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Lucio-Gutiérrez JR, Cordero-Pérez P, Ávila-Velázquez JL, Torres-González L, Farías-Navarro IC, Govea-Torres G, Sánchez-Martínez C, García-Hernández PA, Coello-Bonilla J, Pérez-Trujillo M, Parella T, Waksman-Minsky NH, Saucedo AL. Targeted and untargeted serum NMR metabolomics to reveal initial kidney disease in diabetes mellitus. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 247:116240. [PMID: 38820837 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2024.116240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Serum 1H NMR metabolomics has been used as a diagnostic tool for screening type 2 diabetes (T2D) with chronic kidney disease (CKD) as comorbidity. This work aimed to evaluate 1H NMR data to detect the initial kidney damage and CKD in T2D subjects, through multivariate statistical analysis. Clinical data and biochemical parameters were obtained for classifying five experimental groups using KDIGO guidelines: Control (healthy subjects), T2D, T2D-CKD-mild, T2D-CKD-moderate, and T2D-CKD-severe. Serum 1H NMR spectra were recorded to follow two strategies: one based on metabolite-to-creatinine (Met/Cr) ratios as targeted metabolomics, and the second one based on untargeted metabolomics from the 1H NMR profile. A prospective biomarkers panel of the early stage of T2D-CKD based in metabolite-to-creatinine ratio (ornithine/Cr, serine/Cr, mannose/Cr, acetate/Cr, acetoacetate/Cr, formate/Cr, and glutamate/Cr) was proposed. Later, a statistical model based on non-targeted metabolomics was used to predict initial CKD, and its metabolic pathway analysis allowed identifying the most affected pathways: phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis; valine, leucine, and isoleucine degradation; glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism; glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism; and histidine metabolism. Nonetheless, further studies with a larger cohort are advised to precise ranges in metabolite-to-creatinine ratios and evaluate the prediction pertinency to detect initial CKD in T2D patients in both statistical models proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Ricardo Lucio-Gutiérrez
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Química Analítica, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Paula Cordero-Pérez
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Hospital Universitario "Dr. José Eleuterio González", Departamento de Medicina Interna - Unidad de Hígado, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - José Luis Ávila-Velázquez
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Hospital Universitario "Dr. José Eleuterio González", Departamento de Medicina Interna - Centro Regional de Enfermedades Renales, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Liliana Torres-González
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Hospital Universitario "Dr. José Eleuterio González", Departamento de Medicina Interna - Unidad de Hígado, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Iris C Farías-Navarro
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Hospital Universitario "Dr. José Eleuterio González", Departamento de Medicina Interna - Centro Regional de Enfermedades Renales, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Gustavo Govea-Torres
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Hospital Universitario "Dr. José Eleuterio González", Departamento de Medicina Interna - Unidad de Hígado, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Concepción Sánchez-Martínez
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Hospital Universitario "Dr. José Eleuterio González", Departamento de Medicina Interna - Centro Regional de Enfermedades Renales, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Pedro A García-Hernández
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Hospital Universitario "Dr. José Eleuterio González", Departamento de Medicina Interna - Endocrinología, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Jordi Coello-Bonilla
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Departament de Química, Química Analítica, Bellaterra, Barcelona 08192, Spain
| | - Míriam Pérez-Trujillo
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Servei de Ressonància Magnètica Nuclear, Facultat de Ciències i Biociències, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teodor Parella
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Servei de Ressonància Magnètica Nuclear, Facultat de Ciències i Biociències, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Noemí H Waksman-Minsky
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Química Analítica, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Alma L Saucedo
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Química Analítica, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico; Consejo Nacional de Humanidades, Ciencias y Tecnologías, CONAHCYT, Ciudad de México, Mexico; Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Laboratorio Nacional de Investigación y Servicio Agroalimentario y Forestal, Texcoco de Mora, Mexico.
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Crocco P, Dato S, La Grotta R, Passarino G, Rose G. Evidence for a relationship between genetic polymorphisms of the L-DOPA transporter LAT2/4F2hc and risk of hypertension in the context of chronic kidney disease. BMC Med Genomics 2024; 17:163. [PMID: 38890684 PMCID: PMC11186288 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-024-01935-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and hypertension are chronic diseases affecting a large portion of the population frequently coexistent and interdependent. The inability to produce/use adequate renal dopamine may contribute to the development of hypertension and renal dysfunction. The heterodimeric amino acid transporter LAT2/4F2hc (SLC7A8/SLC3A2 genes) promotes the uptake of L-DOPA, the natural precursor of dopamine. We examined the plausibility that SLC7A8/SLC3A2 gene polymorphisms may contribute to hypertensive CKD by affecting the L-DOPA uptake. METHODS 421 subjects (203 men and 218 women, mean age of 78.9 ± 9.6 years) were recruited and divided in four groups according to presence/absence of CKD, defined as reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR < 60 ml/min/m2) calculated using the creatinine-based Berlin Initiative Study-1 (BIS1) equation, and to presence/absence of hypertension (systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg). Subjects were analysed for selected SNPs spanning the SLC7A8 and SLC3A2 loci by Sequenom MassARRAY iPLEX platform. RESULTS The most significant SNP at the SLC3A2 (4F2hc) locus was rs2282477-T/C, with carriers of the C-allele having a lower chance to develop hypertension among CKD affected individuals [OR = 0.33 (CI 0.14-0.82); p = 0.016]. A similar association with hypertensive CKD was found for the SLC7A8 (LAT2) rs3783436-T/C, whose C-allele resulted associated with decreased risk of hypertension among subjects affected by CKD [OR = 0.56 (95% CI 0.35-0.90; p = 0.017]. The two variants were predicted to be potentially functional. CONCLUSIONS The association between SLC3A2 and SLC7A8 variants to hypertension development in patients with renal failure could be linked to changes in L-DOPA uptake and consequently dopamine synthesis. Although the associations do not survive correction for Bonferroni multiple testing, and additional research is needed, our study opens new avenues for future basic and translational research in the field of hypertensive CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolina Crocco
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036, Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Serena Dato
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036, Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Rossella La Grotta
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036, Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Giuseppe Passarino
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036, Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Giuseppina Rose
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036, Rende (CS), Italy.
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3
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An TF, Zhang ZP, Xue JT, Luo WM, Li Y, Fang ZZ, Zong GW. Interpretable machine learning identifies metabolites associated with glomerular filtration rate in type 2 diabetes patients. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1279034. [PMID: 38915893 PMCID: PMC11194401 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1279034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective The co-occurrence of kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a major public health challenge. Although early detection and intervention can prevent or slow down the progression, the commonly used estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) based on serum creatinine may be influenced by factors unrelated to kidney function. Therefore, there is a need to identify novel biomarkers that can more accurately assess renal function in T2D patients. In this study, we employed an interpretable machine-learning framework to identify plasma metabolomic features associated with GFR in T2D patients. Methods We retrieved 1626 patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Liaoning Medical University First Affiliated Hospital (LMUFAH) as a development cohort and 716 T2D patients in Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University (SAHDMU) as an external validation cohort. The metabolite features were screened by the orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). We compared machine learning prediction methods, including logistic regression (LR), support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), and eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost). The Shapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) were used to explain the optimal model. Results For T2D patients, compared with the normal or elevated eGFR group, glutarylcarnitine (C5DC) and decanoylcarnitine (C10) were significantly elevated in GFR mild reduction group, and citrulline and 9 acylcarnitines were also elevated significantly (FDR<0.05, FC > 1.2 and VIP > 1) in moderate or severe reduction group. The XGBoost model with metabolites had the best performance: in the internal validate dataset (AUROC=0.90, AUPRC=0.65, BS=0.064) and external validate cohort (AUROC=0.970, AUPRC=0.857, BS=0.046). Through the SHAP method, we found that C5DC higher than 0.1μmol/L, Cit higher than 26 μmol/L, triglyceride higher than 2 mmol/L, age greater than 65 years old, and duration of T2D more than 10 years were associated with reduced GFR. Conclusion Elevated plasma levels of citrulline and a panel of acylcarnitines were associated with reduced GFR in T2D patients, independent of other conventional risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Feng An
- Department of Toxicology and Health Inspection and Quarantine, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhi-Peng Zhang
- Department of Toxicology and Health Inspection and Quarantine, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jun-Tang Xue
- Department of Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wei-Ming Luo
- Department of Toxicology and Health Inspection and Quarantine, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Toxicology and Health Inspection and Quarantine, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhong-Ze Fang
- Department of Toxicology and Health Inspection and Quarantine, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China
| | - Guo-Wei Zong
- Department of Mathematics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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Yeo WJ, Surapaneni AL, Hasson DC, Schmidt IM, Sekula P, Köttgen A, Eckardt KU, Rebholz CM, Yu B, Waikar SS, Rhee EP, Schrauben SJ, Feldman HI, Vasan RS, Kimmel PL, Coresh J, Grams ME, Schlosser P. Serum and Urine Metabolites and Kidney Function. J Am Soc Nephrol 2024:00001751-990000000-00343. [PMID: 38844075 DOI: 10.1681/asn.0000000000000403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Key Points
We provide an atlas of cross-sectional and longitudinal serum and urine metabolite associations with eGFR and urine albumin-creatinine ratio in an older community-based cohort.Metabolic profiling in serum and urine provides distinct and complementary insights into disease.
Background
Metabolites represent a read-out of cellular processes underlying states of health and disease.
Methods
We evaluated cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between 1255 serum and 1398 urine known and unknown (denoted with “X” in name) metabolites (Metabolon HD4, 721 detected in both biofluids) and kidney function in 1612 participants of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study. All analyses were adjusted for clinical and demographic covariates, including for baseline eGFR and urine albumin-creatinine ratio (UACR) in longitudinal analyses.
Results
At visit 5 of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study, the mean age of participants was 76 years (SD 6); 56% were women, mean eGFR was 62 ml/min per 1.73 m2 (SD 20), and median UACR level was 13 mg/g (interquartile range, 25). In cross-sectional analysis, 675 serum and 542 urine metabolites were associated with eGFR (Bonferroni-corrected P < 4.0E-5 for serum analyses and P < 3.6E-5 for urine analyses), including 248 metabolites shared across biofluids. Fewer metabolites (75 serum and 91 urine metabolites, including seven metabolites shared across biofluids) were cross-sectionally associated with albuminuria. Guanidinosuccinate; N2,N2-dimethylguanosine; hydroxy-N6,N6,N6-trimethyllysine; X-13844; and X-25422 were significantly associated with both eGFR and albuminuria. Over a mean follow-up of 6.6 years, serum mannose (hazard ratio [HR], 2.3 [1.6–3.2], P = 2.7E-5) and urine X-12117 (HR, 1.7 [1.3–2.2], P = 1.9E-5) were risk factors of UACR doubling, whereas urine sebacate (HR, 0.86 [0.80–0.92], P = 1.9E-5) was inversely associated. Compared with clinical characteristics alone, including the top five endogenous metabolites in serum and urine associated with longitudinal outcomes improved the outcome prediction (area under the receiver operating characteristic curves for eGFR decline: clinical model=0.79, clinical+metabolites model=0.87, P = 8.1E-6; for UACR doubling: clinical model=0.66, clinical+metabolites model=0.73, P = 2.9E-5).
Conclusions
Metabolomic profiling in different biofluids provided distinct and potentially complementary insights into the biology and prognosis of kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Jin Yeo
- Division of Precision Medicine, Department of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York
| | - Aditya L Surapaneni
- Division of Precision Medicine, Department of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York
| | - Denise C Hasson
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Hassenfeld Children's Hospital, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York
| | - Insa M Schmidt
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center and Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Peggy Sekula
- Department of Data Driven Medicine, Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Anna Köttgen
- Department of Data Driven Medicine, Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Kai-Uwe Eckardt
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Casey M Rebholz
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Bing Yu
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Sushrut S Waikar
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center and Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Eugene P Rhee
- Nephrology Division and Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sarah J Schrauben
- Renal-Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Harold I Feldman
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ramachandran S Vasan
- School of Public Health, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
- Section of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center and Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Paul L Kimmel
- Division of Kidney, Urologic, and Hematologic Diseases, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Josef Coresh
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
- Optimal Aging Institute, Departments of Population Health and Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York
- Department of Population Health, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Morgan E Grams
- Division of Precision Medicine, Department of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York
- Department of Population Health, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Pascal Schlosser
- Department of Data Driven Medicine, Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
- Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies (CIBSS), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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Nusinovici S, Li H, Chong C, Yu M, Sørensen IMH, Bisgaard LS, Christoffersen C, Bro S, Liu S, Liu JJ, Chi LS, Wong TY, Tan GSW, Cheng CY, Sabanayagam C. Blood biomarkers improve the prediction of prevalent and incident severe chronic kidney disease. J Nephrol 2024; 37:1007-1016. [PMID: 38308753 DOI: 10.1007/s40620-023-01872-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is high. Identification of cases with CKD or at high risk of developing it is important to tailor early interventions. The objective of this study was to identify blood metabolites associated with prevalent and incident severe CKD, and to quantify the corresponding improvement in CKD detection and prediction. METHODS Data from four cohorts were analyzed: Singapore Epidemiology of Eye Diseases (SEED) (n = 8802), Copenhagen Chronic Kidney Disease (CPH) (n = 916), Singapore Diabetic Nephropathy (n = 714), and UK Biobank (UKBB) (n = 103,051). Prevalent CKD (stages 3-5) was defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2; incident severe CKD as CKD-related mortality or kidney failure occurring within 10 years. We used multivariable regressions to identify, among 146 blood metabolites, those associated with CKD, and quantify the corresponding increase in performance. RESULTS Chronic kidney disease prevalence (stages 3-5) and severe incidence were 11.4% and 2.2% in SEED, and 2.3% and 0.2% in UKBB. Firstly, phenylalanine (Odds Ratio [OR] 1-SD increase = 1.83 [1.73, 1.93]), tyrosine (OR = 0.75 [0.71, 0.79]), docosahexaenoic acid (OR = 0.90 [0.85, 0.95]), citrate (OR = 1.41 [1.34, 1.47]) and triglycerides in medium high density lipoprotein (OR = 1.07 [1.02, 1.13]) were associated with prevalent stages 3-5 CKD. Mendelian randomization analyses suggested causal relationships. Adding these metabolites beyond traditional risk factors increased the area under the curve (AUC) by 3% and the sensitivity by 7%. Secondly, lactate (HR = 1.33 [1.08, 1.64]) and tyrosine (HR = 0.74 [0.58, 0.95]) were associated with incident severe CKD among individuals with eGFR < 90 mL/min/1.73 m2 at baseline. These metabolites increased the c-index by 2% and sensitivity by 5% when added to traditional risk factors. CONCLUSION The performance improvements of CKD detection and prediction achieved by adding metabolites to traditional risk factors are modest and further research is necessary to fully understand the clinical implications of these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Nusinovici
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, 20 College Road, The Academia, Level 6, Singapore, 169856, Singapore.
