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Chatterjee A, Kumar S, Roy Sarkar S, Halder R, Kumari R, Banerjee S, Sarkar B. Dietary polyphenols represent a phytotherapeutic alternative for gut dysbiosis associated neurodegeneration: A systematic review. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 129:109622. [PMID: 38490348 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Globally, neurodegeneration and cerebrovascular disease are common and growing causes of morbidity and mortality. Pathophysiology of this group of diseases encompasses various factors from oxidative stress to gut microbial dysbiosis. The study of the etiology and mechanisms of oxidative stress as well as gut dysbiosis-induced neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, autism spectrum disorder, and Huntington's disease has recently received a lot of attention. Numerous studies lend credence to the notion that changes in the intestinal microbiota and enteric neuroimmune system have an impact on the initiation and severity of these diseases. The prebiotic role of polyphenols can influence the makeup of the gut microbiota in neurodegenerative disorders by modulating intracellular signalling pathways. Metabolites of polyphenols function directly as neurotransmitters by crossing the blood-brain barrier or indirectly via influencing the cerebrovascular system. This assessment aims to bring forth an interlink between the consumption of polyphenols biotransformed by gut microbiota which in turn modulate the gut microbial diversity and biochemical changes in the brain. This systematic review will further augment research towards the association of dietary polyphenols in the management of gut dysbiosis-associated neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Chatterjee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Satish Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Suparna Roy Sarkar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Ritabrata Halder
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Rashmi Kumari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Sugato Banerjee
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Biswatrish Sarkar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India.
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Gong H, Han D, Luo Z, Zhu Q, Zhu X, Liu S, Chen D. Xiangshao Decoction alleviates gastric mucosal injury through NRF2 signaling pathway and reduces neuroinflammation in gastric ulcer rats. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 118:154954. [PMID: 37451149 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A type of gastric mucosal injury disease known as gastric ulcer (GU) is clearly connected to the aberrant release of gastric acid. Traditional botanicals have the potential for anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, and other multitarget therapies, as well as being safe. PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential effects of Xiangshao Decoction (XST) on gastric mucosal injury in GU rats and to explore the possible molecular mechanisms. METHODS After identifying XST and its components, we established GU rats and cell models by acetic acid and H2O2 induction, respectively. SOD and MDA indexes in gastric tissues and GES-1 cells, and the serum levels of BDNF, ALT, and AST were detected with relevant kits, changes of the gastric mucosa were observed and recorded, and gastric tissue pathology was observed by H&E staining. The production of ROS in GES-1 cells was detected by fluorescent probes. Cell transfection techniques were used to silence or overexpress NRF2. The mRNA or protein expressions of NRF2, KEAP1, NQO1, HO-1, SOD2, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, IBA1, GFAP, or γ-H2AX in the gastric tissue, hippocampus, or GES-1 cells were measured via qPCR, Western blot, immunofluorescence staining, or immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS The pH of gastric acid, ulcer score, and pathological damage score in GU rats could be reversed by XST administration. Expressions of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in the gastric mucosal tissues and the hippocampus of GU rats after administration of XST were down. Expressions of NRF2, NQO1, HO-1, SOD2, etc. in the gastric mucosal tissues and BDNF in the hippocampus were up-regulated. The production of ROS and MDA and the expressions of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and KEAP1 in H2O2-induced GES-1 cells were significantly reduced after XST intervention, while the activities of SOD and the expression of NRF2, NQO1, HO-1, and SOD2 were significantly increased, and these could be blocked by silencing NRF2 expression. CONCLUSIONS XST can improve oxidative stress injury and inflammatory response in GU rats and cell models, and its mechanism is mediated by the NRF2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiying Gong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 155 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Di Han
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zichen Luo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Disease, Instiute of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Qingping Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaolin Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 23 Nanhu Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210017, China.
| | - Sen Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, 10 You An Men Wai Xi Tou Tiao, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Diping Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 155 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China.
