7
|
Sasaki N, Yamashita T, Kasahara K, Fukunaga A, Yamaguchi T, Emoto T, Yodoi K, Matsumoto T, Nakajima K, Kita T, Takeda M, Mizoguchi T, Hayashi T, Sasaki Y, Hatakeyama M, Taguchi K, Washio K, Sakaguchi S, Malissen B, Nishigori C, Hirata KI. UVB Exposure Prevents Atherosclerosis by Regulating Immunoinflammatory Responses. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2016; 37:66-74. [PMID: 27765767 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.116.308063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE UVB irradiation is an established treatment for immunoinflammatory cutaneous disorders and has been shown to suppress cutaneous and systemic inflammatory diseases through modulation of the adaptive immune response. However, it remains unknown whether UVB irradiation prevents an immunoinflammatory disease of arteries such as atherosclerosis. APPROACH AND RESULTS Here, we show that UVB exposure inhibits the development and progression of atherosclerosis in atherosclerosis-prone mice by expanding and enhancing the functional capacity of CD4+ forkhead box P3+ regulatory T cells and regulating proatherogenic T-cell responses. Experimental studies in Langerhans cell-depleted mice revealed that epidermal Langerhans cells play a critical role in UVB-dependent induction of CD4+ forkhead box P3+ regulatory T cells, suppression of proatherogenic T-cell responses, and prevention of atherosclerotic plaque development. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest the skin immune system as a novel therapeutic target for atherosclerosis and provide a novel strategy for the treatment and prevention of atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naoto Sasaki
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine (N.S., T. Yamashita., K.K., T.E., K.Y., T. Matsumoto, K.N., T.K., M.T., T. Mizoguchi, T.H., Y.S., K.-i.H.) and Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Related (A.F., M.H., K.T., K.W., C.N.), Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Medical Pharmaceutics, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Japan (N.S.); Department of Single Molecule Imaging (T. Yamaguchi) and Department of Experimental Immunology (S.S.), World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Japan; Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Japan (M.T.); and Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy and the Centre d'Immunophénomique, UM2 Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France (B.M.).
| | - Tomoya Yamashita
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine (N.S., T. Yamashita., K.K., T.E., K.Y., T. Matsumoto, K.N., T.K., M.T., T. Mizoguchi, T.H., Y.S., K.-i.H.) and Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Related (A.F., M.H., K.T., K.W., C.N.), Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Medical Pharmaceutics, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Japan (N.S.); Department of Single Molecule Imaging (T. Yamaguchi) and Department of Experimental Immunology (S.S.), World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Japan; Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Japan (M.T.); and Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy and the Centre d'Immunophénomique, UM2 Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France (B.M.)
| | - Kazuyuki Kasahara
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine (N.S., T. Yamashita., K.K., T.E., K.Y., T. Matsumoto, K.N., T.K., M.T., T. Mizoguchi, T.H., Y.S., K.-i.H.) and Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Related (A.F., M.H., K.T., K.W., C.N.), Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Medical Pharmaceutics, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Japan (N.S.); Department of Single Molecule Imaging (T. Yamaguchi) and Department of Experimental Immunology (S.S.), World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Japan; Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Japan (M.T.); and Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy and the Centre d'Immunophénomique, UM2 Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France (B.M.)
| | - Atsushi Fukunaga
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine (N.S., T. Yamashita., K.K., T.E., K.Y., T. Matsumoto, K.N., T.K., M.T., T. Mizoguchi, T.H., Y.S., K.-i.H.) and Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Related (A.F., M.H., K.T., K.W., C.N.), Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Medical Pharmaceutics, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Japan (N.S.); Department of Single Molecule Imaging (T. Yamaguchi) and Department of Experimental Immunology (S.S.), World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Japan; Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Japan (M.T.); and Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy and the Centre d'Immunophénomique, UM2 Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France (B.M.)
