152946 exhibited strong affinity, designating them as the most efficient molecules. To further investigate their potential, a Molecular Dynamics Simulation was performed to assess conformational stability, and a pharmacophore analysis was also conducted for indoctrinating interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuraj Nayarisseri
- In silico Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, 91, Sector-A, Mahalakshmi Nagar, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, 452010, India.
- Bioinformatics Research Laboratory, LeGene Biosciences Pvt Ltd, 91, Sector-A, Mahalakshmi Nagar, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, 452010, India.
| | - Mohnad Abdalla
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Cultural West Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Isha Joshi
- In silico Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, 91, Sector-A, Mahalakshmi Nagar, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, 452010, India
| | - Manasi Yadav
- In silico Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, 91, Sector-A, Mahalakshmi Nagar, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, 452010, India
| | - Anushka Bhrdwaj
- In silico Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, 91, Sector-A, Mahalakshmi Nagar, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, 452010, India
- Computer Aided Drug Designing and Molecular Modeling Lab, Department of Bioinformatics, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, 630003, India
| | - Ishita Chopra
- In silico Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, 91, Sector-A, Mahalakshmi Nagar, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, 452010, India
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Ross Hall, 2300 Eye Street, Washington, D.C., NW, 20037, USA
| | - Arshiya Khan
- In silico Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, 91, Sector-A, Mahalakshmi Nagar, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, 452010, India
- Computer Aided Drug Designing and Molecular Modeling Lab, Department of Bioinformatics, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, 630003, India
| | - Arshiya Saxena
- In silico Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, 91, Sector-A, Mahalakshmi Nagar, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, 452010, India
| | - Khushboo Sharma
- In silico Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, 91, Sector-A, Mahalakshmi Nagar, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, 452010, India
- Computer Aided Drug Designing and Molecular Modeling Lab, Department of Bioinformatics, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, 630003, India
| | - Aravind Panicker
- In silico Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, 91, Sector-A, Mahalakshmi Nagar, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, 452010, India
| | - Umesh Panwar
- Computer Aided Drug Designing and Molecular Modeling Lab, Department of Bioinformatics, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, 630003, India
| | | | - Sanjeev Kumar Singh
- Computer Aided Drug Designing and Molecular Modeling Lab, Department of Bioinformatics, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, 630003, India.
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Yadav R, Das PP, Sharma S, Sengupta S, Kumar D, Sagar R. Recent advancement of nanomedicine-based targeted delivery for cervical cancer treatment. Med Oncol 2023; 40:347. [PMID: 37930458 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02195-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Cervical cancer is a huge worldwide health burden, impacting women in impoverished nations in particular. Traditional therapeutic approaches, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy, frequently result in systemic toxicity and ineffectiveness. Nanomedicine has emerged as a viable strategy for targeted delivery of therapeutic drugs to cancer cells while decreasing off-target effects and increasing treatment success in recent years. Nanomedicine for cervical cancer introduces several novel aspects that distinguish it from previous treatment options such as tailored delivery system, precision targeting, combination therapies, real-time monitoring and diverse nanocarriers to overcome the limitations of one another. This abstract presents recent advances in nanomedicine-based tailored delivery systems for the treatment of cervical cancer. Liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, dendrimers, and carbon nanotubes have all been intensively studied for their ability to transport chemotherapeutic medicines, nucleic acids, and imaging agents to cervical cancer cells. Because of the way these nanocarriers are designed, they may cross biological barriers and preferentially aggregate at the tumor site, boosting medicine concentration and lowering negative effects on healthy tissues. Surface modification of nanocarriers with targeting ligands like antibodies, peptides, or aptamers improves specificity for cancer cells by identifying overexpressed receptors or antigens on the tumor surface. Furthermore, nanomedicine-based techniques have made it possible to co-deliver numerous therapeutic drugs, allowing for synergistic effects and overcoming drug resistance. In preclinical and clinical investigations, combination treatments comprising chemotherapeutic medicines, gene therapy, immunotherapy, and photodynamic therapy have showed encouraging results, opening up new avenues for individualized and multimodal treatment regimens. Furthermore, the inclusion of contrast agents and imaging probes into nanocarrier systems has enabled real-time monitoring and imaging of treatment response. This enables the assessment of therapy efficacy, the early diagnosis of recurrence, and the optimization of treatment regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakhi Yadav
- Glycochemistry Laboratory, School of Physical Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Priyanku Pradip Das
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173229, India
| | - Sunil Sharma
- Glycochemistry Laboratory, School of Physical Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Sounok Sengupta
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173229, India
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173229, India.
| | - Ram Sagar
- Glycochemistry Laboratory, School of Physical Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India.
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Yin S, Cui H, Qin S, Yu S. Manipulating TGF-β signaling to optimize immunotherapy for cervical cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 166:115355. [PMID: 37647692 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is a serious threat to women's health globally. Therefore, identifying key molecules associated with cervical cancer progression is essential for drug development, disease monitoring, and precision therapy. Recently, TGF-β (transforming growth factor-beta) has been identified as a promising target for cervical cancer treatment. For advanced cervical cancer, TGF-β participates in tumor development by improving metastasis, stemness, drug resistance, and immune evasion. Accumulating evidence demonstrates that TGF-β blockade effectively improves the therapeutic effects, especially immunotherapy. Currently, agents targeting TGF-β and immune checkpoints such as PD-L1 have been developed and tested in clinical studies. These bispecific antibodies might have the potential as therapeutic agents for cervical cancer treatment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuping Yin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Changxing People's Hospital of Zhejiang Huzhou, Changxing 313100, China
| | - Han Cui
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Changxing People's Hospital of Zhejiang Huzhou, Changxing 313100, China
| | - Shuang Qin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Shengnan Yu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 400042 Chongqing, China.
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Zhang C, Sheng Y, Sun X, Wang Y. New insights for gynecological cancer therapies: from molecular mechanisms and clinical evidence to future directions. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2023; 42:891-925. [PMID: 37368179 PMCID: PMC10584725 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-023-10113-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Advanced and recurrent gynecological cancers lack effective treatment and have poor prognosis. Besides, there is urgent need for conservative treatment for fertility protection of young patients. Therefore, continued efforts are needed to further define underlying therapeutic targets and explore novel targeted strategies. Considerable advancements have been made with new insights into molecular mechanisms on cancer progression and breakthroughs in novel treatment strategies. Herein, we review the research that holds unique novelty and potential translational power to alter the current landscape of gynecological cancers and improve effective treatments. We outline the advent of promising therapies with their targeted biomolecules, including hormone receptor-targeted agents, inhibitors targeting epigenetic regulators, antiangiogenic agents, inhibitors of abnormal signaling pathways, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors, agents targeting immune-suppressive regulators, and repurposed existing drugs. We particularly highlight clinical evidence and trace the ongoing clinical trials to investigate the translational value. Taken together, we conduct a thorough review on emerging agents for gynecological cancer treatment and further discuss their potential challenges and future opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxue Zhang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030 People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Municipal Key Clinical Specialty, Female Tumor Reproductive Specialty, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaru Sheng
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030 People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Municipal Key Clinical Specialty, Female Tumor Reproductive Specialty, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Sun
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030 People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Municipal Key Clinical Specialty, Female Tumor Reproductive Specialty, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Yudong Wang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030 People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Municipal Key Clinical Specialty, Female Tumor Reproductive Specialty, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Disease, Shanghai, China
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Takeuchi M, Matsuzaki K, Bando Y, Harada M. Dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging of uterine endometrial carcinoma with/without squamous differentiation. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2023; 48:2494-2502. [PMID: 37157002 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-023-03934-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Endometrial carcinoma with strong enhancement on dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) is suggestive of high-grade type II endometrial carcinoma. However, low-grade type I endometrial carcinoma may also sometimes show strong enhancement. We hypothesized that squamous differentiation would contribute to the strong enhancement at the early phase on DCE-MRI-like uterine cervical squamous cell carcinoma and compared the DCE-MRI findings of endometrial carcinoma with and without squamous differentiation. METHODS DCE-MRI of endometrial carcinoma including 41 low-grade type I endometrial carcinomas without squamous differentiation (LG), 39 low-grade type I endometrial carcinomas with squamous differentiation (LGSD), and 20 high-grade type II endometrial carcinomas (HG) was retrospectively evaluated. RESULTS Significant difference in the time-intensity curves was found between LG and HG and LG and LGSD, whereas no significant difference was seen between HG and LGSD. Curve type 3 (initial signal rise which is steeper than that of the myometrium) was more frequent in HG (60%) and LGSD (77%) than in LG (34%). CONCLUSION It should be recognized as a pitfall that high-grade type II endometrial carcinoma and low-grade type I endometrial carcinoma with squamous differentiation may show similar early strong enhancement on DCE-MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayumi Takeuchi
- Department of Radiology, Tokushima University, 3-18-15, Kuramoto-Cho, Tokushima, 7708503, Japan.
| | - Kenji Matsuzaki
- Department of Radiological Technology, Tokushima Bunri University, 1314-1, Shido, Sanuki-City, Kagawa, 7692193, Japan
| | - Yoshimi Bando
- Division of Pathology, Tokushima University Hospital, 2-50-1, Kuramoto-Cho, Tokushima, 7708503, Japan
| | - Masafumi Harada
- Department of Radiology, Tokushima University, 3-18-15, Kuramoto-Cho, Tokushima, 7708503, Japan
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Zhang Y, Li H, Li X, Li Z, You Q, Yi H, Su Y, Zheng X, Chen Y, Chen J. Associations of human papillomavirus genotypes and cervical vascular abnormality in a cohort of women underwent colposcopy, a retrospective study of 6716 patients. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1105482. [PMID: 37091162 PMCID: PMC10113430 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1105482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
AimsAbnormal vessel patterns are specific signs in patients with early cervical abnormality and cervical cancer(CC) by colposcopy, but the impact of human papillomavirus (HPV) infections on abnormal vessel patterns remains unknown.MethodsA total of 6716 female patients with HPV infections or cytological abnormalities who underwent a colposcopy following abnormal CC screening results were included in the study. The final pathological diagnosis was confirmed to be the most severe pathological grade across cervical biopsy, endocervical canal curettage (ECC) and conization. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to investigate the association between HPV infections and abnormal vessel patterns, adjusting for age, gravidity and parity.ResultsThere were 6124 normal vascular cases by colposcopy and 592 cases with cervical vascular abnormality. The prevalence of HPV infections was 4284 (70%) in normal patients, and the prevalence of HPV infections was 479 (80%) in cervical vascular abnormality patients. HPV high-risk type 16 infection alone increased the risk of cervical heteromorphic blood vessels (aOR=3.66, 95%CI: 2.54~5.27). HPV 16 and 33 alone (other than the commonly recognized subtype of 18) or coinfection of these two genotypes could increase the risk of cervical punctate vascular and cervical vascular mosaic features and abnormal cervical blood vessels. An increased risk of abnormal cervical lesions was observed for HPV 16 and 33 alone or combined in coinfection compared to the negative group. The risk of cervical vascular abnormality was increased 10-fold by coinfection with HPV 16 and 33 (aOR=10.67, 95% CI: 4.54~25.09, P<0.001). HPV 16, 33 alone or combined in coinfection were associated with an increased risk of lesions more advanced than high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) when compared to the negative group. The risk of lesions more advanced than HSIL was up to 26-fold higher in the coinfection with HPV 16 and 33 group than in the negative group (aOR=26.23, 95%CI: 11.23~61.27, P<0.001).ConclusionHPV16 and 33 are the most dangerous HPV genotypes correlated with abnormal vascular patterns. Combined HPV16 and HPV33 infection increases the risk of abnormal vascular patterns. Combined HPV16 and HPV33 infection increases the risk of developing HSIL+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulong Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medical for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Haibo Li
- Division of Birth Cohort Study, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaowen Li
- Department of Gynecology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medical for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhelong Li
- Department of Gynecology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medical for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qianru You
- Department of Gynecology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medical for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Huan Yi
- Department of Gynecology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medical for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Huan Yi, ; Yanzhao Su, ; Xiangqin Zheng,
| | - Yanzhao Su
- Department of Gynecology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medical for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Huan Yi, ; Yanzhao Su, ; Xiangqin Zheng,
| | - Xiangqin Zheng
- Department of Gynecology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medical for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Huan Yi, ; Yanzhao Su, ; Xiangqin Zheng,
| | - Yusha Chen
- Cervical Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Health Center, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medical for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jiancui Chen
- Cervical Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Health Center, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital College of Clinical Medical for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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Situmorang PC, Simanullang RH, Abdi Syahputra R, Hutahaean MM, Sembiring H, Nisfa L, Sari ER. Histological analysis of TGFβ1 and VEGFR expression in cervical carcinoma treated with Rhodomyrtus tomentosa. PHARMACIA 2023. [DOI: 10.3897/pharmacia.70.e96811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cervical carcinoma is one of the most common malignant carcinomas around the world, including Indonesia. Rhodomyrtus tomentosa is an herbal medicine that is often used in Asia as a therapeutic agent to stop cancer metastases. The process of neoangiogenesis in cervical cancer depends on VEGFR activity. Increased TGFβ1 production is also linked to cervical cancer, suggesting that gene inactivation contributes to the emergence of cervical carcinoma.