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Gemici B, Birsen İ, İzgüt-Uysal VN. The Apelin-Apela Receptor APJ is Necessary for Formation and Healing of Ischemia Reperfusion-Induced Gastric Ulcer in Rats. Peptides 2023; 166:171027. [PMID: 37245722 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2023.171027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The apelinergic system, widely expressed and regulates hormone-enzyme secretion, motility, and protective mechanisms of the stomach. This system consists of the apelin receptor (APJ) and two peptides known as apela and apelin. The IR-induced experimental gastric ulcer model, is a well-known and commonly used one that induces hypoxia and causes the release of proinflammatory cytokines. Expressions of apelin and its receptor APJ are induced by hypoxia and inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract. Apelin has been shown to affect angiogenesis positively, considered the most critical component of the healing process. Although it is known that apelin and AJP expressions are induced by inflammatory stimuli and hypoxia, stimulate endothelial cell proliferation and have a role in regenerative angiogenesis, no information or has been found in the literature regarding the role of APJ in the formation and healing of gastric mucosal lesions induced by I/R. So, we conducted a study to clarify the role of APJ in formation and healing mechanisms of IR-induced gastric lesions. Male Wistar rats were divided into five groups; control, sham-operated, IR, APJ antagonist treated-IR group (F13A+IR), and the healing groups. F13A was intravenously given to the animals. Gastric lesion index, mucosal blood flow, PGE2, NOx, 4-HNE-MDA, HO activity, and protein expressions of VEGF and HO-1 were measured. F13A application before the IR increased the mucosal injury, F13A application following the ischemia delayed the mucosal healing during the reperfusion period. Consequently, blocking apelin receptors may worsen gastric injury due to the IR and delay mucosal healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burcu Gemici
- Yeditepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - İlknur Birsen
- Akdeniz University, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, 07070 Antalya, Turkey
| | - V Nimet İzgüt-Uysal
- Akdeniz University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, 07070 Antalya, Turkey
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Mistareehi A, Bendowski KT, Bizanti A, Madas J, Zhang Y, Kwiat AM, Nguyen D, Kogut N, Ma J, Chen J, Cheng ZJ. Topographical distribution and morphology of SP-IR axons in the antrum, pylorus, and duodenum of mice. Auton Neurosci 2023; 246:103074. [PMID: 36804650 PMCID: PMC10515648 DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2023.103074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Substance-P (SP) is a commonly used marker of nociceptive afferent axons, and it plays an important role in a variety of physiological functions including the regulation of motility, gut secretion, and vascular flow. Previously, we found that SP-immunoreactive (SP-IR) axons densely innervated the pyloric antrum of the flat-mount of the mouse whole stomach muscular layer. However, the regional distribution and morphology of SP-IR axons in the submucosa and mucosa were not well documented. In this study, the mouse antrum-pylorus-duodenum (APD) were transversely and longitudinally sectioned. A Zeiss M2 imager was used to scan the serial sections of each APD (each section montage consisted of 50-100 all-in-focus maximal projection images). To determine the detailed structures of SP-IR axons and terminals, we used the confocal microscope to scan the regions of interest. We found that 1) SP-IR axons innervated the muscular, submucosal, and mucosal layers. 2) In the muscular layer, SP-IR varicose axons densely innervated the muscles and formed varicose terminals which encircled myenteric neurons. 3) In the submucosa, SP-IR axons innervated blood vessels and submucosal ganglia and formed a network in Brunner's glands. 4) In the mucosa, SP-IR axons innervated the muscularis mucosae. Some SP-IR axons entered the lamina propria. 5) The muscular layer of the antrum and duodenum showed a higher SP-IR axon density than the pyloric sphincter. 6) SP-IR axons were from extrinsic and intrinsic origins. This work provided a comprehensive view of the distribution and morphology of SP-IR axons in the APD at single cell/axon/varicosity scale. This data will be used to create a 3D scaffold of the SP-IR axon innervation of the APD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anas Mistareehi
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, United States of America
| | - Kohlton T Bendowski
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, United States of America
| | - Ariege Bizanti
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, United States of America
| | - Jazune Madas
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, United States of America
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, United States of America
| | - Andrew M Kwiat
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, United States of America
| | - Duyen Nguyen
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, United States of America
| | - Nicole Kogut
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, United States of America
| | - Jichao Ma
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, United States of America
| | - Jin Chen
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, United States of America
| | - Zixi Jack Cheng
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, United States of America.
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Yang R, Li J, Jiang C, Shi J. Preventive and therapeutic effects of an exopolysaccharide produced by Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus on alcoholic gastric ulcers. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 235:123845. [PMID: 36863673 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Crude exopolysaccharides produced by Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus SHA113 were previously found to exhibit anti-alcoholic gastric ulcer activity in mice, but their major active fraction, structural characteristics, and underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Here, LRSE1 was identified as the active exopolysaccharide fraction produced by L. rhamnosus SHA113 responsible for the above effects. Purified LRSE1 had a molecular weight of 4.9 × 104 Da and was comprised of L-fucose, D-mannose, D-glucuronic acid, d-glucose, D-galactose, and L-arabinose in the molar ratio of 2.4:6.5:1.2:1.00:0.3:0.6, respectively. The oral administration of LRSE1 resulted in a significant protective and therapeutic effect on alcoholic gastric ulcers in mice. These effects were identified to involve a reduction in reactive oxygen species, apoptosis, and the inflammatory response, increases in antioxidant enzyme activities, and increases in the phylum Firmicutes and decreases in the genera Enterococcus, Enterobacter, and Bacteroides in the gastric mucosa of mice. In vitro experiments showed that the administration of LRSE1 both inhibited apoptosis in GEC-1 cells via the TRPV1-P65-Bcl-2 pathway and inhibited the inflammatory response in RAW264.7 cells via the TRPV1-PI3K pathway. For the first time, we have identified the active exopolysaccharide fraction produced by Lacticaseibacillus that protects against alcoholic gastric ulcers and determined that its effect involves TRPV1-mediated pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Yang
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 Youyi West Road, Xi'an, Shanxi Province 710072, China
| | - Junjun Li
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chunmei Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 Youyi West Road, Xi'an, Shanxi Province 710072, China
| | - Junling Shi
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 Youyi West Road, Xi'an, Shanxi Province 710072, China.