| | - Tomoyuki Yamaguchi
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine (N.S., T. Yamashita., K.K., T.E., K.Y., T. Matsumoto, K.N., T.K., M.T., T. Mizoguchi, T.H., Y.S., K.-i.H.) and Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Related (A.F., M.H., K.T., K.W., C.N.), Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Medical Pharmaceutics, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Japan (N.S.); Department of Single Molecule Imaging (T. Yamaguchi) and Department of Experimental Immunology (S.S.), World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Japan; Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Japan (M.T.); and Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy and the Centre d'Immunophénomique, UM2 Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France (B.M.)
| | - Takuo Emoto
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine (N.S., T. Yamashita., K.K., T.E., K.Y., T. Matsumoto, K.N., T.K., M.T., T. Mizoguchi, T.H., Y.S., K.-i.H.) and Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Related (A.F., M.H., K.T., K.W., C.N.), Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Medical Pharmaceutics, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Japan (N.S.); Department of Single Molecule Imaging (T. Yamaguchi) and Department of Experimental Immunology (S.S.), World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Japan; Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Japan (M.T.); and Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy and the Centre d'Immunophénomique, UM2 Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France (B.M.)
| | - Keiko Yodoi
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine (N.S., T. Yamashita., K.K., T.E., K.Y., T. Matsumoto, K.N., T.K., M.T., T. Mizoguchi, T.H., Y.S., K.-i.H.) and Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Related (A.F., M.H., K.T., K.W., C.N.), Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Medical Pharmaceutics, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Japan (N.S.); Department of Single Molecule Imaging (T. Yamaguchi) and Department of Experimental Immunology (S.S.), World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Japan; Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Japan (M.T.); and Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy and the Centre d'Immunophénomique, UM2 Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France (B.M.)
| | - Takuya Matsumoto
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine (N.S., T. Yamashita., K.K., T.E., K.Y., T. Matsumoto, K.N., T.K., M.T., T. Mizoguchi, T.H., Y.S., K.-i.H.) and Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Related (A.F., M.H., K.T., K.W., C.N.), Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Medical Pharmaceutics, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Japan (N.S.); Department of Single Molecule Imaging (T. Yamaguchi) and Department of Experimental Immunology (S.S.), World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Japan; Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Japan (M.T.); and Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy and the Centre d'Immunophénomique, UM2 Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France (B.M.)
| | - Kenji Nakajima
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine (N.S., T. Yamashita., K.K., T.E., K.Y., T. Matsumoto, K.N., T.K., M.T., T. Mizoguchi, T.H., Y.S., K.-i.H.) and Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Related (A.F., M.H., K.T., K.W., C.N.), Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Medical Pharmaceutics, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Japan (N.S.); Department of Single Molecule Imaging (T. Yamaguchi) and Department of Experimental Immunology (S.S.), World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Japan; Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Japan (M.T.); and Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy and the Centre d'Immunophénomique, UM2 Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France (B.M.)
| | - Tomoyuki Kita
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine (N.S., T. Yamashita., K.K., T.E., K.Y., T. Matsumoto, K.N., T.K., M.T., T. Mizoguchi, T.H., Y.S., K.-i.H.) and Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Related (A.F., M.H., K.T., K.W., C.N.), Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Medical Pharmaceutics, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Japan (N.S.); Department of Single Molecule Imaging (T. Yamaguchi) and Department of Experimental Immunology (S.S.), World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Japan; Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Japan (M.T.); and Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy and the Centre d'Immunophénomique, UM2 Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France (B.M.)
| | - Masafumi Takeda
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine (N.S., T. Yamashita., K.K., T.E., K.Y., T. Matsumoto, K.N., T.K., M.T., T. Mizoguchi, T.H., Y.S., K.-i.H.) and Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Related (A.F., M.H., K.T., K.W., C.N.), Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Medical Pharmaceutics, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Japan (N.S.); Department of Single Molecule Imaging (T. Yamaguchi) and Department of Experimental Immunology (S.S.), World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Japan; Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Japan (M.T.); and Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy and the Centre d'Immunophénomique, UM2 Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France (B.M.)