Group C- was the control group, Group C+ was the cancer model group, CER100 was the group of rats with cancer + 100 mg/kg body weight (BW) of R. tomentosa, CER200 was the group of rats with cancer + 200 mg/kg BW of R. tomentosa, and CER400 was the group of rats with cancer + 400 mg/kg BWR. tomentosa. Rats were dissected after administration of R. tomentosa for 30 days. Immunohistochemical staining of the cervical tissue was performed with TGFβ1 and VEGFR antibodies. VEGFR expression was significantly different from TGFβ1 expression (p < 0.01). The highest expression was observed at the lowest dose of R. tomentosa (100 mg/kg BW), and the lowest expression was observed at 200 and 400 mg/kg BW. The administration of R. tomentosa can repair tissue damage and decrease the expression of TGFβ1 and VEGFR via histopathological parameters, indicating the importance of the activity of these proteins in the development of neoangiogenesis in cervical cancer.
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Huang D, He Q, Zhai L, Shen J, Jing F, Chen H, Zhu X, Zhou J. Efficacy and Safety of Apatinib for the Treatment of Advanced or Recurrent Cervical Cancer: A Single-Arm Meta-Analysis Among Chinese Patients. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:843905. [PMID: 36034824 PMCID: PMC9403417 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.843905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Although various effective compounds for the second- and third-line treatment of advanced or recurrent cervical cancer improved the overall survival, the optimal regimen remains controversial. Previous studies revealed that apatinib had extensive anti-tumor activities. However, almost all studies on apatinib in recurrent cervical cancer are non-randomized controlled trials with small sample sizes, different first-line treatments, and uncontrolled statistical analysis, which may result in a lack of effective metrics to evaluate the efficacy and safety of apatinib. Here, this meta-analysis aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of apatinib in patients with advanced or recurrent cervical cancer.Methods: PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases were systematically searched for relevant studies. Outcomes including overall response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and adverse events (AEs) were extracted for further analysis.Results: Seven studies involving 243 patients were enrolled in this meta-analysis. In terms of tumor response, the pooled ORR and DCR were 22.9% and 68.6%, respectively. With regard to survival analysis, the pooled PFS and OS were 5.19 months and 10.63 months, respectively. The most common treatment-related adverse events of apatinib were hand–foot syndrome (all grade: 39.6%, ≥grade III: 7.5%), hypertension (all grade: 34.5%, ≥grade III: 9.2%), and fatigue (all grade: 28.0%, ≥grade III: 5.1%).Conclusions: In summary, this meta-analysis demonstrated that apatinib has promising efficacy and safety for patients with advanced or recurrent cervical cancer.Systematic Review Registration:https://inplasy.com/inplasy-2022-7-0049/, identifier INPLASY202270049
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Huang
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qionghua He
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lingyun Zhai
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiayu Shen
- Department of Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fei Jing
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huanhuan Chen
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqing Zhu
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianwei Zhou
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jianwei Zhou,
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Hwang WY, Chang SJ, Kim HS, Kim NK, Kim TH, Kim Y, Kong TW, Lee EJ, Park SJ, Shim SH, Son JH, Suh DH, Yang EJ. Gastrointestinal/genitourinary perforation and fistula formation with or without bevacizumab in patients with previously irradiated recurrent cervical cancer: a Korean multicenter retrospective study of the Gynecologic Oncology Research Investigators Collaboration (GORILLA) group (GORILLA-1001). BMC Cancer 2022; 22:603. [PMID: 35655188 PMCID: PMC9161567 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09695-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aims to evaluate the incidence of and identify risk factors for gastrointestinal (GI) and genitourinary (GU) fistula or perforation formation with or without bevacizumab in patients with recurrent cervical cancer who underwent pelvic radiation therapy (RT). Methods Medical records of patients with recurrent cervical cancer who previously underwent pelvic RT between 2007 and 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Clinicopathological factors were compared between groups that are stratified according to: 1) fistula/perforation (+) versus (-); and 2) bevacizumab plus conventional chemotherapy (BC) versus chemotherapy alone (C). Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were performed to identify risk factors for fistula/perforation. Overall survival (OS) was compared between the different groups. Results Of 219 participants, fistula/perforation of any grade occurred in 36 patients (16.4%); 27 fistulas and 9 perforations. Bevacizumab was more frequently used in Bevacizumab was more frequently used ( +) group than fistula/perforation (-) group (p = 0.015). Multivariate analysis showed that bevacizumab administration was the only independent risk factor for fistula or perforation (HR, 3.27; 95% CI, 1.18–9.10; P = 0.023). F/P was observed more frequently in women receiving BC (n = 144) than those receiving C (n = 75) (20.8% vs. 8.0%; P = 0.019). During median follow-up of 33.7 months (1.2–185.6 months), no significant OS difference was observed between fistula/perforation ( +) vs. (-) (hazards ratio [HR], 1.78; median 84.2 months [95% CI, 59.3–109.0] vs. 129.5 months [95% CI, 114.1–144.9]; P = 0.065) or BC vs. C (HR, 1.03; median 119.8 months [95% CI, 97.3–142.3] vs. 115.7 months [95% CI, 96.0–135.4]; P = 0.928). Conclusions This study suggests that incorporation of bevacizumab in chemotherapy regimens for treating recurrent cervical cancer in patients who underwent pelvic RT incurs considerable risk for GI/GU fistula or perforation. There were no other independent risk factors for developing GI/GU fistula or perforation in this study population. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-022-09695-x.
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Birrer MJ, Fujiwara K, Oaknin A, Randall L, Ojalvo LS, Valencia C, Ray-Coquard I. The Changing Landscape of Systemic Treatment for Cervical Cancer: Rationale for Inhibition of the TGF-β and PD-L1 Pathways. Front Oncol 2022; 12:814169. [PMID: 35280818 PMCID: PMC8905681 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.814169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is one of the most common and lethal cancers among women worldwide. Treatment options are limited in patients with persistent, recurrent, or metastatic cervical cancer, with <20% of women living >5 years. Persistent human papillomavirus (HPV) infection has been implicated in almost all cases of cervical cancer. HPV infection not only causes normal cervical cells to transform into cancer cells, but also creates an immunosuppressive environment for cancer cells to evade the immune system. Recent clinical trials of drugs targeting the PD-(L)1 pathway have demonstrated improvement in overall survival in patients with cervical cancer, but only 20% to 30% of patients show overall survival benefit beyond 2 years, and resistance to these treatments remains common. Therefore, novel treatment strategies targeting HPV infection-associated factors are currently being evaluated in clinical trials. Bintrafusp alfa is a first-in-class bifunctional fusion protein composed of the extracellular domain of the TGF-βRII receptor (a TGF-β "trap") fused to a human immunoglobulin G1 monoclonal antibody that blocks PD-L1. Early clinical trials of bintrafusp alfa have shown promising results in patients with advanced cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Birrer
- Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, University of Arkansas Medical School, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Keiichi Fujiwara
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Ana Oaknin
- Gynaecological Cancer Program, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Leslie Randall
- Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Laureen S Ojalvo
- EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, Inc., Billerica, MA, United States
| | - Christian Valencia
- EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, Inc., Billerica, MA, United States
| | - Isabelle Ray-Coquard
- GINECO Group & Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Leon Berard, University Claude Bernard Lyon, Lyon, France
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Ibrahim M, Abuwatfa WH, Awad NS, Sabouni R, Husseini GA. Encapsulation, Release, and Cytotoxicity of Doxorubicin Loaded in Liposomes, Micelles, and Metal-Organic Frameworks: A Review. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14020254. [PMID: 35213987 PMCID: PMC8875190 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14020254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is one of the most widely used anthracycline anticancer drugs due to its high efficacy and evident antitumoral activity on several cancer types. However, its effective utilization is hindered by the adverse side effects associated with its administration, the detriment to the patients’ quality of life, and general toxicity to healthy fast-dividing cells. Thus, delivering DOX to the tumor site encapsulated inside nanocarrier-based systems is an area of research that has garnered colossal interest in targeted medicine. Nanoparticles can be used as vehicles for the localized delivery and release of DOX, decreasing the effects on neighboring healthy cells and providing more control over the drug’s release and distribution. This review presents an overview of DOX-based nanocarrier delivery systems, covering loading methods, release rate, and the cytotoxicity of liposomal, micellar, and metal organic frameworks (MOFs) platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihad Ibrahim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates; (M.I.); (W.H.A.); (N.S.A.); (R.S.)
| | - Waad H. Abuwatfa
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates; (M.I.); (W.H.A.); (N.S.A.); (R.S.)
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, College of Arts and Sciences, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nahid S. Awad
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates; (M.I.); (W.H.A.); (N.S.A.); (R.S.)
| | - Rana Sabouni
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates; (M.I.); (W.H.A.); (N.S.A.); (R.S.)
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, College of Arts and Sciences, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ghaleb A. Husseini
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates; (M.I.); (W.H.A.); (N.S.A.); (R.S.)