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Dell’Osso B, Di Nicola M, Cipelli R, Peduto I, Pugliese AC, Signorelli MS, Ventriglio A, Martinotti G. Antidepressant Prescription for Major Depressive Disorder: Results from a Population-Based Study in Italy. Curr Neuropharmacol 2022; 20:2381-2392. [PMID: 35193487 PMCID: PMC9890297 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x20666220222142310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES There is limited evidence about the factors influencing antidepressant (AD) prescription for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) in Real World clinical practice in Italy. In this retrospective, population-based study, we set out to describe a patient cohort initiated on AD treatment for MDD and investigate the possible predictors of different AD prescriptions in the primary care setting. METHODS Patients with a diagnosis of MDD who received an initial prescription of one of 11 selected ADs between 1-Apr-2017 and 31-Mar-2019 (index date) were identified from primary care electronic medical records in the Longitudinal Patient Database. Patients prescribed ≥1 AD in the 12 months before the index date were excluded. Results were stratified by AD molecule. Multivariable logistic regression models estimated the association between patients' demographic, clinical factors, and choice of AD molecule. RESULTS The study cohort comprised 8,823 patients (67.1% female; mean age 61.6 years). Previous AD treatments (prescribed in the 10 years before the index date) had been received by 46.6% of patients (non-naïve patients). The most commonly reported psychiatric and medical comorbidities reported in the 12 months before the index date were anxiety (8.4%) and hypertension (41.9%), respectively. Patients' age was a significant predictor of AD molecule prescribed at index date in eight of the 11 molecules investigated, while patients' gender influenced clinician prescribing bupropion, citalopram, fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, sertraline, and vortioxetine. CONCLUSION Results from this Real World study provide useful information for clinicians on the clinical factors influencing AD prescription in patients treated for MDD in primary care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernardo Dell’Osso
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences Luigi Sacco, Aldo Ravelli Center for Neurotechnology and Brain Therapeutic, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Di Nicola
- Department of Psychiatry, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, Section of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Antonio Ventriglio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Martinotti
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University “G. d'Annunzio” of Chieti - Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Psychopharmacology, Drug Misuse & Novel Psychoactive Substances Research Unit, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hertfordshire, UK
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Protective effects of apelin on gastric mucosa. Tissue Cell 2022; 78:101885. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2022.101885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Zong C, Yang M, Guo X, Ji W. Chronic restraint stress promotes gastric epithelial malignant transformation by activating the Akt/p53 signaling pathway via ADRB2. Oncol Lett 2022; 24:300. [PMID: 35949623 PMCID: PMC9353258 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2022.13420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The etiology of gastric cancer is associated with infectious, environmental and dietary factors, as well as genetic background. Additionally, emerging evidence has supported the vital role of chronic emotional stress on gastric carcinogenesis; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of chronic stress and a detrimental diet on gastric malignant epithelial transformation in rats. Therefore, 26 Wistar rats were randomly divided into the following four groups: i) Control; ii) detrimental diet (DD); iii) detrimental diet with chronic restraint (DR) and iv) detrimental diet with chronic restraint and propranolol treatment (DRP). ELISA was performed to detect the serum levels of epinephrine and norepinephrine. Epithelial cell apoptosis was analyzed using the TUNEL assay. The mRNA and protein expression levels of Akt and p53 were detected using reverse transcription quantitative PCR and western blotting, respectively. Pathological changes were analyzed using hematoxylin and eosin staining (H&E). The H&E staining results showed that dysplasia in the gastric mucosa occurred in two of eight rats in the DD group and in four of five rats in the DR group, whereas no dysplasia was detected in the DRP group. The apoptotic ratios of gastric epithelial cells were significantly decreased in all treatment groups compared with the control group. Adrenoceptor β2 (ADRB2) protein expression levels were increased significantly only in the DR group and this effect was significantly reduced in the DRP group. The mRNA expression levels of Akt and p53 were significantly upregulated in the DD group, and Akt mRNA expression was further elevated in the DR group. With regard to protein expression, the levels of Akt and p-Akt were significantly increased in the DR group, whereas these effects were reversed in the DRP group. Furthermore, the ratio of p-p53/p53 protein was significantly reduced in the DD or DR groups, but was reversed in the DRP group. Collectively, the findings of the present study suggested that chronic restraint stress potentially aggravates the gastric epithelial malignant transformation induced by a detrimental diet, at least partially via the Akt/p53 signaling pathway mediated via ADRB2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanju Zong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261031, P.R. China
| | - Maoquan Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261031, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojing Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261031, P.R. China
| | - Wansheng Ji
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261031, P.R. China
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Zhang Y, Han X, Li Z, Zhang Y, Liang L, Ma X, Liu H, Gao Y, Li Q, Chen X, Lv Y, Ren F. Physiological and histopathological effects of electroporation pulse on stomach of rats. BMC Gastroenterol 2021; 21:351. [PMID: 34556038 PMCID: PMC8461917 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-021-01924-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is an emerging tissue ablation technique with widespread potential, especially for cancer treatment. Although the safety and efficacy of IRE for gastric tissue ablation have been demonstrated, there is a gap of knowledge regarding the effect of electroporation pulse (EP) on the physiology and histopathology of the stomach. This study applied EP to the stomach of healthy rats and investigated the digestive function, serum marker levels, and gastric tissue structure of EP-treated rats. METHODS Ninety male rats were divided into nine groups and examined up to 28 days post-treatment. A single burst of electroporation pulse (500 V, 99 pluses, 1 Hz, 100 µs) was delivered to the stomachs of rats using a tweezer-style round electrode. Gastric emptying, small intestinal transit, and gastric secretion were measured to evaluate the digestive function. Serum marker levels were determined using ELISA. Haematoxylin-eosin, Masson trichrome, and immunofluorescence were performed for histopathological analysis. RESULTS No significant effect on gastric emptying or secretion was found post-EP, whereas the small intestinal transit decreased at 4 h and rapidly recovered to normal on 1-day post-EP. Further, serum TNF-α and IL-1β levels temporarily changed during the acute phase but returned to baseline within 28 days. Moreover, histopathological analysis revealed that cell death occurred immediately post-EP in the ablation area, whereas the gastric wall scaffold in the ablation region remained intact post-EP. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates the safety and efficacy of EP on the physiology and histopathology of the stomach and lays a foundation for more comprehensive applications of this technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchi Zhang