- Eye-ACP, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Hengtong Li
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, 20 College Road, The Academia, Level 6, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
| | - Crystal Chong
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, 20 College Road, The Academia, Level 6, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
| | - Marco Yu
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, 20 College Road, The Academia, Level 6, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
- Eye-ACP, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Line Stattau Bisgaard
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christina Christoffersen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Susanne Bro
- Department of Nephrology, Rigshospitalet University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sylvia Liu
- Clinical Research Unit, Diabetes Centre, Department of Medicine, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jian-Jun Liu
- Clinical Research Unit, Diabetes Centre, Department of Medicine, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lim Su Chi
- Clinical Research Unit, Diabetes Centre, Department of Medicine, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Heath, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tien-Yin Wong
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, 20 College Road, The Academia, Level 6, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
- Eye-ACP, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gavin S W Tan
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, 20 College Road, The Academia, Level 6, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ching-Yu Cheng
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, 20 College Road, The Academia, Level 6, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
- Eye-ACP, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Charumathi Sabanayagam
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, 20 College Road, The Academia, Level 6, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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Chen Z, Wu S, Huang L, Li J, Li X, Zeng Y, Chen Z, Chen M. Colonic microflora and plasma metabolite-based comparative analysis of unilateral ureteral obstruction-induced chronic kidney disease after treatment with the Chinese medicine FuZhengHuaYuJiangZhuTongLuo and AST-120. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24987. [PMID: 38333870 PMCID: PMC10850519 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Many researchers have investigated the use of Chinese herbs to delay the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) through their effects on colonic microflora and microbiota-derived metabolites. However, whether FuZhengHuaYuJiangZhuTongLuo (FZHY) has effects that are similar to those of AST-120 on CKD needs to be elucidated. Methods In this study, we compared the effects of FZHY and AST-120 on the colonic microbiota and plasma metabolites in the CKD rat model. We developed a unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO)-induced CKD rat model and then administered FZHY and AST-120 to these model rats. Non-targeted metabolomic LC-MS analysis, 16S rRNA sequencing, and histopathological staining were performed on plasma, stool, and kidney tissues, respectively, and the joint correlation between biomarkers and metabolites of candidate bacteria was analyzed. Results Our results showed that administering FZHY and AST-120 effectively ameliorated UUO-induced abnormal renal function and renal fibrosis and regulated the composition of microbiota and metabolites. Compared to the UUO model group, the p_Firmicutes and o_Peptostreptococcales_Tissierellales were increased, while 14 negative ion metabolites were upregulated and 21 were downregulated after FZHY treatment. Additionally, 40 positive ion metabolites were upregulated and 63 were downregulated. On the other hand, AST-120 treatment resulted in an increase in the levels of g_Prevotellaceae_NK3B31_group and f_Prevotellaceae, as well as 12 upregulated and 23 downregulated negative ion metabolites and 56 upregulated and 63 downregulated positive ion metabolites. Besides, FZHY increased the levels of candidate bacterial biomarkers that were found to be negatively correlated with some poisonous metabolites, such as 4-hydroxyretinoic acid, and positively correlated with beneficial metabolites, such as l-arginine. AST-120 increased the levels of candidate bacterial biomarkers that were negatively correlated with some toxic metabolites, such as glycoursodeoxycholic acid, 4-ethylphenol, and indole-3-acetic acid. Conclusion FZHY and AST-120 effectively reduced kidney damage, in which, the recovery of some dysregulated bacteria and metabolites are probably involved. As their mechanisms of regulation were different, FZHY might play a complementary role to AST-120 in treating CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Chen
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Shaobo Wu
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Li Huang
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Xueying Li
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Yu Zeng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Zejun Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Chengdu First People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
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7
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Moritz L, Schumann A, Pohl M, Köttgen A, Hannibal L, Spiekerkoetter U. A systematic review of metabolomic findings in adult and pediatric renal disease. Clin Biochem 2024; 123:110703. [PMID: 38097032 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2023.110703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects over 0.5 billion people worldwide across their lifetimes. Despite a growingly ageing world population, an increase in all-age prevalence of kidney disease persists. Adult-onset forms of kidney disease often result from lifestyle-modifiable metabolic illnesses such as type 2 diabetes. Pediatric and adolescent forms of renal disease are primarily caused by morphological abnormalities of the kidney, as well as immunological, infectious and inherited metabolic disorders. Alterations in energy metabolism are observed in CKD of varying causes, albeit the molecular mechanisms underlying pathology are unclear. A systematic indexing of metabolites identified in plasma and urine of patients with kidney disease alongside disease enrichment analysis uncovered inborn errors of metabolism as a framework that links features of adult and pediatric kidney disease. The relationship of genetics and metabolism in kidney disease could be classified into three distinct landscapes: (i) Normal genotypes that develop renal damage because of lifestyle and / or comorbidities; (ii) Heterozygous genetic variants and polymorphisms that result in unique metabotypes that may predispose to the development of kidney disease via synergistic heterozygosity, and (iii) Homozygous genetic variants that cause renal impairment by perturbing metabolism, as found in children with monogenic inborn errors of metabolism. Interest in the identification of early biomarkers of onset and progression of CKD has grown steadily in the last years, though it has not translated into clinical routine yet. This systematic review indexes findings of differential concentration of metabolites and energy pathway dysregulation in kidney disease and appraises their potential use as biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lennart Moritz
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry and Metabolism, Department of General Pediatrics, Adolescent Medicine and Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; Department of General Pediatrics, Adolescent Medicine and Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Anke Schumann
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry and Metabolism, Department of General Pediatrics, Adolescent Medicine and Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; Department of General Pediatrics, Adolescent Medicine and Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Martin Pohl
- Department of General Pediatrics, Adolescent Medicine and Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Anna Köttgen
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Luciana Hannibal
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry and Metabolism, Department of General Pediatrics, Adolescent Medicine and Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Ute Spiekerkoetter
- Department of General Pediatrics, Adolescent Medicine and Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany.
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8
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Ratautė K, Ratautas D. A Review from a Clinical Perspective: Recent Advances in Biosensors for the Detection of L-Amino Acids. BIOSENSORS 2023; 14:5. [PMID: 38248382 PMCID: PMC10813600 DOI: 10.3390/bios14010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
The field of biosensors is filled with reports and designs of various sensors, with the vast majority focusing on glucose sensing. However, in addition to glucose, there are many other important analytes that are worth investigating as well. In particular, L-amino acids appear as important diagnostic markers for a number of conditions. However, the progress in L-amino acid detection and the development of biosensors for L-amino acids are still somewhat insufficient. In recent years, the need to determine L-amino acids from clinical samples has risen. More clinical data appear to demonstrate that abnormal concentrations of L-amino acids are related to various clinical conditions such as inherited metabolic disorders, dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes, muscle damage, etc. However, to this day, the diagnostic potential of L-amino acids is not yet fully established. Most likely, this is because of the difficulties in measuring L-amino acids, especially in human blood. In this review article, we extensively investigate the 'overlooked' L-amino acids. We review typical levels of amino acids present in human blood and broadly survey the importance of L-amino acids in most common conditions which can be monitored or diagnosed from changes in L-amino acids present in human blood. We also provide an overview of recent biosensors for L-amino acid monitoring and their advantages and disadvantages, with some other alternative methods for L-amino acid quantification, and finally we outline future perspectives related to the development of biosensing devices for L-amino acid monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Ratautė
- Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, M. K. Čiurlionio Str. 21, LT-03101 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Dalius Ratautas
- Life Science Center, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio al. 7, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
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9
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Roointan A, Ghaeidamini M, Shafieizadegan S, Hudkins KL, Gholaminejad A. Metabolome panels as potential noninvasive biomarkers for primary glomerulonephritis sub-types: meta-analysis of profiling metabolomics studies. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20325. [PMID: 37990116 PMCID: PMC10663527 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47800-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary glomerulonephritis diseases (PGDs) are known as the top causes of chronic kidney disease worldwide. Renal biopsy, an invasive method, is the main approach to diagnose PGDs. Studying the metabolome profiles of kidney diseases is an inclusive approach to identify the disease's underlying pathways and discover novel non-invasive biomarkers. So far, different experiments have explored the metabolome profiles in different PGDs, but the inconsistencies might hinder their clinical translations. The main goal of this meta-analysis study was to achieve consensus panels of dysregulated metabolites in PGD sub-types. The PGDs-related metabolome profiles from urine samples in humans were selected in a comprehensive search. Amanida package in R software was utilized for performing the meta-analysis. Through sub-type analyses, the consensus list of metabolites in each category was obtained. To identify the most affected pathways, functional enrichment analysis was performed. Also, a gene-metabolite network was constructed to identify the key metabolites and their connected proteins. After a vigorous search, among the 11 selected studies (15 metabolite profiles), 270 dysregulated metabolites were recognized in urine of 1154 PGDs and control samples. Through sub-type analyses by Amanida package, the consensus list of metabolites in each category was obtained. Top dysregulated metabolites (vote score of ≥ 4 or ≤ - 4) in PGDs urines were selected as main panel of meta-metabolites including glucose, leucine, choline, betaine, dimethylamine, fumaric acid, citric acid, 3-hydroxyisovaleric acid, pyruvic acid, isobutyric acid, and hippuric acid. The enrichment analyses results revealed the involvement of different biological pathways such as the TCA cycle and amino acid metabolisms in the pathogenesis of PGDs. The constructed metabolite-gene interaction network revealed the high centralities of several metabolites, including pyruvic acid, leucine, and choline. The identified metabolite panels could shed a light on the underlying pathological pathways and be considered as non-invasive biomarkers for the diagnosis of PGD sub-types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Roointan
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Hezar Jarib St., Isfahan, 81746-73461, Iran
| | - Maryam Ghaeidamini
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Hezar Jarib St., Isfahan, 81746-73461, Iran
| | - Saba Shafieizadegan
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Hezar Jarib St., Isfahan, 81746-73461, Iran
| | - Kelly L Hudkins
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, School of Medicine, Seattle, USA
| | - Alieh Gholaminejad
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Hezar Jarib St., Isfahan, 81746-73461, Iran.
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10
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Pallerla P, Ragi N, Gari ARBR, Bhumireddy SR, Addipilli R, Rodda R, Yadla M, Sripadi P. Evaluation of amino acids and other related metabolites levels in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients on hemodialysis by LC/MS/MS and GC/MS. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023; 415:6491-6509. [PMID: 37752301 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-04926-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is a rapidly increasing health problem, and every year, about 2 million ESRD cases are reported worldwide. Hemodialysis (HD) is the vital renal reinstatement therapy for ESRD, and HD patterns play a crucial role in patients' health. Plasma metabolomics is the potential approach to understanding the HD process, effectiveness, and patterns. The lack of protein vitality is a primary problem for HD patients, and the quantities of amino acids intracellularly and in the blood are considered to be a symbolic index of protein metabolism and nutrition conditions. In the current study, LC/MS/MS and GC/MS methods were developed for 29 targeted plasma metabolites and validated as per ICH bioanalytical method validation M10 guidelines. The 29 metabolites included 20 proteinogenic amino acids and nine other related metabolites. The methods were employed to measure the absolute quantities (µM) of the targeted metabolites in HD patients (n=60) before and after dialysis (PRE-HD and POST-HD), and compared with the healthy control (HC) group (n=60). Phenylacetylglutamine was found to be higher in both PRE-HD (72.88±14.5 µM) and POST-HD (26.62±7.9 µM), when compared to HC (1.61±0.6 µM). On the other hand, glutamic acid was lower in PRE-HD (14.90±6.5 µM), and POST-HD (13.6±6.1 µM) than that of HC (245.4±37.8 µM). The dialytic loss was found to be 52-45% for arginine, lysine, and histidine, while it was 38-26% for glycine, cysteine, proline, alanine, threonine, glutamine, valine, and methionine. The dialytic loss was low (≤12%) for aspartic acid, glutamic acid, asparagine, leucine, tyrosine, tryptophan, and isoleucine. Graphical abstract adapted from mass spectrometry templates by Biorender.com retrieved from https://app.biorender.com/biorender-templates .
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavankumar Pallerla
- Centre for Mass Spectrometry, Department of Analytical & Structural Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Nagarjunachary Ragi
- Centre for Mass Spectrometry, Department of Analytical & Structural Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | | | - Sudarshana Reddy Bhumireddy
- Centre for Mass Spectrometry, Department of Analytical & Structural Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Ramunaidu Addipilli
- Centre for Mass Spectrometry, Department of Analytical & Structural Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Ramesh Rodda
- Centre for Mass Spectrometry, Department of Analytical & Structural Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Manjusha Yadla
- Department of Nephrology, Gandhi Medical College, Gandhi Hospitals, Hyderabad, 500025, Telangana, India.
