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Dong FL, Xu ZZ, Wang YQ, Li T, Wang X, Li J. Exosome-derived circUPF2 enhances resistance to targeted therapy by redeploying ferroptosis sensitivity in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:298. [PMID: 38811968 PMCID: PMC11137910 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02582-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) can be treated with sorafenib, which is the primary choice for targeted therapy. Nevertheless, the effectiveness of sorafenib is greatly restricted due to resistance. Research has shown that exosomes and circular RNAs play a vital role in the cancer's malignant advancement. However, the significance of exosomal circular RNAs in the development of resistance to sorafenib in HCC remains uncertain. METHODS Ultracentrifugation was utilized to isolate exosomes (Exo-SR) from the sorafenib-resistant HCC cells' culture medium. Transcriptome sequencing and differential expression gene analysis were used to identify the targets of Exo-SR action in HCC cells. To identify the targets of Exo-SR action in HCC cells, transcriptome sequencing and analysis of differential expression genes were employed. To evaluate the impact of exosomal circUPF2 on resistance to sorafenib in HCC, experiments involving gain-of-function and loss-of-function were conducted. RNA pull-down assays and mass spectrometry analysis were performed to identify the RNA-binding proteins interacting with circUPF2. RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), RNA pull-down, electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), immunofluorescence (IF) -fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and rescue assays were used to validate the interactions among circUPF2, IGF2BP2 and SLC7A11. Finally, a tumor xenograft assay was used to examine the biological functions and underlying mechanisms of Exo-SR and circUPF2 in vivo. RESULTS A novel exosomal circRNA, circUPF2, was identified and revealed to be significantly enriched in Exo-SR. Exosomes with enriched circUPF2 enhanced sorafenib resistance by promoting SLC7A11 expression and suppressing ferroptosis in HCC cells. Mechanistically, circUPF2 acts as a framework to enhance the creation of the circUPF2-IGF2BP2-SLC7A11 ternary complex contributing to the stabilization of SLC7A11 mRNA. Consequently, exosomal circUPF2 promotes SLC7A11 expression and enhances the function of system Xc- in HCC cells, leading to decreased sensitivity to ferroptosis and resistance to sorafenib. CONCLUSIONS The resistance to sorafenib in HCC is facilitated by the exosomal circUPF2, which promotes the formation of the circUPF2-IGF2BP2-SLC7A11 ternary complex and increases the stability of SLC7A11 mRNA. Focusing on exosomal circUPF2 could potentially be an innovative approach for HCC treatment.
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MESH Headings
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/genetics
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/metabolism
- Humans
- Exosomes/metabolism
- Liver Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Liver Neoplasms/genetics
- Liver Neoplasms/pathology
- Liver Neoplasms/metabolism
- Sorafenib/pharmacology
- RNA, Circular/genetics
- RNA, Circular/metabolism
- Ferroptosis/drug effects
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Animals
- Mice
- RNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- RNA-Binding Proteins/genetics
- Mice, Nude
- Amino Acid Transport System y+/metabolism
- Amino Acid Transport System y+/genetics
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Lin Dong
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, No. 16766, Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, China
- Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, China
| | - Zong-Zhen Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, No. 16766, Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Ying-Qiao Wang
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Tao Li
- Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, No. 16766, Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, China.
- Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, China.
| | - Jie Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, No. 16766, Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, China.