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277, West Yanta Road, Yanta District, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.277, West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Electrical Science and Technology Research Institute, School of Electrical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.28, West Xianning Road, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Xuan Han
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277, West Yanta Road, Yanta District, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.277, West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Zhuoqun Li
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277, West Yanta Road, Yanta District, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.277, West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277, West Yanta Road, Yanta District, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Lihong Liang
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277, West Yanta Road, Yanta District, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Xiaoying Ma
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277, West Yanta Road, Yanta District, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Haonan Liu
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277, West Yanta Road, Yanta District, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Yihui Gao
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277, West Yanta Road, Yanta District, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Qingshan Li
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277, West Yanta Road, Yanta District, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.277, West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Xue Chen
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277, West Yanta Road, Yanta District, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.277, West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Yi Lv
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277, West Yanta Road, Yanta District, Xi'an, 710061, China. .,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.277, West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, China.
| | - Fenggang Ren
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 277, West Yanta Road, Yanta District, Xi'an, 710061, China. .,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.277, West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, China.
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Helicobacter pylori Infection and Extragastric Diseases-A Focus on the Central Nervous System. Cells 2021; 10:cells10092191. [PMID: 34571840 PMCID: PMC8469861 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is most known to cause a wide spectrum of gastrointestinal impairments; however, an increasing number of studies indicates that H. pylori infection might be involved in numerous extragastric diseases such as neurological, dermatological, hematologic, ocular, cardiovascular, metabolic, hepatobiliary, or even allergic diseases. In this review, we focused on the nervous system and aimed to summarize the findings regarding H. pylori infection and its involvement in the induction/progression of neurological disorders. Neurological impairments induced by H. pylori infection are primarily due to impairments in the gut-brain axis (GBA) and to an altered gut microbiota facilitated by H. pylori colonization. Currently, regarding a potential relationship between Helicobacter infection and neurological disorders, most of the studies are mainly focused on H. pylori.
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Yang G, Bai C, Liu T, He J, Gu X. The effect of Raphanus sativus L. seeds on regulation of intestinal motility in rats consuming a high-calorie diet. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 140:111705. [PMID: 34118598 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of a short-term high-calorie diet and the regulation mechanism of Raphanus sativus L. seeds (RSL seeds) on the intestinal motility of young rats. METHODS We fed 20 Specific Pathogen Free (SPF) 4-week-old male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats special high-calorie diet for 3 days and then randomized them to a high-calorie diet group (HCG, 10 rats) and an RSL seeds treatment group (TG, 10 rats). Ten rats of the same age served as the control group (CG). HCG and TG rats continued to be fed high-calorie feed. All of the rats were weighed every 2 days. After 3 days of treatment, the effects of RSL seeds on the regulation of intestinal motility in rats consuming a high-calorie diet were examined. RESULTS After 3 days of consuming a high-calorie diet, body weight was significantly lower in the HCG group than in the control group, and body weight of the HCG group increased slowly with time. Serum substance P (SP) and ghrelin levels were significantly lower, while the nitric oxide (NO) level was significantly higher. There were no differences in hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining of colon sections between the groups. The expression levels of Cx43 and BDNF protein and mRNA in colon tissue were significantly lower in the HCG group. There were no significant differences in body weight between the CG and TG groups. Serum SP and ghrelin indexes in TG group were higher than those in the HCG group, and the NO index was significantly decreased. The expression levels of Cx43 and BDNF proteins and mRNA in the colon tissue were also significantly greater. CONCLUSION Consumption of a short-term high-calorie diet may result in intestinal motility dysfunction and reduced intestinal motility. RSL seeds may improve the intestinal motility by regulating the secretion of gastrointestinal motility hormones and the expression of intestinal motility-related proteins, such as Cx43 and BDNF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guannan Yang
- School of Basic Medical Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, PR China
| | - Chen Bai
- School of Basic Medical Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, PR China
| | - Tiegang Liu
- School of Basic Medical Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, PR China
| | - Jianzhen He
- School of Basic Medical Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, PR China
| | - Xiaohong Gu
- School of Basic Medical Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, PR China.
