Xigua Video as a Source of Information on Breast Cancer: Content Analysis

Relating caregiver experiences to personalized "push" content in mobile applications among caregivers of pediatric patients with oncology conditions

OBJECTIVE

With the evolution of data algorithms and personalized push systems in mobile applications, patients who have searched for disease-related information may repeatedly receive similar content on app homepages or through notifications. This study aims to assess the influence of health-related content delivered through mobile applications on the anxiety and depression levels of caregivers of pediatric oncology patients.

METHODS

A survey consisting of 16 questions was conducted among 91 caregivers of pediatric oncology patients at the Children's Hospital affiliated with Chongqing Medical University. The questionnaire was designed by oncologists and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale was used to assess the caregivers' psychological states.

RESULTS

The study found that 31.5% of caregivers exhibited borderline anxiety symptoms, while 20.2% displayed borderline depression symptoms. Caregivers who noticed changes in homepage recommendations reported higher levels of anxiety (p = .004) and depression (p = .034). Additionally, 50.6% occasionally felt anxious or uneasy due to personalized notifications and 19.1% frequently felt this way. Moreover, 53.9% of the caregivers reported a negative impact on their emotions or daily life.

SIGNIFICANCE

Personalized push notifications related to disease information in mobile applications can impose a significant psychological burden on patients and their caregivers. Mobile application developers and healthcare providers must strengthen their support in the digital health domain to enhance the emotional well-being of cancer patients and their caregivers.

Qualitative research on undergraduate nursing students' recognition and response to short videos' health disinformation

Background

With the popularity of the internet, short videos have become an indispensable tool to obtain health information. However, avoiding health disinformation owing to the openness of the Internet is difficult for users. Disinformation may endanger the health and lives of users.

Objective

With a focus on the process of identifying short videos' health disinformation and the factors affecting the accuracy of identification, this study aimed to investigate the identification methods, coping strategies, and the impact of short videos' health disinformation on undergraduate nursing students. The findings will provide guidance to users on obtaining high-quality and healthy information, in addition to reducing health risks.

Methods

Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with 22 undergraduate nursing students in October 2022, and data were collected for collation and content analyses.

Results

The techniques used to identify short videos that include health disinformation as well as how undergraduate nursing students perceived these videos' features are among the study's findings. The failure factors in identification, coping paths, and adverse impacts of short videos on health disinformation were analyzed. The platform, the material itself, and the students' individual characteristics all have an impact on their identifying behavior.

Conclusions

Medical students continue to face many obstacles in identifying and responding to health disinformation through short videos. Preventing and stopping health disinformation not only requires individual efforts to improve health literacy and maintain rational thinking, it also requires the joint efforts of short video producers, relevant departments, and platforms.

Health information in short videos about metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: Analysing quality and reliability

BACKGROUND & AIMS

Short videos, crucial for disseminating health information on metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), lack a clear evaluation of quality and reliability. This study aimed to assess the quality and reliability of MASLD-related videos on Chinese platforms.

METHODS

Video samples were collected from three platforms (TikTok, Kwai and Bilibili) during the period from November 2019 to July 2023. Two independent reviewers evaluated the integrity of the information contained therein by scoring six key aspects of its content: definition, epidemiology, risk factors, outcomes, diagnosis and treatment. The quality and reliability of the videos were assessed using the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) criteria, the Global Quality Score (GQS) and the modified DISCERN score.

RESULTS

A total of 198 videos were included. The video content exhibited an overall unsatisfactory quality, with a primary emphasis on risk factors and treatment, while diagnosis and epidemiology were seldom addressed. Regarding the sources of the videos, the GQS and modified DISCERN scores varied significantly between the platforms (p = .003), although they had generally similar JAMA scores (p = .251). Videos created by medical professionals differed significantly in terms of JAMA scores (p = .046) compared to those created by nonmedical professionals, but there were no statistically significant differences in GQS (p = .923) or modified DISCERN scores (p = .317).

CONCLUSIONS

The overall quality and reliability of the videos were poor and varied between platforms and uploaders. Platforms and healthcare professionals should strive to provide more reliable health-related information regarding MASLD.

Assessment of the reliability and quality of breast cancer related videos on TikTok and Bilibili: cross-sectional study in China

Background

As the most common malignant tumor in the world, breast cancer also brings a huge disease burden to China. Ordinary people are increasingly inclined to use the Internet, especially video social platforms, as a source of health information. Educating the public to obtain correct information is important to reduce the incidence of breast cancer and improve the prognosis. However, the quality and reliability of breast cancer-related video content have not been fully studied.