| | - Taiji Mizoguchi
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine (N.S., T. Yamashita., K.K., T.E., K.Y., T. Matsumoto, K.N., T.K., M.T., T. Mizoguchi, T.H., Y.S., K.-i.H.) and Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Related (A.F., M.H., K.T., K.W., C.N.), Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Medical Pharmaceutics, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Japan (N.S.); Department of Single Molecule Imaging (T. Yamaguchi) and Department of Experimental Immunology (S.S.), World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Japan; Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Japan (M.T.); and Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy and the Centre d'Immunophénomique, UM2 Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France (B.M.)
| | - Tomohiro Hayashi
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine (N.S., T. Yamashita., K.K., T.E., K.Y., T. Matsumoto, K.N., T.K., M.T., T. Mizoguchi, T.H., Y.S., K.-i.H.) and Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Related (A.F., M.H., K.T., K.W., C.N.), Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Medical Pharmaceutics, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Japan (N.S.); Department of Single Molecule Imaging (T. Yamaguchi) and Department of Experimental Immunology (S.S.), World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Japan; Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Japan (M.T.); and Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy and the Centre d'Immunophénomique, UM2 Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France (B.M.)
| | - Yoshihiro Sasaki
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine (N.S., T. Yamashita., K.K., T.E., K.Y., T. Matsumoto, K.N., T.K., M.T., T. Mizoguchi, T.H., Y.S., K.-i.H.) and Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Related (A.F., M.H., K.T., K.W., C.N.), Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Medical Pharmaceutics, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Japan (N.S.); Department of Single Molecule Imaging (T. Yamaguchi) and Department of Experimental Immunology (S.S.), World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Japan; Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Japan (M.T.); and Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy and the Centre d'Immunophénomique, UM2 Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France (B.M.)
| | - Mayumi Hatakeyama
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine (N.S., T. Yamashita., K.K., T.E., K.Y., T. Matsumoto, K.N., T.K., M.T., T. Mizoguchi, T.H., Y.S., K.-i.H.) and Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Related (A.F., M.H., K.T., K.W., C.N.), Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Medical Pharmaceutics, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Japan (N.S.); Department of Single Molecule Imaging (T. Yamaguchi) and Department of Experimental Immunology (S.S.), World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Japan; Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Japan (M.T.); and Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy and the Centre d'Immunophénomique, UM2 Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France (B.M.)
| | - Kumiko Taguchi
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine (N.S., T. Yamashita., K.K., T.E., K.Y., T. Matsumoto, K.N., T.K., M.T., T. Mizoguchi, T.H., Y.S., K.-i.H.) and Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Related (A.F., M.H., K.T., K.W., C.N.), Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Medical Pharmaceutics, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Japan (N.S.); Department of Single Molecule Imaging (T. Yamaguchi) and Department of Experimental Immunology (S.S.), World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Japan; Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Japan (M.T.); and Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy and the Centre d'Immunophénomique, UM2 Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France (B.M.)
| | - Ken Washio
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine (N.S., T. Yamashita., K.K., T.E., K.Y., T. Matsumoto, K.N., T.K., M.T., T. Mizoguchi, T.H., Y.S., K.-i.H.) and Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Related (A.F., M.H., K.T., K.W., C.N.), Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Medical Pharmaceutics, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Japan (N.S.); Department of Single Molecule Imaging (T. Yamaguchi) and Department of Experimental Immunology (S.S.), World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Japan; Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Japan (M.T.); and Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy and the Centre d'Immunophénomique, UM2 Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France (B.M.)
| | - Shimon Sakaguchi
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine (N.S., T. Yamashita., K.K., T.E., K.Y., T. Matsumoto, K.N., T.K., M.T., T. Mizoguchi, T.H., Y.S., K.-i.H.) and Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Related (A.F., M.H., K.T., K.W., C.N.), Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Medical Pharmaceutics, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Japan (N.S.); Department of Single Molecule Imaging (T. Yamaguchi) and Department of Experimental Immunology (S.S.), World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Japan; Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Japan (M.T.); and Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy and the Centre d'Immunophénomique, UM2 Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France (B.M.)