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12
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Potential of probiotics for use as functional foods in patients with non-infectious gastric ulcer. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.02.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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13
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Kopustinskiene DM, Bernatoniene J. Molecular Mechanisms of Melatonin-Mediated Cell Protection and Signaling in Health and Disease. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13020129. [PMID: 33498316 PMCID: PMC7909293 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13020129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Melatonin, an endogenously synthesized indolamine, is a powerful antioxidant exerting beneficial action in many pathological conditions. Melatonin protects from oxidative stress in ischemic/reperfusion injury, neurodegenerative diseases, and aging, decreases inflammation, modulates the immune system, inhibits proliferation, counteracts the Warburg effect, and promotes apoptosis in various cancer models. Melatonin stimulates antioxidant enzymes in the cells, protects mitochondrial membrane phospholipids, especially cardiolipin, from oxidation thus preserving integrity of the membranes, affects mitochondrial membrane potential, stimulates activity of respiratory chain enzymes, and decreases the opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore and cytochrome c release. This review will focus on the molecular mechanisms of melatonin effects in the cells during normal and pathological conditions and possible melatonin clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia M. Kopustinskiene
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu pr. 13, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania;
| | - Jurga Bernatoniene
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu pr. 13, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania;
- Department of Drug Technology and Social Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu pr. 13, LT-50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Correspondence:
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14
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Su Z, Miao B, Xu MQ, Yang MJ, Fei SJ, Zhang JF. Protective effect of microinjection of glutamate into hypothalamus paraventricular nucleus on chronic visceral hypersensitivity in rats. Brain Res 2020; 1747:147048. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2020.147048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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15
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Di Cerbo A, Carnevale G, Avallone R, Zavatti M, Corsi L. Protective Effects of Borago officinalis (Borago) on Cold Restraint Stress-Induced Gastric Ulcers in Rats: A Pilot Study. Front Vet Sci 2020; 7:427. [PMID: 32984407 PMCID: PMC7492383 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.00427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Stress is a typical body's natural defense to a generic physical or psychic change. A specific linking mechanism between ulcer onset and psycho-physical stress prolonged exposure has been reported. We decided to investigate the possible effects of Borago officinalis L. (Borago) in preventing physical (stress)-induced gastric ulcers in a rat model. Eighty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 16 groups, pretreated with a control solution, omeprazole (20 mg/kg), Borago methanolic extract (25, 50, 100, 250, and 500 mg/kg), Borago organic extract (50, 100, 250, and 500 mg/kg), Borago aqueous extract (5, 10, 20, 30, and 40 mg/kg), and D(-)-2-Amino-5-phosphonovaleric acid (AP5) (25 mg/kg) and kept in stressful conditions such as water immersion and restraint-induced stress ulcers. The animals were sacrificed and their stomach scored for the severity and the number of gastric ulcers. Methanolic extract (500 mg/kg) significantly reduced both ulcer parameters (***p < 0.001 and **p < 0.01, respectively). Aqueous and organic extract significantly decreased severity score at 5 and 10 mg/kg (**p < 0.01 and ***p < 0.001, respectively), and at 250 and 500 mg/kg (***p < 0.001), respectively, while gastric ulcers' resulted number significantly reduced only at 10 mg/kg (*p < 0.05) and at 500 mg/kg (**p < 0.01), respectively. On the other hand, aqueous extract significantly increased the mucosal gastric content of cAMP (*p < 0.05) and NR2A and NR2B subunits (*p < 0.05 and **p < 0.01, respectively) at 5 mg/kg. Organic extract showed also a significant cytotoxic effect at 500 and 1,000 mg/kg with a 3T3 cell viability reduction of 43.6% (**p < 0.01) and 92.1% (***p < 0.001), respectively. Borago aqueous extract at 10 mg/kg could be considered as a potential protective agent against stress-induced ulcers, and it is reasonable to possibly ascribe such protective activity to a modulation of the NR2A and NR2B subunit expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Di Cerbo
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Matelica, Italy
| | - Gianluca Carnevale