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Sun Y, Xie L, Ren X, Ran L, He H, Kong F, Yang S, Zhang M. miR-148a-3p regulates proliferation and apoptosis of idiopathic gingival fibroma by targeting NPTX1. Oral Dis 2024; 30:2136-2149. [PMID: 37357360 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Idiopathic gingival fibromatosis (IGF) is a rare heterogeneous disease that results in the progressive and diffuse hyperplasia of gingival tissues. MicroRNAs are implicated in the development and progression of various tumors. The present study aimed to explore the potential roles and mechanisms of miR-148a-3p in IGF. METHODS Gingival fibroblasts (GFs) were transfected with miR-148a-3p mimics, miR-148a-3p inhibitors, or siNPTX1, and then, the proliferation and apoptosis of GFs and the expression of related genes were evaluated using Cell Counting Kit-8 assays, 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine assays, flow cytometry, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and western blot analysis, respectively. RESULTS miR-148a-3p was highly expressed in GFs of IGF (IGF-GFs) as compared with normal GFs (N-GFs). Overexpression of miR-148a-3p promoted the proliferation and inhibited the apoptosis of N-GFs, whereas downregulation of miR-148a-3p had the opposite effect in IGF-GFs. Knockdown of NPTX1 reversed miR-148a-3p-mediated effects in IGF-GFs. Dual-luciferase reporter assay confirmed that NPTX1 is a direct target of miR-148a-3p. CONCLUSION These findings identify that miR-148a-3p could regulate cell proliferation and apoptosis by targeting NPTX1, providing new insights for the further study of the molecular mechanism and treatment of IGF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyang Sun
- Kunming Medical University Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Kunming, China
- Department of Stomatology, Taihe Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Liangkun Xie
- Kunming Medical University Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Kunming, China
| | - Xiaobin Ren
- Kunming Medical University Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Kunming, China
| | - Liquan Ran
- Kunming Medical University Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Kunming, China
| | - Hongbing He
- Kunming Medical University Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Kunming, China
| | - Fanying Kong
- Kunming Medical University Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Kunming, China
| | - Shuran Yang
- Kunming Medical University Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Kunming, China
| | - Mingzhu Zhang
- Kunming Medical University Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Kunming, China
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Wang X, Dong FL, Wang YQ, Wei HL, Li T, Li J. Exosomal circTGFBR2 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression via enhancing ATG5 mediated protective autophagy. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:451. [PMID: 37474520 PMCID: PMC10359294 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05989-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Exosomes contribute substantially to the communication between tumor cells and normal cells. Benefiting from the stable structure, circular RNAs (circRNAs) are believed to serve an important function in exosome-mediated intercellular communication. Here, we focused on circRNAs enriched in starvation-stressed hepatocytic exosomes and further investigated their function and mechanism in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression. Differentially expressed circRNAs in exosomes were identified by RNA sequencing, and circTGFBR2 was identified and chosen for further study. The molecular mechanism of circTGFBR2 in HCC was demonstrated by RNA pulldown, RIP, dual-luciferase reporter assays, rescue experiments and tumor xenograft assay both in vitro and vivo. We confirmed exosomes with enriched circTGFBR2 led to an upregulated resistance of HCC cells to starvation stress. Mechanistically, circTGFBR2 delivered into HCC cells via exosomes serves as a competing endogenous RNA by binding miR-205-5p to facilitate ATG5 expression and enhance autophagy in HCC cells, resulting in resistance to starvation. Thus, we revealed that circTGFBR2 is a novel tumor promoter circRNA in hepatocytic exosomes and promotes HCC progression by enhancing ATG5-mediated protective autophagy via the circTGFBR2/miR-205-5p/ATG5 axis, which may be a potential therapeutic target for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, China
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Feng-Lin Dong
- Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, China
| | - Ying-Qiao Wang
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Hong-Long Wei
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, 250014, China.
| | - Jie Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, 250014, China.
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Jimenez SA, Piera-Velazquez S. Probable role of exosomes in the extension of fibrotic alterations from affected to normal cells in systemic sclerosis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2023; 62:999-1008. [PMID: 35944210 PMCID: PMC9977136 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keac451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
SSc is a systemic autoimmune disease of unknown etiology characterized by frequently progressive cutaneous and internal organ fibrosis causing severe disability, organ failure and high mortality. A remarkable feature of SSc is the extension of the fibrotic alterations to nonaffected tissues. The mechanisms involved in the extension of fibrosis have remained elusive. We propose that this process is mediated by exosome microvesicles released from SSc-affected cells that induce an activated profibrotic phenotype in normal or nonaffected cells. Exosomes are secreted microvesicles involved in an intercellular communication system. Exosomes can transfer their macromolecular content to distant target cells and induce paracrine effects in the recipient cells, changing their molecular pathways and gene expression. Confirmation of this hypothesis may identify the molecular mechanisms responsible for extension of the SSc fibrotic process from affected cells to nonaffected cells and may allow the development of novel therapeutic approaches for the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio A Jimenez
- Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine and The Scleroderma Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sonsoles Piera-Velazquez
- Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine and The Scleroderma Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Piera-Velazquez S, Dillon ST, Gu X, Libermann TA, Jimenez SA. Aptamer proteomics of serum exosomes from patients with Primary Raynaud's and patients with Raynaud's at risk of evolving into Systemic Sclerosis. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0279461. [PMID: 36548367 PMCID: PMC9779033 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A major unmet need for Systemic Sclerosis (SSc) clinical management is the lack of biomarkers for the early diagnosis of patients with Raynaud's Phenomenon at high risk of evolving into SSc. OBJECTIVE To identify proteins contained within serum exosomes employing an aptamer proteomic analysis that may serve to reveal patients with Raynaud's Phenomenon at risk of developing SSc. METHODS Exosomes were isolated from serum samples from patients with Primary Raynaud's Phenomenon and from patients with Raynaud's Phenomenon harbouring serum antinuclear antibodies (ANA) who may be at high risk of evolving into SSc. The expression of 1,305 proteins was quantified using SOMAscan aptamer proteomics, and associations of the differentially elevated or reduced proteins with the clinical subsets of Raynaud's Phenomenon were assessed. RESULTS Twenty one differentially elevated and one differentially reduced (absolute fold change >|1.3|) proteins were identified. Principal component analysis using these 22 most differentially expressed proteins resulted in excellent separation of the two Raynaud's Phenomenon clinical subsets. Remarkably, the most differentially elevated proteins are involved in enhanced inflammatory responses, immune cell activation and cell migration, and abnormal vascular functions. CONCLUSION Aptamer proteomic analysis of circulating exosomes identified differentially elevated or reduced proteins between Raynaud's Phenomenon at high risk of evolving into SSc and Primary Raynaud's Phenomenon patients. Some of these proteins are involved in relevant biological pathways that may play a role in SSc pathogenesis including enhanced inflammatory responses, immune cell activation, and endothelial cell and vascular abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonsoles Piera-Velazquez
- Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine, Scleroderma Center of Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Simon T. Dillon
- Division of Interdisciplinary Medicine and Biotechnology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Genomics, Proteomics, Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Xuesong Gu
- Division of Interdisciplinary Medicine and Biotechnology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Genomics, Proteomics, Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Towia A. Libermann
- Division of Interdisciplinary Medicine and Biotechnology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Genomics, Proteomics, Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail: (SAJ); (TAL)
| | - Sergio A. Jimenez
- Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine, Scleroderma Center of Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail: (SAJ); (TAL)
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M2 Macrophage-Derived Exosomes Inhibit Apoptosis of HUVEC Cell through Regulating miR-221-3p Expression. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:1609244. [PMID: 36119928 PMCID: PMC9473890 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1609244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates and currently has no effective treatment. This study was aimed at investigating the role of macrophage exosomes in the inflammation and apoptosis after HUVEC injury. We established the HUVEC injury model using 100 mg/L oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) or 50 ng/mL tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Cell proliferation was assessed using cell counting kit-8 (CCK8) assays, and the expression of miR-221, TNF-α, and IL-6, IL-10, and IL-1β was detected using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The apoptotic rate was analyzed by the TUNEL method, and the expressions of apoptosis-related proteins Bcl2, Caspase-3, and c-myc were detected by western blotting. Finally, miR-221-3p mimics and miR-221-3p inhibitors were constructed by liposome transfection to determine the mechanism of action of macrophage exosomes on HUVEC injury. The expression levels of IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α in the injury groups were higher than those in the normal group, but the expression of IL-10 in the injury groups was lower than that in the normal group. Meanwhile, the apoptotic rate of the HUVEC cell injury group was higher than that of the normal group. In contrast, the expression levels of IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α were lower in the M2 macrophage exosome (M2-Exo) group, but the expression of IL-10 was higher compared with the control group. The apoptosis rate was reduced in the M2-Exo group, and the expression of the proapoptotic gene Caspase-3 was reduced, while the expression of the antiapoptotic gene Bcl2 was increased. Liposome transfection of miR-221-3p mimics was able to enhance the effect of M2 macrophage exosomes. Thus, M2-Exo promotes HUVEC cell proliferation and inhibits HUVEC cell inflammation and apoptosis. miR-221-3p overexpression attenuates HUVEC cell injury-induced inflammatory response and apoptosis, while miR-221-3p gene inhibition enhances this inflammatory response and apoptosis.