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, College of Arts and Sciences, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +971-6-515-2970
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Feng Y, Wang D, Liu Y, Pang X, Zhang H. Serum levels of vasohibin-1 in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with diabetic retinopathy. Eur J Ophthalmol 2022; 32:2864-2869. [PMID: 35001686 DOI: 10.1177/11206721211073403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
CLINICAL RELEVANCE To determine whether Vasohibin-1 which is a potential clinical biomarker is an independent risk factor in patients with diabetic retinopathy. BACKGROUND Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common chronic microangiopathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Vasohibin-1 (VASH-1) is an angiogenesis regulator that is closely related to pathological vascularization in DM. This study aimed to determine whether the serum levels of VASH-1 were related to the occurrence of DR in T2DM patients. METHODS T2DM patients were divided into three groups: the nondiabetic retinopathy (NDR) group (n = 41), the nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPRD) group (n = 40), and the proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) group (n = 41). A control (CON) group consisting of 40 healthy subjects was also recruited. The serum levels of VASH-1 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. RESULTS The concentration of VASH-1 in the CON groups was less significantly than that of the NDR, NPDR and PDR groups. (P < 0.05). Body mass index, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), hemoglobina1c (HbA1C), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and diabetic durations were positively correlated with the serum concentration of VASH-1 (all P < 0.05). In univariate logistic regression analyses, the HbA1C, diabetic durations, HDL-c, eGFR and VASH1 were associated with the presence of diabetic retinopathy. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that duration of diabetes were significantly associated with diabetic retinopathy. CONCLUSION We have shown that VASH-1 is associated with an increased risk of developing diabetic retinopathy. But the serum levels of VASH-1 are not independent risk factors for DR in T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Feng
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 118221Heze Medical College, No. 1950, Daxue Road, Mudan District, Heze City, Shandong Province 274400, China
| | - Da Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 529858Linyi People's Hospital of Shandong Province
| | - Yan Liu
- 118221Heze Medical College, No. 1950, Daxue Road, Heze City, Shandong Province
| | - Xiangzhong Pang
- 426111Liaocheng People's Hospital of Liaocheng City, Shandong Province
| | - Huijuan Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin 150001, China
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Understanding the Role and Clinical Applications of Exosomes in Gynecologic Malignancies: A Review of the Current Literature. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 14:cancers14010158. [PMID: 35008322 PMCID: PMC8750967 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14010158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Gynecologic malignancies are those that affect the female reproductive organs, including the ovary, uterus, and cervix. Gynecologic malignancies as a group vary significantly in initial clinical presentation, degree and pattern of spread, and treatment modalities. Our knowledge of the role exosomes play in cancer growth and spread is expanding rapidly. The promise these nanovesicles hold in cancer diagnostics and therapeutics is undeniable, and may be the key to improving the diagnosis and treatment of gynecologic cancers. This paper serves to review laboratory techniques utilized in isolating and studying exosomes, the current state of understanding of exosomes in gynecologic malignancies, and the potential for clinical applications that exosomes may hold. Abstract Background: Gynecologic malignancies are those which arise in the female reproductive organs of the ovaries, cervix, and uterus. They carry a great deal of morbidity and mortality for patients, largely due to challenges in diagnosis and treatment of these cancers. Although advances in technology and understanding of these diseases have greatly improved diagnosis, treatment, and ultimately survival for patients with gynecologic malignancies over the last few decades, there is still room for improvements in diagnosis and treatment, for which exosomes may be the key. This paper reviews the current knowledge regarding gynecologic tumor derived-exosomal genetic material and proteins, their role in cancer progression, and their potential for advancing the clinical care of patients with gynecologic cancers through novel diagnostics and therapeutics. Literature Review: Ovarian tumor derived exosome specific proteins are reviewed in detail, discussing their role in ovarian cancer metastasis. The key microRNAs in cervical cancer and their implications in future clinical use are discussed. Additionally, uterine cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF)-derived exosomes which may promote endometrial cancer cell migration and invasion through a specific miR-148b are reviewed. The various laboratory techniques and commercial kits for the isolation of exosomes to allow for their clinical utilization are described as well. Conclusion: Exosomes may be the key to solving many unanswered questions, and closing the gaps so as to improve the outcomes of patients with gynecologic cancers around the world. The potential utilization of the current knowledge of exosomes, as they relate to gynecologic cancers, to advance the field and bridge the gaps in diagnostics and therapeutics highlight the promising future of exosomes in gynecologic malignancies.
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Zhong W, Guo X, He Y, Yasen M, Adilai M, Abudubari H, Abudukadier A, Alifu X. Association between single nucleotide polymorphisms of VEGF gene and pelvic lymph node metastasis in patients with early-stage cervical cancer. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2021; 42:1347-1351. [PMID: 34693869 DOI: 10.1080/01443615.2021.1963691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Cervical cancer patients in early-stage cervical cancer (ECC) were divided into pelvic lymph node (PLN) metastasis and non-PLN metastasis group. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping for the VEGF gene was conducted and plasma VEGF levels were measured. Multivariate analysis was performed to assess the correlation between SNPs of the VEGF gene and PLN metastasis. We found that SNP of the VEGF rs2010963 was independently associated with PLN metastasis. GG and CG genotype had increased susceptibility to PLN metastasis compared with CC genotype, and moreover, OR was higher in GG genotype than in CG genotype. Plasma VEGF levels were lowest in CC genotype, intermediate in GC genotype and highest in GG genotype. In summary, the SNP of the VEGF rs2010963 affected susceptibility to PLN metastasis in patients with ECC, and GG and CG genotype had increased susceptibility compared with CC genotype. The potential mechanism was associated with elevated plasma VEGF levels.Impact StatementWhat is already known on this subject? The positive expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is correlated with higher risk of lymph node metastasis among cervical cancer patients, and VEGF levels of patients with pelvic lymph node (PLN) metastasis are significantly higher than those without PLN metastasis. Additionally, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the VEGF gene have been indicated to be correlated with individual susceptibility to tumours and expression and protein production of VEGF.What do the results of this study add? The SNP of the VEGF rs2010963 was independently associated with PLN metastasis in patients with early-stage cervical cancer (ECC). The GG and CG genotype of the VEGF rs2010963 had increased susceptibility to PLN metastasis compared with CC genotype. Plasma VEGF levels were lowest in the CC genotype, intermediate in the GC genotype and highest in the GG genotype.What are the implications of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? The SNP of the VEGF rs2010963 affected susceptibility to PLN metastasis in patients with ECC, and the potential mechanism was associated with elevated plasma VEGF levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhong
- Gynaecological Oncology Radiotherapy (Inpatient Area 1), The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Xingyan Guo
- School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Yan He
- Department of Gynaecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Maimaiti Yasen
- School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Maimaitimin Adilai
- Department of Gynaecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Hailiqiemu Abudubari
- Medical and Health Management and Service Center of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
| | | | - Xiafukaiti Alifu
- School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
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Che Y, Yang Y, Suo J, Chen C, Wang X. Intratumoral Injection of a Human Papillomavirus Therapeutic Vaccine-Induced Strong Anti-TC-1-Grafted Tumor Activity in Mice. Cancer Manag Res 2021; 13:7339-7354. [PMID: 34584459 PMCID: PMC8464315 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s329471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The route of administration of a therapeutic tumor vaccine is a critical factor in inducing antitumor activity. In this study, we explored the effects of three vaccination routes (subcutaneous, peritumoral, and intratumoral injection) on antitumor activity induced by a human papillomavirus (HPV) therapeutic vaccine containing HPV16 E7 peptide combined with the adjuvant CpG ODN in established TC-1 grafted tumors. Methods We used flow cytometry to evaluate splenic and tumor-infiltrating immune cells. We also assessed transcriptional changes in a sequence of immune-related genes in tumors of different treatment groups using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Immunohistochemistry was used to determine the expression of molecules related to tumor infiltrating immune cells, angiogenesis, and cancer-associated fibroblasts in tumor tissues. Results Our results suggested that intratumoral and peritumoral vaccination generated enhanced antitumor activity compared to subcutaneous delivery. In particular, intratumoral vaccination elicited a stronger antitumor effect, with two of the six treated mice being nearly tumor-free at day 28. Three vaccination routes induced increases in splenic CD4+ and/or CD8+ T lymphocytes, and marked decreases in immunosuppressive cells. Peritumoral vaccination increased the tumor-infiltrating CD8+T cells in tumors, while intratumoral vaccination enhanced the tumor-infiltrating CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes, as well as decreased the tumor-infiltrating of immunosuppressive cells, which may result in stronger inhibition of tumor growth and prolonged survival in mice bearing tumors. Furthermore, compared to the subcutaneous route, intratumoral vaccination led to a significant increase in antitumor cytokines and chemokines. In addition, our data showed marked downregulation of MMP-2, MMP-9, VEGF, CD31, and α-SMA in the intratumoral vaccination group, which might contribute to the suppression of tumor invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Conclusion Overall, intratumoral vaccination is superior to subcutaneous delivery and has the potential to inhibit tumor growth by improving the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Che
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinguo Suo
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang Chen
- Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuelian Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
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Miles X, Vandevoorde C, Hunter A, Bolcaen J. MDM2/X Inhibitors as Radiosensitizers for Glioblastoma Targeted Therapy. Front Oncol 2021; 11:703442. [PMID: 34307171 PMCID: PMC8296304 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.703442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of the MDM2/X-p53 interaction is recognized as a potential anti-cancer strategy, including the treatment of glioblastoma (GB). In response to cellular stressors, such as DNA damage, the tumor suppression protein p53 is activated and responds by mediating cellular damage through DNA repair, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Hence, p53 activation plays a central role in cell survival and the effectiveness of cancer therapies. Alterations and reduced activity of p53 occur in 25-30% of primary GB tumors, but this number increases drastically to 60-70% in secondary GB. As a result, reactivating p53 is suggested as a treatment strategy, either by using targeted molecules to convert the mutant p53 back to its wild type form or by using MDM2 and MDMX (also known as MDM4) inhibitors. MDM2 down regulates p53 activity via ubiquitin-dependent degradation and is amplified or overexpressed in 14% of GB cases. Thus, suppression of MDM2 offers an opportunity for urgently needed new therapeutic interventions for GB. Numerous small molecule MDM2 inhibitors are currently undergoing clinical evaluation, either as monotherapy or in combination with chemotherapy and/or other targeted agents. In addition, considering the major role of both p53 and MDM2 in the downstream signaling response to radiation-induced DNA damage, the combination of MDM2 inhibitors with radiation may offer a valuable therapeutic radiosensitizing approach for GB therapy. This review covers the role of MDM2/X in cancer and more specifically in GB, followed by the rationale for the potential radiosensitizing effect of MDM2 inhibition. Finally, the current status of MDM2/X inhibition and p53 activation for the treatment of GB is given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xanthene Miles
- Radiobiology, Radiation Biophysics Division, Nuclear Medicine Department, iThemba LABS, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Charlot Vandevoorde
- Radiobiology, Radiation Biophysics Division, Nuclear Medicine Department, iThemba LABS, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Alistair Hunter
- Radiobiology Section, Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiation Medicine, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Julie Bolcaen
- Radiobiology, Radiation Biophysics Division, Nuclear Medicine Department, iThemba LABS, Cape Town, South Africa
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Bhat A, Yadav J, Thakur K, Aggarwal N, Tripathi T, Chhokar A, Singh T, Jadli M, Bharti AC. Exosomes from cervical cancer cells facilitate pro-angiogenic endothelial reconditioning through transfer of Hedgehog-GLI signaling components. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:319. [PMID: 34167524 PMCID: PMC8223267 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02026-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Angiogenic switch is a hallmark feature of transition from low-grade to high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) in cervical cancer progression. Therefore, early events leading to locally-advanced cervical metastatic lesions demand a greater understanding of the underlying mechanisms. Recent leads indicate the role of tumor-derived exosomes in altering the functions of endothelial cells in cervical cancer, which needs further investigation. METHODS Exosomes isolated from cervical cancer cell lines were assessed for their angiogenic effect on the human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) using tube formation and wound healing assay. The exosomal uptake by HUVEC cells was monitored using PKH-67 labelling followed by fluorescence microscopy. Alterations in Hh-GLI signaling components, PTCH1 and GLI1, in HUVEC were measured by immunoblotting. Changes in angiogenesis-related transcripts of vascular endothelial growth factor VEGF-A, VEGF-B, VEGFR2 and angiopoietin-1, angiopoietin-2, osteopontin were measured in exosome-treated HUVEC and in the exosomal RNA by RT-PCR. RESULTS Enhanced tube formation, with an increased number of nodes and branching was observed in HUVEC's treated with exosomes derived from different cervical cancer cell lines. HPV-positive (SiHa and HeLa) cells' exosomes were more angiogenic. Exosome-treated HUVEC showed increased migration rate. PKH-67 labelled exosomes were found internalized in HUVEC. A high level of PTCH1 protein was detected in the exosome-treated endothelial cells. Subsequent RT-PCR analysis showed increased transcripts of Hh-GLI downstream target genes VEGF-A, VEGFR2, angiopoietin-2, and decreased expression of VEGF-B, and angiopoietin-1, suggestive of active Hh-GLI signaling. These effects were more pronounced in HUVEC's treated with exosomes of HPV-positive cells. However, these effects were independent of tumor-derived VEGF-A as exosomal cargo lacked VEGF-A transcripts or proteins. CONCLUSION Overall, the data showed cervical cancer exosomes promote pro-angiogenic response in endothelial cells via upregulation of Hh-GLI signaling and modulate downstream angiogenesis-related target genes. The study provides a novel exosome-mediated mechanism potentially favoring cervical angiogenesis and thus identifies the exosomes as potential pharmacological targets against locally-advanced metastatic cervical lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Bhat
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Joni Yadav
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Kulbhushan Thakur
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Nikita Aggarwal
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Tanya Tripathi
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Arun Chhokar
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Tejveer Singh
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Mohit Jadli
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Alok Chandra Bharti
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), Delhi, 110007, India.
