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Yilmazer UT, Pehlivan B, Guney S, Yar-Saglam AS, Balabanli B, Kaltalioglu K, Coskun-Cevher S. The combined effect of morin and hesperidin on memory ability and oxidative/nitrosative stress in a streptozotocin-induced rat model of Alzheimer's disease. Behav Brain Res 2024; 471:115131. [PMID: 38942085 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2024.115131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most frequent neurodegenerative disease within dementias, affects the CNS, leading to gradual memory issues and cognitive dysfunction. Oxidative stress in AD contributes to ongoing neuronal loss and hastens disease progression. Notably, the potent antioxidant compounds morin and hesperidin have demonstrated significant effectiveness in addressing oxidative stress. This study explores the impact of morin and hesperidin on behavior and oxidative stress in the streptozotocin (STZ)-induced AD rat model. The experiment involved five groups: control, STZ, STZ+morin, STZ+hesperidin, and STZ+morin+hesperidin. The rat model of AD was created by injecting STZ with the stereotaxic surgery. Morin and hesperidin were applied to the groups for 7-days. After the applications, the Morris water maze (MWM) and novel object recognition (NOR) tests were used and the rats were sacrificed. Malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), nitric oxide (NOx), and protein carbonyl (PC) levels were measured. In the STZ group, the levels of NOx and PC exhibited a noteworthy increase compared to the control. Conversely, the application of morin and/or hesperidin treatments reduced NOx and PC levels compared to the STZ group. The co-administration of morin and hesperidin improved the antioxidant status and decreased lipid peroxidation in STZ-induced rats. In the STZ group, serum advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) levels were statistically elevated compared to the control. However, in the treatment groups, morin and/or hesperidin successfully decreased AOPP levels to those observed in the control. The combined use of these flavonoids may have a neuroprotective effect regarding memory problems and decreasing oxidative/nitrosative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bilge Pehlivan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sevin Guney
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Atiye Seda Yar-Saglam
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Barbaros Balabanli
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Sule Coskun-Cevher
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey.
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Lahouel A. High sugar consumption for seven days in adult mice increased blood glucose variability, induced an anxiolytic effect and triggered oxidative stress in cerebral cortex. Metab Brain Dis 2024; 39:731-739. [PMID: 38720093 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-024-01352-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Brain function is highly altered by glucose toxicity related to diabetes. High consumption of sugar in normal conditions is suspected to affect as well brain integrity. The present study investigates the possible effects of short-term exposure to high sugar diet on brain redox homeostasis in healthy mice. Male adult healthy mice were divided into two groups: control (CG) and sugar-exposed group (SG), that was exposed continually to 10% of glucose in drinking water for 7 days and 20% sucrose pellets food. Behavior, blood glucose variability and cerebral cortex oxidative stress biomarkers were measured at the end of exposure. Animals exposed to the high sugar diet expressed a significant increase in blood glucose levels and high glucose variability compared to control. These animals expressed as well anxiolytic behavior as revealed by the plus maze test. Exposure to the sugar diet altered redox homeostasis in the brain cortex as revealed by an increase in lipid peroxidation and the activity of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione-s-transferase (GST). On the other hand, catalase (CAT) activity was decreased, and reduced glutathione (GSH) level was not altered compared to control. Further studies are required to understand the mechanisms trigging oxidative stress (OS) in the brain in response to short term exposure to high sugar diet and glucose fluctuations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Lahouel
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences and Computer Science, University of Jijel, 18000, Jijel, Algeria.
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University of Jijel, 18000, Jijel, Algeria.
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Ferroni NM, Chertoff MJ, Alberca CD, Berardino BG, Gianatiempo O, Brahamian M, Levi V, Urrutia L, Falasco G, Cánepa ET, Sonzogni SV. Oxidative stress associated with spatial memory impairment and social olfactory deterioration in female mice reveals premature aging aroused by perinatal protein malnutrition. Exp Neurol 2023; 368:114481. [PMID: 37463612 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2023.114481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Early-life adversity, like perinatal protein malnutrition, increases the vulnerability to develop long-term alterations in brain structures and function. This study aimed to determine whether perinatal protein malnutrition predisposes to premature aging in a murine model and to assess the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved. To this end, mouse dams were fed either with a normal (NP, casein 20%) or a low-protein diet (LP, casein 8%) during gestation and lactation. Female offspring were evaluated at 2, 7 and 12 months of age. Positron emission tomography analysis showed alterations in the hippocampal CA3 region and the accessory olfactory bulb of LP mice during aging. Protein malnutrition impaired spatial memory, coinciding with higher levels of reactive oxygen species in the hippocampus and sirt7 upregulation. Protein malnutrition also led to higher senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity and p21 expression. LP-12-month-old mice showed a higher number of newborn neurons that did not complete the maturation process. The social-odor discrimination in LP mice was impaired along life. In the olfactory bulb of LP mice, the senescence marker p21 was upregulated, coinciding with a downregulation of Sirt2 and Sirt7. Also, LP-12-month-old mice showed a downregulation of catalase and glutathione peroxidase, and LP-2-month-old mice showed a higher number of newborn neurons in the subventricular zone, which then returned to normal values. Our results show that perinatal protein malnutrition causes long-term impairment in cognitive and olfactory skills through an accelerated senescence phenotype accompanied by an increase in oxidative stress and altered sirtuin expression in the hippocampus and olfactory bulb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadina M Ferroni
- Laboratorio de Neuroepigenética, Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, and Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), CONICET, C1428EGA Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariela J Chertoff
- Laboratorio de Neuroepigenética, Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, and Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), CONICET, C1428EGA Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carolina D Alberca
- Laboratorio de Neuroepigenética, Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, and Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), CONICET, C1428EGA Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Bruno G Berardino
- Laboratorio de Neuroepigenética, Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, and Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), CONICET, C1428EGA Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Octavio Gianatiempo
- Laboratorio de Neuroepigenética, Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, and Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), CONICET, C1428EGA Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Martin Brahamian
- Bioterio central, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, and Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), CONICET, C1428EGA Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Valeria Levi
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, and Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), CONICET, C1428EGA Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Leandro Urrutia
- Centro de Imágenes Moleculares, Fleni, Belén de Escobar, B1625 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Germán Falasco
- Centro de Imágenes Moleculares, Fleni, Belén de Escobar, B1625 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Eduardo T Cánepa
- Laboratorio de Neuroepigenética, Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, and Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), CONICET, C1428EGA Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Silvina V Sonzogni
- Laboratorio de Neuroepigenética, Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, and Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), CONICET, C1428EGA Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Kamrani-Sharif R, Hayes AW, Gholami M, Salehirad M, Allahverdikhani M, Motaghinejad M, Emanuele E. Oxytocin as neuro-hormone and neuro-regulator exert neuroprotective properties: A mechanistic graphical review. Neuropeptides 2023; 101:102352. [PMID: 37354708 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2023.102352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurodegeneration is progressive cell loss in specific neuronal populations, often resulting in clinical consequences with significant medical, societal, and economic implications. Because of its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties, oxytocin has been proposed as a potential neuroprotective and neurobehavioral therapeutic agent, including modulating mood disturbances and cognitive enchantment. METHODS Literature searches were conducted using the following databases Web of Science, PubMed, Elsevier Science Direct, Google Scholar, the Core Collection, and Cochrane from January 2000 to February 2023 for articles dealing with oxytocin neuroprotective properties in preventing or treating neurodegenerative disorders and diseases with a focus on oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis/cell death. RESULTS The neuroprotective effects of oxytocin appears to be mediated by its anti-inflammatory properties, inhibition of neuro inflammation, activation of several antioxidant enzymes, inhibition of oxidative stress and free radical formation, activation of free radical scavengers, prevent of mitochondrial dysfunction, and inhibition of apoptosis. CONCLUSION Oxytocin acts as a neuroprotective agent by preventing neuro-apoptosis, neuro-inflammation, and neuronal oxidative stress, and by restoring mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roya Kamrani-Sharif
- Chronic Respiratory Disease Research Center (CRDRC), National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - A Wallace Hayes
- University of South Florida College of Public Health, Tampa, FL, USA; Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Mina Gholami
- Chronic Respiratory Disease Research Center (CRDRC), National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Salehirad
- Cognitive and Neuroscience Research Center (CNRC), Amir-Almomenin Hospital, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Allahverdikhani
- Chronic Respiratory Disease Research Center (CRDRC), National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Motaghinejad
- Chronic Respiratory Disease Research Center (CRDRC), National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Talaverón-Rey M, Álvarez-Córdoba M, Villalón-García I, Povea-Cabello S, Suárez-Rivero JM, Gómez-Fernández D, Romero-González A, Suárez-Carrillo A, Munuera-Cabeza M, Cilleros-Holgado P, Reche-López D, Piñero-Pérez R, Sánchez-Alcázar JA. Alpha-lipoic acid supplementation corrects pathological alterations in cellular models of pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration with residual PANK2 expression levels. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2023; 18:80. [PMID: 37046296 PMCID: PMC10091671 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-023-02687-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA) disorders are a group of neurodegenerative diseases that have in common the accumulation of iron in the basal nuclei of the brain which are essential components of the extrapyramidal system. Frequent symptoms are progressive spasticity, dystonia, muscle rigidity, neuropsychiatric symptoms, and retinal degeneration or optic nerve atrophy. One of the most prevalent subtypes of NBIA is Pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration (PKAN). It is caused by pathogenic variants in the gene of pantothenate kinase 2 (PANK2) which encodes the enzyme responsible for the first reaction on the coenzyme A (CoA) biosynthesis pathway. Thus, deficient PANK2 activity induces CoA deficiency as well as low expression levels of 4'-phosphopantetheinyl proteins which are essential for mitochondrial metabolism. METHODS This study is aimed at evaluating the role of alpha-lipoic acid (α-LA) in reversing the pathological alterations in fibroblasts and induced neurons derived from PKAN patients. Iron accumulation, lipid peroxidation, transcript and protein expression levels of PANK2, mitochondrial ACP (mtACP), 4''-phosphopantetheinyl and lipoylated proteins, as well as pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) and Complex I activity were examined. RESULTS Treatment with α-LA was able to correct all pathological alterations in responsive mutant fibroblasts with residual PANK2 enzyme expression. However, α-LA had no effect on mutant fibroblasts with truncated/incomplete protein expression. The positive effect of α-LA in particular pathogenic variants was also confirmed in induced neurons derived from mutant fibroblasts. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that α-LA treatment can increase the expression levels of PANK2 and reverse the mutant phenotype in PANK2 responsive pathogenic variants. The existence of residual enzyme expression in some affected individuals raises the possibility of treatment using high dose of α-LA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Talaverón-Rey
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC-UPO), Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41013, Seville, Spain
| | - Mónica Álvarez-Córdoba
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC-UPO), Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41013, Seville, Spain
| | - Irene Villalón-García
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC-UPO), Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41013, Seville, Spain
| | - Suleva Povea-Cabello
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC-UPO), Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41013, Seville, Spain
| | - Juan M Suárez-Rivero
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC-UPO), Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41013, Seville, Spain
| | - David Gómez-Fernández
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC-UPO), Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41013, Seville, Spain
| | - Ana Romero-González
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC-UPO), Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41013, Seville, Spain
| | - Alejandra Suárez-Carrillo
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC-UPO), Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41013, Seville, Spain
| | - Manuel Munuera-Cabeza
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC-UPO), Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41013, Seville, Spain
| | - Paula Cilleros-Holgado
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC-UPO), Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41013, Seville, Spain
| | - Diana Reche-López
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC-UPO), Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41013, Seville, Spain
| | - Rocío Piñero-Pérez
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC-UPO), Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41013, Seville, Spain
| | - José A Sánchez-Alcázar
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC-UPO), Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41013, Seville, Spain.
