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Lau N, Srinakarin K, Aalfs H, Zhao X, Palermo TM. TikTok and teen mental health: an analysis of user-generated content and engagement. J Pediatr Psychol 2024:jsae039. [PMID: 38950415 DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsae039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND TikTok is a social media mobile application that is widely used by adolescents, and has the potential to serve as a revolutionary platform for public and mental health discourse, education, and intervention. OBJECTIVE Our study aimed to describe the content and engagement metrics of the hashtag #teenmentalhealth on TikTok. METHODS In this study, we: (a) conducted a directed content analysis of the Top 100 TikTok videos tagged with #teenmentalhealth, and (b) collected data on video engagements (views, likes, saves, and shares) and computed view-based engagement rates. RESULTS The videos collectively garnered 144,320,591 views; 28,289,655 likes; 219,780 comments; 1,971,492 saves; and 478,696 shares. Most of the generated content were from teens and therapists. Engagement metrics revealed strong user engagement rates across user types. The most prevalent content categories represented across videos were personal experience, coping techniques or treatment, humor, interpersonal relationships, and health campaign. The content categories with the highest engagement rates were relatable media representation, health campaign, social isolation, and humor. Only a single video incorporated evidence-based treatment content. CONCLUSION TikTok facilitates communication and information dissemination on teen mental health. Future research should focus on improving the quality and credibility of digital content while maintaining engagement through creativity, self-expression, and relatability. Use of popular social media platforms and community-engaged research to disseminate evidence-based content may help bridge the translational research gap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Lau
- Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Kavin Srinakarin
- Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Homer Aalfs
- Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Tonya M Palermo
- Center for Child Health, Behavior and Development, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States
- Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
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Tang H, Spreckley M, van Sluijs E, Ahern AL, Smith AD. The impact of social media interventions on eating behaviours and diet in adolescents and young adults: a mixed methods systematic review protocol. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e083465. [PMID: 38670609 PMCID: PMC11057283 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-083465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adolescents and young adults are susceptible population when it comes to healthy eating and dietary behaviours. The increasing use of social media by this age group presents a unique opportunity to promote healthy eating habits. Social media has become a popular platform for promoting health interventions, particularly among young people. However, there is a lack of consensus on the effectiveness of social media interventions in this population. This mixed-method systematic review aims to synthesise the available evidence on the impact of social media interventions on healthy eating behaviours among young people, their qualitative views and user experiences, and the intervention characteristics, behaviour change theories and techniques used to promote healthy eating. METHODS AND ANALYSIS We will conduct a comprehensive search of seven electronic databases, including ASSIA, Cochrane Library, Embase, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Scopus and Web of Science. The search strategy will use a combination of Medical Subject Headings terms and keywords covering three domains: social media, eating behaviours and young people. The search will be limited to peer-reviewed published papers in any language, published from 2000. Three independent reviewers will screen studies based on predetermined eligibility criteria. Data will be extracted and analysed using a convergent segregated mixed-method approach. We will use random-effect meta-analysis or Synthesis Without Meta-analysis for quantitative data and thematic synthesis for qualitative data. Finally, narrative synthesis using concurrent triangulation will be used to bring together the results of the mixed-method data analysis to provide a comprehensive and integrated understanding of the impact and other features of social media interventions. This systematic review will adhere to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical approval is not required since this systematic review will not collect original data. The outcomes of this review will be shared through peer-reviewed publications and conference presentations and will contribute to the PhD thesis of the primary author. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42023414476.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Tang
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Marie Spreckley
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Esther van Sluijs
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Amy L Ahern
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andrea D Smith
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
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Che S, Kim JH. Sentiment Impact of Public Health Agency communication Strategies on TikTok under COVID-19 Normalization: Deep Learning Exploration. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GESUNDHEITSWISSENSCHAFTEN = JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2023:1-12. [PMID: 37361279 PMCID: PMC10172056 DOI: 10.1007/s10389-023-01921-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Aim The accessibility of social media data has allowed researchers to measure official-public interactions during COVID-19. However, previous work analyzing official posts or public comments has failed to explore the link between the two. Therefore, this study investigates the relationship between the communication strategies of public health agencies (PHAs) on TikTok and public emotional/sentiment tendencies in COVID-19 normalization. Subject and methods This study uses the 2022 Shanghai city closure event as a public health communication case study in the context of COVID-19 normalization, using TikTok as a data source. We first analyze the communication strategies adopted by the PHA based on the Crisis and Emergency Risk Communication (CERC) model. Then, we classify the sentiment of public comments using the Large-Scale Knowledge Enhanced Pre-Training for Language Understanding and Generation (ERNIE) pre-training model. Finally, we explore the connection between PHA communication strategies and public sentiment tendencies. Results First, the public's sentiment tendencies differ at different stages. Therefore, appropriate communication strategies should be developed stage-by-stage. Second, the public's emotional disposition to different communication strategies varies: government statements, vaccines, and prevention and control programs are more likely to produce a friendly comment environment, while policy and new cases per day are more likely to produce unfavorable comment content. However, this does not mean that policy and new cases per day should be avoided; the judicious use of these two strategies can help PHAs understand the current issues causing public dissatisfaction. Third, videos with celebrity appearances can significantly increase positive public sentiment and, thereby, public participation. Conclusion We propose an improved CERC guideline for China based on the Shanghai lockdown case.