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De Nola R, Loizzi V, Cicinelli E, Cormio G. Dynamic crosstalk within the tumor microenvironment of uterine cervical carcinoma: baseline network, iatrogenic alterations, and translational implications. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2021; 162:103343. [PMID: 33930531 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2021.103343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Uterine cervical cancer is the fourth most frequent gynecological tumor worldwide. The tumor microenvironment of cervical cancer is the result of persistent high-risk human papillomavirus infection together with stromal activation of estrogen receptor alpha and the pro-angiogenic and pro-inflammatory activity of immune cells, mainly T-helper 17 cells and tumor-associated macrophages. Therapeutic management (e.g., immunotherapy, especially in advanced cases) may be influenced by the translational implications of tumoral stroma crosstalk and an abundance of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes within the tumor microenvironment. The prognosis of cervical cancer is inversely correlated with microvessel density, making anti-angiogenic strategies with agents such as bevacizumab crucial for improving both progression-free survival and overall survival in patients with advanced and recurrent tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalba De Nola
- Department of Tissues and Organs Transplantation and Cellular Therapies, D.E.O.T., University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Piazza G. Cesare, 11-Policlinico, 70124, Bari, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Human Oncological Science, Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Piazza G. Cesare, 11-Policlinico, 70124, Bari, Italy; Gynecologic Oncology Unit, IRCCS, Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, 70142, Bari, Italy.
| | - Vera Loizzi
- Department of Biomedical and Human Oncological Science, Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Piazza G. Cesare, 11-Policlinico, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Ettore Cicinelli
- Department of Biomedical and Human Oncological Science, Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Piazza G. Cesare, 11-Policlinico, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Gennaro Cormio
- Department of Biomedical and Human Oncological Science, Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Piazza G. Cesare, 11-Policlinico, 70124, Bari, Italy; Gynecologic Oncology Unit, IRCCS, Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, 70142, Bari, Italy
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Carrero YN, Callejas DE, Mosquera JA. In situ immunopathological events in human cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer: Review. Transl Oncol 2021; 14:101058. [PMID: 33677234 PMCID: PMC7937982 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2021.101058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Neoplasia of the cervix represents one of the most common cancers in women. Clinical and molecular research has identified immunological impairment in squamous intraepithelial cervical lesions and cervical cancer patients. The in-situ expression of several cytokines by uterine epithelial cells and by infiltrating leukocytes occurs during the cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer. Some of these cytokines can prevent and others can induce the progression of the neoplasm. The infiltrating leukocytes also produce cytokines and growth factors relate to angiogenesis, chemotaxis, and apoptosis capable of modulating the dysplasia progression. In this review we analyzed several interleukins with an inductive effect or blocking effect on the neoplastic progression. We also analyze the genetic polymorphism of some cytokines and their relationship with the risk of developing cervical neoplasia. In addition, we describe the leukocyte cells that infiltrate the cervical uterine tissue during the neoplasia and their effects on neoplasia progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yenddy N Carrero
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud. Carrera de Medicina, Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Ambato, Ecuador.
| | - Diana E Callejas
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Técnica de Manabí, Portoviejo, Ecuador.
| | - Jesús A Mosquera
- Instituto de Investigaciones Clínicas Dr. Américo Negrette. Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Zulia. Maracaibo, Venezuela.
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21
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Chuai Y, Rizzuto I, Zhang X, Li Y, Dai G, Otter SJ, Bharathan R, Stewart A, Wang A. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) targeting therapy for persistent, recurrent, or metastatic cervical cancer. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2021; 3:CD013348. [PMID: 33661538 PMCID: PMC8428759 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd013348.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cervical cancer ranks as the fourth leading cause of death from cancer in women. Historically, women with metastatic or recurrent cervical cancer have had limited treatment options. New anti-angiogenesis therapies, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) targeting agents, offer an alternative strategy to conventional chemotherapy; they act by inhibiting the growth of new blood vessels, thereby restricting tumour growth by blocking the blood supply. OBJECTIVES To assess the benefits and harms of VEGF targeting agents in the management of persistent, recurrent, or metastatic cervical cancer. SEARCH METHODS We performed searches of the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, Embase, online registers of clinical trials, and abstracts of scientific meetings up until 27 May 2020. SELECTION CRITERIA We examined randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated the use of VEGF targeting agents alone or in combination with conventional chemotherapy or other VEGF targeting agents. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Three review authors independently screened the results of search strategies, extracted data, assessed risk of bias, and analysed data according to the standard methods expected by Cochrane. The certainty of evidence was assessed via the GRADE approach. MAIN RESULTS A total of 1634 records were identified. From these, we identified four studies with a total of 808 participants for inclusion. We also identified two studies that were awaiting classification and nine ongoing studies. Bevacizumab plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy Treatment with bevacizumab plus chemotherapy may result in lower risk of death compared to chemotherapy alone (hazard ratio (HR) 0.77, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.62 to 0.95; 1 study, 452 participants; low-certainty evidence). However, there are probably more specific adverse events when compared to chemotherapy alone, including gastrointestinal perforations or fistulae (risk ratio (RR) 18.00, 95% CI 2.42 to 133.67; 1 study, 440 participants; moderate-certainty evidence); serious thromboembolic events (RR 4.5, 95% CI 1.55 to 13.08; 1 study, 440 participants; moderate-certainty evidence); and hypertension (RR 13.75, 95% CI 5.07 to 37.29; 1 study, 440 participants; moderate-certainty evidence). There may also be a higher incidence of serious haemorrhage (RR 5.00, 95% CI 1.11 to 22.56; 1 study, 440 participants; low-certainty evidence). In addition, the incidence of serious adverse events is probably higher (RR 1.44, 95% CI 1.16 to 1.79; 1 study, 439 participants; moderate-certainty evidence). The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was USD 295,164 per quality-adjusted life-year (1 study, 452 participants; low-certainty evidence). Cediranib plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy Treatment with cediranib plus chemotherapy may or may not result in similar risk of death when compared to chemotherapy alone (HR 0.94, 95% CI 0.53 to 1.65; 1 study, 69 participants; low-certainty evidence). We found very uncertain results for the incidences of specific adverse events, including gastrointestinal perforations or fistulae (RR 3.27, 95% CI 0.14 to 77.57; 1 study, 67 participants; very low-certainty evidence); serious haemorrhage (RR 5.45, 95% CI 0.27 to 109.49; 1 study, 67 participants; very low-certainty evidence); serious thromboembolic events (RR 3.41, 95% CI 0.14 to 80.59; 1 study, 60 participants; very low-certainty evidence); and serious hypertension (RR 0.36, 95% CI 0.02 to 8.62; 1 study, 67 participants; very low-certainty evidence). In addition, there may or may not be a similar incidence of serious adverse events compared to chemotherapy alone (RR 1.15, 95% CI 0.75 to 1.78; 1 study, 67 participants; low-certainty evidence). Apatinib plus chemotherapy or chemotherapy/brachytherapy versus chemotherapy or chemotherapy/brachytherapy Treatment with apatinib plus chemotherapy or chemotherapy/brachytherapy may or may not result in similar risk of death compared to chemotherapy alone or chemotherapy/brachytherapy alone (HR 0.90, 95% CI 0.51 to 1.60; 1 study, 52 participants; low-certainty evidence). However, hypertension events may occur at a higher incidence as compared to chemotherapy alone or chemotherapy/brachytherapy alone (RR 5.14, 95% CI 1.28 to 20.73; 1 study, 52 participants; low-certainty evidence). Pazopanib plus lapatinib versus lapatinib Treatment with pazopanib plus lapatinib may result in higher risk of death compared to lapatinib alone (HR 2.71, 95% CI 1.16 to 6.31; 1 study, 117 participants; low-certainty evidence). We found very uncertain results for the incidences of specific adverse events, including gastrointestinal perforations or fistulae (RR 2.00, 95% CI 0.19 to 21.59; 1 study, 152 participants; very low-certainty evidence); haemorrhage (RR 2.00, 95% CI 0.72 to 5.58; 1 study, 152 participants; very low-certainty evidence); and thromboembolic events (RR 3.00, 95% CI 0.12 to 72.50; 1 study, 152 participants; very low-certainty evidence). In addition, the incidence of hypertension events is probably higher (RR 12.00, 95% CI 2.94 to 49.01; 1 study, 152 participants; moderate-certainty evidence). There may or may not be a similar incidence of serious adverse events as compared to lapatinib alone (RR 1.45, 95% CI 0.94 to 2.26; 1 study, 152 participants; low-certainty evidence). Pazopanib versus lapatinib Treatment with pazopanib may or may not result in similar risk of death as compared to lapatinib (HR 0.96, 95% CI 0.67 to 1.38; 1 study, 152 participants; low-certainty evidence). We found very uncertain results for the incidences of specific adverse events, including gastrointestinal perforations or fistulae (RR 1.03, 95% CI 0.07 to 16.12; 1 study, 150 participants; very low-certainty evidence); haemorrhage (RR 1.03, 95% CI 0.31 to 3.40; 1 study, 150 participants; very low-certainty evidence); and thromboembolic events (RR 3.08, 95% CI 0.13 to 74.42; 1 study, 150 participants; very low-certainty evidence). In addition, the incidence of hypertension events is probably higher (RR 11.81, 95% CI 2.89 to 48.33; 1 study, 150 participants; moderate-certainty evidence). The risk of serious adverse events may or may not be similar as compared to lapatinib (RR 1.31, 95% CI 0.83 to 2.07; 1 study, 150 participants; low-certainty evidence). AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS We found low-certainty evidence in favour of the use of bevacizumab plus chemotherapy. However, bevacizumab probably increases specific adverse events (gastrointestinal perforations or fistulae, thromboembolic events, hypertension) and serious adverse events. We found low-certainty evidence that does not support the use of cediranib plus chemotherapy, apatinib plus chemotherapy, apatinib plus chemotherapy/brachytherapy, or pazopanib monotherapy. We found low-certainty evidence suggesting that pazopanib plus lapatinib worsens outcomes. The VEGF inhibitors apatinib and pazopanib may increase the probability of hypertension events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhai Chuai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sixth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Chinese PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Ivana Rizzuto
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Xia Zhang
- Chinese PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
- Department of Oncology, Fifth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Li
- Chinese PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
- Department of Oncology, Fifth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Guanghai Dai
- Chinese PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
- Department of Oncology, Fifth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | | | - Rasiah Bharathan
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | | | - Aiming Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sixth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Chinese PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
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22
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Therapeutic Potential of Natural Products in Treatment of Cervical Cancer: A Review. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13010154. [PMID: 33466408 PMCID: PMC7824868 DOI: 10.3390/nu13010154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer among women worldwide. Though several natural products have been reported regarding their efficacies against cervical cancer, there has been no review article that categorized them according to their anti-cancer mechanisms. In this study, anti-cancerous natural products against cervical cancer were collected using Pubmed (including Medline) and google scholar, published within three years. Their mechanisms were categorized as induction of apoptosis, inhibition of angiogenesis, inhibition of metastasis, reduction of resistance, and regulation of miRNAs. A total of 64 natural products suppressed cervical cancer. Among them, Penicillium sclerotiorum extracts from Cassia fistula L., ethanol extracts from Bauhinia variegate candida, thymoquinone obtained from Nigella sativa, lipid-soluble extracts of Pinellia pedatisecta Schott., and 1'S-1'-acetoxychavicol extracted from Alpinia conchigera have been shown to have multi-effects against cervical cancer. In conclusion, natural products could be attractive candidates for novel anti-cancer drugs.