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Li X, Lan Q, Lai W, Wu H, Xu H, Fang K, Chu Z, Zeng Y. Exosome-derived lnc-HOXB8-1:2 induces tumor-associated macrophage infiltration to promote neuroendocrine differentiated colorectal cancer progression by sponging hsa-miR-6825-5p. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:928. [PMID: 36030223 PMCID: PMC9419355 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09926-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Neuroendocrine differentiation (NED) in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells has been known for decades, and our previous meta-analysis indicated that CRC patients with neuroendocrine differentiation have a lower 5-year survival rate. In recent years, an increasing number of studies have found that exosome-derived long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in cancer progression and metastasis. However, the functions and mechanism of exosome-derived lncRNAs in CRC with neuroendocrine differentiation are not yet fully clear. Materials and methods The clinical significance of NED was assessed in a retrospective study of 105 patients. Next-generation sequencing and bioinformatics analysis were conducted to select lnc-HOXB8-1:2 for further study. Using immunohistochemistry, qRT–PCR, western blot, transwell assay, immunofluorescence assay, fluorescence in situ hybridization assay and dual-luciferase reporter assay, the oncogenic role of exosome-derived lnc-HOXB8-1:2 was determined in CRC with NED. The mechanism underlying the lnc-HOXB8-1:2/hsa-miR-6825-5p/CXCR3 axis was also explored. Results NED was a risk factor for the progression and mortality of CRC. lnc-HOXB8-1:2, derived from exosomes secreted by neuroendocrine differentiated colon cancer cells, was identified in our study. The proportion of M2 macrophages and the migration and invasion capacities of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) markedly increased after the addition of neuroendocrine differentiated CRC cell-derived exosomes. More excitingly, the expression of lnc-HOXB8-1:2 and the protein level of CXCR3 were also upregulated in TAMs. The lnc-HOXB8-1:2/hsa-miR-6825-5p/CXCR3 axis was predicted via miRanda software and confirmed by the dual-luciferase reporter assay. Furthermore, the increased expression of lnc-HOXB8-1:2 was accompanied by downregulation of hsa-miR-6825-5p expression and upregulation of CXCR3 protein levels. Overexpression of hsa-miR-6825-5p also reduced CXCR3 expression. Conclusion lnc-HOXB8-1:2 in exosomes derived from neuroendocrine differentiated CRC cells acted as a ceRNA competitively binding hsa-miR-6825-5p to upregulate CXCR3 expression and leading to TAM infiltration and M2 polarization, which promotes neuroendocrine differentiated CRC progression. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-022-09926-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiusheng Lan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Lai
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Heng Wu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Heyang Xu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kai Fang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhonghua Chu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yujie Zeng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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Xia Y, Wang Y, Shan M, Hao Y, Liu H, Chen Q, Liang Z. Advances in the pathogenesis and clinical application prospects of tumor biomolecules in keloid. BURNS & TRAUMA 2022; 10:tkac025. [PMID: 35769828 PMCID: PMC9233200 DOI: 10.1093/burnst/tkac025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Keloid scarring is a kind of pathological healing manifestation after skin injury and possesses various tumor properties, such as the Warburg effect, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), expression imbalances of apoptosis-related genes and the presence of stem cells. Abnormal expression of tumor signatures is critical to the initiation and operation of these effects. Although previous experimental studies have recognized the potential value of a single or several tumor biomolecules in keloids, a comprehensive evaluation system for multiple tumor signatures in keloid scarring is still lacking. This paper aims to summarize tumor biomolecules in keloids from the perspectives of liquid biopsy, genetics, proteomics and epigenetics and to investigate their mechanisms of action and feasibility from bench to bedside. Liquid biopsy is suitable for the early screening of people with keloids due to its noninvasive and accurate performance. Epigenetic biomarkers do not require changes in the gene sequence and their reversibility and tissue specificity make them ideal therapeutic targets. Nonetheless, given the ethnic specificity and genetic predisposition of keloids, more large-sample multicenter studies are indispensable for determining the prevalence of these signatures and for establishing diagnostic criteria and therapeutic efficacy estimations based on these molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijun Xia
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Youbin Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Mengjie Shan
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yan Hao
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qiao Chen
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Zhengyun Liang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
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Huang X, Wang J, Guan J, Zheng Z, Hao J, Sheng Z, Wang M, Xu T, Guo G, Yao L. Exosomal Circsafb2 Reshaping Tumor Environment to Promote Renal Cell Carcinoma Progression by Mediating M2 Macrophage Polarization. Front Oncol 2022; 12:808888. [PMID: 35646637 PMCID: PMC9133324 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.808888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Macrophages are the most abundant infiltrating immune-related stromal cells present in and around tumors, showing different phenotypes and functions. M2 macrophages mainly exert immunosuppressive functions and promote tumor growth. Exosomes are emerging as important mediators of cross-talk between tumor cells and the microenvironment. CircRNAs are novel members of non-coding RNAs that regulate cancer proliferation and progression. However, the mechanism by which exosomal circRNA regulates macrophage polarization in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is still largely unknown. Methods RCC-derived exosomes were characterized using transmission electron microscopy and nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA). CCK-8, wound healing, and Transwell assays were performed to assess whether exosomes would affect the proliferation, migration, and invasion of RCC. Furthermore, we performed a bioinformatics analysis to identify circRNAs in RCC serum-derived exosomes from the GEO database. The fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assay was used to detect the cellular distribution of circSAFB2. Bioinformatics analyses (StarBase 2.0) were used to pool the miRNA targets of circSAFB2. Luciferase assays were performed to verify the direct interactions. Western blotting was used to detect markers of macrophage M2 polarization. Lastly, mouse