Objective

This study aims to evaluate the quality of the information of breast cancer-related videos on TikTok and Bilibili video sharing platforms and factors related to video quality.

Methods

We collected the top 100 videos about breast cancer on TikTok and Bilibili, respectively. Categorize videos according to video source and video content. Video quality and reliability were assessed using Global Quality Score (GQS) and modified DISCERN (mDISCERN) tools. We also analyzed the correlation between video quality and video likes, comments, saves, and shares.

Results

Although the quality and reliability of Bilibili's breast cancer videos were higher than TikTok (p = 0.002 and p = 0.001, respectively), the video quality of both video sharing platforms was not satisfactory, with a median GQS scores of 2.00 and 3.00 and mDISCERN scores of 1.00 and 2.00, respectively. In general, the quality and reliability of videos released by medical practitioners were higher than those of non-medical practitioners, and the quality and reliability of videos covering disease-related knowledge were higher than those of news reports (all p < 0.001). Among medical practitioners, the quality of videos uploaded by doctors in breast disease was significantly lower than that of doctors in other areas (p < 0.05). There was a significant positive correlation between video quality and duration (r = 0.240, p < 0.001), a weak negative correlation between video quality and likes (r = 0.191, p < 0.01), video quality and comments (r = 0.256, p < 0.001), video reliability and likes (r = 0.198, p < 0.001), video reliability and comments (r = 0.243, p < 0.01).

Conclusion

Our study shows that the quality and reliability of breast cancer-related videos on TikTok and Bilibili are poor, and the overall quality is unsatisfactory. But videos uploaded by medical practitioners covering disease knowledge, prevention and treatment are of higher quality. Medical practitioners are encouraged to publish more high-quality videos, while video social platforms should formulate relevant policies to censor and supervise health education videos, so as to enable the public to obtain reliable health information.

Assessing the quality of breast cancer-related videos on TikTok: A cross-sectional study

Purpose

Breast cancer, the most common cancer in women globally, highlights the need for patient education. Despite many breast cancer discussions on TikTok, their scientific evaluation is lacking. Our study seeks to assess the content quality and accuracy of popular TikTok videos on breast cancer, to improve the dissemination of health knowledge.

Methods

On August 22, 2023, we collected the top 100 trending videos from TikTok's Chinese version using "breast cancer/breast nodule" as keywords. We noted their length, TikTok duration, likes, comments, favorites, reposts, uploader types, and topics. Four assessment tools were used: Goobie's six questions, the Patient Educational Material Assessment Tool (PEMAT), the Video Information and Quality Index (VIQI), and the Global Quality Score (GQS). These instruments evaluate videos based on content, informational integrity, and overall quality.

Results

Among the 100 videos, content quality was low with Goobie's questions mostly scoring 0, except for management at 1.0 (QR 1.0). PEMAT scores were moderate: 54.1 (QR 1.6) for sum, 47.0 (QR 18.8) for PEMAT-A, and 52.3 (QR 11.7) for PEMAT-U. Regarding the quality of information, the VIQI (sum) median was 14.1 (QR 0.2). Additionally, the median GQS score was 3.5 (QR 0.1). Medical professionals' videos focused on breast cancer stages, while patient videos centered on personal experiences. Patient videos had lower content and overall quality compared to those by medical professionals (PEMAT, GQS: P < 0.001, P = 0.004) but received more comments, indicating higher engagement (all P < 0.05).

Conclusion

TikTok's breast cancer content shows educational potential, but while informational quality is moderate, content quality needs improvement. Videos by medical professionals are of higher quality. We recommend increased involvement of healthcare professionals on TikTok to enhance content quality. Non-medical users should share verified information, and TikTok should strengthen its content vetting. Users must scrutinize the credibility of health information on social platforms.

A novel system to provide information via online YouTube videos and an evaluation of current online information about hereditary breast cancer

BACKGROUND

The internet, especially YouTube, has become a prominent source of health information. However, the quality and accuracy of medical content on YouTube vary, posing concerns about misinformation. This study focuses on providing reliable information about hereditary breast cancer on YouTube, given its importance for decision-making among patients and families. The study examines the quality and accessibility of such content in Japanese, where limited research has been conducted.

METHODS

A nonprofit organization called BC Tube was established in May 2020 to create informative videos about breast cancer. The study analyzed 85 YouTube videos selected using the Japanese keywords "hereditary breast cancer" and "HBOC", categorized into six groups based on the source of upload: BC Tube, hospitals/governments, individual physicians, public-interest organizations/companies, breast cancer survivors, and others. The videos were evaluated based on various factors, including content length, view counts, likes, comments, and the presence of advertisements. The content was evaluated using the PEMAT and DISCERN quality criteria.