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23
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Yetkin-Arik B, Kastelein AW, Klaassen I, Jansen CHJR, Latul YP, Vittori M, Biri A, Kahraman K, Griffioen AW, Amant F, Lok CAR, Schlingemann RO, van Noorden CJF. Angiogenesis in gynecological cancers and the options for anti-angiogenesis therapy. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2020; 1875:188446. [PMID: 33058997 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is required in cancer, including gynecological cancers, for the growth of primary tumors and secondary metastases. Development of anti-angiogenesis therapy in gynecological cancers and improvement of its efficacy have been a major focus of fundamental and clinical research. However, survival benefits of current anti-angiogenic agents, such as bevacizumab, in patients with gynecological cancer, are modest. Therefore, a better understanding of angiogenesis and the tumor microenvironment in gynecological cancers is urgently needed to develop more effective anti-angiogenic therapies, either or not in combination with other therapeutic approaches. We describe the molecular aspects of (tumor) blood vessel formation and the tumor microenvironment and provide an extensive clinical overview of current anti-angiogenic therapies for gynecological cancers. We discuss the different phenotypes of angiogenic endothelial cells as potential therapeutic targets, strategies aimed at intervention in their metabolism, and approaches targeting their (inflammatory) tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahar Yetkin-Arik
- Ocular Angiogenesis Group, Department of Ophthalmology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Medical Biology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Arnoud W Kastelein
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Ingeborg Klaassen
- Ocular Angiogenesis Group, Department of Ophthalmology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Medical Biology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Charlotte H J R Jansen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Yani P Latul
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Miloš Vittori
- Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Aydan Biri
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Koru Ankara Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Korhan Kahraman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bahcesehir University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Arjan W Griffioen
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam UMC, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Frederic Amant
- Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Center for Gynaecological Oncology, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Center for Gynaecological Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Center for Gynaecological Oncology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Christianne A R Lok
- Center for Gynaecological Oncology, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Reinier O Schlingemann
- Ocular Angiogenesis Group, Department of Ophthalmology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Lausanne, Jules-Gonin Eye Hospital, Fondation Asile des Aveugles, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Cornelis J F van Noorden
- Department of Medical Biology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Genetic Toxicology and Cancer Biology, National Institute of Biology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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24
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Patel KA, Patel BM, Thobias AR, Gokani RA, Chhikara AB, Desai AD, Patel PS. Overexpression of VEGF165 is associated with poor prognosis of cervical cancer. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2020; 46:2397-2406. [PMID: 32985053 DOI: 10.1111/jog.14483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cervical cancer is a major health hazard to Indian women. Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is an established risk factor for cervical carcinogenesis. However, understanding the cervical cancer biology beyond HPV infection is very crucial to predict aggressive behavior, prognosis, treatment response and survival. In the present study, we explored the role of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) isoforms, VEGFC and VEGFD in cervical cancer progression and its association with HPV 16 and 18 infections. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 110 cervical cancer tissues and 50 normal cervical tissues were collected for the study. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was employed to analyze tissue VEGFA isoforms, VEGFC and VEGFD expression. RESULTS VEGF165 was significantly higher, whereas VEGFC and VEGFD were significantly lower in malignant cervical carcinoma tissues as compared to normal cervix tissues. Expression levels of VEGF121 and VEGFC were significantly associated with type of tumor growth while VEGF165 was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis. VEGF165 transcript levels were significantly higher in patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and developed recurrence. Most strikingly, higher VEGF165 expression was significantly associated with worst disease-free survival (DFS) specifically in patients with SCC. CONCLUSION Association of VEGF165 with lymph node metastasis, disease recurrence and worst DFS indicated that VEGF165 is an important prognostic factor in cervical carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinjal A Patel
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Cancer Biology Department, The Gujarat Cancer & Research Institute, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Bijal M Patel
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, The Gujarat Cancer & Research Institute, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Ashi R Thobias
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Cancer Biology Department, The Gujarat Cancer & Research Institute, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Riddhi A Gokani
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Cancer Biology Department, The Gujarat Cancer & Research Institute, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Archana Bharti Chhikara
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, The Gujarat Cancer & Research Institute, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Ava D Desai
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, The Gujarat Cancer & Research Institute, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Prabhudas S Patel
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Cancer Biology Department, The Gujarat Cancer & Research Institute, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
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25
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Redondo A, Colombo N, McCormack M, Dreosti L, Nogueira-Rodrigues A, Scambia G, Lorusso D, Joly F, Schenker M, Ruff P, Estevez-Diz M, Irahara N, Donica M, Gonzalez-Martín A. Primary results from CECILIA, a global single-arm phase II study evaluating bevacizumab, carboplatin and paclitaxel for advanced cervical cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2020; 159:142-149. [PMID: 32763109 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2020.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Adding bevacizumab to cisplatin-paclitaxel for advanced cervical cancer significantly improves overall and progression-free survival. We evaluated bevacizumab with a widely used carboplatin-paclitaxel backbone. METHODS Patients with metastatic/recurrent/persistent cervical cancer not amenable to curative surgery and/or radiotherapy received 3-weekly bevacizumab 15 mg/kg, paclitaxel 175 mg/m2, and carboplatin AUC 5 until progression or unacceptable toxicity. Maintenance bevacizumab was allowed. Patients with ongoing bladder/rectal involvement, prior cobalt radiotherapy, a history of fistula/gastrointestinal perforation, or recent bowel resection/chemoradiation were excluded. The primary objective was to determine incidences of gastrointestinal perforation/fistula, gastrointestinal-vaginal fistula, and genitourinary fistula. RESULTS Among 150 treated patients, disease at study entry was persistent in 21%, recurrent in 56%, and newly diagnosed metastatic in 23%. After 27.8 months' median follow-up, median bevacizumab duration was 6.7 months; 57% received maintenance bevacizumab. Seventeen patients (11.3%; 95% CI: 6.7-17.5%) experienced ≥1 perforation/fistula event: gastrointestinal perforation/fistula in 4.7% (1.9-9.4%), gastrointestinal-vaginal fistula in 4.0% (1.5-8.5%), and genitourinary fistula in 4.7% (1.9-9.4%). Of these, 16 were previously irradiated, several with ongoing radiation effects. The most common grade 3/4 adverse events were neutropenia (25%), anemia (19%), and hypertension (14%). Five patients (3%) had fatal adverse events. Objective response rate was 61% (95% CI: 52-69%), median progression-free survival was 10.9 (10.1-13.7) months, and median overall survival was 25.0 (20.9-30.4) months. CONCLUSIONS Bevacizumab can be combined with carboplatin-paclitaxel in the CECILIA study population. The fistula/gastrointestinal perforation incidence is in line with GOG-0240; efficacy results are encouraging. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT02467907 (ClinicalTrials.gov).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicoletta Colombo
- European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Mary McCormack
- Department of Oncology, University College London Hospitals, London, UK
| | - Lydia Dreosti
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Angelica Nogueira-Rodrigues
- Medical Oncology Department, Federal University of Minas Gerais Brazil and Brazilian Group of Gynecologic Oncology, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Domenica Lorusso
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Paul Ruff
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Witwatersrand Faculty of Health Sciences, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Maria Estevez-Diz
- Instituto do Cancer do Estado de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Natsumi Irahara
- Product Development Medical Affairs, F Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Margarita Donica
- Pharma Development Biostatistics Oncology, F Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
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26
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Zhao C, Pu Y, Zhang H, Hu X, Zhang R, He S, Zhao Q, Mu B. IL10-modified Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells inhibit Pancreatic Cancer growth through Angiogenesis Inhibition. J Cancer 2020; 11:5345-5352. [PMID: 32742480 PMCID: PMC7391191 DOI: 10.7150/jca.38062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we constructed the recombinant plasmid IL10-PEGFP-C1 and successfully transfected into human mesenchymal stem cells. After culturing for 72 h, the levels of IL6 and TNF-α in the supernatant of the MSCs-IL10 group were significantly lower than the vector group and the control group (17.6 ± 0.68vs73.8 ± 0.8 and 74.4 ± 1.5) µg/L and (65.05 ± 3.8 vs 203.2 ± 2.4 and 201.3 ± 3.7) µg/L, respectively (p < 0.001) .The animal experiments showed that the volume of subcutaneous tumors in the MSCs-IL10 group in vivo was a significantly less level compared to that in MSC control and the blank control groups (76.84 ± 20.11) mm3 vs (518. 344 ± 48.66) mm3, (576.99± 49.88) mm3, (P < 0. 05) and they have a longer life time. Further we found the mass concentrations of IL6 and TNF-α in the blood serum of MSC-IL10 group were lower than the vector group and the control group (64.42 ± 10.9 vs120.83 ± 15.52 and 122.65 ± 13.71) and (40.05 ± 5.63 vs 126.78 ±1.89 and 105.83 ± 2.16) µg/L respectively (p < 0.001). CD31 immunohistochemistry and alginate encapsulation experiments showed tumor angiogenesis were inhibited in MSCs-IL10 group in comparison to the control and vector group (P < 0.001), FITC-labeled dextran intake was also lower than the other groups (P < 0.01). Collectively, this study suggested IL10 could inhibit the growth of the transplanted tumor in vivo and prolong survival of mice, and the primary mechanism may be the indirect inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL6 and TNF-α secretion and tumor angiogenesis formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Zhao
- Sicuhan Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical University 637000, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yu Pu
- Sicuhan Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical University 637000, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Haidi Zhang
- School of Preclinical Medicine, North Sichuan Medical University 637000, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xianhua Hu
- School of Preclinical Medicine, North Sichuan Medical University 637000, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Rendan Zhang
- School of Preclinical Medicine, North Sichuan Medical University 637000, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Shuai He
- Department of Clinical Medicine, North Sichuan Medical University 637000, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Department of Clinical Medicine, North Sichuan Medical University 637000, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Bo Mu
- Sicuhan Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical University 637000, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, China.,School of Preclinical Medicine, North Sichuan Medical University 637000, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, China
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27
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Che Y, Yang Y, Suo J, An Y, Wang X. Induction of systemic immune responses and reversion of immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment by a therapeutic vaccine for cervical cancer. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2020; 69:2651-2664. [PMID: 32607768 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-020-02651-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the most common malignant tumor of the genital tract in females worldwide. Persistent human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is closely associated with the occurrence of cervical cancer. No licensed therapeutic HPV vaccines for cervical cancer are currently available. In our previous study, we demonstrated that the vaccine containing the HPV16 E7 43-77 peptide and the adjuvant unmethylated cytosine-phosphate-guanosine oligodeoxynucleotide elicited significant prophylactic and therapeutic effects on cervical cancer. In the current study, we comprehensively evaluated the effect of the vaccine on systemic immune responses and the tumor microenvironment (TME) in a mouse model of cervical cancer. The results showed that the administration of the vaccine induced a significant increase in splenic IFN-γ-producing CD4 and CD8 T cells as well as tumor infiltrating CD4 and CD8 T cells. Moreover, marked decreases in splenic MDSCs and Tregs as well as intratumoral MDSCs, Tregs and type 2-polarized tumor-associated macrophages were observed in the vaccine group. The profile of cytokines, chemokines and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in the TME revealed significantly increased expression of IL-2, IL-12, TNF-α, IFN-γ, CCL-20, CXCL-9, CXCL-10 and CXCL-14 and decreased expression of IL-6, IL-10, TGF-β, CCL-2, CCL-3, CCL-5, CXCL-8, MMP-2, MMP-9 and VEGF in the vaccine group. The expression of the cell proliferation indicator Ki67, apoptosis regulatory protein p53 and angiogenesis marker CD31 was significantly decreased in the vaccine group. In conclusion, the vaccine reversed tolerogenic systemic and local TME immunosuppression and induced robust antitumor immune responses, which resulted in the inhibition of established implanted tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Che
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Jinguo Suo
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Yujing An
- School of Public Health, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, China
| | - Xuelian Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, China.