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6
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Zhang Q, Li Q, Zhao H, Shu M, Luo M, Li Y, Ding Y, Shi S, Cheng X, Niu Q. Neurodegenerative disease and antioxidant biomarkers: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1158366. [PMID: 37034095 PMCID: PMC10076659 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1158366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Previous observational studies have suggested that antioxidant imbalance is correlated with neurodegenerative diseases, while its cause-effect remains unclear. Thus, the goal of the present study is to explore the causal relationship between 11 antioxidant biomarkers and 3 most common neurodegenerative diseases [Alzheimer's disease (AD), Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) and Parkinson's disease (PD)]. Methods A bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) study was performed to investigate the causal effects by using 3 main methods (Variance Weighted (IVW), Weighted Median (WM), and MR-Egger regression) in the European population. The data of 11 antioxidant biomarkers were obtained from the open database by the most up-to-date Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS), the summary statistics of PD and ALS were obtained from the International Parkinson's Disease Genomics Consortium (IPDGC) (33,674 cases, and 449,056 controls), and the International Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Genomics Consortium (IALSC) (20,806 cases and 59,804 controls), respectively. For AD, we specifically used two recently published GWAS data, one from the International Genomics of Alzheimer's Project (IGAP) (21,982 cases and 41,944 controls), and the other from a large meta-analysis (71,880 cases and 383,378 controls) as validation data. Results Based on the Bonferroni correction p < 0.0015, there was no significant causal evidence for the antioxidant biomarkers on neurodegenerative diseases, however, the reverse analysis found that AD was significantly related to the decrease in retinol (IVW: beta = -0.023, p = 0.0007; WM: beta = -0.025, p = 0.0121), while the same analysis was carried out between the AD validation database and retinol, the results were consistent (IVW: beta = -0.064, p = 0.025). Moreover, AD on Glutathione S-transferase (GST), PD on Glutathione Peroxidase (GPX) as well as PD on uric acid (UA) also indicated potential causal-and-effect associations (IVW: p = 0.025; p = 0.027; p = 0.021, respectively). Conclusions There was no sufficient evidence that antioxidant imbalance has a significant causal effect on neurodegenerative diseases. However, this study revealed that genetically predicted AD was significantly related to the decrease in retinol, which provides a new insight into previous research and indicates the possibility to regard retinol as potential biomarker for the diagnosis and progress of AD.
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Abu-Kheit R, Kotev-Emeth S, Hiram-Bab S, Gabet Y, Savion N. S-allylmercapto- N-acetylcysteine protects bone cells from oxidation and improves femur microarchitecture in healthy and diabetic mice. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2022; 247:1489-1500. [PMID: 35658550 PMCID: PMC9493761 DOI: 10.1177/15353702221095047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is involved in the deterioration of bone quality and mechanical strength in both diabetic and aging adults. Therefore, we studied the ability of the antioxidant compound, S-allylmercapto-N-acetylcysteine (ASSNAC) to protect bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) from advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) cytotoxicity and improve bone microarchitecture of adult healthy and obese/diabetic (db/db) female mice. ASSNAC effect on AGEs-treated cultured rat BMSCs was evaluated by Neutral Red and XTT cell survival and reactive oxygen species (ROS) level assays. Its effect on healthy (C57BL/6) and obese/diabetic (C57BLKS/J Leprdb+/+; db/db) female mice femur parameters, such as (1) number of adherent BMSCs, (2) percentage of CD73+/CD45- cells in bone marrow (BM), (3) glutathione level in BM cells, and (4) femur microarchitecture parameters by microcomputed tomography, was studied. ASSNAC treatment protected BMSCs by significantly decreasing AGEs-induced ROS production and increasing their cellular resistance to the cytotoxic effect of AGEs. ASSNAC treatment of healthy female mice (50 mg/kg/day; i.p.; age 12-20 weeks) significantly increased the number of BMSCs (+60%), CD73+/CD45- cells (+134%), and glutathione level (+110%) in the femur bone marrow. Furthermore, it increased the femur length (+3%), cortical diameter (+3%), and cortical areal moment of inertia (Ct.MOI; +10%) a surrogate for biomechanical strength. In db/db mice that demonstrated a compromised trabecular bone and growth plate microarchitecture, ASSNAC treatment restored the trabecular number (Tb.N, +29%), bone volume fraction (Tb.BV/TV, +130%), and growth plate primary spongiosa volumetric bone mineral density (PS-vBMD, +7%) and thickness (PS-Th, +18%). In conclusion, this study demonstrates that ASSNAC protects bone marrow cells from oxidative stress and may improve bone microarchitecture in adult healthy and diabetic female mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem Abu-Kheit
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and
Biochemistry and Goldschleger Eye Research Institute, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv
University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Shlomo Kotev-Emeth
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and
Biochemistry and Goldschleger Eye Research Institute, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv
University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Sahar Hiram-Bab
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology,
Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Yankel Gabet
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology,
Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Naphtali Savion
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and
Biochemistry and Goldschleger Eye Research Institute, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv
University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel;,Naphtali Savion.
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Sun L, Li X, Ma C, He Z, Zhang X, Wang C, Zhao M, Gan J, Feng Y. Improving Effect of the Policosanol from Ericerus pela Wax on Learning and Memory Impairment Caused by Scopolamine in Mice. Foods 2022; 11:foods11142095. [PMID: 35885338 PMCID: PMC9317322 DOI: 10.3390/foods11142095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Policosanol (PC) is a mixture of long-chain fatty alcohols that exhibits multiple biological activities, such as reducing blood lipid and cholesterol levels, lowering blood pressure, and extenuating liver inflammation. To assess PC’s impact on cognitive behavior and function, PC was prepared from Ericerus pela wax using a reduction method and analyzed using gas chromatography (GC). A total of 60 mice were randomly divided into six groups of 10 animals each: control (0.5% CMC-Na solution, i.g.), model (0.5% CMC-Na solution, i.g.), donepezil (3 mg/kg, i.g.), PC low- (2 g/kg, i.g.), medium (4 g/kg, i.g.), and high- (6 g/kg, i.g.) dose groups. All the groups were administered daily for 28 consecutive days. There were four parameters—escape latency, crossings of platform, swimming distance, and time spent in the target quadrant—that were recorded to evaluate the cognitive performance of mice in the Morris Water Maze (MWM). After MWM testing, the levels of acetylcholine (ACh), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione (GSH) that were present in brain tissue were determined using assay kits. The GC data showed that PC consisted of four major components: tetracosanol (14.40%), hexacosanol (48.97%), octacosanol (25.40%), and triacontanol (4.80%). In the MWM test, PC significantly decreased the escape latency (p < 0.05) and increased the crossings of the platform (p < 0.05) and swimming distance (p < 0.05) and time in the target quadrant (p < 0.05) in rodents compared to that in the model group. Moreover, PC increased the levels of ACh, SOD, and GSH; inhibited AChE; and reduced MDA in the brain tissue of the tested animals. This is the first report to evaluate the efficacy of PC for cognitive behavior and function in animals. Our findings demonstrate that PC from E. pela wax is likely to exert an enhancing effect on learning and memory by promoting the cholinergic system and attenuating oxidative stress, which will provide a new insight into the efficacy of PC and expand its application in the food, nutraceutical, and beverage industries.