xenograft and bioluminescence imaging were used to examine the clinical relevance of exosomal circSAFB2 in vivo. Results We report the circRNA derived from SAFB2 and evaluate its biological function in promoting the immune escape of RCC. We found that circSAFB2 was highly expressed in RCC tissues and RCC-derived exosomes. Furthermore, we demonstrated that exosomal circSAFB2 mediates the polarization of M2 macrophages through the miR-620/JAK1/STAT3 axis to promote RCC metastasis. Conclusions Our data first demonstrated that circSAFB2 leads to immune escape from RCC by mediating M2 macrophage polarization via the miR-620/JAK1/STAT3 axis. These findings indicate a novel molecular mechanism of exosomal circSAFB2 in the progression of RCC and implicate circSAFB2 as a target for exosome-mediated tumor immune evasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Huang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jingyu Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jibin Guan
- Masonic cancer center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Zhong Zheng
- Department of Chemistry Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - JunFeng Hao
- Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Zitong Sheng
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Menghua Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tianhua Xu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Guangying Guo
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Li Yao
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Tackling the effects of extracellular vesicles in fibrosis. Eur J Cell Biol 2022; 101:151221. [PMID: 35405464 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2022.151221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis is a physiological process of tissue repair that turns into pathological when becomes chronic, damaging the functional structure of the tissue. In this review we outline the current status of extracellular vesicles as modulators of the fibrotic process at different levels. In adipose tissue, extracellular vesicles mediate the intercellular communication not only between adipocytes, but also between adipocytes and other cells of the stromal vascular fraction. Thus, they could be altering essential processes for the functionality of adipose tissue, such as adipocyte hypertrophy/hyperplasia, tissue plasticity, adipogenesis and/or inflammation, and ultimately trigger fibrosis. This process is particularly important in obesity, and may eventually, influence the development of obesity-associated alterations. In this regard, obesity is now recognized as an independent risk factor for the development of chronic kidney disease, although the role of extracellular vesicles in this connection has not been explored so far. Nonetheless, the role of extracellular vesicles in the onset and progression of renal fibrosis has been highlighted due to the critical role of fibrosis as a common feature of kidney diseases. In fact, the content of extracellular vesicles disturbs cellular signaling cascades involved in fibrosis in virtually all types of renal cells. What is certain is that the study of extracellular vesicles is complex, as their isolation and manipulation is still difficult to reproduce, which complicates the overview of their physiopathological effects. Nevertheless, new strategies have been developed to exploit the potential of extracellular vesicles and their cargo, both as biomarkers and as therapeutic tools to prevent the progression of fibrosis towards an irreversible event.
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Fagoonee S, Arigoni M, Manco M, Olivero M, Bizzaro F, Magagnotti C, Andolfo A, Miniscalco B, Forni M, Todeschi S, Tolosano E, Bocchietto E, Calogero R, Altruda F. Circulating Extracellular Vesicles Contain Liver-Derived RNA Species as Indicators of Severe Cholestasis-Induced Early Liver Fibrosis in Mice. Antioxid Redox Signal 2022; 36:480-504. [PMID: 34779230 PMCID: PMC8978575 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2021.0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Aims: Biliary diseases represent around 10% of all chronic liver diseases and affect both adults and children. Currently available biochemical tests detect cholestasis but not early liver fibrosis. Circulating extracellular vesicles (EVs) provide a noninvasive, real-time molecular snapshot of the injured organ. We thus aimed at searching for a panel of EV-based biomarkers for cholestasis-induced early liver fibrosis using mouse models. Results: Progressive and detectable histological evidence of collagen deposition and liver fibrosis was observed from day 8 after bile duct ligation (BDL) in mice. Whole transcriptome and small RNA sequencing analyses of circulating EVs revealed differentially enriched RNA species after BDL versus sham controls. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering identified a signature that allowed for discrimination between BDL and controls. In particular, 151 microRNAs (miRNAs) enriched in BDL-derived EVs were identified, of which 66 were conserved in humans. The liver was an important source of circulating EVs in BDL animals as evidenced by the enrichment of several hepatic mRNAs, such as Albumin and Haptoglobin. Interestingly, among experimentally validated miRNAs, miR192-5p, miR194-5p, miR22-3p, and miR29a-3p showed similar enrichment patterns also in EVs derived from 3,5-diethoxycarboncyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine-treated (drug-induced severe cholestasis) but not in mice with mild phenotype or non-cholestatic liver fibrosis. Innovation: A panel of mRNAs and miRNAs contained in circulating EVs, when combined, indicates hepatic damage and fibrosis in mice and represents promising biomarkers for human severe cholestasis-induced liver fibrosis. Conclusion: Analysis of EV-based miRNAs, in combination with hepatic injury RNA markers, can detect early cholestatic liver injury and fibrosis in mice. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 36, 480-504.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharmila Fagoonee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging, National Research Council, Molecular Biotechnology Center, Turin, Italy
| | - Maddalena Arigoni
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Marta Manco
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | | | - Cinzia Magagnotti
- ProMeFa, Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility, IRCCS, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Annapaola Andolfo