| | - Bernard Malissen
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine (N.S., T. Yamashita., K.K., T.E., K.Y., T. Matsumoto, K.N., T.K., M.T., T. Mizoguchi, T.H., Y.S., K.-i.H.) and Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Related (A.F., M.H., K.T., K.W., C.N.), Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Medical Pharmaceutics, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Japan (N.S.); Department of Single Molecule Imaging (T. Yamaguchi) and Department of Experimental Immunology (S.S.), World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Japan; Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Japan (M.T.); and Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy and the Centre d'Immunophénomique, UM2 Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France (B.M.)
| | - Chikako Nishigori
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine (N.S., T. Yamashita., K.K., T.E., K.Y., T. Matsumoto, K.N., T.K., M.T., T. Mizoguchi, T.H., Y.S., K.-i.H.) and Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Related (A.F., M.H., K.T., K.W., C.N.), Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Medical Pharmaceutics, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Japan (N.S.); Department of Single Molecule Imaging (T. Yamaguchi) and Department of Experimental Immunology (S.S.), World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Japan; Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Japan (M.T.); and Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy and the Centre d'Immunophénomique, UM2 Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France (B.M.)
| | - Ken-Ichi Hirata
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine (N.S., T. Yamashita., K.K., T.E., K.Y., T. Matsumoto, K.N., T.K., M.T., T. Mizoguchi, T.H., Y.S., K.-i.H.) and Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Related (A.F., M.H., K.T., K.W., C.N.), Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; Department of Medical Pharmaceutics, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Japan (N.S.); Department of Single Molecule Imaging (T. Yamaguchi) and Department of Experimental Immunology (S.S.), World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Japan; Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Japan (M.T.); and Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy and the Centre d'Immunophénomique, UM2 Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France (B.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Matsumoto T, Sasaki N, Yamashita T, Emoto T, Kasahara K, Mizoguchi T, Hayashi T, Yodoi K, Kitano N, Saito T, Yamaguchi T, Hirata KI. Overexpression of Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte-Associated Antigen-4 Prevents Atherosclerosis in Mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2016; 36:1141-51. [PMID: 27055906 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.115.306848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although T-cell-mediated chronic inflammation contributes to atherosclerosis development, the role of a negative regulatory molecule cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) in atherosclerosis is poorly understood. We investigated the effects of CTLA-4 overexpression on atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient (Apoe(-/-)) mice. APPROACH AND RESULTS We generated CTLA-4 transgenic (CTLA-4-Tg)/Apoe(-/-) mice that display constitutive cell surface and intracellular expression of CTLA-4 in T cells and assessed atherosclerosis at age 16 weeks. CTLA-4 overexpression significantly reduced atherosclerotic lesion formation and intraplaque accumulation of macrophage and CD4(+) T cells in the aortic root compared with controls. CTLA-4-Tg/Apoe(-/-) mice showed decreased numbers of effector CD4(+) T cells and decreased expression of costimulatory molecules CD80 and CD86, ligands for CTLA-4, and a costimulatory molecule CD28, on CD11c(+) dendritic cells compared with controls. Consistent with in vivo findings, in vitro experiments revealed that CD4(+) T cells from CTLA-4-Tg/Apoe(-/-) mice showed decreased proliferative capacity and proinflammatory cytokine production, downregulated CD80 expression on CD11c(+) dendritic cells, and suppressed the proliferation of other T cells by limiting the costimulatory pathway. Moreover, CD11c(+) dendritic cells from CTLA-4-Tg/Apoe(-/-) mice showed reduced proliferative activity of T cells in vitro, suggesting the suppression of dendritic cell maturation in vivo. CONCLUSIONS CTLA-4 regulates atherosclerosis by suppressing proatherogenic immune responses and could be an attractive therapeutic target for atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Matsumoto
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan (T.M., N.S., T.Y., T.E., K.K., T.M., T.H., K.Y., N.K., K.-i.H.); Laboratory for Cell Signaling, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan (T.S.); and Laboratory for Cell Signaling (T.S.) and Department of Single Molecule Imaging, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan (T.Y.)