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Affiliation(s)
- ShaoPeng Che
- School of Journalism and Communication, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jang Hyun Kim
- Department of Interaction Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
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Al-Rawi A, Zemenchik K. Tiktoking COVID-19 with frontline workers. Digit Health 2023; 9:20552076231152766. [PMID: 36776404 PMCID: PMC9912553 DOI: 10.1177/20552076231152766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction/Objective During the COVID-19 pandemic, frontline workers have taken to social media platforms to discuss a variety of issues that concern their personal and professional lives. In particular, TikTok's increased prominence as a social media channel has proved significant for enhancing the public presence of healthcare workers and their ability to disseminate content to a wider audience. The ways that healthcare workers use TikTok draws attention to the type of health information disseminated to the public through social media platforms. This provides the public with succinct and often visually entertaining information that may not be otherwise distributed to them directly from elsewhere. This study also provides relevant insights into how social media-TikTok in particular-can be used as a tool for disseminating knowledge about COVID-19 related topics and combatting misinformation by using the credibility of frontline workers. Methods This study collected a sample of over 2100 TikTok videos posted by healthcare workers that were coded according to the dominant overarching themes. Results The themes that arose from this sample were: (1) healthcare workers' mental health and working conditions, (2) healthcare heroes/appreciation, (3) criticism against official authorities, (4) countering misinformation, (5) humor/satire, and (6) educational content. Conclusion Due to the rise in public appreciation for frontline workers, examining the effects of the pandemic through the eyes of frontline workers has drawn attention to their lived realities in various forms. This study provided some insight into how frontline workers use TikTok to disseminate information and education to the public, often relying on their perceived credibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Al-Rawi
- School of Communication, Faculty of Communication, Art and
Technology, Simon Fraser University, British Columbia, Canada,Ahmed Al-Rawi, School of Communication,
Faculty of Communication, Art and Technology, Simon Fraser University, 8888
University Drive, British Columbia, Canada V5A 1S6.
| | - Kiana Zemenchik
- School for International Studies, Faculty of Communication, Art and
Technology, Simon Fraser University, British Columbia, Canada
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5
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Mello S, Glowacki E, Fuentes I, Seabolt J. Communicating COVID-19 Risk on Instagram: A Content Analysis of Official Public Health Messaging During the First Year of the Pandemic. JOURNAL OF HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2023; 28:38-52. [PMID: 36760119 DOI: 10.1080/10810730.2023.2175278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Early in the COVID-19 pandemic, social media platform Instagram surged in popularity as a source of health information. Both the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) leveraged Instagram accounts to publicly distribute COVID-related information. The current study investigated whether WHO and CDC messaging strategies on Instagram adhered to best practices defined by two theoretical frameworks: the extended parallel process model and crisis and emergency risk communication. We conducted a quantitative content analysis of COVID-related posts (n = 726) published between January-December 2020 to determine how both agencies (1) communicated the threat of the pandemic (e.g. susceptibility and severity of negative COVID-19 consequences); (2) appealed to self-, response, and collective efficacy; (3) incorporated cues to action (e.g. preventive behaviors, information seeking); and (4) leveraged credibility cues (e.g. scientific evidence, experts). Results showed threat information was limited, whereas efficacy appeals and cues to action were abundant. The CDC relied more heavily on depictions of self- and response efficacy, whereas the WHO appealed more frequently than the CDC to collective efficacy. Neither visually modeled behaviors nor leveraged scientific evidence or experts with great frequency. Implications for future research and official communication efforts via social media are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Mello
- Department of Communication Studies, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Elizabeth Glowacki
- Department of Communication Studies, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Isabella Fuentes
- Department of Public Health, Massachusetts, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jennifer Seabolt