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28
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Dorababu A. Pharmacology Profile of Recently Developed Multi‐Functional Azoles; SAR‐Based Predictive Structural Modification. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202000294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Atukuri Dorababu
- Department of Studies in ChemistrySRMPP Govt. First Grade College Huvinahadagali 583219, Karnataka India
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Sharma S, Deep A, Rana AC, Yadav M, Sharma AK. Possible Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets for the Management of Cervical Cancer. CURRENT CANCER THERAPY REVIEWS 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1573394715666190126142508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Introduction:
Cervical cancer is the most prevalent cancer in the world due to unusual
extension of cervical cell. Cervical cancer occurs due to exposure of HPV (Human papillomavirus).
According to WHO, it is the 4th most ordinary cancer in women. In 2018, approx 6.6% of
population was affected around the world and 570,000 new cases were reported. In low and
middle-income countries, 90% of cervical cancer deaths occur.
Methods:
Despite various factors that cause cervical cancer are included exposure to HPV,
dysregulation of CASPASE enzyme, elevated expression of IAPs (Inhibitor apoptotic protein), E6
and E7 gene of HPV, inhibition of p53, BAK, p16 upregulation, CDK-inactivation causing cervical
cancer, role of VEGF, role of estrogen and its receptor in cervical cancer.
Results:
Cervical cancer can be screened by Pep test. There are various therapies that can be used
to treat cervical cancer. As these therapies have various side effects, so the world is moving to
herbal formulations to treat cervical cancer.
Conclusion:
In this study, we will discuss cervical cancer, its cause, symptoms, pathophysiology
and treatments. Early screening and detection can help in reducing the overall burden of cervical
cancer in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sombeer Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chaudhary Bansi Lal University, Bhiwani-127021, Haryana, India
| | - Aakash Deep
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chaudhary Bansi Lal University, Bhiwani-127021, Haryana, India
| | - Avtar C. Rana
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chaudhary Bansi Lal University, Bhiwani-127021, Haryana, India
| | - Monu Yadav
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chaudhary Bansi Lal University, Bhiwani-127021, Haryana, India
| | - Arun K. Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Gurugram, Haryana 122051, India
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Duenas-Gonzalez A, Gonzalez-Fierro A. Pharmacodynamics of current and emerging treatments for cervical cancer. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2019; 15:671-682. [DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2019.1648431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Duenas-Gonzalez
- Unit of Biomedical Research on Cancer, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas UNAM/Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City, Mexico
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Wu XG, Zhou CF, Zhang YM, Yan RM, Wei WF, Chen XJ, Yi HY, Liang LJ, Fan LS, Liang L, Wu S, Wang W. Cancer-derived exosomal miR-221-3p promotes angiogenesis by targeting THBS2 in cervical squamous cell carcinoma. Angiogenesis 2019; 22:397-410. [PMID: 30993566 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-019-09665-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Recently, cancer-derived exosomes were shown to have pro-metastasis function in cancer, but the mechanism remains unclear. Angiogenesis is essential for tumor progression and is a great promising therapeutic target for advanced cervical cancer. Here, we investigated the role of cervical cancer cell-secreted exosomal miR-221-3p in tumor angiogenesis. METHODS AND RESULTS miR-221-3p was found to be closely correlated with microvascular density in cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) by evaluating the microvascular density with immunohistochemistry and miR-221-3p expression with in situ hybridization in clinical specimens. Using the groups of CSCC cell lines (SiHa and C33A) with miR-221-3p overexpression and silencing, the CSCC exosomes were characterized by electron microscopy, western blotting, and fluorescence microscopy. The enrichment of miR-221-3p in CSCC exosomes and its transfer into human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were confirmed by qRT-PCR. CSCC exosomal miR-221-3p promoted angiogenesis in vitro in Matrigel tube formation assay, spheroid sprouting assay, migration assay, and wound healing assay. Then, exosome intratumoral injection indicated that CSCC exosomal miR-221-3p promoted tumor growth in vivo. Thrombospondin-2 (THBS2) was bioinformatically predicted to be a direct target of miR-221-3p, and this was verified by using the in vitro and in vivo experiments described above. Additionally, overexpression of THBS2 in HUVECs rescued the angiogenic function of miR-221-3p. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that CSCC exosomes transport miR-221-3p from cancer cells to vessel endothelial cells and promote angiogenesis by downregulating THBS2. Therefore, CSCC-derived exosomal miR-221-3p could be a possible novel diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for CSCC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Guang Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 510120, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chen-Fei Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 510120, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan-Mei Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui-Ming Yan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital/The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Fei Wei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital/The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital/The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong-Yan Yi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital/The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, China
| | - Luo-Jiao Liang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital/The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang-Sheng Fan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 510120, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Liang
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital/The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Sha Wu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 510120, Guangzhou, China. .,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital/The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, 510515, Guangzhou, China.
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Vasculogenic Mimicry Formation Is Associated with Erythropoietin Expression but Not with Erythropoietin Receptor Expression in Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:1934195. [PMID: 30915348 PMCID: PMC6409067 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1934195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Revised: 12/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Vasculogenic mimicry (VM), as an endothelium-independent cancer microcirculation, has been observed in many malignancies including cervical cancer. Erythropoietin (EPO) and erythropoietin receptor (EPO-R) could produce an angiogenic effect to promote cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) progression. However, the association between VM formation and EPO/EPO-R expression in CSCC is poorly explored. Methods Seventy-six paraffin-embedded CSCC samples, 25 high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) samples, 20 low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) samples, and 20 normal cervix samples were collected. Immunohistochemistry SP method was performed to detect EPO/EPO-R expression and CD31/periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) double staining was performed to detect VM formation. The associations of EPO/EPO-R and VM with clinicopathological parameters of CSCC were analyzed. The associations between VM formation and EPO/EPO-R expression were also analyzed. Results The positive expression rates of EPO and EPO-R were gradually increasing along the progression of normal cervix-LSIL-HSIL-CSCC sequence (P<0.05). EPO and EPO-R expression were not significantly associated with clinicopathological parameters of CSCC patients (P>0.05). VM was significantly associated with FIGO stage, lymphovascular space involvement, and lymph node metastasis (P<0.05). VM was positively associated with EPO expression (r=0.284, P<0.05) but was not associated with EPO-R expression (P>0.05). Conclusion These data suggest that increased EPO/EPO-R expression may play an important role in cervical carcinogenesis. EPO overexpression may promote VM formation in CSCC.
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Elsayed NM, Serya RA, Tolba MF, Ahmed M, Barakat K, Abou El Ella DA, Abouzid KA. Design, synthesis, biological evaluation and dynamics simulation of indazole derivatives with antiangiogenic and antiproliferative anticancer activity. Bioorg Chem 2019; 82:340-359. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.10.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Zhao J, Wen D, Jiang W, Song J, Yang J, Gao X, Xue H, Wang L. Angiogenin negatively regulates the expression of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and inhibits bFGF promoter activity. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2018; 11:3277-3285. [PMID: 31949702 PMCID: PMC6962887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Research focused on angiogenin and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) was expected to identify means to inhibit tumor growth and metastasis. However, interactions exist between the two angiogenic factors, and the overall mechanism is still not clear. To explore the mechanism by which angiogenin regulates the expression of bFGF, RT-PCR and western blot were performed to analyze bFGF expression. Nuclear translocation of angiogenin was investigated by immunofluorescence staining and immune electron microscopy. Site-directed mutagenesis, reporter gene assays, and electrophoretic gel mobility shift assay (EMSA) were applied to investigate the promoter activity. The results showed that angiogenin negatively regulates bFGF expression in HeLa cells. Angiogenin undergoes nuclear translocation, and an angiogenin binding site (CTCTCTCT) on the bFGF promoter was identified. bFGF promoter activity was inhibited by angiogenin. Angiogenin and bFGF are two potent and representative angiogenesis factors, that play an important role in tumor angiogenesis and development. These mechanisms guide us to further investigate the effect of angiogenin and bFGF on tumor growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Zhao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin UniversityChangchun 130021, P. R. China
| | - Dezhong Wen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin UniversityChangchun 130021, P. R. China
| | - Wenhua Jiang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin UniversityChangchun 130021, P. R. China
| | - Jinna Song
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin UniversityChangchun 130021, P. R. China
| | - Jianli Yang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin UniversityChangchun 130021, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Institute of Genetics and Cytology, School of Life Science, Northeast Normal UniversityChangchun 130021, P. R. China
| | - Hui Xue
- Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin UniversityChangchun 130021, P. R. China
| | - Li Wang
- Institute of Genetics and Cytology, School of Life Science, Northeast Normal UniversityChangchun 130021, P. R. China
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Chellappan DK, Leng KH, Jia LJ, Aziz NABA, Hoong WC, Qian YC, Ling FY, Wei GS, Ying T, Chellian J, Gupta G, Dua K. The role of bevacizumab on tumour angiogenesis and in the management of gynaecological cancers: A review. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 102:1127-1144. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.03.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Lv Q, Zhong W, Ye X, Lv Y, Liu H, Yan G, Chen D. Expression of Angiopoietin and VEGF in Cervical Cancer and its Clinical Significance. Open Life Sci 2018; 13:527-532. [PMID: 33817123 PMCID: PMC7874711 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2018-0063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of Angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1), Angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in cervical cancer and its clinical significance. METHODS Immunohistochemical assay was used to examine the expression of Ang-1/2 and VEGF in tumor tissue from 56 cervical squamous cell carcinoma patients treated with operation only (SCC-O group), as well as 51 subjects with cervical squamous cell carcinoma treated with neoadjuvant radiotherapy (SCC-RCO group, n=28) or neoadjuvant chemotherapy (SCC-CO group, n=23). Both microvessel density (MVD) and lymphatic vessel density (LVD) were examined in the three groups through detection of CD34 and D2-40 expression in respective tissue samples. RESULTS With the progression of cervical cancer, the positive expression scores of Ang-2 and VEGF were significantly increased (p<0.05). Compared with surgical intervention, neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy significantly reduced the positive expression scores of Ang-1, Ang-2, and VEGF in cervical cancer tissues (p<0.05). The MVD values of the SCC-CO and SCC-RO groups were significantly reduced as compared to the SCC-O group (p<0.05). Similarly, the LVD values of the SCC-CO and SCC-RO groups were also significantly reduced when compared to those of the SCC-O group (p<0.05). However, LVD values of the SCC-CO and SCC-RO groups were not statistical different (p>0.05). CONCLUSION Ang-1, Ang-2 and VEGF may play an important role in the development of cervical cancer. Mutual synergism of Ang-2 and VEGF demonstrated a close relationship with the generation of cervical blood and lymphatic vessels. Cervical cancer radiotherapy and chemotherapy could significantly inhibit the formation of blood vessels and lymphatic vessels in tumor tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyuan Lv
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, LishuiPeople’s Hospital Zhejiang Province 323000PR China
| | - Weijuan Zhong
- No. 15 Dazhong Road Liandu DistrictLishui CityZhejiang Province 323000PR China
| | - Xiabin Ye
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, LishuiPeople’s Hospital Zhejiang Province 323000PR China
| | - Yang Lv
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, LishuiPeople’s Hospital Zhejiang Province 323000PR China
| | - Haiying Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, LishuiPeople’s Hospital Zhejiang Province 323000PR China
| | - Guizhen Yan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, LishuiPeople’s Hospital Zhejiang Province 323000PR China
| | - Diwen Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, LishuiPeople’s Hospital Zhejiang Province 323000PR China
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Xiao J, Zhou J, Fu M, Liang L, Deng Q, Liu X, Liu F. Efficacy of recombinant human adenovirus-p53 combined with chemotherapy for locally advanced cervical cancer: A clinical trial. Oncol Lett 2017; 13:3676-3680. [PMID: 28529585 PMCID: PMC5431581 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.5901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of recombinant human adenovirus-p53 (rhAd-p53) combined with neoadjuvant chemotherapy in treatment of locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC). A total of 40 patients with LACC (stage IB2 to IIIA) were randomized into 2 groups (n=20 each): PVB group (cisplatin + vincristine + bleomycin, intravenously) and combined group (rhAd-p53 gene therapy + neoadjuvant chemotherapy). Both groups underwent a course of chemotherapy; the only exception was the injection of the rhAd-p53 solution 1×1012 VP intratumorally at an interval of three days thrice in the combined group thereafter. The tumor sizes and adverse events in both groups were observed. The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), protein p53 and micro-vessel density (MVD) in tumor tissue was respectively determined by immunohistochemistry. The evaluation was performed three weeks after the completion of chemotherapy. The efficacy was 75% in the PVB group versus 95% efficacy in the combined group; the tumor size was reduced by 11.42±2.78 cm2 in PVB group versus the significant shrinkage of 15.25±4.00 cm2 in the combined group (P<0.05). The expression of VEGF, p53 and MVD was downregulated in both the PVB and combined groups, with significantly statistical differences versus the control. No additional adverse events were evidenced in the combined group. Therefore, intratumoral injection of rhAd-p53 combined with neoadjuvant chemotherapy has advantage over conventional chemotherapy for its high efficacy, safety and synergism in the therapy for LACC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xiao