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Abou-Zeid SM, Elkhadrawey BA, Anis A, AbuBakr HO, El-Bialy BE, Elsabbagh HS, El-Borai NB. Neuroprotective effect of sesamol against aluminum nanoparticle-induced toxicity in rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:53767-53780. [PMID: 34037932 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14587-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Alumina nanoparticles (ALNPs) are widely used causing neurobehavioral impairment in intoxicated animals and humans. Sesamol (SML) emerged as a natural phytochemical with potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. However, no study has directly tested the potential of SML to protect against AlNP-induced detrimental effects on the brain. AlNPs (100 mg/kg) were orally administered to rats by gavage with or without oral sesamol (100 mg/kg) for 28 days. In AlNP-intoxicated group, the brain AChE activity was elevated. The concentrations of MDA and 8-OHdG were increased suggesting lipid peroxidation and oxidative DNA damage. GSH depletion with inhibited activities of CAT and SOD were demonstrated. Serum levels of IL-1β and IL-6 were elevated. The expressions of GST, TNF-α, and caspase-3 genes in the brain were upregulated. Histopathologically, AlNPs induced hemorrhages, edema, neuronal necrosis, and/or apoptosis in medulla oblongata. The cerebellum showed loss of Purkinje cells, and the cerebrum showed perivascular edema, neuronal degeneration, necrosis, and neuronal apoptosis. However, concomitant administration of SML with AlNPs significantly ameliorated the toxic effects on the brain, reflecting antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects of SML. Considering these results, sesamol could be a promising phytochemical with neuroprotective activity against AlNP-induced neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimaa M Abou-Zeid
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat, 32897, Egypt.
| | - Basma A Elkhadrawey
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat, 32897, Egypt
| | - Anis Anis
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat, 32897, Egypt
| | - Huda O AbuBakr
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Badr E El-Bialy
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat, 32897, Egypt
| | - Hesham S Elsabbagh
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat, 32897, Egypt
| | - Nermeen B El-Borai
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat, 32897, Egypt
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10
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Sokrateva TD, Roussev BH, Nashar MA, Kiselova-Kaneva YD, Mihaylova GM, Todorova MN, Pasheva MG, Tasinov OB, Nazifova-Tasinova NF, Vankova DG, Ivanova DP, Radanova MA, Ts Galunska B, Vlaykova TI, Ivanova DG. Effects of sulphur-containing mineral water intake on oxidative status and markers for inflammation in healthy subjects. Arch Physiol Biochem 2021; 127:327-336. [PMID: 31291758 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2019.1638416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Sulphurous mineral waters (SMW) have a wide range of applications. Sulphur content of mineral waters is considered as possible determinant for their anti-inflammatory or pro-inflammatory effects. OBJECTIVE To explore the healing properties of Varna basin mineral water by analysing possible antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects. MATERIALS AND METHODS An intervention with Varna SMW intake was performed with healthy volunteers. Total thiols, total glutathione and its fractions, reactive oxygen metabolites, malondialdehyde, intracellular adhesion molecule (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM-1) were measured. Expression of γ-gluthamyl-cysteinyl ligase (GCL) and sICAM-1 genes was also analysed. RESULTS A significantly increased total glutathione and total thiols were observed at the end of the intervention. GCL and sICAM-1 gene expressions were increased after the intervention. CONCLUSION SMW consumption improved redox status of the body. We suggested that these beneficial effects may be attributed to the established high levels of sulphur-containing compounds in Varna mineral water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Todorka D Sokrateva
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Medicine and Nutrigenomics, Medical University-Varna, Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Bogdan H Roussev
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Medicine and Nutrigenomics, Medical University-Varna, Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Milka A Nashar
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Medicine and Nutrigenomics, Medical University-Varna, Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Yoana D Kiselova-Kaneva
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Medicine and Nutrigenomics, Medical University-Varna, Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Galya M Mihaylova
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Medicine and Nutrigenomics, Medical University-Varna, Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Miglena N Todorova
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Medicine and Nutrigenomics, Medical University-Varna, Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Milena G Pasheva
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Medicine and Nutrigenomics, Medical University-Varna, Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Oskan B Tasinov
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Medicine and Nutrigenomics, Medical University-Varna, Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Neshe F Nazifova-Tasinova
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Medicine and Nutrigenomics, Medical University-Varna, Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Deyana G Vankova
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Medicine and Nutrigenomics, Medical University-Varna, Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Desislava P Ivanova
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Medicine and Nutrigenomics, Medical University-Varna, Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Maria A Radanova
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Medicine and Nutrigenomics, Medical University-Varna, Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Bistra Ts Galunska
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Medicine and Nutrigenomics, Medical University-Varna, Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Tatyana I Vlaykova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Diana G Ivanova
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Medicine and Nutrigenomics, Medical University-Varna, Varna, Bulgaria
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11
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l-Theanine Ameliorates d-Galactose-Induced Brain Damage in Rats via Inhibiting AGE Formation and Regulating Sirtuin1 and BDNF Signaling Pathways. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:8850112. [PMID: 34336115 PMCID: PMC8315880 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8850112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The maintenance of homeostasis is essential for mitigating stress and delaying degenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). AD is generally defined as the abnormal production of β-amyloid (Aβ) and advanced glycation end products (AGEs). The effects of l-theanine on Aβ and AGE generation were investigated in this study. Decreased AGEs and Aβ1-42 levels were reflected by increased acetylcholine (ACh) concentration and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity inhibition compared to model rats. l-Theanine also inhibited nuclear factor-κB (p65) protein expression by activating sirtuin1 (SIRT1), reducing inflammatory factor expression, and downregulating the mRNA and protein expression of AGE receptors (RAGE). Superoxide dismutase 2 and catalase protein expressions were markedly upregulated by l-theanine, whereas oxidative stress-related injury was alleviated. The expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α) was also found to be increased. H&E staining showed that the apoptosis of hippocampal neurons was mitigated by decreased Bax and cleaved-caspase-3 protein expression and the increase of Bcl-2 protein expression. Moreover, l-theanine increased the gene and protein expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). These findings suggest that the potential preventive effects of l-theanine against AD may be attributed to its regulation of SIRT1 and BDNF proteins and its mitigation of AGEs/RAGE signaling pathways in the brain tissue of AD model rats.
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12
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Selbach MT, Scotti AS, Feistel CC, Nicolau CC, Dalberto D, Dos Santos NG, Borsoi G, Ferraz ABF, Grivicich I, de Souza GMS, Chytry P, Dias JF, Corrêa DS, da Silva J. Evaluation of the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of Sida planicaulis Cav extract using human neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2021; 84:345-355. [PMID: 33435828 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2020.1871144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Sida planicaulis is a weed thought to have originated in Brazil, where it is present in abundant quantities, but also this plant is also found in south-central Florida, Indian Ocean Islands, and the Pacific Islands. Sida planicaulis produces neurotoxicity that adversely affects livestock breeding with heavy animal losses and consequent negative impact on Brazil's economy. The aim of this study was to determine the chemical profile, cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of ethanolic extracts of S. planicaulis collected in winter (leaf extract) and summer (leaf extract and leaf + flower extract) using an in vitro model of human neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y. Phytochemical screening demonstrated the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, and apolar compounds. Rutin, quercetin, and swainsonine were detected by HPLC and GC/MS, respectively. Phosphorus, potassium, iron, and zinc were the inorganic elements found. Extracts produced cytotoxicity at all concentrations tested (7-4,000 μg/ml) as evidenced by the colorimetric assay [3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl) -2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT)]. Based upon the alkaline comet assay extracts were found to induce genotoxicity at concentrations ranging from 0.437 to 7 μg/ml. DNA damage produced by extracts was affirmed using a modified comet assay with the enzymes Endo III and FPG in a concentration dependent manner. Further, enzyme-modified comet assay showed both oxidized purines and pyrimidines, and consequently oxidative stress was related to genomic instability and cell death. Data suggest that low concentrations of ethanolic extracts of S. planicaulis (different seasons) induced increased DNA damage related to oxidative stress and chemical composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Terezinha Selbach
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, PPGBioSaúde (Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied to Health), Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Amanda Souza Scotti
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, PPGBioSaúde (Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied to Health), Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Cleverson Costa Feistel
- Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry Laboratory, PPGBioSaúde (Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied to Health), Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Caroline C Nicolau
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, PPGBioSaúde (Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied to Health), Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Daiana Dalberto
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, PPGBioSaúde (Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied to Health), Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Natália Garcia Dos Santos
- Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry Laboratory, PPGBioSaúde (Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied to Health), Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Borsoi
- Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry Laboratory, PPGBioSaúde (Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied to Health), Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Barros Falcão Ferraz
- Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry Laboratory, PPGBioSaúde (Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied to Health), Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Ivana Grivicich
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, PPGBioSaúde (Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied to Health), Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Paola Chytry
- Ion Implantation Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Johnny Ferraz Dias
- Ion Implantation Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Dione Silva Corrêa
- Center for Research in Product and Development (CEPPED), Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Juliana da Silva
- Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, PPGBioSaúde (Postgraduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology Applied to Health), Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil
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13
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Arruda HS, Neri-Numa IA, Kido LA, Maróstica Júnior MR, Pastore GM. Recent advances and possibilities for the use of plant phenolic compounds to manage ageing-related diseases. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.104203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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14
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Ćupić Miladinović D, Prevendar Crnić A, Peković S, Dacić S, Ivanović S, Santibanez JF, Ćupić V, Borozan N, Antonijević Miljaković E, Borozan S. Recovery of brain cholinesterases and effect on parameters of oxidative stres and apoptosis in quails (Coturnix japonica) after chlorpyrifos and vitamin B1 administration. Chem Biol Interact 2020; 333:109312. [PMID: 33166511 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2020.109312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Chlorpyrifos is a extensively used organophosphate pesticide (OP). In this study, we closely looked into neurotoxicity of CPF and effect of vitamin B1, by checking the levels of cholinesterases, determining the activity of parameters of oxidative stress, inflammation and also level of apoptotic regulator. The study was performed on a total of 80 male Japanese quails (Coturnix japonica), (two control and 6 experimental groups, n = 10). Three group of quails were given by gavage chlorpyrifos (CPF) for 7 consecutive days at doses of 1.50 mg/kg b.w., 3.00 mg/kg b.w., and 6.00 mg/kg b.w. Another three groups were treated with 10 mg/kg b.w. of vitamin B1 i.m. 30 min after CPF application (in above mentioned doses). Our study have proved that all doses of CPF significantly inhibited cholinesterases in brain, while vitamin B1 reactivated them. CPF has led to an increase in the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA), and activity of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), while tiamin changed the activity of antioxidant enzymes: CAT, SOD, GST. CPF stimulated apoptosis by decreasing B-cell lymphoma (Bcl-2) in brain, while application of vitamin B1 caused an increase of this parameter. CPF amplified inflammatory effect by elevating levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and cyclooxygenase (COX-2). Thiamine proved its anti-inflammatory property by decreasing the expression of iNOS and interleukin-1(IL-1) and interleukin-6(IL-6). This study is highly pertinent because there is little defense currently available to humans and animals to prevent toxic effects of pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sanja Peković
- Department of Neurobiology, Institute for Biological Research "Sinisa Stankovic", University of Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Sanja Dacić
- Department for Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Saša Ivanović
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia.
| | | | - Vitomir Ćupić
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia.
| | | | | | - Sunčica Borozan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia.