| | - Prabhakar Sripadi
- Centre for Mass Spectrometry, Department of Analytical & Structural Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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11
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He A, Li J, Li Z, Lu Y, Liang Y, Zhou Z, Man Z, Lv J, Wang Y, Jiang G. Novel Insights into the Adverse Health Effects of per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances on the Kidney via Human Urine Metabolomics. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:16244-16254. [PMID: 37851943 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c06480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) receive significant research attention due to their potential adverse effects on human health. Evidence shows that the kidney is one of the target organs of PFAS. In occupational exposure scenarios, high PFAS concentrations may adversely affect kidney metabolism, but whether this effect is reflected in the small metabolic molecules contained in urine remains unknown. In this study, 72 matched serum and urine samples from occupational workers of a fluorochemical manufactory as well as 153 urine samples from local residents were collected, and 23 PFAS levels were quantified. The concentrations of Σ23PFAS in the serum and urine samples of workers were 5.43 ± 1.02 μg/mL and 201 ± 46.9 ng/mL, respectively, while the Σ23PFAS concentration in the urine of the residents was 6.18 ± 0.76 ng/mL. For workers, high levels of urinary PFAS were strongly correlated with levels in serum (r = 0.57-0.93), indicating that urinary PFAS can be a good indicator for serum PFAS levels. Further, a urine nontargeted metabolomics study was conducted. The results of association models, including Bayesian kernel machine regression, demonstrated positive correlations between urinary PFAS levels and key small kidney molecules. A total of eight potential biomarkers associated with PFAS exposure were identified, and all of them showed significant positive correlations with markers of kidney function. These findings provide the first evidence that urine can serve as a matrix to indicate the adverse health effects of high levels of exposure to PFAS on the kidneys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anen He
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Juan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Zhao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Yao Lu
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Yong Liang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, School of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Zhen Zhou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, School of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Zhuo Man
- SCIEX China, Beijing 100015, China
| | - Jitao Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Yawei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, School of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Guibin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
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12
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Downie ML, Desjarlais A, Verdin N, Woodlock T, Collister D. Precision Medicine in Diabetic Kidney Disease: A Narrative Review Framed by Lived Experience. Can J Kidney Health Dis 2023; 10:20543581231209012. [PMID: 37920777 PMCID: PMC10619345 DOI: 10.1177/20543581231209012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose of review Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a leading cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) for which many treatments exist that have been shown to prevent CKD progression and kidney failure. However, DKD is a complex and heterogeneous etiology of CKD with a spectrum of phenotypes and disease trajectories. In this narrative review, we discuss precision medicine approaches to DKD, including genomics, metabolomics, proteomics, and their potential role in the management of diabetes mellitus and DKD. A patient and caregivers of patients with lived experience with CKD were involved in this review. Sources of information Original research articles were identified from MEDLINE and Google Scholar using the search terms "diabetes," "diabetic kidney disease," "diabetic nephropathy," "chronic kidney disease," "kidney failure," "dialysis," "nephrology," "genomics," "metabolomics," and "proteomics." Methods A focused review and critical appraisal of existing literature regarding the precision medicine approaches to the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of diabetes and DKD framed by a patient partner's/caregiver's lived experience. Key findings Distinguishing diabetic nephropathy from CKD due to other types of DKD and non-DKD is challenging and typically requires a kidney biopsy for a diagnosis. Biomarkers have been identified to assist with the prediction of the onset and progression of DKD, but they have yet to be incorporated and evaluated relative to clinical standard of care CKD and kidney failure risk prediction tools. Genomics has identified multiple causal genetic variants for neonatal diabetes mellitus and monogenic diabetes of the young that can be used for diagnostic purposes and to specify antiglycemic therapy. Genome-wide-associated studies have identified genes implicated in DKD pathophysiology in the setting of type 1 and 2 diabetes but their translational benefits are lagging beyond polygenetic risk scores. Metabolomics and proteomics have been shown to improve diagnostic accuracy in DKD, have been used to identify novel pathways involved in DKD pathogenesis, and can be used to improve the prediction of CKD progression and kidney failure as well as predict response to DKD therapy. Limitations There are a limited number of large, high-quality prospective observational studies and no randomized controlled trials that support the use of precision medicine based approaches to improve clinical outcomes in adults with or at risk of diabetes and DKD. It is unclear which patients may benefit from the clinical use of genomics, metabolomics and proteomics along the spectrum of DKD trajectory. Implications Additional research is needed to evaluate the role of the use of precision medicine for DKD management, including diagnosis, differentiation of diabetic nephropathy from other etiologies of DKD and CKD, short-term and long-term risk prognostication kidney outcomes, and the prediction of response to and safety of disease-modifying therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mallory L. Downie
- McGill University Health Center Research Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Arlene Desjarlais
- Kidney Research Scientist Core Education and National Training Program, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Nancy Verdin
- Kidney Research Scientist Core Education and National Training Program, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Tania Woodlock
- Kidney Research Scientist Core Education and National Training Program, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - David Collister
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
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13
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Gervasini G, Verde Z, González LM, Chicharro C, González-Rodríguez L, Fernández-Araque A, Mota-Zamorano S, Cancho B, Pérez-Hernández A, García-López V, Bandrés F, Robles NR. Prognostic Significance of Amino Acid and Biogenic Amines Profiling in Chronic Kidney Disease. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2775. [PMID: 37893147 PMCID: PMC10604890 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11102775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a pressing need for more precise biomarkers of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Plasma samples from 820 subjects [231 with CKD, 325 with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) and 264 controls] were analyzed by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to determine a metabolic profile of 28 amino acids (AAs) and biogenic amines to test their value as markers of CKD risk and progression. The kynurenine/tryptophan ratio showed the strongest correlation with estimated glomerular filtration rate values (coefficient = -0.731, p < 0.0001). Models created with orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) containing the metabolic signature showed a high goodness of fit and predictability for controls/CKD (R2X:0.73:R2Y:0.92:Q2:0.92, p < 0.0001) and lower values for CKD/ESKD (R2X:0.56:R2Y:0.59:Q2:0.55, p < 0.0001). Based on generated VIP scores, the most relevant markers for segregating samples into control/CKD and CKD/ESKD groups were citrulline (1.63) and tryptophan (1.47), respectively. ROC analysis showed that the addition of the metabolic profile to a model including CKD classic risk factors improved the AUC from 86.7% (83.6-89.9) to 100% (100-100) for CKD risk (p < 0.0001) and from 63.0% (58.2-67.8) to 96.5% (95.3-97.8) for the risk of progression from CKD to ESKD (p < 0.0001). Plasma concentrations of AAs and related amines may be useful as diagnostic biomarkers of kidney disease, both for CKD risk and for progression of CKD patients to ESKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Gervasini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Therapeutics, Medical School, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain; (L.M.G.); (L.G.-R.); (S.M.-Z.); (V.G.-L.)
- Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
- RICORS2040 Renal Research Network, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Zoraida Verde
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Physiology, Universidad de Valladolid, 42005 Soria, Spain;
- GIR—Pharmacogenetics, Cancer Genetics, Genetic Polymorphisms and Pharmacoepidemiology, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain;
- Research Group Centro de Estudios Gregorio Marañón, Fundación Ortega-Marañón, 28010 Madrid, Spain; (C.C.); (F.B.)
| | - Luz M. González
- Department of Medical and Surgical Therapeutics, Medical School, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain; (L.M.G.); (L.G.-R.); (S.M.-Z.); (V.G.-L.)
| | - Celia Chicharro
- Research Group Centro de Estudios Gregorio Marañón, Fundación Ortega-Marañón, 28010 Madrid, Spain; (C.C.); (F.B.)
- Biopathology-Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Legal Medicine, Psychiatry and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University Complutense of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura González-Rodríguez
- Department of Medical and Surgical Therapeutics, Medical School, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain; (L.M.G.); (L.G.-R.); (S.M.-Z.); (V.G.-L.)
- RICORS2040 Renal Research Network, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Ana Fernández-Araque
- GIR—Pharmacogenetics, Cancer Genetics, Genetic Polymorphisms and Pharmacoepidemiology, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain;
- Department of Nursery, University of Valladolid, 42005 Soria, Spain
| | - Sonia Mota-Zamorano
- Department of Medical and Surgical Therapeutics, Medical School, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain; (L.M.G.); (L.G.-R.); (S.M.-Z.); (V.G.-L.)
| | - Bárbara Cancho
- Service of Nephrology, Badajoz University Hospital, 06006 Badajoz, Spain;
| | | | - Virginio García-López
- Department of Medical and Surgical Therapeutics, Medical School, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain; (L.M.G.); (L.G.-R.); (S.M.-Z.); (V.G.-L.)
| | - Fernando Bandrés
- Research Group Centro de Estudios Gregorio Marañón, Fundación Ortega-Marañón, 28010 Madrid, Spain; (C.C.); (F.B.)
- Biopathology-Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Legal Medicine, Psychiatry and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University Complutense of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Nicolás R. Robles
- RICORS2040 Renal Research Network, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Service of Nephrology, Badajoz University Hospital, 06006 Badajoz, Spain;
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Shi C, Wan Y, He A, Wu X, Shen X, Zhu X, Yang J, Zhou Y. Urinary metabolites associate with the presence of diabetic kidney disease in type 2 diabetes and mediate the effect of inflammation on kidney complication. Acta Diabetol 2023; 60:1199-1207. [PMID: 37184672 PMCID: PMC10359369 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-023-02094-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the one of the leading causes of end-stage kidney disease. Unraveling novel biomarker signatures capable to identify patients with DKD is favorable for tackle the burden. Here, we investigated the possible association between urinary metabolites and the presence of DKD in type 2 diabetes (T2D), and further, whether the associated metabolites improve discrimination of DKD and mediate the effect of inflammation on kidney involvement was evaluated. METHODS Two independent cohorts comprising 192 individuals (92 DKD) were analyzed. Urinary metabolites were analyzed by targeted metabolome profiling and inflammatory cytokine IL-18 were measured by ELISA. Differentially expressed metabolites were selected and mediation analysis was carried out. RESULTS Seven potential metabolite biomarkers (i.e., S-Adenosyl-L-homocysteine, propionic acid, oxoadipic acid, leucine, isovaleric acid, isobutyric acid, and indole-3-carboxylic acid) were identified using the discovery and validation design. In the pooled analysis, propionic acid, oxoadipic acid, leucine, isovaleric acid, isobutyric acid, and indole-3-carboxylic acid were markedly and independently associated with DKD. The composite index of 7 potential metabolite biomarkers (CMI) mediated 32.99% of the significant association between the inflammatory IL-18 and DKD. Adding the metabolite biomarkers improved the discrimination of DKD. CONCLUSIONS In T2D, several associated urinary metabolites were identified to improve the prediction of DKD. Whether interventions aimed at reducing CMI also reduce the risk of DKD especially in patients with high IL-18 needs further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caifeng Shi
- Center for Kidney Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 262 N Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210003, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yemeng Wan
- Center for Kidney Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 262 N Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210003, Jiangsu, China
| | - Aiqin He
- Center for Kidney Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 262 N Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210003, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaomei Wu
- Center for Kidney Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 262 N Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210003, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinjia Shen
- Center for Kidney Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 262 N Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210003, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xueting Zhu
- Center for Kidney Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 262 N Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210003, Jiangsu, China
| | - Junwei Yang
- Center for Kidney Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 262 N Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210003, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yang Zhou
- Center for Kidney Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 262 N Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210003, Jiangsu, China.
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15
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Jeon YH, Lee S, Kim DW, Kim S, Bae SS, Han M, Seong EY, Song SH. Serum and urine metabolomic biomarkers for predicting prognosis in patients with immunoglobulin A nephropathy. Kidney Res Clin Pract 2023; 42:591-605. [PMID: 37448290 PMCID: PMC10565460 DOI: 10.23876/j.krcp.22.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) is the most prevalent form of glomerulonephritis worldwide. Prediction of disease progression in IgAN can help to provide individualized treatment based on accurate risk stratification. METHODS We performed proton nuclear magnetic resonance-based metabolomics analyses of serum and urine samples from healthy controls, non-progressor (NP), and progressor (P) groups to identify metabolic profiles of IgAN disease progression. Metabolites that were significantly different between the NP and P groups were selected for pathway analysis. Subsequently, we analyzed multivariate area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves to evaluate the predictive power of metabolites associated with IgAN progression. RESULTS We observed several distinct metabolic fingerprints of the P group involving the following metabolic pathways: glycolipid metabolism; valine, leucine, and isoleucine biosynthesis; aminoacyl-transfer RNA biosynthesis; glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism; and glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism. In multivariate ROC analyses, the combinations of serum glycerol, threonine, and proteinuria (area under the curve [AUC], 0.923; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.667-1.000) and of urinary leucine, valine, and proteinuria (AUC, 0.912; 95% CI, 0.667-1.000) showed the highest discriminatory ability to predict IgAN disease progression. CONCLUSION This study identified serum and urine metabolites profiles that can aid in the identification of progressive IgAN and proposed perturbed metabolic pathways associated with the identified metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Hyun Jeon
- Department of Internal Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sujin Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Da Woon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Suhkmann Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Sik Bae
- Department of Pharmacology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Miyeun Han
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Young Seong
- Department of Internal Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Heon Song
- Department of Internal Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
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16
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Mikuteit M, Baskal S, Klawitter S, Dopfer-Jablonka A, Behrens GMN, Müller F, Schröder D, Klawonn F, Steffens S, Tsikas D. Amino acids, post-translational modifications, nitric oxide, and oxidative stress in serum and urine of long COVID and ex COVID human subjects. Amino Acids 2023; 55:1173-1188. [PMID: 37516715 PMCID: PMC10564820 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-023-03305-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the status of amino acids, their post-translational modifications (PTM), major nitric oxide (NO) metabolites and of malondialdehyde (MDA) as a biomarker of oxidative stress in serum and urine samples of long COVID (LoCo, n = 124) and ex COVID (ExCo, n = 24) human subjects collected in 2022. Amino acids and metabolites were measured by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) methods using stable-isotope labelled analogs as internal standards. There were no differences with respect to circulating and excretory arginine and asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA). LoCo participants excreted higher amounts of guanidino acetate than ExCo participants (17.8 ± 10.4 µM/mM vs. 12.6 ± 8.86 µM/mM, P = 0.005). By contrast, LoCo participants excreted lower amounts of the advanced glycation end-product (AGE) NG-carboxyethylarginine (CEA) than ExCo participants did (0.675 ± 0.781 µM/mM vs. 1.16 ± 2.04 µM/mM, P = 0.0326). The serum concentrations of MDA did not differ between the groups, indicating no elevated oxidative stress in LoCo or ExCo. The serum concentration of nitrite was lower in LoCo compared to ExCo (1.96 ± 0.92 µM vs. 2.56 ± 1.08 µM; AUC, 0.718), suggesting altered NO synthesis in the endothelium. The serum concentration of nitrite correlated inversely with the symptom anxiety (r = - 0.293, P = 0.0003). The creatinine-corrected urinary excretion of Lys and its metabolite L-5-hydroxy-Lys correlated positively with COVID toes (r = 0.306, P = 0.00027) and sore throat (r = 0.302, P = 0.0003). Our results suggest that amino acid metabolism, PTM and oxidative stress are not severely affected in long COVID. LoCo participants may have a lower circulating NO reservoir than ExCo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Mikuteit
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Hannover Medical School, Dean’s Office–Curriculum Development, Hannover, Germany
| | - Svetlana Baskal
- Hannover Medical School, Institute of Toxicology, Core Unit Proteomics, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Sandra Klawitter
- Institute for Information Engineering, Ostfalia University of Applied Sciences, Wolfenbüttel, Germany
| | | | - Georg M. N. Behrens
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, Hannover, Germany
- Centre for Individualized Infection Medicine (CiiM), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Frank Müller
- Department of General Practice, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Family Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI USA
| | - Dominik Schröder
- Department of General Practice, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Frank Klawonn
- Institute for Information Engineering, Ostfalia University of Applied Sciences, Wolfenbüttel, Germany
- Biostatistics Research Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Sandra Steffens
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Hannover Medical School, Dean’s Office–Curriculum Development, Hannover, Germany
| | - Dimitrios Tsikas
- Hannover Medical School, Institute of Toxicology, Core Unit Proteomics, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
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17
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Santos ISR, Martin-Pastor M, Tavares Júnior AG, Queiroz KA, da Silva Sólon LG, Sousa FFOD. Metabolomic Profile and Its Correlation with the Plasmatic Levels of Losartan, EXP3174 and Blood Pressure Control in Hypertensive and Chronic Kidney Disease Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:9832. [PMID: 37372980 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24129832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases worldwide and, when dysregulated, may cause serious complications. Losartan (LOS) blocks relevant physiological aspects of hypertension, acting mainly on the reduction of peripheral vascular resistance. Complications of hypertension include nephropathy, in which diagnosis is based on the observation of functional or structural renal dysfunction. Therefore, blood pressure control is essential to attenuate the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). In this study, 1H NMR metabolomics were used to differentiate hypertensive and chronic renal patients. Plasmatic levels of LOS and EXP3174, obtained by liquid chromatography coupled with mass-mass spectroscopy, were correlated with blood pressure control, biochemical markers and the metabolomic fingerprint of the groups. Some biomarkers have been correlated with key aspects of hypertension and CKD progression. For instance, higher levels of trigonelline, urea and fumaric acid were found as characteristic markers of kidney failure. In the hypertensive group, the urea levels found could indicate the onset of kidney damage when associated with uncontrolled blood pressure. In this sense, the results point to a new approach to identify CKD in early stages and may contribute to improving pharmacotherapy and reducing morbidity and mortality associated with hypertension and CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Souza Reis Santos
- Graduate Program on Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Biological & Health Sciences, Federal University of Amapa, Macapa 68903-419, Brazil