- Surgical, Medical and Dental Department of Morphological Sciences Related to Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Rossella Avallone
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Manuela Zavatti
- Surgical, Medical and Dental Department of Morphological Sciences Related to Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Corsi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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16
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Zhao DQ, Xue H, Sun HJ. Nervous mechanisms of restraint water-immersion stress-induced gastric mucosal lesion. World J Gastroenterol 2020; 26:2533-2549. [PMID: 32523309 PMCID: PMC7265141 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i20.2533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Stress-induced gastric mucosal lesion (SGML) is one of the most common visceral complications after trauma. Exploring the nervous mechanisms of SGML has become a research hotspot. Restraint water-immersion stress (RWIS) can induce GML and has been widely used to elucidate the nervous mechanisms of SGML. It is believed that RWIS-induced GML is mainly caused by the enhanced activity of vagal parasympathetic nerves. Many central nuclei, such as the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus, nucleus of the solitary tract, supraoptic nucleus and paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus, mediodorsal nucleus of the thalamus, central nucleus of the amygdala and medial prefrontal cortex, are involved in the formation of SGML in varying degrees. Neurotransmitters/neuromodulators, such as nitric oxide, hydrogen sulfide, vasoactive intestinal peptide, calcitonin gene-related peptide, substance P, enkephalin, 5-hydroxytryptamine, acetylcholine, catecholamine, glutamate, γ-aminobutyric acid, oxytocin and arginine vasopressin, can participate in the regulation of stress. However, inconsistent and even contradictory results have been obtained regarding the actual roles of each nucleus in the nervous mechanism of RWIS-induced GML, such as the involvement of different nuclei with the time of RWIS, the different levels of involvement of the sub-regions of the same nucleus, and the diverse signalling molecules, remain to be further elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Qin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance of Shandong Province, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hua Xue
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance of Shandong Province, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hai-Ji Sun
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance of Shandong Province, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
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17
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Hydrogen Sulfide Protects against Paraquat-Induced Acute Liver Injury in Rats by Regulating Oxidative Stress, Mitochondrial Function, and Inflammation. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:6325378. [PMID: 32064027 PMCID: PMC6998754 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6325378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In addition to the lung, the liver is considered another major target for paraquat (PQ) poisoning. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been demonstrated to be effective in the inhibition of oxidative stress and inflammation. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of exogenous H2S against PQ-induced acute liver injury. The acute liver injury model was established by a single intraperitoneal injection of PQ, evidenced by histological alteration and elevated serum aminotransferase levels. Different doses of NaHS were administered intraperitoneally one hour before exposure to PQ. Analysis of the data shows that exogenous H2S attenuated the PQ-induced liver injury and oxidative stress in a dose-dependent manner. H2S significantly suppressed reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and the elevation of malondialdehyde content while it increased the ratio of GSH/GSSG and levels of antioxidant enzymes including SOD, GSH-Px, HO-1, and NQO-1. When hepatocytes were subjected to PQ-induced oxidative stress, H2S markedly enhanced nuclear translocation of Nrf2 via S-sulfhydration of Keap1 and resulted in the increase in IDH2 activity by regulating S-sulfhydration of SIRT3. In addition, H2S significantly suppressed NLRP3 inflammasome activation and subsequent IL-1β excretion in PQ-induced acute liver injury. Moreover, H2S cannot reverse the decrease in SIRT3 and activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome caused by PQ in Nrf2-knockdown hepatocytes. In summary, H2S attenuated the PQ-induced acute liver injury by enhancing antioxidative capability, regulating mitochondrial function, and suppressing ROS-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation. The antioxidative effect of H2S in PQ-induced liver injury can at least partly be attributed to the promotion of Nrf2-driven antioxidant enzymes via Keap1 S-sulfhydration and regulation of SIRT3/IDH2 signaling via Nrf2-dependent SIRT3 gene transcription as well as SIRT3 S-sulfhydration. Thus, H2S supplementation can form the basis for a promising novel therapeutic strategy for PQ-induced acute liver injury.