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15
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Dong L, Tang S, Deng F, Gong Y, Zhao K, Zhou J, Liang D, Fang J, Hecker M, Giesy JP, Bai X, Zhang H. Shape-dependent toxicity of alumina nanoparticles in rat astrocytes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 690:158-166. [PMID: 31284190 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Nanosized alumina (Al2O3-NPs), a widely used nanoparticle in numerous commercial applications, is released into environment posing a threat to the health of wildlife and humans. Recent research has revealed essential roles of physicochemical properties of nanoparticles in determining their toxicity potencies. However, influence of shape on neurotoxicity induced by heterogeneous Al2O3-NPs remains unknown. We herein compared the neurotoxicity of two shapes of γ-Al2O3-NPs (flake versus rod) and their effects on metabolic profiles of astrocytes in rat cerebral cortex. While exposed to both shapes caused significant cytotoxicity and apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner after 72 h exposure, a significantly stronger response was observed for nanorods than for nanoflakes. These effects were associated with significantly greater ROS accumulation and inflammation induction, as indicated by increased concentrations of IL-1β, IL-2 and IL-6. Using untargeted metabolomics, significant alternations in metabolism of amino acids, lipids and purines, and pyrimidines were observed after exposure to both types. Moreover, changes in the metabolome caused by nanorods were significantly greater than those by nanoflakes as also indicated by physiological stress responses to ROS, inflammation, and apoptosis. Taken together, these findings demonstrated the critical role of morphology in determining toxic potencies of nano-alumina and its underlying mechanisms of toxic actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Dong
- National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Song Tang
- National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China; Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China.
| | - Fuchang Deng
- National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China; College of Biotechnology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yufeng Gong
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada
| | - Kangfeng Zhao
- National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Jianjun Zhou
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Cancer Stem Cell Institute, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 310000, China
| | - Donghai Liang
- Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States
| | - Jianlong Fang
- National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Markus Hecker
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada; School of the Environment and Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada
| | - John P Giesy
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada; Department of Biomedical and Veterinary Biosciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada; Department of Environmental Science, Baylor University, Waco, TX, United States
| | - Xuetao Bai
- National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China.
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
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16
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Mediterranean diet: The role of long-chain ω-3 fatty acids in fish; polyphenols in fruits, vegetables, cereals, coffee, tea, cacao and wine; probiotics and vitamins in prevention of stroke, age-related cognitive decline, and Alzheimer disease. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2019; 175:724-741. [PMID: 31521398 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2019.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms of action of the dietary components of the Mediterranean diet are reviewed in prevention of cardiovascular disease, stroke, age-associated cognitive decline and Alzheimer disease. A companion article provides a comprehensive review of extra-virgin olive oil. The benefits of consumption of long-chain ω-3 fatty acids are described. Fresh fish provides eicosapentaenoic acid while α-linolenic acid is found in canola and soybean oils, purslane and nuts. These ω-3 fatty acids interact metabolically with ω-6 fatty acids mainly linoleic acid from corn oil, sunflower oil and peanut oil. Diets rich in ω-6 fatty acids inhibit the formation of healthier ω-3 fatty acids. The deleterious effects on lipid metabolism of excessive intake of carbohydrates, in particular high-fructose corn syrup and artificial sweeteners, are explained. The critical role of the ω-3 fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid in the developing and aging brain and in Alzheimer disease is addressed. Nutritional epidemiology studies, prospective population-based surveys, and clinical trials confirm the salutary effects of fish consumption on prevention of coronary artery disease, stroke and dementia. Recent recommendations on fish consumption by pregnant women and potential mercury toxicity are reviewed. The polyphenols and flavonoids of plant origin play a critical role in the Mediterranean diet, because of their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of benefit in type-2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, stroke and cancer prevention. Polyphenols from fruits and vegetables modulate tau hyperphosphorylation and beta amyloid aggregation in animal models of Alzheimer disease. From the public health viewpoint worldwide the daily consumption of fruits and vegetables has become the main tool for prevention of cardiovascular disease and stroke. We review the important dietary role of cereal grains in prevention of coronary disease and stroke. Polyphenols from grapes, wine and alcoholic beverages are discussed, in particular their effects on coagulation. The mechanisms of action of probiotics and vitamins are also included.
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17
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Gurunathan S, Jeyaraj M, Kang MH, Kim JH. Mitochondrial Peptide Humanin Protects Silver Nanoparticles-Induced Neurotoxicity in Human Neuroblastoma Cancer Cells (SH-SY5Y). Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20184439. [PMID: 31505887 PMCID: PMC6770400 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The extensive usage of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) as medical products such as antimicrobial and anticancer agents has raised concerns about their harmful effects on human beings. AgNPs can potentially induce oxidative stress and apoptosis in cells. However, humanin (HN) is a small secreted peptide that has cytoprotective and neuroprotective cellular effects. The aim of this study was to assess the harmful effects of AgNPs on human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells and also to investigate the protective effect of HN from AgNPs-induced cell death, mitochondrial dysfunctions, DNA damage, and apoptosis. AgNPs were prepared with an average size of 18 nm diameter to study their interaction with SH-SY5Y cells. AgNPs caused a dose-dependent decrease of cell viability and proliferation, induced loss of plasma-membrane integrity, oxidative stress, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and loss of ATP content, amongst other effects. Pretreatment or co-treatment of HN with AgNPs protected cells from several of these AgNPs induced adverse effects. Thus, this study demonstrated for the first time that HN protected neuroblastoma cells against AgNPs-induced neurotoxicity. The mechanisms of the HN-mediated protective effect on neuroblastoma cells may provide further insights for the development of novel therapeutic agents against neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangiliyandi Gurunathan
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Muniyandi Jeyaraj
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Min-Hee Kang
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Jin-Hoi Kim
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
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18
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Xiong Y, Tian X, Ai HW. Molecular Tools to Generate Reactive Oxygen Species in Biological Systems. Bioconjug Chem 2019; 30:1297-1303. [PMID: 30986044 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.9b00191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) not only are byproducts of aerobic respiration, but also play vital roles in metabolism regulation and signal transductions. It is important to understand the functions of ROS in biological systems. In addition, scientists have made use of ROS to kill bacteria and tumors through a process known as photodynamic therapy (PDT). This paper provides a concise review of current molecular tools that can generate ROS in biological systems via either nongenetic or genetically encoded way. Challenges and perspectives are further discussed with the hope of broadening the applications of ROS generators in research and clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xiong
- Center for Membrane and Cell Physiology, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, Department of Chemistry, and the UVA Cancer Center , University of Virginia , 1340 Jefferson Park Avenue , Charlottesville , Virginia 22908 , United States
| | - Xiaodong Tian
- Center for Membrane and Cell Physiology, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, Department of Chemistry, and the UVA Cancer Center , University of Virginia , 1340 Jefferson Park Avenue , Charlottesville , Virginia 22908 , United States
| | - Hui-Wang Ai
- Center for Membrane and Cell Physiology, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, Department of Chemistry, and the UVA Cancer Center , University of Virginia , 1340 Jefferson Park Avenue , Charlottesville , Virginia 22908 , United States
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19
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Zhou L, Cheng Y. Alpha-lipoic acid alleviated 6-OHDA-induced cell damage by inhibiting AMPK/mTOR mediated autophagy. Neuropharmacology 2019; 155:98-103. [PMID: 30986422 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2019.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress and autophagy are involved in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. The relationship between oxidative stress and autophagy is a hot spot of scientific research. Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) is a natural antioxidant. ALA has been reported to reduce oxidative stress and apoptosis in PD models, but its role in autophagy regulation of PD has been reported very little. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of ALA on 6-OHDA induced neurotoxicity, and explored the potential mechanisms associated with the crosstalk between oxidative stress and autophagy. Our results showed that 6-OHDA induced accumulation of ROS in SH-SY5Y cells, accompanied by excessive autophagy and apoptosis. ALA protected against 6-OHDA induced neuronal death through inhibition of oxidative stress and autophagy. Furthermore, we found that ALA inhibited AMPK phosphorylation while activated mTOR phosphorylation thereby blocking AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway involved autophagy. In conclusion, ALA alleviated 6-OHDA induced cell injury possibly by inhibiting autophagy mediated by AMPK/mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Zhou
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Fourth Centre Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300140, China
| | - Yan Cheng
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China.