- Laboratory of Quality Control, Bromatology and Microbiology, Department of Biological & Health Sciences, Federal University of Amapa, Macapa 68903-419, Brazil
| | - Manuel Martin-Pastor
- Unidade de Resonancia Magnetica, Área de Infraestruturas de Investigación, Campus Vida, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15072 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Alberto Gomes Tavares Júnior
- Graduate Program on Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Biological & Health Sciences, Federal University of Amapa, Macapa 68903-419, Brazil
- Laboratory of Quality Control, Bromatology and Microbiology, Department of Biological & Health Sciences, Federal University of Amapa, Macapa 68903-419, Brazil
| | - Kamila Ayres Queiroz
- Graduate Program on Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Biological & Health Sciences, Federal University of Amapa, Macapa 68903-419, Brazil
- Laboratory of Quality Control, Bromatology and Microbiology, Department of Biological & Health Sciences, Federal University of Amapa, Macapa 68903-419, Brazil
| | - Lílian Grace da Silva Sólon
- Graduate Program on Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Biological & Health Sciences, Federal University of Amapa, Macapa 68903-419, Brazil
- Laboratory of Quality Control, Bromatology and Microbiology, Department of Biological & Health Sciences, Federal University of Amapa, Macapa 68903-419, Brazil
| | - Francisco Fábio Oliveira de Sousa
- Graduate Program on Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Biological & Health Sciences, Federal University of Amapa, Macapa 68903-419, Brazil
- Laboratory of Quality Control, Bromatology and Microbiology, Department of Biological & Health Sciences, Federal University of Amapa, Macapa 68903-419, Brazil
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18
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Kozlowska L, Jagiello K, Ciura K, Sosnowska A, Zwiech R, Zbrog Z, Wasowicz W, Gromadzinska J. The Effects of Two Kinds of Dietary Interventions on Serum Metabolic Profiles in Haemodialysis Patients. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13050854. [PMID: 37238723 DOI: 10.3390/biom13050854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of two kinds of 24-week dietary interventions in haemodialysis patients, a traditional nutritional intervention without a meal before dialysis (HG1) and implementation of a nutritional intervention with a meal served just before dialysis (HG2), in terms of analysing the differences in the serum metabolic profiles and finding biomarkers of dietary efficacy. These studies were performed in two homogenous groups of patients (n = 35 in both groups). Among the metabolites with the highest statistical significance between HG1 and HG2 after the end of the study, 21 substances were putatively annotated, which had potential significance in both of the most relevant metabolic pathways and those related to diet. After the 24 weeks of the dietary intervention, the main differences between the metabolomic profiles in the HG2 vs. HG1 groups were related to the higher signal intensities from amino acid metabolites: indole-3-carboxaldehyde, 5-(hydroxymethyl-2-furoyl)glycine, homocitrulline, 4-(glutamylamino)butanoate, tryptophol, gamma-glutamylthreonine, and isovalerylglycine. These metabolites are intermediates in the metabolic pathways of the necessary amino acids (Trp, Tyr, Phe, Leu, Ile, Val, Liz, and amino acids of the urea cycle) and are also diet-related intermediates (4-guanidinobutanoic acid, indole-3-carboxyaldehyde, homocitrulline, and isovalerylglycine).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucyna Kozlowska
- Laboratory of Human Metabolism Research, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karolina Jagiello
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Radiochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
- QSAR Lab Ltd., 80-172 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Krzesimir Ciura
- QSAR Lab Ltd., 80-172 Gdansk, Poland
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-416 Gdansk, Poland
| | | | - Rafal Zwiech
- Dialysis Department, Norbert Barlicki Memorial Teaching Hospital No. 1, 90-001 Lodz, Poland
| | | | - Wojciech Wasowicz
- Department of Environmental and Biological Monitoring, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 91-348 Lodz, Poland
| | - Jolanta Gromadzinska
- Department of Environmental and Biological Monitoring, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 91-348 Lodz, Poland
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19
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Humphries TLR, Vesey DA, Galloway GJ, Gobe GC, Francis RS. Identifying disease progression in chronic kidney disease using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 134-135:52-64. [PMID: 37321758 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2023.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects approximately 10% of the world population, higher still in some developing countries, and can cause irreversible kidney damage eventually leading to kidney failure requiring dialysis or kidney transplantation. However, not all patients with CKD will progress to this stage, and it is difficult to distinguish between progressors and non-progressors at the time of diagnosis. Current clinical practice involves monitoring estimated glomerular filtration rate and proteinuria to assess CKD trajectory over time; however, there remains a need for novel, validated methods that differentiate CKD progressors and non-progressors. Nuclear magnetic resonance techniques, including magnetic resonance spectroscopy and magnetic resonance imaging, have the potential to improve our understanding of CKD progression. Herein, we review the application of magnetic resonance spectroscopy both in preclinical and clinical settings to improve the diagnosis and surveillance of patients with CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyrone L R Humphries
- Kidney Disease Research Collaborative, University of Queensland and Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia; Department of Nephrology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Queensland 4102, Australia.
| | - David A Vesey
- Kidney Disease Research Collaborative, University of Queensland and Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia; Department of Nephrology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - Graham J Galloway
- Kidney Disease Research Collaborative, University of Queensland and Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - Glenda C Gobe
- Kidney Disease Research Collaborative, University of Queensland and Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - Ross S Francis
- Kidney Disease Research Collaborative, University of Queensland and Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia; Department of Nephrology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Queensland 4102, Australia
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20
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de Oliveira Moreira OB, Queiroz de Souza JC, Beraldo Candido JM, do Nascimento MP, Chellini PR, de Lemos LM, de Oliveira MAL. Determination of creatinine in urine and blood serum human samples by CZE-UV using on-column internal standard injection. Talanta 2023; 258:124465. [PMID: 36965416 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023]
Abstract
Creatinine is a well-stablished biomarker for kidney malfunctions and for normalization parameter of urinary quantitative information. Recently, metabolic studies have been discovering other functionalities for creatinine tests in human urine and blood serum. In this work we present an enhanced capillary electrophoresis (CE) based protocol for determination of creatinine. CE is a high-throughput separation technique that have been getting attention through the last decades and might be considered to be adopted as an analytical instrumentation for clinical purposes. In the proposed method, we performed a short injection program with on-column addition of internal standard. Additionally, the method allows a simultaneous screening of non-proteinogenic amino acids that could be considered for metabolomics purposes. We design a pilot study that successfully estimated the creatinine value in 100 urine samples with (2.85 ± 1.78) mg dL-1 LOD; (8.24 ± 5.93) mg dL-1 LOQ and 82.4% accuracy. Considering that serum creatinine is also included in the clinical laboratory routines for estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate dosage, the method was complementary applied to 10 blood serum samples, which resulted in a model with (0.4 ± 0.2) mg dL-1 LOD; (2.0 ± 0.6) mg dL-1 LOQ and 83.8% of accuracy. All results were in agreement with reference values. The proposed method promotes a great analytical frequency and reproducibility with enhanced specificity compared with the ongoing protocol by Jaffe's reaction, thereby proving to be useful as an alternative for creatinine exams that might help complete a diagnosis of a series of health-related issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olívia Brito de Oliveira Moreira
- Grupo de Química Analítica e Quimiometria - GQAQ, Chemistry Department, Institute of Exact Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 36036-900, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Cordeiro Queiroz de Souza
- Grupo de Química Analítica e Quimiometria - GQAQ, Chemistry Department, Institute of Exact Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 36036-900, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - João Marcos Beraldo Candido
- Grupo de Química Analítica e Quimiometria - GQAQ, Chemistry Department, Institute of Exact Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 36036-900, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Maria Patrícia do Nascimento
- Grupo de Química Analítica e Quimiometria - GQAQ, Chemistry Department, Institute of Exact Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 36036-900, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Paula Rocha Chellini
- Grupo de Química Analítica e Quimiometria - GQAQ, Chemistry Department, Institute of Exact Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 36036-900, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil; Faculdade de Farmácia, Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 36036-900, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Marcone Augusto Leal de Oliveira
- Grupo de Química Analítica e Quimiometria - GQAQ, Chemistry Department, Institute of Exact Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 36036-900, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology for Bioanalytics - INCTBio, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
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21
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Associations of Biopterins and ADMA with Vascular Function in Peripheral Microcirculation from Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065582. [PMID: 36982658 PMCID: PMC10056709 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
We hypothesized that patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) display an altered plasma amino acid (AA) metabolomic profile that could contribute to abnormal vascular maintenance of peripheral circulation in uremia. The relationships between plasma AAs and endothelial and vascular smooth muscle function in the microcirculation of CKD patients are not well understood. The objective of this study is to investigate to what extent the levels of AAs and its metabolites are changed in CKD patients and to test their relationship with endothelial and vascular smooth muscle function. Patients with CKD stages 3 and 5 and non-CKD controls are included in this study. We report that there was a significant reduction of the biopterin (BH4/BH2) ratio, which was accompanied by increased plasma levels of BH2, asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and citrulline in patients with CKD-5 vs. CKD-3 vs. controls. In vivo augmentation index measurement showed a positive association with ADMA in all participants. The contribution of nitric oxide, assessed by ex vivo assay, showed a negative association with creatinine, ADMA and citrulline in all participants. In CKD-5, BH4 negatively correlated with ADMA and ornithine levels, and the ex vivo endothelium-mediated dilatation positively correlated with phenylalanine levels. In conclusion, uremia is associated with alterations in AA metabolism that may affect endothelium-dependent dilatation and vascular stiffness in microcirculation. Interventional strategies aiming to normalize the AA metabolism could be of interest as treatment options.
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22
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Nakagawa S, Shimazaki A, Funakoshi T, Yonezawa A, Kataoka S, Horimatsu T, Hira D, Itohara K, Imai S, Nakagawa T, Matsubara T, Yanagita M, Muto M, Matsubara K, Terada T. Effect of Severe Renal Dysfunction on the Plasma Levels of DNA-Reactive Platinum after Oxaliplatin Administration. Biol Pharm Bull 2023; 46:194-200. [PMID: 36724948 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b22-00578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Higher amounts of circulating ultrafilterable platinum (fPt) are found in patients with renal dysfunction receiving a constant dose of oxaliplatin. However, the increased systemic fPt levels do not increase oxaliplatin-induced toxicities. We hypothesized that renal dysfunction has minimal effect on the elimination rate of reactive fPt, and that the DNA-binding capacity is one of the properties of reactive Pt species. This study aimed to quantify DNA-reactive fPt in plasma and to evaluate the impact of severe renal dysfunction on its pharmacokinetics. The pharmacokinetics of oxaliplatin was assessed in rats with bilateral nephrectomy (BNx) and in a hemodialysis patient who received mFOLFOX7 therapy for advanced metastatic gastric cancer. The platinum concentrations were determined using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. The amount of DNA-reactive fPt in the plasma was evaluated by the reaction between plasma and calf thymus DNA. Compared to the sham group in rats, the BNx group had significantly higher plasma total fPt concentrations at 24 h after drug administration. However, there was no significant difference in the plasma levels of DNA-reactive fPt between the two groups. In a hemodialysis patient, the plasma levels of total fPt decreased to 35.9 and 7.3% at 2 and 14 d after treatment, respectively. The plasma level of DNA-reactive fPt also decreased to 1.9 and 0.6%, respectively, on these days. This study showed that severe renal dysfunction has a limited effect on the plasma levels of DNA-reactive fPt after oxaliplatin administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunsaku Nakagawa
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital
| | - Aimi Shimazaki
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital
| | - Taro Funakoshi
- Department of Therapeutic Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University
| | - Atsushi Yonezawa
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital.,Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University
| | - Shigeki Kataoka
- Department of Therapeutic Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University
| | - Takahiro Horimatsu
- Department of Therapeutic Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University
| | - Daiki Hira
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital
| | - Kotaro Itohara
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital
| | - Satoshi Imai
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital
| | - Takayuki Nakagawa
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital
| | - Takeshi Matsubara
- Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University
| | - Motoko Yanagita
- Department of Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University
| | - Manabu Muto
- Department of Therapeutic Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University
| | - Kazuo Matsubara
- Department of Pharmacy, Wakayama Medical University Hospital
| | - Tomohiro Terada
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital
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23
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Zhang W, Zheng J, Zhang J, Li N, Yang X, Fang ZZ, Zhang Q. Associations of serum amino acids related to urea cycle with risk of chronic kidney disease in Chinese with type 2 diabetes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1117308. [PMID: 36936143 PMCID: PMC10018121 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1117308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Serum levels of amino acids related to urea cycle are associated with risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Our study aimed to explore whether serum levels of amino acids related to urea cycle, i.e., arginine, citrulline, and ornithine, are also associated with increased risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in T2DM. METHODS We extracted medical records of 1032 consecutive patients with T2DM from the Electronic Administrative System of Liaoning Medical University First Affiliated Hospital (LMUFAH) system from May 2015 to August 2016. Of them, 855 patients with completed data available were used in the analysis. CKD was defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 mL/min/1.73 m2. Serum amino acids were measured by mass spectrometry (MS) technology. Binary logistic regression was performed to obtain odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS 52.3% of the 855 T2DM patients were male, and 143 had CKD. In univariable analysis, high serum citrulline, high ratio of arginine to ornithine, and low ratio of ornithine to citrulline were associated with markedly increased risk of CKD (OR of top vs. bottom tertile: 2.87, 95%CI, 1.79-4.62 & 1.98, 95%CI,1.25-3.14 & 2.56, 95%CI, 1.61-4.07, respectively). In multivariable analysis, the ORs of citrulline and ornithine/citrulline ratio for CKD remained significant (OR of top vs. bottom tertile: 2.22, 95%CI, 1.29-3.82 & 2.24, 1.29-3.87, respectively). CONCLUSIONS In Chinese patients with T2DM, high citrulline and low ornithine/citrulline ratio were associated with increased risk of CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jun Zheng
- Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Jikun Zhang
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ninghua Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xilin Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhong-Ze Fang
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Qiang Zhang, ; Zhong-Ze Fang,
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Qiang Zhang, ; Zhong-Ze Fang,
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24
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Broseta JJ, Roca M, Rodríguez-Espinosa D, López-Romero LC, Gómez-Bori A, Cuadrado-Payán E, Bea-Granell S, Devesa-Such R, Soldevila A, Sánchez-Pérez P, Hernández-Jaras J. The metabolomic differential plasma profile between dialysates. Pursuing to understand the mechanisms of citrate dialysate clinical benefits. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1013335. [PMID: 36467686 PMCID: PMC9709283 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1013335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Currently, bicarbonate-based dialysate needs a buffer to prevent precipitation of bicarbonate salts with the bivalent cations, and acetate at 3-4 mmol/L is the most used. However, citrate is being postulated as a preferred option because of its association with better clinical results by poorly understood mechanisms. In that sense, this hypothesis-generating study aims to identify potential metabolites that could biologically explain these improvements found in patients using citrate dialysate. Methods: A unicentric, cross-over, prospective untargeted metabolomics study was designed to analyze the differences between two dialysates only differing in their buffer, one containing 4 mmol/L of acetate (AD) and the other 1 mmol/L of citrate (CD). Blood samples were collected in four moments (i.e., pre-, mid-, post-, and 30-min-post-dialysis) and analyzed in an untargeted metabolomics approach based on UPLC-Q-ToF mass spectrometry. Results: The 31 most discriminant metabolomic variables from the plasma samples of the 21 participants screened by their potential clinical implications show that, after dialysis with CD, some uremic toxins appear to be better cleared, the lysine degradation pathway is affected, and branched-chain amino acids post-dialysis levels are 9-10 times higher than with AD; and, on its part, dialysis with AD affects acylcarnitine clearance. Conclusion: Although most metabolic changes seen in this study could be attributable to the dialysis treatment itself, this study successfully identifies some metabolic variables that differ between CD and AD, which raise new hypotheses that may unveil the mechanisms involved in the clinical improvements observed with citrate in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Jesús Broseta
- Department of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Roca
- Analytcal Unit Platform, Medical Research Institute Hospital La Fe (IIS La Fe), Valencia, Spain
| | - Diana Rodríguez-Espinosa
- Department of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Aina Gómez-Bori
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital Universitari I Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Elena Cuadrado-Payán
- Department of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergio Bea-Granell
- Department of Nephrology, Consorci Hospital General Universitari de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ramón Devesa-Such
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital Universitari I Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Amparo Soldevila
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital Universitari I Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Pilar Sánchez-Pérez
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital Universitari I Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain
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Kang E, Li Y, Kim B, Huh KY, Han M, Ahn JH, Sung HY, Park YS, Lee SE, Lee S, Park SK, Cho JY, Oh KH. Identification of Serum Metabolites for Predicting Chronic Kidney Disease Progression according to Chronic Kidney Disease Cause. Metabolites 2022; 12:1125. [PMID: 36422264 PMCID: PMC9696352 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12111125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Early detection and proper management of chronic kidney disease (CKD) can delay progression to end-stage kidney disease. We applied metabolomics to discover novel biomarkers to predict the risk of deterioration in patients with different causes of CKD. We enrolled non-dialytic diabetic nephropathy (DMN, n = 124), hypertensive nephropathy (HTN, n = 118), and polycystic kidney disease (PKD, n = 124) patients from the KNOW-CKD cohort. Within each disease subgroup, subjects were categorized as progressors (P) or non-progressors (NP) based on the median eGFR slope. P and NP pairs were randomly selected after matching for age, sex, and baseline eGFR. Targeted metabolomics was performed to quantify 188 metabolites in the baseline serum samples. We selected ten progression-related biomarkers for DMN and nine biomarkers each for HTN and PKD. Clinical parameters showed good ability to predict DMN (AUC 0.734); however, this tendency was not evident for HTN (AUC 0.659) or PKD (AUC 0.560). Models constructed with selected metabolites and clinical parameters had better ability to predict CKD progression than clinical parameters only. When selected metabolites were used in combination with clinical indicators, random forest prediction models for CKD progression were constructed with AUCs of 0.826, 0.872, and 0.834 for DMN, HTN, and PKD, respectively. Select novel metabolites identified in this study can help identify high-risk CKD patients who may benefit from more aggressive medical treatment.