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18
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Birsen İ, İzgüt-Uysal VN, Soylu H, Üstünel İ. The effect of apelin-13 on gastric ischemia/reperfusion injury: the roles of sensory nerves and vagus nerve. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2019; 98:282-295. [PMID: 31821012 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2019-0502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Apelin is a peptide that plays a role in physiological processes such as angiogenesis, apoptosis, and proliferation. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of capsaicin-sensitive afferent neurons and vagus in the effect of apelin against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. The experimental groups were (1) control, (2) I/R, (3) apelin + I/R, (4) vagotomy + I/R, (5) vagotomy + apelin + I/R, (6) capsaicin + I/R, (7) capsaicin + apelin + I/R, (8) lorglumide + I/R, and (9) lorglumide + apelin + I/R. To test the potential gastroprotective effect of apelin-13, apelin-13 (2 mg/kg i.v.) was administered just before both ischemia and reperfusion. A vagotomy was performed 1 week before I/R in the vagotomized groups; capsaicin (125 mg/kg s.c.) was administrated 2 weeks before I/R in the capsaicin-treated groups and lorglumide (5 mg/kg i.p.) was administered 30 min before I/R in the lorglumide-treated groups. After I/R, a variety parameters in gastric tissue were analyzed. cfos expression was determined in brainstem samples. In the I/R group, the lesion index, myeloperoxidase activity, lipid peroxidation, nitric oxide, and tumor necrosis factor-α increased, and mucosal blood flow, prostaglandin-E2, and calcitonin gene related peptide decreased. Apelin prevented the damaging effects of I/R and increased cfos expression in brainstem areas. Vagotomy, capsaicin, and lorglumide largely eliminated the gastroprotective effects of apelin-13. This study showed that sensory nerves and the vagus play regulatory roles in apelin-induced gastroprotection. Cholecystokinin may play a role in the effect of apelin through sensory neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- İlknur Birsen
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Biruni University, 34096 İstanbul, Turkey
| | - V Nimet İzgüt-Uysal
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, 07070 Antalya, Turkey
| | - Hakan Soylu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Düzce University, 81620 Düzce, Turkey
| | - İsmail Üstünel
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, 07070 Antalya, Turkey
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19
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Dynamic observation and analysis of metabolic response to moxibustion stimulation on ethanol-induced gastric mucosal lesions (GML) rats. Chin Med 2019; 14:44. [PMID: 31636695 PMCID: PMC6794790 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-019-0266-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gastric mucosal lesion (GML) is the initiating pathological process in many refractory gastric diseases. And moxibustion is an increasingly popular alternative therapy that prevents and treats diseases. However, there are few published reports about developing pathology of GML and therapeutic mechanism of moxibustion treatment on GML. In this study, we investigated pathology of GML and therapeutic mechanism of moxibustion treatment on GML. Methods The male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were induced by intragastric administration of 75% ethanol after fasting for 24 h and treated by moxibustion at Zusanli (ST36) and Liangmen (ST21) for 1 day, 4 days or 7 days. Then we applied 1H NMR-based metabolomics to dynamic analysis of metabolic profiles in biological samples (stomach, cerebral cortex and medulla). And the conventional histopathological examinations as well as metabolic pathways assays were also performed. Results Moxibustion intervention showed a beneficial effect on GML by modulating comprehensive metabolic alterations caused by GML, including energy metabolism, membrane metabolism, cellular active and neurotransmitters function. Conclusions Moxibustion can effectively treat gastric mucosal damage and effectively regulate the concentration of some related differential metabolites to maintain the stability of the metabolic pathway.
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20
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He QD, Huang MS, Zhang LB, Shen JC, Lian LY, Zhang Y, Chen BH, Liu CC, Qian LC, Liu M, Yang ZB. Effect of Moxibustion on Intestinal Microbiome in Acute Gastric Ulcer Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2019; 2019:6184205. [PMID: 31949469 PMCID: PMC6948313 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6184205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), moxibustion had been used for thousands of years. Many clinical case reports and scientific studies had proved that moxibustion had a good effect in treating acute gastric ulcer (AGU). Some studies had shown that the relative content and species of bacteria in the intestinal would be changed when gastric mucosal injury happened. However, there was little research on the effect of intestinal microbiome with AGU rats that were treating by moxibustion. This study is aimed at analyzing the effect of fecal microbiome in rats with AGU by the 16S rDNA sequencing technology. Male SD rats were established by orally feeding once with 70% ethanol at 4 ml/kg except the control group, then treated by moxibustion in the stomach meridian group ("Liangmen," "Zusanli") and the gallbladder meridian group ("Riyue," "Yanglingquan") for 5 days. The 16S rDNA sequencing technology analysis of feces combined with histopathological methods and molecular biological detection methods was used to evaluate the therapeutic mechanism of moxibustion on AGU. AGU brought cause changes in the number and species of intestinal bacteria. Moxibustion on stomach meridian group could reduce the area of gastric mucosal injury and regulate the relative content of GAS and EGF. Moreover, moxibustion on the stomach meridian group could increase the relative content and species of beneficial bacteria in the intestine of rats with AGU. The relative abundance of intestinal probiotics was significantly upregulated in Alphaproteobacteria, Actinomycetales, and Bacillales. In addition, moxibustion might promote the repair of gastric mucosal injury by increasing the number and species of beneficial bacteria in the intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-da He
- 1Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- 2College of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Miao-sen Huang
- 1Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- 2College of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Long-bin Zhang
- 1Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Jia-cheng Shen
- 1Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Lin-yu Lian
- 1Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- 2College of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- 1Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- 3College of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Bao-hua Chen
- 1Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Cai-chun Liu
- 1Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Lin-chao Qian
- 1Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Mi Liu
- 3College of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Zong-bao Yang
- 1Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
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21
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Sun H, Zhao P, Liu W, Li L, Ai H, Ma X. Ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus in regulation of stress-induced gastric mucosal injury in rats. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10170. [PMID: 29977067 PMCID: PMC6033936 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28456-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies showed that restraint water-immersion stress (RWIS) increases the expression of Fos protein in the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus (VMH), indicating the VMH involving in the stress-induced gastric mucosal injury (SGMI). The present study was designed to investigate its possible neuro-regulatory mechanisms in rats receiving either VMH lesions or sham surgery. The model for SGMI was developed by restraint and water (21 ± 1 °C) immersion for 2 h. Gastric mucosal injury index, gastric motility, gastric acid secretion and Fos expression in the hypothalamus and brainstem were examined on the 15th postoperative day in RWIS rats. Gastric mucosal injury in VMH-lesioned rats was obviously aggravated compared to the control. Gastric acidity under RWIS was obviously higher in VMH-lesioned rats than that in sham rats. Meantime, the VMH-lesioned rats exhibited marked increases in the amplitude of gastric motility in the VMH lesions group after RWIS. In VMH-lesioned rats, Fos expression significantly increased in the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMV), the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS), the area postrema (AP), the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and the supraoptic nucleus (SON) in response to RWIS. These results indicate that VMH lesions can aggravate the stress-induced gastric mucosal injury through the VMH-dorsal vagal complex (DVC)-vagal nerve pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiji Sun
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, School of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China.