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20
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Mandal PK, Shukla D, Tripathi M, Ersland L. Cognitive Improvement with Glutathione Supplement in Alzheimer’s Disease: A Way Forward. J Alzheimers Dis 2019; 68:531-535. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-181054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pravat K. Mandal
- Neuroimaging and Neurospectroscopy Laboratory (NINS), National Brain Research Centre, Gurgaon, India
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne Medical school campus, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Deepika Shukla
- Neuroimaging and Neurospectroscopy Laboratory (NINS), National Brain Research Centre, Gurgaon, India
| | - Manjari Tripathi
- Department of Neurology, All Indian Institute of Medical Science, New Delhi, India
| | - Lars Ersland
- Department of Clinical Engineering, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Norway
- NORMENT Center of Excellence, Haukeland University Hospital, Norway
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21
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Dong P, Ji X, Han W, Han H. Oxymatrine attenuates amyloid beta 42 (Aβ1–42)-induced neurotoxicity in primary neuronal cells and memory impairment in rats. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2019; 97:99-106. [DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2018-0299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Amyloid beta 42 (Aβ1–42)-induced oxidative stress causes the death of neuronal cells and is involved in the development of Alzheimer’s disease. Oxymatrine (OMT) inhibits oxidative stress. In this study, we investigated the effect of OMT on Aβ1–42-induced neurotoxicity in vivo and in vitro. In the Morris water maze test, OMT significantly decreased escape latency and increased the number of platform crossings. In vitro, OMT markedly increased cell viability and superoxide dismutase activity. Moreover, OMT decreased lactate dehydrogenase leakage, malondialdehyde content, and reactive oxygen species in a dose-dependent manner. OMT upregulated the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax and downregulated the level of caspase-3. Furthermore, OMT inhibited the activation of MAP kinase (ERK 1/2, JNK) and nuclear factor κB. In summary, OMT may potentially be used in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiliang Dong
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Xiaomeng Ji
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Wei Han
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia, Ministry of Education of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Hua Han
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
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Fachel FNS, Schuh RS, Veras KS, Bassani VL, Koester LS, Henriques AT, Braganhol E, Teixeira HF. An overview of the neuroprotective potential of rosmarinic acid and its association with nanotechnology-based delivery systems: A novel approach to treating neurodegenerative disorders. Neurochem Int 2019; 122:47-58. [PMID: 30439384 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2018.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders (ND) are characterized by slow and progressive neuronal dysfunction induced by the degeneration of neuronal cells in the central nervous system (CNS). Recently, the neuroprotective effects of natural compounds with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities has been clearly demonstrated. This appears to be an attractive therapeutic approach for ND, particularly regarding the use of polyphenols. In this review, we present an overview of the neuroprotective potential of rosmarinic acid (RA) and discuss the use of nanotechnology as a novel approach to treating ND. RA presents a variety of biological important activities, i.e. the modulation of pro-inflammatory cytokine expression, prevention of neurodegeneration and damage reduction. However, its poor bioavailability represents a limitation in terms of pharmacodynamics. In this sense, nanotechnology-based carriers could allow for the administration of higher but still safe amounts of RA, aiming for CNS delivery. Nasal administration could be a pleasant route for delivery to the CNS, as this represents a direct route to the CNS. With these advantages, RA-loaded nanotechnology-based therapy through the nasal route could be promising approach for the treatment of ND.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávia Nathiely Silveira Fachel
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Roselena Silvestri Schuh
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Kleyton Santos Veras
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Valquíria Linck Bassani
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Letícia Scherer Koester
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Amelia Teresinha Henriques
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Elizandra Braganhol
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Helder Ferreira Teixeira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Weng M, Xie X, Liu C, Lim KL, Zhang CW, Li L. The Sources of Reactive Oxygen Species and Its Possible Role in the Pathogenesis of Parkinson's Disease. PARKINSON'S DISEASE 2018; 2018:9163040. [PMID: 30245802 PMCID: PMC6139203 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9163040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. The precise mechanism underlying pathogenesis of PD is not fully understood, but it has been widely accepted that excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) are the key mediator of PD pathogenesis. The causative factors of PD such as gene mutation, neuroinflammation, and iron accumulation all could induce ROS generation, and the later would mediate the dopaminergic neuron death by causing oxidation protein, lipids, and other macromolecules in the cells. Obviously, it is of mechanistic and therapeutic significance to understand where ROS are derived and how ROS induce dopaminergic neuron damage. In the present review, we try to summarize and discuss the main source of ROS in PD and the key pathways through which ROS mediate DA neuron death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minrui Weng
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Xiaoji Xie
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593
| | - Kah-Leong Lim
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593
| | - Cheng-wu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Lin Li
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
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The Secretion from Neural Stem Cells Pretreated with Lycopene Protects against tert-Butyl Hydroperoxide-Induced Neuron Oxidative Damage. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:5490218. [PMID: 30140366 PMCID: PMC6081585 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5490218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Neural stem cells (NSCs) hold great potential for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) through both cellular replacement and their secretion of trophic factors. Lycopene is a potent β-carotenoid antioxidant that has been shown to ameliorate oxidative damage in previous studies. However, it is unclear if lycopene can interact with NSCs to induce the secretion of growth factors, and whether pretreatment with lycopene will allow NSCs to secrete enough trophic factors to reduce oxidative damage to neurons. We pretreated cultured NSCs with lycopene, then applied the lycopene-treated-NSC-conditioned media (Ly-NSC-CM) to primary neuronal cultures exposed to tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP) to induce oxidative damage. We found that lycopene promoted the secretion of nerve growth factor (NGF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) from NSCs. In addition, Ly-NSC-CM attenuated oxidative stress and reduced t-BHP-induced cell apoptosis. We found an antiapoptotic effect related to inhibited expression of Bax/Bcl-2, cytochrome C, and cleaved caspase-3. Moreover, Ly-NSC-CM increased the levels of synaptic proteins, including synaptophysin (SYP) and postsynaptic density 95 (PSD-95), and activated the PI3K/Akt pathway in cultured neurons. Collectively, these data indicate that Ly-NSC-CM could protect neurons from t-BHP-induced oxidative damage.
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Kim Y, Santos R, Gage FH, Marchetto MC. Molecular Mechanisms of Bipolar Disorder: Progress Made and Future Challenges. Front Cell Neurosci 2017; 11:30. [PMID: 28261061 PMCID: PMC5306135 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2017.00030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a chronic and progressive psychiatric illness characterized by mood oscillations, with episodes of mania and depression. The impact of BD on patients can be devastating, with up to 15% of patients committing suicide. This disorder is associated with psychiatric and medical comorbidities and patients with a high risk of drug abuse, metabolic and endocrine disorders and vascular disease. Current knowledge of the pathophysiology and molecular mechanisms causing BD is still modest. With no clear biological markers available, early diagnosis is a great challenge to clinicians without previous knowledge of the longitudinal progress of illness. Moreover, despite recommendations from evidence-based guidelines, polypharmacy is still common in clinical treatment of BD, reflecting the gap between research and clinical practice. A major challenge in BD is the development of effective drugs with low toxicity for the patients. In this review article, we focus on the progress made and future challenges we face in determining the pathophysiology and molecular pathways involved in BD, such as circadian and metabolic perturbations, mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) dysfunction, autophagy and glutamatergic neurotransmission; which may lead to the development of new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeni Kim
- Laboratory of Genetics, The Salk Institute for Biological StudiesLa Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, National Center for Mental HealthSeoul, South Korea
| | - Renata Santos
- Laboratory of Genetics, The Salk Institute for Biological StudiesLa Jolla, CA, USA; Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS)Paris, France
| | - Fred H Gage
- Laboratory of Genetics, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Maria C Marchetto
- Laboratory of Genetics, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies La Jolla, CA, USA
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Kale OE, Awodele O, Ogundare TF, Ekor M. Amlodipine, an L-type calcium channel blocker, protects against chlorpromazine-induced neurobehavioural deficits in mice. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2017; 31:329-339. [PMID: 28103649 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Revised: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the modulatory and chemopreventive benefit of amlodipine (AML), a dihydropyridine calcium channel antagonist, against neurobehavioural abnormalities (NAs) associated with chlorpromazine (CPZ) toxicity in mice. Adult mice were divided into five groups of six animals/group. Group 1 (control) was administered saline (10 mL/kg i.p.). Group 2 received CPZ (2 mg/kg i.p.). Groups 3 and 4 received bromocriptine (BMC, 2.5 mg/kg s.c.) and AML (1 mg/kg s.c.), respectively, while group 5 received their combination. Groups 3-5 later received CPZ 30 min after initial treatments. Animals were subjected to neurobehavioural tests and euthanized 18 h later. CPZ-induced NAs were characterized by significant increase (P < 0.001) in cataleptic behaviour and lowered (P < 0.05) spontaneous activity reaction time in mice. There were also significant (P < 0.001) increases in malondialdehyde levels and decreased locomotion plus learning and memory parameters (P < 0.05-0.001). AML pretreatment alone did not alleviate CPZ-induced motor deficits in the mice. While pretreatment with BMC alone attenuated CPZ-associated catalepsy, its combination with AML further protected mice against NAs. Furthermore, BMC pretreatment did not affect CPZ-induced increase in malondialdehyde level, but AML or BMC+AML significantly (P < 0.05) decreased malondialdehyde in the CPZ-treated rats. Reduced glutathione levels and activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase remained elevated in all treatment groups. In conclusion, data from this study suggest possible chemopreventive benefit of AML alone or in combination with BMC against CPZ-associated neurobehavioural deficits. The ameliorative effect of AML may be related to its antioxidant and/or calcium channel blocking property.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwafemi E Kale
- Department of Pharmacology, Benjamin Carson (Snr.) School of Medicine, Babcock University, Ilisan-Remo, Ogun State, 21244 Ikeja, Nigeria.,Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, P.M.B 12003 Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Olufunsho Awodele
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, P.M.B 12003 Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Temitope F Ogundare
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, P.M.B 12003 Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Martins Ekor
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
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Lahouel A, Kebieche M, Lakroun Z, Rouabhi R, Fetoui H, Chtourou Y, Djamila Z, Soulimani R. Neurobehavioral deficits and brain oxidative stress induced by chronic low dose exposure of persistent organic pollutants mixture in adult female rat. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:19030-19040. [PMID: 27240828 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6913-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are long-lived organic compounds that are considered one of the major risks to ecosystem and human health. Recently, great concerns are raised about POPs mixtures and its potential toxicity even in low doses of daily human exposure. The brain is mostly targeted by these lipophilic compounds because of its important contain in lipids. So, it would be quite interesting to study the effects of exposure to these mixtures and evaluate their combined toxicity on brain cells. The present study was designed to characterize the cognitive and locomotors deficits and brain areas redox status in rat model. An orally chronic exposure to a representative mixture of POPs composed of endosulfan (2.6 μg/kg), chlorpyrifos (5.2 μg/kg), naphthalene (0.023 μg/kg) and benzopyrane (0.002 μg/kg); the same mixture with concentration multiplied by 10 and 100 was also tested. Exposed rats have shown a disturbance of memory and a decrease in learning ability concluded by Morris water maze and the open field tests results and anxiolytic behaviour in the test of light/dark box compared to control. Concerning brain redox homeostasis, exposed rats have shown an increased malondialdehyde (MDA) amount and an alteration in glutathione (GSH) levels in both the brain mitochondria and cytosolic fractions of the cerebellum, striatum and hippocampus. These effects were accompanied by a decrease in levels of cytosolic glutathione S-transferase (GST) and a highly significant increase in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities in both cytosolic and mitochondrial fractions. The current study suggests that environmental exposure to daily even low doses of POPs mixtures through diet induces oxidative stress status in the brain and especially in the mitochondria with important cognitive and locomotor behaviour variations in the rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Lahouel
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Jijel, Jijel, Algeria
| | - Mohamed Kebieche
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Jijel, Jijel, Algeria.