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Grants
- 2011E3300300, 2012E3301100, 2013E3301600, 2013E3301601, 2013E3301602, 2016E3300200, 2016E3300201, 2016E3300202, 2019E320100, 2019E320101, 2019E320102, and 2022-11-007 Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency
- 2017M3A9E4044649 the Korean government (MSIT)
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunjeong Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Womans University Seoul Hospital, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul 07804, Republic of Korea
| | - Yufei Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Hospital, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Bora Kim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Hospital, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ki Young Huh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Hospital, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Miyeun Han
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Medical Center, Seoul 04564, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hyuck Ahn
- Department of Biochemistry, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul 07804, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Youn Sung
- Department of Biochemistry, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul 07804, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Seek Park
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Eun Lee
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangjun Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Sue K. Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- Integrated Major in Innovative Medical Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Youn Cho
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Hospital, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Kook-Hwan Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
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Chen Z, Wu S, Zeng Y, Chen Z, Li X, Li J, He L, Chen M. FuZhengHuaYuJiangZhuTongLuoFang Prescription Modulates Gut Microbiota and Gut-Derived Metabolites in UUO Rats. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:837205. [PMID: 35669118 PMCID: PMC9165620 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.837205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Alteration of intestinal flora and metabolites is closely related to chronic kidney disease (CKD) across early to advanced stages. FuZhengHuaYuJiangZhuTongLuoFang prescription (FZHY) is a Chinese herb that has been proven to effectively treat CKD, but the underlying mechanism is not clear. Methods Rats were subjected to intragastric treatment with FZHY 7, 14, and 21 days after unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) surgery, and kidney tissue, colon tissue, serum, and stool samples were collected. Results FZHY treatment effectively ameliorated UUO-induced renal function loss, renal injury and renal fibrosis, and colon tissue damage and fibrosis on day 7. The results of 16S flora analysis (day 7) showed that, compared with the UUO group, both the FZHY group and the sham group showed decreased levels of g_Monoglobus, g_Papillibacter, g_Eubacterium_nodatum, and g_Family_XIII_AD3011. Additionally, FZHY obviously induced the reduction of serum citrulline, glycoursodeoxycholic acid, 23-nordeoxycholic acid, 7-ketodeoxycholic acid, kahweol, lipoid B4, 4-(3,4-dihydro-2H-1,5-benzodioxepin-7-yl)-2-methyl-1,3-thiazole, taurolithocholic acid sodium salt, indoline-2-carboxylic acid, 5(S),15(S)-diHETE, and others and the increase of bilirubin, asparagine, and others, which were positively associated with the above four candidate bacteria. Moreover, FZHY increased the levels of ZO-1, occludin, and claudin-1 in the colonic mucosa and reduced the levels of CRP, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1 in the serum and LN, FN, Col-I, and Col-III in the tubulointerstitium of UUO rats on day 7. Conclusion Our study revealed that FZHY reduced kidney damage at the early stage of CKD by regulating the above four candidate bacteria biomarkers and gut-derived harmful metabolites, inhibiting the inflammation response and tubulointerstitial fibrosis, providing deep insight into CKD therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and Western Medicine Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and Western Medicine Hospital, Chengdu First People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Shaobo Wu
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Zeng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zejun Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and Western Medicine Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and Western Medicine Hospital, Chengdu First People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Xueying Li
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Long He
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Cui Y, Tian Z, Yu M, Deng D, Lu H, Song M, Ma X, Wang L. Guanidine acetic acid supplementation altered plasma and tissue free amino acid profiles in finishing pigs. Porcine Health Manag 2022; 8:24. [PMID: 35672811 PMCID: PMC9172011 DOI: 10.1186/s40813-022-00269-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background As a nutritive feed additive, guanidine acetic acid (GAA) participates in the metabolism of energy and proteins. This study aimed to investigate the effects of GAA on growth performance, organ index, plasma and tissue free amino acid profiles, and related metabolites in finishing pigs. A total of 72 crossbred pigs (body weight 86.59 ± 1.16 kg) were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 dietary treatments (GAA0, GAA500, GAA1000, and GAA1500). They were fed the basal diets supplemented with 0, 500, 1000, or 1500 mg/kg GAA for 42 days, respectively. The growth performance and organ weight were evaluated, and the contents of crude protein, free amino acids, and metabolites in plasma and tissues were determined. Spearman correlation between plasma and tissue free amino acids and related metabolites was also analyzed. Results Growth performance in pigs was not altered by GAA (P > 0.05). The absolute and relative weight of kidneys increased (quadratic, P < 0.05). As dietary GAA concentration was increased, the contents of plasma glycine, serine, leucine, ornithine, and ratio of ornithine/arginine decreased (linear or quadratic, P < 0.05), but the contents of plasma isoleucine and taurine and the ratios of alanine/branched-chain amino acids and proline/ornithine increased quadratically (P < 0.05). The hepatic γ-amino-n-butyric acid content increased linearly and quadratically (P < 0.001), while the carnosine content decreased (quadratic, P = 0.004). The contents of renal arginine, proline, cystine, glutamate, and total amino acids (TAA) decreased quadratically (P < 0.05), but the contents of glycine (quadratic, P = 0.015) and γ-amino-n-butyric acid (linear, P = 0.008) increased. The pancreatic tryptophan content (quadratic, P = 0.024) increased, while the contents of pancreatic proline (linear, P = 0.005) and hydroxyproline (quadratic, P = 0.032) decreased in response to GAA supplementation. The contents of cardiac essential amino acids (EAA), nonessential amino acids (NEAA), and TAA in GAA1000 were higher than those in GAA1500 (P < 0.05). Supplementing with GAA linearly increased the contents of methionine, threonine, valine, isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, lysine, histidine, arginine, serine, alanine, glutamine, asparagine, tyrosine, proline, taurine, cystathionine, α-aminoadipic acid, β-aminoisobutyric acid, EAA, NEAA, and TAA in the spleen (P < 0.05). A strong Spearman correlation existed between plasma and tissue free amino acids and related metabolites. Conclusion GAA supplementation did not altered pig growth performance, but it altered plasma and tissue free amino acid profiles and the contents of related metabolites in pigs in a tissue-dependent manner.
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He J, Chen J, Chen F, Chen L, Giesy JP, Guo Y, Liang G, Deng X, Wang W, Xie P. Health Risks of Chronic Exposure to Small Doses of Microcystins: An Integrative Metabolomic and Biochemical Study of Human Serum. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:6548-6559. [PMID: 35510355 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c00973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Health risks of chronic exposure to microcystins (MCs), a family of aquatic contaminants produced mainly by cyanobacteria, are critical yet unsolved problems. Despite a few epidemiological studies, the metabolic profiles of humans exposed to MCs remain unknown, hindering the deep understanding of the molecular toxicity mechanisms. Here, sensitive nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)- and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based metabolomics were applied to investigate the serum metabolic profiles of humans living near Lake Chao, where toxic cyanobacterial blooms occur annually. MCs were positively detected in 92 of 144 sera by ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) with a median concentration of 0.016 μg/L. The estimated daily intake (0.15-0.27 μg MC-LReq/day) was less than the tolerable daily intake (TDI, 2.4 μg MC-LR for 60 kg adults) recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). Obvious disruptions of the amino acid metabolism were confirmed and played important roles in renal impairments associated with serum MC burdens. Chronic oral exposure of mice to 30 μg MC-LR/kg body mass, which is less than the no observed adverse effect level, also led to obvious renal lesions and metabolic dysfunction. These observations provide the first evidence of metabolic disturbance of humans exposed to MCs and indicate that the WHO's TDI value determined traditionally should be lessened to protect human health effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun He
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - John P Giesy
- Toxicology Center, University of Saskatchewan, 44 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, Saskatoon S7N 5B3, Canada
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 52 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, Saskatoon S7N 5B4, Canada
- Zoology Department, Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, 1129 Farm Lane Road, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Baylor University, Waco 76706, Texas, United States
| | - Yuming Guo
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne 3004, Australia
| | - Gaodao Liang
- Wuhan Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xuwei Deng
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Wenjing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Ping Xie
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
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Kim Y, Xu W, Barrs V, Beatty J, Kenéz Á. In-depth characterisation of the urine metabolome in cats with and without urinary tract diseases. Metabolomics 2022; 18:19. [PMID: 35305176 PMCID: PMC8934335 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-022-01877-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Our understanding of the urine metabolome and its association with urinary tract disease is limited in cats. OBJECTIVES We conducted a case-control study to characterise the feline urine metabolome, investigate its association with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and feline idiopathic cystitis (FIC), and assess its compositional relationship with the urine microbiome. METHODS The urine metabolome of 45 owned cats, including 23 controls, 16 CKD, and 6 FIC cases, was characterised by an untargeted metabolomics approach using high-performance chemical isotope labelling liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. RESULTS We detected 9411 unique compounds in the urine of controls and cases and identified 1037 metabolites with high confidence. Amino acids, peptides, and analogues dominated these metabolites (32.2%), followed by carbonyl compounds (7.1%) and carbohydrates (6.5%). Seven controls from one household showed a significant level of metabolome clustering, with a distinct separation from controls from other households (p value < 0.001). Owner surveys revealed that this cluster of cats was fed dry food only, whereas all but one other control had wet food in their diet. Accordingly, the diet type was significantly associated with the urine metabolome composition in our multivariate model (p value = 0.001). Metabolites significantly altered in this cluster included taurine, an essential amino acid in cats. Urine metabolome profiles were not significantly different in CKD and FIC cases compared with controls, and no significant compositional relationship was detected between the urine metabolome and microbiome. CONCLUSION Our study reveals in-depth diversity of the feline urine metabolome composition, and suggests that it can vary considerably depending on environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Younjung Kim
- Centre for Applied One Health Research and Policy Advice, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China.
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China.