- ProMeFa, Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility, IRCCS, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Marco Forni
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Emanuela Tolosano
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Raffaele Calogero
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Fiorella Altruda
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Roles of Exosomes in Cardiac Fibroblast Activation and Fibrosis. Cells 2021; 10:cells10112933. [PMID: 34831158 PMCID: PMC8616203 DOI: 10.3390/cells10112933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations in the accumulation and composition of the extracellular matrix are part of the normal tissue repair process. During fibrosis, this process becomes dysregulated and excessive extracellular matrix alters the biomechanical properties and function of tissues involved. Historically fibrosis was thought to be progressive and irreversible; however, studies suggest that fibrosis is a dynamic process whose progression can be stopped and even reversed. This realization has led to an enhanced pursuit of therapeutic agents targeting fibrosis and extracellular matrix-producing cells. In many organs, fibroblasts are the primary cells that produce the extracellular matrix. In response to diverse mechanical and biochemical stimuli, these cells are activated or transdifferentiate into specialized cells termed myofibroblasts that have an enhanced capacity to produce extracellular matrix. It is clear that interactions between diverse cells of the heart are able to modulate fibroblast activation and fibrosis. Exosomes are a form of extracellular vesicle that play an important role in intercellular communication via the cargo that they deliver to target cells. While relatively recently discovered, exosomes have been demonstrated to play important positive and negative roles in the regulation of fibroblast activation and tissue fibrosis. These roles as well as efforts to engineer exosomes as therapeutic tools will be discussed.
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Pastor L, Vera E, Marin JM, Sanz-Rubio D. Extracellular Vesicles from Airway Secretions: New Insights in Lung Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020583. [PMID: 33430153 PMCID: PMC7827453 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung diseases (LD) are one of the most common causes of death worldwide. Although it is known that chronic airway inflammation and excessive tissue repair are processes associated with LD such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), their specific pathways remain unclear. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are heterogeneous nanoscale membrane vesicles with an important role in cell-to-cell communication. EVs are present in general biofluids as plasma or urine but also in secretions of the airway as bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), induced sputum (IS), nasal lavage (NL) or pharyngeal lavage. Alterations of airway EV cargo could be crucial for understanding LD. Airway EVs have shown a role in the pathogenesis of some LD such as eosinophil increase in asthma, the promotion of lung cancer in vitro models in COPD and as biomarkers to distinguishing IPF in patients with diffuse lung diseases. In addition, they also have a promising future as therapeutics for LD. In this review, we focus on the importance of airway secretions in LD, the pivotal role of EVs from those secretions on their pathophysiology and their potential for biomarker discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Pastor
- Translational Research Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IISAragón), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (L.P.); (E.V.); (J.M.M.)
| | - Elisabeth Vera
- Translational Research Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IISAragón), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (L.P.); (E.V.); (J.M.M.)
- Respiratory Service, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Jose M. Marin
- Translational Research Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IISAragón), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (L.P.); (E.V.); (J.M.M.)
- Respiratory Service, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERes), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - David Sanz-Rubio
- Translational Research Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IISAragón), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (L.P.); (E.V.); (J.M.M.)
- Correspondence:
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Sun Y, Lin J, Luo Z, Zhang Y, Chen J. The Serum from Patients with Secondary Frozen Shoulder Following Rotator Cuff Repair Induces Shoulder Capsule Fibrosis and Promotes Macrophage Polarization and Fibroblast Activation. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:1055-1068. [PMID: 33790620 PMCID: PMC8001608 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s304555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Disorders with systematic inflammation were prognostic for secondary frozen shoulder (sFS) following rotator cuff repair (RCR); however, how systematic inflammation affects sFS remains unclear. The aim of this study was to observe the effect of pre-operative serum from patients with sFS and the serum from those without on shoulder capsule in mice, and on macrophages and fibroblasts in vitro. METHODS Serum samples of a consecutive cohort of patients for RCR were collected pre-operatively. Three months after RCR, patients who developed sFS (Group S) were identified. Serum samples from gender- and age-matched controls without sFS (group NS) were also picked out. Firstly, the effect of serum on shoulder capsule fibrosis was observed histologically and biomechanically in a mouse model of RCR. Secondly, the roles of the serum on macrophage polarization and fibroblast activation were investigated, and the potentially involved signaling pathways were identified. Finally, inflammation and fibrosis-related cytokines in serum were quantified. RESULTS In our cohort, all patients had free pre-operative shoulder range of motion. Seven patients developed sFS at 3 months after surgery. Seven matched patients without sFS were selected as control. The inter-group difference of basic characteristics was not significant. Compared to the serum of group NS, the serum of group S significantly induced hypercellularity, capsular thickening, and range of motion deficiency in mice shoulders after RCR. Compared to the serum of group NS, samples of group S significantly promoted M2 polarization of THP-1 human macrophages and the activation of human capsule-derived fibroblasts. Meanwhile, Smad3 and p-Smad3 in macrophages and fibroblasts were significantly up-regulated. On the other hand, levels of inflammation and fibrosis-related cytokines were not significantly different between serum in group S and group NS. CONCLUSION Although all patients in this cohort had free range of motion pre-operatively, the pre-operative serum from patients with sFS at 3 months after RCR could act as a trigger of shoulder capsule fibrosis post-operatively. This effect may be related to its promotion on macrophage polarization to M2 phenotype and fibroblast activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaying Sun