- Laboratory of Food Neurotoxicology and Bioactivity, University of Metz, Metz, France.
| | - Zohra Lakroun
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Jijel, Jijel, Algeria
| | - Rachid Rouabhi
- Faculty of SESNV, Applied Biology Department, University of Tebessa, Tebessa, Algeria
| | - Hamadi Fetoui
- Toxicology-Microbiology and Environmental Health Unit (UR11ES70), University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Yassine Chtourou
- Toxicology-Microbiology and Environmental Health Unit (UR11ES70), University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Zama Djamila
- Department of Animal Biology, University of Mentouri 1, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Rachid Soulimani
- Laboratory of Food Neurotoxicology and Bioactivity, University of Metz, Metz, France
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Shi J, Tan YL, Wang ZR, An HM, Li J, Wang YC, Lv MH, Yan SX, Wu JQ, Soares JC, De Yang F, Zhang XY. Ginkgo biloba and vitamin E ameliorate haloperidol-induced vacuous chewingmovement and brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression in a rat tardive dyskinesia model. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2016; 148:53-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2016.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2016] [Revised: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Activation of NRF2/ARE by isosilybin alleviates Aβ25-35-induced oxidative stress injury in HT-22 cells. Neurosci Lett 2016; 632:92-7. [PMID: 27567700 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2016.08.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2016] [Revised: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Aβ-mediated oxidative stress damage is considered a direct cause of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Therefore, drugs that have been developed to block oxidative stress are considered effective for AD treatment. Isosilybin is a flavonoid compound extracted from Silybum marianum, and it has been confirmed to have many pharmacological activities. This study aimed to verify that isosilybin could alleviate the Aβ25-35-induced oxidative stress damage in HT-22 hippocampal cells and to investigate the specific targets of isosilybin. A non-toxic dose of isosilybin significantly inhibited the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the release of malondialdehyde (MDA) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and the Aβ25-35-stimulated reduction in total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC). Subsequent studies showed that isosilybin significantly increased the protein and mRNA expression of antioxidases, including heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and aldo-keto reductases 1C1 and 1C2 (AKR1C2). Moreover, isosilybin stimulated the activity of an antioxidant-response element (ARE)-driven luciferase reporter gene. Further studies showed that isosilybin induced the expression of NFR-2 in a time- and dose-dependent manner and promoted its translocation to the nucleus. This result indicated that the antioxidant function of isosilybin might be achieved through the activation of NRF2/ARE signalling. Subsequent studies showed that the NRF2-specific agonist t-BHQ effectively inhibited ROS, MDA and LDH release and T-AOC reduction under Aβ25-35 stimulation. In addition, t-BHQ induced the expression of HO-1, GST, and AKR1C2, as well as the activity of ARE luciferase reporter plasmids. NRF2 siRNA blocked the antioxidative stress damage function of isosilybin. Therefore, NRF2 is likely to be a key mediator of isosilybin's anti-Aβ25-35-mediated oxidative stress damage function. Overall, our results confirmed that isosilybin regulates the expression of HO-1, GST, and AKR1C2 through the activation of NRF2/ARE signalling, inhibiting ROS accumulation and ultimately alleviating Aβ25-35-induced oxidative stress damage in HT-22 cells.
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Jiang Y, Liu Z, Holenz J, Yang H. Competitive Intelligence–based Lead Generation and Fast Follower Approaches. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/9783527677047.ch08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Elmann A, Telerman A, Erlank H, Ofir R, Kashman Y, Beit-Yannai E. Achillolide A Protects Astrocytes against Oxidative Stress by Reducing Intracellular Reactive Oxygen Species and Interfering with Cell Signaling. Molecules 2016; 21:301. [PMID: 26950103 PMCID: PMC6274406 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21030301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Revised: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Achillolide A is a natural sesquiterpene lactone that we have previously shown can inhibit microglial activation. In this study we present evidence for its beneficial effects on astrocytes under oxidative stress, a situation relevant to neurodegenerative diseases and brain injuries. Viability of brain astrocytes (primary cultures) was determined by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, intracellular ROS levels were detected using 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate, in vitro antioxidant activity was measured by differential pulse voltammetry, and protein phosphorylation was determined using specific ELISA kits. We have found that achillolide A prevented the H₂O₂-induced death of astrocytes, and attenuated the induced intracellular accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). These activities could be attributed to the inhibition of the H₂O₂-induced phosphorylation of MAP/ERK kinase 1 (MEK1) and p44/42 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), and to the antioxidant activity of achillolide A, but not to H₂O₂ scavenging. This is the first study that demonstrates its protective effects on brain astrocytes, and its ability to interfere with MAPK activation. We propose that achillolide A deserves further evaluation for its potential to be developed as a drug for the prevention/treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and brain injuries where oxidative stress is part of the pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anat Elmann
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, The Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel.
| | - Alona Telerman
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, The Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel.
| | - Hilla Erlank
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, The Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel.
| | - Rivka Ofir
- Dead Sea & Arava Science Center and Regenerative Medicine & Stem Cell Research Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheba 84105, Israel.
| | - Yoel Kashman
- Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, School of chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv 69978, Israel.
| | - Elie Beit-Yannai
- Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheba 84105, Israel.
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Velena A, Zarkovic N, Gall Troselj K, Bisenieks E, Krauze A, Poikans J, Duburs G. 1,4-Dihydropyridine Derivatives: Dihydronicotinamide Analogues-Model Compounds Targeting Oxidative Stress. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:1892412. [PMID: 26881016 PMCID: PMC4736762 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1892412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Many 1,4-dihydropyridines (DHPs) possess redox properties. In this review DHPs are surveyed as protectors against oxidative stress (OS) and related disorders, considering the DHPs as specific group of potential antioxidants with bioprotective capacities. They have several peculiarities related to antioxidant activity (AOA). Several commercially available calcium antagonist, 1,4-DHP drugs, their metabolites, and calcium agonists were shown to express AOA. Synthesis, hydrogen donor properties, AOA, and methods and approaches used to reveal biological activities of various groups of 1,4-DHPs are presented. Examples of DHPs antioxidant activities and protective effects of DHPs against OS induced damage in low density lipoproteins (LDL), mitochondria, microsomes, isolated cells, and cell cultures are highlighted. Comparison of the AOA of different DHPs and other antioxidants is also given. According to the data presented, the DHPs might be considered as bellwether among synthetic compounds targeting OS and potential pharmacological model compounds targeting oxidative stress important for medicinal chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrida Velena
- Laboratory of Membrane Active Compounds and Beta-Diketones, Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Riga LV-1006, Latvia
| | - Neven Zarkovic
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Egils Bisenieks
- Laboratory of Membrane Active Compounds and Beta-Diketones, Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Riga LV-1006, Latvia
| | - Aivars Krauze
- Laboratory of Membrane Active Compounds and Beta-Diketones, Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Riga LV-1006, Latvia
| | - Janis Poikans
- Laboratory of Membrane Active Compounds and Beta-Diketones, Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Riga LV-1006, Latvia
| | - Gunars Duburs
- Laboratory of Membrane Active Compounds and Beta-Diketones, Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Riga LV-1006, Latvia
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Beneficial effects of EGb761 and vitamin E on haloperidol-induced vacuous chewing movements in rats: Possible involvement of S100B mechanisms. Behav Brain Res 2016; 297:124-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2015.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Revised: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Thymoquinone treatment for inner-ear acoustic trauma in rats. The Journal of Laryngology & Otology 2015; 129:38-45. [PMID: 25557394 DOI: 10.1017/s0022215114002680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether thymoquinone has any eliminative effects against inner-ear damage caused by acoustic trauma. METHODS Thirty-two male rats were divided into four groups. Group 1 was only exposed to acoustic trauma. Group 2 was given thymoquinone 24 hours before acoustic trauma and continued to receive it for 10 days after the trauma. Group 3 was only treated with thymoquinone, for 10 days. Group 4, the control group, suffered no trauma and received saline instead of thymoquinone. Groups 1 and 2 were exposed to acoustic trauma using 105 dB SPL white noise for 4 hours. RESULTS There was a significant decrease in distortion product otoacoustic emission values and an increase in auditory brainstem response thresholds in group 1 on days 1, 5 and 10, compared with baseline measurements. In group 2, a decrease in distortion product otoacoustic emission values and an increase in auditory brainstem response threshold were observed on day 1 after acoustic trauma, but measurements were comparable to baseline values on days 5 and 10. In group 3, thymoquinone had no detrimental effects on hearing. Similarly, the control group showed stable results. CONCLUSION Thymoquinone was demonstrated to be a reparative rather than preventive treatment that could be used to relieve acoustic trauma.