- School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9QG, UK.
| | - Wei Xu
- Beijing Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Vanessa Barrs
- Centre for Animal Health and Welfare, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Julia Beatty
- Centre for Animal Health and Welfare, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Ákos Kenéz
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
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Colas L, Royer AL, Massias J, Raux A, Chesneau M, Kerleau C, Guerif P, Giral M, Guitton Y, Brouard S. Urinary metabolomic profiling from spontaneous tolerant kidney transplanted recipients shows enrichment in tryptophan-derived metabolites. EBioMedicine 2022; 77:103844. [PMID: 35241402 PMCID: PMC9034456 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.103844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Operational tolerance is the holy grail in solid organ transplantation. Previous reports showed that the urinary compartment of operationally tolerant recipients harbor a specific and unique profile. We hypothesized that spontaneous tolerant kidney transplanted recipients (KTR) would have a specific urinary metabolomic profile associated to operational tolerance. Methods We performed metabolomic profiling on urine samples from healthy volunteers, stable KTR under standard and minimal immunosuppression and spontaneous tolerant KTR using liquid chromatography in tandem with mass spectrometry. Supervised and unsupervised multivariate computational analyses were used to highlight urinary metabolomic profile and metabolite identification thanks to workflow4metabolomic platform. Findings The urinary metabolome was composed of approximately 2700 metabolites. Raw unsupervised clustering allowed us to separate healthy volunteers and tolerant KTR from others. We confirmed by two methods a specific urinary metabolomic signature in tolerant KTR mainly driven by kynurenic acid independent of immunosuppressive drugs, serum creatinine and gender. Interpretation Kynurenic acid and tryptamine enrichment allowed the identification of putative pathways and metabolites associated with operational tolerance like IDO, GRP35 and AhR and indole alkaloids. Funding This study was supported by the ANR, IRSRPL and CHU de Nantes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luc Colas
- CHU Nantes, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, ITUN, Centre Hospitalier, Nantes Université, 30 bd Jean Monnet, Nantes F-44000, France.
| | - Anne-Lise Royer
- MELISA Core Facility, Oniris, INRΑE, Nantes F-44307, France; Laboratoire d'Etude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments (LABERCA), Oniris, INRAE, Nantes F-44307, France.
| | - Justine Massias
- MELISA Core Facility, Oniris, INRΑE, Nantes F-44307, France; Laboratoire d'Etude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments (LABERCA), Oniris, INRAE, Nantes F-44307, France.
| | - Axel Raux
- MELISA Core Facility, Oniris, INRΑE, Nantes F-44307, France; Laboratoire d'Etude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments (LABERCA), Oniris, INRAE, Nantes F-44307, France.
| | - Mélanie Chesneau
- CHU Nantes, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, ITUN, Centre Hospitalier, Nantes Université, 30 bd Jean Monnet, Nantes F-44000, France.
| | - Clarisse Kerleau
- CHU Nantes, Service de Néphrologie-Immunologie Clinique, Nantes Université, Nantes, France.
| | - Pierrick Guerif
- CHU Nantes, Service de Néphrologie-Immunologie Clinique, Nantes Université, Nantes, France.
| | - Magali Giral
- CHU Nantes, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, ITUN, Centre Hospitalier, Nantes Université, 30 bd Jean Monnet, Nantes F-44000, France; CHU Nantes, Service de Néphrologie-Immunologie Clinique, Nantes Université, Nantes, France; Centre d'Investigation Clinique en Biothérapie, Centre de Ressources Biologiques (CRB), Nantes, France.
| | - Yann Guitton
- MELISA Core Facility, Oniris, INRΑE, Nantes F-44307, France; Laboratoire d'Etude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments (LABERCA), Oniris, INRAE, Nantes F-44307, France.
| | - Sophie Brouard
- CHU Nantes, INSERM, Center for Research in Transplantation and Translational Immunology, UMR 1064, ITUN, Centre Hospitalier, Nantes Université, 30 bd Jean Monnet, Nantes F-44000, France; CHU Nantes, Service de Néphrologie-Immunologie Clinique, Nantes Université, Nantes, France; Labex IGO, Nantes, France.
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Ribbenstedt A, Posselt M, Benskin JP. Toxicometabolomics and Biotransformation Product Elucidation in Single Zebrafish Embryos Exposed to Carbamazepine from Environmentally-Relevant to Morphologically Altering Doses. Chem Res Toxicol 2022; 35:431-439. [PMID: 35166526 PMCID: PMC8941598 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.1c00335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Toxicometabolomics
and biotransformation product (bioTP) elucidation
were carried out in single zebrafish (ZF) embryos exposed to carbamazepine
(CBZ). Exposures were conducted in 96-well plates containing six CBZ
concentrations ranging from 0.5 μg/L to 50 mg/L (n = 12 embryos per dose). In the 50 mg/L dose group, 33% of embryos
developed edema during the exposure (120 hpf), while hatching was
significantly delayed in three of the lower-dose groups (0.46, 3.85,
and 445 μg/L) compared to the control at 48 hpf. Toxicometabolomic
analysis together with random forest modeling revealed a total of
80 significantly affected metabolites (22 identified via targeted
lipidomics and 58 via nontarget analysis). The wide range of doses
enabled the observation of both monotonic and nonmonotonic dose responses
in the metabolome, which ultimately produced a unique and comprehensive
biochemical picture that aligns with existing knowledge on the mode
of action of CBZ. The combination of high dose exposures and apical
endpoint assessment in single embryos also enabled hypothesis generation
regarding the target organ for the morphologically altering insult.
In addition, two CBZ bioTPs were identified without additional exposure
experiments. Overall, this work showcases the potential of toxicometabolomics
and bioTP determination in single ZF embryos for rapid and comprehensive
chemical hazard assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Ribbenstedt
- Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, 114 18 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Malte Posselt
- Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, 114 18 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jonathan P Benskin
- Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, 114 18 Stockholm, Sweden
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Avenues for post-translational protein modification prevention and therapy. Mol Aspects Med 2022; 86:101083. [PMID: 35227517 PMCID: PMC9378364 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2022.101083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Non-enzymatic post-translational modifications (nPTMs) of proteins have emerged as novel risk factors for the genesis and progression of various diseases. We now have a variety of experimental and established therapeutic strategies to target harmful nPTMs and potentially improve clinical outcomes. Protein carbamylation and glycation are two common and representative nPTMs that have gained considerable attention lately as favorable therapeutic targets with emerging clinical evidence. Protein carbamylation is associated with the occurrence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD); and advanced glycation end products (AGEs), a heterogeneous group of molecules produced in a series of glycation reactions, have been linked to various diabetic complications. Therefore, reducing the burden of protein carbamylation and AGEs is an appealing and promising therapeutic approach. This review chapter summarizes potential anti-nPTM therapy options in CKD, CVD, and diabetes along with clinical implications. Using two prime examples-protein carbamylation and AGEs-we discuss the varied preventative and therapeutic options to mitigate these pathologic nPTMs in detail. We provide in-depth case studies on carbamylation in the setting of kidney disease and AGEs in metabolic disorders, with an emphasis on the relevance to reducing adverse clinical outcomes such as CKD progression, cardiovascular events, and mortality. Overall, whether specific efforts to lower carbamylation and AGE burden will yield definitive clinical improvement in humans remains largely to be seen. However, the scientific rationale for such pursuits is demonstrated herein.
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New Insights from Metabolomics in Pediatric Renal Diseases. CHILDREN 2022; 9:children9010118. [PMID: 35053744 PMCID: PMC8774568 DOI: 10.3390/children9010118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Renal diseases in childhood form a spectrum of different conditions with potential long-term consequences. Given that, a great effort has been made by researchers to identify candidate biomarkers that are able to influence diagnosis and prognosis, in particular by using omics techniques (e.g., metabolomics, lipidomics, genomics, and transcriptomics). Over the past decades, metabolomics has added a promising number of ‘new’ biomarkers to the ‘old’ group through better physiopathological knowledge, paving the way for insightful perspectives on the management of different renal diseases. We aimed to summarize the most recent omics evidence in the main renal pediatric diseases (including acute renal injury, kidney transplantation, chronic kidney disease, renal dysplasia, vesicoureteral reflux, and lithiasis) in this narrative review.
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Zhou C, Zhang Q, Lu L, Wang J, Liu D, Liu Z. Metabolomic Profiling of Amino Acids in Human Plasma Distinguishes Diabetic Kidney Disease From Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:765873. [PMID: 34912824 PMCID: PMC8666657 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.765873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a highly prevalent complication in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Patients with DKD exhibit changes in plasma levels of amino acids (AAs) due to insulin resistance, reduced protein intake, and impaired renal transport of AAs. The role of AAs in distinguishing DKD from T2DM and healthy controls has yet to be elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the metabolomic profiling of AAs in the plasma of patients with DKD. Methods: We established an ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method to detect the plasma levels of the 20 AAs in healthy controls (n = 112), patients with T2DM (n = 101), and patients with DKD (n = 101). The key AAs associated with DKD were identified by orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) models with loading plots, shared and unique structures (SUS) plots, and variable importance in projection (VIP) values. The discrimination accuracies of these key AAs were then determined by analyses of receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Results: Metabolomic profiling of plasma revealed significant alterations in levels of the 20 AAs in patients with DKD when compared to those in either patients with T2DM or healthy controls. Metabolomic profiling of the 20 AAs showed a visual separation of patients with DKD from patients with T2DM and healthy controls in OPLS-DA models. Based on loading plots, SUS plots, and VIP values in the OPLS-DA models, we identified valine and cysteine as potential contributors to the progression of DKD from patients with T2DM. Histidine was identified as a key mediator that could distinguish patients with DKD from healthy controls. Plasma levels of histidine and valine were decreased significantly in patients with DKD with a decline in kidney function, and had excellent performance in distinguishing patients with DKD from patients with T2DM and healthy controls according to ROC curves. Conclusion: Plasma levels of histidine and valine were identified as the main AAs that can distinguish patients with DKD. Our findings provide new options for the prevention, treatment, and management of DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyu Zhou
- Blood Purification Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Liqian Lu
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jiao Wang
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dongwei Liu
- Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhangsuo Liu
- Blood Purification Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Research Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China
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Mbhele T, Tanyanyiwa DM, Moepya RJ, Bhana S, Makatini MM. Relationship between amino acid ratios and decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate in diabetic and non-diabetic patients in South Africa. Afr J Lab Med 2021; 10:1398. [PMID: 34956850 PMCID: PMC8678941 DOI: 10.4102/ajlm.v10i1.1398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetic kidney disease is a major complication resulting from type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Currently, the microalbuminuria test is used to monitor renal function; however, it does not detect albumin until progressive loss of renal function has occurred. Objective This study analysed the relationship between changes in amino acid ratios and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline in diabetic and non-diabetic patients. Methods Urine samples were collected from participants between February 2019 to April 2019 and analysed from November 2020 to January 2021. Diabetic (glycated haemoglobin > 6.4%) and non-diabetic patients (glycated haemoglobin ≤ 6.4%) from Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital, South Africa, were further categorised based on the degree of renal function predicted by the eGFRs. Amino acids were quantified using tandem mass spectrometry to determine the concentrations and ratios of tyrosine/phenylalanine, ornithine/arginine, arginine/citrulline and citrulline/ornithine at different stages of the chronic kidney disease. Results Among diabetic patients, the tyrosine/phenylalanine ratio showed a statistically significant increase (p = 0.04) as the eGFR declined from stage 1 to stage 4; the ornithine/arginine ratio showed a strong negative correlation with eGFR. The citrulline/ornithine ratio differed between the diabetic and non-diabetic patients in stage 1 of chronic kidney disease. Conclusion Amino acid ratios (ornithine/arginine and tyrosine/phenylalanine) are affected by the progression of diabetes and can be correlated to renal function. The citrulline/ornithine ratios differ between the studied groups in stage 1 of the disease and may be utilised to predict the onset of chronic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thapelo Mbhele
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Donald M. Tanyanyiwa
- School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Refilwe J. Moepya
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Sindeep Bhana
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Maya M. Makatini
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Stämmler F, Grassi M, Meeusen JW, Lieske JC, Dasari S, Dubourg L, Lemoine S, Ehrich J, Schiffer E. Estimating Glomerular Filtration Rate from Serum Myo-Inositol, Valine, Creatinine and Cystatin C. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:2291. [PMID: 34943527 PMCID: PMC8700166 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11122291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Assessment of renal function relies on the estimation of the glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Existing eGFR equations, usually based on serum levels of creatinine and/or cystatin C, are not uniformly accurate across patient populations. In the present study, we expanded a recent proof-of-concept approach to optimize an eGFR equation targeting the adult population with and without chronic kidney disease (CKD), based on a nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) derived 'metabolite constellation' (GFRNMR). A total of 1855 serum samples were partitioned into development, internal validation and external validation datasets. The new GFRNMR equation used serum myo-inositol, valine, creatinine and cystatin C plus age and sex. GFRNMR had a lower bias to tracer measured GFR (mGFR) than existing eGFR equations, with a median bias (95% confidence interval [CI]) of 0.0 (-1.0; 1.0) mL/min/1.73 m2 for GFRNMR vs. -6.0 (-7.0; -5.0) mL/min/1.73 m2 for the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration equation that combines creatinine and cystatin C (CKD-EPI2012) (p < 0.0001). Accuracy (95% CI) within 15% of mGFR (1-P15) was 38.8% (34.3; 42.5) for GFRNMR vs. 47.3% (43.2; 51.5) for CKD-EPI2012 (p < 0.010). Thus, GFRNMR holds promise as an alternative way to assess eGFR with superior accuracy in adult patients with and without CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Stämmler
- Department of Research and Development, numares AG, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (F.S.); (M.G.)
| | - Marcello Grassi
- Department of Research and Development, numares AG, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (F.S.); (M.G.)
| | - Jeffrey W. Meeusen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (J.W.M.); (J.C.L.)
| | - John C. Lieske
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (J.W.M.); (J.C.L.)
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Surendra Dasari
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA;
| | - Laurence Dubourg
- Service d’Explorations Fonctionnelles Rénales et Métaboliques, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, 69437 Lyon, France; (L.D.); (S.L.)
| | - Sandrine Lemoine
- Service d’Explorations Fonctionnelles Rénales et Métaboliques, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, 69437 Lyon, France; (L.D.); (S.L.)
| | - Jochen Ehrich
- Children’s Hospital, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany;
| | - Eric Schiffer
- Department of Research and Development, numares AG, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (F.S.); (M.G.)
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Lanzon B, Martin-Taboada M, Castro-Alves V, Vila-Bedmar R, González de Pablos I, Duberg D, Gomez P, Rodriguez E, Orešič M, Hyötyläinen T, Morales E, Ruperez FJ, Medina-Gomez G. Lipidomic and Metabolomic Signature of Progression of Chronic Kidney Disease in Patients with Severe Obesity. Metabolites 2021; 11:836. [PMID: 34940593 PMCID: PMC8707539 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11120836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe obesity is a major risk for chronic kidney disease (CKD). Early detection and careful monitoring of renal function are critical for the prevention of CKD during obesity, since biopsies are not performed in patients with CKD and diagnosis is dependent on the assessment of clinical parameters. To explore whether distinct lipid and metabolic signatures in obesity may signify early stages of pathogenesis toward CKD, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and gas chromatography-high resolution accurate mass-mass spectrometry (GC-HRAM-MS) analyses were performed in the serum and the urine of severely obese patients with and without CKD. Moreover, the impact of bariatric surgery (BS) in lipid and metabolic signature was also studied, through LC-MS and GC-HRAM-MS analyses in the serum and urine of patients with severe obesity and CKD before and after undergoing BS. Regarding patients with severe obesity and CKD compared to severely obese patients without CKD, serum lipidome analysis revealed significant differences in lipid signature. Furthermore, serum metabolomics profile revealed significant changes in specific amino acids, with isoleucine and tyrosine, increased in CKD patients compared with patients without CKD. LC-MS and GC-HRAM-MS analysis in serum of patients with severe obesity and CKD after BS showed downregulation of levels of triglycerides (TGs) and diglycerides (DGs) as well as a decrease in branched-chain amino acid (BCAA), lysine, threonine, proline, and serine. In addition, BS removed most of the correlations in CKD patients against biochemical parameters related to kidney dysfunction. Concerning urine analysis, hippuric acid, valine and glutamine were significantly decreased in urine from CKD patients after surgery. Interestingly, bariatric surgery did not restore all the lipid species, some of them decreased, hence drawing attention to them as potential targets for early diagnosis or therapeutic intervention. Results obtained in this study would justify the use of comprehensive mass spectrometry-based lipidomics to measure other lipids aside from conventional lipid profiles and to validate possible early markers of risk of CKD in patients with severe obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borja Lanzon
- LIPOBETA Group, Department Basic Sciences of Health, Faculty of Sciences of Health, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (B.L.); (M.M.-T.); (R.V.-B.)
| | - Marina Martin-Taboada
- LIPOBETA Group, Department Basic Sciences of Health, Faculty of Sciences of Health, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (B.L.); (M.M.-T.); (R.V.-B.)
| | - Victor Castro-Alves
- School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, 702 81 Örebro, Sweden; (V.C.-A.); (D.D.); (T.H.)
| | - Rocio Vila-Bedmar
- LIPOBETA Group, Department Basic Sciences of Health, Faculty of Sciences of Health, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (B.L.); (M.M.-T.); (R.V.-B.)
| | | | - Daniel Duberg
- School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, 702 81 Örebro, Sweden; (V.C.-A.); (D.D.); (T.H.)
| | - Pilar Gomez
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, 28041 Madrid, Spain; (P.G.); (E.R.)
| | - Elias Rodriguez
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, 28041 Madrid, Spain; (P.G.); (E.R.)
| | - Matej Orešič
- School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, 702 81 Örebro, Sweden;
- Turku Bioscience, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Tuulia Hyötyläinen
- School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, 702 81 Örebro, Sweden; (V.C.-A.); (D.D.); (T.H.)
| | - Enrique Morales
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital 12 de Octubre, 28041 Madrid, Spain; (I.G.d.P.); (E.M.)