- Department of Gynecology, Xuzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 22l002, P.R. China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Gynecology, Xuzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 22l002, P.R. China
| | - Min Fu
- Cervical Disease Center, Xuzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 22l002, P.R. China
| | - Li Liang
- Department of Gynecology, Xuzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 22l002, P.R. China
| | - Qiaoling Deng
- Department of Gynecology, Xuzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 22l002, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyun Liu
- Center Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 22l002, P.R. China
| | - Fumin Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 22l002, P.R. China
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Martinho O, Silva-Oliveira R, Cury FP, Barbosa AM, Granja S, Evangelista AF, Marques F, Miranda-Gonçalves V, Cardoso-Carneiro D, de Paula FE, Zanon M, Scapulatempo-Neto C, Moreira MA, Baltazar F, Longatto-Filho A, Reis RM. HER Family Receptors are Important Theranostic Biomarkers for Cervical Cancer: Blocking Glucose Metabolism Enhances the Therapeutic Effect of HER Inhibitors. Theranostics 2017; 7:717-732. [PMID: 28255362 PMCID: PMC5327645 DOI: 10.7150/thno.17154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Persistent HPV infection alone is not sufficient for cervical cancer development, which requires additional molecular alterations for tumor progression and metastasis ultimately leading to a lethal disease. In this study, we performed a comprehensive analysis of HER family receptor alterations in cervical adenocarcinoma. We detected overexpression of HER protein, mainly HER2, which was an independent prognostic marker for these patients. By using in vitro and in vivo approaches, we provided evidence that HER inhibitors, allitinib and lapatinib, were effective in reducing cervical cancer aggressiveness. Furthermore, combination of these drugs with glucose uptake blockers could overcome the putative HIF1-α-mediated resistance to HER-targeted therapies. Thus, we propose that the use of HER inhibitors in association with glycolysis blockers can be a potentially effective treatment option for HER-positive cervical cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Martinho
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
- Molecular Oncology Research Center (CPOM), Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renato Silva-Oliveira
- Molecular Oncology Research Center (CPOM), Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernanda P. Cury
- Molecular Oncology Research Center (CPOM), Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Martins Barbosa
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Sara Granja
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | | | - Fábio Marques
- Department of Pathology of the School of Medicine of the Federal University of Goiás, Brazil
| | - Vera Miranda-Gonçalves
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Diana Cardoso-Carneiro
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Flávia E. de Paula
- Molecular Oncology Research Center (CPOM), Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maicon Zanon
- Molecular Oncology Research Center (CPOM), Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Marise A.R. Moreira
- Department of Pathology of the School of Medicine of the Federal University of Goiás, Brazil
| | - Fátima Baltazar
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Adhemar Longatto-Filho
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
- Molecular Oncology Research Center (CPOM), Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation (LIM) 14, Faculty of Medicine, São Paulo State University, Brazil
| | - Rui Manuel Reis
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
- Molecular Oncology Research Center (CPOM), Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil
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VEGF +936 C/T Genetic Polymorphism in Patients with Cervical Dysplasia. Anal Cell Pathol (Amst) 2016; 2016:6074275. [PMID: 27812483 PMCID: PMC5080462 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6074275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim. The present study aims to analyze the potential role of VEGF +936 C/T polymorphism in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. Material and Method. One hundred and eighty-six patients were included in the study: 75 cases (patients diagnosed with CIN) and 111 controls (negative for both HPV testing and cytology). For each patient a single visit was scheduled when colposcopy was performed. From cervical specimen, cytology and HPV testing were performed and from peripheral blood VEGF +936 genotyping was determined. For statistical analysis purposes OR and chi-square were used at a level of significance of <0.05. Results. No link has been found in the detection of CT genotype in cases versus controls, OR = 0.8295, [0.42, 1.62]. An inverse correlation has been found between T allele and HSIL, OR = 0.2121, [0.0473, 0.9517], p = 0.0866. Conclusion. No link has been found between VEGF +936 C/T and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.
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Woodby B, Scott M, Bodily J. The Interaction Between Human Papillomaviruses and the Stromal Microenvironment. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2016; 144:169-238. [PMID: 27865458 PMCID: PMC5727914 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2016.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are small, double-stranded DNA viruses that replicate in stratified squamous epithelia and cause a variety of malignancies. Current efforts in HPV biology are focused on understanding the virus-host interactions that enable HPV to persist for years or decades in the tissue. The importance of interactions between tumor cells and the stromal microenvironment has become increasingly apparent in recent years, but how stromal interactions impact the normal, benign life cycle of HPVs, or progression of lesions to cancer is less understood. Furthermore, how productively replicating HPV impacts cells in the stromal environment is also unclear. Here we bring together some of the relevant literature on keratinocyte-stromal interactions and their impacts on HPV biology, focusing on stromal fibroblasts, immune cells, and endothelial cells. We discuss how HPV oncogenes in infected cells manipulate other cells in their environment, and, conversely, how neighboring cells may impact the efficiency or course of HPV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Woodby
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, United States
| | - M Scott
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, United States
| | - J Bodily
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, United States.
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Mallmann P, Mallmann C. Neoadjuvant and Adjuvant Chemotherapy of Cervical Cancer. Oncol Res Treat 2016; 39:522-4. [PMID: 27614740 DOI: 10.1159/000449023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is indicated in patients who can tolerate the side effects of a chemotherapy and with preoperative presentation of one of the following clinical risk situations: bulky disease with a maximal tumor diameter of > 4 cm, suspicious lymph nodes in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT) scan or endosonography, histopathologically confirmed lymph node metastasis, or histopathologically documented risk factors such as G3 and L1V1. A neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery should be performed with cisplatin at a dosage of > 25 mg/m2 per week and an application interval of < 14 days. The previously published data suggests an improved rate of complete resection and reduced incidences of positive lymph nodes and parametric infiltration. Accordingly, the percentage of patients in need for adjuvant radiochemotherapy after operation can be significantly reduced. Some studies demonstrated a prolongation of progression-free and overall survival. Following the previously published studies, adjuvant chemotherapy after operation or after radiochemotherapy has no significant effect on the overall survival and, following the current guidelines, should be avoided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Mallmann
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe Köln, Universitätsklinikum Köln (AöR), Cologne, Germany
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Seo YS, Yim MJ, Kim BH, Kang KR, Lee SY, Oh JS, You JS, Kim SG, Yu SJ, Lee GJ, Kim DK, Kim CS, Kim JS, Kim JS. Berberine-induced anticancer activities in FaDu head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells. Oncol Rep 2016; 34:3025-34. [PMID: 26503508 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.4312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we investigated berberine‑induced apoptosis and the signaling pathways underlying its activity in FaDu head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells. Berberine did not affect the viability of primary human normal oral keratinocytes. In contrast, the cytotoxicity of berberine was significantly increased in FaDu cells stimulated with berberine for 24 h. Furthermore, berberine increased nuclear condensation and apoptosis rates in FaDu cells than those in untreated control cells. Berberine also induced the upregulation of apoptotic ligands, such as FasL and TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand, and triggered the activation of caspase-8, -7 and -3, and poly(ADP ribose) polymerase, characteristic of death receptor-dependent extrinsic apoptosis. Moreover, berberine activated the mitochondria‑dependent apoptotic signaling pathway by upregulating pro-apoptotic factors, such as Bax, Bad, Apaf-1, and the active form of caspase-9, and downregulating anti-apoptotic factors, such as Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL. In addition, berberine increased the expression of the tumor suppressor p53 in FaDu cells. The pan-caspase inhibitor Z-VAD-fmk suppressed the activation of caspase-3 and prevented cytotoxicity in FaDu cells treated with berberine. Interestingly, berberine suppressed cell migration through downregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, and MMP-9. Moreover, the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2) and p38, components of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway that are associated with the expression of MMP and VEGF, was suppressed in FaDu cells treated with berberine for 24 h. Therefore, these data suggested that berberine exerted anticancer effects in FaDu cells through induction of apoptosis and suppression of migration. Berberine may have potential applications as a chemotherapeutic agent for the management of head and neck squamous carcinoma.
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Sadalla JC, Andrade JMD, Genta MLND, Baracat EC. Cervical cancer: what's new? Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) 2016; 61:536-42. [PMID: 26841164 DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.61.06.536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the most common gynecological cancer in Brazil. Among women, it is the second most frequent, second only to breast cancer. It is the fourth leading cause of cancer death in the country, with estimated 15,590 new cases (2014) and 5,430 deaths (2013). In order to update information to improve outcomes, reduce morbidity and optimize the treatment of this cancer, this article will address the advancement of knowledge on cervical cancer. The topics covered include the role of surgery in different stages, treatment of locally advanced carcinomas, fertility preservation, the role of the sentinel lymph node technique, indications and techniques of radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and some special situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Carlos Sadalla
- Mastology Sector, Division of Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and the Institute of Cancer of the State of São Paulo, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jurandyr Moreira de Andrade
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Luiza Nogueira Dias Genta
- Mastology Sector, Division of Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and the Institute of Cancer of the State of São Paulo, FM, USP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Lin CN, Liao YS, Chen WC, Wang YS, Lee LW. Use of Myometrium as an Internal Reference for Endometrial and Cervical Cancer on Multiphase Contrast-Enhanced MRI. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0157820. [PMID: 27326456 PMCID: PMC4915709 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Myometrial smooth muscle is normally within the field of view for the gynecological imaging. This study aimed to investigate the use of normal myometrium as an internal reference for endometrial and cervical cancer during multiphase contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MCE-MRI) and to explore whether this information regarding tumor enhancement relative to the myometrium could be used to discriminate between endometrial and cervical cancer. Methods MRI images, before and after contrast enhancement, were analyzed in newly diagnosed cervical (n = 18) and endometrial cancer (n = 19) patients. Signal intensities (SIs) from tumor tissue and non-neoplastic myometrium were measured using imaging software. Results The relative signal for cervical cancer was approximately 30% higher than that of endometrial cancer after contrast administration. The area under receiver operating characteristic curve for SI, relative signal enhancement, and tumor to myometrium contrast ratio (as used to discriminate between cervical cancer and endometrial cancer) was 0.7807, 0.7456 and 0.7895, respectively. There was no difference in SI of the normal myometrium between endometrial and cervical cancer patients prior to and after contrast administration. Using non-tumorous myometrium as an internal reference, the tumor to myometrium contrast ratio was significantly higher in tumor tissue from cervical cancer compared with that from endometrial cancer at 25 s post contrast enhancement (p = 0.0016), with an optimal sensitivity of 72.22% and specificity of 84.21%. Conclusion With SI normalized to baseline or normal myometrium, tumor tissue from cervical cancer patients showed significant hyperintensity compared with that of tumor tissue from endometrial cancer patients after contrast enhancement, yielding acceptable performance. The use of the myometrium as an internal reference may provide an alternative method to analyze MCE-MRI data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Ni Lin
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Yu-San Liao
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chang Chen
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Science, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yue-Sheng Wang
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Li-Wen Lee
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Chiayi Campus, Chiayi, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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Immunohistochemical Expression of VEGF and Podoplanin in Uterine Cervical Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions. DISEASE MARKERS 2016; 2016:8293196. [PMID: 27313335 PMCID: PMC4895031 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8293196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Revised: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
VEGF and podoplanin (PDPN) have been identified as angiogenesis and/or lymphangiogenesis regulators and might be essential to restrict tumor growth, progression, and metastasis. In the present study, we evaluate the association between the expression of these markers and CIN grade. Immunohistochemistry was performed in 234 uterine cervical samples using conventional histologic sections or TMA with the monoclonal antibodies to VEGF (C-1 clone) and podoplanin (D2-40 clone). Positive-staining rates of VEGF in 191 CIN specimens were significantly associated with histological grade (P < 0.001). Negative and/or focal immunostaining for PDPN were more frequent in CIN 3 (P = 0.016). We found that patients with CIN 3 more frequently had strong and more diffuse staining for VEGF and diminished staining for PDPN (P = 0.018). Strong and more diffuse VEGF immunoexpressions in CIN 2 and CIN 3 were detected when compared to CIN 1. Negative and/or focal PDPN immunoexpression appear to be more frequent in CIN 3. Moderate to strong VEGF expression may be a tendency among patients with high-grade lesions and diminished PDPN expression.