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Pu QH, He JL, Wu MJ, Li JJ, Yang Z, Wang YX, Yu C. iTRAQ-based proteomic analysis of tetramethylpyrazine inhibition on lipopolysaccharide-induced microglial activation. Life Sci 2014; 121:46-56. [PMID: 25476832 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2014.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2014] [Revised: 10/17/2014] [Accepted: 11/14/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Neurodegenerative diseases are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Several studies have shown that tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) is an effective therapy for neurodegenerative diseases and that it acts by inhibiting the activation of microglial cells in response to inflammatory stimuli. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the action of TMP remain unknown. MAIN METHODS Proteomic analysis was used to generate novel insights into the mechanism by which TMP inhibits microglial activation, and western blotting was used to validate candidate proteins. KEY FINDINGS To identify candidate proteins affected by TMP in lipopolysaccharide-activated microglia, we performed proteomic analysis using iTRAQ labelling coupled with LC TRIPLE-TOF, and we identified 5187 unique proteins. Among these, 266 proteins were differentially expressed and considered putative candidate proteins. Protein annotation revealed that the differentially expressed proteins, such as inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and ERO1-like protein (ERO1L), might be involved in reducing cellular oxidation in response to stress. Ingenuity pathway analysis revealed that the differentially expressed proteins were involved in a variety of signalling pathways, including liver X receptor/retinoid X receptor (LXR/RXR) activation and the production of nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species in macrophages. Furthermore, one of the differentially expressed protein candidates detected by iTRAQ, iNOS, was confirmed by western blotting. SIGNIFICANCE Our data suggest that iTRAQ technology is an effective tool to study the mechanism by which TMP inhibits activated microglia. TMP decreased the expression of LXR/RXR-mediated iNOS, which reduced microglial activation in response to inflammatory stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang-Hong Pu
- Institute of Life Science and School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Jun-Lin He
- Institute of Life Science and School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Ming-Jun Wu
- Institute of Life Science and School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Jia-Jia Li
- Institute of Life Science and School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Zhu Yang
- Institute of Life Science and School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Ying-Xiong Wang
- Institute of Life Science and School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Chao Yu
- Institute of Life Science and School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China.
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Ansciaux E, Burtea C, Laurent S, Crombez D, Nonclercq D, Vander Elst L, Muller RN. In vitro and in vivo characterization of several functionalized ultrasmall particles of iron oxide, vectorized against amyloid plaques and potentially able to cross the blood-brain barrier: toward earlier diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease by molecular imag. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2014; 10:211-24. [DOI: 10.1002/cmmi.1626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2014] [Revised: 07/13/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Ansciaux
- Department of General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory; University of Mons; Avenue Maistriau 19, Mendeleev Building B-7000 Mons Belgium
| | - Carmen Burtea
- Department of General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory; University of Mons; Avenue Maistriau 19, Mendeleev Building B-7000 Mons Belgium
| | - Sophie Laurent
- Department of General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory; University of Mons; Avenue Maistriau 19, Mendeleev Building B-7000 Mons Belgium
| | - Deborah Crombez
- Department of General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory; University of Mons; Avenue Maistriau 19, Mendeleev Building B-7000 Mons Belgium
| | - Denis Nonclercq
- Laboratory of Histology; University of Mons; Pentagon - 1B, 6 Avenue du Champ de Mars B-7000 Mons Belgium
| | - Luce Vander Elst
- Department of General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory; University of Mons; Avenue Maistriau 19, Mendeleev Building B-7000 Mons Belgium
| | - Robert N. Muller
- Department of General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory; University of Mons; Avenue Maistriau 19, Mendeleev Building B-7000 Mons Belgium
- Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging; 8, rue Adrienne Bolland 6041 Gosselies Belgium
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Savion N, Izigov N, Morein M, Pri-Chen S, Kotev-Emeth S. S-Allylmercapto-N-acetylcysteine (ASSNAC) protects cultured nerve cells from oxidative stress and attenuates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Neurosci Lett 2014; 583:108-13. [PMID: 25263785 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2014.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Revised: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress and/or low cellular glutathione are associated with development and progression of neurodegenerative diseases. We have shown that S-allylmercapto-N-acetylcysteine (ASSNAC) up-regulates the level of glutathione and phase II detoxifying enzymes in cultured vascular endothelial cells. The present study demonstrates that exposure of nerve cell lines to ASSNAC significantly increases the cellular level of glutathione probably via activation of nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and protects the cells from tBuOOH-induced cytotoxicity. Furthermore, ASSNAC increases the level of mice spinal cord and brain glutathione (by 54% and 47%, respectively) and attenuates the clinical symptoms of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in mice. In conclusion, these data implicate ASSNAC to protect nerve cells, both in vitro and in vivo, from oxidative stress and thereby to attenuate the clinical symptoms of EAE, suggesting its potential use for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naphtali Savion
- Goldschleger Eye Research Institute, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer 52621, Israel.
| | - Nira Izigov
- Goldschleger Eye Research Institute, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer 52621, Israel
| | - Milana Morein
- Goldschleger Eye Research Institute, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer 52621, Israel
| | - Sarah Pri-Chen
- Goldschleger Eye Research Institute, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer 52621, Israel
| | - Shlomo Kotev-Emeth
- Goldschleger Eye Research Institute, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer 52621, Israel
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Elmann A, Telerman A, Mordechay S, Erlank H, Rindner M, Ofir R, Kashman Y. 3,5,4'-Trihydroxy-6,7,3'-trimethoxyflavone protects astrocytes against oxidative stress via interference with cell signaling and by reducing the levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species. Neurochem Int 2014; 78:67-75. [PMID: 25217804 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2014.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2014] [Revised: 08/31/2014] [Accepted: 09/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is tightly involved in various neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases, and conditions such as ischemia. Astrocytes, the most abundant glial cells in the brain, protect neurons from reactive oxygen species (ROS) and provide them with trophic support. Therefore, any damage to astrocytes will affect neuronal survival. In a previous study we have demonstrated that an extract prepared from the plant Achillea fragrantissima (Af) prevented the oxidative stress-induced death of astrocytes and attenuated the intracellular accumulation of ROS in astrocytes under oxidative stress. In the present study, using activity guided fractionation, we have purified from this plant the active compound, determined to be a flavonoid named 3,5,4'-trihydroxy-6,7,3'-trimethoxyflavone (TTF). The effects of TTF in any biological system have not been studied previously, and this is the first study to characterize the anti-oxidant and protective effects of this compound in the context of neurodegenerative diseases. Using primary cultures of astrocytes we have found that TTF prevented the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced death of astrocytes, and attenuated the intracellular accumulation of ROS following treatment of these cells with H2O2 or the peroxyl radicals generating molecule 2,2'-Azobis(amidinopropane) (ABAP). TTF also interfered with cell signaling events and inhibited the phosphorylation of the signaling proteins stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (SAPK/JNK), extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK 1/2) and mitogen activated protein kinase kinase (MEK1) and the phosphorylation of the transcription factor cyclic AMP response element-binding protein (CREB). The mechanism of the protective effect of TTF against H2O2-cytotoxicity could not be attributed to a direct H2O2 scavenging but rather to the scavenging of free radicals as was shown in cell free systems. Thus, TTF might be a therapeutic candidate for the prevention/treatment of neurodegenerative diseases where oxidative stress is part of the pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anat Elmann
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel.
| | - Alona Telerman
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel
| | - Sharon Mordechay
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel
| | - Hilla Erlank
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel
| | - Miriam Rindner
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel
| | - Rivka Ofir
- The Dead Sea & Arava Science Center and Regenerative Medicine & Stem Cell Research Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheba, 84105, Israel
| | - Yoel Kashman
- School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv 69978, Israel
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Safar MM, Abdelsalam RM. H2S donors attenuate diabetic nephropathy in rats: Modulation of oxidant status and polyol pathway. Pharmacol Rep 2014; 67:17-23. [PMID: 25560570 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2014.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2013] [Revised: 07/26/2014] [Accepted: 08/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sulfurous mineral water and its main active ingredient sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) are major sources of H2S. The present study aimed to explore their protective effect on one of the serious long-term complications of diabetes; diabetic nephropathy. METHODS Sulfurous mineral water (as drinking water), NaHS (14 μmol/kg/day; ip), and gliclazide (10mg/kg; po) were administered daily for 6 weeks to streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic rats. RESULTS STZ-induced diabetes was associated with body weight reduction, hyperglycemia, overproduction of glycated hemoglobin, as well as decline in serum insulin, C-peptide, and insulin like growth factor-I. Besides, diabetes impaired kidney functions and imposed oxidative and nitrosative stress as manifested by elevated contents of renal thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and nitric oxide, parallel to reduced glutathione content. These deleterious effects were antagonized by sulfurous water and to a better extent by NaHS. Activities of myeloperoxidase and sorbitol dehydrogenase were not altered by STZ or any of the treatments. However, STZ-induced diabetes was accompanied by an increment of aldose reductase which was only mitigated by gliclazide and NaHS. Histopathological examination of kidney sections corroborated the biochemical findings. CONCLUSION This study suggests a novel therapeutic approach for diabetic nephropathy using H2S donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa M Safar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Rania M Abdelsalam
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Prandelli C, Parola C, Buizza L, Delbarba A, Marziano M, Salvi V, Zacchi V, Memo M, Sozzani S, Calza S, Uberti D, Bosisio D. Sulphurous thermal water increases the release of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 and modulates antioxidant enzyme activity. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2014; 26:633-46. [PMID: 24067460 DOI: 10.1177/039463201302600307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The beneficial effects of hot springs have been known for centuries and treatments with sulphurous thermal waters are recommended in a number of chronic pathologies as well as acute recurrent infections. However, the positive effects of the therapy are often evaluated in terms of subjective sense of wellbeing and symptomatic clinical improvements. Here, the effects of an S-based compound (NaSH) and of a specific sulphurous thermal water characterized by additional ions such as sodium chloride, bromine and iodine (STW) were investigated in terms of cytokine release and anti-oxidant enzyme activity in primary human monocytes and in saliva from 50 airway disease patients subjected to thermal treatments. In vitro, NaSH efficiently blocked the induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines and counterbalanced the formation of ROS. Despite STW not recapitulating these results, possibly due to the low concentration of S-based compounds reached at the minimum non-toxic dilution, we found that it enhanced the release of IL-10, a potent anti-inflammatory cytokine. Notably, higher levels of IL-10 were also observed in patients' saliva following STW treatment and this increase correlated positively with salivary catalase activity (r2 = 0.19, *p less than 0.01). To our knowledge, these results represent the first evidence suggesting that S-based compounds and STW may prove useful in facing chronic inflammatory and age-related illness due to combined anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Prandelli
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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Soria M, González-Haro C, Esteva S, Escanero JF, Pina JR. Effect of sulphurous mineral water in haematological and biochemical markers of muscle damage after an endurance exercise in well-trained athletes. J Sports Sci 2014; 32:954-62. [DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2013.868921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Ziemińska E, Stafiej A, Strużyńska L. The role of the glutamatergic NMDA receptor in nanosilver-evoked neurotoxicity in primary cultures of cerebellar granule cells. Toxicology 2014; 315:38-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2013.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2013] [Revised: 11/08/2013] [Accepted: 11/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Protective and antioxidant effects of a chalconoid from Pulicaria incisa on brain astrocytes. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2013; 2013:694398. [PMID: 24069503 PMCID: PMC3771428 DOI: 10.1155/2013/694398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2013] [Revised: 07/24/2013] [Accepted: 07/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases. Astrocytes, the most abundant glial cells in the brain, protect neurons from reactive oxygen species (ROS) and provide them with trophic support, such as glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF). Thus, any damage to astrocytes will affect neuronal survival. In the present study, by activity-guided fractionation, we have purified from the desert plant Pulicaria incisa two protective compounds and determined their structures by spectroscopic methods. The compounds were found to be new chalcones—pulichalconoid B and pulichalconoid C. This is the first study to characterize the antioxidant and protective effects of these compounds in any biological system. Using primary cultures of astrocytes, we have found that pulichalconoid B attenuated the accumulation of ROS following treatment of these cells with hydrogen peroxide by 89% and prevented 89% of the H2O2-induced death of astrocytes. Pulichalconoid B exhibited an antioxidant effect both in vitro and in the cellular antioxidant assay in astrocytes and microglial cells. Pulichalconoid B also caused a fourfold increase in GDNF transcription in these cells. Thus, this chalcone deserves further studies in order to evaluate if beneficial therapeutic effect exists.