- Research Institute of University Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), 28041 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Ruperez
- Centro de Metabolómica y Bioanálisis (CEMBIO), Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, 28668 Boadilla del Monte, Spain;
| | - Gema Medina-Gomez
- LIPOBETA Group, Department Basic Sciences of Health, Faculty of Sciences of Health, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain; (B.L.); (M.M.-T.); (R.V.-B.)
- LAFEMEX Laboratory, Área de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas de la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain
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Gonzalez Melo M, Fontana AO, Viertl D, Allenbach G, Prior JO, Rotman S, Feichtinger RG, Mayr JA, Costanzo M, Caterino M, Ruoppolo M, Braissant O, Barbey F, Ballhausen D. A knock-in rat model unravels acute and chronic renal toxicity in glutaric aciduria type I. Mol Genet Metab 2021; 134:287-300. [PMID: 34799272 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2021.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Glutaric aciduria type I (GA-I, OMIM # 231670) is an autosomal recessive inborn error of metabolism caused by deficiency of the mitochondrial enzyme glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase (GCDH). The principal clinical manifestation in GA-I patients is striatal injury most often triggered by catabolic stress. Early diagnosis by newborn screening programs improved survival and reduced striatal damage in GA-I patients. However, the clinical phenotype is still evolving in the aging patient population. Evaluation of long-term outcome in GA-I patients recently identified glomerular filtration rate (GFR) decline with increasing age. We recently created the first knock-in rat model for GA-I harboring the mutation p.R411W (c.1231 C>T), corresponding to the most frequent GCDH human mutation p.R402W. In this study, we evaluated the effect of an acute metabolic stress in form of high lysine diet (HLD) on young Gcdhki/ki rats. We further studied the chronic effect of GCDH deficiency on kidney function in a longitudinal study on a cohort of Gcdhki/ki rats by repetitive 68Ga-EDTA positron emission tomography (PET) renography, biochemical and histological analyses. In young Gcdhki/ki rats exposed to HLD, we observed a GFR decline and biochemical signs of a tubulopathy. Histological analyses revealed lipophilic vacuoles, thinning of apical brush border membranes and increased numbers of mitochondria in proximal tubular (PT) cells. HLD also altered OXPHOS activities and proteome in kidneys of Gcdhki/ki rats. In the longitudinal cohort, we showed a progressive GFR decline in Gcdhki/ki rats starting at young adult age and a decline of renal clearance. Histopathological analyses in aged Gcdhki/ki rats revealed tubular dilatation, protein accumulation in PT cells and mononuclear infiltrations. These observations confirm that GA-I leads to acute and chronic renal damage. This raises questions on indication for follow-up on kidney function in GA-I patients and possible therapeutic interventions to avoid renal damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Gonzalez Melo
- Pediatric Metabolic Unit, Pediatrics, Woman-Mother-Child Department, University of Lausanne and University Hospital of Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Andrea Orlando Fontana
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Lausanne and Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - David Viertl
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Lausanne and Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Gilles Allenbach
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Lausanne and Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - John O Prior
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University of Lausanne and Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Samuel Rotman
- Service of Clinical Pathology, University of Lausanne and University Hospital of Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - René Günther Feichtinger
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Johannes Adalbert Mayr
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Michele Costanzo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; CEINGE - Biotecnologie, Avanzate s.c.ar.l., 80145 Naples, Italy.
| | - Marianna Caterino
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; CEINGE - Biotecnologie, Avanzate s.c.ar.l., 80145 Naples, Italy.
| | - Margherita Ruoppolo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; CEINGE - Biotecnologie, Avanzate s.c.ar.l., 80145 Naples, Italy.
| | - Olivier Braissant
- Service of Clinical Chemistry, University of Lausanne and University Hospital of Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Frederic Barbey
- Department of Immunology, University of Lausanne and University Hospital of Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Diana Ballhausen
- Pediatric Metabolic Unit, Pediatrics, Woman-Mother-Child Department, University of Lausanne and University Hospital of Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Nan L, Peng L, Jinxia Z, Mengzhe G, Jun L, Haibo W, Houfa G. Musk Tongxin Dripping Pills for treating Ticagrelor in Patients After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Echocardiography Combined with Untargeted Metabolomics. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:731734. [PMID: 34776957 PMCID: PMC8579064 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.731734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: As current clinical practice guidelines, ticagrelor is the suggested therapeutic scheme to prevent adverse cardiovascular events in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) treatment. However, this therapeutic strategy still fails, and around 30% patients display inadequate antiplatelet responses. Musk Tongxin Dripping Pill (MTDP) in Chinese hospital was usually considered as the combination with ticagrelor to improve the treatment effect. Unfortunately, the mechanism has not been elucidated. Methods: The untargeted metabolomic method was introduced based on liquid chromatography–high-resolution mass spectrometry (HPLC-HRMS) coupled with STI for the research of the drug combination mechanism between ticagrelor and MTDP. 28 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of AMI were selectively collected, who were then divided into two different dosage regimen groups, and the serum samples were collected for the untargeted metabolomics assay. Then the differential metabolites were associated with blood biochemical indicators. Results: The GLS values in both groups increased after treatment and those in the ticagrelor and MTDP combination group after treatment were higher than those in the ticagrelor group (p < 0.05), suggesting that the combination medication has better therapeutic effect on patients with myocardial infarction. From metabolomics analysis, the species of metabolites changed in two groups before and after treatment. Moreover, 93 differential metabolites changed in the drug combination group compared with the ticagrelor group after treatment (p < 0.05), which mainly related to changes in fatty acid metabolism pathways. Then the differential metabolites were found to be related with blood biochemical indicators, such as lipid, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Conclusion: This work will provide a possible mechanism of the drug combination interaction between ticagrelor and MTDP from two angles of echocardiography and metabonomics. Several potential metabolic pathways were also found to have a relationship with MTDP, which will provide a new perspective in clinical medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyu Nan
- Clinical College, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Lai Peng
- Clinical College, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Zhao Jinxia
- Clinical College, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Guo Mengzhe
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Liang Jun
- Clinical College, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Wang Haibo
- Clinical College, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Geng Houfa
- Clinical College, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, China
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Yuan D, Kuan T, Ling H, Wang H, Feng L, Zhao Q, Li J, Ran J. Serum metabolomics of end-stage renal disease patients with depression: potential biomarkers for diagnosis. Ren Fail 2021; 43:1479-1491. [PMID: 34723750 PMCID: PMC8567927 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2021.1994995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is the final stage during the development of renal failure. Depression is the most common psychiatric disorder in patients with ESRD, which in turn aggravates the progression of renal failure, however, its underlying mechanism remains unclear. This study aimed to reveal the pathogenesis and to discover novel peripheral biomarkers for ESRD patients with depression through metabolomic analysis. Methods Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) was used to explore changes of serum metabolites among healthy controls, ESRD patients with or without depression. The differential metabolites between groups were subjected to clustering analysis, pathway analysis, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Results A total of 57 significant serum differential metabolites were identified between ESRD patients with or without depression, which were involved in 19 metabolic pathways, such as energy metabolism, glycerolipid metabolism, and glutamate-centered metabolism. Moreover, the area under the ROC curve of gentisic acid, uric acid, 5-hydroxytryptamine, 2-phosphoglyceric acid, leucyl-phenylalanine, propenyl carnitine, naloxone, pregnenolone, 6-thioxanthene 5'-monophosphate, hydroxyl ansoprazole, zileuton O-glucuronide, cabergoline, PA(34:2), PG(36:1), probucol and their combination was greater than 0.90. Conclusions Inflammation, oxidative stress and energy metabolism abnormalities, glycerolipid metabolism, and glutamate-centered metabolism are associated with the pathogenesis of ESRD with depression, which may be promising targets for therapy. Furthermore, the identified differential metabolites may serve as biomarkers for the diagnosis of ESRD patients with depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dezhi Yuan
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tian Kuan
- Department of Anatomy, and Laboratory of Neuroscience and Tissue Engineering, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hu Ling
- Department of Anatomy, and Laboratory of Neuroscience and Tissue Engineering, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongkai Wang
- Department of Anatomy, and Laboratory of Neuroscience and Tissue Engineering, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Liping Feng
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiuye Zhao
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinfang Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianhua Ran
- Department of Anatomy, and Laboratory of Neuroscience and Tissue Engineering, Basic Medical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Abstract
Uremic encephalopathy encompasses a wide range of central nervous system abnormalities associated with poor kidney function occurring with either progressive chronic kidney disease or acute kidney injury. The syndrome is likely caused by retention of uremic solutes, alterations in hormonal metabolism, changes in electrolyte and acid-base homeostasis, as well as changes in vascular reactivity, blood-brain barrier transport, and inflammation. There are no defining clinical, laboratory, or imaging findings, and the diagnosis is often made retrospectively when symptoms improve after dialysis or transplantation. The diagnosis is also made difficult because of the many confounding and overlapping conditions seen in patients with chronic kidney disease and acute kidney injury. Thus, institution of kidney replacement therapy should be considered as a trial to improve symptoms in the right clinical context. Neurological symptoms that do not improve after improvement in clearance should prompt a search for other explanations. Further knowledge linking possible uremic retention solutes with neurological symptoms is needed to better understand this syndrome as well as to develop more tailored treatments that aim to improve cognitive function.
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Nutritional Adequacy of Animal-Based and Plant-Based Asian Diets for Chronic Kidney Disease Patients: A Modeling Study. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13103341. [PMID: 34684342 PMCID: PMC8541170 DOI: 10.3390/nu13103341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant-based low protein diets (LPDs) have gained popularity for managing chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. The nutritional adequacy of these and other LPDs prescribed for CKD patients have not been carefully examined. This study assessed the nutrient composition of such LPDs and moderately high protein diets (MHPDs) that might be prescribed for patients in the Asia Pacific region with CKD who are not dialyzed or undergoing maintenance dialysis. Conventional diets containing at least 50% animal-based proteins and plant-based diets were also planned with protein prescriptions of 0.5 to 0.8 g/kg/day and MHPDs with protein prescriptions of 1.0 to 1.2 g/kg/day. Plant-based, lacto-, ovo-, and lacto-ovo-vegetarian and vegan LPDs and MHPDs were planned by replacing some or all of the animal proteins from the conventional diet. With 0.5 g protein/kg/day, all diets were below the Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA) for at least one essential amino acid (EAA). At a protein prescription of 0.6 g/kg/day, only the conventional LPD met the RDA for all EAAs. This deficiency with the plant-based LPDs persisted even with several plant food substitutions. With a protein prescription ≥0.7 g/kg/day, all the plant-based and vegetarian LPDs provided the RDA for all EAA. The plant-based and vegetarian diets also contained relatively greater potassium, phosphorus, and calcium content but lower long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and vitamin B-12 than the conventional diet. Other essential micronutrients were commonly below the RDA even at higher protein intakes. The low contents of some essential micronutrients were found in both animal-based and plant-based diets. Prescription of all LPDs for CKD patients, especially plant-based and vegetarian LPDs, requires careful planning to ensure the adequacy of all nutrients, particularly essential amino acids. Consideration should be given to supplementing all animal-based and plant-based LPDs and MHPDs with multivitamins and certain trace elements.