- Department of Communication Studies, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Bhaktaram A, Ganjoo R, Jamison AM, Burleson J, Pascual-Ferra P, Alperstein N, Barnett DJ, Mohanty S, Orton PZ, Parida M, Kluegel E, Rath S, Rimal RN. Creation, dissemination, and evaluation of videos to promote COVID-19 vaccination in India: A research protocol. Gates Open Res 2022; 6:82. [PMID: 36415882 PMCID: PMC9652135 DOI: 10.12688/gatesopenres.13628.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Vaccine hesitancy is one of the greatest challenges to the success of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination campaigns. Videos promoting vaccines have a narrow scope focusing solely on facts, and less on the emotional and narrative elements of communication that can be equally persuasive. The role of humor, for example, has remained largely unexplored. Objective: This study investigates whether theory-based videos can change people's attitudes, beliefs, and intentions to receive the second COVID-19 vaccine. Our primary research question is: How do collectivistic and individualistic appeals, humor, and protagonist gender individually and jointly affect vaccination attitudes, beliefs, and intentions? Methods: This project tapped into the underutilized Indian film industry-the world's largest film producer-to promote vaccination messaging through short videos. Feedback from a community advisory board was utilized to inform the video scripts that were then shot by a production team. Eight videos were filmed and shared by adopting a 2 (appeal: individualistic or collectivistic) x 2 (tone: humor or non-humor) x 2 (protagonist gender: male or female) between-subjects design approach. Our sample includes Odia-speaking participants aged between 18 - 35 years old randomly assigned to watch one of the eight study videos. An online survey questionnaire, social media network analysis, and small group qualitative interviews will be utilized to explore how the entertainment-education videos can be used to reduce vaccine hesitancy. Discussion: Vaccine messages do not fall into a cultural or cognitive vacuum. People process and make sense of information based on their prior experience, properties of the message, and their social environment. Yet, these considerations have taken secondary importance in vaccine communications. This research shows that it is possible to deliver high-caliber videos created in accordance with the audience's cultural and cognitive background. Conclusions: This study will inform future health promotion messaging through brief videos on the internet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananya Bhaktaram
- Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, 21205, USA,
| | - Rohini Ganjoo
- Biomedical Laboratory Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, D.C, 20052, USA,
| | - Amelia M. Jamison
- Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, 21205, USA
| | - Julia Burleson
- Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, 21205, USA
| | - Paola Pascual-Ferra
- Department of Communication, Loyola University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, 21210, USA
| | - Neil Alperstein
- Department of Communication, Loyola University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, 21210, USA
| | - Daniel J. Barnett
- Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, 21205, USA,Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, 21205, USA
| | - Satyanarayan Mohanty
- D-Cor (Development Corner) Consulting Pvt. Ltd, Satya Nagar, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751008, India
| | | | - Manoj Parida
- D-Cor (Development Corner) Consulting Pvt. Ltd, Satya Nagar, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751008, India
| | - Eleanor Kluegel
- Department of Communication, Loyola University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, 21210, USA
| | - Sidharth Rath
- Swasthya Plus, Odisha, India, Chandrasekharpur, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751017, India
| | - Rajiv N. Rimal
- Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, 21205, USA
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Basch CH, Donelle L, Fera J, Jaime C. Deconstructing TikTok Videos on Mental Health: Cross-sectional, Descriptive Content Analysis. JMIR Form Res 2022; 6:e38340. [PMID: 35588057 PMCID: PMC9164092 DOI: 10.2196/38340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Social media platforms that are based on the creation of visual media, such as TikTok, are increasingly popular with adolescents. Online social media networks provide valuable opportunities to connect with each other to share experiences and strategies for health and wellness. Objective The aim of this study was to describe the content of the hashtag #mentalhealth on TikTok. Methods This cross-sectional, descriptive content analysis study included 100 videos with the hashtag #mentalhealth on TikTok. All videos that included the hashtag #mentalhealth were analyzed and coded for the presence of content categories. Additionally, the comments to each video were viewed and coded for content in the following themes: offering support or validation; mentioning experience with suicide or suicidal ideation; mentioning experience with self-harm; describing an experience with hospitalization for mental health issues; describing other mental health issues; and sharing coping strategies, experiences of healing, or ways to feel better. Results Collectively, the 100 videos studied received 1,354,100,000 views; 266,900,000 likes; and 2,515,954 comments. On