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Prezzavento O, Arena E, Parenti C, Pasquinucci L, Aricò G, Scoto GM, Grancara S, Toninello A, Ronsisvalle S. Design and synthesis of new bifunctional sigma-1 selective ligands with antioxidant activity. J Med Chem 2013; 56:2447-55. [PMID: 23470245 DOI: 10.1021/jm3017893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Herein we report the synthesis of new bifunctional sigma-1 (σ1)-selective ligands with antioxidant activity. To achieve this goal, we combined the structure of lipoic acid, a universal antioxidant, with an appropriate sigma aminic moiety. Ligands 14 and 26 displayed high affinity and selectivity for σ1 receptors (Kiσ1 = 1.8 and 5.5 nM; Kiσ2/σ1 = 354 and 414, respectively). Compound 26 exhibited in vivo antiopioid effects on kappa opioid (KOP) receptor-mediated analgesia. In rat liver and brain mitochondria (RLM, RBM), this compound significantly reduced the swelling and the oxidation of thiol groups induced by calcium ions. Our results demonstrate that the tested compound has protective effects against oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Prezzavento
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy.
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Oxidative stress, cancer, and sleep deprivation: is there a logical link in this association? Sleep Breath 2013; 17:905-10. [PMID: 23371889 DOI: 10.1007/s11325-012-0797-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2012] [Revised: 12/18/2012] [Accepted: 12/24/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sleep disorders are associated with various human pathologies and interfere with biological processes essential for health and quality of life. On the other hand, cancer is one of the most common diseases worldwide with an average of 1,500 deaths per day in the USA. Is there a factor common to both sleep disorders and cancer that serves to link these conditions? DISCUSSION It is a normal process for cellular metabolism to produce reactive oxidant series (ROS). However, when the production of ROS overcomes the antioxidant capacity of the cell to eliminate these products, the resulting state is called oxidative stress. Oxidative DNA damage may participate in ROS-induced carcinogenesis. Moreover, ROS are also produced in the sleep deprivation process. The aim of this article is to review pathways and mechanisms that may point to oxidative stress as a link between sleep deprivation and cancer.
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Tenti G, Egea J, Villarroya M, León R, Fernández JC, Padín JF, Sridharan V, Ramos MT, Menéndez JC. Identification of 4,6-diaryl-1,4-dihydropyridines as a new class of neuroprotective agents. MEDCHEMCOMM 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3md20345j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Antioxidant and astroprotective effects of a Pulicaria incisa infusion. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2012; 2012:157598. [PMID: 23320126 PMCID: PMC3540991 DOI: 10.1155/2012/157598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2012] [Accepted: 11/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases. Astrocytes, the most abundant glial cells in the brain, protect neurons from reactive oxygen species (ROS) and provide them with trophic support, such as glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF). Thus, any damage to astrocytes will affect neuronal survival. In the present study, an infusion prepared from the desert plant Pulicaria incisa (Pi) was tested for its protective and antioxidant effects on astrocytes subjected to oxidative stress. The Pi infusion attenuated the intracellular accumulation of ROS following treatment with hydrogen peroxide and zinc and prevented the H(2)O(2)-induced death of astrocytes. The Pi infusion also exhibited an antioxidant effect in vitro and induced GDNF transcription in astrocytes. It is proposed that this Pi infusion be further evaluated for use as a functional beverage for the prevention and/or treatment of brain injuries and neurodegenerative diseases in which oxidative stress plays a role.
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Zhang XY, Zhang WF, Zhou DF, Chen DC, Xiu MH, Wu HR, Haile CN, Kosten TA, Kosten TR. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels and its Val66Met gene polymorphism predict tardive dyskinesia treatment response to Ginkgo biloba. Biol Psychiatry 2012; 72:700-6. [PMID: 22695185 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2012.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2012] [Revised: 04/25/2012] [Accepted: 04/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tardive dyskinesia (TD) has no well-accepted treatments or known pathophysiology, but low brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) may play an important role in its pathophysiology. Ginkgo biloba (EGb-761) is a potent antioxidant that has neuroprotective effects mediated through enhancing BDNF levels. We hypothesized that treatment with EGb-761 would increase serum BDNF levels and reduce TD, particularly among schizophrenia patients who have the BDNF valine 66 to methionine (Val66Met) genotype (Val/Val). METHODS Serum BDNF levels and genotyping for the BDNF gene Val66Met polymorphism were assessed in Chinese schizophrenic patients with (n = 368) and without (n = 563) TD as well as healthy control subjects (n = 546). About half of the TD patients (n = 157) then participated in a double-blind, randomized, placebo-control 12-week treatment with 240 mg per day of EGb-761. Serum BDNF levels were measured again at posttreatment. Clinical efficacy was determined using the Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS). RESULTS TD patients had lower BDNF levels than the non-TD patients and healthy controls. EGb-761 treatment improved symptoms of TD and increased BDNF levels compared with placebo treatment. Moreover, the improvement of AIMS total score correlated with the increase in BDNF levels. Furthermore, improvement in the AIMS score was greatest in those with the Val/Val allele and lowest with the Met/Met allele. CONCLUSIONS The BDNF system may be implicated in the pathophysiology of TD and its improvement with antioxidant treatment. Furthermore, patients with the genetic potential for greater BDNF release (Val/Val at 66) may obtain a greater reduction in TD from EGb-761 treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Yang Zhang
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
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Gruden MA, Yanamandra K, Kucheryanu VG, Bocharova OR, Sherstnev VV, Morozova-Roche LA, Sewell RDE. Correlation between protective immunity to α-synuclein aggregates, oxidative stress and inflammation. Neuroimmunomodulation 2012; 19:334-342. [PMID: 22986484 DOI: 10.1159/000341400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2012] [Accepted: 06/15/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Protein aggregation leading to central amyloid deposition is implicated in Parkinson's disease (PD). During disease progression, inflammation and oxidative stress may well invoke humoral immunity against pathological aggregates of PD-associated α-synuclein. The aim was to investigate any possible concurrence between autoimmune responses to α-synuclein monomers, oligomers or fibrils with oxidative stress and inflammation. METHODS The formation of α-synuclein amyloid species was assessed by thioflavin-T assay and atomic force microscopy was employed to confirm their morphology. Serum autoantibody titers to α-synuclein conformations were determined by ELISA. Enzyme activity and concentrations of oxidative stress/inflammatory indicators were evaluated by enzyme and ELISA protocols. RESULTS In PD patient sera, a differential increase in autoantibody titers to α-synuclein monomers, toxic oligomers or fibrils was associated with boosted levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 and tumour necrosis factor-α, but a decrease in interferon-γ concentration. In addition, levels of malondialdehyde were elevated whilst those of glutathione were reduced along with decrements in the activity of the antioxidants: superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione transferase. CONCLUSIONS It is hypothesized that the generation of α-synuclein amyloid aggregates allied with oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions may invoke humoral immunity protecting against dopaminergic neuronal death. Hence, humoral immunity is a common integrative factor throughout PD progression which is directed towards prevention of further neurodegeneration, so potential treatment strategies should attempt to maintain PD patient immune status.
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Abstract
Understanding the role of oxidative injury will allow for therapy with agents that scavenge ROS (reactive oxygen species) and antioxidants in the management of several diseases related to free radical damage. The majority of free radicals are generated by mitochondria as a consequence of the mitochondrial cycle, whereas free radical accumulation is limited by the action of a variety of antioxidant processes that reside in every cell. In the present review, we provide an overview of the mitochondrial generation of ROS and discuss the role of ROS in the regulation of endothelial and adipocyte function. Moreover, we also discuss recent findings on the role of ROS in sepsis, cerebral ataxia and stroke. These results provide avenues for the therapeutic potential of antioxidants in a variety of diseases.
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