| | - Naoto Sasaki
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan (T.M., N.S., T.Y., T.E., K.K., T.M., T.H., K.Y., N.K., K.-i.H.); Laboratory for Cell Signaling, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan (T.S.); and Laboratory for Cell Signaling (T.S.) and Department of Single Molecule Imaging, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan (T.Y.).
| | - Tomoya Yamashita
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan (T.M., N.S., T.Y., T.E., K.K., T.M., T.H., K.Y., N.K., K.-i.H.); Laboratory for Cell Signaling, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan (T.S.); and Laboratory for Cell Signaling (T.S.) and Department of Single Molecule Imaging, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan (T.Y.)
| | - Takuo Emoto
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan (T.M., N.S., T.Y., T.E., K.K., T.M., T.H., K.Y., N.K., K.-i.H.); Laboratory for Cell Signaling, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan (T.S.); and Laboratory for Cell Signaling (T.S.) and Department of Single Molecule Imaging, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan (T.Y.)
| | - Kazuyuki Kasahara
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan (T.M., N.S., T.Y., T.E., K.K., T.M., T.H., K.Y., N.K., K.-i.H.); Laboratory for Cell Signaling, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan (T.S.); and Laboratory for Cell Signaling (T.S.) and Department of Single Molecule Imaging, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan (T.Y.)
| | - Taiji Mizoguchi
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan (T.M., N.S., T.Y., T.E., K.K., T.M., T.H., K.Y., N.K., K.-i.H.); Laboratory for Cell Signaling, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan (T.S.); and Laboratory for Cell Signaling (T.S.) and Department of Single Molecule Imaging, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan (T.Y.)
| | - Tomohiro Hayashi
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan (T.M., N.S., T.Y., T.E., K.K., T.M., T.H., K.Y., N.K., K.-i.H.); Laboratory for Cell Signaling, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan (T.S.); and Laboratory for Cell Signaling (T.S.) and Department of Single Molecule Imaging, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan (T.Y.)
| | - Keiko Yodoi
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan (T.M., N.S., T.Y., T.E., K.K., T.M., T.H., K.Y., N.K., K.-i.H.); Laboratory for Cell Signaling, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan (T.S.); and Laboratory for Cell Signaling (T.S.) and Department of Single Molecule Imaging, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan (T.Y.)
| | - Naoki Kitano
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan (T.M., N.S., T.Y., T.E., K.K., T.M., T.H., K.Y., N.K., K.-i.H.); Laboratory for Cell Signaling, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan (T.S.); and Laboratory for Cell Signaling (T.S.) and Department of Single Molecule Imaging, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan (T.Y.)
| | - Takashi Saito
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan (T.M., N.S., T.Y., T.E., K.K., T.M., T.H., K.Y., N.K., K.-i.H.); Laboratory for Cell Signaling, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan (T.S.); and Laboratory for Cell Signaling (T.S.) and Department of Single Molecule Imaging, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan (T.Y.)
| | - Tomoyuki Yamaguchi
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan (T.M., N.S., T.Y., T.E., K.K., T.M., T.H., K.Y., N.K., K.-i.H.); Laboratory for Cell Signaling, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan (T.S.); and Laboratory for Cell Signaling (T.S.) and Department of Single Molecule Imaging, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan (T.Y.)
| | - Ken-Ichi Hirata
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan (T.M., N.S., T.Y., T.E., K.K., T.M., T.H., K.Y., N.K., K.-i.H.); Laboratory for Cell Signaling, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan (T.S.); and Laboratory for Cell Signaling (T.S.) and Department of Single Molecule Imaging, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan (T.Y.)
| |
Collapse
|