average, each video received 13,406,930.69 (SD 8,728,095.52) views; 2,657,425.74 (SD 1,449,920.45) likes; and 24,910.44 (SD 21,035.06) comments. The only content category observed in most (51/100, 51%) of the videos included in the sample was “general mental health.” The remaining content categories appeared in less than 50% of the sample. In total, 32% (32/100) of the videos sampled received more than the overall average number of likes (ie, more that 2.67 million likes). Among these 32 videos, 23 (72%) included comments offering support or validation and 20 (62%) included comments that described other mental health issues or struggles. Conclusions With over 1 billion cumulative views, almost half of the assessed TikTok videos included in this study reported or expressed symptoms of mental distress. Future research should focus on the potential role of intervention by health care professionals on social media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corey H Basch
- Department of Public Health, William Paterson University, Wayne, NJ, United States
| | - Lorie Donelle
- Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Joseph Fera
- Department of Mathematics, Lehman College, City University of New York, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Christie Jaime
- Department of Public Health, William Paterson University, Wayne, NJ, United States
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Liang J, Wang L, Song S, Dong M, Xu Y, Zuo X, Zhang J, Adrian Sherif A, Ehsan J, Ma J, Li P. Takotsubo syndrome on TikTok: An analysis of information quality and audience engagement (Preprint). J Med Internet Res 2022; 24:e39360. [PMID: 36155486 PMCID: PMC9555329 DOI: 10.2196/39360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The incidence of Takotsubo syndrome (TTS), also known as the broken heart syndrome or stress cardiomyopathy, is increasing worldwide. The understanding of its prognosis has been progressively evolving and currently appears to be poorer than previously thought, which has attracted the attention of researchers. An attempt to recognize the awareness of this condition among the general population drove us to analyze the dissemination of this topic on TikTok, a popular short-video–based social media platform. We found a considerable number of videos on TTS on TikTok; however, the quality of the presented information remains unknown. Objective The aim of this study was to analyze the quality and audience engagement of TTS-related videos on TikTok. Methods Videos on the TikTok platform were explored on August 2, 2021 to identify those related to TTS by using 6 Chinese keywords. A total of 2549 videos were found, of which 80 met our inclusion criteria and were evaluated for their characteristics, content, quality, and reliability. The quality and reliability were rated using the DISCERN instrument and the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) criteria by 2 reviewers independently, and a score was assigned. Descriptive statistics were generated, and the Kruskal-Wallis test was used for statistical analysis. Multiple linear regression was performed to evaluate the association between audience engagement and other factors such as video content, video quality, and author types. Results The scores assigned to the selected video content were low with regard to the diagnosis (0.66/2) and management (0.34/2) of TTS. The evaluated videos were found to have an average score of 36.93 out of 80 on the DISCERN instrument and 1.51 out of 4 per the JAMA criteria. None of the evaluated videos met all the JAMA criteria. The quality of the relayed information varied by source (All P<.05). TTS-related videos made by health care professionals accounted for 28% (22/80) of all the evaluated videos and had the highest DISCERN scores with an average of 40.59 out of 80. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that author types that identified as health professionals (exponentiated regression coefficient 17.48, 95% CI 2.29-133.52; P=.006) and individual science communicators (exponentiated regression coefficient 13.38, 95% CI 1.83-97.88; P=.01) were significant and independent determinants of audience engagement (in terms of the number of likes). Other author types of videos, video content, and DISCERN document scores were not associated with higher likes. Conclusions We found that the quality of videos regarding TTS for patient education on TikTok is poor. Patients should be cautious about health-related information on TikTok. The formulation of a measure for video quality review is necessary, especially when the purpose of the published content is to educate and increase awareness on a health-related topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liang
- Xinxiang Medical University, Henan, China
| | | | - Shijie Song
- Business School, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
| | - Man Dong
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Henan, China
| | - Yidan Xu
- Xinxiang Medical University, Henan, China
| | - Xinyu Zuo
- Xinxiang Medical University, Henan, China
| | | | - Akil Adrian Sherif
- Divison of Cardiology, Saint Vincent Hospital, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Jafree Ehsan
- Department of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Jianjun Ma