| | - Pan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, School of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Wenkai Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, School of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Lei Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, School of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Hongbin Ai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, School of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Xiaoli Ma
- Central Laboratory, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250013, China.
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22
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Comparative metabolomics study on therapeutic mechanism of electro-acupuncture and moxibustion on rats with chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG). Sci Rep 2017; 7:14362. [PMID: 29084954 PMCID: PMC5662682 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13195-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Some studies have proved that both acupuncture and moxibustion are very effective for the treatment of CAG. However, little is known about therapeutic mechanism of electro-acupuncture and moxibustion on CAG as well as the difference between them. On the other hand, metabolomics is a 'top-down' approach to understand metabolic changes of organisms caused by disease or interventions in holistic context, which consists with the holistic thinking of electro-acupuncture and moxibustion treatment. In this study, the difference of therapeutic mechanism between electro-acupuncture and moxibustion on CAG rats was investigated by a 1H NMR-based metabolomics analysis of multiple biological samples (serum, stomach, cerebral cortex and medulla) coupled with pathological examination and molecular biological assay. For all sample types, both electro-acupuncture and moxibustion intervention showed beneficial effects by restoring many CAG-induced metabolic changes involved in membrane metabolism, energy metabolism and function of neurotransmitters. Notably, the moxibustion played an important role in CAG treatment mainly by regulating energy metabolism in serum, while main acting site of electro-acupuncture treatment was nervous system in stomach and brain. These findings are helpful to facilitate the therapeutic mechanism elucidating of electro-acupuncture and moxibustion on CAG rats. Metabolomics is promising in mechanisms study for traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).
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Chen T, Hu Y, Liu B, Huang X, Li Q, Gao N, Jin Z, Jia T, Guo D, Jin G. Combining thioridazine and loratadine for the treatment of gastrointestinal tumor. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:4573-4580. [PMID: 29085455 PMCID: PMC5649607 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In 2015, the American Society of Clinical Oncology announced that strategies of using combination therapies have been indicated to be effective against many types of cancer. In the present study, thioridazine (THZ) was used in a combination therapy with loratadine (LOR) to target gastrointestinal tumor, with the aim of investigating whether combined therapy was superior to monotherapy in its antitumor effects. The antiproliferative effects on CT26.WT and MFC cells were analyzed using cell-counting kit-8 assay, and synergistic effect was assessed by combination index (Fig. 1). Annexin V and propidium iodide staining indicated the combination therapy was able to induce apoptosis and that this may be mediated via caspase-3, -9 and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) (Fig. 2). Antitumor activity was also evaluated in CT26.WT xenografts in BALB/c mice (Fig. 3). Furthermore, as expected, combination therapy was able to successfully inhibit the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway (Fig. 4). These findings suggest that the combination therapy with THZ and LOR may provide a promising therapy for gastrointestinal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Chen
- Cancer Research Center, Department of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, P.R. China.,Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Yunlong Hu
- Cancer Research Center, Department of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, P.R. China.,Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Bin Liu
- Cancer Research Center, Department of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, P.R. China
| | - Xinping Huang
- Cancer Research Center, Department of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, P.R. China
| | - Qin Li
- Cancer Research Center, Department of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, P.R. China
| | - Ningning Gao
- Cancer Research Center, Department of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, P.R. China
| | - Zhenchao Jin
- Cancer Research Center, Department of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, P.R. China
| | - Tieliu Jia
- Cancer Research Center, Department of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, P.R. China.,Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Deyin Guo
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Guangyi Jin
- Cancer Research Center, Department of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, P.R. China
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24
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Effect of Xiaoyao San on the brain-gut axis in rats after chronic immobilization stress. JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICAL SCIENCES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcms.2017.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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25
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Affiliation(s)
- Predrag Sikiric
- Medical Faculty, University of Zagreb Šalata 3, 10000 Zagreb Croatia
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