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Osherov N, Ben-Ami R. Modulation of Host Angiogenesis as a Microbial Survival Strategy and Therapeutic Target. PLoS Pathog 2016; 12:e1005479. [PMID: 27078259 PMCID: PMC4831739 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nir Osherov
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Ronen Ben-Ami
- Infectious Disease Unit, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Department of Medicine, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- * E-mail:
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Kang BJ, Wang Y, Zhang L, Xiao Z, Li SW. bFGF and VEGF improve the quality of vitrified-thawed human ovarian tissues after xenotransplantation to SCID mice. J Assist Reprod Genet 2015; 33:281-9. [PMID: 26712576 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-015-0628-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this research is to study whether basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) alone or in combination with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) could improve the quality of vitrified-thawed human ovarian tissue xenotransplanted to severe combined immune deficiency (SCID) mice. METHODS After collection and cryopreservation, thawed human ovarian tissue were cultured in vitro for 2 days and then xenografted to severe combined immune deficiency (SCID) mice for 7 days. The in vitro culture medium was separated into six groups, including (A) the blank control group, (B) the human recombinant bFGF (150 ng/ml) group, (C) the bFGF (150 ng/ml)+human recombinant VEGF (25 ng/ml) group, (D) bFGF (150 ng/ml)+VEGF (50 ng/ml) group, (E) bFGF (150 ng/ml)+ VEGF (75 ng/ml) group and (F) bFGF (150 ng/ml) + VEGF (100 ng/ml) group. In addition, eight pieces of thawed ovarian tissue were transplanted without in vitro culture, which serve as the fresh control group. The effect of transplantation was assessed by histological analysis, immunohistochemical staining for CD34, Ki-67, and AC-3 expression, and microvessel density (MVD). RESULTS There was no significant difference between the fresh and blank control group. Compared to the blank control group, the number of follicles, MVD, and rate of Ki-67-positive cells increased significantly in groups B, C, D, E, and F, while apoptosis decreased significantly. Compared to the bFGF treatment group, no significant difference appeared in group C, D, E, and F. CONCLUSIONS The administration of bFGF alone or in combination with VEGF improved the quality of postgraft human ovarian tissue, though VEGF, regardless of different concentrations, did not influence effect of bFGF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei-Jia Kang
- Reproductive Medical Center of West China 2nd University Hospital, Sichuan University, Ren Min Nan Lu, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wang
- Reproductive Medical Center of West China 2nd University Hospital, Sichuan University, Ren Min Nan Lu, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Long Zhang
- Reproductive Medical Center of West China 2nd University Hospital, Sichuan University, Ren Min Nan Lu, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhun Xiao
- Reproductive Medical Center of West China 2nd University Hospital, Sichuan University, Ren Min Nan Lu, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Shang-Wei Li
- Reproductive Medical Center of West China 2nd University Hospital, Sichuan University, Ren Min Nan Lu, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China.
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Papa A, Zaccarelli E, Caruso D, Vici P, Benedetti Panici P, Tomao F. Targeting angiogenesis in endometrial cancer - new agents for tailored treatments. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2015; 25:31-49. [PMID: 26560489 DOI: 10.1517/13543784.2016.1116517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Endometrial carcinoma represents the most frequent gynecologic tumor in developed countries. The majority of women presents with low-grade tumors but a significant subset of women experience recurrence and do not survive their disease. Patients with stage III/ IV or recurrent endometrial cancer have a poor prognosis. Identification of active and tolerable new targeted agents versus specific molecular targets is a priority objective. Angiogenesis is a complex process that plays a crucial role in the development of many types of cancer and in particular endometrial cancer. AREAS COVERED In this review, the authors highlight the main angiogenetic molecular pathways and the anti-angiogenic agents in Phase II clinical trials for endometrial cancer treatment. The authors focus on reports from recent years on angiogenesis inhibitors used in endometrial cancer, including anti- vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) monoclonal antibodies (bevacizumab and aflibercept), mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors (mTORi) (everolimus, temsirolimus and ridaforolimus), PI3 K inhibitors (BKM120), tyrosine kinase inhibitors (brivanib, sunitinib, dovitinib and nintedanib) and thalidomide. EXPERT OPINION These anti-angiogenic drugs, while used either alone or in combination with chemotherapy, have presented mixed results in treating endometrial cancer patients. Challenges for the future include the identification of new pathways, early identification and overcoming resistance and the use of these molecules in combination with old and new chemotherapeutic and targeted agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anselmo Papa
- a Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Oncology Unit , Istituto Chirurgico Ortopedico Traumatologico , 04100 Latina , Italy
| | - Eleonora Zaccarelli
- a Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Oncology Unit , Istituto Chirurgico Ortopedico Traumatologico , 04100 Latina , Italy
| | - Davide Caruso
- a Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Oncology Unit , Istituto Chirurgico Ortopedico Traumatologico , 04100 Latina , Italy
| | - Patrizia Vici
- b Division of Medical Oncology B , Regina Elena National Cancer Institute , 00144 Rome , Italy
| | - Pierluigi Benedetti Panici
- c Department of Gynecological, Obstetrical and Urologic Sciences , "Sapienza" University of Rome , 00186 Rome , Italy
| | - Federica Tomao
- c Department of Gynecological, Obstetrical and Urologic Sciences , "Sapienza" University of Rome , 00186 Rome , Italy
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Zhang LD, Chen L, Zhang M, Qi HJ, Chen L, Chen HF, Zhong MK, Shi XJ, Li QY. Downregulation of ERRα inhibits angiogenesis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells through regulating VEGF production and PI3K/Akt/STAT3 signaling pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 769:167-76. [PMID: 26586335 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2015] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The human estrogen related receptor α (ERRα) is a pivotal regulator involved in energy homeostasis and mitochondrial biogenesis. It has been demonstrated that activation of ERRα in various breast cancer cells results in a significant increase of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA and protein secretion. However, little is known about the relationship between ERRα and angiogenesis. Thus, the present study is aimed to investigate the effects and mechanism of ERRα suppression on the angiogenesis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Here we show that ERRα suppression powerfully inhibits proliferation, migration and capillary-like structures formation of HUVECs. Importantly, we demonstrate that these inhibitory effects are associated with the significantly reduced expression and production of VEGF. Results from further experiments using western blot and luciferase reporter assay exhibit that ERRα suppression inhibits hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) expression, and phosphorylation of protein kinase B (Akt) and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT3) which up-regulated VEGF expression. In summary, we show that ERRα suppression inhibits angiogenesis in HUVECs and deserves further studies for application of rationale therapeutic target for patient with diseases related with aberrant angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu-Di Zhang
- Clinical Pharmacy Laboratory, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Wu Lu Mu Qi M Road, Shanghai 200040, China; Clinical Pharmacy Laboratory, Huashan Hospital North, Fudan University, 108 Luxiang Road, Shanghai 201907, China
| | - Li Chen
- Pharmacy Department, Xuhui District Central Hospital, 966 Huai Hai M Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Brunswick Laboratories (China), 5 Xing Han Road, Suzhou Industrial Park 215021, China
| | - Hui-Jie Qi
- Clinical Pharmacy Laboratory, Huashan Hospital North, Fudan University, 108 Luxiang Road, Shanghai 201907, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Clinical Pharmacy Laboratory, Huashan Hospital North, Fudan University, 108 Luxiang Road, Shanghai 201907, China
| | - Hai-Fei Chen
- Clinical Pharmacy Laboratory, Huashan Hospital North, Fudan University, 108 Luxiang Road, Shanghai 201907, China
| | - Ming-Kang Zhong
- Clinical Pharmacy Laboratory, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Wu Lu Mu Qi M Road, Shanghai 200040, China; Clinical Pharmacy Laboratory, Huashan Hospital North, Fudan University, 108 Luxiang Road, Shanghai 201907, China
| | - Xiao-Jin Shi
- Clinical Pharmacy Laboratory, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Wu Lu Mu Qi M Road, Shanghai 200040, China; Clinical Pharmacy Laboratory, Huashan Hospital North, Fudan University, 108 Luxiang Road, Shanghai 201907, China.
| | - Qun-Yi Li
- Clinical Pharmacy Laboratory, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Wu Lu Mu Qi M Road, Shanghai 200040, China; Clinical Pharmacy Laboratory, Huashan Hospital North, Fudan University, 108 Luxiang Road, Shanghai 201907, China.
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Dhawan D, Paoloni M, Shukradas S, Choudhury DR, Craig BA, Ramos-Vara JA, Hahn N, Bonney PL, Khanna C, Knapp DW. Comparative Gene Expression Analyses Identify Luminal and Basal Subtypes of Canine Invasive Urothelial Carcinoma That Mimic Patterns in Human Invasive Bladder Cancer. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0136688. [PMID: 26352142 PMCID: PMC4564191 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0136688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
More than 160,000 people are expected to die from invasive urothelial carcinoma (iUC) this year worldwide. Research in relevant animal models is essential to improving iUC management. Naturally-occurring canine iUC closely resembles human iUC in histopathology, metastatic behavior, and treatment response, and could provide a relevant model for human iUC. The molecular characterization of canine iUC, however, has been limited. Work was conducted to compare gene expression array results between tissue samples from iUC and normal bladder in dogs, with comparison to similar expression array data from human iUC and normal bladder in the literature. Considerable similarities between enrichment patterns of genes in canine and human iUC were observed. These included patterns mirroring basal and luminal subtypes initially observed in human breast cancer and more recently noted in human iUC. Canine iUC samples also exhibited enrichment for genes involved in P53 pathways, as has been reported in human iUC. This is particularly relevant as drugs targeting these genes/pathways in other cancers could be repurposed to treat iUC, with dogs providing a model to optimize therapy. As part of the validation of the results and proof of principal for evaluating individualized targeted therapy, the overexpression of EGFR in canine bladder iUC was confirmed. The similarities in gene expression patterns between dogs and humans add considerably to the value of naturally-occurring canine iUC as a relevant and much needed animal model for human iUC. Furthermore, the finding of expression patterns that cross different pathologically-defined cancers could allow studies of dogs with iUC to help optimize cancer management across multiple cancer types. The work is also expected to lead to a better understanding of the biological importance of the gene expression patterns, and the potential application of the cross-species comparisons approach to other cancer types as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Dhawan
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Purdue University College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
- Purdue Oncological Sciences Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Melissa Paoloni
- CCR Comparative Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Shweta Shukradas
- Department of Bioinformatics, Strand Genomics Inc, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Dipanwita Roy Choudhury
- Department of Bioinformatics, Strand Genomics Inc, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Bruce A. Craig
- Department of Statistics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
| | - José A. Ramos-Vara
- Purdue Oncological Sciences Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Noah Hahn
- Department of Oncology and Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Patty L. Bonney
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Purdue University College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Chand Khanna
- CCR Comparative Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Deborah W. Knapp
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Purdue University College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
- Purdue Oncological Sciences Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America
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