- Xinxiang Medical University, Henan, China
| | - Pengyang Li
- Division of Cardiology, Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
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Basch CH, Basch CE, Hillyer GC, Meleo-Erwin ZC. Social Media, Public Health, and Community Mitigation of COVID-19: Challenges, Risks, and Benefits. J Med Internet Res 2022; 24:e36804. [PMID: 35380539 PMCID: PMC9007231 DOI: 10.2196/36804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Shortly after the first case reports in 2019, COVID-19 was declared a pandemic. Early messages from trusted experts, which later proved to be inadequate or incorrect, highlight the need for continual adjustment of messages to the public as scientific knowledge evolves. During this time, social media exploded with greatly sought-after information, some of which was misinformation based on incomplete or incorrect facts or disinformation purposefully spread to advance a specific agenda. Because of the nature of social media, information, whether accurate or not at the time posted, lives on and remains accessible to the public even when its usefulness has been discredited. While the impact of mis/disinformation on COVID-19 risk-reducing behaviors is debatable, it is clear that social media has played a significant role in both extending the reach of COVID-19-related falsehoods and promoting evidence-based content. Over the last decade, social media has become a dominant source of information that consumers turn to for health information. A great deal of misinformation and disinformation has reached large numbers of social media users, which points to a need for the agencies of the US Public Health Service to create communications to convey accurate and current information and appeals that will actually be viewed. This viewpoint highlights the challenges, risks, and potential benefits that social media present in mitigating the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corey H Basch
- Department of Public Health, William Paterson University, Wayne, NJ, United States
| | - Charles E Basch
- Department of Health and Behavior Studies, Teachers College, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Grace C Hillyer
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
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10
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Tang H, Kim S, Laforet PE, Tettey NS, Basch CH. A Content Analysis of YouTube Videos that Address Loss of Weight Gained During the COVID-19 Pandemic. JMIR Form Res 2021; 6:e35164. [PMID: 34978534 PMCID: PMC8830595 DOI: 10.2196/35164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Many people experienced unintended weight gain during the COVID-19 pandemic, which has been discussed widely on social media. Objective This study aims to describe the content of weight loss videos on YouTube (Google LLC) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods By using the keywords weight loss during quarantine, the 100 most viewed English-language videos were identified and coded for content related to losing weight gained during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results In total, 9 videos were excluded due to having non-English content or posting data before the COVID-19 pandemic. The 91 videos included in the study sample acquired 407,326 views at the time of study and were roughly 14 minutes long. A total of 48% (44/91) of the sample videos included graphic comparisons to illustrate weight change. Videos that included a graphic comparison were more likely to have content related to trigger warnings (χ21=6.05; P=.01), weight loss (χ21=13.39; P<.001), negative feelings during quarantine (χ21=4.75; P=.03), instructions for losing weight (χ21=9.17; P=.002), self-love (χ21=6.01; P=.01), body shaming (χ21=4.36; P=.04), and special dietary practices (χ21=11.10; P<.001) but were less likely to include food recipes (χ21=5.05; P=.03). Our regression analysis results suggested that mentioning quarantine (P=.05), fat-gaining food (P=.04), self-care and self-love (P=.05), and body shaming (P=.008) and having presenters from both sexes (P<.001) are significant predictors for a higher number of views. Our adjusted regression model suggested that videos with content about routine change have significantly lower view counts (P=.03) than those of videos without such content. Conclusions The findings of this study indicate the ways in which YouTube is being used to showcase COVID-19–related weight loss in a pre-post fashion. The use of graphic comparisons garnered a great deal of attention. Additional studies are needed to understand the role of graphic comparisons in social media posts. Further studies that focus on people’s attitudes and behaviors toward weight change during the COVID-19 pandemic and the implications of social media on these attitudes and behaviors are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Tang
- Teachers College, Columbia University, 525 W 120th St, New York, US
| | - Sungwoo Kim
- Teachers College, Columbia University, 525 W 120th St, New York, US
| | | | - Naa-Solo Tettey
- Department of Public Health, William Paterson University, Wayne, US
| | - Corey H Basch
- Department of Public Health, William Paterson University, Wayne, US
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