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Ren Q, Cheng L, Guo F, Tao S, Zhang C, Ma L, Fu P. Fisetin Improves Hyperuricemia-Induced Chronic Kidney Disease via Regulating Gut Microbiota-Mediated Tryptophan Metabolism and Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Activation. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:10932-10942. [PMID: 34505780 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c03449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The intestinal flora serves a critical role in the development of hyperuricemia-induced chronic kidney disease (CKD). We previously found that natural flavonol fisetin exhibited nephroprotective effects in hyperuricemic mice. However, the mechanism remains largely unknown. To investigate the underlying mechanism of fisetin, mice were fed with potassium oxonate and adenine to introduce hyperuricemia-induced CKD. Fisetin improved kidney function, ameliorated renal fibrosis, and restored enteric dysbacteriosis in hyperuricemia-induced CKD mice. Meanwhile, gut microbiota-derived tryptophan metabolites, especially l-kynurenine, showed correlations with nephroprotective profiles of fisetin. Additionally, the kidney expression of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), an endogenous receptor of l-kynurenine, was enhanced in hyperuricemic mice and further reduced in fisetin-treated mice. Finally, in vitro results showed that inhibition of AHR activation attenuated l-kynurenine-induced fibrosis. These results highlighted that fisetin protected against hyperuricemia-induced CKD via modulating gut microbiota-mediated tryptophan metabolism and AHR activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Ren
- Division of Nephrology and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Kidney Research Institute, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lu Cheng
- Division of Nephrology and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Kidney Research Institute, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Fan Guo
- Division of Nephrology and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Kidney Research Institute, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Sibei Tao
- Division of Nephrology and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Kidney Research Institute, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Chunle Zhang
- Division of Nephrology and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Kidney Research Institute, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Liang Ma
- Division of Nephrology and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Kidney Research Institute, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ping Fu
- Division of Nephrology and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Kidney Research Institute, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Bernhardt A, Häberer S, Xu J, Damerau H, Steffen J, Reichardt C, Wolters K, Steffen H, Isermann B, Borucki K, Artelt N, Endlich N, Kozyraki R, Brandt S, Lindquist JA, Mertens PR. High salt diet-induced proximal tubular phenotypic changes and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 expression are coordinated by cold shock Y-box binding protein-1. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21912. [PMID: 34533842 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202100667rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
High salt diet (HSD) is a hallmark of blood pressure elevations, weight gain and diabetes onset in the metabolic syndrome. In kidney, compensatory mechanisms are activated to balance salt turnover and maintain homeostasis. Data on the long-term effects of HSD with respect to tubular cell functions and kidney architecture that exclude confounding indirect blood pressure effects are scarce. Additionally we focus on cold shock Y-box binding protein-1 as a tubular cell protective factor. A HSD model (4% NaCl in chow; 1% NaCl in water) was compared to normal salt diet (NSD, standard chow) over 16 months using wild type mice and an inducible conditional whole body knockout for cold shock Y-box binding protein-1 (BL6J/N, Ybx1). HSD induced no difference in blood pressure over 16 months, comparing NSD/HSD and Ybx1 wild type/knockout. Nevertheless, marked phenotypic changes were detected. Glucosuria and subnephrotic albuminuria ensued in wild type animals under HSD, which subsided in Ybx1-deficient animals. At the same time megalin receptors were upregulated. The sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) was completely downregulated in wild type HSD animals that developed glucosuria. In Ybx1 knockouts, expression of AQP1 and SGLT2 was maintained under HSD; proximal tubular widening and glomerular tubularization developed. Concurrently, amino aciduria of neutral and hydrophobic amino acids was seen. In vitro translation confirmed that YB-1 translationally represses Sglt2 transcripts. Our data reveal profound effects of HSD primarily within glomeruli and proximal tubular segments. YB-1 is regulated by HSD and orchestrates HSD-dependent changes; notably, sets reabsorption thresholds for amino acids, proteins and glucose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Bernhardt
- Clinic of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Saskia Häberer
- Clinic of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - JingJing Xu
- Clinic of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Hannah Damerau
- Clinic of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Steffen
- Clinic of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Charlotte Reichardt
- Clinic of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Wolters
- Clinic of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Hannes Steffen
- Clinic of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Berend Isermann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Katrin Borucki
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Nadine Artelt
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,NIPOKA GmbH, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Nicole Endlich
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,NIPOKA GmbH, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Renata Kozyraki
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, UMRS-1138, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Sabine Brandt
- Clinic of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Jonathan A Lindquist
- Clinic of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Peter R Mertens
- Clinic of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
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Kuleš J, Rubić I, Beer Ljubić B, Bilić P, Barić Rafaj R, Brkljačić M, Burchmore R, Eckersall D, Mrljak V. Combined Untargeted and Targeted Metabolomics Approaches Reveal Urinary Changes of Amino Acids and Energy Metabolism in Canine Babesiosis With Different Levels of Kidney Function. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:715701. [PMID: 34603243 PMCID: PMC8484968 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.715701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Canine babesiosis is a tick-borne disease with a worldwide distribution, caused by the haemoprotozoan parasites of the genus Babesia. One of the most prevalent complication is acute kidney injury, and an early diagnosis of altered kidney function remains a challenge for veterinary practice. The aim of this study was to assess the urine metabolic profile from dogs with babesiosis and different degree of kidney function using untargeted and targeted MS-based metabolomics approaches. In this study, 22 dogs naturally infected with Babesia canis and 12 healthy dogs were included. Untargeted metabolomics approach identified 601 features with a differential abundance between the healthy group and groups of dogs with babesiosis and different level of kidney function, with 27 of them identified as a match to known standards; while targeted approach identified 17 metabolites with significantly different concentrations between the groups. A pattern of significantly altered metabolites referring to the inflammatory host response, oxidative stress, and energy metabolism modulation in babesiosis was presented. Our findings have demonstrated that kidney dysfunction accompanying canine babesiosis was associated with changes in amino acid metabolism, energy metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, and biochemical pathways such as urea cycle and ammonia detoxication. These findings will enable the inclusion of urinary markers for the detection and monitoring of renal damage in babesiosis, as well as in other similar diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josipa Kuleš
- Laboratory of Proteomics, Internal Diseases Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivana Rubić
- Laboratory of Proteomics, Internal Diseases Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Blanka Beer Ljubić
- Internal Diseases Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Petra Bilić
- Internal Diseases Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Renata Barić Rafaj
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mirna Brkljačić
- Internal Diseases Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Richard Burchmore
- Glasgow Polyomics, Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - David Eckersall
- College of Medical, Veterinary, and Life Sciences, Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health, and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Vladimir Mrljak
- Laboratory of Proteomics, Internal Diseases Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
- Internal Diseases Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
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46
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Gholaminejad A, Fathalipour M, Roointan A. Comprehensive analysis of diabetic nephropathy expression profile based on weighted gene co-expression network analysis algorithm. BMC Nephrol 2021; 22:245. [PMID: 34215202 PMCID: PMC8252307 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-021-02447-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the major complication of diabetes mellitus, and leading cause of end-stage renal disease. The underlying molecular mechanism of DN is not yet completely clear. The aim of this study was to analyze a DN microarray dataset using weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) algorithm for better understanding of DN pathogenesis and exploring key genes in the disease progression. Methods The identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in DN dataset GSE47183 were introduced to WGCNA algorithm to construct co-expression modules. STRING database was used for construction of Protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks of the genes in all modules and the hub genes were identified considering both the degree centrality in the PPI networks and the ranked lists of weighted networks. Gene ontology and Reactome pathway enrichment analyses were performed on each module to understand their involvement in the biological processes and pathways. Following validation of the hub genes in another DN dataset (GSE96804), their up-stream regulators, including microRNAs and transcription factors were predicted and a regulatory network comprising of all these molecules was constructed. Results After normalization and analysis of the dataset, 2475 significant DEGs were identified and clustered into six different co-expression modules by WGCNA algorithm. Then, DEGs of each module were subjected to functional enrichment analyses and PPI network constructions. Metabolic processes, cell cycle control, and apoptosis were among the top enriched terms. In the next step, 23 hub genes were identified among the modules in genes and five of them, including FN1, SLC2A2, FABP1, EHHADH and PIPOX were validated in another DN dataset. In the regulatory network, FN1 was the most affected hub gene and mir-27a and REAL were recognized as two main upstream-regulators of the hub genes. Conclusions The identified hub genes from the hearts of co-expression modules could widen our understanding of the DN development and might be of targets of future investigations, exploring their therapeutic potentials for treatment of this complicated disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alieh Gholaminejad
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Fathalipour
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Amir Roointan
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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47
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Zhang F, Guo R, Cui W, Wang L, Xiao J, Shang J, Zhao Z. Untargeted serum metabolomics and tryptophan metabolism profiling in type 2 diabetic patients with diabetic glomerulopathy. Ren Fail 2021; 43:980-992. [PMID: 34157945 PMCID: PMC8231361 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2021.1937219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic glomerulopathy (DG) remains the prevalent microvascular complication and leading cause of shortened lifespan in type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) despite improvement in hyperglycemia control. Considering the pivotal role of kidney in metabolism, using untargeted metabolomic techniques to globally delineate the serum metabolite profiles will help advance understanding pathogenetic underpinnings of renal biopsy-confirmed DG from the perspective of metabolism specifically. Fourteen pathologically diagnosed DG patients secondary to T2DM and 14 age- and gender-matched healthy controls (HCs) were recruited for study. We employed mass spectrometry-based untargeted metabolomic methods to reveal the metabolite profiles of serum samples collected from all included subjects. We identified a total of 334 and 397 metabolites in positive and negative ion mode respectively. One hundred and eighty-two important differential metabolites whose variable importance in projection (VIP) > 1 and p value <0.05 were selected and annotated to metabolic pathways. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed tryptophan metabolism enriched most significantly. Among the tryptophan derivatives, L-tryptophan (L-Trp) and serotonin were relatively accumulated in DGs compared with HCs, while 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) and indole-3-acetamide were depleted. Correlation analysis showed serotonin and L-Trp are negatively correlated with 24 h urine protein and glycosylated hemoglobin (Ghb). To exclude the interference of preexisting T2DM on DG exacerbation, we selected 5-HIAA and 3-(3-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid (3-OHPPA) which are not correlated with Ghb and analyzed their correlation relationship with crucial renal indices. We found 3-OHPPA is positively correlated with urine total protein and creatinine ratio (T/Cr) and 24 h urine protein, 5-HIAA is positively correlated with serum creatinine and urea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanliang Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Ruixue Guo
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Wen Cui
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Li Wang
- Biobank of, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Jing Xiao
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Jin Shang
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Zhanzheng Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
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48
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Aquilani R, Maestri R, Dossena M, La Rovere MT, Buonocore D, Boschi F, Verri M. Altered Amino Acid Metabolism in Patients with Cardiorenal Syndrome Type 2: Is It a Problem for Protein and Exercise Prescriptions? Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13051632. [PMID: 34067952 PMCID: PMC8152258 DOI: 10.3390/nu13051632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The goal of this retrospective study was to document any alterations in plasma amino acids (AAs) in subjects with cardiorenal syndrome type 2 (CRS 2). We analyzed data from sixteen patients with CRS 2 and eight healthy subjects (control group, C), whose plasma arterial (A) and venous (V) AA concentrations had been measured. Compared to C, the group of CRS 2 patients showed significant reductions by more than 90% in A (p < 0.01) and V (p < 0.01) individual AAs, whereas negative A-V differences that indicated a net muscle AA release (muscle hypercatabolism) were found in 59% of CRS 2 patients (p < 0.03). No significant differences in plasma A and V AA concentrations nor in A-V differences were found between patients with mild kidney damage (N = 5; estimated glomerular filtration rate, eGFR ≥ 60 mL/min/1.73 m2) and patients with moderate-severe kidney damage (N = 11; eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2). Several plasma arterial AAs correlated with hemodynamic variables, but not with GFR. The study showed that patients with CRS 2 had very low concentrations of circulating AAs, independent of the degree of GFR damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Aquilani
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “Lazzaro Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (R.A.); (M.D.); (D.B.)
| | - Roberto Maestri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering of the Montescano Institute, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, 27040 Montescano, Italy;
| | - Maurizia Dossena
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “Lazzaro Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (R.A.); (M.D.); (D.B.)
| | - Maria Teresa La Rovere
- Department of Cardiac Rehabilitation of the Montescano Institute, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, 27040 Montescano, Italy;
| | - Daniela Buonocore
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “Lazzaro Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (R.A.); (M.D.); (D.B.)
| | - Federica Boschi
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Manuela Verri
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “Lazzaro Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (R.A.); (M.D.); (D.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0382-986423
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49
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Avin KG, Hughes MC, Chen NX, Srinivasan S, O’Neill KD, Evan AP, Bacallao RL, Schulte ML, Moorthi RN, Gisch DL, Perry CGR, Moe SM, O’Connell TM. Skeletal muscle metabolic responses to physical activity are muscle type specific in a rat model of chronic kidney disease. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9788. [PMID: 33963215 PMCID: PMC8105324 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89120-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) leads to musculoskeletal impairments that are impacted by muscle metabolism. We tested the hypothesis that 10-weeks of voluntary wheel running can improve skeletal muscle mitochondria activity and function in a rat model of CKD. Groups included (n = 12-14/group): (1) normal littermates (NL); (2) CKD, and; (3) CKD-10 weeks of voluntary wheel running (CKD-W). At 35-weeks old the following assays were performed in the soleus and extensor digitorum longus (EDL): targeted metabolomics, mitochondrial respiration, and protein expression. Amino acid-related compounds were reduced in CKD muscle and not restored by physical activity. Mitochondrial respiration in the CKD soleus was increased compared to NL, but not impacted by physical activity. The EDL respiration was not different between NL and CKD, but increased in CKD-wheel rats compared to CKD and NL groups. Our results demonstrate that the soleus may be more susceptible to CKD-induced changes of mitochondrial complex content and respiration, while in the EDL, these alterations were in response the physiological load induced by mild physical activity. Future studies should focus on therapies to improve mitochondrial function in both types of muscle to determine if such treatments can improve the ability to adapt to physical activity in CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith G. Avin
- Division of Nephrology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 950 W. Walnut St., R2 202, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA ,Department of Physical Therapy, Indiana University School of Health and Human Sciences, Indianapolis, IN USA ,Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN USA
| | - Meghan C. Hughes
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Muscle Health Research Centre, York University, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Neal X. Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 950 W. Walnut St., R2 202, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA ,Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN USA
| | - Shruthi Srinivasan
- Division of Nephrology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 950 W. Walnut St., R2 202, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA ,Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN USA
| | - Kalisha D. O’Neill
- Division of Nephrology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 950 W. Walnut St., R2 202, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA ,Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN USA
| | - Andrew P. Evan
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA
| | - Robert L. Bacallao
- Division of Nephrology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 950 W. Walnut St., R2 202, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA ,Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN USA
| | - Michael L. Schulte
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA
| | - Ranjani N. Moorthi
- Division of Nephrology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 950 W. Walnut St., R2 202, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA
| | - Debora L. Gisch
- Departamento de Engenharia Mecânica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS Brazil
| | - Christopher G. R. Perry
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Muscle Health Research Centre, York University, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Sharon M. Moe
- Division of Nephrology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 950 W. Walnut St., R2 202, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA ,Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN USA ,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA
| | - Thomas M. O’Connell
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA
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50
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Baliga MM, Klawitter J, Christians U, Hopp K, Chonchol M, Gitomer BY, Cadnapaphornchai MA, Klawitter J. Metabolic profiling in children and young adults with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6629. [PMID: 33758231 PMCID: PMC7988179 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-84609-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most commonly inherited kidney disease. Although children with ADPKD show normal renal function, cyst development is already occurring. In this study, we aimed to identify markers and associated molecular pathways of disease progression in children and young adults with ADPKD. Plasma samples were collected during a 3-year randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase III clinical trial that was designed to test the efficacy of pravastatin on slowing down ADPKD progression in pediatric patients. Samples from 58 patients were available at baseline and at the 3-year endpoint of the study, respectively. Furthermore, plasma samples from 98 healthy children were used as controls. Metabolomic analysis was performed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and differences in metabolic profiles over time and within study groups were evaluated. While pravastatin therapy led to a decrease in a percent change of total kidney volume (HtTKV) in ADPKD patients, it had minimal effects on metabolite changes. Oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, inflammation and immune response were the most affected signaling pathways that distinguished healthy from diseased children. Pathway analysis revealed that metabolites in the arginine metabolism (urea and nitric oxide cycles), asparagine and glutamine metabolism, in the methylation cycle and kynurenine pathway were significantly changed between healthy and children with ADPDK and continued to diverge from the control levels while the disease progressed. Detected metabolite changes were primarily governed by disease progression, and less by pravastatin treatment. Identified metabolic pathways, from arginine and asparagine to kynurenine metabolism could present therapeutic targets and should be further investigated for potential to treat ADPKD progression at an early stage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jost Klawitter
- Deparment of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, 12705 E Montview Blvd., Bioscience 2, Suite 200, Aurora, CO, 80045-7109, USA
| | - Uwe Christians
- Deparment of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, 12705 E Montview Blvd., Bioscience 2, Suite 200, Aurora, CO, 80045-7109, USA
| | - Katharina Hopp
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Michel Chonchol
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Berenice Y Gitomer
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Melissa A Cadnapaphornchai
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
- Presbyterian/St. Luke's Medical Center, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Jelena Klawitter
- Deparment of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, 12705 E Montview Blvd., Bioscience 2, Suite 200, Aurora, CO, 80045-7109, USA.
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.
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