RESULTS

BC Tube created high-quality videos with high scores on PEMAT understandability, significantly outperforming other sources. Videos from public-interest organizations/companies received the most views and likes, despite their lower quality. Videos from medical institutions and governments were of superior quality but attracted less attention.

CONCLUSIONS

Our study emphasizes the importance of promoting accessible, easy-to-understand, and widely recognized medical information online. The popularity of videos does not always correspond to their quality, emphasizing the importance of quality evaluation. BC Tube provides a peer-reviewed platform to disseminate high-quality health information. We need to develop high-quality online health information and encourage the promotion of evidence-based information on YouTube.

Public's preferences for health science popularization short videos in China: a discrete choice experiment

Background

Health science popularization short video disseminates health information to the public in an understandable way about health information.

Objective

To investigate the preferences of Chinese residents for health science popularization short videos and provide suggestions for optimizing the production of short videos.

Methods

An online survey of Chinese people was conducted using a self-administered questionnaire, and a discrete choice experiment (DCE) was used to explore the public's preferences for health science popularization short videos.

Results

A total of 618 respondents were included, of which 306 (45.51%) were male and 312 (50.49%) were female, 271 (43.85%) were aged 18-25, 239 (38.67%) were aged 26-60, and 108 (17.48%) were aged 60 and above. Whether the video is charged or not (46.891%) and the account subject (28.806%) were both considered important. The results of the DCE revealed that the participants considered video free of charge as the most significant attribute of health science popularization short videos (OR 3.433, 95% CI 3.243-3.633). Overall, participants preferred and were more willing to pay for health science popularization short videos with a hospital account subject (OR 1.192, 95% CI 1.116-1.274), with the form of graphic narration (OR 1.062, 95% CI 1.003-1.126), free of charge (OR 3.433, 95% CI 3.243-3.633), with the content that satisfies their needs (very much needed: OR 1.253, 95% CI 95% CI 1.197-1.311; generally needed: OR 1.078, 95% CI 1.029-1.129), with platform certification (OR 1.041, 95% CI 1.011-1.073), without commercial advertisements (OR 1.048, 95% CI 1.018-1.080), with simple-to-understand content (OR 1.071, 95% CI 1.040-1.104), and with video content that evokes fear or dread of illness in the viewer (OR 1.046, 95% CI 1.015-1.078).

Conclusion

Participants favor free health popularization short videos, which are hospital accounts, with content that is illustrated, understandable, meets their needs, and can serve as a warning. In the future, the production of health popularization short videos should focus on improving the diversity and relevance of video content, making it as easy to understand to achieve good science popularization effects.

Content Quality of Web-Based Short-Form Videos for Fire and Burn Prevention in China: Content Analysis

BACKGROUND

Web-based short-form videos are increasingly popular for disseminating fire and burn prevention information, but their content quality is unknown.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to systematically assess the characteristics, content quality, and public impact of web-based short-form videos offering primary and secondary (first aid) prevention recommendations for fires and burns in China between 2018 and 2021.

METHODS

We retrieved short-form videos offering both primary and secondary (first aid) information to prevent fire and burn injuries published on the 3 most popular web-based short-form video platforms in China: TikTok, Kwai, and Bilibili. To assess video content quality, we calculated the proportion of short-form videos that included information on each of the 15 recommendations for burn prevention education from the World Health Organization (WHO; P1) and that correctly disseminated each recommendation (P2). High P1 and P2 indicated better content quality. To assess their public impact, we calculated the median (IQR) of 3 indicators: the number of comments, likes, and saves as a favorite by viewers. Chi-square test, trend chi-square test, and Kruskal-Wallis H test examined differences in indicators across the 3 platforms, years, content, and time duration of videos and between videos disseminating correct versus incorrect information.