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinrong Lin
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiwen Luo
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuhan Zhang
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiwu Chen
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Jiwu Chen Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12# Middle Wulumuqi Road, Jing’an District, Shanghai, 200040, People’s Republic of ChinaFax +86 21 52888255 Email
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Banks WA. A Spectrum of Topics for 2019: Advances in Neuroinflammation, Oxidative Stress, Obesity, Diabetes Mellitus, Cardiovascular Disease, Autism, Exosomes, and Central Nervous System Diseases. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:1-5. [PMID: 32122292 DOI: 10.2174/138161282601200225102049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Advances in various fields were discussed in the reviews and original research articles published in 2019 in Current Pharmaceutical Design. Here, I review some of the major highlights for selected areas. A better understanding of disease mechanisms was a prominent recurrent theme and new therapeutic targets based on those mechanisms are highlighted here. Inflammation and oxidative stress are major features of many diseases, therefore, interventions to address these processes are reviewed. Although repurposing of old drugs occurred in several fields, drug targeting and drug delivery, especially of nanoparticles, also continues to be a major area of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- William A Banks
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care Center, Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, 1660 S. Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 Seattle, WA, United States
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Wang W, Huang X, Fan X, Yan J, Luan J. Progress in evaluating the status of hepatitis C infection based on the functional changes of hepatic stellate cells (Review). Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:4116-4124. [PMID: 33000255 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a global public health problem. Cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma are the main causes of death in patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) infection. Liver fibrosis is an important cause of cirrhosis and end‑stage liver disease after CHC infection. Along with the course of infection, liver fibrosis exhibits a progressive exacerbation. Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are involved in both physiological and pathological processes of the liver. During the chronic liver injury process, the activated HSCs transform into myofibroblasts, which are important cells in the development of liver fibrosis. At present, HCV infection still lacks specific markers for the accurate detection of the disease condition and progression. Therefore, the present review focused on HSCs, which are closely related to HCV‑infected liver fibrosis, and analyzed the changes in the HSCs, including their surface‑specific markers, cytokine production, activation, cell function and morphological structure. The present review aimed to propose novel diagnostic markers, at both the cellular and molecular level, which would be of great significance for the timely diagnosis of the disease. According to this aim, the characteristic changes of HSCs during HCV infection were reviewed in the present article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Blood Transfusion Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Xuelian Huang
- Department of Blood Transfusion Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Xuzhou Fan
- Department of Blood Transfusion Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Jingmei Yan
- Department of Blood Transfusion Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Jianfeng Luan
- Department of Blood Transfusion Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
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Shang A, Gu C, Wang W, Wang X, Sun J, Zeng B, Chen C, Chang W, Ping Y, Ji P, Wu J, Quan W, Yao Y, Zhou Y, Sun Z, Li D. Exosomal circPACRGL promotes progression of colorectal cancer via the miR-142-3p/miR-506-3p- TGF-β1 axis. Mol Cancer 2020; 19:117. [PMID: 32713345 PMCID: PMC7384220 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-020-01235-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 250] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Exosome shave emerged as crucial regulators of intercellular communication and that abundant Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are enriched within exosomes. CircRNAs are novel members of noncoding RNAs regulating cancer proliferation and progression. However, the function and regulatory mechanism of cancer-derived exosomal circRNAs in CRC remains unclear. METHODS CRC cells-derived exosomes were characterized using transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) and western blot. CCK-8, wound healing and transwell assays, and flow cytometry assays were conducted to assess whether exosomes would affect the proliferation, metastasis, and apoptosis of CRC cells, respectively. Moreover, we performed the RNA sequencing and RT-qPCR to identify circRNAs in exosome-stimulated CRC cells. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assay was used to detect the cellular distribution of circPACRGL. Bioinformatic analyses (StarBase 2.0) were used to pool the miRNA targets of circPACRGL. Luciferase assays were performed to verify the direct interaction. Finally, flow cytometry was used to detect the differentiation of N1-N2 neutrophils. RESULTS Our study identified a novel CRC-derived exosomal circRNA, circPACRGL. We found circPACRGL was significantly upregulated in CRC cells after tumor-derived exosomes addition. Moreover, circPACRGL serves as a sponge for miR-142-3p/miR-506-3p to facilitate the transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) expression. As a result, circPACRGL promoted CRC cell proliferation, migration and invasion, as well as differentiation of N1 to N2 neutrophils via miR-142-3p/miR-506-3p-TGF-β1 axis. CONCLUSION Our study, the first to reveal that cancer-derived exosomal circPACRGL plays an oncogenic role in CRC proliferation and metastasis, providing mechanistic insights into the roles of circRNAs in CRC progression and a valuable marker for CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anquan Shang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, No. 389, Xincun Road, Putuo District, Shanghai, 200065, P.R. China
| | - Chenzheng Gu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, No. 389, Xincun Road, Putuo District, Shanghai, 200065, P.R. China
| | - Weiwei Wang
- Department of Pathology, The Sixth People's Hospital of Yancheng City, Yancheng, 224001, P.R. China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Putuo People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200060, P.R. China
| | - Junjun Sun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, No. 389, Xincun Road, Putuo District, Shanghai, 200065, P.R. China
| | - Bingjie Zeng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, No. 389, Xincun Road, Putuo District, Shanghai, 200065, P.R. China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, No. 389, Xincun Road, Putuo District, Shanghai, 200065, P.R. China
| | - Wenjing Chang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, No. 389, Xincun Road, Putuo District, Shanghai, 200065, P.R. China
| | - Yili Ping
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, No. 389, Xincun Road, Putuo District, Shanghai, 200065, P.R. China
| | - Ping Ji
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, No. 389, Xincun Road, Putuo District, Shanghai, 200065, P.R. China
| | - Junlu Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, No. 389, Xincun Road, Putuo District, Shanghai, 200065, P.R. China
| | - Wenqiang Quan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, No. 389, Xincun Road, Putuo District, Shanghai, 200065, P.R. China
| | - Yiwen Yao
- Department of Internal Medicine V-Pulmonology, Allergology, Respiratory Intensive Care Medicine, Saarland University Hospital, 66424, Homburg, Germany
| | - Yongxin Zhou
- Department of Thoracic-cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai Tongji Hospital,Tongji University School of Medicine, No. 389, Xincun Road, Putuo District, Shanghai, 200065, P.R. China.
| | - Zujun Sun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, No. 389, Xincun Road, Putuo District, Shanghai, 200065, P.R. China.
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, No. 389, Xincun Road, Putuo District, Shanghai, 200065, P.R. China.
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Alessio N, Brigida AL, Peluso G, Antonucci N, Galderisi U, Siniscalco D. Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes in Autism Spectrum Disorder. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17030944. [PMID: 32033002 PMCID: PMC7037429 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17030944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Neurodevelopmental lifelong pathologies defined by problems with social interaction, communication capacity and presence of repetitive/stereotyped clusters of behavior and interests are grouped under the definition of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). ASD prevalence is still increasing, indicating the need to identify specific biomarkers and novel pharmacotherapies. Neuroinflammation and neuro-immune cross-talk dysregulation are specific hallmarks of ASD, offering the possibility of treating these disorders by stem cell therapy. Indeed, cellular strategies have been postulated, proposed and applied to ASD. However, less is known about the molecular action mechanisms of stem cells. As a possibility, the positive and restorative effects mediated by stem cells could be due to their paracrine activity, by which stem cells produce and release several ameliorative and anti-inflammatory molecules. Among the secreted complex tools, exosomes are sub-organelles, enriched by RNA and proteins, that provide cell-to-cell communication. Exosomes could be the mediators of many stem cell-associated therapeutic activities. This review article describes the potential role of exosomes in alleviating ASD symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Alessio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Division of Molecular Biology, Biotechnology and Histology. University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, via S. Maria di Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Naples, Italy; (N.A.); (U.G.)
| | | | - Gianfranco Peluso
- Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET), National Research Council of Italy, (CNR), via P. Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Nicola Antonucci
- Biomedical Centre for Autism Research and Therapy, 70126 Bari, Italy;
| | - Umberto Galderisi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Division of Molecular Biology, Biotechnology and Histology. University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, via S. Maria di Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Naples, Italy; (N.A.); (U.G.)
| | - Dario Siniscalco
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Division of Molecular Biology, Biotechnology and Histology. University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, via S. Maria di Costantinopoli 16, 80138 Naples, Italy; (N.A.); (U.G.)
- Centre for Autism—La Forza del Silenzio, 81036 Caserta, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Yuan LQ. Novel Strategies for Gene Therapy-Recent Advances in the Use of Exosomes for Disease Treatment. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 25:4463. [PMID: 31934836 DOI: 10.2174/138161282542191230114518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Qing Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, The Second Xiang-Ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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