RESULTS

Overall, 1459 eligible short-form videos were included. The number of short-form videos increased by 16 times between 2018 and 2021. Of them, 93.97% (n=1371) were about secondary prevention (first aid) and 86.02% (n=1255) lasted <2 minutes. The proportion of short-form videos including each of the 15 WHO recommendations ranged from 0% to 77.86% (n=1136). Recommendations 8, 13, and 11 had the highest proportions (n=1136, 77.86%; n=827, 56.68%; and n=801, 54.9%, respectively), whereas recommendations 3 and 5 were never mentioned. Among the short-form videos that included the WHO recommendations, recommendations 1, 2, 4, 6, 9, and 12 were always disseminated correctly, but the other 9 recommendations were correctly disseminated in 59.11% (120/203) to 98.68% (1121/1136) of videos. The proportion of short-form videos including and correctly disseminating the WHO recommendations varied across platforms and years. The public impact of short videos varied greatly across videos, with a median (IQR) of 5 (0-34) comments, 62 (7-841) likes, and 4 (0-27) saves as a favorite. Short-form videos disseminating correct recommendations had larger public impact than those disseminating either partially correct or incorrect knowledge (median 5 vs 4 comments, 68 vs 51 likes, and 5 vs 3 saves as a favorite, respectively; all P<.05).

CONCLUSIONS

Despite the rapid increase in the number of web-based short-form videos about fire and burn prevention available in China, their content quality and public impact were generally low. Systematic efforts are recommended to improve the content quality and public impact of short-form videos on injury prevention topics such as fire and burn prevention.

Quality of online video resources concerning patient education for neck pain: A YouTube-based quality-control study

Background

More than 70 percent of the world's population is tortured with neck pain more than once in their vast life, of which 50-85% recur within 1-5 years of the initial episode. With medical resources affected by the epidemic, more and more people seek health-related knowledge via YouTube. This article aims to assess the quality and reliability of the medical information shared on YouTube regarding neck pain.

Methods

We searched on YouTube using the keyword "neck pain" to include the top 50 videos by relevance, then divided them into five and seven categories based on their content and source. Each video was quantitatively assessed using the Journal of American Medical Association (JAMA), DISCERN, Global Quality Score (GQS), Neck Pain-Specific Score (NPSS), and video power index (VPI). Spearman correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between JAMA, GQS, DISCERN, NPSS and VPI. A multiple linear regression analysis was applied to identify video features affecting JAMA, GQS, DISCERN, and NPSS.

Results

The videos had a mean JAMA score of 2.56 (SD = 0.43), DISCERN of 2.55 (SD = 0.44), GQS of 2.86 (SD = 0.72), and NPSS of 2.90 (SD = 2.23). Classification by video upload source, non-physician videos had the greatest share at 38%, and sorted by video content, exercise training comprised 40% of the videos. Significant differences between the uploading sources were observed for VPI (P = 0.012), JAMA (P < 0.001), DISCERN (P < 0.001), GQS (P = 0.001), and NPSS (P = 0.007). Spearman correlation analysis showed that JAMA, DISCERN, GQS, and NPSS significantly correlated with each other (JAMA vs. DISCERN, p < 0.001, JAMA vs. GQS, p < 0.001, JAMA vs. NPSS, p < 0.001, DISCERN vs. GQS, p < 0.001, DISCERN vs. NPSS, p < 0.001, GQS vs. NPSS, p < 0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis suggested that a higher JAMA score, DISCERN, or GQS score were closely related to a higher probability of an academic, physician, non-physician or medical upload source (P < 0.005), and a higher NPSS score was associated with a higher probability of an academic source (P = 0.001) than of an individual upload source.

Conclusions

YouTube videos pertaining to neck pain contain low quality, low reliability, and incomplete information. Patients may be put at risk for health complications due to inaccurate, and incomplete information, particularly during the COVID-19 crisis. Academic groups should be committed to high-quality video production and promotion to YouTube users.

YouTube English videos as a source of information on arm and shoulder exercise after breast cancer surgery

PURPOSE

To examine the reliability, quality and content of YouTube videos on exercises that can be performed after breast cancer (BC) surgery.

METHODS

Videos selected from YouTube using the search terms 'shoulder exercise and BC surgery', 'arm exercise and BC surgery' and 'physiotherapy/physical therapy and BC surgery' were categorised as useful or misleading by a surgeon and a physiotherapist. The videos were analysed using the 5-point DISCERN scale for reliability, the Global Quality Scale for quality and a 10-item scale for comprehensiveness.

RESULTS

Of the 180 videos initially analysed, 82 were included in the study, and 42 (51.2%) were classified as having misleading information and 40(48.8%) as having useful information. The reliability, quality and content scores of the videos containing useful information were higher (p < 0.001). Most of the videos in the useful information group (80%) were uploaded by universities/professional organisations/physicians/physiotherapists, while the majority of those in the misleading information group (47.6%) were uploaded by websites providing independent healthcare information.

CONCLUSION

YouTube can be an important instrument to protect patients from musculoskeletal system complications after BC treatment and improve existing complications. Universities, physicians and physiotherapists should be encouraged to prepare more videos containing full and accurate information on this subject.